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Elloumi, M. "Quelle Agriculture pour la Tunisie Post-Révolution ? = What Agriculture for Post-Revolution Tunisia ?" Annales de l'Inrat 88, Numéro Spécial (2015): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0028858.
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Bouraoui, Moez. "L'agriculture urbaine en Tunisie : espace relictuel ou nouvelle composante territoriale ? Le cas du Grand Tunis / Urban agriculture in Tunisia : residual space or a new territorial component ? The case of Greater Tunis." Revue de géographie alpine 91, no. 4 (2003): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rga.2003.2261.
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Gaillard, Cédric, Sofyan Martin, Pierre-Marie Bosc, Jalila El-Ati, Marie Claude Dop, Tarek Trabelsi, Marie-Josephe Amiot, and Sandrine Dury. "Explorer les liens entre agriculture et sécurité alimentaire : une enquête auprès des femmes du gouvernorat de Sidi-Bouzid en Tunisie." Cahiers Agricultures 27, no. 1 (January 2018): 15501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2018005.
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Cet article présente et décrit le contenu d’une base de données construite à partir d’une enquête menée dans le gouvernorat de Sidi-Bouzid, situé dans le centre de la Tunisie. Sur ce territoire en transition, le secteur agricole, qui tient une place prédominante dans l’activité économique, est caractérisé par la diversité de ses exploitations, aussi bien sur le plan organisationnel (main-d’œuvre familiale ou salariée à dominante féminine) que technique (présence d’infrastructure d’irrigation, de culture sous-abri). Sur le plan des orientations technico-économiques, les cultures arboricoles et maraîchères se développent quand d’autres cultures plus traditionnelles persistent (oléiculture, céréaliculture). Des politiques publiques récentes ont également encouragé l’élevage laitier. Berceau de la révolution du Jasmin en 2010, Sidi-Bouzid fait face à des difficultés économiques et sociales. Dans ce contexte, l’agriculture a un rôle essentiel pour assurer la sécurité alimentaire de la population. L’objectif de cette enquête était d’identifier les liens existants entre la structure, le fonctionnement et les performances des exploitations agricoles, et la sécurité alimentaire des femmes adultes du territoire. Les revenus individuels des membres du ménage, l’autoconsommation de produits agricoles, et l’autonomie des femmes peuvent aussi jalonner ce chemin d’impact. En effet, le développement du salariat peut permettre aux femmes d’accroître leur autonomie, privilégiant ainsi, à travers la maîtrise de leurs dépenses, leurs besoins alimentaires et ceux du ménage auquel elles appartiennent. L’enquête est articulée autour de trois questionnaires. Cinq cent soixante-quinze femmes, sélectionnées aléatoirement à partir d’un échantillon représentatif des femmes de 20 à 49 ans du gouvernorat de Sidi-Bouzid, 575 chefs de ménages et 316 chefs d’exploitations ont répondu aux questionnaires. La collecte a été réalisée sur questionnaire papier, en entretien face-à-face en décembre 2015. Les données ont été ensuite saisies et contrôlées sur le logiciel EpiData, avant d’être nettoyées sur le logiciel Stata. Les données sont disponibles sur le lien doi: 10.18167/DVN1/LWT7BG.
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CHEMINEAU, P., G. KHALDI, N. LASSOUED, Y. COGNIÉ, J. THIMONIER, P. POINDRON, B. MALPAUX, and J. A. DELGADILLO. "Des apports originaux sur l’« effet mâle », une technique agro-écologique de maîtrise de la reproduction des brebis et des chèvres, fruits d’une longue collaboration scientifique entre la Tunisie, le Mexique et la France." INRA Productions Animales 30, no. 5 (June 29, 2018): 427–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2017.30.5.2273.
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Les recherches sur la maîtrise de la reproduction des brebis et des chèvres ont abouti à des traitements hormonaux de synchronisation des chaleurs très largement utilisés. Leurs coûts sont supportés par la valeur ajoutée de la production laitière et le progrès génétique rapide permis par l’insémination artificielle associée à la synchronisation. Les éleveurs des pays en développement ne disposent pas des mêmes moyens financiers et des programmes de coopération conduits avec les chercheurs de ces pays portent sur des moyens moins coûteux de synchronisation, comme « l’effet mâle » qui ne nécessite que des manipulations de lots d’animaux, sans intervention hormonale. En France, l’effet mâle ne suscite d’intérêt que chez les éleveurs et professionnels ovins et caprins en Agriculture Biologique. Pendant plus de 20 ans, des programmes de coopération scientifique entre la France, la Tunisie et le Mexique ont permis de mieux connaître les mécanismes physiologiques de la réponse à l’effet mâle et les conditions de son utilisation. Ils ont produit de nombreuses publications et permis le développement de techniques durables de maîtrise de la reproduction, adoptées avec succès par les éleveurs tunisiens et mexicains. L’émergence récente de préoccupations environnementales a changé le point de vue des professionnels français, désormais plus soucieux de durabilité de leurs systèmes. Les informations accumulées lors de ces programmes internationaux de coopération sont maintenant utiles dans les systèmes d’élevage français et européens, pour accélérer la mise au point de nouvelles techniques alternatives à l’utilisation des traitements hormonaux.
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Biddlestone, Jessica. "The Olive Grove of Rome." French Politics, Culture & Society 38, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 111–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2020.380306.
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In 1892, the French resident general in Tunisia launched the first state-sponsored colonization effort in the Tunisian protectorate. Based on Paul Bourde’s study of ancient Roman agriculture, the colonization plan explicitly sought to remake Roman prosperity in central Tunisia by fostering the cultivation of olives. Examining Bourde’s study of the ancient past and his work as director of agriculture in Tunisia, this article explores the connections between the study of the Roman Empire and the development of colonialism in North Africa. In tracing this history, this article highlights how the study and use of Roman ruins in French Tunisia inspired an appreciation for the role that technology and material development played in supporting the spread of Roman civilization and culture.
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Gara, Anissa, Mohamed Karim Aounallah, and Dorra Ajabi. "Evaluation of Farms’ Sustainability According to Land Tenure in Mornag, Tunisia." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 36, no. 1 (November 17, 2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.43726.
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<p>In Tunisia the main objective of sustainable agriculture is to improve agricultural systems by creating more wealth and meeting the needs of the population without compromising those of future generations. It turned out that confusion and lack of clarity of ownership status of agricultural land would lead to instability in agricultural sustainability by having a negative impact on social and economic prosperity and environment preservation. Within this environmental concern, the current research constitutes an assessment of the level of sustainability of different farms in Tunisia where problems of land ownership still exist. The current research is based on the Farm Sustainability Indicators method (standing for: <em>‘Indicateurs de durabilité des exploitations agricoles </em>or IDEA). This case study employed IDEA method which provides operational content to compare the sustainability concept at the farm level, based on the factor of ‘land tenure status’. In Tunisia, the lack of clear land ownership affects the output of agriculture that is why it is valuable to assess the impact of land properties status on farms’ agricultural sustainability. Hence, we distinguished two groups of farms: Private Farms (PF) (inherited from father to son) and Farming Enhancement Corporation (FEC) (state’s lands leased by farmers for many years). The results showed that land tenure has impact on farms sustainability. PF are more sustainable on both agro-ecological scale (49.2) and socio-territorial scale (48); compared to FEC (agro-ecological: 44.5 and socio-territorial: 46). PF favor integrated systems and the production of field crops and fodder crops and they attach greater importance to their employees’ training.</p>
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Gil, J. M., M. BenKaabia, and H. E. Chebbi. "Macroeconomics and agriculture in Tunisia." Applied Economics 41, no. 1 (January 2009): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840701604420.
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Lee, Joan. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 10, No. 2." Sustainable Agriculture Research 10, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v10n2p98.
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Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.
Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: sar@ccsenet.org
Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 2
Araya Ranok, Department of Applied Biology, Faculty Science and Liberal Arts, Thailand
Cristina B. Pocol, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj Napoca, Romania
Daniel L Mutisya, Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization, Kenya
Darwin Pangaribuan, Lampung University, Indonesia
Gunnar Bengtsson, Sweden
Inder Pal Singh, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University (GADVASU), India
Katarzyna Panasiewicz, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland
Khaled Sassi, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Tunisia
Luciano Chi, Sugar Industry Research and Development Institute, Belize
Manuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal
Murtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, Pakistan
Ram Niwas, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, India
Roberto José Zoppolo, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (Uruguay), Uruguay
Subhash Chand, Central Agricultural Research Institute CARI Port Blair, India
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Dare, Anne E., Rabi H. Mohtar, Chad T. Jafvert, Basem Shomar, Bernard Engel, Rachid Boukchina, and Ayman Rabi. "Opportunities and Challenges for Treated Wastewater Reuse in the West Bank, Tunisia, and Qatar." Transactions of the ASABE 60, no. 5 (2017): 1563–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12109.
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Abstract. Harsh environment, severe aridity, and climate change create chronic water shortages in the Middle East. Technical challenges, socio-economic factors, and competing uses of water have escalated the difficulties in water planning at national and institutional levels. This research identifies opportunities and challenges associated with wastewater treatment systems and the potential for wastewater reuse in the West Bank, Tunisia, and Qatar through the following objectives: (1) identify the factors associated with successful and unsuccessful reuse schemes, (2) compare treated wastewater quality with end use application of treated wastewater, and (3) identify the governance and social challenges preventing the use of treated wastewater, specifically in agricultural applications. Water quality analyses and consultations with farmers, local stakeholders, and water and agriculture experts were conducted. Opportunities and challenges for treated wastewater reuse in agriculture are identified as the proximity of the treatment facility to agricultural areas, water quality, and motivation of farmers. With proper maintenance and appropriate monitoring, the modest (natural) treatment facilities in the West Bank and secondary treatment technologies in Tunisia are capable of producing effluent safe for use in production of certain agricultural products; however, in Qatar, despite massive investments in producing high-quality treated wastewater using advanced treatment technologies, there is little demand. Water policies, laws and acts, and action plans are urgently needed to be coupled and integrated for implementation. Keywords: Arid lands, Food security, MENA, Wastewater treatment, Water reuse.
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Lee, Joan. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 9, No. 1." Sustainable Agriculture Research 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v9n1p80.
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Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.
Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: sar@ccsenet.org
Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 1
Ahmed Elamrani, Université Mohamed Premier, Morocco
Anchal Dass, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), India
Bed Mani Dahal, Kathmandu University, Nepal
Dietrich Darr, Hochschule Rhein-Waal, Germany
Gema Parra, Universidad de Jaén, Spain
Gunnar Bengtsson, Sweden
Inder Pal Singh, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University(GADVASU), India
Kassim Adekunle Akanni, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Nigeria
Katarzyna Panasiewicz, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland
Khaled Sassi, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Tunisia
Manuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal
Marcelo Augusto Gonçalves Bardi, Universidade Sao Francisco, Brazil
Murtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, Pakistan
Ram Niwas, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, India
Ram Swaroop Jat, ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, India
Subhash Chand, Central Agricultural Research Institute CARI Port Blair, India
Tenaw Workayehu, Hawassa Research Center, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia
Vishwambhar Prasad Sati, Government KRG Post Graduate College, India
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Saddoud Deddabi, Olfa, Cinzia Montemurro, Sihem Ben Maachia, Fathi Ben Amar, Valentina Fanelli, Susanna Gadaleta, Milad El Riachy, et al. "A Hot Spot of Olive Biodiversity in the Tunisian Oasis of Degache." Diversity 12, no. 9 (September 17, 2020): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12090358.
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Tunisia is one of the world’s largest producers of olive oil, and it preserves pools of olive genetic diversity that are still unexplored. A recent prospection and collection program of the National Gene Bank of Tunisia (NGBT) focused on the vast oasis of Degache, in the south west part of Tunisia, where 47 samples were collected and genetically characterized through simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Identification and authentication of genotypes were obtained through comparison with reference cultivars belonging to the Olive National Collection of Tunisia (IOC) and with cultivars from Algeria, Italia, Syria and Lebanon. Degache olive genotypes showed large genetic variability, a significant diversity from the reference germplasm, and a clear differentiation from modern varieties. The population structure analysis identified four gene pools characterizing genotypes from different area of origin. Two gene pools appear to be more represented in germplasm from southern Tunisia, where environmental conditions at critical plant development phases, are harsher. This suggests that this germplasm might present traits of adaptation useful for breeding to improve resilience to abiotic stresses. Our results will support ex situ and in situ conservation activities of Tunisian olive germplasm pursued by the National Gene Bank of Tunisia.
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Eddine Chebbi, Houssem. "Agriculture and economic growth in Tunisia." China Agricultural Economic Review 2, no. 1 (February 2, 2010): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17561371011017504.
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Mohamed, Abdinur Ali, Poomthan Rangkakulnuwat, and Sasiwimon Warunsiri Paweenawat. "Decomposition of agricultural productivity growth in Africa." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 7, no. 4 (December 5, 2016): 497–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-02-2015-0019.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to decompose total factor productivity (TFP) changes of the agriculture sector in ten African countries. Design/methodology/approach A fixed-effects estimation is applied to estimate the translog production function. Findings The study results are consistent with previous studies, indicating low TFP. Furthermore, of the TFP components, only technical change (TC) is positive. This study proposes that credit be made available to farmers in Egypt, Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. Furthermore, agricultural development programs should be implemented in South Africa and Senegal to improve TFP in these countries. Originality/value This study measures the following TFP components for the African agriculture sector: TC, technical efficiency, and scale effects.
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Hedoui, Mohamed Amine, Dimitrios Natos, and Konstadinos Mattas. "EU AGRICULTURAL INTEGRATED POLICIES: THE CASE OF EU AND MEDITERRANEAN COUNTIES." New Medit 18, no. 3 (September 15, 2019): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30682/nm1903b.
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EU agricultural integrated policies among the EU and the southern Mediterranean countries are more evidently distilled through the EU-Mediterranean process (EUROMED). After 10 years of the Agadir agreement entry into force, this paper attempts to assess the agriculture trade integration among countries signed under the agreement, namely Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt and Jordan, by evaluating firstly the degree of sectorial and geographical dispersion of the four countries agricultural exports and secondly appraising the extent of agricultural trade complementarity towards EU countries. In this study, using the available agricultural trade data for the period 2007-2016 and the twenty-four agricultural sectors classification (CN codes 01-24), we will build three trade indices; Regional Hirschman, Sectorial Hirschman and the Trade Complementarity Index. And, finally, we will discuss the result and highlight the limitation and the challenges that hinder agricultural trade integration among southern and northern Mediterranean countries.
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Jeder, Houcine, Emna Ben Hamza, and Hatem Belhouchette. "AN OPTIMAL PRICE FOR SUSTAINABLE IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE IN CENTRAL-EASTERN TUNISIA." New Medit 18, no. 2 (June 15, 2019): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30682/nm1902a.
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Increasing pressures on water resources are causing many countries in Mediterranean to (re)consider various mechanisms to improve water use efficiency for agricultural like Tunisia country. The price mechanism remains the most appropriate instrument to allocate this water resource, but the search for the optimal price of water that reconciles different aspects economic and environmental is the most important issue to rise. In this paper, we will show that the search for a compromise between farm income and water consumption is possible through an optimal price applying both the entropy maximization approach and the multiobjective optimization. The results show that the use of Generalised Maximum Entropy (GME) approach is able to calibrate the model. Once the model is calibrated, a Multi-Objective Programming (MOP) was used to determine the optimal price using the compromise method. This optimal price determined has resulted to a slight economic decline in agricultural income against an immediate environmental gain of water saving. This compromise is a way to ensure the sustainability of irrigated agriculture and the preservation of water resources in Tunisia.
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Santoro, Antonio, Martina Venturi, Sihem Ben Maachia, Fadwa Benyahia, Federica Corrieri, Francesco Piras, and Mauro Agnoletti. "Agroforestry Heritage Systems as Agrobiodiversity Hotspots. The Case of the Mountain Oases of Tunisia." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 15, 2020): 4054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104054.
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Traditional agricultural systems are receiving increasing attention at the international level due to their multifunctional role. The Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) programme of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) aims to identify agricultural systems of global importance, preserve landscape, agrobiodiversity and traditional knowledge and apply the principles of dynamic conservation to promote sustainable development. Biodiversity associated to traditional agricultural practices is particularly important, especially in difficult environments, like traditional oases, for ensuring food and nutrition to local communities. We documented landscape and biological diversity associated with traditional agricultural practices in three traditional oases in Tunisia, through a landscape analysis based on land-use survey, and an assessment of cultivated species. Results show that the landscape structure is dominated by agricultural land uses and characterized by a high level of diversification. Agrobiodiversity is high: we identified 20 varieties of date palm, 21 species of fruit trees, 21 vegetable species and two fodder crops. Results highlighted that traditional oases, as other agroforestry and agricultural heritage systems, continue to play a crucial role in maintaining genetic resources and agrobiodiversity. Farmers who, all over the world, still cultivate applying traditional practices are the main actors that practice a real conservation of genetic resources and diversity by maintaining traditional cultivars and a diversified landscape structure. Our methodology, based on the combined assessment of land uses and agrobiodiversity, can be replicated in other agricultural heritage systems to evaluate and measure possible transformations and identify the best strategies for their preservation.
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Khaled, Rachida, and Lamine Hammas. "Technological Innovation and the Agricultural Sustainability." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 7, no. 2 (April 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijide.2016040101.
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The diffusion of the technological innovation can affect the agricultural sector in the three-sided (social, economic and environmental), a hand, it can contribute to solve problems of the agricultural sector: the effects of the climatic changes, the farming exodus and the migration and the problems of poverty and it can improve the agricultural productivity. But on the other hand, he can lead to new problems, such as depletion of energy resources caused by excessive use of energizing technologies, pollution of air and water and the destruction of soil by industrial waste. This paper aims to theoretically and empirically analyze the role of technological innovation in improving agricultural sustainability through the impact of mechanization on agricultural productivity, energy production and net income per capita for a panel of three Maghreb countries (Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia) during the period 1997-2012. By using simultaneous equations, the authors' finding that technological innovation cannot achieve the purpose of sustainable development in the agriculture sector in the Maghreb countries through the negative impact of mechanization and research and development on agricultural productivity.
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Aydi, A., M. Zairi, A. Kallel, and H. Ben Dhia. "Caractérisation de la décharge contrôlée de Jebel Chakir-Tunis (Tunisie)." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 5 (2009): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/200905101.
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Amel, Belhaj Mguidiche, Boutheina Douh, and Kalthoum Harbaoui. "Wheat agronomic parameters and water use efficiency under different bioclimatic stage in the North of Tunisia." Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences 5, no. 10 (2018): 537–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21472/bjbs.051029.
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Improvement of water use efficiency (WUE) in wheat is important for almost all agricultural practices, so Water use efficiency (WUE), is the ratio of grain yield to crop water use, provides a simple means of assessing whether yield is limited by water supply or other factors. Limited precipitation restricts yield of wheat grown in Tunisia, so supplement irrigation will be paramount in Mediterranean agriculture in the future where wheat is a major crop. The present study was carried out in two stations of the Regional Filed Crop Research Center of Béja, Tunisia, in sub humid climatic stage and Oued Miliz in semi arid, in sub humid experiment was conducted rainfed whereas three irrigations levels were used in semi arid condition. The aim of this work was to study effect of biocliamtic stage and supplemental irrigation on yield and water use efficiency. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in biological water use efficiency between two climatic stages for all varieties; whereas in the same condition there no significant difference between varieties.
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Roson, Roberto, and Martina Sartori. "System-Wide Implications of Changing Water Availability and Agricultural Productivity in the Mediterranean Economies." Water Economics and Policy 01, no. 01 (March 2015): 1450001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2382624x14500015.
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We evaluate the structural consequences of water availability scenarios in the Mediterranean, following a multidisciplinary approach and a sequential modeling methodology. This includes an assessment of future water availability and a general equilibrium macroeconomic analysis of changes in agricultural productivity. Lower productivity in agriculture, induced by reduced water availability, generates negative consequences in terms of real income and welfare. The magnitude of the loss depends on the amount of the productivity shock, but also on the share of agricultural activities in the economy and on the stringency of the environmental regulation. We find evidence of a dramatic cut in the supply of water for agriculture in the Middle East. We consider alternative scenarios, differing in terms of stringency of environmental regulation and assumptions about water efficiency. The largest welfare losses turn out to be in Morocco and Tunisia, especially in the "worst" scenario NM. Other very relevant impacts can be observed in Turkey, Greece, Spain, Italy and Rest of Middle East and North Africa (XMENA). There are also clear differences among the scenarios. First, applying a constraint on the access to environmental water reserves only for Europe does make a big difference for non-European countries, implying that governments in the Middle East could respond to increasing water scarcity by accepting, to some extent, lower environmental quality (deterioration of aquatic environments). To avoid large drops in income and welfare, countries such as Tunisia and Morocco would not devote to environmental flows more than 10% and 5%, respectively, of their blue water resources. Second, improvements in water efficiency, as envisaged in the simulation exercise, appear to curb the economic impact of water scarcity quite significantly. This is especially true for countries in the North, whereas efficiency does not compensate for a strict environmental policy in the South.
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Dop, Marie Claude, Fayçal Kefi, Olfa Karous, Eric O. Verger, Asma Bahrini, Zeineb Ghrabi, Jalila El Ati, Gina Kennedy, and Céline Termote. "Identification and frequency of consumption of wild edible plants over a year in central Tunisia: a mixed-methods approach." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 5 (December 20, 2019): 782–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019003409.
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AbstractObjective:To identify wild plants used as food and assess their frequency of consumption over a year in a region of Tunisia where agriculture is undergoing a major transformation from smallholder farming to an intensive high-input agricultural system.Design:Qualitative ethnobotanical study followed by a survey of women’s frequency of consumption of wild plants conducted using FFQ at quarterly intervals.Setting:Sidi Bouzid governorate of central Tunisia.Participants:Mixed-gender group of key informants (n 14) and focus group participants (n 43). Survey sample of women aged 20–49 years, representative at governorate level (n 584).Results:Ethnobotanical study: thirty folk species of wild edible plants corresponding to thirty-five taxa were identified by key informants, while twenty folk species (twenty-five taxa) were described by focus groups as commonly eaten. Population-based survey: 98 % of women had consumed a wild plant over the year, with a median frequency of 2 d/month. Wild and semi-domesticated fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. and Anethum graveolens) was the most frequently consumed folk species. Women in the upper tertile of wild plant consumption frequency were more likely to be in their 30s, to live in an urban area, to have non-monetary access to foods from their extended family and to belong to wealthier households.Conclusions:In this population, wild edible plants, predominantly leafy vegetables, are appreciated but consumed infrequently. Their favourable perception, however, offers an opportunity for promoting their consumption which could play a role in providing healthy diets and mitigating the obesity epidemic that is affecting the Tunisian population.
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Jellali, Ahlem, Wafik Hachicha, and Awad M. Aljuaid. "Sustainable Configuration of the Tunisian Olive Oil Supply Chain Using a Fuzzy TOPSIS-Based Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020722.
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Agricultural production of olive oil is a sector with high significance. The olive sector is a very important sector for several countries in the world, in particular, for Tunisia. In addition, the impacts of olive oil production and extraction on economic, environmental, and social issues are considerable. The main objective of this work is to propose a better configuration of the Tunisian olive oil supply chain (OOSC) from a sustainable development (SD) perspective. The proposed approach consists of applying a fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method as a multi-criteria approach. The proposed approach is applied twice. In the first application, the objective is to compare five possible scenarios for the olive agricultural phase. In the second application, the objective is to compare three possible scenarios for the olive oil transformation phase. The major findings of this research include the following: (1) The best scenario for the agricultural phase is the intensified organic system, which is based on biodynamic olive growing. (2) The best scenario for the transformation phase (oil extraction) is the continuous two-phase extraction system. Consequently, the efficient way for the by-products processing phase is the use of wet pomace for the preparation of biodynamic compost.
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Ayadi, M., I. Zouari, and A. Bellagi. "Simulation and Performance of a Solar Drying Unit with Storage for Aromatic and Medicinal Plants." International Journal of Food Engineering 11, no. 5 (October 1, 2015): 597–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2015-0064.
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Abstract The objective of this work, based on a theoretical and experimental study, is to investigate the energy and economic performance of a totally solar drying unit with storage for aromatic and medicinal plants, to satisfy a dimensioning already carried out on a macroscopic scale for an energy request well defined: to dry a quantity of a given agricultural products during 1 day of harvest season, so between September and May, with a heat storage which relays at night. Drying experiments were conducted for spearmint grown in Tunisia. Mathematical formulation of the physical process of this solar drying unit based on conventional heat and mass transfer equations showed a certain agreement with the experimental results under climatic conditions of Tunis (Tunisia). All the experimental drying curves showed only a falling drying rate period. The main factor in controlling the drying rate was found to be the drying air temperature. It was observed that this unit is able to dry more than 2.5 kg of spearmint per day with a moisture reduction efficiency of 70%. It was found that for all the period of harvest, so for 5 months assumed dryer used per year, the payback period is 3.6 years.
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Dhehibi, Boubaker, Udo Rudiger, Hloniphani Peter Moyo, and Mohamed Zied Dhraief. "Agricultural Technology Transfer Preferences of Smallholder Farmers in Tunisia’s Arid Regions." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010421.
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The objective of this research study was to assess the sources of information on two improved agricultural and livestock technologies (barley variety and feed blocks) as well as the efficacy of numerous agricultural technology diffusion means introduced in the livestock–barley system in semi-arid Tunisia. The research used primary data collected from 671 smallholder farmers. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted, and Kendall’s W-test and the chi-squared distribution test were deployed to categorize and evaluate the efficacy of the different methods of technology diffusion used by the Tunisian extension system. To address farmers’ perceived opinions and classify the changes from the use of the improved technologies, a qualitative approach based on the Stapel scale was used. Farmer training, demonstration, and farmer-to-farmer interactions were perceived as the most effective agricultural extension methods. The access to technology, know-how, adoption cost of that technology, and labor intensity for adoption influenced its adoption level. Farmers’ opinions about the changes resulting from the adoption of both technologies revealed that yield and resistance to drought were the most important impacts of the two technologies. The study recommends empowering the national extension system through both conventional and non-conventional technologies (ICT, video, mobile phones, etc.), given the cost-effectiveness and their impact on the farmers’ adoption decisions.
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Lee, Joan. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 6, No. 4." Sustainable Agriculture Research 6, no. 4 (October 31, 2017): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v6n4p161.
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Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/reviewer and e-mail the completed application form to sar@ccsenet.org. Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 4Abha Mishra, Asian Institute of Technology, ThailandAmi Lokhandwala, University of Mississippi, USABaoubadi Atozou, Laval University, CanadaBeye Amadou Moustapha, Rice Research Center, Cote d'IvoireEntessar Mohammad Al JBawi, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, SyriaGiuseppina Migliore, University of Palermo, ItalyInder Pal Singh, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, IndiaKhaled Sassi, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, TunisiaKleber Campos Miranda-Filho, UFMG, BrazilManuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), PortugalMhosisi Masocha, University of Zimbabwe, ZimbabweMurtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, PakistanSuheb Mohammed, University of Virginia, United States
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Kanzari, Sabri, Rim Jaziri, Khouloud Ben Ali, and Issam Daghari. "Long-term evaluation of soil salinization risks under different climate change scenarios in a semi-arid region of Tunisia." Water Supply 21, no. 5 (February 22, 2021): 2463–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.052.
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Abstract The project ‘Research and Training on Irrigation with Saline Water in Tunisia’, with the project report published by UNESCO in 1970, was set up to specify Tunisian standards for the use of saline water and to mitigate their effects on crop yields. The objective of this study is to assess the risk of long-term soil salinization by considering the agricultural practices mentioned in the project for the ‘Water Quality’ experiment in the semi-arid region of Cherfech (Tunisia). A Hydrus-1D model was used to simulate the movement of water and the transfer of salts. Soil hydraulic and solute transport parameters were estimated using inverse modeling. Calibration and validation of the model were made for the water and salt profiles carried out with four irrigation qualities QA, QB, QC and QD. Four scenarios over 50 years were studied: (i) S1 with rainfall (400 mm) only; (ii) S2 with rainfall and irrigation (1,400 mm); (iii) S3 with a 2 °C increase in temperature; (iv) S4 with the addition of 100 mm·d−1 of rainfall. The four scenarios highlighted the high risk of soil salinization, especially for the QB, QC and QD qualities after 20 years of irrigation and the deep dynamics of water and salts beyond the root zone which increases the risk of groundwater salinization.
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Khelifa, Rassim, Hayat Mahdjoub, Affef Baaloudj, Robert A. Cannings, and Michael J. Samways. "Remarkable Population Resilience in a North African Endemic Damselfly in the Face of Rapid Agricultural Transformation." Insects 12, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12040353.
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Agriculture can be pervasive in its effect on wild nature, affecting various types of natural habitats, including lotic ecosystems. Here, we assess the extent of agricultural expansion on lotic systems in Northern Africa (Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco) and document its overlap with the distribution of an endemic damselfly, Platycnemis subdilatata Selys, using species distribution modeling. We found that agricultural land cover increased by 321% in the region between 1992 and 2005, and, in particular, the main watercourses experienced an increase in agricultural land cover from 21.4% in 1992 to 78.1% in 2005, together with an increase in the intensity of 226% in agricultural practices. We used capture–mark–recapture (CMR) surveys in terrestrial habitats surrounding a stream bordered by grassland and cropland in northeastern Algeria to determine demographic parameters and population size, as well as cropland occupancy. CMR modeling showed that the recapture and survival probabilities had an average of 0.14 (95%CI: 0.14–0.17) and 0.86 (0.85–0.87), respectively. We estimated a relatively large population of P. subdilatata (~1750 individuals) in terrestrial habitats. The occupancy of terrestrial habitats by adults was spatially structured by age. Our data suggest that P. subdilatata has survived agricultural expansion and intensification better than other local odonate species, mainly because it can occupy transformed landscapes, such as croplands and grasslands.
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Mtimet, Nadhem, Asma Souissi, and Neama Mhamdi. "Tunisian consumers perception and behavior towards organic food products." New Medit 19, no. 1 (April 10, 2020): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30682/nm2001a.
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Organic agriculture production in Tunisia is relatively recent and was mainly oriented to the export market. However, local market demand is growing for such products. The objective of the current study is to assess consumers’ awareness and consumption of organic food products. A survey was implemented and included 250 respondents from the capital city Tunis. We used descriptive statistics, factor and cluster analysis to analyze the data. The results indicated that respondents’ perceptions towards organic food are positive. Four groups of consumers were identified with respondents from the main three groups have good understanding about organic food products characteristics. However, the proportion of consumers who purchase organic food on a regular basis is quite low (16%). Improving availability and access to organic products through the integration in mainstream sales channels and lower price premiums will help narrowing the gap between the intention to purchase organic products and the actual purchase. Nadhem Mtimet, Asma Souissi, Neama Mhamdi
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Mohamed, Mouldi Ben. "Geothermal resource development in agriculture in Kebili region, Southern Tunisia." Geothermics 32, no. 4-6 (August 2003): 505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.07.008.
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Chaieb, Nadia, Mohsen Rezguia, Sourour Ayedb, Haithem Bahria, Hatem Cheikh M’hameda, Mounir Rezguia, and Mohamed Annabia. "Effects of tillage and crop rotation on yield and quality parameters of durum wheat in Tunisia." Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 44, no. 2 (May 30, 2020): 7654–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v44-2.7.
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Conservation agriculture has been proposed as an alternative to conventional agriculture to mitigate the climate change impact and ensure food security. This study examined the effect of three tillage systems, ((conventional tillage (CT), chisel tillage (ChT) and no tillage (NT)) and two crop-rotation systems ((two year crop rotation (2-yr) and three year crop rotation (3-yr)) on some yield and quality parameters of two winter durum wheat genotypes. The results showed that biological yield (BY) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) were neither significantly affected by tillage, crop rotation nor genotype. Only the genotype significantly affected grain yield (GY). Grain protein content (GPC %) showed higher values than straw protein content (SPC %) and NT negatively affected GPC%. Some significant differences of mineral elements were observed according to tillage system applied and NT showed the lowest values of grain N, straw K, straw Ca and straw Na. Tillage system, croprotation system and genotype had no effect on total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). Highly significant negative correlation (-0,378**) was recorded between GY and grain N, and accordingly GPC%. The two winter durum wheat genotypes demonstrated that with the two crop-rotation systems, yields and most of quality parameters under NT and ChT were similar to those under CT. This study expands our knowledge on durum wheat chemistry variation in relation to agricultural system adopted and provides a basis for selecting the adequate crop
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Foltz, Jeremy D. "Credit market access and profitability in Tunisian agriculture." Agricultural Economics 30, no. 3 (May 2004): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2004.tb00191.x.
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Khamassi, Khalil, Fayçal Ben Jeddi, Doug Hobbs, Jose Irigoyen, Fred Stoddard, Donal M. O'Sullivan, and Huw Jones. "A baseline study of vicine–convicine levels in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) germplasm." Plant Genetic Resources 11, no. 3 (April 30, 2013): 250–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262113000105.
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Vicine and convicine are anti-nutritional compounds that accumulate in the cotyledons of faba beans. When humans consume beans with high levels of these compounds, it can cause a condition called favism in individuals harbouring a deficiency in the activity of their glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. When faba beans are used in animal feeds, there can be effects on performance. These concerns have resulted in increasing interest within plant breeding in developing low vicine and convicine faba bean germplasm. In order to facilitate this objective, we developed a rapid and robust screening method for vicine and convicine, capable of distinguishing between faba beans that are either high (wild type) or low in vicine and convicine. In the absence of reliable commercial reference materials, we report an adaptation of a previously published method where a biochemical assay and spectral data were used to confirm the identity of our analytes, vicine and convicine. This method could be readily adopted in other facilities and open the way to the efficient exploitation of diverse germplasm in regions where faba beans play a significant role in human nutrition. We screened a collection of germplasm of interest to a collaborative plant breeding programme developing between the National Institute for Agricultural Botany in the UK and L'Institut Nationale d'Agronomie de Tunisie in Tunisia. We report the results obtained and discuss the prospects for developing molecular markers for the low vicine and convicine trait.
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Bahri, A. "Utilization of treated wastewaters and sewage sludge in agriculture in Tunisia." Desalination 67, no. 4 (1987): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-9164(87)85021-x.
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Bahri, A. "Utilization of treated wastewaters and sewage sludge in agriculture in Tunisia." Desalination 67 (December 1987): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-9164(87)90247-5.
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Hammami, Sonia, Imen Ghzaiel, Souha Hammouda, Nabil Sakly, Mohamed Hammami, and Amira Zarrouk. "Evaluation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in frail Tunisian older adults." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 9, 2020): e0242152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242152.
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The present study was undertaken to evaluate serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in Tunisian older adults and to examine the relationships between inflammatory marker levels, geriatric, and biochemical parameters. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of Tunisian older adults (N = 141, aged 65 and over). Patients were recruited from the Department of Internal Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital (Monastir, Tunisia) and from a nursing home (Sousse, Tunisia). Comprehensive geriatric assessment, history taking and examination including functional and nutritional assessment were done for each participant. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to measure serum cytokine (TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6) levels. The modified Short Emergency Geriatric Assessment score (SEGAm) were used to classify patients as 51 very-frail, 40 frail, and 50 non-frail. The age of the participants (80 men, 61 women) ranged from 65 to 97 years. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-8 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher in very-frail participants compared to frail and non-frail ones. However, no significant differences in IL-6 levels were detected among frailty groups. After adjustment for age, CRP and IL-8 levels remained significantly associated with frailty. Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve corresponding to IL-8 showed an area under the curve of 0.7 (p = 0.003; 95% CI [0.58–0.81]) and a predictive threshold of 5.27 pg/ml. Positive correlations were found between frailty score, IL-6, and IL-8 levels. In addition, a significant positive correlation was observed between IL-8 levels and Timed Up and Go test results. However, a negative correlation was observed between Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form score, IL-6 and CRP levels, as well as between Activities of Daily Living score and serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP. In conclusion, the key findings of this study collectively support a role of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, CRP, and especially IL-8 in the development of frailty in older adults.
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Lee, Joan. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 6, No. 1." Sustainable Agriculture Research 6, no. 1 (January 24, 2017): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v6n1p120.
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Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/reviewer and e-mail the completed application form to sar@ccsenet.org. Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 1Abha Mishra, Asian Institute of Technology, ThailandAftab Alam, Vice President Agriculture (R&D), Edenworks Inc. New York, United StatesAmor Slama, Science Faculty of Bizerte, TunisiaAndre Lindner, Dresden University of Technology, Tropical Forestry, GermanyBernard Palmer Kfuban Yerima, University of Dschang, CameroonBeye Amadou Amadou Moustapha, Rice Research Center, Côte d'IvoireDario Stefanelli, Department of Primary Industries, AustraliaDietrich Darr, Hochschule Rhein-Waal, GermanyInder Pal Singh, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University (GADVASU), IndiaIvo Grgic, University of Zagreb, CroatiaJose Antonio Alburquerque, Spanish National Research Council (CEBAS-CSIC), SpainKhaled Sassi, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, TunisiaMahmoud Shehata Mahmoud, Alexandria University, EgyptManuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), PortugalMirela Kopjar, University of Osijek, CroatiaMohammad Valipour, Payame Noor University, IranMurtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, PakistanNehemie Tchinda Donfagsiteli, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, CameroonRabia Rehman, University of the Punjab, PakistanRoberto José Zoppolo, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (Uruguay), UruguaySilviu Beciu, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, RomaniaStefano Marino, University of Molise, ItalySubbu Kumarappan, Ohio State ATI, United StatesSuheb Mohammed, University of Virginia, United StatesTunde Akim Omokanye, Agricultural Research and Extension Council of Alberta (ARECA), CanadaWei Wang, Vanderbilt University, United States
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Zouabi, Oussama. "The effects of future climate change shocks on macroeconomic aggregates via agricultural production in Tunisia: A dynamic general equilibrium analysis." Environmental Economics 12, no. 1 (May 5, 2021): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.12(1).2021.05.
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This study aims to analyze the direct and indirect impact of future climate changes on agricultural production and macroeconomic aggregates. A dynamic general equilibrium model of the Tunisian economy has been developed, which takes into account the effects of future climate shocks from 2020 to 2050 to assess the impact of future climate change on agricultural production and macroeconomic aggregates. The model is used to simulate various scenarios. The results of the climate shock simulations clearly show that long-term citrus fruits production is showing remarkable declines in the most citrus-producing governorates following a significant drop in water level in dams and level of groundwater table. In turn, cereals are the plants most affected by the long-term reduction in rainfall. As for the olive production, it would show a decline reaching –1.263% between 2020 and 2024 in the level of its production following reduction in rainfall. From a macro-economic point of view, climate change will result in the short- and long-term in a deterioration of certain quantities, notably household consumption, entrepreneurial investment, and the unemployment rate, which decreases by –0.139% between 2031 and 2040. These results underline the need for a long-term agricultural policy to reduce or limit the economic and social consequences of climate change and support economic development.
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조성제 and 박현희. "A Review of International Agricultural Cooperations between Korea and Tunisia." Journal of Eurasian Studies 6, no. 2 (June 2009): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31203/aepa.2009.6.2.001.
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Hill, Jennifer, and Wendy Woodland. "Contrasting water management techniques in Tunisia: towards sustainable agricultural use." Geographical Journal 169, no. 4 (December 2003): 342–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0016-7398.2003.00098.x.
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Siskos, Y., D. K. Despotis, and M. Ghediri. "Multiobjective modelling for regional agricultural planning: Case study in Tunisia." European Journal of Operational Research 77, no. 3 (September 1994): 375–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(94)90404-9.
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Dhehibi, Boubaker, and Lassaad Lachaal. "Empirical Evidence of Productivity Growth in Tunisian Agriculture: 1961?2000." African Development Review 18, no. 2 (September 2006): 248–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8268.2006.00141.x.
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Ben Chehida, Faten, Ana M. Lopes, João V. Côrte-Real, Soufien Sghaier, Rim Aouini, Lilia Messadi, and Joana Abrantes. "Multiple Introductions of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Lagovirus europaeus/GI.2 in Africa." Biology 10, no. 9 (September 8, 2021): 883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10090883.
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Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) causes high mortality and morbidity in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). In Africa, the presence of the causative agent, the rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), was first confirmed in 1992 (genotype Lagovirus europaeus/GI.1). In 2015, the new genotype Lagovirus europaeus/GI.2 (RHDV2/b) was detected in Tunisia. Currently, GI.2 strains are present in several North and Sub-Saharan African countries. Considerable economic losses have been observed in industrial and traditional African rabbitries due to RHDV. Like other RNA viruses, this virus presents high recombination rates, with the emergence of GI.2 being associated with a recombinant strain. Recombination events have been detected with both pathogenic (GI.1b and GII.1) and benign (GI.3 and GI.4) strains. We obtained complete genome sequences of Tunisian GI.2 strains collected between 2018 and 2020 and carried out phylogenetic analyses. The results revealed that Tunisian strains are GI.3P-GI.2 strains that were most likely introduced from Europe. In addition, the results support the occurrence of multiple introductions of GI.2 into Africa, stressing the need for characterizing complete genome sequences of the circulating lagoviruses to uncover their origin. Continued monitoring and control of rabbit trade will grant a better containment of the disease and reduce the disease-associated economic losses.
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Kbir-Ariguib, Najia, Dalila Ben Hassan Chehimi, and Lotfi Zayani. "Treatment of Tunisian salt lakes using solubility phase diagrams." Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, no. 5 (May 1, 2001): 761–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173050761.
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The Tunisian salt lakes are considered as an important materials resource useful for industry and agriculture. They are called sebkhat or chott, and they cover a large part of Tunisian land. Their brines correspond to the quinary system: Na+, K+, Mg2+ / Cl, SO42H2O. In the first part of this paper, a short description and abstracted geochemical and economical data about some Tunisian salt lakes are given. In the second part, the fitting equations used for modeling the quinary system are established and applied to the subsystems NaClKClH2O, NaClMgCl2H2O, KClMgCl2H2O, and to NaClNa2SO4H2 O, KClK2SO4H2 O, Na2SO4K2SO 4H2O. The coherence between the calculated and the experimental diagrams is discussed.
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Jouili, Tahar Ammar, and Mohamed Anis Allouche. "Impacts of Seaport Investment on the Economic Growth." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 28, no. 4 (August 30, 2016): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v28i4.1933.
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The aim of this paper is to estimate the impact of seaports investment on the economic growth. Seaports are seen by many governments as an important factor in the strengthening of the economies. During the last two decades, the Tunisian succeeding governments have been allocating a great amount of money to develop seaport infrastructures. However, the Tunisian economy witnessed fluctuations in the economic growth rates and decrease in the rate of employment during the same period of time. This study used an econometric model by employing the Cobb-Douglas production function. The sample was composed of Tunisia's economic sectors (manufacturing, services and agriculture) over the period 1983-2011. The results of the study show that the public investment in seaport infrastructures has apositive influence on Tunisian economic growth. The study also revealed that the biggest beneficiary from the seaport investment infrastructure is the service sector.
This paper aims to estimate the impact of seaports investment on the economic growth. The seaports are seen by many governments as an important factor in the strengthening of the economies. During the last two decades, the Tunisian succeeding governments were allocating a great amount of money to develop seaports' infrastructures. However, the Tunisian economy witnessed fluctuating in the economic growth rates and decreased in the rate of employment during the same period of time. This study used an econometric model by employing the Cobb-Douglas production function. The sample composed of Tunisia's economic sectors (manufacturing, services and agriculture) over the period 1983-2011. The results of the study show that the public investment in seaports' infrastructures has a positive influence on Tunisian economic growth. The study also revealed that the biggest beneficiary from the seaports investment infrastructure is the services sector.
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Elloumi, Mohamed. "Les terres domaniales en Tunisie." Études rurales, no. 192 (February 25, 2013): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/etudesrurales.9888.
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Arfa, Lamia, and Mohamed Elloumi. "La filière tomate de transformation à Haouaria en Tunisie : prédominance de la forme industrielle déterritorialisée." Cahiers Agricultures 30 (2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2021014.
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En Tunisie, la filière tomate de transformation joue un rôle majeur dans le développement socio-économique local de certains territoires. La plaine de Haouaria, région historiquement spécialisée dans cette production industrielle, connaît depuis les années 2010 un processus de déterritorialisation se traduisant en amont par une plus grande vulnérabilité des agriculteurs. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter les variables explicatives de ce processus. Pour ce faire, nous avons mobilisé le cadre conceptuel de l’approche filière. Notre démarche méthodologique s’est appuyée sur une recherche bibliographique et documentaire, des enquêtes de terrain auprès d’agriculteurs et de consommateurs, des entretiens avec les acteurs institutionnels et les industriels et enfin des focus groupes avec différentes parties prenantes de la filière. L’article analyse la structure et les mécanismes de régulation de la filière et estime le poids du territoire dans son développement. Nos résultats montrent que la structure de cette filière est dominée par la forme industrielle, avec des entreprises dont la production est peu diversifiée et est constituée principalement de double concentré de tomate, produit de base du modèle de consommation alimentaire tunisien. Cette structure se caractérise par une forte asymétrie de pouvoir ainsi qu’une répartition inégale de la valeur entre les acteurs économiques de la filière. Des mécanismes de régulations ont été développés par les acteurs économiques et l’État afin de s’adapter à diverses contraintes internes en amont, telles que la baisse de disponibilité en eau et la saturation du marché. Cette reconfiguration se traduit par une forte dépendance de cette filière à d’autres régions pour son développement. Finalement, il apparaît que la déterritorialisation de cette filière résulte des régulations internes et externes, alors que les actions de territorialisation (diversification des produits, reconnaissance par des dispositifs de labellisation, etc.) restent timides et ont du mal à se structurer.
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Faroqhi, Suraiya. "Agriculture and Rural Life in the Ottoman Empire (ca 1500-1878)." New Perspectives on Turkey 1 (1987): 3–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/s0896634600000042.
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When introducing this survey, it is necessary to say a word of justification about the time limits adopted. The year 1500 has been selected as an approximate starting point, because only during the reign of Sultan Bayezid II (1481-1512) do Ottoman tax registers become frequent enough to allow even approximate conclusions with respect to agricultural production. However when dealing with certain regions of the Empire, we need to adopt an even later starting point. After all, part of this paper deals with ‘Syria’ in the broad sense of the word, that is, the region bordering the eastern Mediterranean between Anatolia and Egypt; and this area was only conquered by the Ottomans in 1516. As to Tunisia, to which the present paper will also refer, this country only became part of the Ottoman Empire in 1533 or 1570.
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Jebali, Lassaad, and Anis Kacem. "Impact of fuel energy prices in Tunisia." International Journal of Energetica 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47238/ijeca.v3i1.62.
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The policy of subsidizing petroleum derivatives in Tunisia distorts the real prices of goods and services. It does not take care on environment. There is no serious fiscal policies to reduce pollution generated by energy products.The calculation of the correlation matrix between different macroeconomic aggregates does not give a negative effect of oil prices on national GDP. However, this result is serious, because the impact on economic (performance) is hidden, affecting first the general level of prices, unemployment and inflation. Instability of oil prices has no apparent impact. This fact and instability make many difficulties to manage prices and inflation after revolution. Impact on GDP passes through Economic Vulnerability Indicator (EVI) and agricultural sector.
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Ferjani, Raoudha, Ramona Marasco, Eleonora Rolli, Hanene Cherif, Ameur Cherif, Maher Gtari, Abdellatif Boudabous, Daniele Daffonchio, and Hadda-Imene Ouzari. "The Date Palm Tree Rhizosphere Is a Niche for Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in the Oasis Ecosystem." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/153851.
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In arid ecosystems environmental factors such as geoclimatic conditions and agricultural practices are of major importance in shaping the diversity and functionality of plant-associated bacterial communities. Assessing the influence of such factors is a key to understand (i) the driving forces determining the shape of root-associated bacterial communities and (ii) the plant growth promoting (PGP) services they provide. Desert oasis environment was chosen as model ecosystem where agriculture is possible by the microclimate determined by the date palm cultivation. The bacterial communities in the soil fractions associated with the root system of date palms cultivated in seven oases in Tunisia were assessed by culture-independent and dependent approaches. According to 16S rRNA gene PCR-DGGE fingerprinting, the shapes of the date palm rhizosphere bacterial communities correlate with geoclimatic features along a north-south aridity transect. Despite the fact that the date palm root bacterial community structure was strongly influenced by macroecological factors, the potential rhizosphere services reflected in the PGP traits of isolates screenedin vitrowere conserved among the different oases. Such services were exerted by the 83% of the screened isolates. The comparable numbers and types of PGP traits indicate their importance in maintaining the plant functional homeostasis despite the different environmental selection pressures.
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Paull, John. "Organics Olympiad 2016: Global Indices of Leadership in Organic Agriculture." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 7, no. 2 (July 6, 2016): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v7i2.1309.
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Organic production (including agriculture, wild culture, forestry and aquaculture) is a worldwide phenomenon that is practiced in at least 172 countries. The Organics Olympiad presents 14 indices of global organics leadership, each at three levels (Gold, Silver and Bronze). The Organics Olympiad of 2016 yields 29 countries as global organics leaders, and confirms that organics leadership is diversely distributed across countries, large and small, rich and poor, developed and less so, and cuts across linguistic, ethnic and cultural boundaries. Australia continues to lead the world in organic agriculture hectares. Australia also leads in the increase of organic hectares over the past four years (since the Organics Olympiad 2012) and in the number of WWOOF (Willing Workers on Organic Farms) hosts. Finlandleads in organic wild culture hectares. Vietnam leads in organic aquaculture hectares, and Tunisia leads in organic forest hectares. Germany leads in biodynamic hectares, as well as with the number of members of IFOAM-Organics International. India leads for the number of organic producers. The Falkland Islands (Malvinas) leads in terms of the percentage agricultural land dedicated as organic. Switzerland leads with the value of organics consumption per capita. USA leads in the value of the organics market. Denmark leads in the publishing of organics research papers over the past four years. Namibia leads in the percentage increase in organic hectares over the past four years. The overall global organics leaders, on the basis of aggregated scores, are Australia, Germany, and Switzerland, in positions one, two and three, respectively. This study demonstrates the successful global diffusion of organics, and identifies that leadership lessons can be available from a broad diversity of countries. Key implications are identified.