Academic literature on the topic 'Agriculture and state – Botswana'

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Journal articles on the topic "Agriculture and state – Botswana"

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Vossen, Paul. "Rainfall and Agricultural Production in Botswana." Afrika Focus 6, no. 2 (January 26, 1990): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-00602004.

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The interannual variability of traditional, rainfed agricultural production of Botswana, a country with a typical semi-arid climate, is almost completely accounted for by the quality of the rainy season. It appears that the variability of the national cattle death ratio, total planted area and crop yield are, for more than 95% accounted for by rainy season conditions. As a result, also the nutritional state of the population highly correlates with rainfall. Despite the severe droughts of 1978/79and1985/86, farmers were not discouraged to practice agriculture: in fact, crop production shows a significant positive time trend which becomes apparent, when the trend and the rainy season conditions are analysed in combination with each other. As part of this study, models were developed and validated for a precise and areawise agricultural rainy season quality monitoring and for national agricultural production forecasting in Botswana. One of these models could possibly also be used for the areawise assessment of risks for malnutrition of children under five years old.
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Matandare, Mufaro Andrew, Patricia Masego Makepe, Lekgatlhamang Setlhare, and Jonah Bajaki Tlhalefang. "Crop Production, Livestock Production and Economic Growth in Botswana (1990-2017): An Application of ARDL Model." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, no. 8 (September 3, 2021): 1500–1508. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i8.1500-1508.4325.

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There are few studies in Botswana which have examined the relationship between agriculture and economic growth. The uniqueness of this study is grounded in investigating disintegrated agriculture components into crop production and livestock production and investigating their nexus with economic growth. This study estimated the short and long term effects between crop production, livestock production and economic growth in Botswana for the period 1990 to 2017. The Auto-Regressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) bounds testing approach was employed to investigate the stated relationship. Study findings from the ARDL bound testing approach confirm evidence of a long-run equilibrium relationship between crop production, livestock production and economic growth. Results indicated that livestock production has a positive and significant impact on economic growth both in the short run and long run. On the other hand crop production has a positive and significant impact on economic growth only in the long run. Efforts towards supporting agricultural sector growth should be emphasized to promote agricultural sector productivity in a bid to forge a move away from dependence on imports of food in Botswana. To enhance economic growth, in both the short run and long run, the government of Botswana and all relevant stakeholders should invest in and promote livestock production. In the long term, policies that foster crop production are essential for economic growth.
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Bwalya, Kelvin Joseph. "Botswana's Novel Approaches for Knowledge-Based Economy Facilitation." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 2, no. 1 (January 2010): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jicthd.2010010104.

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The Vision 2016, which is a set of strategic plans desired to position Botswana at the completive edge of the socio-economic hierarchy in Africa, is being implemented with concerted efforts from both the private and the public sector, including ordinary citizens. One of the major motivations for drawing this strategy has been the desire to transform Botswana from a resource and industry-based (e.g. agriculture and diamond mining) to knowledge-based economy. This has come from the realisation that in order to compete favourably at a global scale, there is need to put in place efficient knowledge value chains. To this course, several initiatives have been devised and/or implemented by both the government and the public sector. This article surveys the fundamental concepts on which this paradigm shift is hinged and brings out the different issues, initiatives and policies (such as Information and Communications Technology development, nurturing of an appropriate human resource base by way of strategic human resource development plans, investment in intellectual capital, etc.) that have been done so far in Botswana. The article, however, does not claim that it offers a compendium of existing programs towards a knowledgebased economy initiated by Botswana. The article posits that although significant strides have been scored in Botswana’s efforts towards a knowledge-based economy, a lot more needs to be done if it were to compete favourably at an international stage.
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Lee, Joan. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 7, No. 1." Sustainable Agriculture Research 7, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v7n1p156.

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Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/reviewer and e-mail the completed application form to sar@ccsenet.org. Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 1Aftab Alam, Vice President Agriculture (R&D), Edenworks Inc. New York, United StatesAhmed Ghannam, University of Strasbourg, FranceAmor Slama, Science Faculty of Bizerte, TunisiaBed Mani Dahal, Kathmandu University, NepalBenedict Jonathan Kayombo, Botswana College of Agriculture, BotswanaBeye Amadou Moustapha, Rice Research Center, Cote d'IvoireCarlos Enrrik Pedrosa, Alis - Bom Despacho - MG, BrazilClara Ines Pardo Martinez, University of La Salle, ColombiaCristina Bianca Pocol, University of Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine of Cluj Napoca, RomaniaEntessar Mohammad Al JBawi, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, SyriaFrancesco Sunseri, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria - Italy, ItalyGema Parra, Universidad de Jaén, SpainInder Pal Singh, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University (GADVASU), IndiaJanakie Shiroma Saparamadu, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Sri LankaJiun-Yan Loh, UCSI University, MalaysiaKatarzyna Panasiewicz, Pozna? University of Life Sciences, Department of Agronomy, PolandManuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), PortugalMarcelo Augusto Gonçalves Bardi, Universidade Sao Francisco, BrazilMaren Langhof, Julius Kühn-Institut, GermanyMehmet Yagmur, Ahi Evran University, TurkeyMrutyunjay Swain, Sardar Patel University, IndiaMukantwali Christine, Rwanda Agriculture Board, RwandaMurtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, PakistanPelin Günç Ergönül, Celal Bayar University, TurkeyRaghuveer Sripathi, Advanta US, Inc., USARam Swaroop Jat, ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, IndiaRoberto José Zoppolo, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (Uruguay), UruguaySilviu Beciu, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, RomaniaStefano Marino, University of Molise, ItalySubbu Kumarappan, Ohio State ATI, United StatesSubhash Chand, Central Agricultural Research Institute CARI Port Blair, IndiaTenaw Workayehu, Hawassa Research Center, Southern Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Ethiopia
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Moatshe, Onkgolotse G., Vallantino E. Emongor, and Patrick K. Mashiqa. "Genotype Effect on Proximate and Mineral Analysis of Safflower as a Green Leafy Vegetable." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 11 (October 15, 2020): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n11p260.

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Two field trials were carried out at the Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources Content Farm (59o24′S, 95o25′E and 993 m above sea level) in Southern Region of Botswana, to evaluate the effects of genotypes on proximate and mineral composition of safflower leaves. Five safflower genotypes (Kiama composite (local), Sina-PI-537598, Gila-PI-537692, PI-537636 and PI-527710) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. During the rosette stage safflower leaves (both petiole and blade) were harvested, dried, and ground for analysis. The results showed that safflower genotypes significantly varied in the leaf proximate content of crude protein (24-28%), crude fibre (8-14%), moisture content (86-87%) and dry matter content (13-14%) in both winter and summer growing seasons. The genotype ‘Sina’ had the highest crude fibre content compared to other genotypes. The average leaf mineral content significantly (p < 0.05) varied from 2-3 mg g-1 phosphorus, 3-4 mg g-1 calcium, 5-6 mg g-1 sodium, 15-17 mg g-1 magnesium and 15-18 mg g-1 potassium. The Na:K and Ca:P ratios ranged between 0.18 and 3.41. All the safflower genotypes evaluated had sufficient nutritional content to be used as a green leafy vegetable for human consumption and food security.
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Gupta, A. Clare. "Elephants, safety nets and agrarian culture: understanding human-wildlife conflict and rural livelihoods around Chobe National Park, Botswana." Journal of Political Ecology 20, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v20i1.21766.

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Resolving conflict between agricultural livelihoods and wildlife conservation requires a sophisticated understanding of both wildlife ecology and human livelihood decision-making. This case study extends the literature on human-wildlife conflict in Africa by using a political ecology framework to understand how and why farmers in areas of high wildlife disturbance make their farming decisions, and how their strategies are affected by a broader socio-political context that includes, but is not restricted to, wildlife conservation policy. Specifically, this article chronicles the livelihood strategies of smallholder farmers in a village on the edge of Chobe National Park in northern Botswana. This is a place where the state has prioritized wildlife conservation but also supports residents' livelihoods. Because of disturbance from wildlife, especially elephants, protected under conservation law, agricultural production in Chobe is becoming increasingly challenging, even as the government increases its agricultural subsidies and support to small farmers. This results in unexpected farming strategies that reflect the interactive effects of conservation policy and other relevant macro-economic policies that structure the livelihood strategies of rural communities living near protected areas. Future human-wildlife conflict studies must take into account these multi-scalar and multi-dimensional dynamics in order to accurately explain the livelihood strategies of people living in wildlife-populated areas, so that appropriate conservation and development policies can be designed.Keywords: Botswana, wildlife conservation, rural livelihoods, human-wildlife conflict, political ecology
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Ranganai, Rubeni Tawanda, Moikwathai Moidaki, and James G. King. "Magnetic Susceptibility of Soils from Eastern Botswana: A Reconnaissance Survey and Potential Applications." Journal of Geography and Geology 7, no. 4 (December 2, 2015): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jgg.v7n4p45.

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<p class="zhengwen">Soil magnetic properties measurements are relatively fast and inexpensive but have been proved to be sufficient for preliminary investigations in diverse socio-developmental issues. This paper presents results of a reconnaissance study of soil colour and magnetic susceptibility (c) in eastern Botswana, where ~80% of the population resides. The work is a first step to creating a database of rock and soil magnetic properties and to document spatial variations in magnetic properties in the country. These measurements are important as constraints for interpretation of available aeromagnetic data and can also be exploited for environmental soil research (pollution) and land-use planning (agriculture). The soils sampled include derivatives of varying types and provenance such as Archean gneissic granitoids, metamorphosed rocks (granulites), volcano-sedimentary assemblages, Karoo basalts, and alluvial sediments. A soil colour chart was used since soil colours and magnetic properties are diagnostic of its parent rock sources and weathering profiles. Soil magnetic susceptibilities were measured at both low frequency (0.46 MHz, clf) and high frequency (4.6 MHz, chf), thus allowing calculation of frequency-dependent susceptibility (cfd, cfd%) for detecting ultra-fine ferromagnetic minerals.</p>It was found that soils with Hues ranging from 7.5YR to 10YR have appreciable amount of magnetic materials and soils with Hues of 2.5YR are generally nonmagnetic. The results of soil magnetic susceptibility profiles show spatial variation closely related to the variation in basement rocks, which provides excellent evidence that the magnetic susceptibility variation reflects basement rocks or bedrock composition (soil parent material). In relation to the Botswana physiographic units, soils from the hardveld (Precambrian) show the highest susceptibilities, followed by those from the sandveld, with the lowest values being from the alluvial. The frequency dependent magnetic susceptibilities indicate the presence of ultra-fine super-paramagnetic minerals such as magnetite/maghemite. It is suggested that a systematic and continuous programme of rock and soil magnetic measurements would benefit various socio-economic and development priority sectors of Botswana. This also applies to many developing countries in Africa where soil physics and measurement of soil susceptibility in particular, is generally still at an embryonic stage.
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Selvey, Hannah, Andrew Doll, and Jeff Stephenson. "Exploring Skeletal Preparation Techniques: Recuration of Botswana Mammals from a 1969 Expedition Using TergazymeTM." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 15, 2018): e26185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26185.

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We explored the efficiency of TergazymeTM bone cleaning techniques to recurate mammalian skeletal material from a 1969 expedition to Botswana, in Southern Africa. Mr. J.D. Putnam and colleagues shot and killed over 400 specimens during this expedition, bringing them back as trophies. These skeletal materials and skins of these specimens have remained in the collections at Denver Museum of Nature and Science (DMNS), after haphazard preparation with pesticides such as dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) and negligent soft tissue removal. Many of the skulls and post-cranial materials are coated with dessicated muscle and other connective tissues, including cartilage around the turbinate bones, and most of the soft tissue remains on the surface of the hard palate. These materials continue to emit noxious fumes permeating even the protective archival plastic and cardboard within which they had been temporarily stored. Recuration of these specimens needs to consider the safety of the preparator and other volunteers, and the fragile state of skull and post-cranial materials in DDT for nearly five decades. TergazymeTM is a concentrated detergent used to remove protein and other biological tissues from medical instruments (Alconox, Inc. 2006). This detergent isauthorized by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), biodegradable, and uses a protease enzyme from the bacterial organism Bacillus licheniformis, which produces enzymes commonly used for industrial purposes. Though TergazymeTM is widely used at a dilution of 1:100, for cleaning medical instruments, we found that an aqueous solution with smaller dilution factors combined with heat and manual agitation (using a stirring rod or other circulating tool) was able to soften the tough dessicated tissues from skulls and post-cranial materials of many different specimens. We removed elements from the macerating solution approximately every two to five days (depending on size) and used dental tools and brushes, rinsing with water, to complete the cleaning of the bones. Throughout the summer of 2017, we cleaned and recurated osteological materials from a dozen specimens, including the groups Acinonyx, Crocuta, Genetta, Hyaena, Ichneumia, Lycaon, Panthera, and Proteles. Besides the benefit of making these materials available and safe for researchers to use, this project revealed pre-mortem bone pathologies in a lion Panthera leo that were previously invisible under dessicated flesh. In addition to their physical availability, digital before and after images will be made available via collection management information system, Arctos. Discoveries such as these can also be compared to more recent specimens for longitudinal pathological studies.
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Allen, W. R. "Ovulation, pregnancy, placentation and husbandry in the African elephant ( Loxodonta africana )." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1469 (March 21, 2006): 821–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1831.

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The African elephant reproduces so efficiently in the wild that overpopulation is now a serious problem in some game parks in Zimbabwe, Botswana and South Africa. The female reaches puberty between 10 and 12 years of age in the wild and, when in captivity, shows oestrous cycles of 14–15 weeks duration. She readily conceives a singleton in the wild yet her uterus has the capacity for twins. She shows a gestation length of 22 months and, in the wild, shows a population density and feed dependent intercalving interval of 4–8 years. The trophoblast erodes the lumenal epithelium of the endometrium and stimulates upgrowths of blood vessel-containing stromal villi, which develop eventually into the broad, tightly folded lamellae of the zonary, endotheliochorial placenta. Significant quantities of leaked maternal erythrocytes and ferric iron are phagocytosed by specialized trophoblast cells in the haemophagous zones at the lateral edges of the placental band. Although the placenta itself is endocrinologically inert, the foetal gonads, which enlarge greatly during the second half of pregnancy can synthesize 5α-dihydryoprogesterone and other 5α pregnane derivatives from cholesterol and pregnenolone. These products may synergize with progestagens secreted by the 2–8 large corpora lutea which are always present in the maternal ovaries throughout gestation to maintain the pregnancy state.
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Mayende, Peter G. "Bureaucrats and rural development policy: Agriculture in Botswana." Development Southern Africa 11, no. 4 (November 1994): 495–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768359408439768.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agriculture and state – Botswana"

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Kgosikoma, Onkokame Gladys. "Agricultural support programs in Botswana : a case study of the Botswana Young Framers Fund (YFF) programme." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97341.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In an effort to reduce its dependency on mining, (since independence at 1966) the successive governments of Botswana (GoB) have continued to foster national development by diversifying the country’s economy, with agribusiness development strategies at the forefront of discussions. Over decades, a significant number of policies on agri-support have been developed towards this mission. Nevertheless, the performance of the sector continues to decline considerably. Despite its potential to promote and develop small-scale farmers, literature on agri-support programmes has indicated that without scrutiny and continuous evaluation of the programmes in place, the strategy can be another way of which governments lose money. This study examines the Botswana Young Farmers Fund programme that finances aspiring young farmers to start up or expand their agri projects. More particularly, the study investigates how this model in the context of young farmers, impacts and contribute to the development of the agricultural sector in Botswana. The study identified challenges and opportunities of the YFF programme. The major challenge which is also applicable to the general sector, identified by the case study suggests that the agricultural environment in Botswana is fragile, therefore seeks relevant agribusiness development strategies that are tailor-made for specific challenges faced by the sector.
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Van, der Merwe Sarel Johannes. "The impact of pastoral farming and wildlife management practices on lion-livestock interactions in the Kgalagadi-South region of Botswana." Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/118.

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Thesis (D. Tech.) - Central University of Technology, Free State, 2009
All over the African continent south of the Sahara Desert, African lion numbers are plummeting to levels where, over large areas of their remaining distribution range, extinction has become a real threat. The main reason for the decreasing numbers is the increasing conflict between livestock farmers and lions. Lions are forced to kill livestock where their natural prey has been squeezed out by livestock and associated farming practices, and the farmers find it necessary to protect their livelihoods, often through the indiscriminate killing of lions. In the Kgalagadi-South region of Botswana, lion/livestock interactions present a challenge to livestock owners and wildlife managers alike. The relatively low ecological carrying capacity and occupied lion habitats in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (KTP) force some expelled young adult and sub-adult lions southwards into the adjoining Wildlife Management Area (WMA) KD/15, which separates the KTP and the communal grazing area. This WMA most likely also contains resident prides. Some of these predators sporadically enter the livestock grazing area. Similarly, large stock often enters the WMA. It is mostly these boundary transgressions that result in livestock killing, and the reaction of livestock owners often leads to the killing of lions. To gather information concerning the nature and extent of the situation, two questionnaires were prepared with the assistance of the Department of Biostatistics of the University of the Free State, South Africa. One questionnaire targeted livestock owners while the other was aimed at wildlife officials of the Department of Wildlife and National Parks in Botswana and SANParks in South Africa. Both covered the five-year period 2002-2006. A trial run was carried out to adjust to problem-specific circumstances before fieldwork commenced. Fieldwork was done during four consecutive seasons – in January, February, April and December 2007. Thirty livestock respondents and 13 wildlife officials were interviewed during the first two excursions into the study area. The third visit was to plot the cut-line between the WMA and the grazing area (by means of a Global Positioning System or GPS) and to make first-hand observations regarding movement over the cut-line. During all four visits the environmental (including grazing) conditions and density and distribution of wildlife and stock were observed in both the WMA and the grazing areas. The information gathered points towards a seemingly unsolvable situation. The exceptionally high daytime temperatures and food scarcity, brought about by erratic rainfall, overgrazing near boreholes, generally low carrying capacity and low phosphorus (P) levels, force large stock, i.e. cattle, horses, donkeys and mules, to graze far away from the safety of the cattle-posts during the cool hours of the night, thus making kraaling impractical. Such circumstances enhance exposure to lion predation especially in or near the WMA and the KTP fence. Some lions also penetrate deep into the grazing areas, especially in the arid western part of the study area. This study revealed certain weaknesses in current wildlife and livestock management practices in the study area, the sum of which put both farmers and the lion population under extreme pressure. Most of these shortcomings can be rectified without drastic invasive methods. Such adjustments can result in improved livestock and wildlife utilisation and protection of the lions. For example: the placement of mixed phosphorus and salt licks near cattle-posts to fulfil the need for vital micro and macro elements; addressing unnecessary livestock losses, which contribute to a lower income and less tolerance towards predation (e.g. botulism, which may stem from stock chewing on bones in their desire for more phosphorus, and losses to black-backed jackal, Canis mesomelas, in poorly maintained kraals); more drinking troughs at boreholes to prevent unnecessary shoving and minimise energy waste; and the introduction of more bulls to herds to increase the calving percentage. The study further concluded that there is little reason why stockowners should consider protecting lions. It suggests that significant value can be added to the wildlife (and the protection of lions) in the specific area by making farmers and other local residents share in the relatively untapped ecotourism potential of the area.
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bw, mrammola@bca, and Mogadime Rammolai. "The Image of Agriculture Education in Botswana." Murdoch University, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090722.110138.

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This study examines agricultural education in Botswana among students and teachers. Since independence in 1966 to the present time, agricultural production has declined from about 40 percent to about 3 percent. Harsh climatic conditions and a general ignorance about agriculture contribute to the restricted perception of agriculture and careers in this field. Individual and focus group interviews were conducted with agricultural teachers who had resigned and former graduates in four secondary schools and three postsecondary educational institutions (Botswana College of Agriculture, University of Botswana, and Tonota College of Education). Negative, positive and mixed images emerged that revealed some similar and some contradictory perceptions of agriculture education. The attrition of teachers also attracted attention because of their working conditions and their images of agricultural teaching. However, the phenomenon of teacher attrition is not unique to agriculture. Students and teachers had conflicting images concerning curriculum instruction. Teachers identified the inadequacy of practicals because students are unable to apply the theoretical knowledge they have acquired to satisfy the various skills required in their new jobs. On the other hand, students perceived practicals as misdirected intensive labour. Non-agricultural tertiary students demonstrated that they do not have a full understanding of the potential career opportunities that agriculture can provide. They often thought that agriculture was confined to ploughing and food production. Nevertheless, both agricultural students and non-agricultural students agreed that agriculture could be a good career that they might consider later in their lives. Participants in the study suggested strategies to enhance the poor perception of agriculture education in educational institutions in Botswana. One strategy was for curriculum reform, such that agriculture teaching should reinforce practicals that are relevant to students’ needs. Practical instruction should not be used as intensive manual labour but should be used to target specific skills that are needed in industry. Agriculture teaching should start at primary school so that pupils can develop a positive image towards agriculture education at a young age, at the age of seven students could be involved in simple experiments conducted in laboratories, then at eleven years students can start practicals in the garden, making sure not to overwork the pupils. Through career guidance and counselling, agricultural teachers should broaden the limited perception that agriculture is simply food production and expand the field to its scientific and commercial careers, such as food processing and marketing. Even though the Ministry of Agriculture provides some incentives to farmers, they misappropriate the schemes. Access to loans has to be provided for students who have completed their studies and cannot find jobs so that they can also join the field of production. Even though women are dominated by men in both agriculture and in education and food production in Botswana, this trend is changing; there are more female enrolments in agricultural educational institutions than males. The government is trying to create an equitable distribution of resources for women as well. The position of women in Botswana is better than what literature has revealed in sub Saharan Africa.
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Rammolai, Mogadime Lepokane. "The image of agriculture education in Botswana /." Murdoch University Digital Theses Program, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090722.110138.

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Bell, Jessica. "UA and Soviets Join to Help Botswana." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295676.

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Molosiwa, Russ. "Reporting Africa : between the Basarwa and the Botswana state." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3576.

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Griffore, Anne. "Beyond Diamonds: Embedding the Post-Colonial State in Botswana." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28660.

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This study examines Botswana's resource based development course within the framework of developmental state theory. Botswana's path to growth and development challenges existing theories in development studies in that it has avoided the many facets of the natural resource curse, which has set the majority of Africa's resource abundant economies on a path of long-term economic underperformance and low levels of social development. What is most remarkable however, is that growth and development have advanced in Botswana with inclusion of its tribal associations into a modern state bureaucracy while maintaining stable state-society relations - a feat that has been largely unmatched by other countries in the in the developing world. This study will argue in line with the developmental state ethos, that growth and development have occurred in this Botswana as the result of the deliberate actions taken by the government to embed a post-colonial state in Batswana society in ways that have enabled the central government to engage in economic and social development projects and to construct the institutions necessary to realize its development aspirations. This has not only been apparent in the undertakings of the administration to attract and collaborate with international capital, but also in its efforts to mediate between various interest groups and create the institutional framework necessary to enable positive-sum state-society relations under democratic principles.
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Mogende, Emmanuel. "Africa's ‘miracle state'? the intersection of political leaders and non-state actors in the greening of Botswana through wildlife." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32814.

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The premise of the thesis is that attention to the processes that produce the green state opens up avenues for analysing African states from the perspective of the green state. This study engages the theory of the green state within the African context to understand the complex processes that enabled the greening of the state in Botswana. I draw on the example of wildlife conservation policies and practices in post-independence Botswana to argue that the greening of the state entails processes by which the state interacts with non-state actors to enact environmental reforms over a long period of time. Such interaction maybe initiated by the state or by non-state actors who are determined to pursue an environmental agenda or to implement environmental strategies through organs of the state. To account for the processes that enable the greening of Botswana, the study employed an interpretive approach that is dependent on qualitative data. The study primarily draws from archival research and key informant interviews with academics, environmental consultants, representatives of civil society, relevant government departments and ministries, the private sector in Botswana's tourism, and an interview with former President Ian Khama. To understand the greening processes, the thesis analysed the qualitative data between 1966 and 2018. These historical periods cover the presidency of Seretse Khama (1966 – 1980), Ketumile Masire (1980 – 1998), Festus Mogae (1998 – 2008) and Ian Khama (2008 – 2018). The four key findings of the study are that, first, the collaboration between authorities in Botswana and international agencies and actors enabled the greening of Botswana. These agencies and actors, financed environmental related programmes, facilitated the development of green institutions, and influenced the country's conservation policies. Second, the study demonstrates that political leadership is instrumental in the greening of Botswana. The four presidencies paid attention to environmental protection though there were variations in each presidency. The presidency of Ian Khama stands out as an important period in greening of the state as he strengthened the greening process by realigning the wildlife economy with political power. Third, the study found that the greening process necessitates the internal restructuring of the state through the establishment of green institutions, which serve to realign state activities with the green agenda. Fourth and lastly, the study reveals that the greening of the state in Botswana is accompanied by negative state-citizen relations in the wildlife sector. These relations played out through the marginalization of the local people in the ecotourism enterprise within the context of community-based natural resource management initiative.
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Morupisi, Joseph. "Women farmers' representation in Botswana Agrinews Magazine." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6567.

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The Government of Botswana recognises the important role that women can play in the economic development of the country, particularly in the agricultural sector, with respect to food security at both household and national levels. The study sought to investigate how women in agriculture are represented in the Botswana Agrinews Magazine. Moreover, it sought to establish whether, and how, messages conveyed to audience by the Botswana Agrinews Magazine promote any type of social or economic interaction between farming communities, individuals and/or government and other stakeholders. The sources of data were the articles that reported on women farmers from the sample of the Botswana Agrinews Magazine, over 24 months, that is, from January 2012 to December 2013. This magazine under study is a government publication targeting the broad Botswana farming community. Critical discourse analysis revealed that women farmers participated in events associated with commercial horticultural farming, dry land farming (field crop production), in the arable farming sector, at Consumer Fairs and Regional Agricultural shows for Commercial Farmers respectively, as well as in pastoral farming sector events at Agricultural shows. They also participated in the arable farming sector agricultural activities for commercial horticultural farmers and those for subsistence dry land farming. Furthermore, the results revealed that women farmers encountered constraints in the different ventures, they undertook in both arable and pastoral farming. However, the reports showed that they received support from the government and/or other stakeholders to counteract their constraints. Furthermore, the analysis identified the coverage on the themes of (1) arable farming, (2) pastoral farming, (3) integrated farming, and (4) attitudes of both women in agriculture and Ministry of Agriculture workers, which promoted women farmers’ participation in the agricultural sector.
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Ketlhoilwe, Mphemelang Joseph. "Genesis of environmental education policy in Botswana : construction and interpretation /." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/908/.

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Books on the topic "Agriculture and state – Botswana"

1

Hermann, Dick, ed. Food security and macroeconomic stabilization: A case study of Botswana, 1965-1984. Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr (P. Siebeck), 1987.

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Mazonde, Isaac Ncube. Women and food security in rural Botswana. Arlington, VA: Winrock International, 1998.

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Tebicke, Haile Lul. Research environment in Botswana: A study of the state and conditions of experimental research in the agricultural, engineering, life and physical sciences in Botswana. Stockholm: SAREC, 1988.

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Agricultural, Policy Consultative Conference (1990 Gaborone Botswana). Report of the Agricultural Policy Consultative Conference: Which was held at Gaborone Sun, Botswana from May 28th to June 1st, 1990. [Gaborone] Botswana: Ministry of Agriculture, 1990.

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Børhaug, Kjetil. Politics, administration, and agricultural development: The case of Botswana's Accelerated Rainfed Arable Programme. Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute, Dept. of Social Science and Development, 1992.

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Botswana. Botswana's agricultural policy: Critical sectoral issues and future strategy for development. Gaborone, Botswana: The Ministry, 1991.

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Chilisa, E. Botswana's agricultural policy: Critical sectoral issues and future strategy for development : May 28th-June 1st 1990 : role of financial institutions, from NDB's perspective. [Gaborone?]: National Development Bank, Republic of Botswana, 1990.

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Kerapeletswe, C. K. Progress and impact assessment of the Arable Lands Development Programme: ALDEP, 1982-1992 (ten years). [Gaborone]: Socio-Economic Monitoring and Evaluation Unit, Division of Agricultural Planning and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, 1992.

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Kerapeletswe, C. K. Ten years of the Arable Lands Development Programme (ALDEP 1982-92). [Gaborone]: Socio-Economic Monitoring and Evaluation Unit, Division of Planning and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, 1992.

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Botswana. Science and technology policy for Botswana. Gaborone]: Ministry of Finance and Development Planning, Govt. of Botswana, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Agriculture and state – Botswana"

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Harvey, Charles, and Stephen R. Lewis. "Agriculture." In Policy Choice and Development Performance in Botswana, 67–105. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20413-7_5.

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Selolwane, Onalenna Doo. "Statecraft in Botswana: Renegotiating Development, Legitimacy, and Authority." In Reconstituting the State in Africa, 33–74. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230606944_2.

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Johnson, D. Gale. "Present State of Disarray." In World Agriculture in Disarray, 32–54. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21248-4_3.

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Singh, P. K., Anand Kumar, and Ravi Ranjan Kumar. "Genetic Improvement of Major Cereals in Prospect to Bihar State." In Sustainable Agriculture, 3–37. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429325830-2.

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Bilanchyn, Yaroslav, Oksana Tsurkan, Mykola Tortyk, Volodymyr Medinets, Andriy Buyanovskiy, Inna Soltys, and Sergiy Medinets. "Post-irrigation State of Black Soils in South-Western Ukraine." In Regenerative Agriculture, 303–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72224-1_27.

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Nierenberg, Danielle. "Agriculture: Growing Food—and Solutions." In State of the World 2013, 190–200. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-458-1_17.

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Martin, John. "The Role of the State." In The Development of Modern Agriculture, 67–93. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230599963_4.

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Guzev, Mikhail M., Marina V. Ledeneva, Anna A. Trukhlyaeva, and Natalya A. Mishura. "Smart Technologies in Agriculture." In "Smart Technologies" for Society, State and Economy, 1573–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59126-7_172.

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Niizeki, M., S. Nakajo, R. Ishikawa, T. Harada, and K. Saito. "Molecular State in Somatic Hybrids among Gramineous and Leguminous Species." In Biotechnology in Agriculture, 332–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1779-1_61.

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Polonini, Hudson C., and Roberta Brayner. "Nanoecotoxicology: The State of the Art." In Nanotechnologies in Food and Agriculture, 301–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14024-7_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Agriculture and state – Botswana"

1

Speshilova, N. V., and V. V. Hramova. "Agriculture of the Orenburg region: state and development trends." In SCIENCE OF RUSSIA: TARGETS AND GOALS. "Science of Russia", 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-08-2019-20.

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Palagin, O., V. Romanov, I. Galelyuka, V. Velichko, and V. Hrusha. "Data acquisition systems of plants' state in precision agriculture." In 2011 IEEE 6th International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (IDAACS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idaacs.2011.6072702.

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John D. Harrison, Dallen R. Smith, and Aditya Toney. "Utah State University Cooperative Extenison Agriculture Environmental Management System." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.17038.

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Filina, Ya A. "The use of automated weather stations in agriculture." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-150-1.

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The article is devoted to the use of local weather stations in agriculture. The set of automated meteorological stations and sensors for monitoring the state of agricultural crops is considered. The advantages and disadvantages of their use are highlighted. Some examples of data processing and storage are given.
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Danilova, A. A., N. A. Yurina, D. A. Yurin, and E. A. Maksim. "Aquaponic system as a promising direction of agriculture." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/09.09.2019.12.

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Rogov, I. E., L. N. Ananchenko, I. A. Kasyanov, A. N. Bolotin, and K. F. Kalmykova. "PROSPECTS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS OF POWERFUL ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN AGRICULTURE." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS Volume 2. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.2.98-101.

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The article deals with the problems of powerful electromagnetic fields and electromagnetic compatibility in the electric power industry. The purpose of the study is to analyze modern systems and methods for minimizing powerful electromagnetic fields in the electric power industry. The analysis of modern systems and assessment of the electromagnetic environment at the energy facility will make it possible to develop and implement upgrades that increase the security of the object.
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Serbulova, N. M., S. V. Kanurny, D. A. Lebedev, O. V. Kargin, and A. I. Morozenko. "THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS Volume 2. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.2.121-124.

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Digitalization is one of the most important transformational processes in world agriculture and food production and sale systems. The paper considers the contribution of information and communication technologies (ICT) to the transition to sustainable agriculture. Particular attention is paid to precision agriculture as a food production model that integrates many ICTs. The paper also discusses some disadvantages of ICT and factors limiting their use in agriculture.
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Ambourn, Angie. "Perspectives of a state Department of Agriculture on data sharing." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.107265.

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Halanets, Volodymyr, and Yurii Dziurakh. "State support of agriculture in Ukraine: innovation and investment aspects." In International Youth Science Forum “Litteris et Artibus”. Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/lea2018.01.107.

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Lavrentiev, A. A., N. V. Limarenko, N. V. Paniotov, and E. V. Morozov. "ANALYSIS OF CIRCUIT SOLUTIONS FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY OF ELECTRONIC DEVICES IN AGRICULTURE." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.647-650.

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The issues of electromagnetic compatibility are considered. Methods for minimizing interference such as: varying the operating properties of the operated electronic devices, as well as promising circuit solutions for minimizing electromagnetic interference in electronic devices of various applications from automation systems of agricultural processes to radio-electronic equipment. The main engineering methods for ensuring electromagnetic compatibility are considered, the author's classification categorizing the types of interference and their characteristics is performed.
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Reports on the topic "Agriculture and state – Botswana"

1

Tranel, Larry F. Tri-State Agriculture Lenders Seminar, 2017. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-306.

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Hristov, A. N., J. M. F. Johnson, C. W. Rice, M. E. Brown, R. T. Conant, S. J. Del Grosso, N. P. Gurwick, et al. Chapter 5: Agriculture. Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report. Edited by N. Cavallaro, G. Shrestha, M. A. Mayes, R. Najjar, S. Reed, P. Romero-Lankao, and Z. Zhu. U.S. Global Change Research Program, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7930/soccr2.2018.ch5.

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Libecap, Gary. The Great Depression and the Regulating State: Federal Government Regulation of Agriculture: 1884-1970. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5986.

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van Wassenaer, Lan, Mireille van Hilten, Marcel van Asseldonk, and Erik van Ingen. Applying blockchain to climate action in agriculture : State of play and outlook : background paper. Wageningen: Wageningen Economic Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/532926.

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Buiteveld, J., P. Copini, and C. M. A. Hendriks. Conservation and sustainable use of Forest Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture : country report of the Netherlands for the Second State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Wageningen: Wageningen University & Research, Centre for Genetic Resources (CGN), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/550632.

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Solaun, Kepa, Gerard Alleng, Adrián Flores, Chiquita Resomardono, Katharina Hess, and Helena Antich. State of the Climate Report: Suriname. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003398.

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Suriname is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Among the factors that exacerbate its vulnerability are its dependency on fossil fuels, the degradation of important ecosystems (e.g., mangroves), and the fact that 87% of the population, and most of the countrys economic activity is located within the low-lying coastal area. Many sectors are at risk of suffering losses and damage caused by gradual changes and extreme events related to climate change. For Suriname to develop sustainably, it should incorporate climate change and its effects into its decision-making process based on scientific- evidence. The State of the Climate Report analyzes Surinames historical climate (1990-2014) and provides climate projections for three time horizons (2020-2044, 2045-2069, 2070-2094) through two emissions scenarios (intermediate/ SSP2-4.5 and severe/ SSP5-8.5). The analysis focuses on changes in sea level, temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, and winds for the seven subnational locations of Paramaribo, Albina, Bigi Pan MUMA, Brokopondo, Kwamalasamutu, Tafelberg Natural Reserve, and Upper Tapanahony. The Report also analyzes climate risk for the countrys ten districts by examining the factors which increase their exposure and vulnerability on the four most important sectors affected by climate change: infrastructure, agriculture, water, and forestry, as well as examining the effects across the sectors. The State of the Climate Report provides essential inputs for Suriname to develop and update its climate change policies and targets. These policies and targets should enable an adequate mainstreaming of climate change adaptation and resilience enhancementinto day-to-day government operations. It is expected that the Report will catalyze similar efforts in the future to improve decision-making by providing science-based evidence.
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Solaun, Kepa, Chiquita Resomardono, Katharina Hess, Helena Antich, Gerard Alleng, and Adrián Flores. State of the Climate Report: Suriname: Summary for Policy Makers. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003415.

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Several factors contribute to Surinames particular vulnerability to the effects of climate change. It is dependent on fossil fuels, has forests liable to decay, fragile ecosystems, and its low-lying coastal area accounts for 87% of the population and most of the countrys economic activity. Many sectors are at risk of suffering losses and damage caused by gradual changes and extreme events related to climate change. For Suriname to develop sustainably, it should incorporate climate change and its effects into its decision-making process based on scientific- evidence. The State of the Climate Report analyzes Surinames historical climate (1990-2014) and provides climate projections for three time horizons (2020-2044, 2045-2069, 2070-2094) through two emissions scenarios (intermediate/ SSP2-4.5 and severe/ SSP5-8.5). The analysis focuses on changes in sea level, temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, and winds for the seven subnational locations of Paramaribo, Albina, Bigi Pan MUMA, Brokopondo, Kwamalasamutu, Tafelberg Natural Reserve, and Upper Tapanahony. The Report also analyzes climate risk for the countrys ten districts by examining the factors which increase their exposure and vulnerability on the four most important sectors affected by climate change: infrastructure, agriculture, water, and forestry, as well as examining the effects across the sectors. The State of the Climate provides essential inputs for Suriname to develop and update its climate change policies and targets. These policies and targets should serve as enablers for an adequate mainstreaming of climate change adaptation and resilience enhancement into day-to-day government operations.
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Warner, Benjamin, and Rachel Schattman. Farming the floodplain: overcoming tradeoffs to achieve good river governance in New England. USDA Northeast Climate Hub, May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2017.6949553.ch.

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The goal of this case is for students to learn through the development of a sustainable river governance plan for Massachusetts focused on balancing needs and perspectives on local agriculture, flood resilience, and healthy ecosystems in the context of climate change. This will be challenging. Ideally, a river governance plan developed by the students would support local agriculture, increase flood resilience, and promote environmental stewardship. A role-playing exercise is included in this case that involves representatives of several stakeholders groups (personas assumed by a subset of students); these include a farmer, a fisher/recreationalist, a state river manager, an environmentalist, and a resident. The students will learn about the goals of a stakeholder to discuss with the others, negotiate with them, find ways to resolve conflicts and finally to create a governance plan.
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Beverinotti, Javier, Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza, and Alejandro Puerta. Understanding the Growth of the Middle Class in Bolivia. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003407.

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In this paper we aim to disentangle how sectoral economic growth affects the growth of the middle class size using state-level data of Bolivia from 2000 to 2017, a country with limited data, breaking the three main economic activities into subsectors aiming for more specific results. By means of a Bayesian hierarchical longitudinal model for small samples, we find that the commerce and services sectors have the biggest impact, even though mining and agriculture also have a positive effect on the increase of the middle class in Bolivia. Our results also suggest that both formality and public social investment have a significant, yet smaller, effect.
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Adams, Alexandra, Robert Byron, Bruce Maxwell, Susan Higgins, Margaret Eggers, Lori Byron, and Cathy Whitlock. Climate change and human health in Montana: a special report of the Montana Climate Assessment. Montana State University, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/c2h22021.

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The purpose of this assessment is to a) present understandable, science-based, Montana-specific information about the impacts of climate change on the health of Montanans; and b) describe how our healthcare providers, state leaders, communities, and individuals can best prepare for and reduce those impacts in the coming decades. This assessment draws from, and is an extension to, the 2017 Montana Climate Assessment (MCA1) (Whitlock et al. 2017), which provides the first detailed analysis of expected impacts to Montana’s water, forests, and agriculture from climate change. MCA explains historical, current, and prospective climate trends for the state based on the best-available science. The 2017 Montana Climate Assessment did not address the impact of climate change on the health of Montanans. This special report of the MCA fills that important knowledge gap; it represents a collaboration between climate scientists and Montana’s healthcare community and is intended to help Montanans minimize the impacts of climate on their health.
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