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1
Bezhenar, Inna, Larisa Malik, and Andrii Shvets. "Integrating aspect of economic development in Ukrainian agriculture." Ekonomika APK 312, no. 10 (October 28, 2020): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202010038.
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The purpose of the article is to determine the directions of integration processes in the development of entrepreneurial activity in the agricultural sector of the economy. Research methods. Using statistical and graphical methods, the state and trends of integration transformations of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine were assessed. Research results. The dynamics of changes in the number of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine during 2013-2019, their structure on the basis of legal status, scope and results of activities are analyzed and the relevant conclusions on the ways of development of integration processes in the agricultural sector are formed. The functioning of agrarian business entities of different sizes has been studied. The integration potential of small business entities in the agricultural sector has been identified. The dynamics of the main production indicators of small and micro enterprises is given, their share in the total volume of agricultural production is determined. Also, small forms of management due to integration and cooperative processes provide an opportunity to develop in rural areas, making financial contributions to local budgets, while large enterprises (agricultural holdings) usually have minimal impact on the development of rural economy and rural areas. The main segments of agricultural production (such as potatoes, vegetables, fruits and berries) in which households play a key role are identified. Priority areas for the development of personal farms have been identified, in particular, through the creation of family farms and their association in cooperatives, etc. The information base of the study is the scientific achievements of leading domestic and foreign scientists, analytical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. On the basis of the obtained results the social and economic expediency of development of cooperative forms of management in the countryside and integration of small-scale agricultural producers is substantiated. Scientific novelty. It is proposed to turn personal peasant farms into family farms as components of integration formations in agrarian business. Practical significance. The state of business structures of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy is assessed and the prospects and advantages of the development of integration formations and cooperation in the sustainable development of rural areas are outlined. Tabl.: 8. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 20.
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Coclanis, Peter, and John Komlos. "Time in the Paddies: A Comparison of Rice Production in the Southeastern United States and Lower Burma in the Nineteenth Century." Social Science History 11, no. 3 (1987): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200015881.
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The Question Of the relative efficiency of agricultural production within the institutional framework of slavery flared in the 1970s. Fogel and Engerman (1971, 1977) found antebellum Southern agriculture to have been considerably more productive than previously thought. Although this aspect of their finding became generally accepted, the controversy focused on just how efficient slave production actually was compared to Northern agriculture (David and Temin, 1974; David et al., 1976; Schaefer and Schmitz, 1979; Wright, 1979).
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Sinaini, La, and La Iwe. "Bentuk Kegiatan Gotong Royong Dalam Aspek Pertanian Dan Sosial Budaya Di Kabupaten Muna (Studi Kasus di Desa Langkoroni Kecamatan Maligano Kabupaten Muna)." Jurnal Ilmiah Membangun Desa dan Pertanian 5, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37149/jimdp.v5i2.11635.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the forms of mutual assistance activities in the aspects of agriculture and socio-culture in Langkoroni Village, Maligano Sub District, Muna Regency. This research was conducted in August 2019 until January 2020. This research method uses qualitative methods. Sources of data in this study used informants. The results of the research show mutual cooperation activities in the aspects of agriculture, namely clearing farmland, fencing farmland, planting, weeding, and harvesting. Mutual cooperation in the aspect of agriculture occurs because of feelings of help and a feeling of family. Mutual cooperation in the socio-cultural aspects, namely (1) community social cooperation such as marriages, house construction, Islamic events, seclusion, celebrations of Islamic holidays, and ceremonies of death. Mutual cooperation in the socio-cultural aspects occurs not only because of feelings of help and a feeling of family, but also a feeling of worship. Mutual cooperation in the aspect of agriculture is more focused on strengthening the family's economy and sense of kinship, while mutual cooperation activities in the socio-cultural aspect are more emphasized on a sense of kinship and the embodiment of worship.
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Škorecová, E., and M. Farkašová. "Social information in managerial accounting and managerial information system." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 53, No. 8 (January 7, 2008): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/892-agricecon.
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Research and historical development showed that market economy with social orientation is more effective than without it. Emerging from these facts, the paper is focused on the need of monitoring the social information in managerial accounting and in managerial information systems in enterprises. Since the social situation and the living standard of agriculture in the Slovak Republic are lagging behind, the above mentioned issues are documented in comparison with other branches of national economy. The method of Balanced Scorecard is characterized in brief as well as a new model of economy, called the Economy of Communion that draw attention towards the social aspect of entrepreneuring. The main spheres of social information are mentioned that are necessary for operating at the level of an enterprise and at a broader level. Measures in the field of operating and its information assurance are offered in order to improve the social situation and living standard in agriculture.
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Borges, Janice Rodrigues Placeres, and Alexandra Leite Faria. "Ecological Family Agriculture Held In Remígio, PB, Brazil:." International Journal of Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 249–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss4.1405.
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This article describes, identify and analyze the social and technological, innovation and the production of knowledge among the family farmers syndicated in the municipality of Remígio, Paraíba’s State, located in the Brazilian semi-arid and belonging to the so-called Polo da Borborema - a network of labour unions and rural workers. The said Polo has been practising innovation in ecological-based agriculture and with an emphasis on existing social relations, knowledge and local expertise. Thus, the case study and the qualitative approach were chosen. The collection of the data was carried out through a half-structured interview with farmers. The main results indicate that ecological agriculture practiced in the municipality of Remígio is an advanced process of local and private development. The local and particular aspect refers to the important feature that is the aspect of providing innovation from the experimentation and the necessity of each farmer, respecting their particularity and knowing. This process of producing knowledge and innovations is mainly based on the reflexive practice and the contextualization of knowledge through daily and informal processes of innovation. As important innovations that arise through these processes, there were several techniques and actions deployed, such as seed bank, solidarity rotary funds, among others, that take on innovative role, awareness and the growing change in Thought of the farmers. Some of these innovations are set up as "novelties", since they are based on external models. It is concluded by reaffirming the rich process of innovations and knowledge produced by these ecological farmers in communion with their old acquaintances allied to those brought by the Polo da Borborema, reaffirming and valuing the identities of these farmers
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Patyka, N. "Assessment of the Ukraine’s agriculture competitiveness by regions." UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA REGION AGRARIAN SCIENCE 106, no. 2 (2020): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/2313-092x/2020-2(106)-2.
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In the article methodological approaches to assessing the competitiveness of Ukraine’s agriculture in the regional aspect have been substantiated. In particular, an algorithm and the instrument for assessing competitiveness have been developed. The integrated competitiveness index of Ukraine’s agriculture by region for the period between 2015 and 2017 was calculated. It was proved that the industry’s positive dynamics was determined by the growth of gross value added, volumes of capital investments, labor productivity. Downward factors for the Ukraine’s agriculture were the increase in agricultural production costs, unprofitability in the industry. The peculiarities of the competitiveness of the Ukraine’s agriculture through the identification of economic, institutional, social and international competitiveness problems were identified. The directions of enhancing competitiveness at the state, regional and industrial levels of management were determined.
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Garnik, Sergei, and Olga Sokolnikova. "Impact of WTO Accession on Agriculture Sustainable Development in the Russian Federation." Visegrad Journal on Bioeconomy and Sustainable Development 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vjbsd-2014-0007.
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Abstract In the globalized context of the modern world, the phenomenon of regional integration is one of the most significant factors influencing every aspect of social and economic development of the society. In this regard, new economic relations are formed in Russia in all sectors of the economy, including its industrial agricultural complex. Russian economy as a whole and its agriculture are experiencing the effects of various factors that have both a global and regional perspectives.
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Baronov, David. "Nishida Kitarō on Social Contradiction: A Critical Lens for Analyzing Community-Supported Agriculture." Critical Sociology 44, no. 1 (February 29, 2016): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920516633277.
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The central concern of this paper is the linkages between contradiction and social change, as developed in the work of Nishida Kitarō, a critical social philosopher who explored the nature of social contradiction vis-à-vis local agency, global structures, and social change. Building on Nishida’s conceptual framework, I trace social change to the ontological nature of social contradiction as manifest in myriad social phenomena. This then provides a critical lens for analyzing the contemporary development of community-supported agriculture (CSA). Indeed, the growing popularity of CSAs across the USA makes visible a host of social contradictions, including those between local and global food production and between local consumption and global distribution. Invoking Nishida to peel back the layers of contradiction and assess the potential social impact of CSAs, we address two broad questions. First, what is the nature of contradiction as a fundamental aspect of social life? Second, how can the notion of contradiction help us frame the role of CSAs as a force for social change? In this manner, Nishida’s interpretation of social contradiction shapes our understanding of CSAs, while our understanding of CSAs further refines our assessment of Nishida.
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Bohátová, Zuzana, Pavol Schwarcz, Loreta Schwarczová, Anna Bandlerová, and Vojtech Tľčik. "Multifunctionality – Interactions and Implications: The Case of the Podkylava Village (Western Slovakia)." European Countryside 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/euco-2016-0012.
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Abstract Multifunctionality is one of the most important aspects of the sustainable development. There are essentially two approaches to the analysis of multifunctionality. One is to interpret multifunctionality as a characteristic of an economic activity. The second way of interpreting multifunctionality is in terms of multiple roles assigned to agriculture. In this view, agriculture as an activity is entrusted with fulfilling certain functions in society. Social functions are linked to employment and income generation in rural areas and hence sustaining the viability of rural communities and maintaining rural society. The study focuses on social aspect of multifunctional agriculture in Kopanice region located in western part of Slovakia near borders with Czech Republic. The region is according to OECD regional typology being considered as intermediate one approaching the category of predominantly rural region. In spite of the fact, that the share of the primary sector in economy of the region is decreasing, the agriculture still plays an important role from aspects of employment and building of social capital. The paper evaluates the influence of external and internal factors on the development of social capital in the selected region and authors will focus mainly on the impact of local stakeholders and policy measures. The interaction between relevant stakeholders as public sector, civil society, local business sector and primary sector is expected to be beneficial for development of social capital.
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Szilágyi, Róbert. "Mobile Internet Usage Possibilities and Requirement in Agriculture." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 16 (December 6, 2005): 394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/16/3345.
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In this paper, I looked at the mobile Internet from technological, economical and sociological aspects and then pointed to several agricultural possibilities for theri usage. Examining the effects and driving forces of mobile communication, I can say that it is a very complex system. The social connections of mobile communication and the arising problems show that it affects several areas of everyday life. By looking at the business processes, all costs, advantages and disadvantages can be seen clearly. Overview the mobile Internet from the technological aspect and I discuss related technology and applicable utilities, as well as two possibilities for using wireless Internet: 3G and WiFi. Among the possible usages, I gave several examples to give an impression of all the diverse possibilities this technology offers. There are some really useful applications in customer service, precision farming, transport, agriculture and food industry. Finally, I talked about the mobile Internet in Hungary and in the other EU countries.
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NUKESHEVA, A. ZH, and E. V. KUDRYASHOVA. "STATE SUPPORT FOR AGRIBUSINESS IN GERMANY: SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECT." Problems of AgriMarket 4 (December 15, 2020): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.46666/2020-4-2708-9991.19.
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The purpose of the study is to determine the possibilities of using mechanisms for supporting agribusiness in foreign countries and to develop recommendations for their adaptation in domestic agriculture. The current socio-demographic situation in rural areas of Germany, Kazakhstan and other states, measures of public support are considered. In the EU and Germany, agricultural policy is aimed at intensive development of the industry: increasing the level of innovation in agricultural sector and food industry; maintaining high standards of environmental and animal protection; introduction of advanced scientific developments in the branches of agroindustrial production; supporting the activities of research institutes; increasing contribution to diversifying rural economic development. It was revealed that the aggregated budget of funding sources allows you to control its implementation at all levels from planning to final use. Public administration guarantees a stable income to farmers; an appropriate standard of living comparable to the wealth of other social groups in society; the prospects for the professional activity of entrepreneurs in the countryside; conditions and directions of training of agricultural personnel. Modern challenges, among which the aging of the population employed in agriculture in Europe and Germany, is currently the most important problem, therefore, starting in 2015, a new financial instrument to help young farmers under 40 was included into the main program of assistance to the EU agricultural sector. Analysis of employment indicators in rural areas of Kazakhstan and the experience of public support in Germany made it possible to formulate measures to support agricultural producers, which will change the approach to agricultural labor, its prestige.
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Nukesheva, A. ZH, and E. V. Kudryashova. "STATE SUPPORT FOR AGRIBUSINESS IN GERMANY: SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECT." Problems of AgriMarket, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.46666/2020-4-2708-9991.19.
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The purpose of the study is to determine the possibilities of using mechanisms for supporting agribusiness in foreign countries and to develop recommendations for their adaptation in domestic agriculture. The current socio-demographic situation in rural areas of Germany, Kazakhstan and other states, measures of public support are considered. In the EU and Germany, agricultural policy is aimed at intensive development of the industry: increasing the level of innovation in agricultural sector and food industry; maintaining high standards of environmental and animal protection; introduction of advanced scientific developments in the branches of agro-industrial production; supporting the activities of research institutes; increasing contribution to diversifying rural economic development. It was revealed that the aggregated budget of funding sources allows you to control its implementation at all levels from planning to final use. Public administration guarantees a stable income to farmers; an appropriate standard of living comparable to the wealth of other social groups in society; the prospects for the professional activity of entrepreneurs in the countryside; conditions and directions of training of agricultural personnel. Modern challenges, among which the aging of the population employed in agriculture in Europe and Germany, is currently the most important problem, therefore, starting in 2015, a new financial instrument to help young farmers under 40 was included into the main program of assistance to the EU agricultural sector. Analysis of employment indicators in rural areas of Kazakhstan and the experience of public support in Germany made it possible to formulate measures to support agricultural producers, which will change the approach to agricultural labor, its prestige.
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Kongying, Sawika, and Sasalak Purisai. "The Pandemic Era Digital Economy: Youth Challenges in Social Media Marketing." Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Economy and Management Study 2, no. 2 (March 31, 2021): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47616/jamrems.v2i2.110.
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The field of finance, fintech, and even finance companies like insurers has become part of the world of the internet. Indeed, the digital economy has now entered the areas of shipping, banking, agriculture and urban planning. This is characterized by the usage of technologies and the internet for various uses, including digitalization, of culture. Hence the improvements in the organizational and even marketing processes to the customer element level and numerous transactional regulatory structures is important and common in industries. Youth are also facing challenges in social network marketing, including reliance on technological development, safety and privacy issues, balanced personalization and privacy, marketing transparency, uneven Internet infrastructure in ASEAN Countries, and tight competition. This is an important aspect of the youth's efforts.
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Muchtar, Muchtar. "IMPACT OF FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS ON INDONESIA ECONOMIC PERFORMANCES." Business and Entrepreneurial Review 15, no. 1 (August 30, 2017): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/ber.v15i1.2081.
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<p>Indonesia participates in various free trade agreements with its main trading partners and it raises a research problem namely whether the participation would create benefits for Indonesia economic performances. Then, the research problem generates research questions that are what are the impacts of free trade agreements several aspects particularly for economic, social, and environment.<br />Main objectives of this research will focus to assess the impacts of free trade agreements on: (i) economic aspects such as economic growth, export and import performances, balance of trade, terms of trade, investment, inflation, government expenditure and consumption, and sector output; (ii) social aspect such as labor market, wages, income gap between skilled and unskilled labor, social welfare; and (iii) environment aspect.<br />Method of the research employs an economic model of computable general equilibrium on international trade, namely Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP Model 8 version). There are two policy simulations of tariff reduction namely; (i) Simulation I, tariff of agriculture products reduced by 65% and tariff of non-agriculture products reduced by 85%; (ii) Simulation II, tariff of agriculture products reduced by 80% and tariff of non-agriculture products reduced by 100% The research found that in general, impact of free trade agreement benefit for Indonesia economic performances, it indicated by economic variables that contribute positively to the economic performances are greater than economic variables that contribute negatively to the economic performances. The positive economic variables are economic growth, export performance, terms of trade, balance of trade, investment, government expenditure and consumption, wages, social welfare. While the negative economic variables are import performance, inflation, sector output, labor market, income gap of skilled and unskilled labors, emission proliferation.Research limitations related to the secondary data sources that depend on data published by international and national institutions as well as the data that already embodied in the GTAP Model. Policy implication to the government policy namely: (i) to undertake economic and trade reform to improve competitiveness; (ii) to undertake deeply comprehensive study before participation in the FTA; (iii) to give assistances for loser business particularly for small and medium enterprises; (iv) to socialize actively about the FTA to related business community.</p>
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Cupiał, Michał, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, and Sylwester Tabor. "MECHANISMS OF SUPPORTING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURE." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2017.16.2.15.
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Considering the aspect of the role of information in the development of Polish agriculture, one should pay attention to the existing needs in this field, as well as to the existing support mechanisms stimulating the activity of the agricultural producers’ community in obtaining professional information in the form of e.g. consulting or the use of the training offered. At the same time, it should be noted that often the barrier in keeping abreast is not the lack of activity on the part of producers, but the cost associated with it. That is why it is so important to initiate actions, which, on the one hand, serve boosting the efforts of agricultural producers to seek professional knowledge (information), and on the other hand, creating the possibility of compensation for costs incurred in this respect. Given the above, the main objective of this paper is the analysis of the level of implementation of the measures implemented under the Rural Development Programme 2007–2013. The study takes into account the farmers’ computer equipment level and access to the Internet compared to other social groups. Analysis of the distribution of funds to each voivodship showed that the allocation of funds was uneven, and this applied to all analysed measures. In the most part, agricultural producers already have the necessary information infrastructure, but its use is insufficient.
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Mkandawire, Elizabeth, Melody Mentz-Coetzee, Margaret Najjingo Mangheni, and Eleonora Barusi. "Enhancing the Glopan Food Systems Framework by Integrating Gender: Relevance for Women in African Agriculture." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 31, 2021): 8564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158564.
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Globally, gender inequalities constrain food security, with women often disproportionately affected. Women play a fundamental role in household food and nutrition security. The multiple roles women play in various areas of the food system are not always recognised. This oversight emerges from an overemphasis on one aspect of the food system, without considering how this area might affect or be affected by another aspect. This study aimed to draw on international commitments and treaties using content analysis to enhance the Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Security food systems framework by integrating a gender perspective. The study found that generally, there is a consensus on specific actions that can be taken to advance gender equality at specific stages of the food system. However, governance and social systems constraints that are not necessarily part of the food system, but have a significant bearing on men and women’s capacity to effectively participate in the food system, need to be addressed. While the proposed conceptual framework has some limitations, it offers a foundation on which researchers, policymakers and other stakeholders can begin conceptualising the interconnectedness of gender barriers in the food system.
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Dobele, Madara, and Andra Zvirbule. "The Concept of Urban Agriculture – Historical Development and Tendencies." Rural Sustainability Research 43, no. 338 (August 1, 2020): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plua-2020-0003.
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AbstractThe change in the concept of urban agriculture has been driven by social, political and economic factors, changing the role of agriculture in the urban environment. From the second half of 20th century topicality and practices of urban agriculture are growing widely not only in social initiatives but also in scientific research (the number of articles in scientific databases has increased 18-30 times since 2000). Growing interest has identified various variations and tendencies in the interpretation of the concept of urban agriculture, having regard to the current United Nations definition that is broad, but in research works and case studies researchers adapt the definitions to the local characteristics and aim of the study, thus creating a number of risks in the interpretation of the concept, including limited possibilities for quantitative comparisons between studies. The aim of the article is to identify the historical development stages of the concept of urban agriculture and to determine the main research tendencies in its application. To achieve this aim, the method of monographic and descriptive analysis was used for theoretical discussion, analysis, synthesis and deduction - for information gathering, logical systematization and classification. As a result of the study, it was identified that the concept of urban agriculture is developed in three different stages - originally associated with the technical solutions of urban planning for providing food for city dwellers, it is currently developing in tendencies of different directions: analysis of agriculture’s role in urban areas (including mitigating climate change risks), classification of types of urban agriculture, opportunities for adapting innovations and technological solutions to urban agriculture, the place and context of urban agriculture for sustainable development in the circumstances of urbanization. Such in-depth research of the experience and impact of urban agriculture on sustainable development could increase dynamically due to environmental considerations, aspect of the circular economy, and new paradigms in planning urban and peri-urban areas.
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Ohe, Yasuo. "Educational tourism in agriculture and identity of farm successors." Tourism Economics 24, no. 2 (September 4, 2017): 167–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816617729021.
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Although farm visiting is gaining popularity as a type of experience-oriented tourism, the economic viability of this emerging service has not been fully established. To make it viable, it is not enough to approach educational tourism solely from a technical viewpoint, we also need to approach it from the aspect of the operator’s identity, a factor that has not been addressed fully in the arena of either rural tourism or tourism economics. Thus, by presenting a conceptual economic framework that explains the connection between a farmer’s identity and the level of diversified activity including tourism, this article has evaluated, based on a questionnaire survey of next-generation successors working on-farm at Educational Dairy Farms in Japan, the hypothesis that those farmers who have enlarged their identity will be able to successfully develop diversified activities. The results clarify factors that lead to enlarged identity, including formation of both a wider perspective and more extensive human networks from social learning opportunities, and female initiative within the activity. In this context, the issue of identity formation should be properly positioned in the field of innovation-oriented capability building of farm management.
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Ljubojević, Gordana, and Nina Maksimović-Sekulić. "Serbian agricultural cooperatives and their path towards the European Union: Legal aspect." Ekonomika poljoprivrede 68, no. 1 (2021): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekopolj2101173l.
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The association of farmers as a model of sustainable rural development is a significant factor in the rapid development of agriculture and the improvement of the position of agricultural producers. The economic importance of cooperatives in the world and Europe is continuously growing, especially in the conditions of global and regional economic and financial crises, when cooperatives show a high degree of resistance to the shocks of these crises and a high percent of survival on the market. The European Union recognizes the growing role of cooperatives. The European Commission define the cooperative sector as protector and promoter of the European model of social economy, and as an extremely important factor in building and preserving local "social capital" - trust, mutual assistance and horizontal ties between citizens and organizations. New EU members and candidate countries preparing to join the EU, including the Republic of Serbia, should promote cooperatives as a key aspect of economic development and social policy. The aim of this paper is to analyze the current legal position of agricultural cooperatives in Serbia, and to determine the degree of harmonization with EU regulations and comparative analysis of their legal regulation in the EU Member States. Based on the conducted analysis, recommendations will be proposed in order to improve the legislative framework of agricultural cooperatives in Republic of Serbia in order their future successful functioning on the EU market.
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Makarao, Mohammad Taufik, and Firly Fatharani Hafizha. "LEGAL ASPECT OF FOREST FIRE IN INDONESIA." VERITAS 6, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 144–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.34005/veritas.v6i2.972.
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This study to examine legal aspect, why always happen and impact of forest fire in Indonesia. The conclusion are, even though there is a forestry law as regulated in Law No. 41/1999 on Forestry, as amended by Law Number 19/2004, forest fires have been repeated several large scale since the early 1980s until now. The case of Indonesia which was experiencing forest fires is a manifestation of unclear and poorly enforced policies, economic forces that push business to use fire to clear land, lack of technological alternatives, poor public participation and aggravated by climatic condition such as the extended drought. Although many policies have already been formulated and special management agencies have been established, policies implementation remain weak, coordination is poor and the current system is inefficient. Added to these factors, is the reality that government official’s business leader and general public lack a sense of urgency about the fires. Fires can impede national economic performance and increase poverty at the local level. It is mostly that disaster until now will repeat/recur unless definitive steps are taken to encourage short term and long term prevention strategies. Fires cause tremendous ecological impacts such as air quality, hydrological cycle, biological diversity, natural succession, disruption of the production and decomposition of organic materials, soil, disruption in the nutrient cycle, climate regulation and carbon sink; social impact such as food security, impact on health such as death, asthma, ARI, and impact on economic such as, agriculture, forestry, health, transmigration, transportation and tourism.
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Kirichenko, Irina V. "India: Digitalization Program as the key to social problems solving." Asia and Africa Today, no. 7 (2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s032150750014769-7.
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The article examines the place and role of the public institutions and the economy digitalization in the implementation of the Indian innovation policy objectives such as the inclusiveness of innovations and the social problems of the country resolution on this basis. It is shown that digitalization reduces the cost and optimizes social communications, and as a result facilitates the interaction of the country’s citizens with public authorities, access of disadvantaged segments of the population to services that improve their quality of life, and activates their involvement in economic activity that can improve their standards of living. The article also examines the prerequisites that have been formed to implement large-scale digitalization in India. These are a digital identification system that has no analogues in the world, low cost mobile telephony services, a large number of mobile phone users, and a network of public broadband Internet access centers created by the state that covers the entire country. Thus, India has created a good base to provide access to electronic services for the general population. It is concluded that a broad base of digitalization was created due to the highly developed ICT industry in India. Examples of areas of digitalization include public services, healthcare, financial services, and agriculture. These are the areas where the social aspect of digitalization is most noticeable. And the digitalization of agriculture allows numerous farmers to conduct agricultural production effectively and efficiently, increasing their incomes. Thus, a systematic and integrated approach to digitalization allows the country to make significant progress in solving social problems caused by the poverty of the population, which persists despite rapid economic growth.
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Bagnoli, Franco, Ada Baldi, Ugo Bardi, Marina Clauser, Anna Lenzi, Simone Orlandini, and Giovanna Pacini. "Urban Gardening in Florence and Prato: How a Science Shop Project Proposed by Citizens Has Grown into a Multi-Disciplinary Research Subject." Journal of Sustainable Development 11, no. 6 (November 29, 2018): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v11n6p111.
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Urban gardening mainly means growing edible vegetables in a town. This practice has been traditionally used for economic reasons (subsistence agriculture), but now it has also acquired educational, nutraceutical, therapeutic and social relevance. The educational aspect of urban gardening has been the subject of a proposal for the newly born Science Shop in Florence (Italy). In the spirit of action-research, in our project we first decided to involve all (or many) potentially interested people. This has brought into light the galaxy of different aspects related to urban gardening and allowed the establishing of promising research lines. We discovered that this is a multi-disciplinary subject that touches themes dealing with agriculture, botany, psychology, chemistry, city planning and politics. We examine here the various aspects of urban gardening in the towns of Florence and Prato, two very different urban environments despite their proximity.
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Lodwick, Lisa. "Farming practice, ecological temporality, and urban communities at a late Iron Age oppidum." Journal of Social Archaeology 19, no. 2 (March 26, 2019): 206–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469605319837766.
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Agriculture is a vital component of social practice, yet it is often overlooked as a key aspect in the social organisation of the communities resident at urban settlements. This paper uses the example of late Iron Age oppida, a type of settlement at the intersection of the Iron Age and Roman worlds where research has focussed upon elites rather than community. Drawing upon studies of human–plant relationships, particularly that of ecological temporalities, this paper shows that considering the capacity of plants to affect people through ‘planty agency’ renders annual rhythms of human–plant relationships perceptible. The utilisation of archaeobotanical data in this novel way provides new insights into social practices and the formation of communities at late Iron Age oppida.
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Amril, Rofi, and Maryono Maryono. "Assessing Method to Identifying Water Resilience Against Natural and Climate Change Hazards." E3S Web of Conferences 31 (2018): 07009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183107009.
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A geographic region may become vulnerable toward water resources in a variety of ways. Common issues arise when man-made infrastructure such as housing, industrial, agriculture and other spatial land use policy implementation exceeds more than desired level. Vulnerability of a region due to water resources could be interpreted as the inability of the region to sustaining economic and social activity associated to socio-economic water availability. This study assess four aspects of water resilience: water quantity, water distribution, water quality, and water requirements. Literature review then followed by interview with academic expert used as method of study. This study found that four aspect of water vulnerability mostly have been applied to asses water resource vulnerability. Each aspect have a specific characteristic and could be define more specific and detail indicator according to the local content.
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Соколова, Марина, and Marina Sokolova. "Tourism as a cultural phenomenon: morphological aspect." Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 8, no. 4 (November 27, 2014): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/6571.
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The article considers tourism as a cultural phenomenon in its morphological aspects. Examines manifestations of tourism in the material and spiritual forms of culture. When lighting the contribution of tourism to the material culture the attention is drawn to all the main areas of its production and technological activities: agriculture, buildings, equipment, transport, communications and technology. Agritourism is provided as a multi-example.
Spiritual form of culture within the tourism perspective is revealed primarily through the category of «knowledge.» On concrete examples
explores how tourism af ects its acquisition and accumulation. At the same time takes into account all the essential areas of knowledge: practical, scientif c, religious, gaming and mythological. It’s shown how tourism is implemented in the main tasks of the culture, such as the creation of artif cial habitat and transmission of cultural inheritance.
It is proved that tourism is an incentive for the development and creation of many new features that form artif cial (cultural) human habitat. Sending the same social inheritance is the most evidently made in the cultural, educational and religious tourism. Much attention is paid to the functions of culture, which f nd their refraction in tourism: epistemological, regulatory, adaptive, semiotic and axiological. But the most complete disclosure of the work is the communicative function. Its example examines the role of tourism in cross-cultural communication. Expanding the types of culture, correlating with the main areas of public life, it is indicated how a tourist, who faces manifestations of dif erent culture can change his mental and behavioral paradigms.
In process of levels of culture analysis (vital, specialized and full cultures) it’s revealed that specialized level tourism but mostly empathic levels of culture act as a powerful factor in the humanization of culture. Given the importance of tourism as a cultural phenomenon.
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Хисматуллин, Marsel Khismatullin, Вашуров, and Mikhail Vashurov. "Features of effective development of tourism potential of the country: marketing aspect." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 8, no. 4 (January 13, 2014): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2425.
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This article analyzes the problems of the development of modern tourist destinations. The causes of the stagnation processes, that reduce the competitiveness of tourist regions, were established. The paper reveals the conceptual function of marketing of areas, ensuring the optimal use of tourism potential destinations. We identified and justified the necessity for the creation a marketing strategy of destinations development that, in accordance with the context of the research, is the foundation for effective communication between the management of tourist areas and the target segment of tourists. In our opinion, an application of marketing techniques in structural activity of destinations is one of the key tools in solving problems of increasing the effectiveness of institutional reforms of territories and, in particular such depressed regions, as rural areas. In nowadays economic conditions the territorial marketing is the basis for the formation and development of market economy forms as in agriculture, and in other areas of economic life [4]. Marketing effectiveness in social and economic development of the territories is due to its conceptual function, consisting in the optimal usage of available resources and offer such product, that best meets the needs and preferences of today’s consumer market.
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Zhang, Jingyi, Jiaxin Liu, Yaqi Chen, Xiaochun Feng, and Zilai Sun. "Knowledge Mapping of Machine Learning Approaches Applied in Agricultural Management—A Scientometric Review with CiteSpace." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 8, 2021): 7662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147662.
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With the continuous development of the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data technology, and intelligent agriculture have become hot topics in agricultural science and technology research. Machine learning is one of the core topics in artificial intelligence, and its application has penetrated every aspect of human social life. In modern agricultural intelligent management and decision making, machine learning plays an important role in crop classification, crop disease and insect pest prediction, agricultural product price prediction, and other aspects of management and decision-making processes in agriculture. To detect and recognize the latest research developing features in a quantitative and visual way, and based on machine learning methods in agricultural management, the authors of this paper used CiteSpace bibliometric methods to analyze relevant studies on the development process and hot spots. High-value references, productive authors, country and institution distributions, journal visualizations, research topics, and emerging trends were reviewed and analyzed. According to the keyword visualization and high-value references, machine learning approaches focus on sustainable agriculture, water resources, remote sensing, and machine learning methods. The research mainly focuses on six topics: learning technology, land environment, reference evapotranspiration, decision support systems for river geography, soil management, and winter wheat, while learning technology has been the most popular in recent years.
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Ryzhenkov, Anatoliy, and Lidiya Burinova. "Current issues of using digital technologies for environmental protection: legal aspect." SHS Web of Conferences 109 (2021): 01033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110901033.
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The global changes of recent years in the world around us indicate that the line between the physical and digital worlds becomes blurred. More and more sectors of social life move online, and digital technologies have an increasingly strong influence on the industrial, agricultural, scientific, medical, educational, and other processes. Digitalization technologies have a particular influence on the evolution of traditional ideas about the methods of environmental protection. Though most international legal acts do not place a direct emphasis on this, many environmental problems caused by the globalization era can hardly be resolved without using digital technologies (for example, in terms of overcoming the consequences of global climate change). Further development of digital technologies will reduce the consumption of hydrocarbons and greenhouse gas emissions, help to mitigate the consequences of the emergence of e-waste. The use of environmental digital technologies within the framework of global and national environmental monitoring, improvement of the safety of the operation of industrial enterprises, in agriculture, as well within the framework of enhancement of the comfort of living in the urban environment, is quite promising. However, in Russian environmental legislation, there is now no direct mention of the possibilities of using digital technologies in the field of environmental protection, which should be corrected by supplementing the law with a special chapter.
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Essel, Bernard. "Depletion of Urban Green Space and Its Adverse Effect: A Case of Kumasi, the Former Garden City of West- Africa." Journal of Environment and Ecology 8, no. 2 (September 7, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jee.v8i2.11823.
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Incorporating greenery has been a vital aspect of city planning. Landscape planning has been a vital aspect of city planning since the 19th Century. Since then, landscape planning has become a social necessity. Assessing the impact of the decline in urban green space is very important. Hence, using Kumasi as a case study largely fit due to the decline of the city’s urban green space. Based on this the study assessed the Landcover change between 2000 to 2010 and projected the Landcover/land use for 2020. It also analyzed the temperature recordings from 2000 to 2016. The result revealed that the city has lost 19.59 km2 and 33.39 km2 of forest and agriculture lands respectively. It was also projected that it will further decline to 0.7 km2 and 8.2 km2 respectively. Among the various Landcover classes, agriculture lands were the most delicate land use which suffers massive decline in acreage. Moreover, the adverse effect of the decline in green spaces has been evident in high temperatures, unattractive environment, and atmospheric pollution. In the last decade (2000-2010), the city’s temperature increased by 0.2oC but has dropped in the past six years (2010-2016). Nevertheless, it doesn’t suggest that the impact of the heat waves has reduced due to the reduction in temperature. Conversely, the impact has increased due to the absence of tree cover. Ultimately, Kumasi’s landscape has depleted and has lost a touch of vegetation, hence appropriate measure needs to be put in place.
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Samarina, Vera, Aleksandr Samarin, and Tatiana Skufina. "Socio-economic aspects of steel production in conditions of Russia agriculture machinery demand increase." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 13030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017513030.
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The paper is devoted to the study of socio-economic aspects of the production of Russian steel. A distinctive feature of the Russian steel industry is that it is deservedly considered one of the basic sectors of the national economy. The paper proves that the dynamics of production began to serve as an indicator of the development of the Russian industry and economy. It is shown in which industries steel is used in the national economy. The paper shows that steel production plays a special important role in the Russian economy. The place of Russia in the world steel market is shown. The ranking of the leading countries in the production of steel is presented. The authors have substantiated and highlighted the following main socio-economic aspects of steel production in Russia: production and economic; social; financial;environmental and integration. It is stated that the revealed aspects determine state and development prospects of Russia’s metallurgical complex.It is also shown that the systemic crisis in production is aggravated by the social aspect. The influence of the production of steel on the formation of aspects of the vital activity of the population in Russian single-industry cities is revealed. Steel enterprises form the industrial specialization of such cities and significantly affect the vital activities of people. The authors have made use of the material concerning the features of mono-industrial cities located in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation; special attention has been paid to the residents’ socialproblems.
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Peano, Cristiana, Stefano Massaglia, Chiara Ghisalberti, and Francesco Sottile. "Pathways for the Amplification of Agroecology in African Sustainable Urban Agriculture." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (March 30, 2020): 2718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072718.
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A growing awareness that highly intensified agricultural systems have made a substantial worldwide contribution to the worsening of the resilience capacity of natural ecosystems has, over the last twenty years, brought general attention to agroecological management models. This aspect is even more evident in industrial agriculture, which is based on the use of multiple chemical products derived from non-natural synthesis. In more developed countries, a new idea of ecology linked to agricultural production has been increasingly developed and, for this reason, there has been a greater diffusion of differentiated agricultural models taking into consideration the environmental impact of production choices and policies addressed to the conservation of natural resources. In urban agricultural production, it is even more important to adopt resilient production models that, in addition to developing responsible production paths and allowing a positive connection with the needs of consumers, guarantees reasonable and positive behaviors respecting the environment in which most of the urban population lives; in other words, the implementation of goal 12 of the sustainable development goals (SDG #12 Responsible Production and Consumption) of the United Nations. In this work, we report some case studies inspired by the activities carried out by the Slow Food Association in Africa and demonstrate the importance of agroecological models in small-scale agricultural systems, related to the development of school and community gardens in small urban areas of different African countries, as a tool for integrating agricultural activities aimed at social resilience and the conservation of ecosystems.
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Denisova, Elena, and Viktoriya Silova. "Ecological and economic aspect of sustainable agriculture development on the basis of effective land use planning and land cadastral works." E3S Web of Conferences 254 (2021): 10011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125410011.
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Agriculture is a complex and unstable system, the successful development of which firstly depends on the purposeful and integrated interaction of natural, social and historical conditions. Land cadastral provision acts as a guarantor of agricultural production growth, builds a socially favorable environment for the development of economic processes planned by the state. The aim of the study was to substantiate the need to improve the organizational and economic mechanism of agricultural land registration, land management and land cadastral works. Degradation processes, which have become widespread in the territory of Staropoltavsky district of Volgograd region — deflation (20.8% of agricultural land area) and salinization (30.8%) have impact on living standards and population numbers. The presence of unused arable land in 67% of rural settlements indicates the inefficiency of the monitoring and accounting system, and the presence of 39% of low-productive land indicates the untimely implementation of rehabilitation and reclamation work. The established value of the cadastral land value specific indicator (CLVSI) determines the system of economic impact in the form of land tax, rent, and other payments. The CLVSI value does not correspond to the arable quality in 50% of territory. With the help of geoinformation technologies, the boundaries and area of 16 neighborhoods and 8 settlements within the Gmelinsky rural settlement were confirmed, the total area of which is 1359.0 ha. The decrease in area amounts to 1.0%. The discrepancy in land areas according to statistical data and estimate materials amounted to 38329 hectares or 68.5%.
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Gimbatova, M. B., and M. K. Musaeva. "TRANSFORMATION OF ECONOMIC SPECIALIZATION OF DAGESTAN PEOPLES: GENDER ASPECT." History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 13, no. 4 (December 15, 2017): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32653/ch13489-96.
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Economic specialization of the peoples of Dagestan was conditioned by natural environment and it influenced the process of social differentiation of labor, thus, most peoples consider all kinds of work connected with agriculture and cattle breeding to be men’s occupations, and household chores and most domestic crafts (spinning, production of carpets, palaces, woolen cloth, cotton and silk fabrics, linen, felting, bagging, making of woolen socks, stockings and outdoor woolen footwear) to be women’s occupations. Men’s crafts were sheepskin processing and metalwork. In the mountainous area, there was no strict gender differentiation of labor, as women’s labor was used quite widely, and independence of women was conditioned by men’s leaving for seasonal work. The traditional regulation of the gender differentiation of labor, adopted in the pre-revolutionary Dagestan society, has gradually lost its positions. During the Soviet period, the gender stratification of labor was leveled: women’s labor was not limited to the household, but was widely used in enterprises. Accelerated transformation of economic specialization took place in the post-Soviet period. The boundaries between what men can do and what is not permissible for them have actually erased, and this process began in the 1990s - the time of total men’s unemployment. Men began to explore new spheres and successfully realized their potential in the areas that had been considered exclusively women’s occupations. Changes in economic specialization could not but affect the intra-family relations of the Dagestan people. In a traditional society, the head of the family was always the father as the breadwinner and provider of the family, but in the present circumstances the head of the family is the one whose share in the family budget is greater. Recently, there have been cardinal changes in the employment of the population and in the minds of the Dagestan peoples, and the changes have significantly affected the gender differentiation of labor and gender stratification.
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Kovalenko, Elena, Tatiana Polushkina, Tatiana Koroleva, and Olga Yakimova. "Problems and management mechanisms of reproduction of human resources of peripheral rural territories of the Republic of Mordovia." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700187.
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The article is devoted to the problem of human resourcing in the agricultural sector of the economy which has been aggravated for a long time. The measures taken under the framework of the widespread implementation of the State Program for Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Agricultural Commodity Markets for 2013–2020 contribute to the modernization of the physical infrastructure, growth of agriculture, development of the village social assets, but they do not ensure abatement of depopulation of the rural population and the influx of skilled personnel into the agro-industrial complex. This is facilitated by the lack of a spatial aspect in the programs implemented, insufficient consideration of features, potential and possibilities of self-development of territories that reduces performance and effectiveness of municipal programs. A typology of municipalities of the Republic of Mordovia was carried out on the basis of “center – periphery”, demographic situation and economic specialization characteristics. The proposals on improving management of human resources reproduction in municipal territories, in particular, on creating a system for monitoring labor resources and selecting personnel using modern information technologies, as well as on improving the current system for assessing the effectiveness of local governmental activities are formulated.
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Heryadi, D. Yadi, Betty Rofatin, and Zulfikar Noormansyah. "Semi-organic Rice Farming as a Transition Period to Organic Rice Farming." Paspalum: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35138/paspalum.v9i1.277.
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Organic rice farming aims to achieve sustainable agriculture. It considers social, economic and environmental aspects. However, in practice, farmers experience various technical and economic constraints upon converting non-organic agriculture practice to organic rice farming. The alternative method is to implement semi-organic farming as a transitional period. The purpose of this study is to review technical / production and economic aspects of non-organic, semi-organic, and organic farming. It is conducted to determine whether semi-organic farming could be utilized as a transition period to organic rice farming. The study used a survey method on 75 farmers working in non-organic, semi organic, and organic farm in Priangan Timur, West Java Province, Indonesia. Article’s result exhibited that, in terms of technical cultivation / production, the majority of semi-organic farmers had carried out the stages of organic cultivation. It generated higher productivity compared to non-organic farming. However, productivity remained below organic farming. In terms of economical aspect, income per hectare and R / C value are higher than non-organic farming. However, it is below organic farming. Semi-organic farming could be used as a transition to organic farming.
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Ishchenko, A. "Functions and value of personal self-employed agriculture in social and economic development of rural Ukrainian areas." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 1 (148) (May 30, 2019): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2019-148-1-121-132.
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It was established that the market transformation of property relations in agriculture led to the formation of a complex economy, the development of small-scale production, which is organically combined and successfully complements large and medium forms of management. It is proved that the social significance of personal country farms manifests itself in counteracting unemployment, creating opportunities for income growth, improving the quality of life, social security, self-organization of rural residents. The social aspect of OSG's activity is particularly important in times of economic crisis, when in agriculture and most other sectors massive job cuts are applied. It is generalized that in view of the diversity and diversity of the OSG functions, in order to achieve a deeper understanding of the essence of the investigated category, the classification of functions of rural households on the orientational basis of interaction with various spheres of social activity was conducted. It is substantiated that this characteristic corresponds to the essence of the OSG to the greatest extent, since it allows us to comprehensively characterize the research object as a complex category, which is an organic and inalienable component of several different socioeconomic systems different in its nature. The typical functions of a personal country economy are systematized, taking into account the requirements of three components of social life: social, economic, organizational. It is concluded that the functions of OSG population in their essential content are similar to the functions of agrarian entrepreneurship subjects. It is proved that personal country farms, despite the low marketability, carry out a number of socially important functions now, is an additional reserve for ensuring the growth of agricultural output, which the rural population perceives as a need for survival. It was emphasized that the development of OSG is closely linked with the provision of food security of the country, which led to the idea of strengthening their role and importance in the formation of commodity supply and sustainable development of rural areas. It is envisioned that in case of non-dilution of the OSG value in the development of agriculture in the country, the conversion of a country farmer into an ordinary hired worker may lead to negative consequences for the whole society, such as the settlement of the rural population, the loss of their sense of ownership on their land and motivation to work, rural lifestyle and ultimately the domestic country traditions and culture. Key words: personal country economy, function, rural population, rural territories, rural households.
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Pranadji, Tri. "Penajaman Analisis Kelembagaan Dalam Perspektif Penelitian Sosiologi Pertanian dan Pedesaan." Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi 21, no. 1 (August 24, 2016): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/fae.v21n1.2003.12-25.
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<strong>English</strong><br />Opinion of the experts in institutional and sociological fields are very important in agriculture and rural development policy settings. This paper describes conceptual framework of institution with respect to perspectives of agricultural and rural sociology research. Some aspects to institutional research to know further to accelerate agriculture and rural development are: firstly, institutional aspect is crucial in directing and accelerating planned social change especially in the agrarian rural community. Secondly, aspects of technology development and adoption, economic, social, law and political development, public infrastructure, agroecosystem and natural resources management are essential indicators to take into account. Thirdly, human resource competence, progressive value system, leadership, social structure and organization, social management, law and governance are institutional elements to assess more intensely.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Perumusan kebijakan pembangunan pertanian dan pedesaan sangat memerlukan masukan dari para analis kelembagaan atau sosiologis. Tulisan ini menyajikan kerangka penganalisaan kelembagan dalam perspektif penelitian sosiologi pertanian dan pedesaan. Berbagai aspek yang perlu dipahami dalam penelitian kelembagaan untuk mempercepat dan mempertajam pembangunan pertanian dan pedesaan adalah: pertama, aspek kelembagaan sangat berperan penting dalam mengarahkan dan mempercepat perubahan sosial yang direncanakan (social planned change), terutama pada masyarakat pedesaan yang masih sarat dengan peradaban agraris (agrarian stage). Kedua, aspek perkembangan dan adopsi teknologi, perkembangan ekonomi, sosial, hukum dan politik, pengelolaan infrastruktur publik, dan pengelolaan agroekosistem dan sumberdaya alam merupakan indikator yang harus dipertimbangkan secara serius dalam perubahan sosial yang direncanakan atau pembangunan pertanian dan pedesaan. Ketiga, komponen kelembagaan yang penting dikaji serius adalah kompetensi sumberdaya manusia, tata nilai maju, kepemimpinan, struktur dan organisasi sosial, manajemen sosial, dan hukum dan pemerintahan.
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Tan, Chai Ching. "Civil Participation-Driven Social Capitalization-Enabled Resilience Cycle for Community-based Tourism." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 2 (February 10, 2021): 5568–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.2976.
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Community-based tourism (CBT) is flourishing in Thailand, partly credited to the active local participation and engagement-driven national policies that aim to stimulate effective uses of local resources and destination attributes for income-earning and sustainable socio-cultural and ecological development. Against this policy-grassroot synergistic backdrop and given the scare literature on the civil roles in CBT, this study examines the civil participation as an important social capitalization bridge to enable and thrust the community development and organization towards realizing CBT potentials while creating positive impacts on the economics, cultural, social and environmental domains of sustainability. In particular, a civil participation-driven social capitalization-enabled resilience cycle model, with a root taken to social capitalization structure of destination management that relates and integrates thestructural andrelational elements, and the cognitive goals, is proposed, as a key conceptual contribution to the extant literature of CBT and tourism, and is empirically supported by the neural network simulations and structural equation modeling (SEM) fitting. The samples were drawn from the agriculture- livelihood based communities who exploit community-based tourism (CBT) to supplement their earnings and help them develop socio-cultural and ecological attitudes and sustainability results. The SEM and the neural network results were well-aligned and cross-supportive, which manifests another domain of contribution in the methodological aspect in social sciences, tourism and hospitality disciplines. The resilience cycle model fit is dynamic in nature, and provides a base for the continuous development of the communities in sustainable manner
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Cavallet, Luiz Ermindo, Maurizio Canavari, and Paulo Fortes Neto. "Participatory guarantee system, equivalence and quality control in a comparative study on organic certifications systems in Europe and Brazil." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 13, no. 4 (July 30, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2213.
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Although organic agriculture in Brazil targets mainly local consumers, there is growing demand for research related to commercializing this sector abroad. A study was done in Europe on the perception of entities related to this theme, specifically on Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS), the feasibility of equivalence between the countries, and control procedures. An exploratory study was conducted through interviews with five organic certification bodies, two in Switzerland, three in Italy, and with a producer association in Italy. PGS is little known in Europe in general and it is suggested that it be better disseminated in the member countries. PGS has been evaluated positively for reducing certification costs and promoting benefits from a social aspect, but it can fail in organic compliance and in large scale production. There are significant differences that must be overcome in order to establish equivalence, such as the lack of homogeneity among European countries on control procedures, the existence of PGS in Brazilian legislation, lack of wild crop products in Europe, different conversion periods, and the requirement of a higher number of inspections in Brazil. Equivalence is seen as beneficial to both Europe and Brazil, and it would therefore be appropriate to promote its viability. The Brazilian law on organic agriculture is taken as very restrictive and complex.
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Sethuraman, Gomathy, Nurul Amalina Mohd Zain, Sumiani Yusoff, Yin Mei Ng, Niranjan Baisakh, and Acga Cheng. "Revamping Ecosystem Services through Agroecology—The Case of Cereals." Agriculture 11, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11030204.
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Globally, farming systems are mostly dominated by monoculture, which has the advantage of profitability at the expense of ecological systems. Recent years have witnessed an increasing momentum in global efforts to deploy sustainable agriculture practices that mimic ecological processes, with agroecology at the forefront. In addition to the ecological aspect, agroecology also encompasses economic and social aspects targeting the whole food system. Transformative agroecology has been recognized as a stepping stone to achieving several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), due to its great potential to build climate change-resilient farming systems while enhancing ecosystem services and reducing biodiversity loss. Nonetheless, the available literature on the recent developments and future trajectories of the adoption of agroecology approaches for improving the production of cereals, the most important group of food crops, is limited. This review aims to highlight the blueprint of agroecology that can contribute to the achievements of the SDGs, allowing explicit interpretation of the term that will benefit twenty-first century agriculture. Using cereal crops as the case study, we provide insights into how far this field has come and the main barriers to its adoption, and conclude that this approach of “science for and with society” is the way forward for building a resilient future.
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Perveen, Abida, and Uzma Perveen. "Communication And Its Role In Rural Development." Pakistan Journal of Applied Social Sciences 1, no. 1 (March 8, 2015): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjass.v1i1.277.
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Media / Communication play an important role in the process of development. It can be used for raising awareness in masses about different issues. Professionals and experts are very well aware about the importance of media in their activities and they also formulate policies to accelerate the process of development. Therefore, in developed and developing nations media has great importance and it is related to socio-economic development. This study argues the growth of communication / media on international level and also analyzed its usage and effectiveness in westerns countries on the basis of social and economic change. Along with that other aspects like agriculture, health and some other sectors especially in rural areas are also in encircled. The key aspect of this study is that how media can improve the condition of rural people and which resources can be effective and useful for it.
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Noviryani, Mely, Wahyu Handayani, Wike, and Keppi Sukesi. "Understanding Women’s Roles In Agriculture (Study of Women in Dairy And Shallot Farming in East Java)." SALASIKA: Indonesian Journal of Gender, Women, Child, and Social Inclusion's Studies 2, no. 2 (July 6, 2019): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36625/sj.v2i2.32.
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This research studied the roles of women in dairy farming in Ngantang and Karangploso and shallot farming in Pare and Probolinggo, East Java. The objectives were to identify the role and function of women farmers in all stages of dairy and shallot production and to examine the role and level of involvement of women farmers from social and economic aspects, local wisdom and knowledge used on the farm as well as the driving and inhibiting factors of women farmers’ participation. Applying Harvard Analytical Framework, this study identified the division of labor between men and women on the farm, women’s access and control over the benefit of the farm and its influencing factors. The results confirm that women have significant and vital roles in almost all stages of dairy and shallot farming although their roles are mostly related to the construction of women’s roles held generally within Indonesian traditional societies. However, women still have limited access and control over the process of production results from the farm. The inhibiting factors for women’s participation in farming is dominated by psycho-cultural aspect that hinder women’s access to knowledge, information, networks and control over family’s income. Nevertheless, women also show their potential to empower themselves through women groups that can encourage women's awareness in accessing economic resources and knowledge as well as helping them to gain more control over the process of production from the farm.
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Czyżewski, Bazyli, Andrzej Czyżewski, and Łukasz Kryszak. "The Market Treadmill Against Sustainable Income of European Farmers: How the CAP Has Struggled with Cochrane’s Curse." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (February 2, 2019): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030791.
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Willard Cochrane was the first to introduce the notion that farmers are on a market treadmill, which, in spite of their constant efforts to improve productivity, wears away any profits that might result. Therefore, the essence of the treadmill is that agricultural income does not grow in line with the increase in productivity. Although reasons of this phenomenon are economic in nature, it has caused a serious social problem, i.e., the relative deprivation of farmers’ income. Solving this problem is crucial for ensuring sustainable farming in its social dimension. The aim of the article was, firstly, to answer the question to what extent the concept of the market treadmill in agriculture is still valid for European countries; and secondly, to develop a sectoral model of agricultural income that would test whether the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has been successfully struggling with the Cochrane’s treadmill. The authors carried out panel research in a group of 25 countries over the years 1980–2015 in various subperiods. The main conclusion was that the traditionally understood market treadmill has lost significance in Europe, which might be advocated as a long-term value-added aspect of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP).
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Dalal, Pallavi, and Sunita Kothari. "Narratives of historial urban lakefront regenerations." E3S Web of Conferences 170 (2020): 06007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017006007.
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Lakefront in the densely populated area is a place of relish, where people can enjoy and relax. As these kinds of areas are famous in urban context to provide ample visual and physical public access to water and land. The immediate alliance between settlement and water is inherent since decades, as many urban areas in the world located near to the waterfront. All these areas are directly or indirectly dependent on water for their day to day survival. Since last two decades development strategies are shifting from agriculture to industrial, these bring extensive changes in lakefront development. In precise, lakefront has become less significant for human life. This paper discusses the extensive phenomenon of lakefront development in Thane city, which is known as the “City of Lakes”, because of manifold lakes found over there. At present most of the lakes present in city are at the verge of disappearance due to reckless development. Therefore it is necessary to emphasize at historical and social aspect of lakes taking into account the overall picture and presenting the opportunities to integrate and emphasize multidisciplinary approach with social and cultural life of people.
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Akers, Harry F., and Suzette A. T. Porter. "The 1945 - 1955 Queensland Artesian Fluoride Experience: A Unique Phenomenon within the Australian Wool Industry." Historical Records of Australian Science 18, no. 2 (2007): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr07007.
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Inquiries into the diminishing supply of artesian water within the Queensland aspect of the Great Artesian Basin began in 1939. These investigations produced a Queensland phenomenon without Australian precedent in terms of rationale, geographical diversity, and commitment of resources. In some regions, exposure of herds to fluoride emerged as an urgent issue because fluoride was perceived as an invasive, invisible, and odourless 'contaminant' in artesian water. This paper discusses the scientific background to, and management of, concerns over the consumption by stock of artesian water with a high concentration of natural bioavailable fluoride. The Queensland Department of Agriculture and Stock managed the problem by scientific investigation, methodical field study, and the application of research findings to animal husbandry. The practical solutions arrived at involved rotation of stock on an age-related basis to and from certain bore supplies, fencing young sheep away from the artesian supply, fencing young sheep near the bore-head, and limiting the use of supplements.
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Żuchowska-Grzywacz, Monika. "Dobrowolny system znakowania „wolne od GMO” – doświadczenia systemu niemieckiego w kontekście projektu polskiej ustawy." Studia Iuridica 78 (May 29, 2019): 550–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2332.
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The article is an attempt to present the draft of the act on the labeling of products made without the use of genetically modified organisms designed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development and on the amendment of some other acts, based on the experience of the “Ohne Gentechnikˮ system in Germany. The article also presents issues directly related to the indicated issues, namely GM food issues and legal regulations regulating it. The aim of the study is to analyze legal assumptions in the indicated scope, with particular emphasis on the German practice and to determine the significance, benefits and problems resulting from the introduction of such a system for consumers and entrepreneurs. The study uses the method of content analysis and analysis of documents, which makes it possible to highlight the multi-aspect nature of the discussed issue and its significance. References were made to legal acts, periodicals and monographs. The information provided by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, german Association “Food without genetic engineeringˮ (VLOG), organizations associating entrepreneurs, consumers, social organizations and data on the official websites of these organizations were used. The critical interpretation of texts, in particular legal ones, allowed to determine current trends. Methods of comparative law were also used in the field of methods, comparing two systems of marking: German and designed Polish, which helped to broaden the cognitive perspective and indicate the directions of legislative solutions.
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Prihanti, Agusta Ika, Tri Kuntoro Priyambodo, Bayu Sutikno, and Hendrie Adji Kusworo. "The Social Dimensions’ Aspects of Sustainable Tourism Development Analysis: A Systematic Literature Review." Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities 4 (2020): 00001. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.44348.
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There is a synergistic potential between heritage and tourism which can offer a type of special interest tourism. However, despite the potential, it also brings out conflicts that result in negative socio-cultural impacts. Therefore, sustainability issues should be considered in developing heritage tourism. There are three dimensions incorporate in Sustainable Development, which are environment, economic, and social. As sustainable tourism was derived from sustainable development, thus the three dimensions of sustainable development are also applied in sustainable tourism development, especially in sustainable heritage tourism. Generally, the relationships between the three aspects of sustainable development are assumed to be compatible and mutually supportive. However, among the three dimensions of sustainable development, social sustainability is the least developed and often is proposed in relation to ecological or economic sustainability. There have been efforts to address and incorporate the social dimension of sustainability into standard setters, planners, and practitioners in many diverse areas such as forest certification, organic agriculture, conventional agriculture, urban and regional planning, corporate social and environmental management, reporting, and responsibility and fair-trade certification. However, there are still few studies of the social dimension in tourism development. To achieve sustainable tourism development, we cannot neglect the social dimension and only focuses on the economic and environmental dimensions. Social sustainability is not absolute or constant which has to be considered as a dynamic concept, which will change over time in a place. The purpose of this study exploring the key aspects of sustainable tourism development social dimension which is linked to theoretical and on how we should define and understand the fluid concept of the social dimension in tourism sustainability that can also be applied in heritage tourism. This research is using a systematic literature review to identify social dimension aspects or themes of sustainable development, sustainable tourism development, and sustainable heritage tourism. The preliminary findings show that there are few studies of the social dimension of sustainable tourism development. Therefore, it is rather difficult to obtain related articles of the social dimension, especially in the tourism subject fields. To this point, 160 works of literature were obtained and after screening, assessing, and selecting against the criteria for eligibility, there were 19 pieces of literature selected. Selected literature was reviewed to explore how the social dimension aspect in sustainable development debates is variously understood and how it constructs a social pillar. This research compiles a cross-disciplinary major theoretical concept from sustainable development, sustainable tourism development, heritage tourism, political sociology, economic theory, social theory, governance, and urban development to build a new multi-dimensional inquiry into the subject of social sustainability. Thus, this research gives a comprehension of the aspects of social sustainability which contributes to the improvement of the fluid concept of social tourism sustainability, especially in heritage tourism.
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Sulistyo, Ary. "Local Community and Its Existence: The Environmental Wisdom of Kasepuhan Community at Kampong Cengkuk, Sukabumi District, West Java." Sosioglobal : Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Sosiologi 3, no. 2 (July 13, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jsg.v3i2.20374.
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The research focused on the eternality of environmental preservation of indigenous Sunda Village of Kasepuhan Ciptagelar at Southern Halimun Mountain, Sukabumi District, West Java. The local community still exist with living heritage of Sundaness tradition and culture as well as rural tourism. The study associated with the depreciation of land and population growth. Socio-culture approach on this research has focused into environmental wisdom values that occupied the forest land. The result showed that Kasepuhan indigenous tradition is still practicing by community that protected the forestland at the south of the settlement only for their subsistence. Social-culture changes were occurring in the community with no agricultural activities in the forest (outer islands agriculture), but farmed in rice field activities (wet rice cultivation). Reduction in process and ceremonial activities also happened. More profane activities were developing economic crops in kebun-talun. The spatial pattern in environmental aspect was still have position; mountains-settlement-rivers; the main village of Kasepuhan—and the compose of several cluster villages. Indigenous villages that were geographically higher usually have more stricted tradition than the lower one.
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Dorato, Elena. "resilience and cultural landscapes." Convergences - Journal of Research and Arts Education 13, no. 25 (August 9, 2021): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53681/c1514225187514391s.25.6.
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Current climatc, social and fnancial phenomena have triggered deep modifcatons in cultural landscapes, threatening their fragile territories and the communites that live in them. Nevertheless, they also represent a challenge to fnd a renewed link between forms of human actvity and the producton of landscape in order to understand its future evolutons. This paper deals with this feld of investgaton in the context of the Cinque Terre Natonal Park, in Italy, through scenario planning criteria with the goal of rethinking the heritagelisted system of traditonal terraced agriculture systems as an infrastructural element for a resilient territory. Startng from the Universal Soil Loss Equaton (USLE), it identfes the main territorial factors of uncertainty and accordingly suggests possible interventon categories on the wider scale of the so-called slope units, through 2x2 matrixes. Defning a resilient transformaton program for the environmental system of the Cinque Terre Natonal Park over a twenty-year tme frame means considering adaptability as a key aspect in diferent scenarios that might be generated in the near future.
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Mayarni, Zaili Rusli, Geovani Meiwanda, and Abdul Sadad. "Institutional Governance for the Utilization of Post Replanting Sustainable Palm Oil in Riau Province." Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal 3, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/biohs.v3i1.367.
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Built-in oil palm plantations have multiple functions, namely economic, social and environmental functions that are not owned by other sectors outside agriculture. With this multifunctionality, oil palm plantations contribute, both economically, socially and environmentally, to the achievement of the SDGs. This study aims to determine institutional governance related to utilizing palm sap into brown sugar as a source of post-replanting income in order to improve the sustainable economic aspects of the community. This research chooses a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The results of this study found that in the management of palm sap in the village of maredan barat, tualang sub-district, siak district, during the replanting period, a strong and well-coordinated management system was needed, so that the management of this palm sap could develop, especially to improve the community's economic level in a sustainable manner, considering the potential of palm oil which is still in nature. global and has a long-term advantage. Increasing partnerships in terms of management is also a major aspect for the realization of this sustainability.