Academic literature on the topic 'Agriculture connectée'
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Journal articles on the topic "Agriculture connectée"
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Parache, Pascal. "Agriculture connectée, pour qui pour quoi ?" Pour N° 234-235, no. 2 (2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pour.234.0103.
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Paul, P. K., and R. R. Sinha. "Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Agriculture: With Reference to Applications and Emerging Concern." Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 9, no. 1 (May 5, 2020): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2020.9.1.2370.
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Agricultural Informatics is one of the important emerging domains gaining popularity in recent years. This is simply the application of Information Technology and Computing in Agriculture and allied activities. This is also the combination of ‘Agricultural Science’ and ‘Informatics or Information Science’. This emerging as an interdisciplinary subject and provides solutions for the smarter agriculture and advancement of the agricultural sectors. It is connected with various kinds of information and technological tools. In the recent past, various IT components have emerged and all these are responsible for the agricultural activities leading to cultivation; its enhancement, productivity, quality, cleanliness, efficiency, post agricultural activities. The Agricultural Informatics is responsible for the design, development, management and implementation of the advanced and intelligent agricultural systems, that may call as ‘Smart Agriculture’ or it may be called as ‘Digital Agriculture’. For the creation of such agricultural systems, various emerging Information Technological tools and technologies are emerging and among these important are Cloud Computing, Big Data, Internet of Things (IoT), Robotics & Artificial Intelligence, Human Computer Interaction, etc. Internet of Things (IoT) is applicable in designing and development of healthy and intelligent information systems that are connected with the internet and similar systems. IoT is responsible for various kinds of Agricultural development activities. This paper is conceptual in nature and deals with a brief overview on Agricultural Informatics including evolution, features and role and importance in the concentration of its applications in the creation of ‘Smart Agriculture’ and also emphasized how IoT and similar systems are helpful in promotion of Agricultural activities, intelligent and smarter way. Paper also highlighted about the issues, challenges and concerns on Agricultural Informatics with special reference to its IoT applications in Agriculture towards the promotion of Smart Agriculture.
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Rabhi, Loubna, Brahim Jabir, Noureddine Falih, Lekbir Afraites, and Belaid Bouikhalene. "A Connected farm Metamodeling Using Advanced Information Technologies for an Agriculture 4.0." Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/aol.2023.150208.
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The agriculture 4.0 revolution is an opportunity for farmers to meet the challenges in food production. It has become necessary to adopt a set of agricultural practices based on advanced technologies following the agriculture 4.0 revolution. This latter enables the creation of added value by combining innovative technologies: precision agriculture, information and communication technology, robotics, and Big Data. As an enterprise, a connected farm is also highly sensitive to strategic changes like organizational changes, changes in objectives, modified variety, new business objects, processes, etc. To strategically control its information system, we propose a metamodeling approach based on the ISO/IS 19440 enterprise meta-model, where we added some new constructs relating to new advanced digital technologies for Smart and Connected agriculture.
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Iftime, Daniel, and Claude Laguë. "Connected and autonomous electric and fuel-cell powered agricultural power units: A feasibility study." Canadian Biosystems Engineering 63, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 2.41–2.50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7451/cbe.2021.63.2.41.
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Agricultural labour shortages coupled with a required increase in global food production and increasingly stringent sustainable farming legislation are creating a ‘perfect storm’ opportunity for a much greater reliance on electric and autonomous technologies in agriculture. Fuel cell (FC), electric vehicle (EV), and connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) technologies are being successfully adapted to meet the needs of several on-road and off-road vehicular applications. In this article, we focus on the feasibility of integrating FC, EV, and CAV technologies to power units adapted to the autonomous completion of agricultural field operations. Such small-scale autonomous agricultural power units (AAPU) would be intended for cluster/fleet operations and feature communication capabilities facilitated through a next-generation network infrastructure. These AAPUs would be compatible with a variety of agricultural implements to provide operational versatility and value to a wide range of farming operations. Such FC & EV powered AAPUs could reduce lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural operations by an average of 70% relative to emissions from diesel power units. This article further demonstrates that these autonomous technologies could be leveraged at a cost comparable to current diesel operations in agriculture.
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KOCISZEWSKI, Karol. "Sustainable development of agriculture - theoretical aspects and their implications." Economic and Environmental Studies 18, no. 3 (47) (November 26, 2020): 1119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/ees.2018.47.5.
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The objective is to provide a systematization of concepts connected with sustainable development of agriculture (SDA) as the basis for indication of directions of changes in Polish agriculture. The author applied descriptive and comparative analyses based on a survey of the literature to indicate the differences between the described concepts. Both sustainable agricultural and rural development (SARD) and multifunctional rural development (MRD) could be connected with reduced agricultural production, which would bring positive and negative environmental consequences. The multifunctional agriculture cannot exist without production, so it is more favourable for SD, however it should be based on environmental requirements. Then it is close to sustainable agriculture. Considering these concepts, the author formulated and used his own definition of the SDA and its objectives. The sensitive rule of sustainability with secured critical natural capital is the proper one for agriculture in Poland. Currentl , Polish agriculture is in dual development (industrialisation and sustainable transition). For the SDA, the support for agriculture should be conditioned by compliance with basic environmental standards and by provision of public goods. It depends on properly directed and effectively implemented environmental and economic measures of the CAP.
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Grega, Libor. "Agricultural trade liberalization and positive externalities." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 53, no. 3 (2005): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200553030035.
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Changes in the perception of economic growth within the context of sustainable development lead to the broadly defined concept of further development of all industries, while agriculture plays qualitatively new role in this concept. Agriculture is not any more viewed only as an industry ensuring nutrition of population, but also its non-production benefit has growing importance. There is growing importance of the concept of multifunctionality of agriculture both in the Czech Republic and in the whole European Union, where agriculture historically played an important role in landscape formation and determined the development of social structures, while these aspects have growing importance for formulating of agricultural policies. Multifunctionality reflects the fact, that agriculture produces many food and non-food commodities, while some of them have the character of externalities and public goods.One of important conditions of efficient conception of agricultural policy is the answer on the question, what is the impact of growing trade liberalization on social welfare, respectively welfare of producers and consumers, if there are positive agricultural externalities. The analysis brings comparison in welfare development when externalities are internalized and when they are not. There are important consequences for social welfare, if state does not evaluate extra-production benefit of agriculture in a proper way.For the distribution analysis of benefits and costs of agricultural trade liberalization in presence of positive externalities connected with agricultural production, e.g. the analysis of impacts on consumers, producers and social welfare, is used traditional international trade model.Under the present tendency to liberalization of world agricultural markets there should be an effort of policy makers to internalise agricultural externalities. If there are agricultural industries, which are net exporters and at the same time produce positive agricultural externalities, trade liberalization brings additional increase of social welfare, connected with increased production of given agricultural commodity and at the same time increased production of positive agricultural externality. Growth of social welfare will be higher if positive agricultural externality will be internalised.For agricultural industries with positive externalities which are net importers, the change of social welfare brought by trade liberalization is not obvious. It depends on concrete character of cost and demand curves. However in any case, the social welfare will be higher with internalised externality that without internalization.
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U, ShriNidhi. "Uplifting a Farmer through Connected Ecosystem." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 01 (January 19, 2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem40911.
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This project consists of developing a unified platform which can help farmers and consumers to come on the same platform and buy the agricultural products directly from the farmers. The application offers smooth online payment, user and farmer profile administration and real time inventory up to date. They are also key in establishing trust as they onboard verified farmers, and upload schemes which are advantageous to the farmers. Further down the line, vehicle and land renting functionalities, as well as tiny fertilizer management, will give farmers more support. Using this app, farmers can rent so agricultural machinery that includes tractor and harvesters at nominal costs finally using technology which was earlier not affordable for them. Farmer's use user friendly interfaces and robust backends to communicate with rental providers, manage bookings and track real time updates. The system is administered by an administration access pool who are responsible for overseeing the system (transaction transparency and efficient dispute resolution) as well as providing the users with the freedom to explore the ecosystem and contribute to it when they wish. We aim to help the agricultural community eliminate costs, increase production of goods, and work together. With this app, digital tools help fill the gap between modern tech and old school farming so we can farm a prosperous and sustainable future. Keywords—- Farm-to-Consumer, Agriculture, Scheme Management, Vehicle Renting, Fertilizer, Land Renting.
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Adebunmi Okechukwu Adewusi, Njideka Rita Chiekezie, and Nsisong Louis Eyo-Udo. "Cybersecurity in precision agriculture: Protecting data integrity and privacy." International Journal of Applied Research in Social Sciences 5, no. 10 (December 30, 2023): 693–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijarss.v5i10.1482.
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Precision agriculture, an innovative approach to farming that leverages data-driven technologies, has revolutionized the agricultural sector by enhancing productivity, resource efficiency, and sustainability. However, the increasing reliance on digital tools and connected devices has introduced significant cybersecurity challenges, particularly concerning data integrity and privacy. This paper explores the critical importance of cybersecurity in precision agriculture, focusing on protecting sensitive agricultural data from breaches, unauthorized access, and potential manipulation. As precision agriculture systems collect vast amounts of data through sensors, drones, and GPS-enabled devices, the risk of cyber threats has escalated. These threats can compromise the integrity of critical data, leading to inaccurate decision-making, financial losses, and disruption of agricultural operations. Moreover, the interconnected nature of precision agriculture systems makes them vulnerable to cyberattacks that could have widespread implications across the agricultural supply chain. This study examines the key cybersecurity challenges in precision agriculture, including the protection of data at rest and in transit, the safeguarding of privacy in data sharing among stakeholders, and the implementation of robust encryption and authentication mechanisms. It also highlights the importance of developing industry-specific cybersecurity standards and best practices tailored to the unique needs of the agricultural sector. Furthermore, the paper discusses the ethical considerations of data privacy in precision agriculture, emphasizing the need to balance technological advancement with the protection of farmers' and consumers' rights. The potential consequences of inadequate cybersecurity measures, such as the loss of trust in digital farming technologies and the erosion of competitive advantage, are also addressed. In conclusion, as precision agriculture continues to evolve, ensuring the integrity and privacy of agricultural data through effective cybersecurity measures is paramount. This will not only protect the agricultural sector from emerging cyber threats but also foster the sustainable growth and adoption of precision agriculture technologies. Keywords: Cybersecurity, Precision Agriculture, Data Privacy, Data Integrity, Protecting.
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Fuchs, Andreas. "Connected agricultural machinery." ATZoffhighway worldwide 10, no. 4 (November 2017): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41321-017-0057-9.
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Kłusek, Mirosław. "Archiwalia Państwowego Banku Rolnego jako źródło do badań nad historią gospodarczą polskiej wsi i rolnictwa w I poł. XX w." Archeion, no. 121 (2020): 271–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.20.010.12967.
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Archival materials of the Polish Agricultural Bank as a source for research on the economic history of the Polish countryside and agriculture in the first half of the 20th c. The body of work of historians regarding the Polish countryside and agriculture in the first half of the 20th century is relatively extensive. The majority of studies on farming primarily address the post-war period, discuss the interwar period to a lesser degree, with barely touching upon the Nazi occupation. The situation is similar when it comes to publications regarding particular areas of agriculture and the means of production. Unfortunately, what those publications have in common is that none of them uses materials connected to agricultural banking. The objective of the article is to encourage those who study or intend to study the economic history of the Polish countryside and agriculture of the first half of the 20th century to research the records of the State Agricultural Bank (1919–1949) kept by the National Archives. Analysis of the publications related to the State Agricultural Bank (hereinafter the PBR) and the archive materials connected with its activity, kept by the National Archives, suggests that: 1. The BPR had a key role in implementing the farming policy of the national authorities and was crucial to the development of agriculture and the countryside; 2. the legacy of the PBR in the National Archives is remarkably vast (tens of thousands of archive units) and covers a wide range of issues, from banking through the development of farming to the situation in the countryside in the first half of the 20th century; 3. the vast credit records of the PBR kept by the National Archives offer a wide range of possibilities for the researchers focused on the economic history of the Polish countryside and agriculture, as they provide a plethora of interesting information on the situation of agriculture and farmers between 1919 and 1949.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agriculture connectée"
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Bouyedda, Abdellatif. "Optimisation de la chaîne de transmission radio en bande ISM pour des applications IoT, notamment en agriculture connectée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LIMO0116.
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Cette thèse a examiné des solutions innovantes pour optimiser la connectivité et les performances des objets connectés, en mettant particulièrement l'accent sur l'agriculture connectée, où garantir la connectivité est crucial. En analysant les technologies LPWAN et satellitaires, nous avons démontré que la connectivité hybride constitue une approche prometteuse pour couvrir les zones blanches, notamment dans des régions rurales isolées. Un prototype d’antenne pour la communication par satellite a été conçu pour assurer une réception efficace avec la constellation Kinéis, tandis qu'une antenne reconfigurable en fréquence a été développée pour faciliter des communications flexibles entre les réseaux terrestres et satellites. De plus, l'amélioration d'un système TPMS, spécifiquement destiné aux engins agricoles, a permis d'accroître la sensibilité et la robustesse du système, répondant ainsi aux exigences des applications dans des environnements difficiles. Malgré certains défis liés à la complexité de fabrication, cette recherche jette des bases solides pour des solutions IoT adaptées aux besoins spécifiques de l’agriculture connectée et ouvre des perspectives pour d'autres secteurs nécessitant une couverture dans des zones reculéesThis thesis examined innovative solutions to optimize the connectivity and performance of connected objects, particularly focusing on connected agriculture, where ensuring connectivity is crucial. By analyzing LPWAN and satellite technologies, we demonstrated that hybrid connectivity represents a promising approach to covering white zones, especially in isolated rural areas. A satellite communication antenna prototype was designed to ensure effective reception with the Kinéis constellation, while a frequency-reconfigurable antenna was developed to facilitate flexible communications between terrestrial and satellite networks. Additionally, the enhancement of a TPMS system, specifically aimed at agricultural machinery, significantly increased the sensitivity and robustness of the system, thus meeting the requirements of applications in challenging environments. Despite certain challenges related to manufacturing complexity, this research lays a solid foundation for IoT solutions tailored to the specific needs of connected agriculture and opens perspectives for other sectors requiring coverage in remote areas
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Leca, Dimitri. "Navigation autonome d'un robot agricole." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOU30036.
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Le travail sur lequel porte cette thèse s'inscrit dans le domaine de la robotique agricole. Il s'agit de développer des stratégies de navigation permettant à un robot mobile d'évoluer et d'intervenir de manière autonome et en toute sécurité dans une exploitation. Ce type d'environnement agricole est fortement évolutif et comporte de nombreux obstacles statiques (bâtiments, zones de stockage, etc.) et dynamiques (voitures, machines agricoles, opérateurs humains, animaux, etc.). La stratégie de navigation proposée doit donc être à la fois réactive et adaptative. Par conséquent, cette thèse se concentre sur la conception de méthodes de navigation référencées capteurs (LiDAR, vision, ...) et d'évitement d'obstacles en environnements statiques mais aussi fortement dynamiques. De par la diversité des environnements et des cas possibles, nous avons souhaité développer des méthodes qui soient les plus génériques possible, pouvant gérer les cas à la fois statiques et dynamiques. Ainsi, nous introduirons d'abord les spirales, qui permettent d'obtenir des trajectoires d'évitement pertinentes et flexibles. Ensuite, nous présenterons notre méthode de navigation et d'évitement d'obstacles, basée sur une paramétrisation dynamique des spirales en fonction de l'évolution de l'environnement. Nous verrons que de par l'aspect générique des spirales, cette méthode peut être aisément adaptée pour fonctionner dans un cadre statique mais aussi dans un cadre dynamique. Pour finir, ces solutions seront validées en simulation, puis portées sur un robot mobile pour des expérimentations en conditions réellesThis thesis explores the field of agricultural robotics. It aims at developing navigation strategies allowing a mobile robot to navigate safely and autonomously inside a farm. This kind of agricultural environment is highly evolutive and includes many static obstacles (buildings, storage areas, etc.) and dynamic obstacles (cars, agricultural machines, human operators, animals, etc.). The proposed navigation strategy must therefore be both reactive and adaptive. Consequently, this thesis focuses on the design of sensor-based navigation methods (LiDAR, vision, ...) and obstacle avoidance techniques in static but also highly dynamic environments. Due to the diversity of environments and possible cases, we have developed methods that are as generic as possible, able to handle both static and dynamic cases. Thus, we will first introduce the spirals, which allow to obtain relevant and flexible avoidance trajectories. Then, we will present our method of navigation and obstacle avoidance, based on a dynamic parametrization of the spirals according to the evolution of the environment. We will show that due to the generic aspect of spirals, this method can be easily adapted to avoid both static and dynamic obstacles. Finally, these solutions will be first validated in simulation, then implemented on a mobile robot for experiments in real conditions
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Nguyen, Quang-Duy. "Interoperability and Upgradability Improvement for Context-Aware Systems in Agriculture 4.0." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAC017.
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La prochaine évolution de l’agriculture est l’Agriculture 4.0. Dans ce domaine, les nouvelles technologies de l’Internet des Objets (IdO) et les systèmes contextuels sont utilisés pour améliorer les performances des activités agricoles. Un système contextuel est un système capable de réagir automatiquement et adéquatement en fonction du contexte. Le fait d’utiliser un tel système permet non seulement de réduire la charge de travail des agriculteurs, mais aussi d’améliorer la précision des activités agricoles. Cependant, leur emploi dans le monde rencontre deux obstacles spécifiques. Le premier obstacle est le besoin de mettre régulièrement à jour le système contextuel sans changer sa fonctionnalité. Ce besoin s’appuie sur le fait que l’agriculture est une activité saisonnière, avec un lieu de travail externe, ce qui implique plusieurs facteurs imprévisibles qui influent sur les aspects logiciels et matériels du système. Le deuxième obstacle est l’hétérogénéité de données générées à partir du système contextuel. Dans le domaine agricole, on trouve des capteurs variés observant des phénomènes variés et produisant des données également variées. Représenter ces données est un fait nécessaire pour l’interopérabilité des dispositifs à l’intérieur un système contextuel, ou pour l’interopérabilité de plusieurs systèmes contextuels différents à l’intérieur l’écosystème de l’IdO. Cette thèse propose trois contributions. La première est une architecture s’appuyant sur le principe de microservice. Cette architecture est une pile de services pour les systèmes contextuels, qui permet aux développeurs d’un système de se focaliser sur les objectifs des services plutôt que leurs aspects logiciels et matériels. La deuxième contribution est une ontologie, intitulé CASO, dédiée aux systèmes contextuels. Cette ontologie fournit un vocabulaire pour modéliser les données générées par le système contextuel. De plus, elle inclut un mécanisme pour créer des règles de raisonnement. La troisième contribution est un système d’aide à la décision (SAD) pour l’irrigation automatique, développé à partir d’IRRINOV® , une méthode d’irrigation manuelle. Il fait partie d’un système contextuel dédié à l’irrigation de l’équipe TSCF d’INRAE. Ce SAD est basé sur la pile de services pour les systèmes contextuels,et utilise l’ontologie IRRIG, une spécialisation de CASO dédiée à l’irrigation. Les trois contributions vont être appliquées dans un système contextuel d’irrigation déployé dans l’AgroTechnoPôle, situé à Montoldre, en FranceThe next evolution of agriculture is Agriculture 4.0. Agriculture 4.0 is about using technologies ofthe Internet of Things (IoT) and Context-Aware Systems (CASs) to increase the performance offarming activities. A CAS can react automatically and adequately to the environment based onits context. Applying CASs in agriculture can reduce farm labor and increase the precision offarming activities. However, it encounters two challenges specific to agriculture. The firstchallenge relies on the need to upgrade a CAS regularly with new computing devices orsoftware programs without changing its functionality. Indeed, natural factors, such as violentweather and wild animals, can damage the computing devices located on farmland. Moreover,after each farming season, farmers may need to upgrade their system with new computingdevices and software programs. The second challenge is the data heterogeneity generated froma CAS. In agriculture, various phenomena involve the need to have different sensor devices thatmake numerous types of measurements and produce heterogeneous data. Representing all ofthese heterogeneous data is necessary for the interoperability of different computing devices ina CAS or the interoperability between different CASs in the IoT ecosystem. This thesis proposesthree contributions. The first contribution addresses the first challenge. It is a new architecturebased on the microservice mindset that allows system developers to focus on the services’goals rather than the computing devices and software programs of a CAS. This newarchitecture is called the stack of services for CASs. The second contribution addresses thesecond challenge. It is a new ontology for CASs named CASO. The ontology provides avocabulary to model heterogeneous data generated from CASs and embodies a mechanism tomake rules for reasoning. The third contribution is to build a decision support system (DSS) forthe irrigation CAS in the research unit TSCF, INRAE. The design of the DSS relies on the stackof services for CASs. Moreover, the DSS uses a new ontology called IRRIG, a specialization ofCASO for irrigation. The DSS is an automation version of the manual irrigation methodIRRINOV®. All the guidelines for farmers in IRRINOV® are transformed into rules for reasoning.The contributions of this thesis are going to be applied to build a smart irrigation CAS deployedin AgroTechnoPôle, located in Montoldre, France
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Mohammad, Ammad Uddin. "UAV Routing Protocol (URP) for crop health management." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0147/document.
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Les réseaux de capteurs sans fil sont maintenant un moyen crédible de collecte de données sur les cultures. L'installation d'une structure de communication fixe pour relayer les données surveillées depuis la tête de grappe jusqu'à sa destination finale peut être soit impraticable en raison de la topologie du terrain, soit prohibitive en raison du coût initial élevé. Une solution plausible consiste à utiliser des véhicules aériens sans pilote (UAV) comme moyen alternatif de collecte de données et de contrôle de supervision limité de l'état des détecteurs. Dans cet article, nous considérons le cas des parcelles agricoles disjointes comprenant chacune des grappes de capteurs, organisées de manière prédéterminée en fonction des objectifs d'élevage. Cette recherche vise à trouver une solution optimale pour la recherche de UAV et la collecte de données à partir de tous les capteurs installés dans un champ de culture. En outre, le protocole de routage des capteurs tiendra compte d'un compromis entre la gestion de l'énergie et les frais généraux de diffusion des données. Le système proposé est évalué en utilisant un modèle simulé et il devrait trouver une classe parmi toutes les sous-considérationsWireless sensor networks are now a credible means for crop data collection. The installation of a fixed communication structure to relay the monitored data from the cluster head to its final destination can either be impractical because of land topology or prohibitive due to high initial cost. A plausible solution is to use Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) as an alternative means for both data collection and limited supervisory control of sensors status. In this paper, we consider the case of disjoint farming parcels each including clusters of sensors, organized in a predetermined way according to farming objectives. This research focuses to drive an optimal solution for UAV search and data gathering from all sensors installed in a crop field. Furthermore, the sensor routing protocol will take into account a tradeoff between energy management and data dissemination overhead.The proposed system is evaluated by using a simulated model and it should find out a class among all under consideration
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Gnanguenon, guesse Girault. "Modélisation et visualisation des liens entre cinétiques de variables agro-environnementales et qualité des produits dans une approche parcimonieuse et structurée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021MONTS139.
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L'essor de l'agriculture numérique permet de plus en plus d'observer de manière automatisée et parfois à haute fréquence des dynamiques d'élaboration de la production et de sa qualité en fonction du climat. Les données issues de ces observations dynamiques peuvent être considérées comme des données fonctionnelles. Analyser ce nouveau type de données nécessite d'étendre les outils statistiques usuels au cas fonctionnel ou d'en proposer de nouveaux.Nous avons proposé dans cette thèse une nouvelle approche (SpiceFP: Sparse and Structured Procedure to Identify Combined Effects of Functional Predictors) permettant d'expliquer les variations d'une variable réponse scalaire par deux ou trois prédicteurs fonctionnels dans un contexte d'influence conjointe de ces derniers. Une attention particulière a été apportée à l'interprétabilité des résultats via l'utilisation de classes d'intervalles combinées définissant une partition du domaine d'observation des facteurs explicatifs. Les développements récents autour des modèles LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) ont été adaptés pour estimer les régions d'influence dans la partition via une régression pénalisée généralisée. L'approche intègre aussi une double sélection, de modèles (parmi les partitions possibles) et de variables (pour une partition donnée) à partir des critères d'information AIC et BIC. La présentation méthodologique de l'approche, son étude grâce à des simulations ainsi qu'une étude de cas basée sur des données réelles ont été présentés dans le chapitre 2.Les données réelles utilisées au cours de cette thèse proviennent d'une expérimentation viticole visant à mieux comprendre l'impact du changement climatique sur l'accumulation d'anthocyanes dans les baies. L'analyse de ces données dans le chapitre 3 à l'aide de l'approche SpiceFP que nous avons étendue a permis d'identifier un impact négatif des combinaisons matinales de faible irradiance (inférieure à environ 100 µmol/s/m2 ou 45 µmol/s/m2 selon l'état avancé-retardé des baies) et température élevée (supérieure à environ 25°C). Une légère différence induite par la température de la nuit a été observée entre ces effets identifiés en matinée.Dans le chapitre 4 de cette thèse, nous proposons une implémentation de l'approche proposée sous la forme d'un package R. Cette implémentation fournit un ensemble de fonctions permettant de construire les intervalles de classes suivant des échelles linéaire ou logarithmique, de transformer les prédicteurs fonctionnels grâces aux classes d'intervalles combinées puis de mettre en oeuvre l'approche en deux ou trois dimensions. D'autres fonctions facilitent la réalisation de post-traitements ou permettent à l'utilisateur de s'intéresser à d'autres modèles que ceux retenus par l'approche comme par exemple une moyenne de différents modèles.Mots clés: Régressions pénalisées, Interaction, critères d'information, scalar-on-function, coefficients interprétables, microclimat de la vigneThe development of digital agriculture allows to observe at high frequency the dynamics of production according to the climate. Data from these dynamic observations can be considered as functional data. To analyze this new type of data, it is necessary to extend the usual statistical tools to the functional case or develop new ones.In this thesis, we have proposed a new approach (SpiceFP: Sparse and Structured Procedure to Identify Combined Effects of Functional Predictors) to explain the variations of a scalar response variable by two or three functional predictors in a context of joint influence of these predictors. Particular attention was paid to the interpretability of the results through the use of combined interval classes defining a partition of the observation domain of the explanatory factors. Recent developments around LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) models have been adapted to estimate the areas of influence in the partition via a generalized penalized regression. The approach also integrates a double selection, of models (among the possible partitions) and of variables (areas inside a given partition) based on AIC and BIC information criteria. The methodological description of the approach, its study through simulations as well as a case study based on real data have been presented in chapter 2 of this thesis.The real data used in this thesis were obtained from a vineyard experiment aimed at understanding the impact of climate change on anthcyanins accumulation in berries. Analysis of these data in chapter 3 using SpiceFP and one extension identified a negative impact of morning combinations of low irradiance (lower than about 100 µmol/s/m2 or 45 µmol/s/m2 depending on the advanced-delayed state of the berries) and high temperature (higher than about 25°C). A slight difference associated with overnight temperature occurred between these effects identified in the morning.In chapter 4 of this thesis, we propose an implementation of the proposed approach as an R package. This implementation provides a set of functions allowing to build the class intervals according to linear or logarithmic scales, to transform the functional predictors using the joint class intervals and finally to execute the approach in two or three dimensions. Other functions help to perform post-processing or allow the user to explore other models than those selected by the approach, such as an average of different models.Keywords: Penalized regressions, Interaction, information criteria, scalar-on-function, interpretable coefficients,grapevine microclimate
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Durant, Valerie A. "Sustainable urban agriculture and forestation : the edible connected city." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26246.
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Current global agricultural practices are recognized as unsustainable. The increase in overall human population as well as the global trend of rural to urban migration, partially as a result of historically and continual unsustainable agricultural practices, exacerbates the vicious cycle of poverty and hunger in developing countries. Furthermore, cities and regions in developed countries practice unsustainable food production, distribution and consumption patterns, and as a result, exceed their global ecological footprint (Rees 2009). Consequently, the world is facing a global food (FAO 2009) and water crisis (UN Sick Water 2010). Cities and Regions must learn to feed themselves to address local food insecurity as well as protect from the climate effects of increased urbanization, including the Urban Heat Island effect (UHIe) by optimizing and fully integrating the local ecosystem services of food, water and forest within a tightly woven compact urban form through the implementation of strategic urban and regional food system planning. Cities can mitigate climate change and reduce the UHIe, by implementing sustainable intensive urban agriculture approaches through policy and zoning interventions that include concepts such as intensively productive urban agriculture that includes green roofs, vertical farming and greenways as continuously productive and edible urban landscapes, referred to in this paper as continuously productive urban agriculture and forestation (CPUAF) in the private and public realm. A highly participative, adaptive systems approach is explored as the key to sustainability within an economic world order that included corporate social responsibility and social enterprise as the foundation for the integration of multiple synergies. An increasing body of evidence often links urban forestation with urban greenery initiatives, as a carbon sink to reduce UHI effects, to reduce GHG emissions and as a tool for urban beautification and place making (ISDR: 2009,109). Urban agriculture, through the production of local food is increasingly recognized as a means to reduce fossil fuel emissions by reducing transportation and production outputs, to provide a secure local food source, enhance biodiversity and educate the public regarding food source while fostering a sense of community, environmental awareness and stewardship. This thesis explores the links between intensive urban agriculture and forestation, and the relationship between climate change, and the UHI’s as an adaptation and mitigation process in global cities, implemented as a interconnected, integrated, holistic urban management approach that has a further benefit of providing food security and a sustainable and local urban food source.Dissertation (MTRP)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Town and Regional Planning
unrestricted
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Reda, Ali. "A multiscale mechanical study of flax stems and fibres for the development of an in-the-field tool capable of predicting optimum retting." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILN055.
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L'agriculture 4.0 se développe actuellement rapidement en termes de recherche, de développement et d'applications commerciales. L'objectif de l'agriculture 4.0 est d'utiliser la technologie pour améliorer tous les domaines de l'agriculture. L'agriculture 4.0 est tellement vaste que si l'on veut y contribuer, il faut choisir un domaine spécifique. Le domaine choisi pour l'étude de ce doctorat est la production de fibres de lin. Les fibres de lin sont des fibres naturellement solides qui peuvent être extraites des tiges de lin. Les tiges de lin ont évolué pour avoir des fibres robustes d'un diamètre de l'ordre du micromètre qui courent le long de l'extérieur de la tige et sont maintenues en place dans le tissu externe de la tige. Une fois extraites et isolées, les fibres de lin ont de nombreuses applications, allant des textiles aux matériaux composites. Afin de faciliter l'extraction mécanique des fibres de lin de leurs tiges mères, les tiges subissent un processus connu sous le nom de « rouissage ». Le rouissage entraîne la décomposition du tissu externe (appelé lamelle moyenne) entre les fibres. Une forme courante de rouissage est connue sous le nom de « rouissage de rosée ». Dans le rouissage de la rosée, des processus naturels tels que les bactéries et les champignons produisent des enzymes qui décomposent la lamelle centrale et séparent progressivement les grappes de fibres et les fibres des grappes. La durée du rouissage dépend fortement des conditions météorologiques. Un rouissage insuffisant entraîne une extraction difficile des fibres dans l'usine, tandis qu'un rouissage excessif peut compromettre la qualité des fibres. On sait depuis longtemps qu'il existe un point de rouissage optimal - même les anciens le savaient. Certains agriculteurs artisans qualifiés sont capables de juger ce point par une combinaison de manipulation manuelle des tiges, d'observation des dommages causés aux tissus externes par cette manœuvre, et aussi d'observation de la couleur et de l'odeur des tiges au cours de ce test très habile, mais artisanal. Il est clair que l'artisan effectue des tests de laboratoire rudimentaires littéralement « sur le terrain ». Il semblerait donc logique d'essayer de quantifier ces tests et de voir si un outil fiable peut être mis au point pour aider l'artisan. Et c'est exactement ce que d'autres ont tenté de faire. L'introduction de la thèse donne des exemples de tentatives de fabrication d'outils de rouissage optimal dans les années 1980 et suivantes. Inspirés par ces premiers travaux, les travaux de cette thèse tentent une caractérisation mécanique multi-échelle complète des tiges et des fibres de lin pendant un cycle de rouissage (été 2022) et, de manière quelque peu ambitieuse, réalisée en temps réel - à notre connaissance pour la première fois. La caractérisation mécanique comprend des essais mécaniques macroscopiques (flexion, écrasement et torsion de la tige), ainsi que des essais mécaniques microscopiques inédits sur des fibres de lin individuelles à l'aide de nouvelles méthodes inspirées des MEMS. En outre, les propriétés mécaniques nanoscopiques de la paroi cellulaire primaire des fibres de lin en cours de rouissage ont été caractérisées à l'aide de l'AFM par nanoindentation. Au fur et à mesure que le travail expérimental, l'analyse via la modélisation analytique et l'interprétation descendent en échelle, de la macro au nano en passant par le micro, nous en apprenons un peu plus sur la manière dont le rouissage affecte les tiges, leurs propriétés et leurs fibres. En plus de l'apprentissage, un résultat très positif du doctorat est que l'on est capable de suggérer un mécanisme de dommage induit mécaniquement dans les tiges, qui pourrait être la base d'un outil. On peut cependant noter que la nature multiparamétrique incontrôlable du sujet, par exemple le temps, signifie que plusieurs études seraient nécessaires pour confirmer sans aucun doute les observations d'un seul cycle de rouissageAgriculture 4.0, also known under several aliases such as ‘digital agriculture', ‘smart farming', and ‘e-farming' is currently developing rapidly in terms of research, development, and commercial applications. As with Agriculture 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0, the objective of Agriculture 4.0 is the use of technology to improve all areas of agriculture. In Agriculture 4.0 it is the application of microelectronics and microtechnologies. Unlike before, these technologies bring things such as the internet-of-things, big data, telecommunications, novel sensing, rapid feedback, data analysis, connectivity, artificial intelligence etc. In principle, all these areas should result in a massive modernization of farming in terms of organisation, yield, efficiency, and quality of produce. However, Agriculture 4.0 is so vast that if one is to contribute to it, even in a minor way, one has to choose a specific area to contribute. The area chosen for the study in this PhD was flax fibre production. Flax fibres are naturally strong fibres which can be extracted from flax stems. The flax stems have evolved to have robust micrometre-diameter fibres running the length of the outside of the stem, and held in place in the external tissue of the stem. Once extracted and isolated, flax fibres have numerous applications ranging from textiles to composite materials. In order to facilitate the mechanical extraction of flax fibres from their parent stems, the stems undergo a process known as ‘retting'. Retting leads to the breakdown of the external tissue between the fibres. A common form of retting is known as ‘dew retting'. In dew retting, natural processes such as bacteria and fungi result in enzymes which break down the middle lamella and gradually separate fibre bunches and fibres from bunches. The length of dew retting depends heavily on the weather. Too little retting results in difficult fibre extraction in the factory, too much retting can result in a compromise in fibre quality. It has long been known that there is an optimum retting point-even the ancients knew this. Certain skilled artisan farmers are able to judge this point via a combination of manual manipulation of the stems, observation of damage caused to the external tissue via this manoeuvre, and also observing the colour and the smell of the stems during this very skilled, but artisanal, testing. It is clear that the artisan is performing rudimentary laboratory tests quite literally ‘in-the-field'. It would seem logical therefore to try to quantify such tests and see if a reliable tool can be made to help the artisan. And indeed, this is exactly what others have attempted. The introduction of the PhD gives examples of attempts to make optimal-retting tools in the 1980s and after. Inspired by this early work, the work of this PhD attempts a full multiscale mechanical characterization of flax stems and fibres during a retting cycle (summer 2022) and, somewhat ambitiously, performed in real time-to our knowledge for the first time. The mechanical characterization involved macroscopic mechanical tests (bending, crushing, and twisting), as well as novel microscopic mechanical testing of single flax fibres using novel methods inspired by MEMS. In addition, the nanoscopic mechanical properties of the primary cell wall of retting flax fibres was characterised using nanoindentation AFM. As the experimental work, analysis via analytical modelling, and interpretation descends in scale from macro, through micro, to nano, we learn a little more of how the retting affects the stems, their properties, and their fibres. In addition to simply learning, a very positive outcome of the PhD is that one is able to suggest a mechanically-induced damage mechanism in stems which could be the basis for a tool. One can note however, that the uncontrollable multiparameter nature of the subject, e.g. the weather, means that several studies would be needed to confirm beyond doubt observations from a single retting cycle
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Bellón, de la Cruz Beatriz. "Une approche multiscalaire par télédétection pour la cartographie et la caractérisation des systèmes agricoles à l’échelle régionale." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AGPT0002.
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Dans un contexte de planification de l’utilisation des terres à l’échelle régionale, la cartographie des systèmes agricoles - espèces cultivées et pratiques culturales - permet de suivre ce qui est produit, où et comment, et constitue donc un élément essentiel d’évaluation régionale de la production et de son impact sur l’environnement. La production d’information sur les systèmes agricoles nécessite généralement beaucoup de données et d’expertise. Cette information est donc très hétérogène en quantité et en qualité dans l'espace et le temps, la disponibilité et les mises à jour étant extrêmement variables selon les pays et les régions. La télédétection, de par sa capacité à fournir une information spatiale synoptique sur l’état et la dynamique de la végétation à partir des images satellitaires, constitue un outil précieux pour le suivi de l’agriculture. Toutefois, la conversion des images en produits cartographiques à l’échelle régionale reste encore du domaine de la recherche pour de nombreuses applications. Cette thèse propose des développements méthodologiques originaux dans une approche multiscalaire semi-automatique basée sur le traitement et l’analyse d’imagerie satellitaire optique pour la cartographie et la caractérisation des systèmes agricoles à l’échelle régionale. L’approche est composée de deux méthodes principales : (i) stratification régionale en unités de paysage et classification de ces unités pour produire une carte de systèmes d’utilisation agricole des terres ; (ii) segmentation à l’échelle de la parcelle et classification non supervisée des segments par une méthode de « landscape-clustering » pour produire une carte de systèmes de culture. Les méthodes ont été développées sur une région d’agriculture intensive, l’État brésilien du Tocantins, où le domaine cultivé, ainsi que les principaux systèmes d’utilisation agricole des terres et systèmes de culture ont été cartographiés avec succès à partir d’une série annuelle d’images NDVI-MODIS et d’une mosaïque d’images Landsat. La reproductibilité de l’approche a ensuite été évaluée au Burkina Faso, où les paysages sont façonnés par la petite agriculture familiale. Seul le domaine cultivé a pu être cartographié avec des résultats satisfaisants, mettant en évidence les limites de ces méthodes et de l’offre actuelle en imagerie satellitaire face aux spécificités contraignantes de ce type d’agriculture pour la télédétection. Les cartes résultantes ont été évaluées avec des données de vérité terrain et des statistiques agricoles, et comparées à d’autres produits cartographiques existants. Les résultats de cette thèse montrent le potentiel de la nouvelle méthode de stratification régionale en unités de paysage qui, à partir de séries temporelles de NDVI et combinée à la méthode de classification de « landscape-clustering », contribue à améliorer de façon significative la discrimination des espèces cultivées et des pratiques agricoles, et permet de représenter les systèmes agricoles à différents niveaux d’organisation spatiale. L’originalité des méthodes développées réside principalement dans la simplicité de leur mise en œuvre. Elles sont presque exclusivement basées sur des données satellitaires et nécessitent peu d’intervention « experte » et de données externes, ce qui leur confère un fort potentiel de reproductibilité. Cette thèse contribue ainsi, avec ces nouvelles méthodes, au développement d'outils génériques pour soutenir le suivi de l’agriculture à grande échelle et fournir des produits d’aide à la décision pour une planification raisonnée de l'utilisation des terres: In a context of regional land-use planning, agricultural systems’ mapping - crop types and cropping practices – allows monitoring of what is being produced, where and how, and therefore represents a key element for regional assessment of the agricultural production and its environmental impact. The production of information on agricultural systems generally requires a lot of data and expertise. This information is thus very heterogeneous in quantity and quality in space and time, the availability and updates being extremely variable between countries and regions. Remote sensing, through its ability to retrieve synoptic spatial information on the state and dynamics of vegetation from satellite images, represents a valuable tool for agricultural monitoring. However, the conversion of images into regional-scale map products remains a field of research for many applications. This thesis presents original methodological developments in a semi-automatic multiscale approach based on the processing and analysis of optical satellite imagery for the mapping and characterization of agricultural systems at regional scale. The approach is composed of two main methods: (i) regional stratification into landscape units and classification of these units to produce a map of agricultural land-use systems; (ii) field-level segmentation and unsupervised classification of the segments by a “landscape-clustering” method to produce a cropping systems’ map. The methods were developed on a region of intensive agriculture, the Brazilian state of Tocantins, where the cultivated area, as well as the main agricultural land-use systems and cropping systems were successfully mapped from an annual NDVI-MODIS time series and a mosaic of Landsat images. The reproducibility of the approach was then assessed in Burkina Faso, where landscapes are shaped by the smallholder agriculture. Only the cultivated area could be mapped with satisfactory results, highlighting the limitations of these methods and the current offer in satellite imagery given the challenging specificities of this type of agriculture for remote sensing. The resulting maps were assessed with ground-truth data and agricultural statistics, and compared to other existing maps. The results of this thesis show the potential of the new method of regional stratification into landscape units which, based on NDVI time series and combined to the unsupervised “landscape-clustering” classification method, contributes to significantly improve discrimination of crop types and agricultural practices, and allows representing the agricultural systems at different levels of spatial organization. The originality of the developed methods lies mainly in the simplicity of their implementation. They are almost exclusively based on satellite data and require little “expert” intervention and external data, which gives them a high reproducibility potential. Thereupon, this thesis contributes, with these novel methods, to the development of generic tools to support large-scale monitoring of agriculture and to provide decision-support products for reasoned land-use planning
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Diebel, Matthew Whitney. "Prioritizing stream restoration in agricultural landscapes." 2008. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.
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Contreras-Moreno, Nancy. "Agricultural technology transfer : assessing 60 years of experiences in Mexico /." 2002. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.
Full textBooks on the topic "Agriculture connectée"
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Canada. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Research Branch. Connect with research: A user's guide to our national networks of agri-food R & D. Ottawa: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1997.
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Canada. Bill: An act to amend the act to provide for the better organization of agricultural societies in Lower Canada, and for other purposes connected with agriculture in Upper and Lower Canada. [Toronto: J. Lovell, 2001.
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Zuev, Sergey, Ruslan Maleev, and Aleksandr Chernov. Energy efficiency of electrical equipment systems of autonomous objects. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1740252.
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When considering the main trends in the development of modern autonomous objects (aircraft, combat vehicles, motor vehicles, floating vehicles, agricultural machines, etc.) in recent decades, two key areas can be identified. The first direction is associated with the improvement of traditional designs of autonomous objects (AO) with an internal combustion engine (ICE) or a gas turbine engine (GTD). The second direction is connected with the creation of new types of joint-stock companies, namely electric joint-stock companies( EAO), joint-stock companies with combined power plants (AOKEU).
The energy efficiency is largely determined by the power of the generator set and the battery, which is given to the electrical network in various driving modes.
Most of the existing methods for calculating power supply systems use the average values of disturbing factors (generator speed, current of electric energy consumers, voltage in the on-board network) when choosing the characteristics of the generator set and the battery. At the same time, it is obvious that when operating a motor vehicle, these parameters change depending on the driving mode. Modern methods of selecting the main parameters and characteristics of the power supply system do not provide for modeling its interaction with the power unit start-up system of a motor vehicle in operation due to the lack of a systematic approach.
The choice of a generator set and a battery, as well as the concept of the synthesis of the power supply system is a problem studied in the monograph.
For all those interested in electrical engineering and electronics.
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Canada. Bill: An act for granting to Her Majesty certain sums of money required for defraying certain expenses of the civil government for the year 1865, and for certain other purposes connected with the public service. [Québec]: G.E. Desbarats, 2001.
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Canada. Bill: An act for granting to Her Majesty certain sums of money for defraying certain expenses of the civil government for the year One Thousand Eight Hundred and Fifty Three, for the cost of certain public works, and for certain other expenses connected with the public service. [Québec]: S. Derbishire & G. Desbarats, 2001.
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Canada. Bill: An act for granting to Her Majesty certain sums of money required for defraying certain expenses of the civil government for the year 1856, and for certain other expenses connected with the public service, and also for raising a loan on the credit of the consolidated revenue fund. [Toronto: J. Lovell, 2001.
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Barton, Gregory A. The Compost Wars. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199642533.003.0006.
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After the death of Gabrielle Howard from cancer, Albert married her sister Louise. Louise had been pressured to leave Cambridge as a classics lecturer as a result of her pro-peace writings during the First World War. After working for Virginia Wolf, she then worked for the League of Nations in Geneva. Louise was herself an expert on labor and agriculture, and helped Albert write for a popular audience. Albert Howard toured plantations around the world advocating the Indore Method. After the publication of the Agricultural Testament (1943), Albert Howard focused on popularizing his work among gardeners and increasingly connected his composting methods to issues of human health.
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Cerny, Julie, and Ysemay Dercon. Little Gardener: Helping Children Connect with the Natural World. Princeton Architectural Press, 2020.
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Cerny, Julie, and Ysemay Dercon. Little Gardener: Inspire Children to Connect with the Natural World. Princeton Architectural Press, 2020.
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Hume, James Deacon. Thoughts on the Corn-Laws As Connected with Agriculture, Commerce and Finance. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Agriculture connectée"
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Bhuyan, Bikram Pratim, Ravi Tomar, and Anuj Kumar Yadav. "Edge Computing in Smart Agriculture." In Future Connected Technologies, 200–217. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003287612-10.
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Huber, Florian, and Daniel Markward. "AgriCircle: Innovating Agricultural Ecosystems." In Connected Business, 325–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76897-3_21.
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Kansanga, Moses, and Dinko Hannan Dinko. "Visualizing the Gendering of Agricultural Mechanization in the Global South: A Review of the Underlying Drivers." In Gender, Power and Politics in Agriculture, 39–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60986-2_3.
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AbstractWhile mechanization has emerged as a key pathway for improving agriculture in the Global South, the materialization of its perceived benefits has been hindered by gender inequalities in technology use. Deeply connected to this gendering of technology are debates about the drivers of women’s low access to and control of mechanized agricultural technologies. Drawing on the gender mechanization literature and based on insights from mechanization research in sub-Saharan Africa, we explore the multi-scalar factors that explain the gendering of mechanized technologies in the Global South and provide policy recommendations. Overall, our analysis contributes to the gender-mechanization literature by demonstrating that the masculinization of agricultural technologies is not just a product of the widely discussed role of structural factors in local agrarian spaces, but an element of the very design and engineering of mechanized technologies that attribute masculine traits to them, and the consistent deployment of gender (in)sensitive agricultural programs by governments and development partners. Given that masculinization of technology is endemic in agriculture and transcends mechanization, we identify governments and development partners as viable intermediaries who are well positioned to channel feedback on the needs of women to the agricultural machinery industry upstream, while ensuring a gender-sensitive deployment of mechanization services downstream.
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Robdrup, Melissa, Michelle Hubbard, Linda Yuya Gorim, and Monika A. Gorzelak. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Under Intercrop, Regenerative, and Conventional Agriculture Systems." In Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Higher Plants, 287–318. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8220-2_13.
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AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) increase in diversity and abundance in agricultural systems that emphasize soil health practices, including regenerative agriculture and intercropping. Regenerative agriculture in principle includes any practice that increases biodiversity and living roots and integrates livestock while reducing tillage, bare soil, and agrichemical inputs. Intercropping increases biodiversity in an annual system and reduces disease prevalence and weeds while improving soil conditions and yielding more than the equivalent monocrop. These principles and practices simultaneously support AMF proliferation in soils and in turn AMF provide multiple benefits to crops. AMF colonize roots, trading photosynthates for nutrients acquired beyond the reach of the plant root system. While colonizing roots, they trigger innate plant immunity and confer resistance to some insect, fungal, and bacterial pests. Colonized plants hold more water and thus are more resistant to drought. In soils with ample AMF propagules, multiple plants are likely to become connected to their neighbors by a common mycorrhizal network (CMN). Plants connected by a CMN are likely to share beneficial microbes, resistance to disease, and resources. A better understanding of crop root traits and AMF is important to building a wholistic picture of ecological interactions that can be leveraged to maintain agricultural production in intercropped, regenerative, and conventional systems.
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Narasimhan, V. Lakshmi. "Precision Agricultural Management Information Systems (PAMIS)." In Internet of Things and Connected Technologies, 162–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94507-7_16.
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Kaur, Harmandar. "Smart Sensors for Digital Agriculture." In Harnessing the Internet of Things (IoT) for a Hyper-Connected Smart World, 259–98. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003277347-13.
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de Moraes Boos, Felipe, Simon Pfaffmann, Nicolai Tarasinski, and Volker Kegel. "Automation of a Grid Connected Agricultural Swarm." In Proceedings, 3–14. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-29717-6_1.
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Agrawal, Ayush Kumar, and Manisha Bharti. "Aspects and Use of Digital Agriculture Using IoT." In Harnessing the Internet of Things (IoT) for a Hyper-Connected Smart World, 243–58. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003277347-12.
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Ruggeri, Deni. "From Prescription to Adaptation in the Future Productive City: Classroom-Inspired Principles for Design and Planning of Urban Agriculture." In Urban Agriculture in Public Space, 199–221. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41550-0_9.
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AbstractThis chapter reflects on the educational experiences connected to the Cultivating Public Space project. From the onset, the project sought to engage students in creating a toolbox for urban agriculture in public space. Within the classroom, students translated the research findings, activities, and knowledge co-produced by the project partners into sustainable development and urban regeneration strategies based on urban agriculture communities and fully activate its potential as an engine of community cohesion and integration. This required thinking of urban agriculture as more than a collection of objects—boxes, toolsheds, and paths—but as holistic multifunctional landscapes designed to cultivate biophilia, food justice, public health, and community identity. It also demanded celebrating the uniqueness of each context and building upon each locale’s distinctiveness to co-create new visions exemplified as personal and collective stories of adaptation and transformations for all community members. The chapter ends with reflections on a few emergent principles inspired by the partnership between students and the communities to guide future urban agriculture research and practice.
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Ghadiyali, Tejas, Kalpesh Lad, and Jayesh Dhodiya. "Design and Development of the Agricultural Model: A Way to Connect Farmer Community to Agriculture Market for Betterment of Rural Development." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 51–62. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6602-3_6.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Agriculture connectée"
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Saadany, Bassam. "Spectroscopy for Everyday Life: Precision Agriculture, Food and Healthcare." In Applied Industrial Spectroscopy, AW3A.1. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/ais.2024.aw3a.1.
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In this talk, we discuss the use of micro spectrometers – as tiny optical sensors- with lab-grade performance for precision agriculture, food testing as well as healthcare applications. Showing how the small size, light weight and scalability of a MEMS based sensor enables in-field testing through hand-held and connected scanners. We will be showing the widespread use of applications and the positive impact in real life examples. Full-text article not available; see video presentation
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Santos, Pedro dos, Marcel Wingert, Marco Guerreiro, and Steven Liu. "Adaptive Control for Enhanced Performance in Grid-Connected Agricultural Machines." In 2024 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG), 1–6. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pedg61800.2024.10667375.
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Arularasan, R., Rama Prabha K.P, R. Vinitha, T. Praveena, Ezhil E. Nithila, and S. Ravi. "Smart Irrigation: Enhancing Agricultural Efficiency with IoT-Connected Drones and Machine Learning." In 2024 IEEE North Karnataka Subsection Flagship International Conference (NKCon), 1–6. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/nkcon62728.2024.10775252.
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BESUSPARIENĖ, Erika. "SINGULARITY OF SUSTAINABLE TAXATION IN AGRICULTURE." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.232.
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Agricultural sector is different from industrial or service sectors due to its specific functions, i.e. food function, social function, economic situation on country growth function, environmental function. These functions of agricultural sector include three dimensions (economic, social, environmental), which are closely connected with the conception of sustainable development. Therefore, the taxation system of agricultural sector has been orientated to sustainability. The research direction of sustainable taxation is relevant. This research direction leads to opportunities to find the sustainable taxation system effect to the sustainable development of agriculture. The paper aims at disclosing the singularity of sustainable taxation in agriculture. To investigate the theoretical aspect of the specificity of agricultural business in the context of taxation and singularity of sustainable taxation, systemic analysis and synthesis of theoretical insights of foreign and local scientific literature as well as the methods of induction and deduction have been applied. Theoretical research results helped to identify singularity of sustainable taxation in agriculture, which encompasses three dimensions (economic, social, environmental) with different characteristics. This taxation system contributes to the goals of the development of sustainable agriculture.
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Dobele, Madara, Aina Dobele, Andra Zvirbule, Liga Jankova, and Andrejs Lazdins. "Urban agriculture – population’s attitude towards practice and products in Latvia." In 24th International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2023”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2023.57.021.
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The food growing practice is connected with Latvia's cultural-historical heritage and traditions, due to which agriculture, especially in the form of micro-farming for household self-consumption, is a developed practice in Latvia, including in cities. Trends of urban agriculture, which are characterised by inclusion in dimensions of the sustainability, develop the practice of community gardens that in Latvia are currently in the development stage. This highlights the need to evaluate the population's attitude and views on the aspects of urban agriculture in Latvia. The agricultural sector in Latvia is developed and rural regions are relatively close to urban areas, therefore, agricultural practices in cities for the realization of production can create a different, even negative attitude of society towards urban agriculture and its relevance in Latvia. Therefore, the aim of this study is the assessment of the attitude of the population in Latvia towards practices and products of urban agriculture. In order to achieve the aim, two tasks have been set: 1) to analyse the attitude of Latvia’s population towards the practice of urban agriculture; 2) to analyse the population's attitude towards urban agricultural products, in the context of their food choice criteria. To fulfil the tasks, a survey of Latvia’s population was conducted. In general, the population's attitude creates supportive aspects for urban agriculture in Latvia, but challenging are aspects of the attitude regarding the potential pollution of food in the urban environment, its role and performance in cities, which population do not associate with agricultural practices.
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Raikov, Alexander, and Viktor Medennikov. "Creating the requirements to the national platform "Digital Agriculture"." In International Conference "Computing for Physics and Technology - CPT2020". Bryansk State Technical University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/conferencearticle_5fce27715a3742.47428784.
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The paper addresses the issue of creating the requirements for the development of the Russian national platform "Digital Agriculture" on the bases of collecting, formalizing and analyzing data on the current and forecasting states of the processes of using digital technologies in the agricultural economy sector at the federal and regional levels, as well as the world experience of digitalization. The national strategy agriculture goals were used as the criteria for analyzing the situation connected with the issue of creating the national platform. Currently, the agricultural sector of the country's economy has more than ten large information systems that require to be integrated to achieve the goals of the country's agricultural development. The list of problems of developing the processes of agriculture digitalization was made. The special author’s convergent strategic methodology was used for formulating the requirements that ensure the conditions for the purposefulness and sustainable convergence of the process of creating the national platform. About fifty requirements were formulated for creating sub-platforms and digital services of the national platform "Digital Agriculture". It was also used the methods of cognitive modelling and the inverse problem solving for taking into account changes in the importance of roadmap’s events of making the sub-platforms and digital service over time.
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M, Rajeswari, Balaji S, and Tushanth S. "Agriculture Land Connect: A Platform for Efficient Agricultural Land Rental and Smart Farming." In 2023 Intelligent Computing and Control for Engineering and Business Systems (ICCEBS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccebs58601.2023.10448710.
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Sunny, Manish Edassery, Pruthviraj Umesh, K. V. Gangadharan, and Devdas Shetty. "Development of a LoRaWAN-Enabled Unmanned Aerial System for Autonomous Real-Time Surveillance and Monitoring." In ASME 2023 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2023-114316.
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Abstract This research paper proposes a LoRaWAN-enabled Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) for autonomous real-time surveillance and monitoring for agriculture fields. Traditional security measures in agriculture face challenges due to their high costs and labor-intensive nature, especially on large farms. The paper outlines the development of the complete system, explaining each block that forms its components. Additionally, it presents an experiment where a UAS successfully flew to a specific location triggered by motion sensors connected to LoRa nodes as part of surveillance and monitoring of an area. The results demonstrate the system’s effectiveness in real-time monitoring and autonomous operation. By leveraging LoRaWAN technology, this system offers a promising solution to enhance agricultural security and efficiency. The integration of technologies showcased in this research contributes to the field of precision agriculture.
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Lortkipanidze, Roza, Giorgi Iakobashvili, Nunu Chachkhiani-Anasashvili, and Rusudan Tskipurishvili. "Carbon Emission and Urban Climate in Georgia." In 3rd International Congress on Engineering and Life Science. Prensip Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61326/icelis.2023.21.
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The GHG indicator based on the data collected in Georgia in 2015 was 17.6 mt. CO2 eq. GHG emissions are generated in 7 sectors: energy generation, transportation, construction, industry, agriculture, waste management and Forestry. Increase of CO2 in Georgia is greatly affected by urban activities- namely exhaust fumes and poor quality of fuel. 10% of carbon dioxide in atmosphere is combustion product. All atmosphere protection operations in Georgia are regulated in the frameworks of official state program, which groups all the emissions connected with energetics, climate strategy and transport through sectors. In 2015 total GHG emission in the sector of transportation was up to 24% (Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture of Georgia, 2019). In previous years (2015) transportation GHG emission was up to 68% in total. Various types of transportation data: car emission-88%, bus emission 5% and minibus emission-6%. 32% of emission falls on railway and agricultural technology. 29% falls on trucks. Characteristics of transportation GHG emissions data in Georgia up to 2023 remains the following: electricity is mostly consumed by the railway, which includes Tbilisi underground train service. Expense is only 1% of electricity. Considering basic data collected in the sector of agriculture, by 2030 increase in Agricultural emission will probably be about 40% more compared to the initial data. That is 4.63 mt. CO2 eq. Within livestock, ruminant livestock remains main source of emissions, that is in 2015 92% of Enteric fermentation emission and 82% of emission was due to dung waste emission. These forms still remain as main sources of emission till 2030. Agricultural development is of high priority in Georgia. Strategically, main focus will be made on forming and launching the climate-oriented agricultural practices. In the future sustainable business will be the chief foundation determining a reasonable growth and development of the field of agriculture. Considering the climate change, drastic measures should be taken in order to prevent or avoid natural disasters. Vivid example of the climate change is a tragic disaster that happened in one of the regions of Georgia, Ratcha, Shovi on the 3rd of August, 2023. As a result of landslide several tons of mass almost completely covered resort Shovi. 220 people were rescued, 30 died and rescuers are searching for more victims. As survivors claim, landslide covered the surrounding area of so-called “Cottage district” in just 3-4 seconds, ruining all the infrastructure, bridges and caused death of several people. The natural disaster was a result of melting glaciers both locally and in the oceans worldwide. Global warming is responsible for such devastating disasters.
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Proksch, Gundula. "Digital Encounters in a Postcolonial Frame: Mnemotechnics and Mimicry in Architectural Productions." In 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.35.
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Chicago’s history and urban development have been connected to its role as a food hub and driver of technological innovations in the food industry. In the 1970s, the city started redefining its relation to agriculture by integrating various forms of urban agriculture. Today, the city is known for its strong network of community gardens, educational farms, and job training programs. Over the last decade, the city has also attracted various entrepreneurial controlled environment production facilities, such as hydroponic greenhouses, rooftop greenhouses, and vertical indoor farms using innovative growing methods and economic models. Other urban farms deploy hybrid models that combine a robust social agenda with emerging, economically-driven food production systems. These multi- layer urban agriculture operations with strong community and commercial objectives contribute to community empowerment and urban revitalization. This comparative analysis concludes a three-part mixed- method investigation of Chicago’s foodshed and urban agriculture networks, which move in scale from the Metropolitan region, City of Chicago, and organizational networks to this smallest scale of specific physical locations and architectural spaces. The investigation relies on publicly available datasets and online data collected by the author. It analyzes urban agricultural networks through (1) GIS-based mapping; (2) a review of organizational structures; and (3) an analysis of critical building projects, with a focus on the award-winning Farm on Ogden in the North Lawndale neighborhood and The Plant in the Back of the Yards neighborhood. This analysis of pioneering projects may inspire other community-minded projects and cities to establish innovative pathways. The identified novel approaches will help legislators, community leaders, planners, and architects to provide for growing urban populations, create common spaces, develop frameworks to support regionally sustainable food production, promote social equity, and improve the well-being of historically marginalized communities.
Reports on the topic "Agriculture connectée"
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Thomas, Samuel, Elaine Baker, Kamal Aryal, Kristina Thygesen, Rajendra Dhakal, Oshin Sharma, and Anna Sinisalo. Towards Climate Resilient Agriculture in Nepal: Solutions for smallholder farmers. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), December 2024. https://doi.org/10.53055/icimod.1077.
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Nepal, one of the world’s most climate-vulnerable countries, is facing severe impacts from climate change, particularly in its agricultural sector, which employs two-thirds of the population and contributes more than a quarter of the nation’s GDP. Smallholder farmers, the backbone of this sector, are grappling with rising temperatures, erratic monsoon patterns, droughts, and increasingly frequent extreme weather events. Adapting to these challenges through Climate-Resilient Agriculture (CRA) is essential to ensuring food security and safeguarding the livelihoods of millions. CRA incorporates nature-based practices, such as biological pest control and organic fertilization, alongside modern technologies like digital agroadvisory services and advanced weather forecasting. These strategies aim to stabilize crop yields and farmers’ incomes amid climate variability. With many men migrating for work, the feminization of labour in agriculture has created opportunities for women to take on leadership roles in farm management. For CRA to be effective, increased support in resources, insurance, and government subsidies is crucial. The Green Resilient Agriculture Productive Ecosystems (GRAPE) project, led by ICIMOD, focuses on developing socially inclusive, climateresilient agricultural technologies in Nepal’s Karnali and Sudurpashchim provinces. Through 19 community learning centres, the project empowers local smallholder farmers by facilitating on-farm experiments and action research, enabling them to witness the effectiveness of CRA firsthand. GRAPE emphasizes gender equality and equitable resource access, promoting gender-friendly tools and encouraging women’s participation in digital services and collaborative research. Through action research, GRAPE has tested over 40 climate-resilient agricultural technologies designed to foster resilience to climate change. These innovative, nature-based strategies address soil degradation as well as plant pests and diseases. The project has engaged more than 2,500 smallholder farmers, the majority of whom are women. Water scarcity in rain-fed farming areas presents another pressing challenge, prompting farmers to adopt innovative conservation methods. Access to renewable energy is transforming agriculture for many who previously relied on non-electric methods. Solar-powered and hybrid energy initiatives are enhancing productivity and promoting economic stability. This book illustrates the power of a bottom-up approach that prioritizes farmers’ needs. Witnessing the benefits of action research motivates farmers to adopt climate-resilient technologies. However, continued support from local experts is essential to help them navigate ongoing challenges. To boost food security in Nepal, it is crucial to implement incentive mechanisms, increase local expert guidance, and enhance access to information through digital agro-advisory services and workshops. On a broader scale, developing national strategies to improve agricultural productivity, connect farmers to markets, and increase subsidies for CRA and renewable energy is essential. Building institutional capacity in CRA through educational integration and prioritizing relevant research will further support farmers in successfully implementing climate-resilient practice
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Shonhe, Toendepi. Covid-19 and the Political Economy of Tobacco and Maize Commodity Circuits: Makoronyera, the ‘Connected’ and Agrarian Accumulation in Zimbabwe. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.009.
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This paper analyses the global commodity circuits – value chains – for maize and tobacco in Zimbabwe, in the context of a reconfigured agrarian economy and COVID-19 induced shocks. The study focuses on the political economy dynamics of agricultural commodity circuits to reveal how they can contribute to understanding the drivers and constraints of agricultural commercialisation in Zimbabwe. This paper traces the circuits of maize and tobacco, the two major crops for food security and foreign currency earnings in Zimbabwe.
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Hearn, Greg, Marion McCutcheon, Mark Ryan, and Stuart Cunningham. Australian Cultural and Creative Activity: A Population and Hotspot Analysis: Geraldton. Queensland University of Technology, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.203692.
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Grassroots arts connected to economy through start-up culture Geraldton is a regional centre in Western Australia, with 39,000 people and a stable, diverse economy that includes a working port, mining services, agriculture, and the rock-lobster fishing industry (see Appendix). Tourism, though small, is growing rapidly. The arts and culture ecosystem of Geraldton is notable for three characteristics: - a strong publicly-funded arts and cultural strategy, with clear rationales that integrate social, cultural, and economic objectives - a longstanding, extensive ecosystem of pro-am and volunteer arts and cultural workers - strong local understanding of arts entrepreneurship, innovative business models for artists, and integrated connection with other small businesses and incubators
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Mazza, Jacqueline, and Eleanor Sohnen. Labor Migration in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Look at New Trends and Policies. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009364.
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International headlines often focus on the drama of U.S.- Mexico border, but the borders of Latin America are becoming more active transit points for work across the region. Today, migration officials are noting labor movements inconceivable as little as 15 years ago: Hondurans and Guatemalans crossing to El Salvador for agriculture and construction work; Bolivians and Paraguayans working in large numbers in Argentina; Mexicans from the state of Chiapas moving to the Yucatan for work, with Guatemalans replacing them to harvest local crops. The Caribbean, still a major These new patterns are demonstrating a changing, more regionally connected labor market in line with a global marketplace.
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Balza, Lenin H., Camilo De Los Rios, Alfredo Guerra, Luis Herrera-Prada, and Osmel Manzano. Unraveling the Network of the Extractive Industries. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003191.
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This paper analyzes extractive industries in Colombia and their connections to other economic activities in the country. We use detailed social security data on all formal employees to create an industry-relatedness measure using labor flows between industries. Drawing on the vast network analysis literature, we exploit centrality measures to reveal the importance of the extractive sector among Colombian industries. Our results show that extractive industries are well connected within the Colombian industrial network, and that they are central overall and within their clusters. We also find that extractive industries have stronger linkages with manufacturing and agriculture than with other sectors. Finally, a higher relatedness to extractive activities is correlated with lower levels of employment, specially of female workers.
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Weldon, James, and Carlotta Meriggi. Modelling the risks of invasive aquatic species spread in Swedish lakes. Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.r68r25qcb1.
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Species distribution modelling is a valuable tool for identifying areas most at risk of the spread of invasive species. Here we model the environmental factors governing the distributions of two invasive species of concern that are currently found in Sweden at only a limited number of locations: the aquatic macrophyte Elodea nuttallii (Nuttall’s waterweed / smal vattenpest) and the bivalve Dreissena polymorpha (Zebra mussel / vandrarmussla). For E.nuttallii, the greatest risk factors are connectivity with other water bodies (facilitating dispersion), human population density and length of growing season. This implies that it is principally well-connected lakes in populated areas of southern Sweden that are most at risk of further spread (although other areas of concern are identified). For D.polymorpha, water alkalinity and the proportion of agricultural land (a source of nutrient pollution) are the most important factors, and the models identify lakes Vänern and Vättern, waters in parts of Östergötland, Jämtland and Gotland as key areas of concern for further spread.
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Rivadeneira, Alex. Attached once, attached forever: The persistent effects of concertaje in Ecuador. Banco de México, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36095/banxico/di.2024.01.
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This paper studies the long-run effects of concertaje, a forced labor system from the Spanish colonial era in Ecuador that coerced indigenous workers in rural estates after indebting them. I collected and digitized historical tax records (1800) and connected them to contemporary ones (2010s) via surnames. Employing a TS2SLS approach, I find that a 10 percentage point (pp) increase in a surname's concertaje rate reduces the current formal income of (pseudo) descendants by 1.7%. On a regional scale, I establish a causal relationship by leveraging variations in concertaje intensity due to differences in crop labor requirements. IV estimates show that a 10 pp rise in a district's concertaje rate increases contemporary poverty by 4.2 pp. As channels of persistence, I show that concertaje historically led to lower education levels, reduced public goods provision, increased agricultural employment, and inequality. Concertaje also limited mobility, although its effect on immigrants is milder, suggesting migration acted as a mitigation channel.
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McIntyre, Phillip, Susan Kerrigan, and Marion McCutcheon. Australian Cultural and Creative Activity: A Population and Hotspot Analysis: Albury-Wodonga. Queensland University of Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.206966.
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Albury-Wodonga, situated in Wiradjuri country, sits astride the Murray River and has benefitted in many ways from its almost equidistance from Sydney and Melbourne. It has found strength in the earlier push for decentralisation begun in early 1970s. A number of State and Federal agencies have ensured middle class professionals now call this region home. Light industry is a feature of Wodonga while Albury maintains the traditions and culture of its former life as part of the agricultural squattocracy. Both Local Councils are keen to work cooperatively to ensure the region is an attractive place to live signing an historical partnership agreement. The region’s road, rail, increasing air links and now digital infrastructure, keep it closely connected to events elsewhere. At the same time its distance from the metropolitan centres has meant it has had to ensure that its creative and cultural life has been taken into its own hands. The establishment of the sophisticated Murray Art Museum Albury (MAMA) as well as the presence of the LibraryMuseum, Hothouse Theatre, Fruit Fly Circus, The Cube, Arts Space and the development of Gateway Island on the Murray River as a cultural hub, as well as the high profile activities of its energetic, entrepreneurial and internationally savvy locals running many small businesses, events and festivals, ensures Albury Wodonga has a creative heart to add to its rural and regional activities.
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Quak, Evert-jan. Missing the Forest for the Trees: Ekiti State’s Quest for Forestry Revenue and its Impact on Forest Management. Institute of Development Studies, July 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2024.078.
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Effective forest management is required to reduce deforestation, protect local communities, tackle climate change, and restore biodiversity. Like other countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Nigerian federal and decentralised governments have to find a balance between managing their forests sustainably, and other demands for the trees and land. Local actors use the forest for economic activities, such as harvesting trees for charcoal or timber, and others want to expand agricultural land. No single policy solution can guarantee to sustainably manage forests and halt deforestation. Land use regulations, stronger control of forestry industry practices, more public investment in forest management, and better tax and subsidy policies, must all play a role. This paper assesses the current forestry tax regime in Ekiti State, one of eight Nigerian states where forests represent more than 50 per cent of land area, and where forest revenue has been historically relevant. Based on 16 interviews with government state officials, forest officers, and actors from the industry, and data from the Ekiti Forestry Commission, our analysis suggests that ongoing depletion of forest resources is partially connected to an excessive focus on their capacity to generate revenue. The conceptualisation of the Forestry Commission as a revenue-raising rather than management agency, a continuous drive to extract revenue from the sector through outdated tax rates, and a view of industry potential disconnected from the existing stock, all perversely led to a lower contribution from forestry to the state budget.
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Menuhin, Jonathan. Innovation Ecosystem Management Methodology. Edited by Marcello Basani, Alejandro Minatta, and Cecilia Maroñas. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012851.
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The main challenges innovation faces in the water, sanitation, and solid waste sector in Latin America and the Caribbean can be split into three categories: governance efforts; sector innovation ecosystem (research, development, and innovation), and water, sanitation, and solid waste utilities. In this line, it is key to acquire knowledge of international experiences to enrich the analysis and thematic discussion on the issue. The III (III) is an NGO that was established in 2011 to promote the development and implementation of innovation addressing global challenges such as transportation, climate change, health, agriculture, aquaculture, and desertification. To this end, The III established innovation ecosystems that connect relevant players with the fields they wish to promote, and created innovation opportunities, always acting objectively and impartially. Over the years, as the III gained experience, it formed a methodology that can be adjusted to and implemented in other sectors and fields to enhance their potential and address existing obstructions. Such methodology can be adopted by NGOs, countries, and regions according to the barriers their ecosystem experiences. Hence, a strategy that one ecosystem chooses may be different from the strategy that suits another. Yet, while the innovation clusters and ecosystems may vary, a common, organizing operational outline can be found in all. The methodology includes tools that were designed to match the development of innovation ecosystems facing new challenges and opportunities. This document opens with a presentation of the positive potential of forming and operating innovation ecosystems and the global trends that make them even more important (section I). The five fields of operation that promote innovation ecosystems are thus presented, each followed by practical examples of relevant tools: (1) market education; (2) social capital creation; (3) access to knowledge; (4) open innovation facilitation; and (5) internationalization in section, alongside practical tools to develop each layer, and the motivation for choosing each, which can assist in selecting from the extensive toolbox (Section II). Finally, some practical tips to start with the right foot are described (Section III).