Relevant bibliographies by topics / Agriculture – Economic aspects – Zimbabwe

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Agriculture – Economic aspects – Zimbabwe'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Agriculture – Economic aspects – Zimbabwe"

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Gambiza. "Permaculture: Challenges and benefits in improving rural livelihoods in South Africa and Zimbabwe." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (April 12, 2019): 2219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082219.

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Feeding a growing global population using conventional agricultural practices is leading toadverse environmental impacts. There is a call for alternative forms of agriculture that address social,economic, and environmental aspects of sustainability. Permaculture is a holistic design frameworkthat incorporates sustainable agricultural practices, potentially improving livelihoods. This studylooked at the challenges and benefits of permaculture in improving rural livelihoods in Zimbabweand South Africa. We used semi-structured interviews to collect data. Permaculture contributed over40% to total income for participants in both countries. However, permaculture was not the dominantsource of income and periodically straddled multiple livelihood strategies. The main benefits ofpermaculture were identified as improved human health, increased resilience to environmentalchanges, and reduction of input costs. The key challenges included high labour input, infestationof pests and diseases, and lack of knowledge on permaculture practices. Although permaculturepresents significant challenges, its integration with other forms of sustainable agricultural practicescan contribute to improved rural livelihoods.
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Pánková, Ludmila, Renata Aulová, and Jan Jarolímek. "Economic Aspects of Precision Agriculture Systems." Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/aol.2020.120306.

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Chifurira, Retius, Delson Chikobvu, and Dorah Dubihlela. "Rainfall prediction for sustainable economic growth." Environmental Economics 7, no. 4 (December 21, 2016): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.07(4-1).2016.04.

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Agriculture is the backbone of Zimbabwe’s economy with the majority of Zimbabweans being rural people who derive their livelihood from agriculture and other agro-based economic activities. Zimbabwe’s agriculture depends on the erratic rainfall which threatens food, water and energy access, as well as vital livelihood systems which could severely undermine efforts to drive sustainable economic growth. For Zimbabwe, delivering a sustainable economic growth is intrinsically linked to improved climate modelling. Climate research plays a pivotal role in building Zimbabwe’s resilience to climate change and keeping the country on track, as it charts its path towards sustainable economic growth. This paper presents a simple tool to predict summer rainfall using standardized Darwin sea level pressure (SDSLP) anomalies and southern oscillation index (SOI) that are used as part of an early drought warning system. Results show that SDSLP anomalies and SOI for the month of April of the same year, i.e., seven months before onset of summer rainfall (December to February total rainfall) are a simple indicator of amount of summer rainfall in Zimbabwe. The low root mean square error (RMSE) and root mean absolute error (RMAE) values of the proposed model, make SDSLP anomalies for April and SOI for the same month an additional input candidates for regional rainfall prediction schemes. The results of the proposed model will benefit in the prediction of oncoming summer rainfall and will influence policy making in agriculture, environment planning, food redistribution and drought prediction for sustainable economic development. Keywords: sustainable economic growth, standardized Darwin sea level pressure anomalies, southern oscillation index, summer rainfall prediction, Zimbabwe. JEL Classification: Q16, Q25, Q54, Q55, Q58
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Shang, Yung C., and Barry A. Costa-Pierce. "INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE-AGRICULTURE FARMING SYSTEMS: SOME ECONOMIC ASPECTS." Journal of the World Mariculture Society 14, no. 1-4 (March 12, 2009): 523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1983.tb00104.x.

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Serebrennikova, Anna I., Aleksey V. Mikryukov, and Tatyana A. Tchilimova. "Socio-economic aspects of bank lending to agriculture." E3S Web of Conferences 176 (2020): 04014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017604014.

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The article is devoted to the socio-economic aspects of banks ' activities in relation to agricultural lending. The contextual background of the study is the social significance of agriculture for the country in terms of food security and the formation of a stable standard of living of the population. The purpose of the study was to reach the essential understanding of the social aspects of the Bank's activities by considering the social functions of the Bank in the lending process. The article considers the composition of credit subjects and gives a brief description of them. The activity of the State as a regulator of credit relations and a full participant in lending is emphasized. The essential understanding of the bank 's social functions in the context of solving the state 's social task of financing agriculture through the mechanism of concessional lending has been expanded. Conclusions are made about the leading role of the state in the formation of the mechanism of interaction between the Bank and the borrower with the strengthening of social functions of the Bank.
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Tvrdoň, J. "Economic aspects of rural areas sustainable development." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 51, No. 1 (February 20, 2012): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5070-agricecon.

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The articles deals with problems of different development of rural areas and their factors. In usual analysis of rural development, the position of agriculture is interpreted in broad range of opinions from the neglectable role to its non-substitutability in rural economics. The article follows strong sides of these concepts at simultaneous reduction of their weaknesses and is focused on problems of investigation of the mutual influence of endogenous as well as exogenous industries on rural regions. Applied approach leads to setting up model of economic base and deriving of multiplicators of rural development. It is obvious from the analysis that nonagricultural subsidy programs supporting development of the others industries in region have indirect influence upon its agriculture too. In different regions, this influence varies due to the factors investigated in the paper. 
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Ndakaripa, Musiwaro. "‘Zimbabwe is open for business’: Aspects of post-Mugabe economic diplomacy." South African Journal of International Affairs 27, no. 3 (July 2, 2020): 363–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2020.1826355.

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Zvavahera, Promise, and Farai Chigora. "Food and Nutrition Promotion: Feasibility of the Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable Socio-Economic Transformation." Business and Management Horizons 3, no. 1 (June 11, 2015): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bmh.v3i1.7800.

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Zimbabwe has faced persistent droughts from around year 1990 to date posing a structural food security challenge to the populace. Recently, the government of Zimbabwe introduced a blue print to spearhead and map sustainable balance in tapping value from the available natural and man-made resources in the country. This is known as the Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable Socio-economic Transformation Programme (Zim Asset). Amongst its prospects, agriculture and nutrition has been reckoned as a sustainable cluster for economic development. This study was undertaken one and half years after the implementation of Zim Asset as an evaluation mechanism on the successes and challenges faced in transforming the Zimbabwean economy with specific reference to the Food and Nutrition Cluster. The study employed both post positivism and interpretivism philosophies applying quantitative and qualitative approaches in gathering research data. The research instruments included documentary evidence, face to face in-depth interviews and focus groups. The in-depth interviews explored issues to do with resources allocation in line with the Zim Asset agriculture sustenance objectives. Focus was therefore, on the four Ministries supporting the Food and Nutrition Cluster. Eighty percent of the respondents reported that the economic blue print has not made any significant strides in improving the country’s agricultural performance and food security since the inception of Zim Asset in October 2013. It was noted that the country continued to import maize from Zambia and other countries in the region. The major reason for its lack of success was due to the unavailability of resources to support the programme and the fact that land was allocated to unproductive and cell phone farmers. There was consensus that land audit and recapitalisation of the agriculture sector were critical in achieving the desired outcomes. The study recommends that the programme be adequately funded, so that the country can become self-sufficient.
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Bornstein, Erica. "DEVELOPING FAITH: THEOLOGIES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ZIMBABWE." Journal of Religion in Africa 32, no. 1 (2002): 4–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700660260048456.

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AbstractThis paper analyzes the role of religious faith in the work of two Christian NGOs involved in economic development in Zimbabwe, World Vision and Christian Care. While economic development is rarely analyzed in terms of religious ideas, this essay explores the religious aspects of development for employees of Christian NGOs and recipients of their development assistance. Uniting development and evangelism, employees of Christian NGOs articulate faith through concepts of 'holism', 'lifestyle evangelism', and prayer. These ideas and practices permeate institutional directives, the experiences of NGO workers, and the communities they serve. The essay compares what faith means to communities being 'developed' at project sites in rural Zimbabwe with faith as it is exercised alongside administrative power in NGO offices. It demonstrates how faith structures the initiatives and interpretation of economic development, and traces what is religious about development for NGO employees and for the rural communities they assist.
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Bai, Atiila. "Economic Aspects of Bioethanol Production." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 14 (September 22, 2004): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/14/3364.

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Sustainability and multifunctionality look to be crucial points of the future of developed agriculture. Energy utilization of a part of the available biomass perfectly fits in these expectations. Bioethanol production allows for the substitution of the most expensive and most pollutable energy source, gasoline, by agricultural materials. This article contains a complex evaluation of economic characteristics of this method and calculations for the expectable economic effects of a would-be Hungarian bioethanol program. This essay includes the most important technological knowledge, a comparison between bioethanol and the competitive energy sources (gasoline, biodiesel, MTBE) and the most interesting elements of bioethanol programs operating in foreign countries. Introduced are which participants in the bioethanol chain have financial interests and counter-interests under present economic conditions in the spread of bioethanol by the enumerazation of macro- and micro-economic factors. The statements and consequences are based on my own calculatiosn so I am truly interested in any professional opinion.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agriculture – Economic aspects – Zimbabwe"

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Chaumba, Joseph A. "Opportunities for and constraints on crop production within Zimbabwe's fast-track resettlement programme: A Case Study of Fair Range Estate, Chiredzi District, South Eastern Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9563_1181914396.

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The government of Zimbabwe started implementing its fast track resettlement programme in July 2000, the objective being to accelerate both land acquisition and land redistribution. This programme witnessed a massive movement of people from various localities into mainly large-scale commercial farms in search of agricultural land. Under this programme, people were settled under the A1 model (which involves villages and land use pattern similar to those found in communal areas) as well as the A2 model, which involves commercial farming. This study investigates, documents and analyses the opportunities and constraints currently being faced by newly resettled crop production farmers in one example of an A1 model resettlement project (Fair Ranch Estate in Masvingo Province). A questionnaire was used to gather data on livelihood sources, income, assets and also aspects of the associational life of crop production farmers. Seventy households were interviewed, and a number of key informant interviews were undertaken with both government officials and the local leadership. The greatest opportunity that A1 crop production farmers in Fair Range Estate experienced was the fact that they now have access to land that they can call their own, without having to go through the market to try to acquire such land. In terms of crop production, however, farmers in Fair Range Estate face a number of challenges and constraints: they lack adequate access to tillage and livestock
the supply of inputs is inadequate
generally negative socio economic conditions prevailing in the country have led to sharp increases in prices of all basic commodities, including inputs such as fertilisers and seeds
they lack tenure security
the amount of rainfall received in the area is generally not sufficient for crop production
and many lack crop production skills. Measures to reverse this decline must include the availability of foreign currency to buy spare parts for tractors, rebuilding of the national herd, which was greatly affected by both drought and the disturbance of commercial agriculture as a result of the controversial land reform programme. Fuel should also become more readily available, and urgent policy measures be put in place to revamp institutional frameworks in the agricultural sector to make them more farmer-oriented.

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Mushunje, Fungai. "Participation and economic empowerment of the youth in resettlement areas in Zimbabwe: the case of the agricultural sector in Mutare district." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1568.

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This study sought to probe the exclusion of young people from the land distribution process and therefore, overlooking their economic empowerment and development. The focus was on economic empowerment of the youth to participate meaningfully or undertake agricultural initiatives in the resettlement areas of Mutare district in Zimbabwe; youths’ ownership and control of economic assets. The data was gathered using a case study research design with the qualitative method being the main research approach.
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Murwira, Epifania. "Contract farming in Zimbabwe : the Mutasa garlic project." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95627.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
Contract farming is being given renewed attention on the African continent in the wake of reduced public expenditure for credit programmes. Many African countries have recognised the potential of contract farming in linking farmers to viable markets and stimulating agricultural production in the face of globalisation. In Zimbabwe prior to 1998, smallholder farmers were poorly integrated in the cash economy and had extremely low incomes, largely due to poor access to productivity-enhancing inputs. Small-scale farmers were marginalised as the economy focused on the larger commercial farms. Currently, mainstream banks have been unable to provide funding due to their own capital inadequacy and the view that smallholder farming is a risky and unprofitable sector. There is also a shift in roles as the government moves from direct participation in agricultural production and marketing towards facilitation, legislation and enforcement. The private sector is now participating more actively in the agricultural sector, providing credit to smallholder farmers. This research seeks to better understand the partnership between private and public sector players in Zimbabwe’s agricultural credit programmes, through a study of Leo Marketing and the Zimbabwe Agricultural Market Development initiative called the Agricultural Input Supply Programme (AISP). In this research, the Mutasa Garlic Project, implemented by the AISP, has been analysed to achieve the objective. One hundred smallholder farmers have been contracted to commercially produce garlic in the Mutasa district. Using a sample of 20 farmers, the study examined how this financing model contributes to improved access to productivity-enhancing inputs, viable markets and technical expertise for the farmers. The analysis indicates that farmers have access to inputs but the model still needs improvement in distributing them efficiently to ensure that all farmers have their inputs in time for the planting season. Marketing and extension services in the project are operating well. The study reveals that there is potential for growth in the number of farmers contracted to the programme. As the contracting model continues to improve, the same model can be used for similar projects in surrounding districts.
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Duma, Moses. "Contract farming as a tool for the development of smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/14909.

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Thesis (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Zimbabwe’s land-reform process has been widely debated and severely criticised, yet seldom been analysed at greater depth. In the transition from startup small-holding farmer to the long-run goal of commercial farmer, Zimbabweans currently experience a phase of increasing “contract farming”. New farmers are producing for contractors who buy up their produce at predetermined prices. Ideally, these contractors or agribusinesses also help the smallholders to get the seeds and fertiliser, obtain the necessary equipment, help with the production technology and assist in other ways. On the basis of interviews with 25 farmers and 12 agribusinesses in different regions of the country, the study tries to asses the merits, risks and preconditions for success of contract farming. The responses from both sides of this contract farming system suggest that overall success will largely depend on the effective co-operation between the two sides and the facilitation of the process by relevant government departments and/or supportive NGOs. Ideally, the lessons to be learned from these transitional reform processes are directly relevant for land reform and agricultural development efforts in other African countries.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Zimbabwe se grondhervormingsstelsel is in die jongste tyd wyd bespreek en skerp gekritiseer, maar dit is selde in groter diepte ontleed. In die oorgang van beginners-kleinskaal-boerdery tot die lang-termyn oogmerk van kommersiele boerdery word die land tans gekenmerk deur ‘n vinnig toenemende proses van “kontrak-boerdery”. Nuwe boere produseer vir kontrakteurs wat hul produksie teen voorafonderhandelde pryse opkoop. Op hul beste voorsien dié kontrakteurs ook die saadgoed en kunsmis, verskaf die nodige toerusting, help met die produksie-tegnologie en voorsien ander take. Op die grondslag van diepte-onderhoude met 25 kleinboere en 12 landboubesighede in verskillende dele van die land, probeer die studie die meriete, risikos en suksesvoorwaardes van hierdie stelsel van kontrakboerdery te bepaal. Terugvoering van die twee kante van dié stelsel toon dat sukses grootliks afhang van die effektiewe samewerking en interaksie van die twee partye tot die stelsel asook ondersteuning deur die betrokke staatsdepartemente en ander ondersteunende organisasies. Lesse geleer uit hierdie studie van Zimbabwe se hervormingsproses behoort direk relevant te wees vir soortgelyke hervormingsprosesse in ander Afrikastate.
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Kujinga, Krasposy. "The dynamics of stakeholder participation in water resources management in Zimbabwe: a case study of the agricultural sector." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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The major aim of this study was to analyse the dynamics of stakeholder participation in the agricultural sector during the first five years of the water reform process in Zimbabwe. Specific reference is made to water allocation, conflict management and the payment of costs related to water use. Stakeholders investigated are those in communal smallholder irrigation schemes, large-scale commercial white and black farms and those resettled under the government's fast track land resettlement programme. The study was undertaken in the Middle Manyame Subcatchment area, which falls under the Manyame Catchment area.
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Kapungu, Sheila T. "A study of rural women farmers' access to markets in Chirumanzu." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80238.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis investigated the issues that rural smallholder women face in accessing markets in developing countries. Market access for rural smallholder farmers is increasingly being promoted as a means towards catalysing sustainable rural development. However, without addressing the gender specific issues that rural smallholder women farmers face in accessing markets, market access as a strategy towards sustainable rural development may fail to achieve its ends. This thesis gathered evidence from a group of smallholder women farmers in Chirumanzu, Zimbabwe, who are part of a market access project run by Oxfam, in order to highlight the issues that they face in accessing markets for their produce. Primary and secondary data were used in the study. First, a literature review was conducted to assess the issues that smallholder rural women farmers in developing countries face in accessing markets and how the issues differ to those faced by male smallholder farmers. A thematic assessment of the issues was conducted, beginning with the production for market through to the actual market engagement. Secondly, primary data was collected in Chirumanzu, from rural smallholder women farmers who are participating in a market access project being facilitated by Oxfam. Data was collected through focus group discussions, key informant interviews and document review. Five focus group discussions were held with a total of 40 participants in August 2011. Some of the key findings were that rural smallholder women farmers face challenges in terms of meeting the labour demanded for market production, accessing market information and having to contend with high transport costs. The data was then compared with the points raised in the literature review. The comparison showed that most of the key issues raised in the Chirumanzu case study were similar to those identified in the literature review. The study came to the conclusion that rural smallholder women farmers face different issues and more challenges in accessing markets compared to male farmers. Market access initiatives that do not recognise and address the gender specific challenges that women smallholder farmers face may therefore not be catalysts for sustainable rural development. Therefore recommendations are that market access initiatives should go beyond facilitating access to markets to address the structural social, economic and cultural issues that present special challenges and constraints to women smallholder farmers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis het ondersoek ingestel na die kwessies waarvoor landelike vrouekleinboere in ontwikkelende lande te staan kom om toegang tot markte te verkry. Marktoegang vir landelike kleinboere word toenemend aangemoedig as ’n manier om volhoubare landelike ontwikkeling teweeg te bring. Indien die geslagspesifieke kwessies van marktoegang waarmee landelike vrouekleinboere te kampe het egter nié hanteer word nie, kan marktoegang as strategie vir volhoubare landelike ontwikkeling in gebreke bly om sy doel te bereik. Hierdie tesis het bewyse ingesamel van ’n groep vrouekleinboere in Chirumanzu, Zimbabwe, wat deel is van ’n marktoegangsprojek deur Oxfam, ten einde die soeklig te werp op die uitdagings wat hulle ervaar om marktoegang vir hul produkte te bekom. Die studie het van primêre sowel as sekondêre data gebruik gemaak. Eerstens is ’n literatuuroorsig onderneem om te verken watter probleme landelike vrouekleinboere in ontwikkelende lande ondervind om marktoegang te verkry, en hoe dit verskil van die uitdagings waarvoor hul manlike eweknieë te staan kom. Die kwessies is tematies beoordeel en het gestrek van markgerigte produksie tot en met werklike markskakeling. Tweedens is primêre data ingesamel onder landelike vrouekleinboere in Chirumanzu wat aan ’n marktoegangsprojek deur Oxfam deelneem. Data is deur middel van fokusgroepbesprekings, onderhoude met sleutelinformante sowel as ’n dokumentoorsig bekom. Vyf fokusgroepbesprekings is in Augustus 2011 met altesaam 40 deelnemers gehou. Van die belangrikste bevindinge was dat landelike vrouekleinboere bepaald uitdagings ervaar wat betref die vereiste arbeid vir markgerigte produksie, toegang tot markinligting sowel as hoë vervoerkoste. Daarná is die data met die hoofpunte uit die literatuuroorsig vergelyk. Die vergelyking toon dat die meeste van die kernbevindinge in die Chirumanzu-gevallestudie met die bevindinge in die literatuuroorsig ooreenstem. Die studie kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat landelike vrouekleinboere voor andersoortige kwessies en meer uitdagings as hul manlike eweknieë te staan kom ten einde marktoegang te verkry. Marktoegangsinisiatiewe wat nié hierdie geslagspesifieke uitdagings van vrouekleinboere erken en hanteer nie, kan dus in gebreke bly om waarlik volhoubare landelike ontwikkeling teweeg te bring. Daarom beveel die studie aan dat marktoegangsinisiatiewe oor méér as die blote fasilitering van marktoegang handel, en ook aandag skenk aan die strukturele maatskaplike, ekonomiese en kulturele kwessies wat besondere uitdagings en beperkings vir vrouekleinboere inhou
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Sibindi, Angels. "An analysis of the impact of contract farming on smallholding farming as a mechanism for value chain efficiency enhancement : the case of Mashonaland central province (Zimbabwe) smallholder tobacco farmers." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95661.

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Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research study has examined the impact of contract farming on enhancing efficiencies with the agricultural value chain for smallholder tobacco farmers in Mashonaland Central Province in Zimbabwe. The major challenges facing smallholder farmers in Africa in general and Zimbabwe in particular relate to financial constraints, technical expertise and market access. Contract farming as a transactions-cost-focussed-model is considered more effectively responsive to those challenges than the pure market approach which insufficiently addresses the impact of information asymmetries, bounded rationality, uncertainty, governance challenges and infrastructure challenges, among others. It allows for closely monitored smallholder financing by agribusiness entities which reduces or eliminates the probability of loan default. Contract farming is seen as an important mechanism in transforming the fragmented, subsistence agriculture in rural Africa into high commercialised and viable business undertakings. In this study, extensive reference is made to literature on agriculture financing; empirical research data on smallholder productivity and loan recoverability is drawn and analysed using the quantitative research methodology. The analysis sought to test for relationships among a set of variables and in the process examined the impact of contract farming. A comparative analysis of national data on the contract and auction system of tobacco marketing was done with emphasis on production and sales volumes, crop quality, price stability and market access. The results from the quantitative analysis of farmer-level and country-level data indicated a strong correlation between smallholder farmer production, productivity and loan recoverability and contract farming value chain intervention mechanisms.
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Musemwa, Lovemore. "Economics of land reform models used in Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/435.

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The land reform that has unfolded in Zimbabwe since 1980 used different models and had diverse consequences. Since the implementation of the fast tract land reform programme in 2000, Zimbabwe experienced heavy reduction in yield and output at farm level that led to a 70% shortfall in production to meet annual food requirements (Richardson, 2005). The economic crisis in Zimbabwe has been characterized by worsening food insecurity especially in the rural areas where harvests continue to be poor. In the beef sector, Zimbabwe has failed to meet its export quota to the EU. The shortfall in production to meet annual food requirements shows a very grim situation but do not tell us about the performance of resettled farmers who now occupy much of the productive land. The broad objective of the study was to determine and compare the production efficiency of resettled farmers in Zimbabwe across land reform models. In addition, the study determined land use intensity. The study was conducted in the Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe mainly because a wide variety of field crops were grown by resettled farmers. The respondents were stratified into three groups. These were: beneficiaries of land reform before 2000 (resettle scheme), fast track A1 model and fast track A2 model. The three models differ on how they were implemented and supported and this might result in different efficiencies of the models. A total of 245 copies structured questionnaire were administered on the resettled farmers from June to September 2010. Descriptive statistics was applied to the basic characteristics of the sampled households. The effect of model of land reform, gender of the household head, marital status, age of the household head, education, household size, religion, dependence ratio, whether the farmer was fulltime or part-time in farming, experience of the farmers in farming at that environment, total land size owned by the farmers and soil type on revenue per hectare and land use rate were determined using the GLM procedure of SAS (2003). Significance differences between least-square group means were compared using the PDIFF test of SAS (2003). The relationship between Revenue and land utilization was examined using the Pearson‟s correlations analysis. Dependance between response variables that had an effect on either revenue per hectare or land utilization with all the other response variables was tested using the Chi-square test for dependance. To find the effect of arable land used and herd size on revenue per hectare and land use the RSREG Procedure of SAS (2003) was used. Input oriented DEA model under the assumption of constant return to scale was used to estimate efficiency in this study. To identify factors that influence efficiency, a Tobit model censored at zero was selected. The mean land use rate varied significantly (p<0.05) with the land reform model with A2 having highest land use rate of 67%. The A1 and old resettlement households had land use rates of 53% and 46%, respectively. Sex, marital status, age of the household head, education and household size significantly affected land use (P<0.05). Revenue per hectare was not affected by any the factors that were inputted in the model. Results from the DEA approach showed that A2 farmers (large land owners) had an average technical efficiency score of 0.839, while the lowest ranking model (A1) had an average score of 0.618. Small land holders (A1 and the old resettled farmers) are on average less cost-efficient than large land owners, with a score of 0.29 for the former compared with 0.45 for the latter. From the factors that were entered in the Tobit model, age of household head, excellent production knowledge and farmer status affected technical efficiency whereas allocative efficiency was only affected by good production knowledge, farm size, arable land owned and area under cultivation. Factors which affected economic efficiency of the resettled farmers are secondary education, household size, farm size, cultivated area and arable land owned. None of the included socio-economic variables has significant effects on the allocative and economic efficiency of the resettled farmers. Thus, the allocative and economic inefficiencies of the farmers might be accounted for by other natural and environmental factors which were not captured in the model.
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Kambanje, Cuthbert. "Economic impacts of large-scale land investments along the emerging Chisumbanje Sugarcane Bio-ethanol Value Chain in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1737.

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Mapfumo, Alexander. "Agricultural expenditure for economic growth and poverty reduction in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/422.

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A vibrant and an efficient agricultural sector would enable a country to feed its growing population, generate employment, earn foreign exchange and provide raw materials for industries. The agricultural sector has a multiplier effect on any nation's socio-economic and industrial fabric because of the multifunctional nature of agriculture. The main objective of this study was to investigate how government expenditure on agriculture has affected economic growth in Zimbabwe from 1980-2009. The Log linear growth regression model was employed where gross domestic gross was the dependant variable and the explanatory variables are the factors which affect it which include government agricultural expenditure. The expenditures of government on agriculture were divided into three functions namely extension, credit assistance and R & D. The regression analyses were performed using Econometric-views 7 (E-views 7) statistical package. Regression was carried out on time series data for the period 1980 to 2009. The data was tested for stationarity and for autocorrelation. Problems of non stationarity of data were corrected by integrating the trending series. Results from the empirical analysis provide strong evidence indicating that agriculture is an engine of economic growth. The results from this study suggest that spending more on agricultural research and development can improve economic growth and ultimately reduce poverty. However, it can also be concluded that insufficient government agricultural expenditure on extension and credit assistance adversely affected economic growth in Zimbabwe, based on the results of the study. Global experience with pro-poor growth and empirical work spanning India, Benin and Malawi demonstrates the importance of agricultural expenditure for poverty reduction in poor rural areas, while also pointing to the need for complementary non farm sector growth. This study also proposes a simple methodology to estimate the agricultural spending that will be required to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving poverty by 2015 (MDG1) in Zimbabwe. This method uses growth poverty and growth expenditure elasticities to estimate the financial resources required to meet the MDG1. The study attempts to address a key knowledge gap by improving estimation of first MDG agricultural expenditure at country level.
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Books on the topic "Agriculture – Economic aspects – Zimbabwe"

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Moyo, Sam. Issues for agricultural employment development in Zimbabwe. Harare: Zimbabwe Institute of Development Studies, 1991.

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Bogedain, Christine. Entwicklung durch Privatisierung?: Bauern zwischen Subsistenzproduktion und Marktorientierung in Zimbabwe. Hamburg: Institut für Afrika-Kunde, 1994.

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Bary, François. Socio-economic study of agriculture and horticulture in Zimbabwe: Background information for biotechnology research and development projects. Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe: COOPIBO Zimbabwe, 1995.

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Jayne, Thomas S. Cash cropping incentives, food marketing performance, and the divergence between national and household comparative advantage evidence from Zimbabwe. Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe: Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, 1992.

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Zimbabwe Institute of Development Studies., ed. The political economy of hunger in Zimbabwe. Harare: Publications Office, ZIDS, 1985.

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Murphree, Marshall W. Savanna land use: Policy and practice in Zimbabwe. Harare, Zimbabwe: Centre for Applied Social Science[s], University of Zimbabwe, 1991.

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Jansen, Doris J. Agriculture and the policy environment: Zambia and Zimbabwe : political dreams and policy nightmares. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1992.

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Cousins, Ben. The dynamics of social differentiation in the communal lands of Zimbabwe. [Harare]: Centre for Applied Social Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, 1990.

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International Institute for Environment and Development., ed. Hazards and opportunities: Farming livelihoods in dryland Africa : lessons from Zimbabwe. London: Zed Books in association with the International Institute for Environment and Development, London, 1996.

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Rukuni, Mandivamba. The development of Zimbabwe's agriculture, 1890-1990. Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe: Dept. of Agricultural Economics & Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Agriculture – Economic aspects – Zimbabwe"

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Togarasei, Lovemore, and Kudzai Biri. "Pentecostal Churches: Money Making Machines or Purveyors of Socio-Economic Growth?" In Aspects of Pentecostal Christianity in Zimbabwe, 165–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78565-3_12.

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Hadas, Efrat, and Yoav Kislev. "Economic Aspects of Irrigation with Treated Wastewater." In Treated Wastewater in Agriculture, 113–27. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444328561.ch4.

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Güth, Werner, and Reinhard Selten. "Strategic Aspects of IIASA’S Food and Agriculture Model." In Economic Globalization, International Organizations and Crisis Management, 297–319. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57110-7_12.

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Jansen, Doris J., and Andrew Rukovo. "Agriculture and the Policy Environment — Political Dreams and Policy Nightmares: Zambia and Zimbabwe." In Economic Reform, Trade and Agricultural Development, 91–109. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23103-4_4.

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Keeler, Andrew G. "Economic Aspects of Enforcing Agricultural Water Policy." In The Economics and Management of Water and Drainage in Agriculture, 717–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4028-1_36.

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Makaudze, Ephias M. "Assessing the Economic Value of El Niño-Based Seasonal Climate Forecasts for Smallholder Farmers in Zimbabwe." In Climate Change and Multi-Dimensional Sustainability in African Agriculture, 591–612. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41238-2_31.

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Nhemachena, Charles, Greenwell Matchaya, Sibusiso Nhlengethwa, and Charity R. Nhemachena. "Economic Aspects of Genetic Resources in Addressing Agricultural Productivity in the Context of Climate Change." In Climate Change and Multi-Dimensional Sustainability in African Agriculture, 171–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41238-2_9.

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Mujeyi, Angeline, and Maxwell Mudhara. "Economic Analysis of Climate-Smart Agriculture Technologies in Maize Production in Smallholder Farming Systems." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 225–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_17.

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AbstractSmallholder farmers who grow the staple maize crop rely mainly on rain-fed agricultural production, and yields are estimated to have decreased by over 50% largely due to climate change. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technologies, as adaptive strategies, are thus increasingly being promoted to overcome problems of declining agricultural productivity and reduced technical efficiency. This study analyzed profitability and profit efficiency in maize (Zea mays) production as a result of CSA technology adoption using cost-benefit analysis and stochastic profit frontier model. The study used data from a cross-sectional household survey of 386 households drawn from 4 districts in Mashonaland East province located in the northeastern part of Zimbabwe. Results from the cost-benefit analysis reveal that maize performs best under CSA technologies. The profit inefficiency model shows that extension contact, number of local traders, and adoption of CSA had significant negative coefficients indicating that as these variables increase, profit efficiency among maize-growing farmers increases. This implies that profit inefficiency in maize production can be reduced significantly with improvement in extension contact, access to farm gate/local markets, and adoption of CSA. The findings call for development practitioners to incorporate market linkages that bring buyers closer to the farmers, support for extension to be able to have frequent contacts with farmers, and promotion of CSA adoption.
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Wagenet, Robert J., Johanas Bouma, and John L. Hutson. "Conceptual and Methodological Aspects of Assessing Pesticide Environmental Impact in Developing Areas." In Economic, Environmental, and Health Tradeoffs in Agriculture: Pesticides and the Sustainability of Andean Potato Production, 41–63. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4854-2_3.

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Cole, Donald C., Fernando Carpio, and Ninfa León. "Conceptual and Methodological Aspects of Investigating the Health Impacts of Agricultural Pesticide Use in Developing Countries." In Economic, Environmental, and Health Tradeoffs in Agriculture: Pesticides and the Sustainability of Andean Potato Production, 65–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4854-2_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Agriculture – Economic aspects – Zimbabwe"

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HORSKA, Elena, Alim PULATOV, and Khabibullo PIRMATOV. "ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF VALUE ADDED AGRICULTURE IN UZBEKISTAN." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.213.

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The goal of this paper is to analyse socio-economic role of value added agriculture in Uzbekistan. The main agricultural exports are cotton (raw and yarn), fruits, vegetables, leather, wool and fur. There is an opportunity to acquire more social and economic advantages by exporting finished goods, which are made out of primary agricultural commodities. Adding value to agricultural products lead to increasing the share of finished goods in export, supplying import-substituting products, improving infrastructure in rural areas, providing new jobs and growing people’s income. The paper presents the analyse of the agriculture sector in GDP and the production dynamics of the primary agricultural commodities during 2005-2014, as well as comparison the share of cotton, fruits, vegetables and leather in export in 2005 and 2014. Based on the analyses it is recommended to widely use value added agriculture in order to support people, who are living in rural areas in Uzbekistan.
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Efremova, E. A. "Legal Aspects Of Digitalization Of Organic Agriculture." In Global Challenges and Prospects of The Modern Economic Development. European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.04.02.176.

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Pochwatka, Patrycja, Alina Kowalczyk-Jusko, Andrzej Mazur, Damian Janczak, Jakub Pulka, Jacek Dach, and Jakub Mazurkiewicz. "Energetic and Economic Aspects of Biogas Plants Feed with Agriculture Biomass." In 2020 4th International Conference on Green Energy and Applications (ICGEA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icgea49367.2020.239705.

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Heryadi, D. Yadi, and Trisna Insan Noor. "SRI Rice Organic Farmers' Dilemma : Between Economic Aspects and Sustainable Agriculture." In 2016 Global Conference on Business, Management and Entrepreneurship. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/gcbme-16.2016.32.

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Dian Perwitasari, Fitri, and Bastoni Bastoni. "Social Study And Economic Aspects Of Sheep In Intensive Livestock Business District Cirebon." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (FANRes 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/fanres-18.2018.58.

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Lonia, B., N. K. Nayar, S. B. Singh, and P. L. Bali. "Techno Economic Aspects of Power Generation From Agriwaste in India." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-170.

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The agricultural operations in India are suffering from a serious problem of shortage of electrical power on one side and economic and effective disposal of agriwaste stuff on the other. India being agriculture based country, 70% of its main income (share in GDP) comes from agriculture sector. Any enhancement of income from this sector is based upon adequate supply of basic inputs in this sector. Regular and adequate power supply is one such input. But, the position of power supply in our country defies both these characteristics. With a major portion of power produced being sent to the industrial and urban consumers, there is a perennial shortage of power in the agriculture sector. Consequently, there is an emergent need to produce more power in order to fulfil the needs of this sector effectively. One way of accomplishing this is setting up captive, preferably rural based, small power generation plants. In these power plants, instead of water-head, diesel oil or coal, we can use agri-residue to produce electricity. One such power plant (1–2 MW capacity) can satisfy the power need of 25 to 40 nearby villages. The agriwaste like rice straw, sugarcane-trash, coir-pith, peanut shells, wheat stalks & straw, cottonseed, stalks and husk, soyabean stalks, maize stalks & cobs, sorghum. Bagasse, wallnut shells, sunflower seeds, shells, hulls and kernels and coconut husk, wastewood and saw dust can be fruitfully utilized in power generation. This stuff is otherwise a waste and liability and consumes a lot of effort on its disposal; in addition to being a fire and health hazard. Agriwaste stuff which at present is available in abundance and prospects of its utilization in producing energy are enormous. This material can be procured at reasonably low rates from the farmers who will thus be benefited economically, apart from being relieved of the responsibility of its disposal. Agri-residue has traditionally been a major source of heat energy in rural areas in India. It is a valuable fuel even in the sub-urban areas. Inspite of rapid increase in the supply of, access lo and use of fossil fuels, agri-residue is likely to continue to play an important role, in the foreseeable future. Therefore, developing and promoting techno-economically-viable technologies to utilize agri-residue efficiently should be a persuit of high priority. Though there is no authentic data available with regard to the exact quantity of agricultural and agro-industrial residues, its rough estimate has been put at about 350 mt per annum. It is also estimated that the total cattle refuse generated is nearly 250 mt per year. Further, nearly 20% of the total land is under forest cover, which produces approximately 50 mt of fuel wood and with associated forest waste of about 5 mt.(1). Taking into account the utilization of even a portion (say 30%) of this agri-residue & agro-industrial waste as well as energy plantation on one million hectare (mha) of wastelands for power generation through bioenergy technologies, a potential of some 18000 MW of power has been estimated. From the foregoing, it is clear that there is an enormous untapped potential for energy generation from agri-residue. What is required is an immediate and urgent intensification of dedicated efforts in this field, with a view to bringing down the unit energy cost and improving efficiency and reliability of agri-waste production, conversion and utilisation, leading to subsequent saving of fossil fuels for other pressing applications. The new initiatives in national energy policy are most urgently needed to accelerate the social and economic development of the rural areas. It demands a substantial increase in production and consumption of energy for productive purposes. Such initiatives are vital for promoting the goals of sustainability. cleaner production and reduction of long-term risks of environmental pollution and consequent adverse climatic changes in future. A much needed significant social, economic and industrial development has yet to take place in large parts of rural India; be it North, West, East or South. It can be well appreciated that a conscious management of agri-residue, which is otherwise a serious liability of the farmer, through its economic conversion into electric power can offer a reasonably viable solution to our developmental needs. This vision will have to be converted into a reality within a decade or so through dedicated and planned R&D work in this area. There is a shimmering promise that the whole process of harvesting, collection, transport and economic processing and utilisation of agri-waste can be made technically and economically more viable in future. Thus, the foregoing paras amply highlight the value of agri-residue as a prospective source of electric power, particularly for supplementing the main grid during the lean supply periods or peak load hours and also for serving the remote areas in the form of stand-alone units giving a boost to decentralised power supply. This approach and option seems to be positive in view of its potential contribution to our economic and social development. No doubt, this initiative needs to be backed and perused rigorously for removing regional imbalances as well as strengthening National economy. This paper reviews the current situation with regards to generation of agriwaste and its prospects of economic conversion into electrical power, technologies presently available for this purpose, and the problems faced in such efforts. It emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to devise ways and means for generating electrical power from agriwaste; keeping in mind the requirements of cleaner production and environmental protection so that the initiative leads to a total solution.
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ATKOČIŪNIENĖ, Vilma, and Shaik Ilyas MOHAMMED. "PARTICULARITIES OF AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE BLACK FOREST: CLIMATE CHANGE AND MANAGEMENT ASPECTS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.239.

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The current European Union’s and state agricultural support is more focused on the modernization of farms in technological terms, coupled with the intensification of production, and weakly focused on the farm exclusivity and diversification. This creates a minor motivation for farmers to address the issues related to climate change mitigation. The main attention in the article is concentrated on two themes: climate change and forest management. The main research methods were used: analysis and generalization of scientific literature, interview, logical and systematically reasoning, comparison, abstracts and other methods. The farms in the lower mountain ranges of Germany will change different climate conditions analyzed in the 2017 summer. Sustainable framing wide term in black forest, forest lands, organic farms, are depending or considering the climate cycles. In economic social conditions of Germany, black forest farming is so sensitive towards ancient methods of farming and their equations with the current environment. In simple terms, black forest sustainable framing is farming ecological by promoting methods and practices that are economically viable. It does not only particular about economic aspects of farming perhaps on the use of non-renewable factors in the process of thoughtful and effective farming. Agriculture land of Black Forest contributes to the nutrient and healthy food to reach high standard of living of the black forest society.
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Shaji, Lakshmi S. "A Positive Response to Urban Ecological Aspects Around an Urban Pond Through Urban Design Guidelines." In International Web Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable Planet. AIJR Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.112.24.

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Cities are growing at a phenomenal pace and the speed has created a huge gap between the urban dwellers and nature. Though development of cities are driven by many economic factors and ecological driving factors are acknowledged in recent times, water resources still lack importance. The significance of urban water bodies are mainly in two ways: one is to help the survival of the water dependent ecosystem and landscape and the other is to recharge the water beneath the ground. Since ancient times water had a great role in human culture in many ways through rituals and lifestyle, especially in India. Creating huge man made reservoirs, for agriculture and day to day uses. Unfortunately, in recent times anthropogenic activities have created the worst phase of degradation of natural resources and mainly water. So as an urban designer there is a great social responsibility and commitment for building up a better and healthy city have a key role in integrating such natural resources positively with the newly heading urbanized world.In this study an attempt to make a qualitative analysis of the current scenario of urban ponds in Trivandrum has been made.
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Nagchaudhuri, Abhijit, Madhumi Mitra, Carolyn Brooks, Tracie J. Earle, Gabriel Ladd, and Geoffrey L. Bland. "Integration of Mechatronics, Geospatial Information Technology, and Remote Sensing in Agriculture and Environmental Stewardship." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15019.

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University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES) is located in the eastern shore region of Delmarva Peninsula. Rural environment of the region and the proximity to Chesapeake Bay makes agricultural needs and environmental concerns some of the key issues in the area. Precision Agriculture integrates advanced mechatronics, geoinformatics, and remote sensing to address these issues in an effective manner. This paper will highlight ongoing efforts to develop the infrastructure for this advanced technology driven agricultural practice at UMES that has significant intersection with broad umbrella of the field of "Mechatronics". Particular emphasis will be on integration of yield monitor and a GPS unit with the existing UMES combine/mechanical harvester; remote sensing from UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), RAV (Remote Controlled Aerial Vehicle), and manned airplane equipped with camera systems; advanced technologies for sensing and monitoring, datalogging, and wireless transmission of environmental data; geospatial information technology; future plans involving variable rate application of nutrients and fertilizers. The paper will also describe aspects of three ongoing multidisciplinary projects titled (i) Environmentally Conscious Precision Agriculture (ECPA); (ii) Airborne Science and Technology Institute (ASTI) and (iii) Aerial Imaging and Remote Sensing for Precision Agriculture and Environmental Stewardship (AIRSPACES) that have contributed significantly in advancing the broad project goals that are not only consistent with the economic necessities of the region but also the land grant mission of UMES.
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Markova, Mihaela. "DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION - THE BASIS FOR DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS." In SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT - CURRENT PRACTICES AND SOLUTIONS 2019. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/slm2019.186.

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In a dynamic market environment, the agrarian business follows trends for innovation, smart solutions, digital systems for precision agriculture, technology for saving resources and higher economic efficiency. The economy, of which the agricultural sector is part, is becoming a digital one. The main research objective of this development is to consider and interpret more significant aspects of the digital transformation of the economy, of which the agricultural business is a part, and to use this database to outline solutions as a factor for efficiency and development.
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Reports on the topic "Agriculture – Economic aspects – Zimbabwe"

1

Mutyasira, Vine. Impact of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Zimbabwe - Round 1 Report. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2020.007.

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COVID-19 has undoubtedly affected lives and livelihoods across the globe. In Zimbabwe, preliminary indications point to a worsening economic situation in a country already facing macroeconomic challenges, particularly in rural communities where most households depend on agriculture. National lockdown and movement restrictions have affected agricultural activities as well as access to markets and farming inputs.
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Rajarajan, Kunasekaran, Alka Bharati, Hirdayesh Anuragi, Arun Kumar Handa, Kishor Gaikwad, Nagendra Kumar Singh, Kamal Prasad Mohapatra, et al. Status of perennial tree germplasm resources in India and their utilization in the context of global genome sequencing efforts. World Agroforestry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp20050.pdf.

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Tree species are characterized by their perennial growth habit, woody morphology, long juvenile period phase, mostly outcrossing behaviour, highly heterozygosity genetic makeup, and relatively high genetic diversity. The economically important trees have been an integral part of the human life system due to their provision of timber, fruit, fodder, and medicinal and/or health benefits. Despite its widespread application in agriculture, industrial and medicinal values, the molecular aspects of key economic traits of many tree species remain largely unexplored. Over the past two decades, research on forest tree genomics has generally lagged behind that of other agronomic crops. Genomic research on trees is motivated by the need to support genetic improvement programmes mostly for food trees and timber, and develop diagnostic tools to assist in recommendation for optimum conservation, restoration and management of natural populations. Research on long-lived woody perennials is extending our molecular knowledge and understanding of complex life histories and adaptations to the environment, enriching a field that has traditionally drawn its biological inference from a few short-lived herbaceous species. These concerns have fostered research aimed at deciphering the genomic basis of complex traits that are related to the adaptive value of trees. This review summarizes the highlights of tree genomics and offers some priorities for accelerating progress in the next decade.
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