Journal articles: 'Agriculture – Economic aspects – Zimbabwe'

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Gambiza. "Permaculture: Challenges and benefits in improving rural livelihoods in South Africa and Zimbabwe." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (April 12, 2019): 2219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082219.

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Feeding a growing global population using conventional agricultural practices is leading toadverse environmental impacts. There is a call for alternative forms of agriculture that address social,economic, and environmental aspects of sustainability. Permaculture is a holistic design frameworkthat incorporates sustainable agricultural practices, potentially improving livelihoods. This studylooked at the challenges and benefits of permaculture in improving rural livelihoods in Zimbabweand South Africa. We used semi-structured interviews to collect data. Permaculture contributed over40% to total income for participants in both countries. However, permaculture was not the dominantsource of income and periodically straddled multiple livelihood strategies. The main benefits ofpermaculture were identified as improved human health, increased resilience to environmentalchanges, and reduction of input costs. The key challenges included high labour input, infestationof pests and diseases, and lack of knowledge on permaculture practices. Although permaculturepresents significant challenges, its integration with other forms of sustainable agricultural practicescan contribute to improved rural livelihoods.

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Pánková, Ludmila, Renata Aulová, and Jan Jarolímek. "Economic Aspects of Precision Agriculture Systems." Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/aol.2020.120306.

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Chifurira, Retius, Delson Chikobvu, and Dorah Dubihlela. "Rainfall prediction for sustainable economic growth." Environmental Economics 7, no. 4 (December 21, 2016): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.07(4-1).2016.04.

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Agriculture is the backbone of Zimbabwe’s economy with the majority of Zimbabweans being rural people who derive their livelihood from agriculture and other agro-based economic activities. Zimbabwe’s agriculture depends on the erratic rainfall which threatens food, water and energy access, as well as vital livelihood systems which could severely undermine efforts to drive sustainable economic growth. For Zimbabwe, delivering a sustainable economic growth is intrinsically linked to improved climate modelling. Climate research plays a pivotal role in building Zimbabwe’s resilience to climate change and keeping the country on track, as it charts its path towards sustainable economic growth. This paper presents a simple tool to predict summer rainfall using standardized Darwin sea level pressure (SDSLP) anomalies and southern oscillation index (SOI) that are used as part of an early drought warning system. Results show that SDSLP anomalies and SOI for the month of April of the same year, i.e., seven months before onset of summer rainfall (December to February total rainfall) are a simple indicator of amount of summer rainfall in Zimbabwe. The low root mean square error (RMSE) and root mean absolute error (RMAE) values of the proposed model, make SDSLP anomalies for April and SOI for the same month an additional input candidates for regional rainfall prediction schemes. The results of the proposed model will benefit in the prediction of oncoming summer rainfall and will influence policy making in agriculture, environment planning, food redistribution and drought prediction for sustainable economic development. Keywords: sustainable economic growth, standardized Darwin sea level pressure anomalies, southern oscillation index, summer rainfall prediction, Zimbabwe. JEL Classification: Q16, Q25, Q54, Q55, Q58

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Shang, Yung C., and Barry A. Costa-Pierce. "INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE-AGRICULTURE FARMING SYSTEMS: SOME ECONOMIC ASPECTS." Journal of the World Mariculture Society 14, no. 1-4 (March 12, 2009): 523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1983.tb00104.x.

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Serebrennikova, Anna I., Aleksey V. Mikryukov, and Tatyana A. Tchilimova. "Socio-economic aspects of bank lending to agriculture." E3S Web of Conferences 176 (2020): 04014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017604014.

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The article is devoted to the socio-economic aspects of banks ' activities in relation to agricultural lending. The contextual background of the study is the social significance of agriculture for the country in terms of food security and the formation of a stable standard of living of the population. The purpose of the study was to reach the essential understanding of the social aspects of the Bank's activities by considering the social functions of the Bank in the lending process. The article considers the composition of credit subjects and gives a brief description of them. The activity of the State as a regulator of credit relations and a full participant in lending is emphasized. The essential understanding of the bank 's social functions in the context of solving the state 's social task of financing agriculture through the mechanism of concessional lending has been expanded. Conclusions are made about the leading role of the state in the formation of the mechanism of interaction between the Bank and the borrower with the strengthening of social functions of the Bank.

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Tvrdoň, J. "Economic aspects of rural areas sustainable development." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 51, No. 1 (February 20, 2012): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5070-agricecon.

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The articles deals with problems of different development of rural areas and their factors. In usual analysis of rural development, the position of agriculture is interpreted in broad range of opinions from the neglectable role to its non-substitutability in rural economics. The article follows strong sides of these concepts at simultaneous reduction of their weaknesses and is focused on problems of investigation of the mutual influence of endogenous as well as exogenous industries on rural regions. Applied approach leads to setting up model of economic base and deriving of multiplicators of rural development. It is obvious from the analysis that nonagricultural subsidy programs supporting development of the others industries in region have indirect influence upon its agriculture too. In different regions, this influence varies due to the factors investigated in the paper. 

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Ndakaripa, Musiwaro. "‘Zimbabwe is open for business’: Aspects of post-Mugabe economic diplomacy." South African Journal of International Affairs 27, no. 3 (July 2, 2020): 363–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2020.1826355.

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Zvavahera, Promise, and Farai Chigora. "Food and Nutrition Promotion: Feasibility of the Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable Socio-Economic Transformation." Business and Management Horizons 3, no. 1 (June 11, 2015): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bmh.v3i1.7800.

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Zimbabwe has faced persistent droughts from around year 1990 to date posing a structural food security challenge to the populace. Recently, the government of Zimbabwe introduced a blue print to spearhead and map sustainable balance in tapping value from the available natural and man-made resources in the country. This is known as the Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable Socio-economic Transformation Programme (Zim Asset). Amongst its prospects, agriculture and nutrition has been reckoned as a sustainable cluster for economic development. This study was undertaken one and half years after the implementation of Zim Asset as an evaluation mechanism on the successes and challenges faced in transforming the Zimbabwean economy with specific reference to the Food and Nutrition Cluster. The study employed both post positivism and interpretivism philosophies applying quantitative and qualitative approaches in gathering research data. The research instruments included documentary evidence, face to face in-depth interviews and focus groups. The in-depth interviews explored issues to do with resources allocation in line with the Zim Asset agriculture sustenance objectives. Focus was therefore, on the four Ministries supporting the Food and Nutrition Cluster. Eighty percent of the respondents reported that the economic blue print has not made any significant strides in improving the country’s agricultural performance and food security since the inception of Zim Asset in October 2013. It was noted that the country continued to import maize from Zambia and other countries in the region. The major reason for its lack of success was due to the unavailability of resources to support the programme and the fact that land was allocated to unproductive and cell phone farmers. There was consensus that land audit and recapitalisation of the agriculture sector were critical in achieving the desired outcomes. The study recommends that the programme be adequately funded, so that the country can become self-sufficient.

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Bornstein, Erica. "DEVELOPING FAITH: THEOLOGIES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ZIMBABWE." Journal of Religion in Africa 32, no. 1 (2002): 4–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700660260048456.

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AbstractThis paper analyzes the role of religious faith in the work of two Christian NGOs involved in economic development in Zimbabwe, World Vision and Christian Care. While economic development is rarely analyzed in terms of religious ideas, this essay explores the religious aspects of development for employees of Christian NGOs and recipients of their development assistance. Uniting development and evangelism, employees of Christian NGOs articulate faith through concepts of 'holism', 'lifestyle evangelism', and prayer. These ideas and practices permeate institutional directives, the experiences of NGO workers, and the communities they serve. The essay compares what faith means to communities being 'developed' at project sites in rural Zimbabwe with faith as it is exercised alongside administrative power in NGO offices. It demonstrates how faith structures the initiatives and interpretation of economic development, and traces what is religious about development for NGO employees and for the rural communities they assist.

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Bai, Atiila. "Economic Aspects of Bioethanol Production." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 14 (September 22, 2004): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/14/3364.

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Sustainability and multifunctionality look to be crucial points of the future of developed agriculture. Energy utilization of a part of the available biomass perfectly fits in these expectations. Bioethanol production allows for the substitution of the most expensive and most pollutable energy source, gasoline, by agricultural materials. This article contains a complex evaluation of economic characteristics of this method and calculations for the expectable economic effects of a would-be Hungarian bioethanol program. This essay includes the most important technological knowledge, a comparison between bioethanol and the competitive energy sources (gasoline, biodiesel, MTBE) and the most interesting elements of bioethanol programs operating in foreign countries. Introduced are which participants in the bioethanol chain have financial interests and counter-interests under present economic conditions in the spread of bioethanol by the enumerazation of macro- and micro-economic factors. The statements and consequences are based on my own calculatiosn so I am truly interested in any professional opinion.

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Burliai, A., O. Burliai, and L. Kovalev. "Methodological aspects of conducting economic analysis of greening of agriculture." Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture 2, no. 96 (June 2020): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2020-96-2-54-69.

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Ncube, Douglas. "Agricultural Distortions and Economic Growth in Southern Africa: Evidence from Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe (1970-2011)." Open Agriculture Journal 11, no. 1 (July 18, 2017): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331501711010035.

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Introduction:The first decade of 2000 was considered Africa’s decade of unprecedented growth as it was the fastest growing region in the world. This growth is believed to have largely been a benefit of the commodity super-cycle which is beginning to tail-off. Analysts perceive that growth in Africa is currently more threatened by global trends and region specific risks around agriculture and politics.Statement of the problem:It has been noted that African countries have experienced stagnant or declining agricultural productivity growth rates, increasing rural poverty, hunger and malnutrition coupled with low competitiveness in global markets over the decades.Methodology:Using the database on Distortions to Agricultural Incentives, the World Development Indicators and the Penn World Tables, the determinants of economic growth in Southern Africa and the impacts of a pro or anti agricultural policy regime on economic growth were investigated. In this study, three Southern Africa countries were investigated, that is, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe.Results:The Panel Data Analysis results suggest that 1% decrease in the degree of anti-agriculture policy bias results in a 0.1% increase in real per capita GDP. Further, 1% increase in the share of gross capital formation in GDP results in 0.04% increase in real per capita GDP.Conclusion:The study showed that reducing direct and indirect, implicit and explicit taxation to agriculture relative to non-agriculture sector would result in improved economic growth in the three Southern African countries of Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mozambique.

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Nhemachena, Charles. "Economic impacts of climate change on agriculture and implications for food security in Zimbabwe." African Journal of Agricultural Research 9, no. 11 (March 14, 2014): 1001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2012.6685.

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Allen, Patricia, Debra Van Dusen, Jackelyn Lundy, and Stephen Gliessman. "Integrating social, environmental, and economic issues in sustainable agriculture." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 6, no. 1 (March 1991): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300003787.

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AbstractIn the past several years, researchers, educators, policymakers, and activists have initiated sustainable agriculture programs and efforts the world over. This development has sometimes been accompanied by a sense that it is time to stop discussing sustainability at a conceptual level and get on with the work of making agriculture sustainable. Our perspective is that it is critical to pursue a comprehensive definition of sustainability in order to set sustainable agriculture priorities and ensure that sustainable agriculture takes a path that does not reproduce problems of conventional agriculture. In this paper we briefly review some popular definitions of sustainable agriculture and find that their focus is primarily on farm-level resource conservation and profitability as the main components of sustainability. Others have challenged this approach for either not examining the social aspects of sustainability or for containing an implicit assumption that working on the environmental, production, and microeconomic aspects of sustainability will automatically take care of its social aspects. We propose an expanded conceptualization of sustainability—one that focuses on the entire food and agriculture system at a global level and includes not only environmental soundness and economic viability, but social equity as well. In this perspective, issues such as poverty and hunger are as central to achieving agricultural sustainability as those of soil erosion and adequate farm returns.

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Masvaure, Steven. "Coping with food poverty in cities: The case of urban agriculture in Glen Norah Township in Harare." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 31, no. 3 (May 20, 2015): 202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170515000101.

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AbstractThe focus of this study is on urban agriculture which is a common informal sector activity across most sub-Saharan African cities. Urban agriculture is more common among poor urban households, and acts as a poverty coping mechanism. Poor households often spend more than 60% of their income on food alone. The major thrust of this study was to understand the underlying mechanisms driving farming in cities. A mixed method research approach was adopted and data was collected from 103 households in Glen Norah Township in Harare, Zimbabwe through semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and observations. Arising from analysis of the data, the Urban Livelihoods Coping Model (ULCM) is proposed in order to explain the phenomenon of urban agriculture in African cities. This model acknowledges the fact that the socio-economic conditions and the socio-historical context of Zimbabwe and other African countries today is as a result of the influence of ‘Western leaning’ development policies influenced by modernization and associated theories. These theories combined with cultural factors and the impact of Structural Adjustment Policies resulted in the present situation where urban agriculture plays a critical role in the survival of the urban poor as a coping mechanism against food poverty. The ULCM ascribes the emergence of urban agriculture to necessity, ability and opportunity. The significance of this study is that it will contribute to understanding the socio-economic role of urban agriculture and how it can be factored into the urban planning systems of developing countries.

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Matandare, Mufaro Andrew, and Mohd Ashraf. "Agriculture Expenditure and Economic Growth in Zimbabwe During The Pre-Economic Meltdown Period: Cointegration and Error Correction Models." Prestige International Journal of Management & IT - Sanchayan 07, no. 02 (December 15, 2018): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37922/pijmit.2018.v07i02.006.

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Boháčková, I., and M. Hrabánková. "Income disparity of Czech agriculture – selected aspects." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 54, No. 5 (June 13, 2008): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/250-agricecon.

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The paper is focused on the problems of income disparity in agriculture. This economic as well as social phenomenon is often discussed, especially at the administrative level, nevertheless, it has not been exactly defined and methodically delimited yet. The comparison of average wages of farmers with average wages in inhomogeneous industry and with average wages in the very sector-differentiated national economy used today can be considered as problematic. In the paper, the possible system of income disparity monitoring is suggested which would remove the current deficiencies. In its frame, a special attention is paid to regional aspects of income disparity and the relation of wages and labour productivity.

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Flynn, Karen Coen. "Urban Agriculture in Mwanza, Tanzania." Africa 71, no. 4 (November 2001): 666–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2001.71.4.666.

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AbstractMany people living in Mwanza, Tanzania, provision themselves through urban agriculture—the planting of crops and raising of animals in urban and peri-urban areas, as well as in the countryside. This article compares Mwanza's urban farmers with those in Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Ghana. Like Zimbabwe's urban agriculturalists, more and more of Mwanza's are not among the poorest of the poor. Much like Ghana's urban farmers, those in Mwanza are often middle and upper-class males with access to scarce land and inputs. Urban cultivators in Mwanza differ from those in Kenya and Zambia with regard to gender, socio-economic class and the factors motivating their farming activities. These findings suggest that even though socio-economic differentiation is on the increase in Tanzania it has not reached the levels of divergence found in Kenya and Zambia. Many of Mwanza's wealthier males continue to face enough job/income insecurity to choose to plant crops to support themselves and their household in lean times. They may also engage in urban agriculture because they are unable or unwilling to take advantage of more profitable investment opportunities outside the food market, or because they desire to spread risk across a number of different investments.

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Murwirapachena, Genius, and Courage Mlambo. "Life Expectancy In Zimbabwe: An Analysis Of Five Decades." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 14, no. 3 (April 30, 2015): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v14i3.9207.

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Great inconsistencies have been observed in life expectancy dynamics in Zimbabwe over the past decades. Contradictions exist among Zimbabweans where some believe that people used to live longer during the colonial era than they live now. Such beliefs have been exacerbated by the recent economic woes that ensued in the country. Dynamics in the Zimbabwean life expectancy patterns have seen male Zimbabweans outliving their female counterparts since the year 2000. Such an alteration contradicts general world life expectancy trends where females commonly live longer than males. This paper analyses trends in the Zimbabwean life expectancy over the period 1970 to 2012. The ordinary least squares method is used to examine the impact of economic growth, inflation, increase in agriculture land, population growth and the dependency ratio on life expectancy in Zimbabwe. Empirical results from this study revealed that economic growth, inflation and population growth have a positive relationship with life expectancy while increases in both agricultural land and the dependency ratio have negative effects on life expectancy in Zimbabwe.

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Csatári, Gábor Bence. "Economic aspects of innovation in sheep breeding." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 31 (November 24, 2008): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/31/3002.

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Innovation, as a factor influencing the success of farming, is of outstanding importance also in agriculture. Only those businesses (enterprises, companies) can be successful in the longrun which are able to adapt the new technological elements and to make their own developments occasionally and make them suitable for practical utilization.The innovation activities performed by the enterprises, business organizations can be evaluated at firm (microeconomic) and national economy (macroeconomic) levels. In the case of sheep breeding also, a complex evaluation system should be applied, since this is a sector, which has significant rural development and social impacts. The innovation processes are analysed from the identification of the problem inducing research and development until the return of the invested resources.

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Dementieva, Anastasia. "Economic aspects of branch convergence in agriculture of the Krasnodar Territory." Proceedings of the Kuban State Agrarian University 1, no. 76 (2019): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21515/1999-1703-76-15-21.

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Lichen, Niu. "ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF LAND USE IN AGRICULTURE OF CHINA." Agrosvit, no. 11 (June 21, 2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32702/2306-6792.2019.11.65.

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Niu, Lichen. "Organizational and economic aspects of land use in agriculture of China." Агросвіт, no. 11, червень (2019): 65–73.

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Bainé Szabó, Bernadett. "Economic Aspects of Rural Tourism." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 12 (November 26, 2003): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/12/3431.

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necessary to ensure the livelihoods of those leaving the agricultural sector and to supplement the incomes of those working in agriculture. I research rural development in four settlements in Hajdú-Bihar County, in Balmazújváros, Hortobágy, Tiszacsege and Egyek, all bordering Hortobágy National Park.There are many alternative income sources in settlements in the Hortobágy area, such as organic farming, production herbs, hungaricums, small animals and arts and crafts, as well as rural tourism. Rural tourism is not for subsistence, but a supplementary income source, mainly available during the summer time. I made a survey of rural hosts in the four examined settlements, and according to my results, I constructed a model reflecting the cost-benefit relation, as well as the payment period conditions of rural tourism. I am going to show whether it is worth dealing with rural tourism, and if yes, under what conditions. Rural tourism contributes to the maintenance of rural modes of living, in this way it has significant cultural, economic, ecological and social aspects, as well. It is crucial for settlements to create the appropriate conditions needed for joining rural tourism, if it is worth joining at all, and to realise investments for all these. Rural tourism has strict requirements for the levels of environment, infrastructure and services. Studying the Western-European practices, Hungary is lagged behind in the conditions of rural tourism and rural hosts have done their activities mainly out of necessity and not to maintain traditions. Rural tourism may result in success only by co-operation and over the long-run.

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Rodoljub, Topić, and Spasojević Boris. "Contemporary Aspects of Correlation between Agriculture and Rural Development." ECONOMICS 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eoik-2017-0001.

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Summary In most countries, agriculture represents a strategic economic sector. In developed countries, the share of agriculture in GDP amounts only to 2-3%, but this industry assists in development of other sectors as well: trade, tourism, chemical and mechanical/machine industry, etc. Nowadays, great attention is paid to environmental protection and production of quality products. Sustainability has become a key determinant of agricultural production. Modern agriculture is focused onto productive and intensive production, but also towards multifunctional development of rural areas. Implementation of integral rural development and new regional concept of development sublimates several objectives: economic and social progress, demographic stability, environmental and cultural heritage protection, etc. This development model is mainly introduced in developed countries, but also in developing countries. A greater scope of social problems, in addition to the production, is resolved by doing so,. However, the results of the rural development policy differ from one country to another. Today, methods for measurement of rurality have been developed. Agriculture and rural development are in constant interaction, but the advocates of direct support for agriculture continue to oppose territorial approach and subsidies for rural development.

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Uliszak, Radosław. "Przejawy kryzysu we współczesnym rolnictwie." Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society 18 (January 1, 2011): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20801653.18.9.

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The crisis in agriculture seems to be different than in other economic sectors. This is the result of agriculture’s specificity. There is a very strong relationship between farmers and the results of their work with natural environment. These connections are much more important than in industry or services. Food production is of greatest importance. People have to eat even during very strong economic crisis. Still, there are some types of crises present in contemporary agriculture. Some of them resemble the crises present in the last thousands of years, but some of them are characteristic for current situation. In the article the following types of contemporary agricultural problems were discussed: the crisis caused by natural environment conditions (the case of Russia and India), overproduction (the case of CAP in EU), the economic crisis (the case of West), the crisis caused by political tensions (the case of Laos and Zimbabwe) as well as the situation of Polish agriculture (after Poland’s accession to EU).

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Wright, Jim, P. Vazé, G. Russell, SW Gundry, A. Ferro-Luzzi, P. Mucavele, and J. Nyatsanza. "Seasonal aspects of weight-for-age in young children in Zimbabwe." Public Health Nutrition 4, no. 3 (June 2001): 757–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2000100.

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AbstractObjective:To identify the season with the highest prevalence of underweight among young children and to examine geographical variation in seasonality of underweight.Design:This analysis is based on monthly data from a clinic-based growth monitoring programme that forms part of the National Health Information System. A regression-based technique is used to identify seasonal patterns in both underweight prevalence and attendance nationally and in 60 different districts.Setting:The analysis covers the period 1988–1995 and is based in Zimbabwe.Subjects:The analysis is based on weight-for-age measurements of Zimbabwean children less than 5 years old, who attended health centres as part of a growth monitoring programme.Results:Nationally, a small but significant increase in levels of underweight takes place during January–March. Participation in growth monitoring also varies seasonally and could account for the increase observed. No evidence of seasonal variation in underweight prevalence is found in the majority of districts studied, although 11 of the districts showed a similar pattern to the national data set. This peak in the incidence of poor nutritional status also coincides with the period of food scarcity before harvest, which is also associated with higher prevalence of diarrhoea and malaria. No differences in seasonality of under-nutrition were found between districts with predominantly subsistence agriculture and those with more commercial forms of agriculture.Conclusions:Seasonal variation in child weight-for-age exists in some parts of Zimbabwe, but its effects on cross-sectional prevalence studies are likely to be small. There are no readily discernible differences between areas that show evidence of seasonality in levels of underweight and those that do not.

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Matsungo, Tonderayi Mathew, and Prosper Chopera. "Nutrition in contemporary Zimbabwe: a situational analysis." North African Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 4, no. 9 (November 23, 2020): S25—S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.4.9.s25-s35.

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Background: Malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a global public health challenge affecting mostly women and children in Africa. The socioeconomic consequences of poor nutrition are far-reaching and cross-generational. Objective: To provide an update on the nutrition situation in Zimbabwe in the context of the United Nations 2030 sustainable development agenda. Key findings: In Zimbabwe, the leading nutrition problems include high levels of childhood stunting, micronutrient deficiencies (Vitamin A, Iron, Zinc, and Selenium) affecting mostly children younger than 5 years and women aged 15-49 years. This paper presents evidence on the emergence of obesity and associated complications like diabetes, hypertension, and several cancers in addition to the traditional problem of undernutrition burden “multiple burden of malnutrition”. These nutrition challenges can be attributed to poor breastfeeding and infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, the low dietary diversity affecting mostly rural households and nutrition transition. Cultural and religious beliefs are barriers to the adoption of appropriate breastfeeding and IYCF practices. Conclusion: The multiple burden of malnutrition exists in Zimbabwe. Although there is political, commitment and multisectoral initiatives to address malnutrition and food insecurity, the declining socio-economic situation and the COVID-19 associated restrictions are worsening the situation and poor households are getting more vulnerable. Considering that Zimbabwe’s economy is agriculture-based there is a need to put emphasis on promoting nutrition-sensitive agriculture initiatives and urgently implement the Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) to propel the adoption of healthy lifestyles and dietary behaviors. Keywords: Stunting, Breastfeeding, IYCF, Micronutrient deficiency, SDGs, COVID-19, Zimbabwe.

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Matsungo, Tonderayi Mathew, and Prosper Chopera. "Nutrition in contemporary Zimbabwe: a situational analysis." Special Issue July-December 2020 04, no. 09 (November 23, 2020): S25—S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.4.09.s25-s35.

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Background: Malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a global public health challenge affecting mostly women and children in Africa. The socioeconomic consequences of poor nutrition are far-reaching and cross-generational. Objective: To provide an update on the nutrition situation in Zimbabwe in the context of the United Nations 2030 sustainable development agenda. Key findings: In Zimbabwe, the leading nutrition problems include high levels of childhood stunting, micronutrient deficiencies (Vitamin A, Iron, Zinc, and Selenium) affecting mostly children younger than 5 years and women aged 15-49 years. This paper presents evidence on the emergence of obesity and associated complications like diabetes, hypertension, and several cancers in addition to the traditional problem of undernutrition burden “multiple burden of malnutrition”. These nutrition challenges can be attributed to poor breastfeeding and infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, the low dietary diversity affecting mostly rural households and nutrition transition. Cultural and religious beliefs are barriers to the adoption of appropriate breastfeeding and IYCF practices. Conclusion: The multiple burden of malnutrition exists in Zimbabwe. Although there is political, commitment and multisectoral initiatives to address malnutrition and food insecurity, the declining socio-economic situation and the COVID-19 associated restrictions are worsening the situation and poor households are getting more vulnerable. Considering that Zimbabwe’s economy is agriculture-based there is a need to put emphasis on promoting nutrition-sensitive agriculture initiatives and urgently implement the Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) to propel the adoption of healthy lifestyles and dietary behaviors. Keywords: Stunting, Breastfeeding, IYCF, Micronutrient deficiency, SDGs, COVID-19, Zimbabwe.

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Wright, Jim, Prabhat Vaze, and Stephen Gundry. "The Role of Policy in the Encroachment of Maize Cultivation in Semi-Arid Zimbabwe." Outlook on Agriculture 27, no. 2 (June 1998): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709802700206.

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For many areas of smallholder dryland agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa, cultivation of drought-resistant small grains such as millets and sorghum offer reliable harvests and food security. Despite this, the area given over to maize in such semi-arid areas has been increasing, although there is a risk of crop failure associated with its longer growing season. The influence of agricultural policy on this change in cropping patterns is examined here in the context of Zimbabwe. It is argued that despite the official extension advice discouraging maize cultivation, other aspects of policy have indirectly contributed to this change in cropping patterns. These aspects include seed supply, changes in producer prices, and the operation of the drought relief programme.

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Mvumi, C., O. Ndoro, and S. A. Manyiwo. "Conservation agriculture, conservation farming and conventional tillage adoption, efficiency and economic benefits in semi-arid Zimbabwe." African Journal of Agricultural Research 12, no. 19 (May 11, 2017): 1629–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2017.12153.

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Štaube, Tatjana, and Ineta Geipele. "Scientific Aspects of Spatial Economic Allocation of Entrepreneurial Activities." Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 5, no. 1 (November 27, 2017): 76–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjreecm-2017-0007.

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AbstractThe paper includes results of economic calculation until 2020 regarding adaptations of the algorithm model of forecasting supply of spatial economic objects for planning the development of the Latvian high-end industrial market space. Scientific discussion concerns the average temperature increase as a determinant ratio and the definition of spatial economics developed by the authors The research focuses on the changes in climatic conditions, which may have an impact on the country’s economic development priorities. The paper also reflects on assessment of regional specialization of the leading entrepreneurial activities in Latvia and the Baltic States. It is mainly based on the empirical study of scientific literature. The authors apply the following methods: decision-making, analysis of primary and secondary sources, the Gini coefficient of Regional Specialization, the Gini coefficient of Geographical Concentration, logical approach and comparisons, systems and dynamic factor analysis, expert analysis, mathematical statistical methods. Main conclusions state that Latvia would continue regional development, maintain division of industrial capacities and decrease of Riga’s industrial agglomeration. Agriculture will develop intensively. Increase in high-class industrial property stock is partly conditioned by the high-quality manufacturing needs, as well as logistics and service needs. The calculated level of that stock is 772,300 sq.m until 2020. In fact, Latvia demonstrates low regional specialization rates for agriculture and manufacturing. The authors stress importance of development of the appropriate infrastructure in creating competitive local business environment in the Latvian cities.

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Cobbe, James H. "Economic Aspects of Lesotho's Relations with South Africa." Journal of Modern African Studies 26, no. 1 (March 1988): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00010338.

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Lesotho has long had the distinction of being one of the more anomalous states not only in Southern Africa, but in the world. It is entirely surrounded by another country, the Republic of South Africa. It is ethnically and linguistically very homogeneous. It is a monarchy. Physically, the lowest point in Lesotho is higher, in vertical distance above sea level, that that in any other country. Its economy is marked by some extraordinary paradoxes, such as agriculture being the main economic activity of the bulk of the labour force albeit the origin of a small fraction of total income, imports enomously exceeding exports and being larger than domestic output, and fewer citizens working for cash inside the country than outside.

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Yılmaz, Hasan, Ludwig Lauwers, Jeroen Buysse, and Guido Van Huylenbroeck. "Economic Aspects of Manure Management and Practices for Sustainable Agriculture in Turkey." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pesd-2019-0020.

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Abstract Turkish livestock sector plays very important role in the Turkish GDP and the use of manure affects the environment but the farming sector want the farmers to employ the use of more integrated manure practice. The study assessed the economic impacts of integrated manure and chemical fertilizer used and the manure management practices sustainable for Turkish agriculture. Turkey is dependent on foreign countries not only for energy but for chemical fertilizers raw materials. High price of chemical fertilizers is one of the negative impact, manure substitution will lead to stable macro-economy, and environmental friendly economy and agricultural productivity will also impacts. To achieve these impacts, some manure practices suitable for sustainable rural development in Turkey was assessed.

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Ukolova, N., S. Monakhov, and Ju Shikhanova. "PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN MODERN AGRICULTURE OF RUSSIA: ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT." AIC: economics, management, no. 4 (2019): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33305/194-14.

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Bulgakov, A., D. Koptilina, and D. Paseka. "ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF IT TECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE ON THE EXAMPLE OF "UAVS"." AIC: economics, management, no. 4 (2019): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33305/194-41.

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Kirsten, J. F., and J. van Zyl. "The economic impact of irrigation agriculture: Methodological aspects and an empirical application." Development Southern Africa 7, no. 2 (May 1990): 209–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768359008439513.

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Wossink, A. "Co-ordinating economic, behavioural and spatial aspects of wildlife preservation in agriculture." European Review of Agriculture Economics 26, no. 4 (December 1, 1999): 443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/26.4.443.

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Silvestrov, P. V. "ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURE." Экономика сельского хозяйства России, no. 12 (December 2019): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32651/1912-16.

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KAIDAROVA, L. K., SH ZH RAKHMETULLINA, and U. KERIMOVA. "ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION." Problems of AgriMarket 4 (December 15, 2020): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46666/2020-4-2708-9991.08.

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The theoretical and practical directions of development of ecological agriculture in the country are justified, based on the idea of closed cycle, which corresponds to ecological and economic principles. The works of domestic and foreign scientists on this issue were studied. The main economic indicators of agricultural production on the example of Pavlodar region were analyzed: dynamics of gross output of agricultural sector; the number of operating agricultural enterprises and peasant (private) farms; distribution of the land fund by land categories. Information on violation of environmental legislation in the field of land resources protection and on the volume of waste in the industry is provided. The problems that hinder the implementation of the main provisions of greening of production activities in agro-industrial complex are identified. Summarizing the arguments of domestic and foreign scientists, the need to develop and implement the mechanism of functioning of agricultural entities is shown, which is based on the use of secondary resources, implementation of which in the future will allow, using comprehensive analysis of the used technologies, to modernize the production capacities of processing enterprises, implementing the principle of minimizing waste, ensuring expansion of the market for environmenttally friendly products. Models of rational production are shown: outsourcing and in sourcing. Measures of public support for the use of environmental innovations, environmental insurance, public-private partnership instruments, strengthening control over compliance with the principles of rational environmental management, economic incentives for agricultural producers are proposed.

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Kaidarova, L. K., SH ZH Rakhmetullina, and U. Kerimova. "ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION." Problems of AgriMarket, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46666/2020-4-2708-9991.08.

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The theoretical and practical directions of development of ecological agriculture in the country are justified, based on the idea of closed cycle, which corresponds to ecological and economic principles. The works of domestic and foreign scientists on this issue were studied. The main economic indicators of agricultural production on the example of Pavlodar region were analyzed: dynamics of gross output of agricultural sector; the number of operating agricultural enterprises and peasant (private) farms; distribution of the land fund by land categories. Information on violation of environmental legislation in the field of land resources protection and on the volume of waste in the industry is provided. The problems that hinder the implementation of the main provisions of greening of production activities in agro-industrial complex are identified. Summarizing the arguments of domestic and foreign scientists, the need to develop and implement the mechanism of functioning of agricultural entities is shown, which is based on the use of secondary resources, implementation of which in the future will allow, using comprehensive analysis of the used technologies, to modernize the production capacities of processing enterprises, implementing the principle of minimizing waste, ensuring expansion of the market for environmenttally friendly products. Models of rational production are shown: outsourcing and in sourcing. Measures of public support for the use of environmental innovations, environmental insurance, public-private partnership instruments, strengthening control over compliance with the principles of rational environmental management, economic incentives for agricultural producers are proposed.

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KOCISZEWSKI, Karol. "Sustainable development of agriculture - theoretical aspects and their implications." Economic and Environmental Studies 18, no. 3 (47) (November 26, 2020): 1119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/ees.2018.47.5.

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The objective is to provide a systematization of concepts connected with sustainable development of agriculture (SDA) as the basis for indication of directions of changes in Polish agriculture. The author applied descriptive and comparative analyses based on a survey of the literature to indicate the differences between the described concepts. Both sustainable agricultural and rural development (SARD) and multifunctional rural development (MRD) could be connected with reduced agricultural production, which would bring positive and negative environmental consequences. The multifunctional agriculture cannot exist without production, so it is more favourable for SD, however it should be based on environmental requirements. Then it is close to sustainable agriculture. Considering these concepts, the author formulated and used his own definition of the SDA and its objectives. The sensitive rule of sustainability with secured critical natural capital is the proper one for agriculture in Poland. Currentl , Polish agriculture is in dual development (industrialisation and sustainable transition). For the SDA, the support for agriculture should be conditioned by compliance with basic environmental standards and by provision of public goods. It depends on properly directed and effectively implemented environmental and economic measures of the CAP.

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Grzegorzewska, Emilia. "Chosen aspects of economic profitability in agricultural companies in the context of global economic crisis." Journal of Intercultural Management 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/joim-2014-0022.

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Abstract Negative consequences of the economic crisis, which began in the United Sates in 2007, affected economies of all countries. The unfavourable economic situation on world markets was also reflected in the financial condition of Polish companies. It also refers to agriculture which plays a significant role in Polish economy. The following paper covers change trends in economic profitability of a group of 10 agricultural companies. Chosen liquidity and profitability ratios have been presented as well as synthetic measure which is at the root of the compilation “Ranking of 300 best agricultural companies”. The presented findings cover the years 2007-2012.

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N Munyawarara and K K Govender. "Re-engineering the Growth and Sustainability of Small to Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Agrarian Sector in Zimbabwe." Restaurant Business 118, no. 10 (October 18, 2019): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/rb.v118i10.9334.

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SMEs in the agrarian sector of some developing nations are performing poorly, and reengineering them is viewed as one of the primary strategies for effective growth and sustainability of the agrarian sector. The contribution and impact of strategies for reengineering the growth of SMEs in the agrarian sector have not been fully explored. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the impact of strategies for reengineering the growth of SMEs and agriculture development in Zimbabwe, during the period 2015-2020. The results from a survey of SMEs in the Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe revealed that the growth of SMEs in the agrarian sector will impact food security, the standard of living of communities, increase employment,economic growth and market share.

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Solaymani, Saeed. "Social and economic aspects of the recent fall in global oil prices." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 13, no. 2 (June 3, 2019): 258–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-06-2017-0006.

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Purpose The global energy market has been facing lower prices of crude oil in recent years. Lower fuel price leads to lower transport cost and cheaper agricultural inputs (such as pesticides and chemical fertilizer), resulting in lower prices of agricultural commodities in the international markets. On the other hand, lower global oil price reduces the oil revenues of oil exporting countries, resulting in a decrease in government expenditures. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impacts of lower global oil and agricultural commodity prices and government expenditure on the entire economy and poverty level of Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach This study used a computable general equilibrium model (CGE) to investigate four simulation scenarios based on the latest Malaysia’s input-output table belonging to 2010. The first scenario is a 30 per cent fall in the export and import prices of agricultural commodity prices, while the second is a 50 per cent decline in the export and import prices of crude oil, and the third combines them. In the fourth scenario, government operating expenditure declines by 4 per cent because of the fall in government’s oil revenues as a result of the decline in global oil prices. Findings The simulation results suggest that lower international oil price decreases real gross domestic product (GDP) and investment in Malaysia and influences positively the output and employment of some agriculture sectors. However, lower agricultural commodity price increases real GDP and investment in the country and negatively influences the output, employment and exports of all agriculture sectors. The decline in government expenditures also increases the output and the employment in the economy, whereas it decreases household consumption. In conclusion, results show that the agriculture sector losses from the current decline in international agricultural commodity prices, while it benefits from lower oil and government expenditure. Originality/value The main contribution of this study is comparing the impacts of recent falls in global oil and agricultural prices on the entire economy and agriculture sector of Malaysia. Investigating the impacts of these issues on the poverty level of Malaysian households is another contribution to the study. Another contribution is analyzing the impact of a reduction in government expenditures because of the decline in global oil price on the economy and welfare of Malaysia. Therefore, this study makes a useful contribution to the small literature of the topic.

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Pavari, Never. "Psychosocial Impacts of Covid 19 Pandemic in Zimbabwe." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 10, no. 3 (September 13, 2020): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v10i3.17687.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has continued to cause socio-economic damages which will take a long time to recover from while there is no vaccine in sight. The impacts are affecting the social well-being of global citizens which triggers the need to investigate the psychosocial effects. In order to achieve and to provide the missing African context, the study was done in Zimbabwe. Due to lockdown restrictions, samples were obtained using online survey and social media platforms. Analysis was done to determine the effects, so far, of the virus on the general economy, psychological and social aspects as well as religious values of the citizens qualitatively and quantitatively. The findings indicated that economic loses were recorded at household, corporate and national levels. Indicators included increases in prices and exchange rate which eroded the buying power of local currency and increased the cost of basic commodities. Economic pressures, Covid-19 trends and restrictions imposed caused psychological damages which included fear, feeling of uncertainty and loss of hope. The study recommended increased awareness and psychological support to help the citizens to overcome mental displeasures. The study has potential to assist policy makers, health practitioners and development partners in developing strategies to eliminate Covid-19 related psychosocial pressures in Zimbabwe and globally.

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Skalnaya, M. M., and Е. А. Gridasova. "Socio-Economic Aspects of Integration of Disabled People in the Agricultural Labor Market." Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises, no. 7 (2020): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2020-0-7-63-67.

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The article presents an analysis of the state of the inclusive labor market in agriculture, reveals potential opportunities for expanding the labor participation of disabled people in the rural economy, and substantiates proposals for creating organizational and economic mechanisms to increase their employment, which is consistent with The State Program for integrated development of rural territories for the period up to 2025. Based on the analysis of the state of the inclusive labor market in the rural economy, the potential opportunities for expanding the labor participation of disabled people in rural areas in order to increase employment and maintain the population in rural areas are revealed. Proposals to improve the efficiency of the inclusive labor market in agriculture and increase the income of the rural population are proposed and justified.

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Колесникова, Елена, Elena Kolesnikova, Татьяна Чекменева, Tatyana Chekmeneva, Ольга Котова, and Olga Kotova. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE CAPACITY FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE RESOURCE REGIONS." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2017, no. 4 (December 25, 2017): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2017-4-35-41.

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Sustainable development of rural areas and the agricultural sector is very important for resource regions, the gross regional product of which is formed by 50% due to extraction and processing of minerals. In order to be able to conduct a competent policy for the development of agriculture in municipal areas, it is necessary to assess the existing potential of rural areas in the municipal districts. The article describes the application of the author’s approach to the assessment of the resource potential for the development of agriculture in the region by the example of the Kemerovo region. It features indicators of the resource potential of rural territories, which determine various aspects of the development of the territory: economic, social and infrastructural. The data of the municipal statistics of the official websites of Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Kemerovo Statistics Agency) are used as a basis for analysis and evaluation. The results of the analysis allow the authors to rank the municipal districts according to the method of rating evaluation based on the proposed indicators. The paper involves some conclusions about the priorities for the development of agriculture in certain municipal areas of the region.

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Silko, E. A., N. M. Sedova, and Elena Nikolaevna Zakharchenko. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF MONITORING OF THE MARKET OF PRODUCTS OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE." Economy, labor, management in agriculture, no. 8 (2018): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33938/188-42.

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Lyson, Thomas A. "Environmental, Economic and Social Aspects of Sustainable Agriculture in American Land Grant Universities." Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 12, no. 2-3 (June 10, 1998): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j064v12n02_09.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Agriculture – Economic aspects – Zimbabwe'

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