Relevant bibliographies by topics / Agriculture – Economic aspectsSoviet Union

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Academic literature on the topic 'Agriculture – Economic aspectsSoviet Union'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Agriculture – Economic aspectsSoviet Union"

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Kiss, Lívia Benita. "Examination of Agricultural Income Inequality in the European Union." Business Ethics and Leadership 4, no. 3 (2020): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/10.21272/bel.4(3).36-45.2020.

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The significant roles of agriculture in the economic development of a country are determinative. It has already made a substantial contribution to the economic prosperity of advanced countries. Its role in the economic development of less developed countries is of vital importance. The share of the population working in agriculture is declining as countries develop. While less than 5% of the population does in rich countries work in agriculture, more than two-thirds of the people in poor countries. It is predominantly the huge productivity increase that makes this reduction in labor possible. The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive picture of the situation of agriculture in the European Union from 2010 to 2019, with a particular focus on agricultural income and labor force developments. The number of employed in agriculture has decreased globally (by almost -14%) and in the European Union (by nearly -19%). The added value of agriculture has grown at a similar rate worldwide (by almost +22%) and in the European Union (by almost +23%). Indicators of agricultural income showed indicator A an increase of 25.56%, indicator B 39.11% and index C 20.39% in 2017 compared to 2010. In 2019 the gross value added in agriculture was the most significant in Germany, Spain, France, and Italy. Together, the four countries accounted for 42% gross value added in agriculture of EU-28. Indicator A, B and C of agricultural income showed in 2019 the most significant positive change in Bulgaria, in Denmark and Romania. Employment in agriculture was the highest in Poland and Romania in 2019. Several reasons can explain the differences in the development of agricultural performance in each European Union country. These reasons can be grouped. On the one hand, the location varies from country to country. Due to their different locations, their climatic, natural and ecological conditions are different. Another important difference is the size of the states. On the other hand, the structure and organization of society are different. Thirdly, the economic situation and status of each country are different. Keywords: Agriculture, Labor, Income, Inequality, European Union.
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Spitsina, Kseniya A., and Anastasiya A. Shikunova. "Agriculture of the Australian Union: Challenges, Responses, Tasks Ahead." South East Asia: Actual problems of Development, no. 2(51) (2021): 254–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2021-2-2-51-254-267.

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The article analyses the current state of agriculture industry in the Australian Union. It examines the impact of miscellaneous factors, such as natural disasters, climate conditions, the economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, the establishment of regional free trade regimes, as well as the degree of their implementation. The paper reveals the specificity of the entry of Australian agriculture products into the markets of China, South Korea and Japan along with the development of agriculture in Australia and the efforts made by the Australian government and business community to overcome the troubles the industry suffered from in 2018-2020. In the authors’ opinion, the growing tensions in trade and economic relations between the Australian Union and the PRC affect the overall situation of Australian agriculture. In its turn, this incentivizes Canberra to explore new sources of agriculture product sales and expand cooperation with other partners.
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Wysokiński, Marcin, Joanna Domagała, Arkadiusz Gromada, Magdalena Golonko, and Paulina Trębska. "Economic and energy efficiency of agriculture." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 66, No. 8 (August 24, 2020): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/170/2020-agricecon.

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Article concerns economic and energy efficiency of agriculture in European Union countries. The study period concerned 2016. For analysis and presentation of materials, descriptive, tabular and graphic methods and the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method – CCR (Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes) model focused on input-oriented minimisation were used. An assessment of the socio-economic development of the EU countries was made using the following measures: Human Development Index (HDI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita (USD per inhabitant). Modern agriculture depends on industrial energy sources and as the socio-economic development changes into more and more energy-intensive production technologies. After presenting the introduction and review of the literature, the economic and energy efficiency of agriculture in the EU countries in 2016 was examined, which was at a high level – the DEA reached 0.67. Then, the correlation between the socio-economic development of countries and their economic and energy efficiency was analysed. It was also found that along with socio-economic development in the EU countries, the economic and energy efficiency of agriculture is increasing.
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Wysokiński, Marcin, Paulina Trębska, and Arkadiusz Gromada. "POLISH AGRICULTURE ENERGY INTENSITY WITH OTHER ECONOMIC SECTORS." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XIX, no. 4 (October 10, 2017): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5193.

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The aim of this article is to assess the energy intensity of Polish agriculture with other sectors of the economy. The article also assesses the share of agriculture in final energy consumption in the European Union countries. The article uses secondary data from the Central Statistical Office and EUROSTAT. The energy intensity of agriculture in Poland is decreasing and will continue to decline as changes in the agrarian structure and intensification of production in family-owned commodities grow. Comparing the energy intensity of the economy in EU member countries, it is much higher in newly-admitted countries than in EU-15 countries.
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Wysokiński, Marcin, Magdalena Golonko, Paulina Trębska, Arkadiusz Gromada, and Qi Jun Jiang. "ECONOMIC AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURE IN POLAND COMPARED TO OTHER EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 19, no. 2 (June 26, 2020): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2020.19.2.22.

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Modern agriculture is dependent on external energy sources. Non-renewable energy sources play a dominant role, which contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and, as a consequence, to environmental degradation. Therefore, it becomes obvious to strive to improve energy efficiency and change the structure of its sources. One of the main research goals was to determine the economic and energy efficiency of agriculture in EU countries and assess its energy consumption by analysing energy consumption per employee or 1 ha of utilized agricultural area. The work analyses changes in energy consumption in agriculture of the European Union and its members. Eurostat data was used for the analysis.
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Staniszewski, Jakub, and Andrzej Czyżewski. "INTERDEPENDENCE OF ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY IN AGRICULTURE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 17, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2018.17.4.63.

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The aim of the study was to identify the most important determinants of economic and environmental efficiency of agricultural production in the EU countries in 2005, 2007, 2010 and 2013, with particular emphasis on structural conditions. The paper presents the results of modelling with the use of Eurostat data and methods of data envelopment analysis (DEA) and panel regression. In the case of economic efficiency, the importance of production concentration, understood as economic strength of farms, associated with an even distribution of production, was identified. In the case of eco-efficiency, its limiting factor turned out to be specialisation towards animal production. These results allow us to conclude that it is possible to achieve economic and environmental objectives at the same time, as none of the identified determinants was repeated in both models with the opposite sign. The results of the research are also a premise for the implementation of an active structural policy under the CAP after 2020.
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Valkó, Gábor, Mária Fekete-Farkas, and Ildikó Kovács. "Indicators for the economic dimension of sustainable agriculture in the European Union." Regional Statistics 7, no. 1 (2017): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15196/rs07110.

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Morkovkin, Dmitry, Iryna Hutarava, Elizaveta Ogloblina, Arthur Gibadullin, and Svetlana Kharchenko. "Assessment of the innovative potential of agriculture of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union." E3S Web of Conferences 176 (2020): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017605002.

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The study is devoted to assessing the innovative potential of agriculture of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union. As part of the work, it was revealed that the Member States of the Union were united in order to ensure sustainable development in the current and strategic perspective. The analyzed agricultural indicators led to the conclusion that the Russian Federation is the absolute leader in terms of gross output and distribution of agricultural products, the Republic of Kazakhstan occupies the second place, and the Republic of Belarus in third place. At the same time, the specific indicator reflecting the collection and production of agricultural products per capita, which indicates the innovative development of agriculture, was analyzed in the work, as a result, it was revealed that the Russian Federation ranks last in terms of certain indicators. In this connection, mechanisms were proposed in the work aimed at increasing the innovative development of agriculture in the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union.
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Blaas, G. "Slovak agriculture heading for the EU membership." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 49, No. 3 (February 29, 2012): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5275-agricecon.

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The paper analyses the economic and policy gap between the agriculture in Slovakia and the EU member states from the perspective of the future accession of this country to the Union. As it concludes, the deterioration of terms of trade during the transition period creates also problems for the accession negotiations, because this fact seems to legitimate the equitable implementation of the CAP in all member countries after the East-enlargement of the Union. The paper is arguing, on the basis of income simulation, that that the Commission proposal on reduced direct payments for the newly admitted countries would, in case of Slovakia, generate an improvement of the sectoral income only if they are topped by rural development measures.
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Jaroszewska, Joanna, and Robert Pietrzykowski. "Convergence of the Labour Productivity in European Union Agriculture." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 17(32), no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2017.17.4.88.

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The objective of the paper is to examine the changes in the level of diversification of the labour productivity in the European Union countries in the years 1998-2015, and then to determine whether there is any convergence of the labour productivity among these countries. The labour productivity has been calculated as a relation of the gross value added at constant prices per one full-time employee. The study used the Economic Accounts for Agriculture (EAA) and the Agricultural Labour Input (ALI). The study covered the European Union countries, broken down by the countries of the „old” EU (EU-15) and the countries admitted to the EU after 2004. In order to determine the changes occurring in these countries, sigma-convergence (σ) and beta-convergence (β) have been used. The study shows that after 2011 there was a process of convergence among the EU countries in terms of the labour productivity in agriculture.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agriculture – Economic aspectsSoviet Union"

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Huang, Zhi Feng. "Study of European Union Common Agricultural Policy : France agricultural policy anaysis." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2555543.

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Girard, Françoise. "Labour incentive problems in Soviet agriculture : the small autonomous work group in the socialized and private sectors." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61854.

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Wang, Yan Chao. "EU's agricultural support policy and its revelation on China's agricultural policy." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2555588.

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Bauer, Kai. "EU Enlargement: perspectives for agriculture and rural areas in major accession countries : an economic analysis based on the i-sim modelling system /." Berlin : dissertation.de, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/482759569.pdf.

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Akdere, Özlem. "Analyse du surcroît de la population agricole en Pologne et en Turquie : une étude comparative." Thesis, Artois, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ARTO0102.

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La Pologne et la Turquie témoignent depuis plusieurs années d’une transition économique semblable à travers une forte croissance du PIB, une augmentation des exportations et surtout une hausse des flux internationaux de capitaux. Malgré la transformation économique, le secteur agricole demeure encore une activité importante dans leur économie respective. Comparée aux autres pays européens, le décalage important entre la contribution de l’agriculture au PIB et le nombre des personnes employées révèle une très faible productivité de la main-d’œuvre. L’agriculture représente une source principale d’emploi notamment dans la zone rurale. En dépit de la diminution constante de l’emploi agricole de ces dernières années, il existe une surpopulation dans le secteur et un problème du chômage déguisé. La Pologne, membre de l’Union européenne (UE) depuis mai 2004, a bénéficié fortement des fonds structurels afin d’améliorer et de moderniser son agriculture. Quant à la Turquie, pays candidat à l’UE depuis octobre 2005, elle tente d’adapter son agriculture à la politique agricole commune (PAC). Notre recherche est essentiellement basée sur une étude comparative des pays présentant de nombreuses similitudes mais aussi de réelles divergences quant au niveau de leur structure agraire. À travers des réformes mises en vigueur pendant et après la période d’adhésion en Pologne, on cherche à répondre à la question si les réformes appliquées en Pologne sont ou non transposables au cas de la Turquie
Poland and Turkey have been demonstrating for several years now a similar economic transition through a strong growth of GDP, a boost in exports and especially an increase in the flow of international capitals. Despite the economic transformation, the agricultural sector remains an important activity in their respective economies. Compared to other European countries, the large gap between the contribution of agriculture to GDP and the number of employees shows a very low productivity of labor. Agriculture is a main source of employment especially in the rural areas. Despite the steady decline in agricultural employment in recent years, the field is overpopulated and the hidden unemployment problem is conceals. Poland, a member of the European Union (EU) since May 2004, has greatly benefited from the Structural Funds to improve and modernize its agriculture. As for Turkey, an EU candidate since October 2005, it tries to adapt its agriculture to the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Our research is mainly based on a comparative study of countries with many similarities but also real differences in the level of their agrarian structure. With the help of reforms that came into effect during and after the period of accession of Poland to the EU, we will try to find whether the reforms implemented in Poland are transferable or not to the case of Turkey
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Corbett, Johannes Kruger. "The EU-SA free trade agreement : implications for selected agricultural products." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51976.

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Thesis (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: As the Trade Development and Co-operation Agreement (TDCA) creates competitive challenges and opportunities, labour and capital will seek the highest returns, dri ving out less efficient performances while bolstering more efficient enterprises and industries. This dynamic process of adjustments will continue throughout the implementation of this agreement. The South African government sees the agreement with the European Union as a step towards restructuring the country's economy and making it part of the rapidly changing world economy. This policy view of the South African government will result in those sectors of the economy that are not internationally competitive, receiving no support from government. Consequently these sectors will decrease in time. Of the three agricultural profiles studied, fresh fruit (deciduous fruit) will benefit the most from the TDCA. The most obvious effect the agreement will have on the sector is the saving on customs duties payable on exports to the EU. An estimate on 1997 trade figures revealed that in the short term the deciduous fruit industry will save approximately RI00 million. Over the implementation period of 10 years, the industry will save about Rl billion. After that, savings amounting to approximately R125 million per annum should be possible. The canned fruit sector is an export-driven industry that exports about 90 per cent of its products, 50 per cent of which is exported to the EU. The export tariffs to the EU are very high. As non-EU member, South Africa is the biggest provider of canned fruit to the EU. Some analyses revealed that the total savings in tariffs for the first year of implementation will be R25 million. The industry stands to save approximately R100 million over the implementation period. At the EU's request, South Africa agreed to negotiate a separate Wine and Spirits Agreement. The EU believes that South Africa's continued use of certain "geographical indications" or terms is in breach of Article 23 of the Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) agreement. The quotas granted by the EU on wine and sparkling wine cover 79 per cent of South African exports to the EU. South Africa granted the EU a 0.26 million litre quota for sparkling wine and a 1 million-litre quota for bottled wine. SA will phase out the use of the terms "port", "sherry", "grappa", ouzo", "korn" , "jagertee" and "pacharan" over agreed time periods. The issue will be taken to the WTO for a ruling in this regard. The EU has agreed to grant SA a duty-free tariff quota for wine but has suspended the tariff quota until the Wine and Spirits agreement has been signed. The EU will also provide financial assistance of 15 million ECU to help restructure the SA wine and spirits sector. The South African agricultural industry should take note of the constantly changing international marketing environment. The Free Trade Agreement (FTA) signed with the European Union opens up new markets and enhances existing ones that must be exploited. It is imperative that every role player should evaluate the level of competitiveness of his or her enterprise. Thus the message is very clear: Agricultural production with an international trading view is the only sustainable road to follow.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Soos die Handel, Ontwikkelings en Samewerkingsooreenkoms kompeterende geleenthede en uitdagings skep, sal arbeid en kapitaal verskuif na die hoogste opbrengste beskikbaar. In hierdie proses sal daar wegbeweeg word van onvoldoende prestasies en sal effektiewe ondememings en industriee floreer. Hierdie dinarniese proses van herstruktuering sal voortduur regdeur die implementeringsperiode van hierdie handelsooreenkoms. Die Suid Afrikaanse regering beskou die ooreenkoms met die Europese Unie as 'n belangrike stap in die proses om die land se ekonomie te herstrukltureer en so deel te maak van die vinnig veranderende wereld ekonomie. Hierdie regerings beleid sal daartoe lei dat sektore wat nie intemasionaal mededingend is nie, geen ondersteuning vanaf die regering sal ontvang nie. Met tyd sal hierdie sektore verdwyn. Van die drie landbousektore wat bestudeer is, sal vars vrugte (sagte vrugte) die meeste voordeel trek uit die ooreenkoms. Die besparing van aksynsbelasting op die uitvoere na die Europese Unie is die mees kenmerkendste voordeel vir die sektor. 'n Beraming gebaseer op 1997 handels syfers toon 'n jaarlikse besparing van plus minus R100 miljoen. Deur die hele implementeringsperiode, sal die besparing plus minus Rl biljoen beloop. Na afloop van die implementeringsperiode, sal jaarlikse besparing van plus minus R125 miljoen moontlik wees. Die inmaak vrugte sektor is 'n uitvoer gedrewe industrie wat gemiddeld 90 persent van hul prod uk uitvoer. Van hierdie uitvoere is 50 persent bestem vir die Europese Unie. Die uitvoertariewe na die Europese Unie is baie hoog. As nie-lidland, is Suid Afrika die grootste verskaffer van geblikte vrugte aan die Europese Unie. Beramings voorsien dat die sektor 'n totale besparing vir die eerste jaar van implemetering van plus minus R25 miljoen kan beloop. Die industrie kan soveel as R100 rniljoen oor die implementeringsperiode bespaar. Op die Europese Unie se versoek, het Suid Afrika ingestem om 'n afsonderlike Wyn en Spiritualie ooreenkoms te onderhandel. Die Europese Unie beweer dat Suid Afrika se gebruik van sekere "geografiese aanduidings" of terme, In verbreking is van Artikel 23 van die Handelsverwante Aspekte van die Intellektuele Eiendomsregte Ooreenkoms. Wyn en vonkelwyn kwotas wat deur die Europese Unie aan Suid Afrika toegestaan is, beloop 79 persent van die uitvoere na die Europese Unie. Suid Afrika het die Europese Unie In kwota van 0.26 miljoen liter vir vonkelwyn en 1 miljoen kwota vir gebottelde wyn toegestaan. Voorts sal Suid Afrika die terme "port", "sherry", "grappa", "ouzo", "kom" , "jagertee" and "pacharan" met die ooreengekome peri odes uitfaseer. Die aspek sal egter na die WHO geneem word vir In finale beslissing. Die Europese Unie het ooreengekom om aan Suid Afrika In tarief vrye kwota vir wyn toe te staan, maar het dit opgehef tot tyd en wyl die Wyn en Spiritualie ooreenkoms onderteken is. Die Europese Unie sal ook finansiele ondersteuning van 15 miljoen ECU skenk om die Suid Afrikaanse Wyn en Spiritualiee industrie te help hestruktureer. Suid Afrikaanse Landbou sal notisie moet neem van die konstante verandering in die intemasionale bemarkingsomgewing. Die Vrye Handelsooreenkoms wat geteken is met die Europese Unie, open nuwe markte en sal bestaande markte bevorder. Hierdie geleenthede moet benut word. Dit is baie belangrik dat elke rolspeler sy vlak van kompeterende vermoe moet evalueer, om so sy eie siening oor die ooreenkoms te kan uitspreek. Hieruit is die boodskap dus baie duidelik: Landbou produksie met In intemasionale handels uitkyk, is die enigste volhoubare pad om te volg.
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Isbasoiu, Ancuta. "Analyse multicritère des politiques publiques environnementales dans l'Union Européenne." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLA019/document.

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L'Union Européenne a un programme ambitieux pour faire face aux effets du changement climatique, les institutions européennes devant désormais prendre en compte l'environnement dans le cadre de ses politiques. L'objectif de ma thèse consiste à évaluer les impacts des politiques publiques européennes sur l'agriculture et l’environnement, de mesurer leurs effets croisés et d'évaluer l'intérêt d'une meilleure coordination de ces politiques. La thèse vise à enrichir l'analyse économique sur des problématiques importantes recentrées sur la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) agricoles dans l'UE et le niveau de la production agricole, sous un angle quantitatif. La méthodologie repose sur un modèle de programmation mathématique qui simule l’offre agricole européenne (AROPAj), utilisant les données du Réseau d'Information Comptable Agricole. L'analyse est réalisée à plusieurs niveaux, européen, national, régional et infra-régional, tenant compte de la variabilité du contexte économique qui caractérise l'agriculture européenne sur les six années 2007-2012. Nous évaluons tout d'abord comment l'agriculture peut contribuer à l'atténuation des émissions de GES dans l'UE et nous offrons une analyse détaillée des courbes de coûts marginaux d'abattement. Les résultats indiquent qu’en moyenne, sur la période 2007-2012, l’agriculture européenne peut réduire ses émissions d’environ 10%, 20% et 30% respectivement, pour les prix des émissions de 38, 112.5 et 205 Euros/tCO2eq. Nous montrons que l’agriculture peut offrir une atténuation substantielle et que le potentiel et les coûts d’atténuation varient substantiellement dans le temps et dans l’espace. La deuxième problématique étudiée porte sur la compatibilité entre l’augmentation de la production agricole et la diminution de l’impact de l’agriculture sur l’environnement. En introduisant une approche primale (via un prix du carbone) et une approche duale (via un objectif calorique), nous montrons qu’on peut réduire les émissions de GES et modifier l’offre agricole tout en augmentant la quantité en calories alimentaires. On étend la problématique des émissions de GES, en dissociant les prix des deux gaz (CH4 et N2O). Un système de prix différenciés permet de mieux adapter la politique de régulation climatique en fonction de l'horizon de temps sur lequel on se projette, offrant une flexibilité dans la réduction des coûts d’abattement des émissions
The European Union has an ambitious agenda to deal with the effects of climate change, the European institutions must now take environment into account within the framework of its policies. The objective of my thesis is to evaluate the impacts of European public policies on agriculture and environment, to measure their crossed effects and to assess the potential for a better coordination of these policies. The thesis aims to enrich the economic analysis on important issues refocused on the reduction of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in the EU and the level of agricultural production, from a quantitative perspective. The methodology is based on a mathematical programming model that simulates the European agricultural supply (AROPAj), using data from the Farm Accountancy Data Network. The analysis is carried out at several levels, European, national, regional and sub-regional, taking into account the variability of the economic context that characterizes the European agriculture over the six years 2007-2012. We first assess how agriculture may contribute to the mitigation of EU GHG emissions and provide a detailed analysis of marginal abatement cost curves. The results show that, on average, over the period 2007-2012, EU agriculture may reduce its emissions by around 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively for emission prices of 38, 112.5 and 205 EUR/tCO2eq. We show that agriculture may offer substantial mitigation and that mitigation costs and potential vary in time and in space. The second issue studied concerns the compatibility between the increase in agricultural production and the reduction of the impact of agriculture on the environment. By introducing a primal approach (via a carbon price) and a dual approach (via a calorie target), we show that we can reduce GHG emissions and change agricultural supply while increasing the quantity of food calories. We extend the issue of GHG emissions by separating the prices of the two gases (CH4 et N2O). A differentiated price system allows to better adapt the climate regulation policy according to the time horizon on which we are projected, offering flexibility in reducing the emission abatement costs
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"Aspekte van die problematiek van landbou in die U.S.S.R., 1953-1982." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14470.

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Bertow, Kerstin [Verfasser]. "Trade policy between European Union and African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) countries : agriculture in the negotiations on economic partnership agreements in Southern Africa / vorgelegt von Kerstin Bertow." 2009. http://d-nb.info/997130369/34.

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Books on the topic "Agriculture – Economic aspectsSoviet Union"

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Hedlund, Stefan. Private agriculture in the Soviet Union. London: Routledge, 1989.

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Kwieciński, Andrzej. Prospects for Poland's agriculture integration with the European Union. Warsaw: Polish Policy Research Group, Warsaw University, 1994.

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Szmedra, Philip I. Agriculture and the environment in the European Union. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1994.

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Szmedra, Philip I. Agriculture and the environment in the European Union. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1994.

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Nancy, Cochrane. Agricultural statistics of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, 1965-85. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1989.

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Harvest of dissent: The National Farmers Union and the early cold war. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1998.

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Soviet agriculture. New York: Norton, 1987.

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Sapounas, Giōrgos S. Hē Hellēnikē geōrgia stē metapolemikē periodo: Epiptōseis apo tēn entaxē stēn Eurōpaikē Henōsē kai didagmata gia to mellon. Athēna: Agrotikē Trapeza tēs Hellados, Dieuthynsē Meletōn kai Programmatismou, 1996.

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Czyżewski, Andrzej. Rolnictwo Unii Europejskiej i Polski: Studium porównawcze struktur wytwórczych i regulatorów rynków rolnych. Poznań: Akademia Ekonomiczna w Poznaniu, 2004.

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Gidadhubli, R. G. Soviet agriculture: Development and issues. New Delhi: Patriot Publishers, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Agriculture – Economic aspectsSoviet Union"

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Buonanno, Laurie, and Neill Nugent. "Building a Socio-economic Union: Agriculture, Cohesion, Environment and Growth Policies." In Policies and Policy Processes of the European Union, 167–90. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-30527-5_10.

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Wheatcroft, S. G., and R. W. Davies. "Agriculture." In The Economic Transformation of the Soviet Union, 1913–1945, 106–30. Cambridge University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139170680.008.

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Rizojewa-Silava, Aleksandra, Irina Pilvere, and Sandija Zeverte-Rivza. "AGRICULTURE MODELLING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION." In Economic Sciences for Agribusiness and Rural Economy, 45–50. Warsaw University of Life Sciences Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/esare.2018.2.4.

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Guzman, Gloria, and Antonio Alonso. "The European Union Key Roles for Institutional Support and Economic Factors." In The Conversion to Sustainable Agriculture. CRC Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420003598-c11.

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"The role of the party in agriculture." In The Politics of Economic Stagnation in the Soviet Union, 142–63. Cambridge University Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511559297.010.

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Hussey, Karen, and Carl Tidemann. "Agriculture in the Australia–EU economic and trade relationship." In Australia, the European Union and the New Trade Agenda. ANU Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/aeunta.06.2017.06.

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Gioti-Papadaki, Olga, Christos Ladias, and Stilianos Alexiadis. "Examining the Evolution of Agriculture Productivity in the European Union." In Handbook of Research on Policies and Practices for Sustainable Economic Growth and Regional Development, 240–45. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2458-8.ch022.

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This chapter examines agricultural productivity across 12 Member-States of the European Union. Time series techniques are employed. The results suggest that there is no uniform pattern across all EU countries. Few Member-States, nevertheless, follow a common evolution path.
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Quendler, Erika, Christina Mayer, and Karl Michael Ortner. "Economic Transformation of Austrian Agriculture Since EU Accession." In Environmental and Agricultural Informatics, 875–905. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9621-9.ch039.

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After joining the European Union (EU) in 1995 Austria adopted the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). This chapter reviews the changes in agricultural production and the economic situation of agriculture since the accession to the EU. The analysis is primarily based on macro-economic data from the Economic Accounts for Agriculture (EAA) over the period between 1995 and 2014. Select examples identify the developments applicable for Austria – also in comparison to other EU countries and groups of countries as well as to Switzerland. Expectations and forecasts regarding the consequences of integration, e.g. changes in the price levels, have been more or less fulfilled but there is a need for further research on the development of regions and on special issues such as the resilience of Austrian agriculture.
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Quendler, Erika, Christina Mayer, and Karl Michael Ortner. "Economic Transformation of Austrian Agriculture since EU Accession." In Global Perspectives on Trade Integration and Economies in Transition, 299–329. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0451-1.ch015.

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After joining the European Union (EU) in 1995 Austria adopted the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). This chapter reviews the changes in agricultural production and the economic situation of agriculture since the accession to the EU. The analysis is primarily based on macro-economic data from the Economic Accounts for Agriculture (EAA) over the period between 1995 and 2014. Select examples identify the developments applicable for Austria – also in comparison to other EU countries and groups of countries as well as to Switzerland. Expectations and forecasts regarding the consequences of integration, e.g. changes in the price levels, have been more or less fulfilled but there is a need for further research on the development of regions and on special issues such as the resilience of Austrian agriculture.
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Demirkol, Esin Candan. "Historical Development and Restructuring of CAP Towards a Sustainable Agriculture." In Handbook of Research on Social and Economic Development in the European Union, 231–41. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1188-6.ch014.

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This chapter addresses the changes through the years in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), one of the oldest and most established policies of the European Union, within the framework of the sustainability and environment, and evaluates the impacts of this change within the Turkish agricultural policies. The chapter has three sections. The introduction offers a background knowledge about CAP. In the second section, the reform progress of the CAP is examined through the years. The third section compares economic data on agriculture in Turkey and the EU. Results of the chapter highlight restructuring of CAP towards policies towards sustainability.
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Conference papers on the topic "Agriculture – Economic aspectsSoviet Union"

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Wasniewska, Anetta, and Hanna Kruk. "Changes in Polish agriculture after the accession to the European Union." In 19th International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2018". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2018.059.

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Pirimbaev, Jusup, Dzhumabek Dzhailov, and Umet Momunov. "Economic Growth and Development Prospects of Agricultural Economics in Kyrgyzstan in Condition of Economic Integration." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01708.

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The evaluation of the current state of development of agrarian sector of the national economy and its competitiveness. Conceptual foundations of growth and development of the agricultural sector in the context of deepening integration. The recommendations for the strategic development of the sector in the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union. Particular attention is paid to the problems of reformatting the agricultural production structure, improve the regional and zonal specialization of agricultural production and the balanced development of agriculture. The directions of development of cooperation, integration links in a format forming a single food market. The mechanisms to improve the management system of competitive development of the agrarian economy of Kyrgyzstan.
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Kruzmetra, Zenija, Kristine Cinglere, and Dina Bite. "Prerequisites for Promoting Innovation Projects in the Agricultural Sector." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.031.

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According to the European Innovation Partnership for Agricultural productivity and Sustainability (EIP-AGRI) that started 2012, the Europe 2020 Flagship Initiative "Innovation Union" specifies European Innovation Partnerships (EIP) as a new tool for speeding up innovation through linking existing policies and instruments. Based on the report “Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Latvia” prepared by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 2019, it analyses innovations in agriculture in order to promote further development of the sector. The agricultural sector has progressed more slowly than the economic sector and slightly more needs to be invested in order to ensure a well-functioning innovation system and a policy environment that would increase agricultural productivity and improve sustainability. The aim of paper is to reveal what prerequisites are necessary to promote the development of innovation projects in agricultural sector. The research based on analysis of documents exploring the views of European Innovation Partnership project managers on how the innovation process in European Innovation Partnership projects has taken place and what are the main preconditions for promoting the development of innovation projects, as well as observation and semi-structured interview, in turn, exploring, which can contribute to the development of innovation projects. As a result of the research, 8 preconditions for the promoting development of innovation projects in agriculture were identified. The results of the research can have a significant impact on the development of innovation, identifying weaknesses, problems that need more attention and take specific activities to improve the current situation.
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KONIECZNA, Jadwiga, and Dariusz KONIECZNY. "CAUSES OF SPATIAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN RURAL AREAS IN POLAND." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.127.

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Rural areas, defined as land outside towns, except industrial areas, account for over 93% of the area of Poland. They are attractive as a places of work, residence, leisure, as well as places where agricultural and non-agricultural business activities can be conducted. Agriculture is naturally associated with rural areas. Currently, apart from the agricultural function and (depending on the socioeconomic, natural or historical conditions) rural areas are also places of leisure, recreation, residence or industrial activities. This is a consequence of implementation of the concept of multi-functional development of rural areas, in which conditions are created for diverse business activities, while respecting environmental constraints. Such a multifunctional approach must take into account the interests of all parties to avoid spatial conflicts. Therefore, actions aimed at the development of rural areas should be based on an in-depth analysis of the value of the area under consideration, they should take into account natural conditions (soil, climate, terrain) of the land for conducting agricultural activities, but also take into account environmental, social and economic aspects. Objective and historical conditions affecting agriculture in Poland and the experience gained so far indicate that there is a need to change the spatial arrangement of agricultural areas. This is because of the characteristic features of agriculture in Poland, which include a disadvantageous structure of farms in terms of their area, small size of farms, insufficient technical infrastructure in villages and difficult soil conditions. Rural areas in Poland, including agriculture, are undergoing deep structural changes in regard to agricultural production, but also to farm size and layout, demographic and spatial structures as well as technical and social infrastructure. The changes taking place in rural areas in Poland are greatly affected by the Common Agricultural Policy in the European Union. As a member of the EU, Poland has been receiving aid since 2004 and has been implementing actions within Rural Development Programmes. The aim of this paper is to analyse the transformations that have been taking place in rural areas in Poland and to present selected factors and causes of the changes in rural spaces.
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MAMAI, Oksana, and Igor MAMAI. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE MANAGEMENT MECHANISM FOR THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION’S AGRICULTURAL SECTOR." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.054.

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The current trends in the development of innovative activities in Russia are far from fully meeting the expectations associated with improving the competitiveness of products and the quality of life of the population, with the provision of dynamic sustainable growth, and the formation of the innovative economy. The mixed nature of the Russian economy, the fundamentally different technological level and institutional conditions for the development of various sectors exclude the possibility of defining a single model of innovative development that is universal for all sectors. In the current conditions, the technical and technological level of the agrarian sector of the country's economy is the most catastrophically lagging behind the world's leading producers of agricultural products. Domestic agrarian production is 5 times more energy intensive and 4 times more metal consuming, and labor productivity is 8-10 times lower than in the USA, in the leading countries of the European Union and Canada. Not having eliminated this techno-technological backlog, without implementing the advanced development of certain specific areas of scientific research and technological developments in the field of agriculture, Russia's agrarian sector will finally lose its competitiveness and will not be able to ensure the country's food security. Thus, the need for a scientific justification of the theory, methodology and practice of the innovative development management of the agrarian sector of the regional economy in the context of large-scale economic and institutional transformations determines the urgency of the issue. Currently, most of the works of domestic researchers put emphasis on the problems of knowledge transfer, at the same time, the methodology for creating and commercializing competitive scientific knowledge through the formation of innovative agricultural clusters is beyond the scope of scientific research, and its management and economic mechanism has not been developed yet. Thus, the aim of this research is to develop proposals for optimization of the management mechanism for the innovative development of the region's agricultural sector (by the example of the Samara Region of the Russian Federation). The research used a set of methods of scientific knowledge used at both theoretical and empirical levels (conceptual modeling, synthesis and analysis, tabular and graphical interpretation of theoretical information and empirical data).
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Ciconkov, Risto. "Climate Change and HVACR Systems." In 50th International HVAC&R Congress and Exhibition. SMEITS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24094/kghk.019.50.1.245.

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Indicators at a global level are presented: population in the world today and forecasts for developed and developing countries. The following diagrams are presented: world total primary energy consumption, global CO2 emissions from combustion since 1971, as well as cumulative CO2 emissions by regions since 1750. Facts for climate change are included (according to WMO and IPCC): increase in GHG concentrations, increase in air temperature, rise in sea level, etc. The consequences of global warming are listed: extreme rainfall and floods; high temperatures – heat waves, droughts, wildfires; huge damage to agriculture; harmful impacts on the environment, etc. The IPCC provides several scenarios for a global rise of air temperature up to 2100, for a global rise of sea level etc. The activities of the international community on climate change are organized through: IPCC, UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement and continuous negotiations. The European Union (EU) is probably the most advanced in the battle against climate change. Some important strategies are outlined: by 2020, by 2030, and by 2050. Heating, air-conditioning and refrigeration systems (HVACR) are connected with energy consumption, which means they are a source of GHG emissions. The situation with HVACR systems is such that even in EU countries, the fossil fuels are dominant in the heating systems. Future solutions for HVACR systems are described. The first step is to increase the energy efficiency of buildings and HVACR equipment. The concept of "nearly zero-energy buildings" should be worked on. HVACR systems should be based on renewable energy sources (RES). The considered solutions include heat pumps, solar panels, thermal storage, district heating, combined heat and power, condensing boilers, reversible air conditioners, the concept of "smart" buildings, automation of HVACR systems with digital technology, etc. The political, economic and social aspects of climate change are analyzed. Capitalism society, market economy, profit, is the main reason for today's climate change situation. On the end, there is a discussion highlighting the need for urgent and major investment in RES and energy efficiency. For rich countries, this is really achievable. But developing countries, representing 83% of the world's population, need financial assistance, and this needs to be regulated through the Paris Agreement. Obstacles of a political nature are also possible (US and Paris Agreement).
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