Journal articles: 'Agriculture Kenya'

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Kathula, Domeniter Naomi. "Factors Impacting Agricultural Production and the Role of Agricultural Extension Services in Kenya." Journal of Agriculture 7, no. 1 (January 17, 2023): 22–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t4115.

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Productivity in agricultural is also important for spurring economic growth in other sectors. Farmers live in remote rural areas and make up 75% of the world’s poor. In Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA), productivity in agriculture lags behind globally, and is below the required standards of achieving food security, poverty goals and food sufficiency. As an important sector in the Kenyan economy, agriculture continues to dominate other sectors despite its declining contribution to real GDP. The development in agriculture is that one which revolutionizes the industry by bringing forth profitable agriculture and environment friendly solutions. Kenya government through the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, have in the past tried to pass information to the farmers via agricultural extension officers. However, the quality of the information disseminated to the farmers has not been up to date, information delivery has not been good, the mode of communication also questionable owing to literacy levels of our farmers and indeed that of the extension officers, information technology has not been embraced fully making it difficult for our farmers to progress with their counterparts in other parts of the world. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the factors impacting agricultural production and the role of agricultural extension services in Kenya. This study is anchored on Diffusion of Innovations Theory. The study employed a mixed design involving a combination of both quantitative and qualitative approach. And the target population was made up of farmers, officers from the ministry of agriculture and officers from agricultural extension service providers. Data was gathered using both structured questionnaire and interview guides. The collected data was analysed with the aid of SPSS software using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed a coefficient of determination (R squared) of 0.319 implying that agricultural extension services explains 31.9 % of the variation in agricultural production in Kenya. The study also showed a positive and statistically significant relationship between agricultural extension services and agricultural production in Kenya (β=1.561, p=.003<.05). The study concludes that agricultural extension services play a significant role in improving agricultural production in Kenya because agricultural extension services offers technical advice on agriculture to farmers. It is thus recommended that agricultural extension service delivery should be boosted through timely recruitment, periodic training of agents and provision of adequate logistics to the farmers. Keywords: Agricultural extension services, agricultural factors, agricultural production, farmers in Kenya

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KASHINDI, George. "Local agricultural production in Kenya: legal framework, obstacles and challenges." KAS African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d’Etudes Juridiques 7, no. 4 (2020): 581–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6262-2020-4-581.

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Agriculture sector in Kenya is the fundamental part of the economy contributing 25 percent of the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and another 27 percent indirectly.1 The sector employs over 40 percent of the total population and over 70 percent of the rural people. In Kenya, the agricultural sector is large and complex, with a multitude of public corporations, non-governmental and private actors. It accounts for 65 percent of the export earnings and provides livelihood (employment, income, and food security needs) for more than 80 percent of the Kenyan population.2 As with any system the agricultural sector in Kenya is governed by extensive regulatory framework that provides guidance to the whole system. These include policies, laws and regulations. The sector is regulated broadly by the Constitution of Kenya as well as regional and international instruments. The biggest challenge, however, is how effectively these regulatory instruments are implemented.3 The good performance the agricultural sector ensures good performance of the entire economy. Therefore the policy and institutional frameworks governing the agricultural sector play a vital role for the development of the whole economy.4 As a result, since 2003, there been much activity in an attempt to revitalize Kenyan agriculture and this has been undertaken through a number of regulatory and institutional reforms as will be seen from the analysis of the legal framework below.

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Ngala, Orucho Michael. "Youth Participation in Agricultural Cooperatives, Post Covid-19 Strategies: A Case of Machakos Coffee Co-operative Societies, Kenya." Archives of Business Research 10, no. 11 (November 25, 2022): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.1011.13408.

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Kenya is a country that is mainly dependent on the agriculture sector for livelihood. Smallholder farmers through Coffee Cooperative Societies play a central role in socio-economic development, particularly in agricultural production, processing, and marketing. The vibrant and dynamic cooperative movement enhances food security, wealth creation, and poverty eradication. FAO report indicates that youths in Kenya are a critical component of the productive population and their input can be harnessed to enhance economic development. However, Kenyan youth has not actively embraced agriculture, due to the involvement of manual labour and poor returns. This study sought to establish factors affecting youth participation in coffee cooperative societies in Machakos County, Kenya. Eighty (80) youth from the eight (8) coffee cooperative societies working under Sustainability Kenya Limited Networks -AGRIFI Project in Machakos County were involved in the study. Focus group discussion (FGD) was adopted to gather in-depth data. Older men’s domineering culture, lack of succession planning, resource allocation challenges, and a negative attitude that associates agriculture with the elderly, the poor, the illiterate, and rural folks, were identified as the main factors impeding active participation of the youth in coffee cooperative societies. The study observes that covid-19 has shaken the whole world, setting in motion unavoidable waves of change, with a wide range of uncertain trajectories in the future. The whole world has moved drastically toward online channels to cope with pandemic challenges. The study strongly recommends deliberate attempts to incorporate technology into agriculture as a strategy of motivating the youth to engage in agriculture and associated cooperatives, thereby increasing agricultural production. Young people easily embrace new ideas, experiment with new practices, and are often devoid of technophobia. They are a potential vital force for innovation in cooperative societies and can contribute immensely to the well-being of farmers, families, and to the local communities.

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Memon, Pyar Ali, and Diana Lee-Smith. "Urban Agriculture in Kenya." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 27, no. 1 (1993): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/485438.

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Memon, Pyar Ali, and Diana Lee-Smith. "Urban Agriculture in Kenya." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines 27, no. 1 (January 1993): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00083968.1993.10804310.

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Njura, Hellen Joseph, Kaberia Isaac Kubai, Simon Thuranira Taaliu, and Kakai Shem Khakame. "The Relationship between Agricultural Teaching Approaches and Food Security in Kenya." Education Research International 2020 (July 11, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8847864.

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The continued food insecurity, despite the teaching of agriculture amidst the novel coronavirus (Covid-19), is a major global concern especially in Africa. There is food shortage in Africa and Kenya in particular despite the teaching of agriculture as a major subject in secondary schools. Many youth who have graduated from Kenyan secondary schools cannot adequately employ the agricultural skills developed during and after school for food security. The teaching approaches employed in secondary school agriculture should be able to develop skills of students on the aspects of food production, its accessibility, food safety, and nutrition as well as production economics. Towards this direction, this paper investigates the relationship between the agricultural teaching approaches employed in secondary schools and food security in Kenya. The study adopted descriptive survey design where data were collected using an Agriculture Teachers’ Interview Schedule, a Students’ Focus Group Discussion Guide, and a Parent’s Questionnaire and were then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The research findings established that the lecture method, class discussions, class projects, problem solving, and tours and field trips were the common methods in agriculture classes. Though recommended in the literature review section, digital learning was hardly mentioned as a teaching approach for this study. A major conclusion for this study is that there is statistically insignificant relationship between the teaching approaches and food security. There are other factors not in the scope of this study that could be affecting food security and can be tackled at secondary school level. This paper makes a contribution to the growing body of knowledge by highlighting research gaps worth investigation on the relationship between the agricultural teaching approaches and food security that were beyond the scope of the study.

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Shibanda, Gundu. "Information for agriculture in Kenya." Information Development 7, no. 3 (July 1991): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026666699100700307.

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Muasa, Lilian, and Hirotaka Matsuda. "Mobile Based Agriculture and Climate Services Impact on Farming Households in Rural Kenya." Journal of Sustainable Development 12, no. 2 (March 30, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v12n2p1.

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Rural farming households in semi-arid regions in Kenya are vulnerable to climate change impacts due to overreliance on rain fed agriculture and low adaptive capacity. Farming households’ adaptive capacity development is detrimental to enable them cope with short and long term impacts. Information Communication and Technology (ICTS) play an essential role in adaptive capacity development by ensuring access to information and knowledge related to agriculture and climate. The mobile phone is one of dominant ICT tool with wider ownership and promising technology for information accessibility. The increasing mobile penetration rate in Kenya has initiated the development of a wide range of agricultural related mobile phone services and applications targeting rural households to increase their agricultural productivity and strengthen their adaptive capacity in the face of climate change. This study examines households use and benefit from the developed mobile phone services and applications to access information related to agriculture and climate change. Using data of 120 households’ multinomial probit analysis is applied to identify factors that determine the adoption of the mobile phone. Findings reveled that through developed mobile phone services and applications, Kenyan rural households are able to access; mobile money banking, extension services, obtain credit, agriculture information, weather information and market information. Access to these services increases household capacity and reduce information asymmetry. Feature phone and smart phones are the types of mobile phone used across households. Multinomial probit analysis elicits that probability of feature phone adoption increases with a decrease in household income while that of smart phone increases on male headed households, increases with an increase in household income and accessibility to credit.

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IRERI, Daisy Mbucu, Mzee AWUOR, and James OGALO. "E-agriculture Framework for Improving Agricultural Productivity among the Smallholder Farmers in Rural Kenya." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture 78, no. 2 (November 15, 2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:2021.0006.

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The economy of Kenya depends mainly on agriculture where smallholder farming has a significant role as it employs 65 percent of the work force and contributes 32 percent of Kenya’s GDP. However, the agricultural industry in Kenya is currently facing difficulties in low productivity. The rural areas have the largest concentration of poverty and food insecurity. Majority of the farming activities in Kenya are on small scale and the problems of these farmers are multifaceted including sub-divisions and small farm sizes, leading to diseconomies of scale and low productivity. The goal of this research was to develop and validate an E-agriculture Framework for Improving Agricultural Productivity among the Smallholder Farmers. Descriptive research design was used. The study was carried out in South Eastern Kenya. The target population comprised 224 meteorological staff, 421 agricultural extension officers, 208 ICT personnel and 3,833 farmers. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires, observation and interviews and analyzed using SPSS. The study found that challenges faced farmers were cost, illiteracy and ICT skills among others. Further, the study established that farmers required specific information such as soil management, pest management etc., for mainly improving their productivity. The researcher proposed an e-agriculture framework for improving agricultural productivity through promoting innovative use of ICT tools to bridge the distance between the farmers and the research communities. The proposed e-framework could be used by government policy makers and stakeholders on ICT on agricultural services in other developing countries to implement policies that speeded up the use of ICT on agricultural information.

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Lado, Cleophas. "Informal urban agriculture in Nairobi, Kenya." Land Use Policy 7, no. 3 (July 1990): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8377(90)90039-2.

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Musi, Yusuf W., E. Mukulu, and M. Oloko. "Influence of Strategic Planning to Firm Performance in Agricultural Research Based Institutions of Kenya." Journal of Management and Sustainability 8, no. 4 (November 25, 2018): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v8n4p83.

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Strategic planning is a very crucial phenomenon in all organisations. It is the tool that determines the destiny of the firm. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of financial resource strategic planning on firm performance, to determine influence of human capital strategic planning on firm performance, to analyze the influence of material resource strategic planning on firm performance and to determine influence of information resource strategic planning on firm performance in agriculture research based institutions of Kenya. Although there had been previous international studies in this field, no literature is evident on status of the same in agriculture based research institutions in Kenya. The study comprised of former 4 major agricultural based research institutes of Kenya, namely: Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Coffee Research Foundation (CRF), Tea Research Foundation (TRF), and Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KeSREF). The institutions had 2922 employees in the year 2015. The study employed descriptive research design. The sample size was 352 having been arrived at using Yamane’s (1967) formula. Results and conclusion of the study were that financial resources strategic planning, human capital strategic planning, material resource strategic planning and information resource strategic planning influence a firm’s performance in a great way.

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Haugerud, Angelique. "Land tenure and agrarian change in Kenya." Africa 59, no. 1 (January 1989): 61–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160764.

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Opening ParagraphThis article examines the relationship of formal and informal land-tenure systems to processes of agrarian change. Although it is often assumed that formal legal recognition of private rights in land can help to transform agriculture, causal links between particular tenure systems and agrarian processes are not easily demonstrated. It is difficult to separate the effects of land tenure from those of a host of other influences on agriculture. A number of studies have pointed to causal relationships among high population density, agricultural intensity, and individualisation of land rights (Podolefsky, 1987). Nevertheless, formal privatisation per se may have relatively little effect on processes of agrarian change, even in an economy where land is productive and scarce and where its distribution is relatively unequal.

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Cherono, Collins K., Justus M. Ombati, and Owen N. Ngumi. "Determinants of conservation agriculture adoption among small-holder farmers in Gilgil sub-county, Kenya." International Journal of Agricultural Extension 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.03.3599.

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Conservation Agriculture is a practice that enhances sustainable and intensified agricultural production. Conservation Agriculture involves; crop rotation, minimum tillage, mulching, zero tillage, maize-legume intercrop, and residue retention. Conservation Agriculture practices are crucial in providing solutions to food and nutrition insecurity, loss of biodiversity and declining soil quality in Kenya. This study documented the current status of Conservation Agriculture use in Gilgil Sub-County of Nakuru County, Kenya, reasons for adoption, and influence of socio-economic, institutional, and agro-ecological factors on adoption of Conservation Agriculture and patterns of use. The study was conducted in July 2020 in Gilgil Sub- County of Nakuru County, Kenya. The study targeted 71,268 farmers and an accessible population of 10,914 farm families respectively. Purposive and systematic sampling techniques were used to select 150 small-holder farmers based on Nassiuma formulae. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Both descriptive (mean, frequencies, and percentages) and inferential (Multivariate probit and Tobit models and Factorial Analysis of Variance) statistics were used to analyse the data. The results revealed incomplete use of Conservation Agriculture practices: about 87% used less than five of the six recommended Conservation Agriculture practices while only 13% used five to six practices promoted in the area. This result indicates that farm-level benefits of using all Conservation Agriculture practices simultaneously were not fully realized. Second, the study established that farmers used Conservation Agriculture practices for agronomic, environmental conservation, and economic reasons. Furthermore, the differences in patterns of use of Conservation Agriculture practices were significantly determined by extension contacts, main occupation, education, access to credit, external institutional support, group membership, and land size.

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Ochieng, L. A. "Biochemical Diversity of Sweetpotato Genotypes." Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research 6 (April 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/jhpr.6.1.

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A comprehensive analysis of the variation in sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] is essential for sound germplasm conservation and recommendation strategies for production and consumption. The study evaluated biochemical content of 68 sweetpotato genotypes grown at the Miyare Agriculture Training College and Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Embu, Kenya. Ten storage root and seven aerial traits were used in the characterization. Storage root dry matter, protein and total carotenoids contents were all higher at the Miyare Agriculture Training College site compared to the Embu site; storage root sucrose and total starch content was higher in Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Embu, compared to the Miyare Agriculture Training College. Dry mater content ranged from 22.9% to 41.7%, protein content ranged from 5.2% to 13.4%, total carotenoids content ranged from 5.9 µg∙g-1 to 33.1 µg∙g-1, sucrose content ranged from 11.0 mg kg-1 to 108.5 mg kg-1, and total starch ranged from 9.1 mg kg-1 to 97.6 mg kg-1. The study demonstrates varying biochemical characteristics in sweetpotato, depending on genotypes and location. Selecting and improving sweet potago genotypes rich in biochemical contents could help to solve the problem of food security and nutrition, especially in developing countries.

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Little, Peter D. "Social differentiation and pastoralist sedentarization in northern Kenya." Africa 55, no. 3 (July 1985): 243–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160579.

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Opening ParagraphSedentarization is often characterized by increased cultivation, which can result in either a partial or a total transformation from a livestock to a farm-based economy (Barth, 1961; Baxter, 1975; Nelson, 1973; Salzman, 1980). There are many possible permutations along this continuum from livestock to agriculture, and categories based on a sharp dichotomy between them are inadequate; even sub-units within a single ethnic group may show divergent patterns. Recent evidence reveals considerable intra-group variation in pastoral responses to agricultural opportunities (Alverson, 1979; Behnke, 1981; Haaland, 1977; Kjaerby, 1979; O'Leary, 1980). These differences are often in line with the generalization that large cattle herds are more closely associated with pastoralism than with agriculture.

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Flynn, Karen Coen. "Urban Agriculture in Mwanza, Tanzania." Africa 71, no. 4 (November 2001): 666–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2001.71.4.666.

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AbstractMany people living in Mwanza, Tanzania, provision themselves through urban agriculture—the planting of crops and raising of animals in urban and peri-urban areas, as well as in the countryside. This article compares Mwanza's urban farmers with those in Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Ghana. Like Zimbabwe's urban agriculturalists, more and more of Mwanza's are not among the poorest of the poor. Much like Ghana's urban farmers, those in Mwanza are often middle and upper-class males with access to scarce land and inputs. Urban cultivators in Mwanza differ from those in Kenya and Zambia with regard to gender, socio-economic class and the factors motivating their farming activities. These findings suggest that even though socio-economic differentiation is on the increase in Tanzania it has not reached the levels of divergence found in Kenya and Zambia. Many of Mwanza's wealthier males continue to face enough job/income insecurity to choose to plant crops to support themselves and their household in lean times. They may also engage in urban agriculture because they are unable or unwilling to take advantage of more profitable investment opportunities outside the food market, or because they desire to spread risk across a number of different investments.

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Watson, Elizabeth E., William M. Adams, and Samuel K. Mutiso. "Indigenous Irrigation, Agriculture and Development, Marakwet, Kenya." Geographical Journal 164, no. 1 (March 1998): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3060546.

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Poulton, Colin, and Karuti Kanyinga. "The Politics of Revitalising Agriculture in Kenya." Development Policy Review 32, s2 (September 12, 2014): s151—s172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12080.

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Yaseen, Asif, Kim Bryceson, and Anne Njeri Mungai. "Commercialization behaviour in production agriculture." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 8, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 579–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-07-2017-0072.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of market orientation (MO) on the major determinants of commercialization behavior among Sub-Saharan smallholders. The study addresses the shortfalls in prior research on smallholder commercialization, which makes little difference between MO and market participation (MP). Design/methodology/approach The study reports on an empirical data set of 272 vegetable growers from Kiambu West District in Kenya and employs a partial least squares structural equation approach to test the hypotheses. Findings The results evidence that MO: fosters farmers’ ability to create value within commodity markets by capitalizing on market opportunities; changes the way in which farmers perceive the role of institution and infrastructure support and; and develops a drive for adopting business approach in farming operations. Research limitations/implications Fostering commercialization behavior among smallholders in Kenya requires implementing a two-pronged approach: improving MO to adopt business approach in farming operations; and facilitating MP at output level. The major limitation of this study is data collected only from high value vegetable producers in Kenya, signifying a need to include other agriculture produce across different Sub-Saharan countries. Originality/value Research on smallholder agriculture is replete with investigating institutional and technical constraints to make smallholders more productive, however, research on MO to adopt business approach in farming operations is scant. This study emphasizes that understanding MO, as a distinct and separate concept from MP, is vital for scaling up business approach among smallholder farmers.

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Abdi Ali, Hussein, and Salah Abdirahaman Farah. "Understanding the Influence and Effects of Devolution on Agricultural Development: A Case Study of Garissa County, Kenya." International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review 10, no. 10 (October 8, 2019): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/ijcrr.v10i10.561.

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The Agriculture sector in Kenya is as important as the country. Much of the agricultural function was transferred to the devolved units when the new constitution was passed by Kenyans and promulgated. The question many are asking is, have county governments initiated strategies in place to improve food security and ultimately contribute to the economy. Agriculture is the major contributor of our economy today. Kenya needs to be a self-sufficient country and feed its people. County governments have a huge role in ensuring this objective achieved. Based on this, a research title is proposed “Understanding the influence and effects of devolution on agricultural development: A case study of Garissa county, Kenya” The research seeks to clarify to the public and the other stakeholders concerned if actually devolved units have done anything to improve the agricultural sector since its inception. Have county governments put clear, achievable and practical strategies for this sector to grow and how best can counties improve this important sector. The research findings will be very helpful to those who are involve in the agricultural sector, directly or indirectly. The research objectives are; to compare performance of agriculture before and after devolution, to evaluate the achievements of devolution in the agricultural sector, to analyse the challenges faced by county governments in developing this sector, to examine the perception of the public on the best strategies to improve agriculture in Kenya and to give synthesised recommendations to all stakeholders. The research was conducted within Garissa County, four out of the six sub counties. A total of 310 respondents were engaged ranging from farmers, the general public and the staff of the county government The research found out that there is a gap in the sector that needs attention. Agricultural production, although remained steadfast over the years, has been in deplorable situation. The research findings is helpful to all stakeholders-both levels of governments, farmers, the public and non-state actors. The research commends that the County governments should use bottom-up approach strategy when making critical decision affecting the department. This will aid them obtain raw and unbiased information for action. The department of agriculture experts should be deployed to all sub counties (at the grassroots). 95 percent of these staff stay at county headquarters doing nothing. Their presence at the villages, farms will come in handy or the farmers. People with experience and experts should be employed to spearhead this exercise. Routine visits should be made to the farming areas.

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Owuor, Sharon Auma, Edward George Mamati, and Remmy Wekesa Kasili. "Origin, Genetic Diversity, and Population Structure of Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Kenya." BioMed Research International 2019 (November 6, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7056940.

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To evaluate the origin, genetic diversity, and population structure of domesticated rabbits in Kenya, a 263-base pair region of mtDNA D-loop region of 111 rabbits sampled from Kakamega, Vihiga, and Bungoma counties in the western region, Laikipia and Nyandarua counties in the central region, and Kitui, Machakos, and Makueni in the eastern region of the country were analyzed. The average haplotype (0.40702) and nucleotide (0.01494) diversities observed were low, indicating low genetic diversity of domesticated rabbits in Kenya. This study resolved 5 unique haplotypes in the mtDNA D-loop region. A population genetic structure distinguishing Europe grouping and domesticated rabbits in Kenya was obtained on incorporating 32 known haplotypes. Domesticated rabbits in Kenya clustered together with rabbits from other geographic regions, suggesting common origin. The results suggested that the Kenyan domesticated rabbits may have originated from Europe. Integration of exotic breeds into breeding programmes could have contributed to the low genetic diversity. These results provide useful information for breeding and conservation decisions by the relevant stakeholders in the agriculture industry in Kenya.

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Sunman, Hilary. "A Very Different Land: Echoes of Kenya in the 1930s and '40s." African Research & Documentation 120 (2012): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00021531.

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‘A Very Different Land’ tells the story of how the strong . agricultural economy of present day Kenya is based on the agriculture of the Colonial period, a story told through the eyes of my father and his colleagues. My father, Owen, was an Agricultural Adviser in Kenya from 1928 to 1950, rising from Assistant Agricultural Officer to assistant director of the department. It was a period which saw a transformation in farming throughout all parts of Kenya.Kenya was always part of my life. I grew up surrounded by talk of life in Kenya, and it was a benchmark of comparison and memory. My parents both loved their life there and my childhood was full of reminiscences and Swahili phrases; when we went to France and my parents were searching for a word in French, out came a word in Swahili.

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Sunman, Hilary. "A Very Different Land: Echoes of Kenya in the 1930s and '40s." African Research & Documentation 120 (2012): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00021531.

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‘A Very Different Land’ tells the story of how the strong . agricultural economy of present day Kenya is based on the agriculture of the Colonial period, a story told through the eyes of my father and his colleagues. My father, Owen, was an Agricultural Adviser in Kenya from 1928 to 1950, rising from Assistant Agricultural Officer to assistant director of the department. It was a period which saw a transformation in farming throughout all parts of Kenya.Kenya was always part of my life. I grew up surrounded by talk of life in Kenya, and it was a benchmark of comparison and memory. My parents both loved their life there and my childhood was full of reminiscences and Swahili phrases; when we went to France and my parents were searching for a word in French, out came a word in Swahili.

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Lee, Joan. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 9, No. 3." Sustainable Agriculture Research 9, no. 3 (July 30, 2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v9n3p114.

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Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated. Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: sar@ccsenet.org   Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 3 Bed Mani Dahal, Kathmandu University, Nepal Cristina Bianca Pocol, Univ. of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj Napoca, Romania Daniel L. Mutisya, Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization, Kenya Entessar Mohammad Al JBawi, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria Gunnar Bengtsson, Sweden Inder Pal Singh, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University (GADVASU), India Manuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal Mirela Kopjar, University of Osijek, Croatia Ram Niwas, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, India Samuel Obae, University of Connecticut, United States Vishwambhar Prasad Sati, Government KRG Post Graduate College, India

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Onyango, Cecilia Moraa, Catherine Nkirote Kunyanga, Davis Njuguna Karanja, and Raphael Githaiga Wahome. "Employer perceptions and attitudes towards agricultural university training in Kenya." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 6, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol6.iss1.932.

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Agriculture is the backbone of most Sub-Saharan African economies accounting for 40 % of the GDP and 80% employment. Yet agricultural graduates have not been able to “hit the ground running” upon graduation. This study assessed the quality of agricultural graduates from Kenyan Universities in terms of relevance to job market demands. A mixed method approach was used to collect data through a personal interview survey and focus group discussions involving 54 public and private organizations. Descriptive statistics was used to generate means and frequencies to validate the study hypotheses. Results indicated that employers’ main concern on quality of graduates were poor interpersonal (> 90%), communication (53%), practical (>90%) and character (78%) skills. Further future agriculture will be impacted by competencies in practical skills (56%) and training in contemporary issues like climate change (17%). Success of agricultural production to a large degree depends on the human resources available within the sector. If the quality of university graduates is poor, it negatively affects the entire knowledge chain. This research also has an implication for university administrators and policy makers in training holistic graduates that meet employers’ and socio-economic development needs. Integrating job market requirements into university curricula can improve the quality of graduates that directly impact agricultural productivity for economic development and poverty reduction.

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Lamb, Geoff. "GOVERNMENT, CO-OPERATIVES AND PEASANT AGRICULTURE IN KENYA." Institute of Development Studies Bulletin 6, no. 1 (May 22, 2009): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.1974.mp6001004.x.

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Mulei, Welissa, Bolanle Larinde, Adedayo Adefioye, Prince Bobo, and Paul Woomer. "Understanding the Perceptions of Secondary School Youth toward Agricultural Careers in Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya and Nigeria." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 27, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 62–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2020.27462.

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Youth are critical participants in the modernization of African agriculture but often their perception of farming is negative. A baseline survey of 1264 students from eight secondary schools in Democratic Republic (DR) of Congo, Kenya and Nigeria was conducted to assess their attitudes toward career pathways to agriculture and agribusiness. KoboToolBox was used to collect data online before compilation and inspection for errors in Microsoft Excel and exportation into STATA for analysis. Findings were presented as summary statistics, frequencies and multiple linear regression. A large majority (86%) of the students attended agricultural courses and 54% identified agriculture as having a place in their future, but often not as their highest career ambition. Livestock, field cropping, small animal production, and horticulture were the most viable enterprises for the youngsters. Nearly half (46%) that were averse to agriculture as a career path based their decision upon excessive labor requirements (30%), difficulties in securing land (25%), and low returns to effort (20%). Disparities from a country, area and gender perspective were recorded. Perceptions and career plans among the sexes differed; with females having less experience with machinery, and were more drawn to horticulture and agro-processing. Despite unfavorable attitudes toward agriculture, the study established that youth from these countries recognize that opportunity exists from adopting modern farming methods and commercial agricultural enterprises. The results of this study suggest several avenues for future Start Them Early Program activities intended to strengthen career pathways toward agriculture in African secondary schools. Keywords: Africa, agricultural education, career pathways, Start Them Early Program, youth

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Wasilwa, L. A., N. Ondabu, and G. W. Watani. "064 The History of Macadamia Nut Introduction and Development in Kenya." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 452B—452. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.452b.

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The macadamia nut was introduced to the Kenyan highlands from Australia in the early 1960s. Seedlings were propagated at a nursery near Kiambu in central Kenya by Bob Harris and were subsequently distributed in the central and eastern highlands and later the western highlands. The majority of seedlings planted were one two species, Macadamia integrifolia Maiden and Betche or M. tetraphylla L. S. A less common species, Macadamia ternifolia, was also planted. Several hybrids of M. integrifolia and M. tetraphylla have been identified in the central and eastern highlands. A macadamia improvement research program was launched in the early part of 1980 by the Ministry of Agriculture. Since then, 30 trees of the seedlings planted in the later part of 1960s have been selected and evaluated in trial orchards located in the Kenyan highlands. Most of the recently planted orchards constitute of 10 clones that yield between 40 to 90 kg of nuts annually. Five high-yielding macadamia varieties from Hawaii were introduced to Kenya in the early 1980s. To date >90% of the cultivated macadamia trees in Kenya are either M. integrifolia or hybrids of M. integrifolia and M. tetraphylla. Until the late 1970s, there was no market for macadamia nuts in Kenya. Since then, several companies market this crop, which is mainly exported to Japan and Europe.

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Lee, Joan. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 9, No. 4." Sustainable Agriculture Research 9, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v9n4p67.

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Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated. Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: sar@ccsenet.org Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 4 Aaron Norris, University of Nevada Reno, USA Bed Mani Dahal, Kathmandu University, Nepal Daniel L Mutisya, Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization, Kenya Giuseppina Migliore, University of Palermo, Italy Gunnar Bengtsson, Sweden Inder Pal Singh, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University(GADVASU), India Jiun-Yan Loh, UCSI University, Malaysia Kaveh Ostad Ali Askari, Islamic Azad University, Iran Manuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal Mirela Kopjar, University of Osijek, Croatia Murtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, Pakistan Nehemie Tchinda Donfagsiteli, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Cameroon Ram Niwas, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, India Subhash Chand, Central Agricultural Research Institute CARI Port Blair, India

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Lee, Joan. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 10, No. 2." Sustainable Agriculture Research 10, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v10n2p98.

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Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated. Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: sar@ccsenet.org Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 2 Araya Ranok, Department of Applied Biology, Faculty Science and Liberal Arts, Thailand Cristina B. Pocol, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj Napoca, Romania Daniel L Mutisya, Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization, Kenya Darwin Pangaribuan, Lampung University, Indonesia Gunnar Bengtsson, Sweden Inder Pal Singh, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University (GADVASU), India Katarzyna Panasiewicz, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Khaled Sassi, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Tunisia Luciano Chi, Sugar Industry Research and Development Institute, Belize Manuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal Murtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, Pakistan Ram Niwas, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, India Roberto José Zoppolo, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (Uruguay), Uruguay Subhash Chand, Central Agricultural Research Institute CARI Port Blair, India

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Murunga, Sylvia I., Eliud N. Wafula, and Joseph Sang. "The Use of Freshwater Sapropel in Agricultural Production: A New Frontier in Kenya." Advances in Agriculture 2020 (July 31, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8895667.

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Opportunities for sustainable agriculture development in Kenya which heavily depends on healthy soil and soil microbial diversity can be found in the promotion of organic farming. The increasing populations, higher demands for animal and plant products, climate change impacts, and weather conditions necessitate novel ideas and technologies to try reverse the adverse effects of excessive use of inorganic fertilizers and to maximize the potential of the land. Sapropel, a promising biological deposit from freshwater lakes, has found its limelight in its use in agricultural crop production as a soil conditioner and biofertilizer. This could be an ultimate practice for sustainable food and energy production in Kenya. This review aims at presenting information in the literature about the potential use of the organic fertilizer based on sapropels in intensified crop production and their main effects on plant growth. It discusses soil fertility, the composition of sapropels, and their application and advantages in agricultural production. It is evident from the review that sapropel can be considered as a resource that is valuable with wide application possibilities in agriculture. Sapropel can present an important contribution to the solution of the conservation of the fertility of the soil for integrated nutrient management systems to maintain agricultural productivity and help in environmental conservation.

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Senwo, Zachary. "International agriculture and rural development." Open Access Government 36, no. 1 (October 12, 2022): 444–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-036-9458.

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International agriculture and rural development Our world is changing exponentially and unleashing sets of complicated problems, challenges, and opportunities. In view of this, international agriculture and rural development experiences have become critical in the training of food and agriculture majors. Professor. Dr. Zachary Senwo and colleagues have spent nearly two decades initiating and leading overseas studies programs in such countries as Brazil, China, Honduras, Kenya, and Costa Rica and continue to mentor scholars worldwide including Malawi, China, Brazil, Senegal, Rwanda, South Africa, Cameroon, and Gabon.

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Mbithe, Dr Pauline, Dr Prof Germano Mwabu, and Mr Maurice Awiti. "IMPACT OF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMS ON AGRICULTURAL SECTOR GROWTH IN KENYA." Journal of Agricultural Policy 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jap.122.

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Purpose: The study was an examination of the impact of structural adjustment programs on agricultural growth in Kenya.Methodology: The study examined the short run and long run determinants of agricultural sector performance in Kenya. To achieve this, the study use time series regression modeling for data spanning from 1975 to 2010. Tests of normality, unit roots test and cointergration test was applied to determine the properties of the data. Upon proof of cointergration, an error correction model was estimated to link the short run and the long run relationships.Results: The results indicated that structural adjustment programme (SAPs) had a negative and significant long run effect on per capita agriculture GDP. The study concluded that Post Election Violence had a negative and significant long run effect on the per capital agriculture GDP. The study also concluded that the lagged per capital agricultural performance had a positive and significant effect on the per capita agricultural performance. The results also led to the conclusion that the long run per capita agricultural growth may be linked to the short run growth by an error correction term of -0.242583 which indicates that 0.242% of the disequilibria in short run per capita agricultural sector GDP achieved in one period are corrected in the subsequent period. The results also led to the conclusion that weather indicators (temperature and precipitation), and per capita infrastructure did not have a significant effect on the short run and long run per capita Agricultural GDP.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that some harmful policies need to be eliminated such as the removal of subsidies. Other policy recommendations are to enhance the adaptation of privatized agricultural institutions; encouragement of value addition in primary agricultural products; non price mechanisms such as infrastructure should be encouraged especially in the rural areas; and enhancement of the political stability of the country especially during electioneering years.

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Kemoi, Edson K., Andrew Nyerere, and Christine C. Bii. "Triazole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus from Fungicide-Experienced Soils in Naivasha Subcounty and Nairobi County, Kenya." International Journal of Microbiology 2018 (June 26, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7147938.

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The mainstay in prevention and treatment of aspergillosis is the use triazole drugs. In Kenya, the use of agricultural azole is one of the predisposing factors in development of resistance. One hundred fifty-six (156) experienced soils were collected from agricultural farms and cultured on Sabouraud DextroseAagar. The study isolated 48 yielded Aspergillus fumigatus and 2 A. flavus. All the isolates were subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing against three triazoles: posaconazole, voriconazole, and itraconazole. Out of the isolates, 3 had MIC of 32 and 1 had MIC of 16 against itraconazole, and 1 isolate had MIC of 32 against posaconazole. CYP51A gene was sequenced, and TR34/L98H mutation was identified. Triazole resistance existing in Kenya calls for rational use of azole-based fungicides in agriculture over concerns of emerging antifungal resistance in clinical practice.

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Nyberg, G., A. Bargués Tobella, J. Kinyangi, and U. Ilstedt. "Patterns of water infiltration and soil degradation over a 120-yr chronosequence from forest to agriculture in western Kenya." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 4 (July 20, 2011): 6993–7015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-6993-2011.

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Abstract. Soil degradation is commonly reported in the tropics where forest is converted to agriculture. Much of the native forest in the highlands of western Kenya has been converted to agricultural land in order to feed the growing population, and more land is being cleared. In tropical Africa, this land use change results in progressive soil degradation, as the period of cultivation increases. Sites that were converted to agriculture at different times can be evaluated as a chronosequence; this can aid in our understanding of the processes at work, particularly those in the soil. Both levels and variation of infiltration, soil carbon and other parameters are influenced by management within agricultural systems, but they have rarely been well documented in East Africa. We constructed a chronosequence for an area of western Kenya, using two native forest sites and six fields that had been converted to agriculture for varying lengths of time. We assessed changes in infiltrability (the steady-state infiltration rate), soil C and N, bulk density, δ13C, and the proportion of macro- and microaggregates in soil along a 119 yr chronosequence of conversion from natural forest to agriculture. Infiltration, soil C and N, decreased rapidly after conversion, while bulk density increased. Median infiltration rates fell to about 15 % of the initial values in the forest and C and N values dropped to around 60 %, whilst the bulk density increased by 50 %. Despite high spatial variability in infiltrability, these parameters correlated well with time since conversion and with each other. Our results indicate that landscape planners should include wooded elements in the landscape in sufficient quantity to ensure water infiltration at rates that prevent runoff and erosion. This should be the case for restoring degraded landscapes, as well as for the development of new agricultural areas.

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Kariuki, Rebecca W., David Western, Simon Willcock, and Robert Marchant. "Assessing Interactions between Agriculture, Livestock Grazing and Wildlife Conservation Land Uses: A Historical Example from East Africa." Land 10, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10010046.

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Despite mobile livestock grazing being widely recognized as one of the most viable and sustainable land uses for semi-arid savanna, which can deliver clear wildlife conservation benefits, the levels of pastoral sedentarization and transitions to agricultural livelihoods continue to rise in many pastoral communities across the world. Using questionnaire interviews with community elders, our study assessed changing trends in livestock grazing, wildlife conservation, and sedentarization levels from the 1960s to the present day across three savannas in southern Kenya. Our study identified the drivers of land uses and land subdivision and the implications of land use change on savanna ecology. Over the last half century, there has been a 30% decline in livestock grazing land in southern Kenya due to the expansion of land for agriculture and wildlife conservation. Despite the decline, livestock grazing remains the preferred land use in subdivided and privatized lands. Pastoralist land used for wildlife conservation was perceived to be higher (30%) in southwestern Kenya compared to southeastern Kenya (16%), despite their geographical proximity. These historical insights provide useful lessons for maintaining space for wildlife, diversifying livelihoods, and increasing the resilience of pastoralists in the process of transitioning from traditional subsistence to market economies and the threats of social and ecological dislocation.

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J., Muguthu, and Lang'at N. "FINANCING SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PROJECTS IN AGRICULTURE." Journal of Engineering in Agriculture and the Environment 5, no. 2 (November 18, 2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37017/jeae.v5i2.61.

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Agriculture remains the source of livelihood in Africa. However, this sector is plagued by high level of wastage in food chain. In Kenya it is estimated that close to 50% of Kenya’s agricultural produce, be it crop, fish or even livestock is lost in post-harvest maneuvers. This is largely due to poor post-harvest processing and storage. These are energy intensive which compound the situation. Energy challenge is multi-faceted ranging from technology to financing and accessibility. This paper looks at energy financing and analyses the various options available for the agricultural sector in Kenya. The paper further compares financing approach in the developed countries and the lessons learnt and opportunities. The results of this study show that project finance is the preferred model of financing among REP financiers, while REP developers mainly prefer corporate finance. Based on the cost of implementation, project finance is mostly only a viable option for financing large-scale REPs, which as the results of this study show, delivers minimal benefits for sustainable economic development. This is mainly because large SEPs are mostly gridconnected. It is recommended that in developing countries, public institutions and legal systems should consider having the stability, ability, and reliability over the medium to long term to put in place and enforce laws and private sector regulation in general, as well as supportive incentives for renewable energy in particular.

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Mackenzie, Fiona. "Land and territory: the interface between two systems of land tenure, Murang'a District, Kenya." Africa 59, no. 1 (January 1989): 91–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160765.

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Introduction: ‘Land Reform’ and Rural SecurityThe objective of this paper is to examine the nature of the interface between two systems of land tenure in an area of smallholdings, Murang'a District, Central Province, Kenya. The first, the ng'undu system, evolved in the fertile, dissected plateau area east of the Nyandarua Range since the Kikuyu migrated there in the early seventeenth century (Muriuki, 1974: 62–82; Government of Kenya, 1929: 6); the second, a freehold system of individual land tenure, was introduced by the colonial state in the mid-1950s as a political instrument to counter the force of Mau Mau (Lamb, 1974; Leys, 1975). The latter system, it was intended, would replace the former, thereby laying the basis for an intensification of African agriculture which was also, under the Swynnerton Plan, to include production for the urban and export markets (Heyer, 1981; House and Killick, 1983). Commitment to this same principle continues to inform present agricultural policy (Government of Kenya, 1984a, Kenya Development Plan 1984–1988, p. 187; 1986,: 88).

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Ongang’a, Peter Odhiambo, Washington Adede Ochola, Judith Odhiambo, and Evans Abenga Basweti. "Improving Knowledge Gain in Secondary School Agricultural Education through Supervised Agricultural Experience Programme (SAEP) in Migori County, Kenya." International Journal of Advanced Research 2, no. 2 (October 29, 2020): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/ijar.2.2.230.

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This study focused on determining the influence of SAEP on knowledge gain in secondary school agricultural education among Form Three students in Migori County, Kenya. It zeroed on analysing the differences in knowledge gained in agriculture between two groups, one taking part in SAEP and the other not taking part. It utilised quasi-experimental design, particularly the pre-test and post-test none-equivalent control group design incorporating a sample of 384 forms three agriculture students in Migori County. A test for measuring learning outcomes was used to collect data before and after the programme. Analysis of data was done using SPSS (Version 22). Descriptive statistics were used to present and describe data while inferential statistics were used test hypotheses at α = 0.05. The study established that there was a statistically significant difference in the acquisition of knowledge of specific agriculture content between secondary school agriculture students exposed to SAEP as opposed to the control group.

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Macharia, Isaac, Fredrick Koome, Thomas Kosiom, Florence Munguti, Benard Mukoye, Esther Kimani, and Kimenju J. W. "Pest Incursions Pose a Serious Threat To Food Security and the Kenyan Economy." African Phytosanitary Journal 2, no. 1 (November 1, 2020): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52855/vakd4164.

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Although Kenya has a well-developed phytosanitary system to regulate introduction of plant and plant products, several pest incursions have been reported in the last two decades. The incursions have culminated in devastating impact on agriculture, biodiversity and the entire Kenyan economy. The objective of this review is to consolidate information on the pests involved, their distribution, estimate the economic losses associated with them and management measures in place. A total of 11 major pests and diseases namely Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Bactrocera dorsalis, Banana xanthomonas wilt (BXW), Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD), Cassava mosaic disease (CMD), Fall army worm (FAW), Maize lethal necrosis disease (MLND), Papaya mealybug (PMB), Parthenium hysterophorus, potato cyst nematode (PCN) and tomato leaf miners (Tuta absoluta) have been reported in the last two decades. Some of the pests are persistent, invasive, vicious and fast spreading. For instance, the FAW has now spread to nearly all maize growing areas in Kenya in one year after the pest was first reported in 2017. The incursion pests are a major threat to food security, expensive to control and are a barrier to international market access. Integrated measures including improvement of diagnostic potential, increased pest and disease surveillance, improvement in rapid response and pest containment are needed in view of the dangers posed by incursion pests to the entire Kenyan economy whose mainstay is agriculture. Key words: Bactrocera dorsalis, maize lethal necrosis disease, Parthenium hysterophorus, Tuta absoluta

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Kyambo , Onesmus, Julius Kilungo, and Dorothy Amwata. "THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTED SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS ON FARMERS’ AWARENESS OF DEVOLUTION OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN KITUI COUNTY, KENYA." American Journal of Agriculture 3, no. 1 (June 18, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/aja.731.

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Purpose: Agriculture is the main stay and driver of Kenyan rural economy. Despites the critical role of agriculture in Kenya, poor access to extension support services persist. This study sought to assess the influence of selected socio-economic factors on farmers’ awareness of devolution of agricultural extension services in Kitui County. Methodology: The study used an ex post facto descriptive survey design. A total sample of 99 farmers drawn from the population of 222,781 households in 40 wards (GOK – Economic Survey 2019.) was selected from Kitui County using a stratified random sampling approach. Questionnaires were administered to the sampled farmers. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive, inferential statistics (binary logistic regression). Findings: This study established that older farmers were aware about devolution of agricultural extension services. This study also found that male farmers were more aware about devolution of agricultural extension services as compared to their female counterparts. Moreover, educated farmers were more aware about devolution of agricultural extension services as compared to their less educated counterparts. Family heads from wealthier households (with greater income) were more aware about devolution of agricultural extension services as compared to their counterparts from low income households. The respondents that had larger sizes of land were more likely to be more aware of about devolution of agricultural extension services as compared to household heads with smaller sizes of land. Unique Contribution to Practice and Policy: This study recommends that more campaigns and sensitization should be made in the vast Kitui County to create awareness about the devolution of agricultural extension services and encourage more women smallholder farmers to take advantage of this service especially through organised groups. Key campaigns should especially be implemented through women groups, since women farmers had the least awareness of the devolution of agricultural extension services.

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Lee, Joan. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 7, No. 4." Sustainable Agriculture Research 7, no. 4 (October 30, 2018): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v7n4p134.

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Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated. Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/sar/editor/recruitment and e-mail the completed application form to sar@ccsenet.org.   Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 4 Aftab Alam, Edenworks Inc. New York, United States Benedict Jonathan Kayombo, Botswana College of Agriculture, Botswana Beye Amadou Moustapha, Rice Research Center, Cote d'Ivoire Daniel L Mutisya, Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization, Kenya Dietrich Darr, Hochschule Rhein-Waal, Germany Entessar Mohammad Al JBawi, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria Esther Shekinah Durairaj, Michael Fields Agricultural Institute, USA Giuseppina Migliore, University of Palermo, Italy Inder Pal Singh, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, India Katarzyna Panasiewicz, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Manuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal Mehmet Yagmur, Ahi Evran University, Turkey Mirela Kopjar, University of Osijek, Croatia Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh Murtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, Pakistan Nehemie Tchinda Donfagsiteli, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Cameroon Raghuveer Sripathi, Advanta US, Inc., USA Ram Niwas, District Institute of Rural Development, India Roberto José Zoppolo, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Uruguay Samuel Obae, University of Connecticut, United States Samuel Pare, University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso Stefano Marino, University of Molise, Italy Tenaw Workayehu, Hawassa Research Center, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia

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Wawire, Amos W., Sabina M. Wangia, and Julius J. Okello. "Determinants of Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Agriculture: The Case of Kenya Agricultural Commodity Exchange in Bungoma County, Kenya." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 3 (February 13, 2017): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n3p128.

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Access to markets by Smallholder farmers has conventionally been constrained by lack of market information. Efforts to strengthen access of farmers to markets has triggered the mushrooming of several projects that embrace ICT tools in promoting access to competitive market information. Nevertheless, most farmers still lack access to accurate market information, such as existing commodity prices. This study examines the determinants of the use of ICT tools among smallholder farmers for agricultural transactions. The study uses Kenya Agricultural Commodity Exchange (KACE), one of the ICT-based marketing platform, as the case study. The objectives of the research are to determine the factors that influence access to agricultural information, and establishing factors that determine the intensity of use of ICT tools in accessing agricultural information. Survey was conducted among 136 smallholder farmers in Bungoma County. Both purposive, and multi-stage sampling were used to obtain the sample for this research. The study finds that several farmer characteristics, farm and capital endowment factors affect the use of ICT tools, particularly mobile phones. Gender, age, literacy level, affordability, perceived importance, mobile ownership and group membership were found to be significant in influencing the decision to use KACE ICT tools and the intensity of use of these tools for agricultural transaction activities. The study further recommends for policies that support the expansion of ICT projects, training on their applications and sensitization on the use of these platforms. The study suggests for policies to address gender disparities on access and use of ICT tools for agricultural transaction.

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PARSONS, TIMOTHY. "BEING KIKUYU IN MERU: CHALLENGING THE TRIBAL GEOGRAPHY OF COLONIAL KENYA." Journal of African History 53, no. 1 (March 2012): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853712000023.

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ABSTRACTFaced with a confusing range of fluid ethnicities when they conquered Kenya, colonial officials sought to shift conquered populations into manageable administrative units. In linking physical space to ethnic identity, the Kenyan reserve system assumed that each of these ‘tribes’ had a specific homeland. Yet the reserves in the central Kenyan highlands soon became overcrowded and socially restive because they could not accommodate population growth and private claims to land for commercial agriculture. Although colonial officials proclaimed themselves the guardians of backward tribal peoples, they tried to address this problem by creating mechanisms whereby surplus populations would be ‘adopted’ into tribes living in less crowded reserves. This article provides new insights into the nature of identity in colonial Kenya by telling the stories of two types of Kikuyu migrants who settled in the Meru Reserve. The first much larger group did so legally by agreeing to become Meru. The second openly challenged the colonial state and their Meru hosts by defiantly proclaiming themselves to be Kikuyu. These diverse ways of being Kikuyu in the Meru Reserve fit neither strict primordial nor constructivist conceptions of African identity formation. The peoples of colonial Kenya had options in deciding how to identify themselves and could assume different political and social roles by invoking one or more of them at a time and in specific circumstances.

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Machisu, Vitalis, Vitalis Opondo, Alice Nakhumicha, and Reuben O. Mosi. "Influence of school agricultural farms on academic performance in agriculture in secondary schools." Journal of Agriculture, Science and Technology 21, no. 3 (August 2, 2022): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jagst.v21i3.5.

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Performance in agriculture in secondary schools countrywide has remained dismal since the year 2016 and it is mainly attributed to poor pedagogical skills and a lack of proper teaching materials and infrastructure. This study, therefore, sought to assess the influence of school agricultural farms on academic performance in agriculture in secondary schools in Hamisi Sub-County, Kenya. The study employed a descriptive survey research design involving census sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25.0, with Spearman’s rank-order correlation being employed to check for multicollinearity among study variables. The study established that, to a large extent, school agricultural farms influence academic performance in agriculture. The study recommends that efforts be made by all relevant players to ensure that secondary schools offering agriculture have access to functional farms for effective instruction. For their part, teacher training institutions should improve their ability to provide teachers with relevant knowledge, skills, and strategies for teaching agriculture, and the Ministry of Education should ensure that schools offering the subject have adequate resources for running their demonstration farms.

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Maumbe, Blessing M., and Julius Okello. "Uses of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Agriculture and Rural Development in Sub-Saharan Africa." International Journal of ICT Research and Development in Africa 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jictrda.2010010101.

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This paper presents a framework of the evolution of information and communication technology (ICT) applications in agriculture and rural development based on comparative experiences of South Africa and Kenya. The framework posits that full deployment of ICT in agriculture and rural development will be a culmination of several phases of changes that starts with e-government policy design, development and implementation. The paper argues that ICT use in agriculture and rural development is a powerful instrument for improving agricultural and rural development and standards of living throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. However, success in greater application of ICT in agriculture will require addressing impediments to adoption and diffusion. Such impediments include the lack of awareness, low literacy, infrastructure deficiencies (e.g. lack of electricity to charge electronic gadgets), language and cultural barriers in ICT usage, the low e-inclusivity and the need to cater for the special needs of some users. The paper reviews successful applications of ICT in agriculture and urges greater use of ICT-based interventions in agriculture as a vehicle for spurring rural development in Africa.

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Gunter, Jessie, Keith M. Moore, Stephen Eubank, and Grace Tino. "Agricultural Information Networks and Adoption of Conservation Agriculture in East Africa." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 24, no. 1 (April 15, 2017): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2016.241109.

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Previous studies have shown that there is not one universal set of factors that contribute to smallholder farmers' adoption of Conservation Agriculture. However, network influences at the local and regional levels play a key role in innovation and technology diffusion. A major challenge in research dedicated to measuring these influences is representing farmer network structure. Mixed methods baseline and endline surveys on adoption of Conservation Agriculture and farmer information sources were carried out in 2010 and 2014 in Molo, Uganda (n=92), Kween, Uganda (n=94), and Kitale, Kenya (n=65). Network structure is explored at multiple levels: the meso-level, where agents serve as sources of vertical knowledge; and the micro level, where farmers spread new technologies horizontally, often through involvement in farmer groups and associations, and integrate them into existing local knowledge. The survey results indicate that farmers understood the three principles of Conservation Agriculture as independent concepts and that crop rotation is widespread. Adoption of minimum tillage increased significantly (p < 0.01) in the Ugandan sites, and knowledge of minimum tillage increased significantly in all research sites.

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Djurfeldt, Agnes Andersson. "Seasonality and farm/non-farm interactions in Western Kenya." Journal of Modern African Studies 50, no. 1 (February 27, 2012): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x11000589.

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ABSTRACTThis article considers the distributional consequences of seasonality by analysing the links between non-farm incomes, commercialisation within agriculture, and variations in consumption burdens and expenditures at the household level. The common focus in the literature on non-farm incomes as levellers of seasonality and sources of risk minimisation is complemented by perspectives which consider how seasonality affects and is handled by households depending on their broader livelihood situations. To this perspective is also added a consideration of in-kind transfers and transactions. The article uses a mixed methods approach, drawing on data from two villages in Western Kenya. The lack of non-farm sources of income and the variation over time in consumption burdens aggravate the seasonal aspects of the agricultural production cycle for poorer households. By contrast, the interaction between farm and non-farm sources of income enables wealthier households to profit from seasonality in relation to agricultural markets, while providing the basis for meeting both farm and non-farm expenditures.

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G. W., Watson, Ouvrard D., Muo Kasina, Achieng J. C., Githae M. M., Mulwa J., Kinuthia W., Isaac Macharia, Hellen Heya, and Polaszek A. "New scale insect country records for Kenya (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) from old samples in insect collections." African Phytosanitary Journal 2, no. 1 (November 1, 2020): 72–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.52855/ajjy4729.

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Scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) are some of the least understood insects, particularly in agriculture, even though they can cause high crop losses. Due to their small size and cryptic habits they are rarely noticed at the onset of an infestation. In Kenya, efforts have been initiated to understand these pests better. Scale insects from Kenya, found in samples between 13 and 107 years old, were studied in the insect collections of the Natural History Museum, London, U.K. and the Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organisation, Nairobi, Kenya. The study identified 51 new country records of scale insects including one new continental record for Africa, Ferrisia dasylirii (Cockerell) (Pseudococcidae). Of the new records, 35 species (68.6%) are native to Africa and 16 (31.4%) have been introduced from elsewhere. Six of the 51 species (11.8%) are pests in Kenya today. Amongst the introduced species, at least one (Aonidiella comperei McKenzie) could cause plant quarantine issues in trade, and four (25.0%) are pests, more than four times the frequency of pests amongst the African species (5.7%). The remaining 45 species have been present in Kenya for at least 13 years and many have not been collected again since the original samples, suggesting that either they have not survived or they are rare because they are under good natural control. Most of the introduced species listed (75.0%) have not caused economic problems in Kenya to date, so it is thought unlikely that they will do so in the future. Key words: Scale insects, introduced species, native species

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Kenneth, Rono Kiplangat. "FEEDING KENYA 2015 AND BEYOND –WHOSE RESPONSIBILITY?" Scholedge International Journal of Multidisciplinary & Allied Studies ISSN 2394-336X 3, no. 7 (August 15, 2016): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.19085/journal.sijmas030701.

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<em>In the world, food insecurity remains an enormous challenge. Food insecurity is still a great concern for many households in Kenya. This situation is connected to high level of poverty that exists in the country, particularly in rural areas. Each year , between one to four million people receive relief food from both the national and donor agencies such as the world food program. Unfortunately policy responses have almost always inclined towards responding to emergencies of food shortages rather than on putting in place systems responsible for feeding Kenya in 2015 and beyond. This paper highlights key paradigm shift approaches to achieving food security in Kenya. The expected quick win outputs with regard to commitment to feed Kenya and methodologies on how to increase food security in Kenya have been discussed. Kenya’s new constitution has devolved many responsibilities to the community level and therefore Kenya is poised to succeed in a ground up approach to boost food productivity. This is key to addressing food insecurity and feeding Kenya 2015 and beyond. This is the responsibility of national government through the ministry of Agriculture, livestock and fisheries and government through the County Agriculture docket. The arguments in this paper are informed by a number of secondary sources from which I gathered information. I have no doubt in my mind that this paper will allow the researcher to work with other global leaders in food security research to tackle one of the societal grand challenges of the 21st century: feeding a global population of 9 -10 billion people by 2015.</em>

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Journal articles on the topic 'Agriculture Kenya'

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