Academic literature on the topic 'Agriculture Linear programming. Agriculture Terrains'
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Journal articles on the topic "Agriculture Linear programming. Agriculture Terrains"
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Andreea, Ion Raluca, and Turek Rahoveanu Adrian. "Linear Programming in Agriculture." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 1, no. 1 (January 2012): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2012010105.
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In agriculture, the production structure of farms can be highly diversified to reduce risk and uncertainty related to unsealing the products. To determine the optimal structure of crops, different methods which take into account the income and expenditure of crops per hectare are used. As a result, the area of each crop is identified, so that, in combining them to derive maximum profit level. In this paper, linear programming method is used for optimizing profit, investigating whether, after applying the econometric model, the profit increased or not. The results show that profit rose to 143% and costs reduced to 81%.
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Lone, MA, MS Puktha, and SA Mir. "Fuzzy linear mathematical programming in agriculture." BIBECHANA 13 (December 3, 2015): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v13i0.13363.
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In this paper we present a Fuzzy linear Mathematical programming approach for optimal allocation of land under cultivation. Fuzzy Mathematical programming approach is more realistic and flexible optimal solution for the agricultural land cultivation problem. In this study we have discussed how to deal with decision making problems that are described by Fuzzy linear programming (Flp) models and formulated with the elements of uncertainty. This form of approximation can be convenient and sufficient for making good decisions. BIBECHANA 13 (2016) 72-76
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Butterworth, Keith. "Practical Application of Linear/Integer Programming in Agriculture." Journal of the Operational Research Society 36, no. 2 (February 1985): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2582501.
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Butterworth, Keith. "Practical Application of Linear/Integer Programming in Agriculture." Journal of the Operational Research Society 36, no. 2 (February 1985): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.1985.22.
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HOWES, RICHARD. "A TEST OF A LINEAR PROGRAMMING MODEL OF AGRICULTURE." Papers in Regional Science 19, no. 1 (January 14, 2005): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5597.1967.tb01374.x.
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Ward, James D., Peter J. Ward, Evangeline Mantzioris, and Christopher Saint. "Optimising diet decisions and urban agriculture using linear programming." Food Security 6, no. 5 (August 27, 2014): 701–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-014-0374-0.
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Prišenk, Jernej, Jernej Turk, Črtomir Rozman, Andreja Borec, Magdalena Zrakić, and Karmen Pažek. "Advantages of combining linear programming and weighted goal programming for agriculture application." Operational Research 14, no. 2 (June 25, 2014): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12351-014-0159-4.
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Janová, Jitka, and Pavla Ambrožová. "Optimization of production planning in Czech agricultural co-operative via linear programming." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 57, no. 6 (2009): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200957060099.
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The production planning is one of the key managerial decisions in agricultural business, which must be done periodically every year. Correct decision must cover the agriculture demands of planting the crops such as crop rotation restrictions or water resource scarcity, while the decision maker aims to plan the crop design in most profitable way in sense of maximizing the total profit from the crop yield. This decision problem represents the optimization of crop design and can be treated by the methods of linear programming which begun to be extensively used in agriculture production planning in USA during 50’s. There is ongoing research of mathematical programming applications in agriculture worldwide, but the results are not easily transferable to other localities due to the specific local restrictions in each country. In Czech Republic the farmers use for production planning mainly their expert knowledge and past experience. However, the mathematical programming approach enables find the true optimal solution of the problem, which especially in the problems with a great number of constraints is not easy to find intuitively. One of the possible barriers for using the general decision support systems (which are based on mathematical programming methods) for agriculture production planning in Czech Republic is its expensiveness. The small farmer can not afford to buy the expensive software or to employ a mathematical programming specialist. The aim of this paper is to present a user friendly linear programming model of the typical agricultural production planning problem in Czech Republic which can be solved via software tools commonly available in any farm (e.g. EXCEL). The linear programming model covering the restrictions on total costs, crop rotation, thresholds for the total area sowed by particular crops, total amount of manure and the need of feed crops is developed. The model is applied in real-world problem of Czech agriculture cooperative and the results of its solution are compared to the real decision made. The applicability of the model in every day agriculture managerial practice in Czech Republic is discussed and its possible enlargement is mentioned.
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Novkovic, Nebojsa, Sandor Somodji, and Milenko Matkovic. "Selection of agricultural land for multifunctional agriculture." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 4, no. 1-2 (July 30, 2010): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2010/1-2/6.
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The modern concept of rural development implies the use of agricultural resources, primarily agricultural land, for other (non-agricultural) activities besides its agricultural purpose. The integral aim of this concept of rural development is the maximization of economic results, besides the sustainable development of rural areas, environmental protection and the production of strategic (staple) agricultural products. The objective of this paper is to define the general, theoretical, quantitative model for the determination of the size and quality of agricultural land which, considering the above-mentioned demands (criteria), is optimal for the utilization in agricultural production in certain regions. The remaining agricultural land would be available for the non-agricultural purposes. The economic optimal model for the selection of agricultural land in the traditional agriculture is the model of linear programming. The criteria of the land selection for traditional agriculture are the economic effectiveness (measured by net income or by gross national product) and the economic efficiency (measured by the production economy). The maximum economic effectiveness is determined by the standard method of linear programming and the maximum economy by the method of broken linear programming. The solution of compromise can be determined by multi-criteria programming, based on the minimum differences. The limitation groups in the mentioned variations of the model are: limitations of production quotas of agricultural products, minimum quantities of staple agricultural products, limitations of processing plants in a region (minimum and maximum), limitation of crop rotation, limitations of the needs in animal husbandry for bulky for age and limitations of agricultural land according to various types of utilization. By quantitative defining of the structure and size of agricultural land for traditional agriculture, “the surplus” and structure of agricultural land available for non-agricultural purposes is automatically determined.
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Lone, M. A., S. A. Mir, and M. S. Wani. "An Integer solution in Intuitionistic Transportation Problem with Application in Agriculture." Oriental journal of computer science and technology 10, no. 1 (March 27, 2017): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojcst/10.01.03.
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In this paper, we investigate a Transportation problem which is a special kind of linear programming in which profits; supply and demands are considered as Intuitionistic triangular fuzzy numbers. The crisp values of these Intuitionistic triangular fuzzy numbers are obtained by defuzzifying them and the problem is formulated into linear programming problem. The solution of the formulated problem is obtained through LINGO software. If the obtained solution is non-integer then Branch and Bound method can be used to obtain an integer solution.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agriculture Linear programming. Agriculture Terrains"
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Finlayson, John David. "A linear programming study of the effects of climatic change on Scottish agriculture." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28015.
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Although these is considerable uncertainty in the literature about the effects of greenhouse gases on the climate there is little doubt that the composition of the atmosphere has changed in recent times. As a result of human activities the concentration of CO2 is likely to double from pre-industrial levels by the middle of next century and as a consequence, global temperatures are likely to rise. The potential importance of a change in the climate for the environment and agriculture and the complexity of the issues that are involved means that it is important to develop analytical tools to study this problem. The principal aim of the study is to evaluate the possible effects of a change in climate on the pattern, structure and viability of agriculture in Scotland. To address this objective it was necessary to evaluate the effects of climate change at a range of different levels of resolution. A linear programming model was developed that includes a large amount of biological, physical and economic detail. The models of crop growth (grass, grass/clover, swedes, potatoes, barley, vining peas, oilseed rape and wheat) account for variations in weather conditions, soil types, weeds, applications of nitrogen and pesticides, different planting dates and cropping rotations. The livestock operations that are modelled include sheep, dairy and beef fattening enterprises. In addition a considerable amount of effort was devoted to modelling variations in machinery requirements (and the sensitivity of these operations to climate) labour, buildings and finance. The inclusion of this information has allowed the types of adjustments that farmers may implement to be considered. The model is structured as a series of linked sub-problems where the most basic units are farms. In turn the interactions between farmers in terms of flows of intermediate goods, land and labour are considered at the regional and national level. While further developments to the model would allow the status of Scottish agriculture to be more accurately modelled the model in its current stage of development has allowed a realistic evaluation of the effects of climate change to be performed. The results of this study suggest that climate change will have a detrimental effect on Scottish agriculture, however, the effects of climate are likely to vary between the different farm types and regions. In general, cropping farms are likely to benefit from a change while the profitability of livestock farms, and sheep farms in particular, will decline.
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Sellen, Daniel Marc 1959. "A linear programming analysis of irrigated agriculture on the island of Santiago, Republic of Cape Verde." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277065.
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Agriculture in Cape Verde is severely constrained by a harsh physical environment, and large amounts of foreign aid are required to meet demand for food. Policy-makers believe that the development of irrigated farming offers the most potential for increasing food production, requiring a transition from the dominant irrigated crop, sugar cane, to food crops. Linear programming techniques are used to model a representative farm on the island of Santiago. Water constraints are varied parametrically, showing that revenues are extremely sensitive to frequency of irrigation, and that the dominance of low-profit crops is explained by unreliable and long watering intervals. The shift from cane to more profitable food crops will therefore require water reform aimed at increasing irrigation frequency and improving its reliability. Significant improvements in food production and farm incomes can be achieved even considering present supplies of water and land.
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Erickson, Jake. "Nutritional and Economic Analysis of Small-Scale Agriculture in Imbaburra, Ecuador." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1468.
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Nutritional and Economic Analysis of Small-Scale Agriculture in Imbabura, Ecuador Intervention projects in the developing world normally aim to satisfy either the nutritional needs of a group, or advancing the economic stability, but not both. One of the many issues that may arise by narrowly focusing and creating an aid program is that although a group may be fed, they are not equipped to mitigate risks that will arise after project completion and thus continue or revert back to a malnourished state. A bridge is required to join the economic and nutritional programs to create aid interventions that are sustainable past the point of donor separation.
This paper proposes the creation of a linear program model to assess the effectiveness and sustainability of such intervention programs.
Investigating the effects of merging economic and nutrition interventions as pursued in this report required the first step to be the creation of economic information for a typical small-scale farm. The region of Cochas, Imbabura, Ecuador was selected as the study area in which data would be collected for a representative sample of production and living circumstances of a poor, rural, and small-scale farmer.
A comprehensive set of estimated cost and return (enterprise) budgets for small-scale agricultural crops that could be grown by the representative farm family used in this analysis was developed. This was accomplished via data collected in rural Ecuador by Jake Erickson, a Master's student in the department of Applied Economics at Utah State University. Of the supervisory committee, daily interaction occurred with Dr. DeeVon Bailey, project supervisor, and Dr. Ruby Ward, linear program specialist, whom were crucial in project completion. Various scenarios of the linear program were run with variations to the selection of nutritional requirements, off-farm income, and allowing food purchases off the family farm. Each of these scenarios was pursued as they mimic circumstances in which families may struggle to exist within the developing world. The results of each run are compared across the set of results to help understand what assumptions need to exist to validate an intervention's approach to improving the standard of living or nutrition of the world's poor, rural, small-scale farmers.
This model is a preliminary attempt at assessing the sustainability of merging common intervention approaches and it should be recognized that further development is needed to create a more encompassing model. Utilizing enterprise budgets, a linear programming model, and nutritional information, such as is done in this study, can help in planning rural development interventions as the income maximization and least-cost diet models are integrated into one within the resource and management constraints of the representative small-scale farm.
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Oliveira, Renato Alves de. "Planejamento da conversão do café convencional para o orgânico: um estudo de caso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-25042012-152531/.
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A Agricultura Orgânica oferece, ao mercado consumidor, produtos isentos de agentes químicos. Os produtores que fazem uso do sistema convencional e estiverem interessados em adotar a tecnologia orgânica de produção deverão se credenciar junto ao Ministério da Agricultura através de uma certificadora de produtos orgânicos. A certificação pode ser por auditoria ou participativa, mas para recebê-la o agropecuarista deve seguir as normas e procedimentos estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira de produtos orgânicos. Um dos procedimentos é o processo de conversão ou transição, pelo qual a atividade agrícola em manejo convencional muda para o manejo orgânico. O tempo de transição pode variar de 12 a 18 meses, no mínimo, de acordo com a espécie vegetal ou animal e pelo histórico da unidade produtiva. No caso do café, a conversão do sistema convencional para o orgânico pode trazer consigo, entre outros benefícios, a independência de insumos externos, menor risco para a saúde e pode proporcionar maior lucro ao produtor. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo desenvolver um planejamento de produção do café para o processo de conversão da técnica convencional para a orgânica no Sítio Terra Verde em Espírito Santo do Pinhal no estado de São Paulo. Utilizou-se a metodologia de programação linear para maximizar o lucro e minimizar o custo de produção do café em seis cenários. O plano de conversão foi de oito anos, respeitando a bienalidade do cafeeiro, passando por três fases de manejo: substituição de insumos, conversão e produção orgânica. Foram realizadas três análises sobre o planejamento de conversão. Os resultados da primeira análise mostraram que a adoção da técnica orgânica proporcionou ao cafeicultor lucros superiores aos do sistema convencional no final do período de conversão, quando ocorre aumento sobre o preço da saca. Os cenários da segunda análise identificaram uma situação de prejuízo ao cafeicultor no 4º ano do planejamento e uma condição econômica desvantajosa em relação ao sistema convencional, pois o lucro geral foi inferior, devido à redução da produtividade até o final da conversão. A terceira análise apresentou uma situação em que o produtor não recebe o incremento sobre o preço da saca de café quando em manejo orgânico, o que levou à obtenção de resultado desvantajoso ao produtor, no qual o lucro geral do sistema orgânico foi muito baixo em relação ao do sistema convencional. Conclui-se que especificamente para o Sítio Terra Verde, pode ser economicamente viável a adoção da produção orgânica na cultura do café, mas é com extrema dependência do diferencial do preço entre os sistemas convencional e orgânico.Organic agriculture offers products to the consumer market free of chemicals. Producers who use the conventional system and are interested in adopting organic production technology must be certified by the Ministry of Agriculture through a certification of organic products. Certification may be obtained by auditing or participatory, but in order to receive it, the rural producers must follow the rules and procedures established by the Brazilian laws for organic products. One example is the process of conversion or transition, through which the agricultural activity is converted from conventional farming to the organic one. The transition time may vary from 12 to 18 months, at least, according to the vegetal or animal species and the farm history. In the case of coffee, the conversion from conventional to the organic system can bring some benefits, for example, the independence of external inputs, risk lower to health and can provide more profit to the producer. Thus, this research aims carry out a coffee a plan of partial conversion to organic production technology for a rural property called Sítio Terra Verde at Espírito Santo do Pinhal, São Paulo State, which uses the conventional system. It was used linear programming to maximize profit and minimize costs of coffee production in six scenarios. The conversion planning was established to occur in eight years, respecting the twice yearly harvesting, with three stages: input substitution, conversion and organic production. Were held three analysis on the conversion plan. The results of the first analysis showed that the adoption of organic technique provided greater profits for the producers than the conventional system at the end of the conversion period, when the coffee bag\'s price raises. The second analysis scenarios identified a prejudice situation for the producer in the 4th year of planning and a disadvantage economic condition compared to the conventional system, because the overall profit was lower due to the reduction in productivity by the end of conversion time. The third analysis showed a situation where the producer does not receive a higher price due to the organic management, with a disadvantageous result for the producer, since the overall profit of the organic system was much lower compared to the conventional system. It was concluded that specifically for Sítio Terra Verde the adoption of organic management for the coffee farming can be economically viable, but it is extremely dependent on price differential between conventional and organic systems.
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Halili, Rushan. "Methods for Evaluating Agricultural Enterprises in the Framework of Uncertainty Facing Tobacco Producing Regions of Virginia." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1999. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02082000-10550006.
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Deus, Carlos da Conceição. "Os sistemas de agricultura familiar de Timor-Leste: uma abordagem com foco no bem-estar dos produtores." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/27856.
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A agricultura em Timor-Leste é de natureza familiar e um modo de vida para as
populações rurais que são a maior parte da população. O objectivo deste trabalho é medir
o bem-estar dos agregados familiares tendo como principal indicador o rendimento
disponível, com base em actividades produtivas, reprodutivas e comunitárias, as quais são
centrais à organização e funcionamento das comunidades rurais timorenses. A
metodologia utilizada para representar o funcionamento dos agregados familiares é a
programação linear etnográfica (PLE), o que representa do ponto de vista científico um
contributo importante na investigação dos sistemas de agricultura familiar e do bem-estar
dos produtores em Timor Leste. A PLE permite testar políticas, tecnologias, alterações
reprodutivas e mudanças das normas sociais comunitárias, explorar os respectivos
resultados e prever as consequências para o futuro dos agregados familiares e das
comunidades rurais. Os resultados mostram que os agregados familiares com explorações
agrícolas de pequena e, nalguns casos também as de média dimensão, nas condições
actuais, não geram rendimento suficiente para níveis de consumo e bem-estar acima da
linha da pobreza. As alternativas de política de transferência tecnológica, assim como o
excedente da mão-de-obra masculina em trabalho fora da exploração, são insuficientes
para guindar as explorações de pequena dimensão a ultrapassar a linha da pobreza. Outras
alternativas, como o apoio directo ao rendimento são possíveis, mas dependem dos
recursos disponíveis para a sua implementação enquanto, a médio e longo prazo, o
aumento da área das explorações, afigura-se uma opção mais válida para quebrar o ciclo
vicioso da pobreza. Mas esta última alternativa, requer uma formulação de política
fundiária que tenha em conta todas especificidades socio-étnico-culturais dos agregados
rurais timorenses; ABSTRACT: Agriculture in Timor-Leste is family-based and a way of life for the rural population who
are the majority of the population. The objective of this work is to measure the well-being
using as main indicator the disposable income, taking into account not only productive
activities but also reproductive and community activities, which are central to the
organization and functioning of East Timorese rural communities.
The methodology used to represent the functioning of households is linear ethnographic
programming (PLE), which represents from the scientific point of view an important
contribution in the investigation of family farming systems and the welfare of producers
in East Timor. The PLE models allow us to test policies, technologies, reproductive
changes and changes in community social norms, explore their results and predict the
consequences for the future of households and rural communities. The results show that
households with small farms, and in some cases also medium-sized ones, under current
conditions do not generate sufficient income for levels of consumption and well-being
above the poverty line. Technological transfer policy alternative, as well as off-farm work
of the male labor surplus, are insufficient to drive small farms beyond the poverty line.
Other alternatives, such as direct income support, are possible but depend on the resources
available for their implementation, while in the medium and long term the increase in
holdings area is a more valid option to break the vicious cycle of poverty. But the latter
alternative requires a land policy formulation that takes into account all socio-ethniccultural
specificities of Timor-Leste rural households.
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Aouadi, Nawel. "Evaluation ex ante des conséquences de l'adoption de la production intégrée en grandes cultures à l'échelle de la Bourgogne." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOS064/document.
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L’agriculture française est soumise à de fortes pressions. Elle subit une injonction forte à évoluer vers l’agroécologie, à adopter les principes de la production intégrée, à réduire l’usage de pesticides. Dans ces conditions, une transition vers des systèmes agricoles plus respectueux de l’environnement ne doit pas dégrader la compétitivité des exploitations et le revenu des agriculteurs.Le travail présenté ici a pour ambition de contribuer à la réflexion sur les possibilités de changer les modèles d’agriculture. L’objectif est d’évaluer les conséquences économiques et environnementales d’une adoption généralisée des principes de protection intégrée sur une région agricole en fonction de la diversité des situations de production. La Région Bourgogne est retenue dans le cadre de ce travail. Elle dispose de ressources expérimentales en production intégrée grâce à l’investissement historique de la recherche, du développement et de l’enseignement agricole dans cette région. Par ailleurs, la Bourgogne présente un bon compromis entre la diversité de ses situations de production en grandes cultures et le nombre de situations contrastées à considérer pour rendre compte de l’ensemble du territoire. Dans un premier temps, nous avons caractérisé la diversité des situations de production de la Bourgogne et la diversité des systèmes de culture, et nous avons étudié comment les systèmes de culture sont déterminés par les situations de production. Puis nous avons mis en place une méthode pour générer des systèmes de culture optimisés sur le plan économique dans le cadre des contraintes locales et des principes de protection intégrée. Cette méthode mobilise la programmation linéaire sous contrainte, mise en œuvre avec le logiciel GAMS. Elle a été testée pour deux situations de production contrastées de la Bourgogne, correspondant aux zones de plaines sans élevage et aux plateaux argilo-calcaires superficiels. Nous avons évalué les systèmes de culture simulés pour un ensemble de critères de la durabilité économique, sociale et environnementale. Nous les avons comparés aux performances des systèmes actuels dans ces milieux.Les résultats confirment que les systèmes de culture optimisés avec les principes de la protection intégrée sont différents en fonction du contexte de production. La performance économique est plutôt améliorée par rapport aux systèmes actuels dans la situation à fort potentiel, alors qu’elle est dégradée sur les sols de plateaux. Tous les indicateurs environnementaux considérés sont améliorés dans les deux types de milieu. Le travail permet d’identifier certains inconvénients de la protection intégrée, liés à l’augmentation de la charge de travail et à la complexité de gestion des systèmes.Avec les résultats obtenus et les méthodes proposées, le travail alimente les débats sur la durabilité des systèmes agricoles dans le domaine des grandes culturesThe agriculture in France is under intense pressure. Farmers are asked to change their crop management, to evolve toward agroecology, to follow the principles of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and to reduce pesticide use. However such an evolution toward an alternative agricultural model will be possible only if innovative cropping systems are able to maintain competitive and profitable farms.The aim of our work is to contribute to the debates about this issue, by evaluating ex ante the potential consequences of adopting the principles of IPM over one whole agricultural region, taking into account the diversity of production situations within this region. We considered the Burgundy region for several reasons. This region has many experimental resources and available expertise on IPM. This agricultural area also has few but contrasted production situations. Both economic and environmental issues were considered.First, we studied the diversity of production situations and of cropping systems in the area, based on agricultural data sets, and we showed to what extent cropping systems are determined by the context. Then we developed a method to design fictive cropping systems, based on the optimisation of profitability while fulfilling the principles of IPM, and considering the constraints of the production situation. We used the GAMS software to implement this method based on linear programming. The method was tested on two contrasted production situations, namely the lowlands with high agricultural potential and no livestock, and the shallow soils of the plateau. We evaluated the generated cropping systems for a range of criteria covering different issues of sustainability, and we compared the performances to those of current cropping systems in these areas.Results corroborated that IPM-based cropping systems would be different in contrasted production situations. Profitability would be improved in the lowlands with high agricultural potential, whereas it would be negatively affected in the shallow soils of the uplands. All the environmental indicators that we used would be improved in both situations. Our work identified hindrances for the development of IPM, related for example to the increase in the workload at the farm level, and the increase in the system complexity.Both methods that we developed and the results we obtained should contribute to the current debates about the possible transition of arable cropping toward sustainability
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Krause, Michael. "Economic potential and sectoral impacts of forest-based climate change mitigation." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17220.
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Die vermiedene tropische Entwaldung und zusätzliche Aufforstungen sind von zentraler Bedeutung für die Klimawandelvermeidung, üben aber zusätzlichen Druck auf die globalen Landressourcen zur Produktion von Nahrungsgütern, Futtermittel, Fasern, Bioenergie und Rundholz dar. Die Ziele der Studie beziehen sich auf die Analyse der Verzichtskosten in der Land- und Forstwirtschaft sowie das Potential zur Klimawandelvermeidung in globalen Wäldern durch normative und marktbasierte Klimaschutzprogramme. Das globale ökonomische Landnutzungsmodell ''Model of Agricultural Production and its Impact on the Environment'' (MAgPIE) wurde um eine konsistente Landnutzungsdatenbank und den Forstsektor erweitert. Es simuliert die räumlich-explizite Landnutzung und deren Änderungen während die Kosten land- und forstwirtschaftlicher Produktion unter gegebener Nachfrage nach Gütern geschätzt werden. Szenarien zu Klimaschutzmaßnahmen werden verglichen mit Referenzszenarien über Zeithorizonte bis zum Jahr 2100. Die Ergebnisse verweisen auf ein begrenztes Mitigationspotential normativen tropischen Waldschutzes zu geringen zusätzlichen Kosten in der Landwirtschaft. Lateinamerika profitiert von ausreichenden Landreserven und geringem Anstieg in der Güternachfrage und geringer Referenzentwaldung. Die Verlagerung von Emissionen durch regionalen Waldschutz hat Auswirkungen auf die sektoralen Produktionskosten und verringert das globale ökonomische Potential. Die Schlussfolgerungen betreffen 1) den Bedarf an substantieller Ertragssteigerung in Sub-Sahara Afrika als Voraussetzung für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung vermiedener Entwaldung, 2) die erhöhte Gefahr der Verlagerung von Emissionen aus Entwaldung durch die Umsetzung regionaler Klimaschutzprogramme und der Liberalisierung des Holzhandels, 3) das hohe ökonomische Potential integrierter Klimaschutzprogramme zu moderaten Verzichtskosten, sowie 4) die Notwendigkeit zusätzlicher Forschung bezüglich der Unsicherheiten in Parametern und Modellprozessen.Avoiding tropical deforestation and additional afforestation are of primary importance for climate change mitigation but exert additional pressure on global land resources for the production of food, feed, fibre, bioenergy and timber. The study objectives relate to the analysis of the foregone economic benefits, the opportunity costs, in agriculture and forestry and the climate change mitigation potential of global forests in normative and market-based programmes. The global economic ‘Model of Agricultural Production and its Impact on the Environment'' (MAgPIE) has been extended by a consistent land use database and the forestry sector. It simulates spatially-explicit land use and land use changes while estimating the costs of production in agriculture and forestry to satisfy a prescribed demand. Climate change mitigation scenarios are contrasted to baselines for time horizons up to the year 2100. The results show the limited mitigation potential of normative forest conservation in tropical regions at low additional costs in agriculture. Latin America benefits from sufficient land endowments and low increases in crop demand leading to relatively low baseline deforestation. The displacement of carbon emissions between regions impacts the regional agriculture and forestry production costs and reduces the global economic potential. The conclusions pertain to the 1) need for high rates of yield increase in Sub-Saharan Africa as a precondition for successfully avoided deforestation, 2) increased threat of regional carbon emission leakage from implementing mitigation programmes and liberalized trade of timber, 3) high economic potential of climate change mitigation from integrating afforestation and avoided deforestation at moderate costs, and 4) additional research needs to account for significant uncertainties from growth and cost parameters and model processes.
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Addo, Majid Kwabena. "Effects of government programmes on sustainable agriculture in the Peace River region of British Columbia : a linear programming analysis." Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/3267.
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Land is an essential resource for most types of agricultural production. Its continued productivity forms a significant part of the deliberations about sustainable agriculture. While discussing sustainable agriculture, this thesis focuses on government agricultural programmes that have influenced agricultural land use in the Peace River region of British Columbia. The general aim is to point out the relevant programmes that impede sustainability of agriculture.
We assume that farmers are continually making decisions about the optimal allocation of land so as to maximise present value of net farm incomes. A linear programme (LP) is one of the techniques of mathematical programming that can be used to maximise farm incomes. It is this technique that we employed to analyze effects of government agricultural programmes on land use as it pertains to crop and forage production in the Peace River region, where for ages are assumed to be a derived demand for livestock production.Cultivation practices of summerfallow and continuous cropping are examined.
Parametric linear programming (PLP) is subsequently used to analyze other optimal land use scenarios by varying the LP's objective function coefficients. As well, other cases including the elimination or halving of government subsidies are also simulated and discussed. Furthermore, an attempt was made to simulate two other scenarios that deal with the removal of grains and summerfallow from lower quality land. The region's soilerosion problem was also simulated.
It was found, among other things, that four government agricultural programmes--Western Grain Stabilization Act, Special Canadian Grain Programme, Crop Insurance and Chemical Rebates--encouraged cultivation of marginal lands, which are more susceptible to erosion. For example, some 26% (comprising wheat and summerfallow) of the total farm acreage occurred on classes 4and 5 land. Consequently, these programmes, as presently constituted, adversely impact on Peace River region's sustainable agriculture.
Cultivation of grains on only good quality lands resulted in a significant reduction of summerfallow and more intensive cropping, which will lead to less soil degradation in the region. This alternative programme also was observed to increase a farmer's income by about 4%, which can add a total of over $259,000 to the region's economy. As well, it can increase pasture to feed more than 15,600 beef cows, which will be a boon to the livestock industry in the region.
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Cabrera, Arthur Raymond. "Land Use Change and Economic Opportunity in Amazonia: An Agent-based Model." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4677.
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Economic changes such as rising açaí prices and the availability of off-farm employment are transforming the landscape of the Amazonian várzea, subject to decision-making at the farming household level. Land use change results from complex human-environment interactions which can be addressed by an agent-based model. An agent-based model is a simulation model composed of autonomous interacting entities known as agents, built from the bottom-up. Coupled with cellular automata, which forms the agents’ environment, agent-based models are becoming an important tool of land use science, complementing traditional methods of induction and deduction. The decision-making methods employed by agent-based models in recent years have included optimization, imitation, heuristics, classifier systems and genetic algorithms, among others, but multiple methods have rarely been comparatively analyzed. A modular agent-based model is designed to allow the researcher to substitute alternative decision-making methods. For a smallholder farming community in Marajó Island near Ponta de Pedras, Pará, Brazil, 21 households are simulated over a 40-year period. In three major scenarios of increasing complexity, these households first face an environment where goods sell at a constant price throughout the simulated period and there are no outside employment opportunities. This is followed by a scenario of variable prices based on empirical data. The third scenario combines variable prices with limited employment opportunities, creating multi-sited households as members emigrate. In each scenario, populations of optimizing agents and heuristic agents are analyzed in parallel. While optimizing agents allocate land cells to maximize revenue using linear programming, fast and frugal heuristic agents use decision trees to quickly pare down feasible solutions and probabilistically select between alternatives weighted by expected revenue. Using distributed computing, the model is run through several parameter sweeps and results are recorded to a cenral database. Land use trajectories and sensitivity analyses highlight the relative biases of each decision-making method and illustrate cases where alternative methods lead to significantly divergent outcomes. A hybrid approach is recommended, employing alternative decision-making methods in parallel to illustrate inefficiencies exogenous and endogenous to the decision-maker, or allowing agents to select among multiple methods to mitigate bias and best represent their real-world analogues.
Books on the topic "Agriculture Linear programming. Agriculture Terrains"
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1942-, Norton Roger D., ed. Mathematical programming for economic analysis in agriculture. New York: Macmillan, 1986.
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Hazell, Peter. Mathematical programming for economic analysis in agriculture. New York: Macmillan, 1986.
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Hazell, Peter. Mathematical programming for economic analysis in agriculture. New York: Macmillan, 1986.
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Bai︠a︡linov, Ė. B. Optimizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ planirovanii︠a︡ agropromyshlennogo proizvodstva v regione. Bishkek: Ilim, 1991.
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Asamenew, G. Resource allocation for small scale farmers of the star grass zone in Embu District, Kenya: A linear programming approach. Nairobi, Kenya: Institute for Development Studies, University of Nairobi, 1985.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Agriculture Linear programming. Agriculture Terrains"
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Lechuga, Gilberto Pérez, Otilio A. Acevedo Sandoval, Karla N. Madrid Fernández, and Raúl Román Aguilar. "A Model for Planning the Sowing of Agricultural Crops and Raising Animals Through Two-Stage Mathematical Programming." In Handbook of Research on Smart Computing for Renewable Energy and Agro-Engineering, 377–422. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1216-6.ch016.
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In this chapter, the authors present a mathematical model to calculate the exact quantities of animals that must compose a herd given the water, food, and land conditions available for their breeding. In the same model, the optimal calculation of vegetables that can be cultivated in the available land spaces is incorporated considering the same restrictions of water, nutrients, and area available for planting. Both models focus primarily from a deterministic perspective. Subsequently, the randomness of the same is uncovered through the uncertainty in the availability of water. Therefore, the first part of the proposal is made through a simple model of linear mathematical programming. The stochastic model is constructed from a two-phase mathematical programming model. The novelty of the proposal and its contribution consists of illustrating, step by step, the construction and solution of the scenarios of the stochastic model for a problem related to agriculture and animal husbandry.
Conference papers on the topic "Agriculture Linear programming. Agriculture Terrains"
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Jarernsuk, Saran, and Busaba Phruksaphanrat. "Supply Chain for Perishable Agriculture Products by Possibilistic Linear Programming." In 2019 IEEE 6th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications (ICIEA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iea.2019.8715221.
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Patrizia Busato and Remigio Berruto. "Combined Use of Simulation Modeling and Linear Programming for Logistic Design of the Slurry Distribution Systems." In 7th World Congress on Computers in Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 22-24 June 2009, Reno, Nevada. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.29061.
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A Ahmadi and P H Robinson. "The Linear Programming Module of CAPRICORN Package: A Windows Program for Formulating and Evaluating Rations for Goats." In 7th World Congress on Computers in Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 22-24 June 2009, Reno, Nevada. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.29092.
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