Academic literature on the topic 'Agro-pastoralism'
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Journal articles on the topic "Agro-pastoralism"
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Chang, Claudia. "Models for iron age agriculture and pastoralism in Kazakhstan." Journal of Historical Archaeology & Anthropological Sciences 7, no. 2 (July 12, 2022): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jhaas.2022.07.00254.
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During the first millennium BCE the Saka (eastern variants of the Scythians) have been characterized as early nomadic confederacies or states. Recently there has been considerable discussion about the role of agro pastoralism in Eurasian prehistory, especially during the Bronze and Iron Ages (ca. 2500 BCE to 400/500 CE).1-4 The term of agro pastoralism has become so widespread in archaeological literature as a catch-all term that the variations within and between dual economic systems of agriculture and mobile pastoralism have become obscured. In this brief essay I wish to discuss the ways in which agriculture articulated with pastoralism in ancient Iron Age cultures of Eurasia. While the assumption is that agro pastoralism represents a mutually symbiotic relationship between crop cultivation and grazing of herd animals, this may not always be the case. Furthermore, herders may belong not only to different occupational classes than farmers, but they often may represent different ethnic groups separate from farmers.5 An example of this, might be the Andronovo herdsmen of Ojakly, who lived apart from the Bactrian-Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC) urban dwellers of Gonur Depe during the Bronze Age in the second millennium BCE.6,7
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Rai, Indra Mani. "A crisis of moral ecology: Magar agro-pastoralism in Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, Nepal." PARKS, no. 30.1 (May 2024): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/lcxc2811.
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Prior political ecology studies have explored the vulnerability of pastoralism and conflicts between protected areas and pastoralist livelihoods. Some conservation regimes regard Indigenous pastoralists’ institutions, knowledge, self-governance and self-determination as incompatible with contemporary conservation on the grounds that the associated practices are unsustainable. Based on critical ethnography, this paper examines the moral ecology of Indigenous Magar agro-pastoralism in the Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve of mid-western Nepal. Traditional Magar management is in crisis due to reserve policies and practices. From a political ecology perspective, I show that the traditional moral ecology of agro-pastoralism sustains complex relationships with the rangelands. Traditional institutions uphold a moral ecology that is deeply rooted in spiritual practices and fosters a sense of responsibility for the preservation of biodiversity and nature. Current conservation policies inadequately recognise these Indigenous moral principles and weaken harmonious socio-ecological relations. In order to manage protected areas sustainably in high-altitude regions, it is crucial to manage agro-pastoralism within the framework of traditional moral ecology through Indigenous peoples’ self-governance and self-determination.
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Hessa, Célestin Cokou, Yaya Idrissou, Alassan Seidou Assani, Hilaire Sorébou Sanni Worogo, Brice Gérard Comlan Assogba, and Ibrahim Alkoiret Traore. "Quantification des stocks de carbone dans des systèmes agro-sylvopastoraux et sylvopastoraux de deux zones agroécologiques du Bénin." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 17, no. 6 (January 18, 2024): 2225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.8.
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Dans de nombreux pays, les pratiques agroforestières ont été proposées pour lutter contre la dégradation des terres et le changement climatique. Parmi ces pratiques figure l’agro-sylvo-pastoralisme et le sylvopastoralisme qui constituent des puits de carbone (C). Cependant, des informations sont rares sur le potentiel de puits de C de ces pratiques au Bénin. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer le stock de C de ces deux pratiques agroforestières avec chacune deux variantes : petit agro-sylvo-pastoralisme (PAS), petit sylvopastoralismes (PSV), grand sylvopastoralisme (GSV), et grand agro-sylvo-pastoralisme (GAS). Les données collectées ont été des dendrométriques, des échantillons de litière, herbacées, culture et sol. Les résultats ont révélé que quel que soit le type d’élevage considéré, le sol et les arbres constituaient les plus grands réservoirs de C. Le stock total de C a significativement varié (p˂0,05) d’un type d’élevage à l’autre. Ainsi, les stocks totaux de C ont été de 73,34 t C/ha ; 62,52 t C/ha ; 50.89 t C/ha et 49,94 t C/ha respectivement pour les types GAS, GSV, PAS et PSV. Ces résultats montrent la contribution considérable de ces pratiques dans la séquestration du carbone au Bénin. Ainsi ces pratiques doivent être vulgariser dans tout le pays.
In many countries, agroforestry practices have been proposed to address land degradation and climate change. These practices include agro-silvo-pastoralism and silvo-pastoralism. Among these practices are agro-silvo-pastoralism and silvo-pastoralism which constitute carbon sinks (C). However, information is scarce on the C sink potential of these practices in Benin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stock of C of two agroforestry practices with each two variants: small agro-silvo-pastoralism (PAS), small silvo-pastoralism (PSV), large silvo-pastoralism (GSV), and finally large agro-silvo-pastoralism (GAS). To achieve this aim, dendrometric data, litter, herbaceous, crop, and soil samples were collected. The results revealed that regardless of the type of livestock considered, the soil and the trees constituted the largest reservoirs of C while the litter constituted the weakest reservoir. The total stock of C varied significantly (p˂0.05) from one type of farm to another. Thus, the total C stocks were 73.34 t C/ha; 62.52 t C/ha; 50.89 t C/ha and 49.94 t C/ha respectively for the GAS, GSV, PAS, and PSV types. These results show the considerable contribution of these systems in carbon sequestration in Benin. Thus, these practices must be popularized throughout the country.
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Bilali, Hamid El, Lawali Dambo, Jacques Nanema, Imaël Henri Nestor Bassole, and Generosa Calabrese. "Biodiversity-pastoralism nexus in West Africa." AIMS Agriculture and Food 7, no. 1 (2022): 73–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2022005.
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<abstract> <p>Biodiversity loss is a pressing challenge. This is particularly so in regions where the pressure on ecosystems is high such as in the Sahel region. This pressure is due, inter alia, to different land uses such as pastoralism. In this context, the present systematic review analyses the state of research on the nexus between pastoralism and biodiversity in West Africa. In particular, it explores the relationships between pastoralism (cf. agro-pastoralism, sylvo-pastoralism, agro-sylvo-pastoralism), on the one hand, and plant diversity, animal diversity, and ecosystem diversity, on the other hand. The paper also analyses the bibliometrics of the research field. A search performed in March 2021 on the Web of Science yielded 205 documents and 73 of them were included in the systematic review. The bibliometric analysis suggests an increasing interest in the research field, especially in Burkina Faso and Benin, but also the weakness of the domestic research system as a large share of the selected documents is authored by researchers based outside West Africa. In general, the scholarly literature shows a negative impact of pastoralism on plant diversity (cf. richness, abundance, composition) and animal diversity (cf. wild herbivorous mammals, predators, birds, insects) in West Africa. However, the literature analysis suggests that the effects of pastoralism are rather mixed. They are context-specific and depend on many factors such as grazing intensity and livestock species. The effects on plant diversity differ between woody (trees and shrubs) and herbaceous species. There is a general trend towards the erosion of indigenous livestock genetic diversity due to uncontrolled mating and cross-breeding. The impacts of pastoralism on ecosystem diversity are mainly due to changes in land use and habitat fragmentation. Further multi-country, comparative studies are needed to better qualify the interactions, complementarities and possible conflicts between the different pastoralism-related land uses and biodiversity conservation in West Africa.</p> </abstract>
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Ibrahim, Issak Gababa, Stephen Laititi Mutunga, and Martin Koome. "How Access to Credit Facilities Affects Youth Participation in Agro- Pastoralism in Mandera County, Kenya." International Journal of Professional Practice 12, no. 2 (May 2, 2024): 86–98. https://doi.org/10.71274/ijpp.v12i2.359.
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Credit facilities drive economic development in most sectors of the economy. However, due to the uncertainty of weather and other risks, agricultural sector has been disadvantaged in terms of access to credit. Access to credit, particularly by youth who lack a steady source of income is even more challenging since they are considered high risk borrowers by financial institutions. This study sought to establish factors that influence access to credit by youth in Mandera County. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design, and as was guided by Push and Pull theory. The target population was 2900 youth registered in youth groups in Mandera County. A sample size of 351respondents was obtained from the 145 registered youth groups through purposive sampling technique. Structured questionnaires were distributed to the respondents through drop and pick method were used to collect data. The questionnaire was tested for face and content validity during piloting in the neighboring county of Wajir. Reliability was assessed and a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.77 was realized. Results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Regression analysis was carried out and results for F-tests and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence generated. The null hypothesis for credit access was rejected (β=0.273, P=0.000)). This meant that lack of credit access had a significant effect on youth engagement in agro pastoralism. Further, a positive and significant correlation between credit access by youth (or lack of it) and their engagement in agro pastoralism was reported (r=0. 541, p=0.000). It was concluded that credit access was critical to adoption of agro pastoralism by youth in Mandera County. The study recommended that the county government of Mandera creates an enabling environment to encourage more participation of youth in agro pastoralism, and to work out modalities of easing restrictions to credit access.
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Oywaya-Nkurumwa, Agnes, John Gowland Mwangi, and Nephat N. J. Kathuri. "A GENDER-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES AMONG MAASAI AGRO-PASTORALISTS." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 32, no. 1 (July 5, 2011): 98–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/11.32.98.
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The Maasai like many pastoralists around the world have in recent years been forced to seek alternative livelihoods as pastoralism becomes untenable due to climate change and population pressures. Agro-pastoralism is one of the alternatives being pursued, but there are associated challenges mainly due to the Maasai people’s lack of indigenous technical knowledge on crop farming, and negative cultural attitudes to the practice. Agricultural extension services have a crucial role to play as the major providers of necessary technical knowledge on crop cultivation. The purpose of this gender-based study was to investigate the role of government extension services among Maasai agro-pastoralists as a source of influence and information on crop cultivation. The study also sought to determine the type and frequency of extension contact that the agro-pastoralists receive. The study adopted a survey research design and was carried out in Narok North District of Kenya, using a sample of 153 male and 87 female household heads, who were selected either through multi-stage cluster sampling or systematic sampling. Agricultural extension workers and key informants also provided data for triangulation purposes. The findings indicated the respondents had low contact with agricultural extension service, with 55.6% of male respondents and 66.7% female respondents reporting having had no contact at all. Informal sources comprising of relatives, friends and neighbours were the leading source of influence to grow crops as well as the leading source of technical information on crop farming for most of them, more so for the female respondents. The frequency of extension contact was generally low, with 50% of male respondents and 64.3% of female respondents reporting a frequency of three times or less over the past two years. Fifty-one percent of male respondents and 53% of female respondents rated the information they received as inadequate. For the female respondents, the leading types of extension contact were farm and home visits and seminars as well as seminars. For the male respondents, the leading extension type was a combination of different extension methods including farm and home visits, field days, demonstrations, seminars and office visits. The study findings clearly indicated the inadequacy of the extension services provided for the Maasai agro-pastoralists. The study therefore concluded that there was need to strengthen agricultural extension services among them in order to facilitate successful livelihood diversification and promote food security and livelihoods. Key words: agricultural extension, agro-pastoralism, alternative livelihoods, Maasai, pastoralism.
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Bass, Bryon. "Early Neolithic communities in southern Dalmatia: Farming seafarers or seafaring farmers?" European Journal of Archaeology 11, no. 2-3 (2008): 245–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461957109106376.
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Palaeoenvironmental data and vegetation histories derived from local datasets are examined in the light of Early Neolithic agro-pastoral activities and resource exploitation in the southeastern Adriatic Sea. Palynological evidence is summarized from three locations within the study area and compared to contemporaneous archaeological evidence. Coastal marine archaeological assemblages in the study area indicate that Early Neolithic inhabitants expended significant energy on terrestrial and marine hunting and gathering, and long distance maritime travel, well after the regional introduction of agro-pastoralism.
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Forbes, Hamish. "The Identification of pastoralist sites Within the context of estate-based agriculture in ancient Greece: beyond the ‘Transhumance versus agro-pastoralism’ debate." Annual of the British School at Athens 90 (November 1995): 325–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400016233.
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The present ‘transhumance versus agro-pastoralism’ debate is here set within the context of a broadly based anthropological approach to pastoralism. Certain constant features of the relationship of pastoralists to their landscape are identifiable, although many aspects of pastoral strategies are variable over time and space and across socio-economic groups. The control of much of the pastoral exploitation of the landscape in antiquity by wealthy estate owners is one important difference from the present day. The resulting observations are applied to the archaeological record of isolated rural sites now widely known from surface survey projects. It is argued that the tendency to assume that pastoralists are archaeologically invisible has meant that these very visible sites have been ignored as possible pastoral bases. The location of a number of these sites suggests that pastoralism was a major element in the activities focused on them in antiquity.
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Joshi, Harshita, Subrat Sharma, and Prachi Joshi. "Sustainability of Agro-pastoralism in Highlands of the Trans-Himalaya: Transformation in 200 Years." Current Agriculture Research Journal 12, no. 3 (January 15, 2025): 1387–401. https://doi.org/10.12944/carj.12.3.30.
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Being located in the historical silk trade route of Central Asia, the agro-pastoral practices in combination with trade and commerce have been an age-old unique feature in the trans-Himalayan landscape of Ladakh. Agriculture in Ladakh, “the cold desert”, differs from the mainstream Himalayan regions in having almost no forest support and severe climatic constraints which allow cultivation only in irrigated fields during summer months. Based on the secondary literature and field-based ground truthing through repeated surveys, this study gives an overview of the (i) main features of traditional agro-pastoral system of Ladakh, (ii) environmental constraints, and (iii) transformation in practices due to socio-political changes. The agro-pastoralism in Ladakh includes the (i) cultivation of a mix of agronomic (barley, wheat, pea), horticultural (apple, apricot) and fodder crops (alfalfa) in irrigated field using glacial melt water and underground channels in lower areas (2700-3500 m asl) during summer months, and (ii) pastoralism in higher areas (above 3500 m asl). The local communities use animal dung, human faeces and leaves to prepare manure to fertilize crop field soil. The frequent conflicts and wars, rapid increase in tourism, introduction of Public Distribution System (PDS), and formation of Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council (LAHDC), Leh have substantially affected agro-pastoral system of Ladakh and the age-old culture based on community-level cooperation and reciprocity. The external changes include the development of army-based settlements and infrastructures, strengthening of transportation facilities, transition from traditional to cash crop cultivation, collapse of trade, shrinkage of Changpas’ pastures, and shifts of salt collection from Tibetan lakes to Tso Moriri lakes. The tourism (since 1974) has transformed the primary sector-based economy (the contribution of primary sector being 84.65%) into the one dominated by tertiary sector (the contribution of tertiary sector being 71.02%) within a few decades. Concurrently, the PDS system has contributes to the changes in food consumption choices of local communities, and to the loss of interest in managing age-old agro-pastoral system. The abandonment of farming and pastoralism have already begun. Given the remoteness and security sensitivity of the region self-reliance for food could be important and not to be comprisable issue.
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Namgay, Kuenga, Joanne E. Millar, Rosemary S. Black, and Tashi Samdup. "Changes in Transhumant Agro-pastoralism in Bhutan: A Disappearing Livelihood?" Human Ecology 42, no. 5 (July 31, 2014): 779–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10745-014-9684-2.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Agro-pastoralism"
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Gomes, Adriano Fernandes. "O gado na agricultura familiar praticada no sudoeste de Angola. Meios de vida e vulnerabilidade dos grupos domésticos pastoralistas e agro-pastoralistas." Doctoral thesis, ISA/UTL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5197.
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Msoffe, Fortunata Urban. "Land use change in Maasailand : drivers, dynamics and impacts on large herbivores and agro-pastoralism." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5284.
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The Maasailand of Kenya and Tanzania supports one of the richest wildlife populations remaining on Earth. However, over the last century, Maasailand has experienced land transformation notably through conversion of former rangelands to croplands. With the anticipated human population increase in East Africa, more impacts should be envisaged on these rangelands. This thesis investigates the root causes and underlying drivers of land-use change in the Maasai-Steppe ecosystems, stemming from historical, socio-cultural, political as well as the biophysical conditions. To analyse the different drivers of change, an integrated methodological approach was employed. This included a collation of historical data and information derived from both gray and published literature, analysis of remote sensing and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) data, field surveys, workshops, observations, as well as personal communications. Observed land-use change from savannah rangelands to expansive croplands are mainly linked to government policies, land tenure, human population growth (which is also likely to be the largest future driver) and climatic conditions. Consequently these changes have impacted the agro-pastoralist community, whose main incomes for their livelihoods depend on pastoralism. Subsequent loss of formerly communal grazing lands to establish protected areas; large-scale farming and/or private ranches have aggravated the problems of sedentarization due to villagization and privatization policies of the formally mobile agro-pastoral communities. Land-use change also had negative impacts on migratory wildlife species, particularly those utilizing both protected areas and dispersal ranges in communal and/or private lands. The impacts ranged from loss of their migratory routes and corridors to massive declines of populations due to the loss of access to grazing resources. The study recommends government’s interventions for keeping the land open for access to grazing resources as well as opening up wildlife corridors, where it is deemed necessary for national interests.
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Murray, David Seth Crumley Carole L. "Contested commons the historical ecology of continuity and change in Basque agro-pastoralism in the Baigorri Valley France /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2640.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 5, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Anthropology." Discipline: Anthropology; Department/School: Anthropology.
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Clabaugh, Anna. "Overburdened Women and Disempowered Men: Case Studies on Tanzania and Kenya's Rural Agro-pastoralist Communities." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/533.
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The concept of gender becomes significant when associated with variable and unpredictable effects of climate change. It is important to assess the linkages and outcomes between humans and their environment. I highlight the level of vulnerability and burdens on the different genders and discuss how these environmental influences are shifting what we will considered “traditional” social norms and responsibilities within rural households of Kenya and Tanzania. For agricultural and pastoral communities in eastern Africa, drought triggers many socio-economic alterations that lead to great shifts in traditional roles and daily duties especially for women. The key focus of this study relies on changing gender dynamics as a result of intensified and prolonged episodes of drought, considering male and female interactions and coping strategies. Using my case study of Ayalaliyo, Tanzania as a springboard, I will be analyzing women’s vulnerability, increased workloads, health implications, and alternative incomes as well as male disempowerment in the rural communities of Kenya and Tanzania. I aspire to find the connections between women and the environment and detect whether or not there have been similar changes in gender roles as a result of climatic changes throughout the rest of East Africa’s farming communities. I will be concluding by tying these effects to a more global perspective on the importance of gendering climate change adaptations.
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Åberg, Frida. "Impact of social-ecological changes on resilience in the Senegalese Sahel." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-196937.
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Understanding how social-ecological changes influence the resilience of dryland agro-silvo-pastoral systems can offer new perspectives on current sustainability challenges. In this study I use mixed methods to explore how resilience thinking can guide development towards sustainable and just future pathways in the Sahelian part of northern Senegal. A combined analysis of regional statistical data and local actors’ perceptions of recent development revealed five key patterns of change: 1) decreased annual precipitation, 2) lack of pastures and environmental degradation, 3) improved rural water access and an opening-up of previously isolated areas, 4) adaptation strategies, and 5) decentralization. Participants’ rankings of context-specific resilience metrics based on the seven principles for building resilience, indicate a low to moderate current resilience of the agro-silvo-pastoral system and a decline in general system resilience over the past decades. The analysis highlights the need for greater recognition of pastoral mobility and groundwater recharge dynamics in natural resource management, along with challenges of inequities and power assymetries among actors, while also pointing to the potential of local initiatives to support development in the Senegalese Sahel. By synthesizing changes and assessing their influence on the resilience of the agro-silvo-pastoral system, the study shows how resilience assessments can be used to understand system dynamics and illustrate development paradoxes in the Senegalese Sahel.
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Sikana, Patrick Muyendekwa. "Agro-pastoralism and market integration : transformation and continuity of the multiple roles of cattle among the cattle keepers of Bulozi flood plains, Western Zambia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621064.
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Soares, Luis Lourenco S. S. "Sociotechnical transformation of the livestock market in Tanzania : appropriation of mobile phones by the Maasai and Wasukuma pastoralists." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31515.
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This thesis presents findings from a qualitative enquiry into the rapid uptake of the mobile phone by pastoral communities in Tanzania and its use as a tool to tackle marketing constraints. The research design involves an interregional comparative analysis of two key production regions: Arusha and the Lake Zone, and two groups of livestock producers (the Maasai pastoralists and Wasukuma agro-pastoralists respectively). Applying the Social Shaping of Technology (SST) perspective from Science and Technology Studies (STS), and in particular the concept of 'appropriation', the study examines the embrace of mobile phones by those producers - who keep livestock under the extensive (pastoralist) and semi-intensive (agro-pastoralist) systems respectively. The thesis examines the extent to which the mobile phone is changing how livestock keepers interact in the livestock market and how this is affecting their livelihoods. The thesis shows that the significance of the mobile phone varies with user groups; for instance, for the Maasai who still lead a nomadic life, the mobile phone is used 'conservatively' to communicate about herd management and to coordinate household affairs in ways that do not substantially disrupt traditional social practices and roles. In contrast, the Wasukuma agro-pastoralists use mobile phones to introduce new processes to support production and marketing, one good example being the strategy used to coordinate transportation of cattle to market. The study findings suggest the extension of the 'appropriation' (Williams, Stewart, & Slack, 2005) conceptualisation by adding the possibility of a spectrum from shallow to extended according to users' role and the context of use. Nevertheless, and in more generic terms, it is possible to say that the mobile phone use did not disrupt some of the traditional practices and trade customs amongst the Maasai, and it has reinforced the innovative behaviour of the Wasukuma. The thesis also examines a parallel initiative whereby aid agencies and public bodies in Tanzania supported the development of the Livestock Information Network and Knowledge System (LINKS), as an ICT platform designed to improve the livestock market by sharing market information. However, studies show that LINKS has not had the intended effect, is not trusted and has not been adopted by many pastoralists. The study shows how the concept of trust, which is key in market dynamics and trade relations, has been reshaped, because the mobile phone has supported informal communications that reinforce traditional methods of policing trust in the market. The thesis contributes to ongoing debates surrounding the conceptualisation of Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D). The failure of early ICT4D initiatives was attributed to a failure to address users' specific requirements, due to gaps in the translation process, as well as to socio-political and technical fragilities such as the lack of adequate infrastructure, and a deficient social learning process. The initial reworking of ICT4D highlighted the need to design technology as a specific solution appropriate to particular contexts/user groups. These were seen as finished solutions (corresponding to the idea of a 'technical fix'). Focusing upon 'appropriation', in line with the Social Shaping of Technology - Mark 2 approach - allows scope for a further rethinking of ICT4D which addresses not just design but the active role of users in shaping technological innovation to the context and purposes of communities in developing countries.
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Gonella, Gabriel. "Intéractions entre apiculture et agropastoralisme, une approche par les ressources florales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025TLSEP002.
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Le secteur apicole fait face à d’importantes difficultés depuis le début des années 2000, qui se traduisent par une grande variabilité des rendements et d’importantes mortalités. La diminution de la qualité et de la quantité des ressources florales fait partie des facteurs qui expliquent ces difficultés. En France métropolitaine, plus de la moitié de la production de miel est issue de ressources florales directement produites par l’agriculture (colza, tournesol, lavande, prairies). La modernisation agricole est toutefois citée comme l’une des principales responsables de la diminution, en quantité et en qualité, des ressources florales disponible pour les apiculteur·rices, à cause notamment de la simplification paysagère qu’elle occasionne. Dans ce contexte, trouver des voies alternatives de développement agricole, plus favorables aux ressources florales, semble nécessaire. Quels sont les freins et les leviers à l’émergence de telles alternatives à l’échelle territoriale ? C’est la question à laquelle cette thèse cherche à répondre.Pour cela, elle combine une approche technico-économique et une approche sociale des interactions entre apiculture et agriculture. Ces approches sont appliquées à un territoire d’étude marqué par l’agropastoralisme, le Mont Lozère. Le Mont Lozère est riche d’une longue histoire apicole, et présente une variété de ressources florales qui sont le produit de l’agropastoralisme à différentes échelles spatiales (parcelle, paysages, versants) et temporelles (saison de production, pluriannuelle, pluridécennal).Notre analyse technico-économique aborde l’apiculture comme une activité agricole, intégrée dans un système agraire. Nous identifions une diversité de systèmes de production apicoles, et les ressources florales qu'ils exploitent. Cela conduit à repérer les pratiques agricoles les plus favorables aux ressources florales, et le freins et leviers technico-économiques à leur mise en place par les agriculteur·rices. Sur le Mont Lozère, l’augmentation de la productivité physique du travail agricole, comme en plaine, est responsable d’une réduction de la production de ressources florales. Des systèmes économes et autonomes sont favorables aux ressources florales, mais leur généralisation est freinée par plusieurs mécanismes politiques et de marchés.Notre approche sociale s’intéresse aux relations existantes entre agriculteur·rices et apiculteur·rices, ainsi qu’aux représentations et aux valeurs associées aux ressources florales. Nous identifions ainsi des freins et des leviers à l’engagement dans des actions en faveur des ressources florales. Nous montrons que les relations professionnelles entre apiculteur·rices et agriculteur·rices améliorent l’accès des apiculteur·rices aux ressources florales, mais ne conduisent pas à produire plus de ressources florales. Les apiculteur·rices sont doté·es d’un très faible pouvoir de négociation auprès des agriculteur·rices. Les motivations à l’action en faveur des ressources florales est faible, tant chez les apiculteur·rices que chez les agriculteur·rices. Néanmoins, des médiations entre apiculteur·rices et agriculteur·rices mis en place par d’autres acteur·rices, et la mise en évidence des liens entre pratiques agricoles, ressources florales et développement territorial pourrait susciter un regain d’intérêt pour l’action en faveur des ressources florales.Cette thèse, pionnière dans l’analyse systémique des interactions entre apiculture et élevage, montre la convergence entre enjeux apicoles, enjeux environnementaux et enjeux de développement rural, en lien avec le développement des systèmes économes et autonomes. Elle montre également l’intérêt potentiel pour des structures de développement rural de contribuer au rapprochement entre ces deux mondes. Cette thèse fournit un cadre pour penser l’intégration de l’apiculture et des ressources florales dans les systèmes agraires, qui mériterait d’être déployé dans d’autres territoires, dans une visée comparatisteThe beekeeping sector has been facing major difficulties since the early 2000s, reflected in highly variable yields and high mortality rates. The decline in the quality and quantity of floral resources is one of the factors behind these difficulties. In mainland France, more than half of honey production comes from floral resources produced directly by agriculture (rapeseed, sunflower, lavender, meadows). However, agricultural modernisation is cited as one of the main reasons for the decline in the quantity and quality of floral resources available to beekeepers, not least because of the simplification of the landscape. Against this backdrop, it seems necessary to find ways to foster agricultural development pathes that are more favourable to floral resources. What are the obstacles and levers to the emergence of such alternatives on a landscape scale? This is the question that this thesis seeks to answer.To do this, it combines a technical and economic approach with a social approach to the interactions between beekeeping and agriculture. These approaches are applied to a study area marked by agro-pastoralism, the Mont Lozère. The Mont Lozère has a long history of beekeeping, and offers a variety of floral resources that are the product of agropastoralism at different spatial scales (plots, landscapes, slopes) and temporal scales (production season, multi-annual, multi-decennial).Our technico-economic analysis approaches beekeeping as an agricultural activity, integrated into an agrarian system. We identify a diversity of beekeeping systems and the floral resources they exploit. This leads us to identify the agricultural practices that are most favourable to floral resources, and the technical and economic obstacles and levers to their implementation by farmers. On the Mont Lozère, the increase in the physical productivity of agricultural labour, as in lowlands, is responsible for a reduction in the production of floral resources. Frugal systems are favourable to floral resources, but their generalisation is hampered by a number of political and market mechanisms.Our social approach focuses on the existing relationships between farmers and beekeepers, as well as the representations and values associated with floral resources. In this way, we identify the obstacles and levers to the involvement in actions to promote floral resources. We show that professional relationships between beekeepers and farmers improve beekeepers' access to floral resources, but do not lead to an increased production of floral resources. Beekeepers have very little bargaining power with farmers. Motivation for action in favour of floral resources is weak, among both beekeepers and farmers. Nevertheless, mediation between beekeepers and farmers by other actors, and the identification of links between agricultural practices, floral resources and territorial development could lead to renewed interest in action to promote floral resources.This thesis, a pioneering systemic analysis of the interactions between beekeeping and livestock farming, shows the convergence between beekeeping issues, environmental issues and rural development issues, in connection with the development of frugal systems. It also shows the potential interest for rural development structures in helping to bring these two worlds closer together. This thesis provides a framework for thinking about the integration of beekeeping and floral resources into farming systems, which should be deployed in other areas, with a view to comparison
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Morsel, Nathan. "Les systèmes agro-pastoraux économes : élevage et agro-écologie en régions de moyenne montagne et de piémont méditerranéen." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASB008.
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Sur la Montagne limousine et dans le Lodévois, deux petites agricoles respectivement de moyenne montagne humide et de piémont méditerranéen du Massif central, le développement de l'élevage centré sur l'accroissement de la productivité physique du travail a conduit à l'augmentation de la part des fourrages distribués et des aliments concentrés dans l'alimentation des troupeaux et au recentrage du pâturage sur les prairies. Les parcours, qui fournissaient auparavant la base de l'alimentation des troupeaux, ont été progressivement abandonnés, ou ont pu faire l'objet de plantations de résineux. À rebours de ce mouvement dominant, quelques éleveurs ayant un accès limité aux terres moto-mécanisables ont au contraire cherché à replacer au centre de l'alimentation de leurs troupeaux le pâturage des parcours, ce qui implique une modification systémique des logiques de production. L'analyse du fonctionnement technico-économique de ces systèmes agro-pastoraux révèle une importante réduction des besoins en fourrages et aliments concentrés, qui se traduit par des investissements en matériel agricole et des achats d'intrants très limités. Malgré une baisse des niveaux de production par animal et une taille de cheptel élevé par actif inférieur, ces systèmes qualifiés d'économes sont bien plus créateurs de richesses et d'emplois agricoles que ceux restés dans le mouvement de développement agricole dominant, tout en utilisant des terres qui seraient autrement à l'abandon. Si ces systèmes économes semblent pouvoir constituer une alternative au développement agricole dans ces régions, leur diffusion reste limitée par les débouchés pour une production agricole hors des standards de l'aval et par le mode actuel d'attribution des subventions de la Politique Agricole Commune, dont ils bénéficient moins et qui peuvent entraver leur fonctionnementOn the Limousine Moutain and the Lodévois, two small middle mountain and foothills regions of the Massif central, animal husbandry development focused on increasing physical productivity of human work led to an increased part of fodder and concentrated feeds in the flock diet, and increased the grassland use at the expense of the rangelands. One the basis of flock feeding, those rangelands were mainly abandoned or planted with conifers. Several breeders with limited access to moto-mechanized areas go against this dynamic. Thus, they try to reorganize the alimentation of their flocks around diversified rangeland grazing, which implies a systemic modification of production logics. The technoeconomic analysis of these agropastoral systems indicates a significant reduction of fodder and concentrated feed needs and consequently allows less farm equipments investments and input purchases. Comparing the economic results of agro-pastoral farms and farms that have remained within the dominant agricultural development movement shows that despite the reduction of the production per animal and the flock size per active person, these systems called frugal create more added value and help maintaining or even creating jobs in areas that would have been abandoned otherwise. This frugal agro-pastoral systems seems an alternative to the dominant agricultural development in these two middle mountain and foothills regions. However, the development of these systems on a larger scale is currently restrained by the lack of short-circuit outlets for agro-pastoral products, which are often out of step with standard products. Furthermore, the current subsidies allocation of the Common Agriculturis is less advantageous for agropastoral systems and can also impeach their running
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Moutard, Robert. "Les paysages des Bornes-Aravis (Haute-Savoie) : évolution des dynamiques territoriales, enjeux pour le tourisme." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30058/document.
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Dans l’ensemble des cinq massifs préalpins français septentrionaux auquel il appartient, le massif des Bornes-Aravis présente un trait distinctif qui intrigue : celui de ne comporter qu’une réserve naturelle très restreinte, située sur la marge lacustre. En cela, il se démarque de ses homologues et voisins, dotés de vastes parcs naturels régionaux et de géoparcs, garants du maintien d’un cadre de vie de qualité. Rétifs à toute mesure de protection territoriale, les élus locaux affirment que l’empirisme guidé par la sagesse, ainsi que le savoir-être traditionnel des populations locales, se substituent avantageusement à l’établissement d’espaces protégés dont les effets seraient, à leurs dires, préjudiciables au développement économique. Dans ce contexte, on est fondé à éprouver quelques craintes quant à la pérennité de l’esthétique paysagère, qui constitue le facteur indispensable à l’attractivité touristique, moteur essentiel de l’économie alpine. On peut aussi s’interroger sur les chances de voir se maintenir une situation de « double mise en valeur équilibrée » (Bätzing, Rougier, 2006). Bien que s’adaptant volontiers aux impératifs de l’économie contemporaine, la société locale a su jusqu’ici limiter l’altération de sa culture et de son patrimoine naturel. En témoigne un système agro-pastoral dynamique et relativement prospère, indispensable au maintien de la qualité du cadre de vie. Les habitants des Bornes-Aravis déclarent vouloir éviter que leur massif ne devienne un espace de loisirs pour citadins. Les schémas de cohérences territoriales récemment élaborés prennent en compte ces enjeux.L’analyse menée tout au long de cette étude portera une attention toute particulière à l’évolution des dynamiques spatiales influant sur le devenir de la beauté paysagère, qui constitue la richesse essentielle de ces montagnes de moyenne altitude. Celle-ci devrait être valorisée notamment par une médiation scientifique non pas sporadique et fragmentaire telle qu’elle l’est actuellement, mais conçue selon une cohérence en lien avec l’identité du territoireOf the five northern french pre-Alpine ranges to which it belongs, the mountains of Bornes-Aravis has a distinctive feature that is intriguing: it has only a very small nature reserve situated on the fringes of Lake Annecy. In this it differs from larger neighboring parks, and more recently, geoparks, all guarantee of maintaining a high quality of life.Reluctant to adopt any measure of territorial protection, local officials say that empiricism guided by wisdom, and traditional know-how of native populations, outweigh the establishment of protected areas whose effects would be prejudicial to their priority of economic development. In this context, it is reasonable to harbour fears about the sustainability of landscape aesthetics, which is an essential factor attracting tourists, a key driver of the alpine economy. Native societies readily adapting to the demands of the modern economy, whilst limiting alterations to their cultural and natural heritage. As a result of that process, one can notice the existence of a dynamic and relatively prosperous agro-pastoral system, essential to maintaining the quality of life. The inhabitants of the country say they want to prevent it forbecoming a land of leisure for city dwellers. However in the absence of specifically protected areas guaranteeing environmental quality, one can only wonder about the chances that the « dual balancing improvement » (Bätzing, Rougier, 2006) will be maintained. Patterns of territorial coherence that have recently been developed aware of these stakes. That is why the analysis conducted throughout this study will pay particular attention to the evolution of spatial dynamics affecting the future of scenic beauty, which constitues the essential richness of these highlands. This matter should be valued notably by a scientific mediation not sporadic and fragmentary such as it is it at present, but conceived according to a coherence in link with the identity of the territory
Books on the topic "Agro-pastoralism"
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Conference, Ethiopian Society of Animal Production. Pastoralism and agro-pastoralism: Which way forward? : proceedings of the 8th Annual Conference of ESAP : 24-26 August 2000, Addis Abeba. Addis Ababa: Ethiopia Society of Animal Production, 2000.
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Tiffen, M. From agro-pastoralism to mixed farming: The evolution of farming systems in Machakos, Kenya, 1930-1990.. London: Overseas Development Institute, 1993.
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Sikana, Patrick M. Agro-pastoralism and trade liberalisation: Transformation of production goals and rationales among traditional cattle keepers of the Bulozi flood plains. Lusaka: [s.n., 1997.
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International Congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences (15th 2006 Lisbon, Portugal). Ancient cultural landscapes in South Europe - their ecological setting and evolution: Session C11. Gardeners from South America : session C22. Agro-pastoralism and early metallurgy sessions : session S04. The idea of enclosure in recent Iberian prehistory : session WS29. Rhytmes et causalites des dynamiques de l'anthropisation en Europe entre 6500 ET 500 BC : hypotheses socio-culturelles et/ou climatiques : session C88. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2010.
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Garcia-Molsosa, Arnau. Archaeology of Mountain Landscapes: Interdisciplinary Research Strategies of Agro-Pastoralism in Upland Regions. State University of New York Press, 2024.
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Agro-pastoralism in Chad as a strategy for survival: An essay on the relationship between anthropology and statistics. Washington: World Bank, 1993.
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Gibson, D. Blair. "Agro-Pastoralism and Regional Social Organisation in Early Ireland." In Tribe and Polity in Late Prehistoric Europe, 41–68. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0777-6_2.
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Nori, Michele, and Domenica Farinella. "Mobility and Migration in Mediterranean Europe: The Case of Agro-pastoralism." In IMISCOE Research Series, 103–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42863-1_6.
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Hole, Frank. "Human Dimensions of the Transition from Hunting-Gathering to Agro-Pastoralism." In The Epipalaeolithic and Neolithic in the Eastern Fertile Crescent, 65–86. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003335504-6.
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Deshar, Rashila, and Madan Koirala. "Indigenous Practice in Agro-Pastoralism and Carbon Management from a Gender Perspective: A Case from Nepal." In Carbon Management for Promoting Local Livelihood in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) Region, 267–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20591-1_15.
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Tsuruta, Tadasu. "The Impasse of Contemporary Agro-pastoralism in Central Tanzania: Environmental Pressures in the Face of Land Scarcity and Commercial Agricultural Investment." In The Environmental Crunch in Africa, 207–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77131-1_8.
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Fujioka, Yuichiro, Yudai Ishimoto, and Tadasu Tsuruta. "Unique features of African agro-pastoralism." In Rethinking African Agriculture, 79–94. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429465680-6.
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Yoram Kavana, Pius, Bukombe John Kija, Emmanuel Pagiti Reuben, Ally Kiyenze Nkwabi, Baraka Naftal Mbwambo, Simula Peres Maijo, Selemani Rehani Moshi, Shabani Matwili, Victor Alexander Kakengi, and Stephen Justice Nindi. "Impact of Agro-pastoralism on Grasslands in Serengeti and Ugalla Ecosystems, Tanzania." In Grasslands - Conservation and Development [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.113800.
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This chapter delves into the intricate relationship between agro-pastoralism and grassland ecosystems in Tanzania’s Western Serengeti and Ugalla Ecosystems. Despite the acknowledged contribution of agro-pastoralism to rural well-being and economic development, its impact on the delicate balance of grassland ecosystems remains unclear in these crucial Tanzanian landscapes. The chapter aims to illuminate agro-pastoralism’s environmental, social, and economic dimensions in these regions. Guided by research questions exploring current conditions, potential solutions, and the path toward sustainable grassland resource utilization, the study employed a systematic literature review and data analysis using R software. Key findings highlight challenges from the progressive expansion of agro-pastoral activities, leading to trade-offs between ecosystem services and productivity. The study identifies agro-pastoral clusters across the area, revealing variations in economic activities and their impact on grassland utilization. Impacts on natural resources, such as soil pH changes, reduced herbaceous biomass, and shifts in plant composition, are discussed. The legal framework related to natural resource conservation in grasslands emphasizes the need for a balanced, ecologically sustainable approach. Efforts to alleviate agro-pastoral impacts, including introducing climate-smart agriculture, are explored. The chapter concludes by emphasizing the importance of integrated, participatory methods for sustainable management in the Serengeti and Ugalla ecosystems. Recommendations include promoting sustainable land use practices, implementing rotational grazing, and enhancing community involvement in decision-making.
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COLE, DONALD P., and SORAYA ALTORKI. "Agro-pastoralism and Development in Egypt’s Northwest Coast." In Directions of Change in Rural Egypt, 313–30. American University in Cairo Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt15m7k1g.22.
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Yoram Kavana, Pius, Bukombe John Kija, Emmanuel Pagiti Reuben, Ally Kiyenze Nkwabi, Baraka Naftal Mbwambo, Simula Peres Maijo, Selemani Rehani Moshi, Shabani Haruna Matwili, Victor Alexander Kakengi, and Stephen Justice Nindi. "Plant diversity in agro-pastoral grasslands of Tanzania." In Vegetation Index and Dynamics - Methodologies for Teaching Plant Diversity and Conservation Status [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1003824.
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This chapter delves into the intricate relationship between agro-pastoral activities and plant diversity in Tanzanian grasslands. The study addresses three critical research questions: the current status of plant diversity in agro-pastoral grasslands, the impact of anthropogenic activities on plant diversity, and strategies for maintaining plant diversity in Tanzania’s agro-pastoral grasslands. A systematic literature review and primary vegetation sampling were conducted. The impacts of agro-pastoralism on plant diversity were observed to have both detrimental and win-win scenarios. Practices such as deferred and controlled grazing contribute to soil conservation and biodiversity conservation, whereas continuous grazing and land cultivation lead to land degradation and loss of plant diversity. The study underscores the importance of perennial grasses, which contribute to soil improvement and provide a stable feed resource base for grazing animals. However, anthropogenic activities, threaten plant diversity, especially in lowlands. Altitude is a significant factor affecting plant diversity, with a decline observed in lowlands subjected to agro-pastoral activities. As human population increased agro-pastoral activities, the chapter concludes by highlighting the potential negative consequences on ecosystem services and biodiversity in lakes. It emphasizes the urgency of adopting sustainable agro-pastoral practices and ecosystem-specific conservation measures to ensure these vital grassland ecosystems’ long-term health and resilience.
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Spate, Michael. "Before ‘Agro-pastoralism’? A Review of Early and Middle Holocene Human Settlement of the Western Himalaya-Hindu Kush and Pamir-Alay Ranges." In The Oxford Handbook of Mountain Archaeology. Oxford University Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197608005.013.22.
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Abstract Archaeological, botanical, and faunal data from across the Inner Asian Mountains have revealed a range of agricultural and pastoral adaptations to environments previously perceived as marginal zones, possibly dating as early as 5000 years BP. Less understood is the period between the beginning of the Holocene and the development of agro-pastoralism in the region. This chapter reviews the available archaeological data from the mountainous areas of Central Asia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northern India and considers patterns of human adaptation across the region. The implications of these data in relation to the long-term development of social-ecological systems are described, and potential areas for future research are discussed.