Relevant bibliographies by topics / Agro-pastoralists

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Agro-pastoralists'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Agro-pastoralists"

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Ahmed Mohammed, Abdulla. "ADOPTION OF SMALL RUMINANTS’ FATTENING PACKAGE IN AGRO-PASTORAL AREAS, DUGDA DAWA DISTRICT, SOUTHERN OROMIA, ETHIOPIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9 (September 30, 2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9.2015.2940.

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Many studies were conducted to identify determinants of adoption of crop base technologies and practices and improved seeds, and while few studies concerned on evaluation of extension services in terms of the clients’ need and interest or adoption of livestock technologies in agro-pastoral and pastoral context. In fact, livestock extension services in general in developing countries are less prioritized and thus livestock based technology services are rarely extended. Common livestock technologies which are promoted to livestock raisers are focused on feed, veterinary services, and improved management practices through the extension services of agricultural/pastoral offices and livestock development units. The case hereunder, is about agro-pastoralists extension services evaluative perception and small ruminant fattening package adoption. Hence, this study investigates agro-pastoralists’ perception on the extension services, small ruminant fattening package and intensity of adoption of small ruminants’ fattening package. The study is undertaken in DugdaDawaWoreda, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The Woreda has agro-pastoral and pastoral production system. The data were collected from 151 randomly selected pastoralists and agro-pastoralists using structured interview schedule. Secondary data were collected from different sources to supplement the data obtained from the survey. In addition to quantitative data qualitative data also gathered. Prior to formal survey an informal survey was also undertaken by using group discussion and interview with key informants. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage mean, standard deviation, Chi-square tests and t-test were employed. The Tobit model was also employed to determine factors influencing intensity of small ruminant fattening package adoption. This study identifies agro-pastoralists and pastoralists are poorly addressed and their need and interests are not considered in any extension programmes. The Tobit model output showed that, agro-pastoralists intensity of adoption of small ruminant fattening package is influenced by: perception on the availability of improved breed, perception on resources based conflicts, current management practices, total livestock holding of HHs and credit use and availability for veterinary purposes. Future extension activities and agencies, promoting fattening package in agro-pastoral and pastoral areas, should focus on targeting agro-pastoralists with low perception on the availability of better breed, information and demonstration on the improved management practices, revision of credit supply criteria, making awareness and demonstration of the significant importance of small ruminants in the agro-pastoral and pastoral income and livelihoods contribution is important.
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Kebede, Basha, Dembi Korji, and Girma Amare. "Participatory evaluation and selection of improved haricot bean varieties at liben district, lowland agro ecology of Guji zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 7, no. 8 (March 27, 2018): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2017.7.8/1005.8.160.166.

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The activity was conducted in Liben district to evaluate the yield performance of improved haricot bean varieties. 25 pastorals and agro pastorals were selected from Measa kebele with collaboration of Liben Pastoral and Agro Pastoral Office, Zonal Mobile Supporting Team and kebele leaders. The 25 pastoral and agro pastorals were grouped into one PAPRG. Then 25 PAPRG members were regrouped into three experimental pastorals and agro pastoralists. Training were given for PAPRG members. Exchange visit was arranged to share experience on the work each PAPRG. Haramaya, Awasa Dume, Ebado varieties were evaluated with standard check variety. Descriptive statistics and direct matrix ranking was used to analysis the data. Local variety give the highest yield (31kg/ha). PAPRG criteria for haricot bean production was market demand, color, disease/insect reaction, drought resistance. Accordingly, Ebado variety was preferred by PAPRGs based on marketability while Local check and Awasa Dube were selected as first and second respectively based on drought resistance, number of pod/plant, higher yield and resistance to insects. Haramaya variety was susceptible to insects. Pastoralists and agro pastoralists should use Ebado variety to increase their income and local variety for household consumption.
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Aryal, S., S. K. Ghimire, Y. R. Dhakal, N. P. Gaire, and S. Bhandari. "Perceptions of agro-pastoralists towards the change in temperature and precipitation in the trans-Himalayan regions of Nepal." Banko Janakari 27, no. 1 (November 7, 2017): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v27i1.18546.

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Climate change has emerged as a global concern despite its differential impacts across geographical, social and economic gradients. Understanding perceptions of local communities towards climate change is important as it advances the knowledge, and is the driver of autonomous adaptation and behavioral responses. The livelihood of the agro-pastoralists in the trans-Himalayan regions of Nepal depends on the natural resources, and is highly sensitive to the change in climatic variables. Although there are indications of pronounced climate change in terms of their important variables in the high-altitude compared to the lowland of Nepal, there is limited information on how communities living in those areas have perceived to the change. Realizing the significance of such information, perceptions of the agro-pastoralists towards the change in climatic variables were studied in the two important high- and trans-Himalayan districts- Dolpa and Mustang. The results of the study revealed that the perceptions of the agro-pastoralists correspond with the increasing trend of temperature and the changing (both increasing and decreasing) trends of precipitation. Moreover, the agro-pastoralists have perceived the decrease in snowfall and reported appearance of new forage and pasture species in rangelands. The findings will be useful to understand about the climate change in the high- and trans-Himalayan region, and to devise adaptation strategies in these areas.Banko Janakari, Vol. 27, No. 1, Page: 21-30
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Michael, Yohannes Gebre. "Vulnerability and Local Innovation in Adaptation to Climate Change among the Pastoralists: Harshin District, Somali Region, Ethiopia." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 6, no. 2 (May 13, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v6i2.11211.

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The case study was made with the overall aim of understanding of pastoralist vulnerability and adaptation to climate changes. As a methodology five kebeles have been purposely selected representing pastoral and agro-pastoral farming systems in Harshin district of Somali Region in Ethiopia. The survey was conducted through semi-structured checklists with individual households and groups accounting a total of 124 people.The major findings of the study indicated that the environmental and socio-economic dynamics are skewed to negative trends where the livelihood of the pastoral community is under a big threat. Moreover, the combinations of factors including access to resources and social institutions, livelihood practices, inappropriate technologies and policies have attributed to trigger the vulnerability to climate change among the pastoralists in general and agro-pastoralists in particular. In adapting to the impact of climate change, pastoralists and agro-pastoralists are using wide range of group and individual local innovations, some farming practices and establishment of multi-functional grassroots institutions. Finally creating enabling policy environment for local experimentation and innovations in the framework of pastoralism and sustainability have been suggested as a point of departure in developing resilience to climate change and other pressures.
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Kgosikoma, Keneilwe Ruth, Phatsimo Cotildah Lekota, and Olaotswe Ernest Kgosikoma. "Agro-pastoralists’ determinants of adaptation to climate change." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 10, no. 3 (May 21, 2018): 488–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-02-2017-0039.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze smallholder farmers’ perceptions on climate change and its stressors, their adaptation strategies and factors that influence their adaptation to climate change. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted in Kweneng district, located in the south eastern part of Botswana. Multi-stage sampling was used to obtain a representative sample from three sub-districts in the district. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data by using face-to-face interviews. Findings Majority of farmers perceived an increase in mean annual temperature and the number of hot days and a decrease in mean annual rainfall and the number of rainfall days over the past 10 years as indicators of climate change. The prominent adaptation strategies included changes in planting dates for crops and supplementary feeding for livestock. The logistic regression results show that gender, age, household size, poverty, shortage of land, mixed farming and knowledge about climate change significantly influence adaptation. Practical implications The findings indicate that climate change policy should target agricultural diversification at the household level and dissemination of information on climate change and adaptation strategies. Originality/value Policy recommendations can be suggested: government climate change interventions should target agricultural diversification at the household level, and this study provides insights on what influences adaptation strategies and what should be targeted to build resilience in the agricultural sector.
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Saeed, Abdalbasit. "Study to Assess Factors Contributing to Conflict Among Pastoralists, Agro-Pastoralists and Sedentary Farmers." Nomadic Peoples 13, no. 1 (July 31, 2009): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/np.2009.130111.

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Sanou, Charles L., Nouhoun Zampaligré, Daniel N. Tsado, André Kiema, and Yssouf Sieza. "Impacts of Land Use and Cover Changes on Transhumant Pastoralism in Sudanian Zones of Burkina Faso, West Africa." Journal of Agricultural Studies 5, no. 4 (August 7, 2018): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v6i3.13474.

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This research aimed to investigate how the rapid land use and cover changes is affecting pastoral resources and practices within Kompienga province in Sudanian zone of Burkina Faso. To achieve this aim, Landsat images data of years 1989, 2001, 2013 and 2015 were retrieved and analysed. Images were acquired following the path 193 and row 52, from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM), Landsat-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI). Images processing were done using 350 training sample for both; the purpose of supervised classification and accuracy assessment. Random Forest Algorithm (RFA) procedures in R-Software (version 3.3.2) were used for images classification. Furthermore, survey data were collected through group discussions and individual interviews with a 271 head of household respondents (pastoralists and agro-pastoralists) to investigate respondents’ perceptions on land uses and covers changes and its impacts on their pastoral and agro pastoral resources and animal husbandry practices. Results showed that Land use dynamics was characterized by an increase in croplands at an average rate of 46.7 % per year, between 1989 and 2015. On the contrary a decline of pasture lands was observed since 2001 at an average rate of 6.0 % per year. Similar trends in land uses changes were observed by interviewed respondents who depicted an increase in cropping lands (98.5 % of respondents) to the detriment of pasture lands (97.8 % of respondents). To overcome these land use/land cover changes and it subsequent consequences, respondent pastoralists and agro pastoralists have developed local adaptations strategies. Thus, some measures are still needed at government level to sustain local pastoralist and agro-pastoralist efforts and strengthen their adaptive capacity.
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Mwantimwa, Kelefa. "Use of mobile phones among agro-pastoralist communities in Tanzania." Information Development 35, no. 2 (November 6, 2017): 230–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666917739952.

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The study examined the usage of mobile phones among agro-pastoralists in Monduli and Bagamoyo districts in Tanzania. The study used a mixed approach in collecting and analysing the resultant data. The study’s findings reveal that individual and technology characteristics are important factors for mobile phone ownership and usage among agro-pastoralists. Further, the findings suggest that effective use of mobile phones presents a huge opportunity for improving information access for agro-pastoralist communities, so supporting their poverty reduction programs. Accordingly, usage of mobile phone technologies can offset some of the effects of neglected rural infrastructure and make rural development sustainable and competitive. The study concludes that there is an urgent need to re-think and re-orient the development thrust and deploy mobile phones to address business transaction and information access problems and supplement development-related information provided by other media.
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Ruvuga, Peter Rogers, Ewa Wredle, Agnes Mwakaje, Ismail Saidi Selemani, Anthony Zozimus Sangeda, Gert Nyberg, and Cecilia Kronqvist. "Indigenous Rangeland and Livestock Management Among Pastoralists and Agro-pastoralists in Miombo Woodlands, Eastern Tanzania." Rangeland Ecology & Management 73, no. 2 (March 2020): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2019.11.005.

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Iyiola-Tunji, A. O., W. Buba, I. Saleh, A. T. Mohammed, M. A. Yusuf, and P. A. John. "Cattle milk processing and marketing characteristics among agro-pastoralists in North West Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i1.1294.

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The study was aimed at analysing the fundamental characteristics of milk collection, processing and marketing among agro-pastoralists in North West Nigeria. A three stage (multi-stage) sampling technique was used for the study. The first stage is the purposive selection of four States (Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano and Katsina States purposively selected based on the high concentration of agro-pastoralists). In the second stage, two Local Government Areas (LGA) from each of the State were purposively selected. The third stage involved the use of snowball sampling method for the selection of communities where agropastoralist were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Two communities were selected per LGA. Data were collected from 157 respondents from the target populatuion out of sampled agro-pastoral households. The survey instrument was pretested and subjected to face validity. The data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics of frequency counts and percentages. The average length of time for milk storage before processing was 1 hour and 41 minutes. Pasteurization was the method of choice used to prevent milk spoilage by 63.8% of respondents in all the States considered in this study. Almost all (91.2%) of the respondents market their milks. Spoilage of milk during the period before processing was reported as the highest constraint to milk production, processing and marketing in all the four States. Inadequate equipment and milk loss during processing were also reported as constraints by 18.9 and 14.7%, respectively. Low quality of milk, especially during dry season, also constitute a constraint to about 4% of the respondents. The agro-pastoralists in North West Nigeria are engaged in peasantry profitable ventures of milk processing and marketing. Most of them are not members of groups and cooperatives. Their volume of trade in milk processing and marketing can be greatly enhanced if they are organized into productive groups along the value chain. Past efforts at organizing milk processors and marketers into groups and cooperatives need to be revisited by relevant agencies of government and non-government organizations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agro-pastoralists"

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Beyene, Fekadu. "Challenges and options in governing common property : customary institutions among (agro- )pastoralists in Ethiopia /." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/988917467/04.

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Jørgensen, Stine Lise. "Ethnographic Reflections on Marriage in Mursi : A group of transhumant agro-pastoralists in Southwestern Ethiopia." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Sosialantropologisk institutt, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13760.

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This thesis is the outcome of a fieldwork which I carried out among the Mursi people of Southwestern Ethiopia from January until June 2010. The Mursi are transhumant agropastoralists and inhabit an area marked by long periods of drought. Over the past few decades they and their neighbors` livelihood have first and foremost been threatened by the growing shortage of water in dry-season grazing areas. As a result there has been a northward migration within Mursiland. Moreover, there are also other underlying factors for the migration, such as intermarriage. In this matter I shortly discuss the various impacts and challenges which the Mursi people face in every day life. However, the main focus for this work is that of kinship and marriage. I argue that Mursi marriage may be looked upon as a total social phenomenon, as all the various institutions within the Mursi society play a part in constituting a Mursi marriage. The Mursi kinship system is patrilineal, which is ancestor focused, meaning that kin is reckoned through one common male ancestor. However, as the Mursi kinship system is based on classificatory kin relations, there is no socially significant difference between various relations of kin categories. These categories are important in the Mursi bridewealth payments, which is ideally 38 head of cattle for a Mursi woman. The ideal distribution of bridewealth is important in the recurring of kinship ties, as a Mursi man is included in a debt lasting for three generations. I focus on showing how ties of kinship create solidarity between groups, and break down when the bridewealth payment has come to and end. However, the bridewealth rules allow the kinship ties to reappear. I also discuss the importance in cattle and how they are used as a tool in acquiring a wife, not the other way around as the "cattle complex" suggested in East African studies during the 1920s.
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Beyene, Fekadu [Verfasser]. "Challenges and Options in Governing Common Property : Customary Institutions among (Agro-) Pastoralists in Ethiopia / Fekadu Beyene." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1166512029/34.

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Hagberg, Sten. "Between Peace and Justice : Dispute Settlement between Karaboro Agriculturalists and Fulbe Agro-Pastoralists in Burkina Faso." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-894.

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This study is about dispute settlement in the Comoé Province, Burkina Faso. It focuses on ways in which four principal categories of actors-Karaboro agriculturalists, Fulbe agro-pastoralists, Tiefo Masters of the Earth, and local government officials-handle disputes related to landed resources. The study is based on four years of multi-sited fieldwork between 1988 and 1996, as well as studies of literature and archival material. To understand processes of peace and justice in dispute settlement, the study provides detailed accounts of internal socio-political and cultural dynamics within and between the main groups of actors as well as an ethnography of two cases of violent conflict. The main argument is that dispute settlement prevails in a social field of relations and rights. It is, on the one hand, a matter of mobilising key social relations in order to promote peace, to forgive and make future co-habitation possible. Host-stranger relations as well as those of neighbourhood and friendship are, for example, put to the fore. On the other hand, it is also a matter of claiming rights and attend to what different actors perceive as justice. Rights are articulated in different organisational structures such as the Land and Tenure Reorganisation, the Trade Union of Graziers and the Hunting Organisation. While external actors claim rights in public discourse, in practice they are likely to mobilise relations to 'arrange an affair'. Local actors promote ideologically the maintenance of social relations (for peace and prosperity) in dispute settlement, but look for their rights in practice. Disputes are thus located between peace and justice, but in the shadow of violent conflict. The study concludes that dispute settlement between Karaboro agriculturalists and Fulbe agro-pastoralists should not only be understood as a political run by different actors to gain in disputes, but needs to be situated within the domain of what is regarded as morally and socially 'acceptable' to public opinion beyond ethnic and socio-political boundaries.
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[Verfasser], Fekadu Beyene. "Challenges and Options in Governing Common Property : Customary Institutions among (Agro-) Pastoralists in Ethiopia / Fekadu Beyene." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2018090907021113636573.

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Msoffe, Fortunata Urban. "Land use change in Maasailand : drivers, dynamics and impacts on large herbivores and agro-pastoralism." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5284.

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The Maasailand of Kenya and Tanzania supports one of the richest wildlife populations remaining on Earth. However, over the last century, Maasailand has experienced land transformation notably through conversion of former rangelands to croplands. With the anticipated human population increase in East Africa, more impacts should be envisaged on these rangelands. This thesis investigates the root causes and underlying drivers of land-use change in the Maasai-Steppe ecosystems, stemming from historical, socio-cultural, political as well as the biophysical conditions. To analyse the different drivers of change, an integrated methodological approach was employed. This included a collation of historical data and information derived from both gray and published literature, analysis of remote sensing and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) data, field surveys, workshops, observations, as well as personal communications. Observed land-use change from savannah rangelands to expansive croplands are mainly linked to government policies, land tenure, human population growth (which is also likely to be the largest future driver) and climatic conditions. Consequently these changes have impacted the agro-pastoralist community, whose main incomes for their livelihoods depend on pastoralism. Subsequent loss of formerly communal grazing lands to establish protected areas; large-scale farming and/or private ranches have aggravated the problems of sedentarization due to villagization and privatization policies of the formally mobile agro-pastoral communities. Land-use change also had negative impacts on migratory wildlife species, particularly those utilizing both protected areas and dispersal ranges in communal and/or private lands. The impacts ranged from loss of their migratory routes and corridors to massive declines of populations due to the loss of access to grazing resources. The study recommends government’s interventions for keeping the land open for access to grazing resources as well as opening up wildlife corridors, where it is deemed necessary for national interests.
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Soares, Luis Lourenco S. S. "Sociotechnical transformation of the livestock market in Tanzania : appropriation of mobile phones by the Maasai and Wasukuma pastoralists." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31515.

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This thesis presents findings from a qualitative enquiry into the rapid uptake of the mobile phone by pastoral communities in Tanzania and its use as a tool to tackle marketing constraints. The research design involves an interregional comparative analysis of two key production regions: Arusha and the Lake Zone, and two groups of livestock producers (the Maasai pastoralists and Wasukuma agro-pastoralists respectively). Applying the Social Shaping of Technology (SST) perspective from Science and Technology Studies (STS), and in particular the concept of 'appropriation', the study examines the embrace of mobile phones by those producers - who keep livestock under the extensive (pastoralist) and semi-intensive (agro-pastoralist) systems respectively. The thesis examines the extent to which the mobile phone is changing how livestock keepers interact in the livestock market and how this is affecting their livelihoods. The thesis shows that the significance of the mobile phone varies with user groups; for instance, for the Maasai who still lead a nomadic life, the mobile phone is used 'conservatively' to communicate about herd management and to coordinate household affairs in ways that do not substantially disrupt traditional social practices and roles. In contrast, the Wasukuma agro-pastoralists use mobile phones to introduce new processes to support production and marketing, one good example being the strategy used to coordinate transportation of cattle to market. The study findings suggest the extension of the 'appropriation' (Williams, Stewart, & Slack, 2005) conceptualisation by adding the possibility of a spectrum from shallow to extended according to users' role and the context of use. Nevertheless, and in more generic terms, it is possible to say that the mobile phone use did not disrupt some of the traditional practices and trade customs amongst the Maasai, and it has reinforced the innovative behaviour of the Wasukuma. The thesis also examines a parallel initiative whereby aid agencies and public bodies in Tanzania supported the development of the Livestock Information Network and Knowledge System (LINKS), as an ICT platform designed to improve the livestock market by sharing market information. However, studies show that LINKS has not had the intended effect, is not trusted and has not been adopted by many pastoralists. The study shows how the concept of trust, which is key in market dynamics and trade relations, has been reshaped, because the mobile phone has supported informal communications that reinforce traditional methods of policing trust in the market. The thesis contributes to ongoing debates surrounding the conceptualisation of Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D). The failure of early ICT4D initiatives was attributed to a failure to address users' specific requirements, due to gaps in the translation process, as well as to socio-political and technical fragilities such as the lack of adequate infrastructure, and a deficient social learning process. The initial reworking of ICT4D highlighted the need to design technology as a specific solution appropriate to particular contexts/user groups. These were seen as finished solutions (corresponding to the idea of a 'technical fix'). Focusing upon 'appropriation', in line with the Social Shaping of Technology - Mark 2 approach - allows scope for a further rethinking of ICT4D which addresses not just design but the active role of users in shaping technological innovation to the context and purposes of communities in developing countries.
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Crête, Philippe. "Agro-pastoralists turned fishermen : socio-economic and environmental changes in the buffer zone of Coiba National Park, Panama." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97937.

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In upcoming decades, the conservation and sustainable use of coastal and marine resources will become a major political and environmental challenge, as two-thirds of the world's population lives in coastal zones. The issue will likely become more problematic in developing countries, where an important number of coastal inhabitants still rely on marginal extractive activities such as fishing, farming and cattle ranching for subsistence, and where the rural poor's demand for development often lead to unsustainable extractive practices. Thus, innovative solutions need to be developed to ensure the long-term conservation and sound management of marine and coastal resources. This Masters thesis addresses the case of Coiba National Park, a marine protected area located in the Gulf of Chiriqui, Panama, and its relationship with coastal fishing and farming communities located at its outskirt. Particularly, this thesis aims to discover the drivers that pushed an important number of coastal agro-pastoralists of Coiba National Park's buffer zone to switch to artisanal fishing over the past three decades, and to determine the social, economic, and environmental impacts that resulted from that switch. In addition, this thesis analyses the relationship between Coiba National Park's authorities and buffer zone communities, and how this relationship has evolved over the years as more and more resource-users exploit the marine resources of the park. Finally, this work analyses Coiba National Park's current management strategy, how park authorities have been able to adapt their planning and management activities over the years, and explores alternatives to improve Coiba National Park's management strategy so that it can better adapt to the ever changing social, economic, and environmental conditions in which Coiba National Park's buffer zone operates.
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Mosime, Bonolo. "The use of traditional weather forecasting by agro-pastoralists of different social groups in Bobirwa sub-district, Botswana." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29536.

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Agro-pastoralists of Bobirwa sub-district depend mainly on rain-fed agriculture as a source of their livelihood. However, this agro-pastoralism is affected by climatic variability. Advanced warning of upcoming weather information is, therefore, important in informing farming decisions. Traditional weather forecasting is often a major planning tool used to inform agro-pastoralists’ decision making and has been handed from one generation to another. For instance, local knowledge indicators are used to determine onset of rainfall and quality of the rainfall expected. However, there are numerous factors that may have affected the effective use of and dependence on traditional weather forecasting over the years. For this reason, it is critical to examine the current state and use of traditional weather forecasting among the agro-pastoralists. This thesis describes the traditional weather forecasting that agro-pastoralists in Bobirwa sub-district Botswana hold and use in planning for agricultural activities to cope with climate variability. It also examines changes that have been observed in the use of traditional weather forecasting over time. By exploring the knowledge used to generate early warning systems and coping strategies to climate variability of agro-pastoralists, we examine underlying vulnerabilities and resilience possibilities. Data was collected through purposively selecting a total of 101 agro-pastoralists who were further stratified by age and gender. The following qualitative techniques were used in data collection: semi-structured interviews (54 interviewees constituting 37 forecasters and 17 non-forecasters), focus group discussions (47 participants consisting of between 4 and 12 participants), and key informant interviews (11 forecasters who use multiple indicators). The snowballing technique was the main sampling strategy. Knowledgeable traditional forecasters in FGD’s were used to identify key informants with whom semi-structured interviews were conducted. All data was analysed using the thematic analysis method. Data was constructed using a cyclical process to generate themes which consisted of the initialisation (capturing participants’ accounts), construction of themes, relating the themes and developing results. From the study, it was found that male and female elderly agro-pastoralists in Bobirwa are more knowledgeable about traditional weather forecasting and use the traditional weather forecasting techniques to inform their decisions, while the less-knowledgeable adults and youth expressed having limited use of traditional weather forecasting in decision making. There were also differences in the use of specific traditional indicators based on the positionality of an individual in the society as well as age and gender. While the participants indicated that traditional weather forecasting is a reliable technique, climate change is believed to have resulted in unpredictable trends in recent years. For example, excessive floods, patchy and reduced rainfall, extensive heat spells with no specific patterns, changes in biological indicators, and thus, present a challenge to these agro-pastoralists. In all, traditional weather forecasting remains a cultural artefact in the community and will always be practised by the agro-pastoralists. However, many elements threaten the existence of the traditional weather forecasting such as the death of custodians of knowledge, the disruptive nature of climate change, youth migration to cities and the ubiquity of modern practices. Further to this, the prevalence of modern practices, for example Christianity, is transforming the use and beliefs of individuals in traditional weather forecasting leading to reduced intergenerational transfers of the traditional weather forecasting. It is prudent to expect that as cultural practices change within societies, cognisant of the fact that culture is dynamic, it is also expected that the use of traditional weather forecasting will change. It should, however, not be construed that the changes in the use of traditional weather and seasonal forecasting are an indication of the unreliability of traditional indicators, but inability of individuals to forecast. In turn, the study recommends the conservation of the traditional weather forecasting and traditionally important biological indicators. This can be promoted through documentation and teaching of traditional weather and seasonal forecasting techniques in conventional educational programmes. Alongside this, integration of traditional and scientific weather forecasting could be used to develop national policies to facilitate effective drought and flood coping strategies that are inclusive and aimed at limiting the traditional weather forecasting knowledge gap among agro-pastoralists of different age and gender groups. Interventions by the government can be redirected to traditional leaders or elders who bear extensive knowledge on traditional weather indicators to create awareness and facilitate knowledge exchange especially in aiding agro-pastoralists to cope with climate variability. Also, for those who are sceptical of traditional weather forecasting, the use of religious gatherings of different denominations can be an option to facilitate awareness raising of coping strategies that can be explored to reduce vulnerability amongst this group of agro-pastoralists by teaching them to adapt to the changing weather using local knowledge.
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Baird, Timothy David Whitmore Thomas M. "The effects of conservation on risk perception and behavioral response among local agro-pastoralists in northern Tanzania, 2004-2005." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1289.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Apr. 25, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Geography." Discipline: Geography; Department/School: Geography.
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Books on the topic "Agro-pastoralists"

1

Swallow, Brent M. The role of mobility within the risk management strategies of pastoralists and agro-pastoralists. London, UK: Sustainable Agriculture Programme of the International Institute for Environment and Development, 1994.

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Tobisson, Eva. Family dynamics among the Kuria: Agro-pastoralists in Northern Tanzania. Göteborg, Sweden: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 1986.

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Reconstructing identities: Tribes, agro-pastoralists, and environment in western India, seventh-twentieth centuries. New Delhi: Manohar, 2008.

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Shehu, Jimoh. Coping with changing conditions of the life and work: The case of Mbugwe women agro-pastoralists, Mbabati [sic] District, Tanzania. Kampala, Uganda: Centre for Basic Research, 2001.

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From Conflict to Consensus: Towards Joint Management of Natural Resources by Pastoralists and Agro-pastoralists in the Zone of Kishi Beiga, Burkina Faso. International Institute for Environment and Development, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Agro-pastoralists"

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Snorek, Julie. "Local Institutions, Collective Action, and Divergent Adaptation: Case from Agro-Pastoral Niger." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_186-1.

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AbstractAdaptation is a highly contextual process, framed by institutions. When one group’s adaptation to climate hazards reduces another’s adaptive capacity, this is called divergent adaptation. The nuances of divergent adaptation are revealed in how institutions influence divergent adaptation outcomes, either to exacerbate conflict or to bring about greater peace and cooperation. By examining the sometimes conflicting adaptations of pastoralists and agro-pastoralists in Niger, this chapter describes the process of divergent adaptation through an institutional analysis from multiple scales. At the national scale, climate change adaptation policies and perspectives are entrenched in sedentarization politics vis-à-vis pastoral livelihoods. At the local scale, pastoralists take a defensive position as an adaptation pathway, to ensure secure passage with their livestock to water and pasture. However, in localities where local institutional actors have enhanced collective action arenas in which pastoral and agro-pastoral groups are represented, conflict dynamics are abated. Climate adaptation is not without conflict; however, local and sub-national institutions are critical to providing opportunities for collective action, cooperation, and peace in the context of divergent adaptation. Based on these findings, it is recommended that conflict and adaptation management and planning be integrated at multiple scales.
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Snorek, Julie. "Local Institutions, Collective Action, and Divergent Adaptation: Case from Agro-Pastoral Niger." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2117–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_186.

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AbstractAdaptation is a highly contextual process, framed by institutions. When one group’s adaptation to climate hazards reduces another’s adaptive capacity, this is called divergent adaptation. The nuances of divergent adaptation are revealed in how institutions influence divergent adaptation outcomes, either to exacerbate conflict or to bring about greater peace and cooperation. By examining the sometimes conflicting adaptations of pastoralists and agro-pastoralists in Niger, this chapter describes the process of divergent adaptation through an institutional analysis from multiple scales. At the national scale, climate change adaptation policies and perspectives are entrenched in sedentarization politics vis-à-vis pastoral livelihoods. At the local scale, pastoralists take a defensive position as an adaptation pathway, to ensure secure passage with their livestock to water and pasture. However, in localities where local institutional actors have enhanced collective action arenas in which pastoral and agro-pastoral groups are represented, conflict dynamics are abated. Climate adaptation is not without conflict; however, local and sub-national institutions are critical to providing opportunities for collective action, cooperation, and peace in the context of divergent adaptation. Based on these findings, it is recommended that conflict and adaptation management and planning be integrated at multiple scales.
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Songok, Charles Kipkorir, Emmanuel Chessum Kipkorir, Edward Musungu Mugalavai, Andrew Chepkok Kwonyike, and Caroline Ng’weno. "Improving the Participation of Agro-Pastoralists in Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy Formulation: A Case Study from Keiyo District, Kenya." In Climate Change Management, 55–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22315-0_4.

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T. Sewando, Ponsian. "Efficacy of Risk Reducing Diversification Portfolio Strategies among Agro-Pastoralists in Semi-Arid Area: A Modern Portfolio Theory Approach." In Agrometeorology. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94133.

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Agro-pastoralists in the tropical semi-arid dryland areas of sub-Saharan Africa are significantly affected by climate change and variability. The agro-pastoral families are coping with production-related climatic risks through livelihood diversification to ensure food security. Data were collected from a sample of 411 agro-pastoralists across five districts in the semi-arid northern and central regions of Tanzania through survey conducted between November 2017 and July 2018. Secondary data regarding crop yields and livestock populations for eight years from 2009 to 2017 were collected from the National Bureau of Statistics and the respective District offices. Results show that about three-quarters of the agro-pastoralists managed diversified crop and livestock portfolios with two or more crops and animal species. However, simulated crop yields reveal positive correlations. Construction of integrated portfolios that generate good returns at a modest risk can be achieved through strategic choices between high-return high-risk and low-return low-risk crop and livestock activities. Thus, the paper recommends for costly long-term breeding and genotype improvement programs, strategically changing the make-up of the current crop and livestock portfolios which appear to be an affordable and tailored solution for building risk resilience among agro-pastoral communities in the drylands.
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de Haan, Cees, Tim Robinson, Giulia Conchedda, Polly Ericksen, Mohammed Said, Lance Robinson, Fiona Flintan, et al. "Livestock Production Systems: Seizing the Opportunities for Pastoralists and Agro-Pastoralists." In Confronting Drought in Africa's Drylands: Opportunities for Enhancing Resilience, 77–100. The World Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0817-3_ch5.

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"ISSUES IN THE STUDY OF THE DEMOCRAPHY OF SAHELLIAN PASTORALISTS AND AGRO–PASTORALISTS." In Population, Health and Nutrition in the Sahel, 47–66. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203839188-10.

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Barnard, Alan. "From Mesolithic to Neolithic modes of thought." In Going Over: The Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition in North-West Europe. British Academy, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264140.003.0002.

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This chapter begins by outlining two proposed modes of thought, which are characterized by opposite perceptions in at least four domains: saving versus consumption (which reflect notions of time and work); decision-making and political hierarchy; degree and kind of kin category extension; and notions of land, place, and settlement. All of these have implications for understanding group structure, transhumance, migration, and so on. The chapter then addresses the question of whether Mesolithic thought persisted into the Neolithic. It argues that mode of thought is much slower to change than mode of production. Social relations retain the structures of hunter-gatherer times if these are deeply rooted in cultural understandings of sociality. The existence nearby of agro-pastoralists does not make former hunter-gatherers think more like agro-pastoralists; it may even accentuate the differences in their thinking by making each side more aware of what makes them, say, Mesolithic or Neolithic.
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Tomka, Steve A. "Site abandonment behavior among transhumant agro-pastoralists: the effects of delayed curation on assemblage composition." In The Abandonment of Settlements and Regions, 11–24. Cambridge University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511735240.002.

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Tembo, Mavuto D. "Understanding Adaptive Capacity On The Ground: A Case Of Agro-Pastoralists In A Rural Parish, Uganda." In Water And Development. Zed Books Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350223899.ch-009.

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Reports on the topic "Agro-pastoralists"

1

Yahaya, Awaiss, Sandra Sotelo Reyes, and Philippe Massebiau. Vulnerability and Risk Assessment in the Context of Men and Women Agro-pastoralists in Chad. Oxfam, April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2017.2296.

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