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Academic literature on the topic 'Agrochemical'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Agrochemical"

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Obulamah, Nafisat M., Emmanuel S. Salau, Ezra G. Luka, and Haruna S. Umar. "Factors Affecting the Adoption of Agrochemical Safety Measures among Crop Farmers in Southern Agricultural Zone of Nasarawa State, Nigeria." Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal 14, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.52951/dasj.22140215.

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The study identified the factors affecting the adoption of agrochemical safety measures among crop farmers in the Southern Agricultural Zone of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study include; identifying the rate of awareness of agrochemical safety measures, to identify adoption level of agrochemical safety measures and to determine the effect of socio-economic characteristic on the adoption of agrochemical safety measures. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select 220 crop farmers for the study. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data and data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The Result of the study revealed that farmers in the area were aware of the following agrochemical safety measures: avoid eating and drinking when using agrochemicals/bathing after spraying (85%), washing spraying clothes separately from other clothes (74%), and danger of ingestion/inhalation of agrochemicals (70%) among others. Also, results on the adoption of agrochemical safety measures show that 50% of the respondents adopted on a high scale level, 38% adopted on a medium scale and 12% adopted on a low scale. Level of education, extension contact, farm size, and household size were the socio-economic characteristics that had un influence on the adoption of agrochemical safety measures in the area. It is therefore recommended that extension workers should intensify un enlightenment campaign on the danger of exposure to agrochemicals in order to achieve full adoption of agrochemical safety measures by crop farmers.

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Mabe, Franklin N., Kwadwo Talabi, and Gideon Danso-Abbeam. "Awareness of Health Implications of Agrochemical Use: Effects on Maize Production in Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality, Ghana." Advances in Agriculture 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7960964.

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This study assessed factors that affect awareness of health implications of agrochemical use and its effects on maize production in Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality of Ashanti Region, Ghana. One hundred and fifty-four (154) maize farmers were randomly sampled from the municipality. The study used awareness indicators to estimate an index representing farmers’ awareness levels of health implications of agrochemical use. An ordered logit compliment with multivariate linear regression model was used to identify the drivers of farmers’ awareness level of health implications of agrochemical use. Also, a multivariate linear regression model was used to analyze the effects of health implications of agrochemical use on maize output. On average, the respondents have the moderate awareness level of health implications of agrochemical use (0.578). The awareness level was significantly explained by education, the number of children in school, ownership of TV/radio, experience in agrochemicals use, and farm size. The multivariate linear regression results showed that awareness levels of health implications of agrochemical use increase maize output. It is therefore recommended that interventions aimed at increasing farmers’ awareness levels of health implications of agrochemicals use should focus on educating farmers through interactive radio discussion and training sessions on the field and incorporate safety use of agrochemical in our educational curriculum.

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Mariyono, Joko, Apri Kuntariningsih, Enny Suswati, and Tom Kompas. "Quantity and monetary value of agrochemical pollution from intensive farming in Indonesia." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 29, no. 4 (June 11, 2018): 759–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-03-2017-0030.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to measure the environmental performance of intensive farming and estimate agrochemical waste in physical and monetary terms. The intensive farming provides adverse impacts including health and environmental quality associated with the use of agrochemicals. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a theory of environmental efficiency that measures how efficient the farm uses agrochemical inputs. The efficiency was estimated using a set of farm-level data of intensive farming that use agrochemicals. Data were compiled from a survey of randomly selected 240 farmers who operated intensive farming in three regions of Java in 2014. Findings The results show that the performance of intensive farming was low. This condition caused agrochemical waste leading to the externality. Taking the external costs into account resulted in the improvement in efficiency of agrochemicals. The actual level of agrochemicals was about a hundred times higher than the most efficient level. Research limitations/implications This study is beyond the exogenous external costs. There is a need for a further comprehensive study to include more exogenous external costs associated with agrochemicals to have the potential value of such costs and the most socially efficient use of agrochemicals. The long-term effects of external cost to the environment and socio-economic livelihood of the farmers and other communities are considerable. Advocating for alternatives to decrease the use of detrimental agro-inputs, in the long run, will provide sound quality of the environment. Socially, both producers and consumers get the environmental and health benefits. Practical implications To reduce the agrochemical waste that caused environmental problems, a policy should be formulated to make farming more efficient, particularly for agrochemical use. It can be done by introducing agronomic technologies and enhancing farmers’ knowledge on environmentally friendly agriculture. Originality/value Environmental efficiency is able to estimate the quantity of agrochemical waste. The waste is a kind of non-point source pollution whose source and quantity are very difficult to identify and measure. As there are many definitions and measurement of environmental performance, this concept of environmental efficiency can be one of the alternatives.

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Demi, Suleyman M., and Suzanne R. Sicchia. "Agrochemicals Use Practices and Health Challenges of Smallholder Farmers in Ghana." Environmental Health Insights 15 (January 2021): 117863022110430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786302211043033.

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Background: Globally, Africa is one of the continents that uses the lowest quantity of agrochemicals in farming. However, unsafe chemical use practices are high among farmers in Africa, posing serious health and environmental consequences. This study seeks to address three questions: (1) What factors motivate/compel smallholder farmers in Ghana to use agrochemicals? (2) What safety precautions or unsafe chemical use practices can be found in the communities? (3) What are the health implications of agrochemical use among smallholder farmers in Ghana? Methodology: The study used purposive and simple random sampling techniques to select 136 individuals for the survey, out of which 31 individuals were eliminated, and 105 participants were selected for in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Additionally, participants’ observations were collected, workshops were facilitated, and documents analyses were conducted. Qualitative data were analyzed using NVivo software and the quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Findings: The study found that environmental challenges, activities of NGOs, government policy, lack of or high cost of labor, and competition among farmers were major factors influencing farmers’ decisions to use agrochemicals. Present agrochemical use in Ghana poses a risk to health and the environment. Finally, the study discovered chemical poisoning and low self-reported health quality as major health implications of agrochemical use in the communities.

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Wong, Eric, and Julia Hagen. "An Evidence-based Causal Perspective of Agrochemical Pollution and Its Impact on Health." Science Insights 41, no. 5 (October 30, 2022): 691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15354/si.22.re086.

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The extensive use of agrochemicals has had a wide range of impacts on human health. The research progress of the impact of agrochemical use on human health is reviewed, in order to provide some support and protection for taking corresponding measures to minimize or avoid the harm of agrochemicals to human health.

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Xie, Lin, Zeyuan Qiu, Liangzhi You, and Yang Kang. "A Macro Perspective on the Relationship between Farm Size and Agrochemicals Use in China." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (November 9, 2020): 9299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219299.

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Agrochemicals are overused in China. One strategy to reduce agrochemical use is to increase farm size because of the potential effect of economy of scale. Existing studies at a micro scale present mixed and often conflicting results on the relationship between agrochemical use and farm size. This study aimed to assess that relationship from a macro perspective using an aggregated panel dataset in 30 provinces in China from 2009 to 2016. The empirical results confirm the existence of both economy and diseconomy of scale effects on agrochemical use in China. The agrochemical application rates decreased as the proportion of farms between 0.667 and 2 ha increased. The diseconomy of scale existed when significantly larger farms, such as the farms larger than 3.34 ha, continued to emerge. Given the fact that 78.6% of farms are under 0.667 ha in China, our results suggest that the reduction strategy based on only expanding farm size might achieve some initial success in reducing agrochemical use, but the effect would fade away and be reversed as significantly large farms continue to emerge. These results have significant policy implications as China is proactively developing and implementing various policies and strategies to modernize its agriculture toward achieving its sustainability goals.

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Monteiro, Emiliano Soares, Rodrigo da Rosa Righi, Jorge Luis Victória Barbosa, and Antônio Marcos Alberti. "APTM: A Model for Pervasive Traceability of Agrochemicals." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (September 2, 2021): 8149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178149.

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As the world population increases and the need for food monoculture farms are using more and more agrochemicals, there is also an increase in the possibility of theft, misuse, environmental damage, piracy of products, and health problems. This article addresses these issues by introducing the agrochemical pervasive traceability model (APTM), which integrates machine learning, sensors, microcontrollers, gamification, and two blockchains. It contributes in two dimensions: (I) the study of the environmental, product piracy and regulatory of agrochemical control; (II) the technological dimension: application of an adequate set of sensors collecting multiple data; modeling and implementation of a system via machine learning for analyzing and predicting the behavior and use of agrochemicals; development of a scoring system via gamification for reverse use of agrochemicals; and presenting a record of transactions in a consortium of two blockchains, simultaneously. Its main advantage is to be a flexible, adaptable, and expansive model. Results indicated that the model has positive aspects, from detecting the agrochemical, its handling, and disposal, recording of transactions, and data visualization along the reverse supply chain. This study obtained a round trip time of 0.510 ms on average; data transfers between layer one and its persistence in the database were between 4 to 5 s. Thus, blockchain nodes consumed only 34 to 38% of CPU and recorded transactions between 2 to 4 s. These results point to a horizon of applicability in real situations within agricultural farms.

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Ferraz, Fabrina Teixeira, Luciano Cavalcante de Jesus França, Adênio Louzeiro de Aguiar Júnior, Temístocles Pacheco Lima, and Fausto Weimar Acerbi Júnior. "Risk of agrochemical contamination in a hydrographic basin in the matopiba region in Brazil." Revista Engenharia na Agricultura - REVENG 30 (August 17, 2022): 246–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v30i1.13813.

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The intensive use of agrochemicals has been associated with global human health problems and environmental contamination. Brazil is the world’s largest agrochemical consumer, and this position highlights the growth of agribusiness in the MATOPIBA region (Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí, and Bahia states). The use of agrochemicals is recurrent in local agricultural practices. However, there is little information on the environmental impacts and risks of contamination regarding river basins in this region. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the risk of contamination by agrochemicals in the basin area of the Açailândia River in Maranhão. From the multicriteria evaluation, environmental information plans were used to determine the trend of water behavior, infiltration, and runoff, along with agrochemical transportation. The joint evaluation of this information was used to generate the final map of the areas of contamination risk posed by agrochemicals in the region. The hydrographic basin presented high anthropization, with an increase of approximately 27% in land use and occupation by crops in the period from 1984 to 2018. The area of 1087.62 km², corresponding to 35.9% of the basin area, presented a high and extremely high risk of contamination.

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CHO, Kwang Yun. "Agrochemical Industry and Agrochemical Research in Korea." Journal of Pesticide Science 21, no. 1 (1996): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.21.119.

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Hirunrussamee, Jittima, Waranya Wongwit, Prapin Tharnpoophasiam, Suwalee Worakhunpiset, Kraichat Tantrakarnapa, and Anamai Thetkathuek. "Agrochemical Residues in Soil, Water, Chicken’sBlood and Worker’s Urine Samples in Rose Farms, Tak Province, Thailand." Journal of Environmental Science and Management 25, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2022_1/05.

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The agrochemical overuse, especially that of paraquat, cypermethrin and carbendazim, has been observed in Thailand. Residuals do not only contaminate the environment and agricultural products, but also other living organisms related to the farming. With less attention being paid to the agrochemical residues in the environment, this study aimed to quantify agrochemical residues in soil, water, chicken’s blood and worker’s urine samples across different periods of cultivation among nine rose farms in Tak Province, Thailand were selected as study sites. Various agrochemicals were used throughout the year; particular attention was paid to paraquat, cypermethrin and carbendazim. Soil and water samples represented the environment, chicken’s blood represented animal subjects, and urine samples of rose farmers represented human subjects. The study revealed the existence of those three agrochemical residues in both soil and water samples. It was only in soil samples that paraquat and cypermethrin concentrations were higher than the maximum allowable concentration (47.24 mg kg-1and 0.24 mg kg-1, respectively). Residues of cypermethrin and carbendazim were found only in chicken’s blood (0.0280 μg L-1 and 0.0750 - 0.1640 μg L-1, respectively). Since rose farmers were well equipped with personal protective equipment when applying the pesticides, paraquat, cypermethrin and carbendazim quantifications in their urine samples were all below the detectable limits of the instruments used. Further studies such as better methods for residue analysis and a larger sample size are needed. More reliable quantifications may possibly result in assessing the relationship between agrochemical residues among environmental and living organisms.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agrochemical"

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片山, 新太. "INFOCRIS and the IUPAC Compendium of Agrochemical Information." 日本農薬学会, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10921.

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Campbell, Stuart John. "S-substituted thiophenes as compounds of agrochemical interest." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246187.

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Glasgow, Lindonne Marcia. "Socioeconomic Characteristics of Farmers and Agrochemical Use in Grenada." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6029.

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The World Health Organization classified carbaryl, glyphosate, and paraquat as hazardous to human health. In the Agriculture Health Study in the United States, health problems were associated with the use of these 3 agrochemicals 12 or more times per year. These 3 agrochemicals were commonly used in Grenada. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between the social and economic characteristics of the farmers who participated in the 2012 agriculture survey and the use of agrochemicals at frequencies that could pose health risks. Five constructs of the social cognitive theory were used as the premise to hypothesize relationships between the variables. Binomial regression analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses of relationships between the characteristics of 8,868 farmers and use of agrochemicals or herbicides -?¥12 timers per year. Statistically significant relationships were found between 16 characteristics of the farmers and use of agrochemicals. Significant relationships were also found between 8 characteristics of the farmers and use of herbicides -?¥12 timers per year. The findings of this study show that several characteristics of the farmers in Grenada were associated with the use of agrochemicals at frequencies that were hazardous to health. By demonstrating the need to implement preventive measures and adopt the precautionary principle in the use of agrochemicals, positive changes can be made in monitoring agriculture practices, health surveillance, and clinical practice.

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Halstead, Neal T. "Impacts Of Agrochemical Pollution On Aquatic Communities And Human Disease." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5870.

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The global human population is expected to exceed 9 billion individuals by 2050, putting greater strain on the natural resources needed to sustain such a population. To feed this many people, some expect agricultural production will have to double and agrochemical use will have to increase anywhere from two- to five-fold relative to the turn of the century. Although industrial agriculture has provided many benefits to society, it has caused declines in biodiversity, both directly (e.g., through conversion of habitat) and indirectly (e.g., through contamination of adjacent natural habitats). Agricultural activity has also been linked to increased prevalence and intensity of trematode infections in wildlife and humans - directly by increasing available aquatic habitat for the snail intermediate hosts of trematode parasites and indirectly by altering the biological composition of aquatic habitats in ways that increase snail density. While the effects of single agrochemical contaminants on aquatic communities and trematode disease risk have been examined, agrochemical pollution typically occurs as mixtures of multiple chemical types in surface waters and the effects of mixtures on aquatic communities have received less attention. Moreover, given the high number of chemicals approved for agricultural use, the number of potential combinations of agrochemicals renders testing all possible combinations implausible. Thus, there is a critical need to develop better risk assessment tools in the face of this complexity. I developed and tested a theoretical framework that posits that the net effects of agrochemical mixtures on aquatic communities can be predicted by integrating knowledge of each functional group's 1) sensitivity to the chemicals (direct effects), 2) reproductive rates (recovery rates), 3) interaction strength with other functional groups (indirect effects), and 4) links to ecosystem properties. I conducted a freshwater mesocosm experiment to quantify community- and ecosystem-level responses to pairwise mixtures of four major agrochemical types (fertilizer, herbicide, insecticide, and fungicide) and single chemical treatments. The responses of biodiversity and ecosystem properties to agrochemicals alone and in mixtures were indeed predictable. Moreover, these results show that community ecology theory holds promise for predicting the effects of contaminant mixtures and offer recommendations on which types of agrochemicals to apply together and separately to reduce their impacts on aquatic ecosystems. I extended this framework to test if the direct effects of pesticides can be predicted by chemical class and/or mode of action. I performed standard toxicity trials on two invertebrate predators of snails (crayfish and giant water bugs) exposed to six insecticides belonging to two chemical classes (organophosphates and pyrethroids) to determine if environmental risk can be generalized to either insecticide class or insecticide exposure. Survival analyses demonstrated that insecticide class accounted for 55.7% and 91.1% of explained variance in crayfish and water bug survival, respectively. Simulated environmental exposures using US EPA software suggested that organophosphate insecticides present relatively low risk (as defined by the US EPA) to both crayfish and water bugs, while pyrethroid insecticides present consistently high risk to crayfish but not to water bugs, where only λ-cyhalothrin produced consistently high-risk exposure scenarios. Thus, risk to non-target organisms is well predicted by pesticide class. Furthermore, identifying insecticides that pose low risk to aquatic macroarthropods might help meet increased demands for food while mitigating against potential negative effects on ecosystem functions. Because evidence from field data and manipulated experiments demonstrated both top-down and bottom-up effects of agrochemical pollution that increased snail densities and trematode infections in wildlife, I conducted an additional agrochemical mixture experiment with freshwater communities containing the snail hosts of schistosomiasis, which has also been linked to agriculture. As expected, top-down and bottom-up effects of insecticide, herbicide, and fertilizer exposure indirectly increased snail densities, individually and as mixtures. Agrochemical exposure and snail density together accounted for 88% of the variation in the density of infected snails. Thus, agrochemical pollution has great potential to increase human exposure to schistosome parasites, and underscores the importance of identifying low-risk alternative pesticides. A subsequent mesocosm experiment with the same six insecticides used previously in laboratory trials confirmed that insecticide exposure indirectly mediates the densities of snail hosts that can transmit schistosomiasis through the direct effects of insecticides on crayfish mortality. Importantly, crayfish mortality in semi-natural mesocosm trials closely matched mortality from controlled laboratory trials. Thus, standard laboratory toxicity tests can be a useful tool for identifying alternative insecticides that might pose lower environmental risks to important predators that regulate snail densities. Identifying practices or agrochemicals that minimize this risk is critical to sustainably improving human health in schistosome-endemic regions. The theoretical framework presented here demonstrates the feasibility of predicting the effects of contaminant mixtures and highlights consistent effects of major agrochemical types (e.g. fertilizers, insecticides, etc.) on freshwater aquatic community composition. Furthermore, the strong top-down effects of invertebrate snail predators highlight that managing for high snail predator densities in might be a particularly effective strategy for reducing the burden of schistosomiasis in tropical countries.

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Peets, Sven. "Specification, design and evaluation of an automated agrochemical traceability system." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2009. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4495.

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Traceability through all the stakeholders in food production is an issue of increasing importance, being specifically required by the regulations for food safety and quality (EC 178/2002), and for compliance with environmental protection. The agricultural market perceives a need for systems and technologies to automate the currently manual process of producing records of agrochemical inputs loaded into a spraying machine. A novel prototype Automated Agrochemical Traceability System (AACTS) to identify and weigh agrochemicals as they are loaded into crop sprayer has been designed, constructed, fitted to a machine and evaluated with commercial operators. The functional blocks of the system are a 13.56 MHz RFID reader, 1.4 litre self cleaning weighing funnel mounted on a 3 kg load cell, a user interface with a screen and three user command buttons (Yes, No, Back), and a progress bar made of 8 coloured LED’s (green, amber, red). The system is able to trace individual agrochemical containers, associate the product identity with national agrochemical databases, quantify the required amount of product, assist the sprayer operator and control workflow, generate records of sprayer inputs and interoperate with (recommending extensions to) task management standards as set out in ISO 11783-10. The evaluation of the quantity weighing has demonstrated that with such a system, the principal noise component is in the range of 33–83 Hz, induced by the operating tractor engine. A combined 3 Hz low pass digital filter with a second stage rolling mean of 5 values improves performance to allow a practical resolution of 1 gram (engine switched off) to 3.6 grams (sprayer fully operational) with a response appropriate to suit human reaction time. This is a significant improvement over the ±10 grams of the work of Watts (2004). An experiment with 10 sprayer operators has proved that in the majority of cases (92%) an accuracy equal or better than ±5% is achieved regardless of dispensing speed. The dispensed amounts (100.36% of target) and recorded (100.16%) are in accordance with prescribed values (100%; LSD(5%) 2.166%), where amounts dispensed by manual methods (92.61%) differ significantly from prescribed and recorded value (100%). The AACTS delivers a statistically similar work rate (211.8 s/task) as manual method (201.3 s/task; Δt = 10.5 s/task; LSD(5%) 28.2 s/task) in combined loading and recording cycle. Considering only the loading time (181.2 s/task) of manual method, the difference is 30.6 s/task (LSD(5%) 30.1 s/task). In practice this difference is believed to be marginal compared to the time required to load the water, random external events during the spraying session and in time moving, checking and storing paper records. The integrated weighing funnel concept is another significant improvement over previous work. Using this system, the mean duration of measuring per container for all tasks (34.0 s) is approximately half the time (68.5 s) achieved by Watts (2004). The AACTS was rated to be safer than the manual method regarding operator health and safety and risk of spillage. All operators who evaluated the AACTS were interested in purchasing such a system. The work confirmed that an RFID system was an appropriate media for agrochemical identification performing more than 250 product identification operations during operator tests without failure, with a speed of operation <1 s per cycle and reading distance of 100 mm. A specific format for RFID tag data is proposed for adoption, using low cost tags, that combines item level traceability with identification of products independently without access to worldwide databases. The AACTS follows ISO 11783 task management logic where a job is defined in a prepared electronic task file. It is proposed to extend the ISO 11783-10 task file to integrate the records provided by AACTS by handling the tank loads as individual products resulting from loading task and allocating them to spraying tasks. It is recommended to produce a production prototype following the design methodology, analysis techniques and performance drivers presented in this work and develop the features of user interface and records of tank content into software for ISO 11783-10 cabin task controller to deliver business benefits to the farming industry. The results with RFID encourage the adoption of RFID labelling of agrochemical containers. The reader may wish to read this thesis in parallel with Gasparin (2009) who has considered the business and industry adoption aspects of the AACTS.

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Martin, Jamie Howard. "Agrochemical impacts on non-target predatory invertebrates in brassica crops." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399858.

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Moosbrugger, Lorelei K. "Institutions with environmental consequences : the politics of agrochemical policy-making /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3027042.

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Ekwempu, Adaobi Ifeoma. "Safe Chemical Handling by Agrochemical Users in Plateau State, Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7137.

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Agrochemical use has been increasing in both developing and the developed nations. The unsafe handling and use of agrochemicals can lead to accumulation of hazardous chemicals in the body, causing adverse effects on health. This quantitative cross sectional study sought to understand the level of awareness, practices, and perceptions of safe chemical handling by agrochemical using the Theory of Planned Behavior. This study was conducted among 260 farmers in Plateau State, Nigeria. Data on background knowledge and practices of safe agrochemical handling by farmers were collected using a structured paper based, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics revealed that the most practiced precautions by participants were washing work clothes separately (56.9%) and taking a shower soon after application of agrochemicals (53.6%). Findings from this study suggest that farmers had good knowledge of safe use of agrochemicals and majority of them 91.9% were knowledgeable about the possible effects of these chemicals on health. A Chi square test showed a statistically significant association between marital status and engagement in safe agrochemical handling X2 (2, N = 260) = 7.34, p <. 05 and level of education X2 (4, N = 260) = 35.12, p <. 05. Results of Binary logistic regression indicated that the variable training on safe agrochemical handling with an odds ratio 8.31 was a good predictor for safe agrochemical handling An important finding in this study however was a low level of adoption for the use of Personal Protective Equipment. Priority should be given to developing safety educational and certification programs for farmers with emphasis on the safe handling practices.

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Moravec, Lukáš. "Analysis of Cross-border Distributor Trends in the CEE Agrochemical Markets." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192853.

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The goal of this thesis is to analyze the emerging trends in the cross-border agrochemical distributors' network in Central and Eastern Europe. It aims to answer three research hypotheses and uses desk research methodology to reach this goal. The thesis studies five distributors of agrochemicals considered as pioneers in the industry and assumes their behavior as a proxy for the whole industry behavior. It verifies the first hypothesis that there is an ongoing cross-border consolidation of the distribution network. On the other hand, due to the industry stage and the agrochemicals' market growth it rejects the second hypothesis that there is a pressure on industry profitability. At last, it confirms the third hypothesis that suppliers should consider a change to cope with cross-border customers. In addition, it suggests two areas how to create additional value for the distributors and their suppliers.

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Severs, J. C. "Capillary electrophoretic and mass spectrometric analysis of some pharmaceutical and agrochemical compounds." Thesis, Swansea University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638796.

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The relatively new separation technique of capillary electrophoresis, with its ability to provide rapid, high resolution separations based on electrophoretic mobility differences, has developed enormously over the last decade. Although the technique was first interfaced to mass spectrometry within a few years of its conception, when the studies described here were undertaken there were few reports of the use of such combined systems. The objectives of these studies were to conduct further investigations into the interfacing of capillary electrophoresis with mass spectrometry via atmospheric-pressure ionisation sources. The system was then to be used for the analysis of some polar and ionic compounds of interest to the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. The fundamentals of capillary electrophoresis, mass spectrometry and combined systems are reviewed. Interfaces developed in these studies for capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry for a range of capillary electrophoresis instruments and atmospheric-pressure ionisation sources are described and detailed practical instructions for their use are given. The results obtained for the separation and detection of analytes in three sets of compounds; some herbicide analogues, some β-blocker drugs and some small peptides are presented in Chapter 3. Transient capillary isotachophoresis methods have been developed and optimised for all three sets of analytes, improving concentration detection limits by at least an order of magnitude. The use of small-diameter capillaries has also been shown to improve sensitivity. Separation of two structurally similar herbicide analogues has been effected by the addition of an optimised concentration of a cyclodextrin to the electrophoresis buffer, and use of cyclodextrins in capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionisation systems has been studied. Use of deuterated buffers in the combined system has been shown to improve certain separations and, through mass spectra showing deuterium exchange, provide further structural information for analysis. Practical considerations for successful completion of such studies are described.

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Books on the topic "Agrochemical"

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Baker, Don R., and Noriharu Ken Umetsu, eds. Agrochemical Discovery. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2001-0774.

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Clark, J. Marshall, and Isamu Yamaguchi, eds. Agrochemical Resistance. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2002-0808.

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Steinheimer, Thomas R., Lisa J. Ross, and Terry D. Spittler, eds. Agrochemical Fate and Movement. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2000-0751.

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Group, ICC Information, ed. The Agrochemical & fertiliser industry. Hampton: ICC Information Group, 1996.

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Ltd, ICC Business Publications, ed. The Agrochemical & fertiliser industry. Hampton: ICC Business Publications Limited, 1998.

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Group, ICC Information, ed. The Agrochemical & fertiliser industry. Hampton: ICC Information Group, 1995.

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Chemistry, Royal Society of, ed. European directory of agrochemical products. Nottingham: Royal Society of Chemistry, 1985.

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Agrochemical and pesticide safety handbook. Boca Raton: Lewis Publishers, 1998.

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Hamish, Kidd, James David R, and Royal Society of Chemistry, eds. European directory of agrochemical products. 4th ed. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 1990.

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Hamish, Kidd, James David R, and Royal Society of Chemistry, eds. European directory of agrochemical products. 4th ed. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Agrochemical"

1

Tadros, Tharwat. "Agrochemical Formulations." In Encyclopedia of Colloid and Interface Science, 3–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20665-8_7.

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Thorsen, M., J. Feyen, and M. Styczen. "Agrochemical Modelling." In Distributed Hydrological Modelling, 121–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2_7.

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Aggrawal, Anil. "Agrochemical Poisoning." In Forensic Pathology Reviews, 261–327. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-921-9_10.

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Kohn, Gustave K., and Don R. Baker. "The Agrochemical Industry." In Riegel’s Handbook of Industrial Chemistry, 1141–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6431-4_29.

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Singh, K. N., and Kavita Merchant. "The Agrochemical Industry." In Handbook of Industrial Chemistry and Biotechnology, 709–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52287-6_11.

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Kohn, Gustave K., and Don R. Baker. "The Agrochemical Industry." In Riegel’s Handbook of Industrial Chemistry, 1141–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7691-0_29.

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Singh, K. N., and Kavita Merchant. "The Agrochemical Industry." In Handbook of Industrial Chemistry and Biotechnology, 643–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4259-2_17.

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Malte, A. M., and A. T. Lilani. "The Agrochemical Industry." In Kent and Riegel’s Handbook of Industrial Chemistry and Biotechnology, 719–800. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-27843-8_17.

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Baker, Don R., and Noriharu Ken Umetsu. "Modern Agrochemical Discovery." In ACS Symposium Series, 1–6. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2001-0774.ch001.

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Kent, James A. "The Agrochemical Industry." In Riegel's Handbook of Industrial Chemistry, 1235–316. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-23816-6_30.

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Conference papers on the topic "Agrochemical"

1

TANA, Tana Maria Cristina. "CHARACTERIZATION VINEYARD SOIL AGROCHEMICAL TARNAVE." In 13th SGEM GeoConference on WATER RESOURCES. FOREST, MARINE AND OCEAN ECOSYSTEMS. Stef92 Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2013/bc3/s13.006.

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Utkin, A. A. "ASSESSMENT OF THE FERTILITY OF GRAY FOREST SOILS OF THE VLADIMIR OPOLE." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-57.

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The paper presents the results of a long-term agrochemical study of the arable horizon of reference areas of gray forest soils of the Vladimir region, which was carried out in order to establish the level of fertility according to the main agrochemical indicators. The fertility of the studied soils is estimated by calculating the soil-ecological index.

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Cioroianu, Mihai. "FERTILIZERS WITH NATURAL ORGANIC SUBSTANCES, AGROCHEMICAL EFFECTS." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/3.2/s13.027.

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Sirbu, Carmen. "FERTILIZERS WITH ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND AGROCHEMICAL EFFECTS." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018v/4.3/s06.033.

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Gaunt, Nick, Julian Moger, Niall Thomson, and Faheem Padia. "Monitoring agrochemical diffusion through cuticle wax with coherent Raman scattering." In Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences XVIII, edited by Ammasi Periasamy, Peter T. So, Xiaoliang S. Xie, and Karsten König. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2289746.

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Nascimento, G. C., and A. M. Pereira Andreazza. "Agrochemical modeling in rivers: the Sampaio irrigation project case study." In WATER POLLUTION 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp080351.

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Usmanov, R. R., and N. F. Hohlov. "ON THE ISSUE OF MULTIPLE EVALUATION OF THE DEPENDENCE OF YIELD ON THE CONJUGATE COMPLEX OF INDICATORS OF SOIL FERTILITY." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-54.

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A statistical assessment of the dependence of barley yield on agrophysical and agrochemical indicators of soil fertility has been carried out. It is recommended to select variables in the multiple regression model in the Stat program.Soft Statistica.

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Petrova, Vera, Milena Yordanova, Tsvetelina Nikolova, and Elena Tsvetkova. "IMPACT OF BIOCARBON ON AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL DURING BROCCOLI VEGETATION." In 20th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings 2020. STEF92 Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2020v/4.2/s06.22.

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Tasic, Ljubica, and Stephanie Fernanda Fulaz. "COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY TOOLS IN DESIGN OF AN AGROCHEMICAL AGAINST Xyllela fastidiosa." In XXIII Congresso de Iniciação Científica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoá, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2015-38174.

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Mustafin, S. K., and A. V. Rasskazov. "PHOSPHORITE ORES OF THE SOUTH URALS AS AN AGROCHEMICAL RAW MATERIAL: GEOLOGY, COMPOSITION, STATE OF KNOWLEDGE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS." In Проблемы минералогии, петрографии и металлогении. Научные чтения памяти П. Н. Чирвинского. Пермский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/chirvinsky.2021.138.

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The state and prospects of development of phosphorite ore resources as agrochemical raw materials of the Russian Federation are analyzed. The geological structure, composition of ores and the prospects for forecasting, assessing and integrated development of phosphorite deposits of the South Ural phosphorite basin are characterized.

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Reports on the topic "Agrochemical"

1

Sunthornjittanon, Supichaya. Linear Regression Analysis on Net Income of an Agrochemical Company in Thailand. Portland State University Library, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.137.

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Choksi, Neepa, Amber Daniel, Amy Clippinger, Nicole Kleinstreuer, and David Allen. Prospective and Retrospective Evaluation of the Eye Irritation Potential of Agrochemical Formulations. NIEHS, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22427/ntp-niceatm-1.

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Nasser, Ahmed, Amer Marie, Marcos Cheney, Uri Mingelgrin, Saed Khayat, and Abdallah S. Al-Zoubi. Tracing the Occurrence and Fate of the Agrochemicals in the Shallow Groundwater Aquifer along the Agricultural ‘Ghor Area’ (Faria- Jiftlek-Jericho) of the Jordan Valley (TAGO Project- Tracing Agrochemical Occurrence). United States Department of Agriculture, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7613892.bard.

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Chuian, O. G., G. M. Deriglazova, L. N. Karaulova, and O. A. Mitrokhina. THE MODEL OF MANAGEMENT OF AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS FOR CONDITIONS OF THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION. ФГБОУ ВО Курская ГСХА, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/issn1997-0749.2018-08-16.

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Paramonova, A., V. Ubugunova, G. Chernousenko, V. Ubugunov, B. Baldanov, and E. Tsyrempilov. SALINE SOILS OF THE FLOODPLAIN OF THE UPPER REACHES OF THE IRKUT RIVER: MORPHOGENETIC AND AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES. LJournal, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/paramon-bgsha17.

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Dolgopolova, N. V., I. Ya Pigorev, and V. V. Grudinkina. METHODOLOGY OF DESIGNING CROWNS, AGROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF SOILS AND THE OPTIMUM STRUCTURE OF SOWING AREAS IN ADAPTIVE LANDSCAPE AGRICULTURE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CENTRAL BLACK SOIL). ФГБОУ ВО Курская ГСХА, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/issn1997-0749.2018-06-14.

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Aktas, Lale Yildiz, Yigit Kucukcobanoglu, Ceren Turkcan Kayhan, Suleyman Gulcemal, and Sinan Akgol. Phe‑graft‑Poly(HEMA) Polymeric Nanoparticle: a Promising Tool to Design New Agrochemicals. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.01.09.

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Aharonson, Nadav, E. P. Lichtenstein, and Jaacov Katan. Effect of Agrochemicals and Agricultural Practices on the Performance and Fate of Selected Systemic and Non Systemic Soil Pesticides. United States Department of Agriculture, May 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1985.7594412.bard.

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Gurevitz, Michael, Michael E. Adams, Boaz Shaanan, Oren Froy, Dalia Gordon, Daewoo Lee, and Yong Zhao. Interacting Domains of Anti-Insect Scorpion Toxins and their Sodium Channel Binding Sites: Structure, Cooperative Interactions with Agrochemicals, and Application. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7585190.bard.

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Integrated pest management in modern crop protection may combine chemical and biological insecticides, particularly due to the risks to the environment and livestock arising from the massive use of non-selective chemicals. Thus, there is a need for safer alternatives, which target insects more specifically. Scorpions produce anti-insect selective polypeptide toxins that are biodegradable and non-toxic to warm-blooded animals. Therefore, integration of these substances into insect pest control strategies is of major importance. Moreover, clarification of the molecular basis of this selectivity may provide valuable information pertinent to their receptor sites and to the future design of peptidomimetic anti-insect specific substances. These toxins may also be important for reducing the current overuse of chemical insecticides if they produce a synergistic effect with conventional pesticides. Based on these considerations, our major objectives were: 1) To elucidate the three-dimensional structure and toxic-site of scorpion excitatory, "depressant, and anti-insect alpha toxins. 2) To obtain an initial view to the sodium channel recognition sites of the above toxins by generating peptide decoys through a phage display system. 3) To investigate the synergism between toxins and chemical insecticides. Our approach was to develop a suitable expression system for toxin production in a recombinant form and for elucidation of toxin bioactive sites via mutagenesis. In parallel, the mode of action and synergistic effects of scorpion insecticidal toxins with pyrethroids were studied at the sodium channel level using electrophysiological methods. Objective 1 was achieved for the alpha toxin, LqhaIT Zilberberg et al., 1996, 1997; Tugarinov et al., 1997; Froy et al., 2002), and the excitatory toxin, Bj-xtrIT (Oren et al., 1998; Froy et al., 1999; unpublished data). The bioactive surface of the depressant toxin, LqhIT2, has been clarified and a crystal of the toxin is now being analyzed (unpublished). Objective 2 was not successful thus far as no phages that recognize the toxins were obtained. We therefore initiated recently an alternative approach, which is introduction of mutations into recombinant channels and creation of channel chimeras. Objective 3 was undertaken at Riverside and the results demonstrated synergism between LqhaIT or AaIT and pyrethroids (Lee et al., 2002). Furthermore, negative cross-resistance between pyrethroids and scorpion toxins (LqhaIT and AaIT) was demonstrated at the molecular level. Although our study did not yield a product, it paves the way for future design of selective pesticides by capitalizing on the natural competence of scorpion toxins to distinguish between sodium channels of insects and vertebrates. We also show that future application of anti-insect toxins may enable to decrease the amounts of chemical pesticides due to their synergism.

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