Academic literature on the topic 'Agromatériau'
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Journal articles on the topic "Agromatériau"
Dobircau, Larisa, Jean-Marc Seiter, Redhouan Saiah, Nahtalie Leblanc, Caroline Terrié, and Richard Gattin. "Agromatériaux à base de farine de blé renforcés par des fibres de coton." Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés 18, no. 2 (August 31, 2008): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rcma.18.145-150.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Agromatériau"
Umurigirwa, Benitha Sandrine. "Élaboration et caractérisation d'un agromatériau chanvre-amidon pour le Bâtiment." Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIMS017/document.
Full textIn order to control energy consumption, several European countries including France, adopted regulations to optimize the energy performance of the building envelope. This fact could increase the level of indoor relative humidity which can affect the health of the occupants and causes material damage. Using eco-friendly materials such as hemp concrete which can buffer indoor moisture levels might contribute to maintain high indoor comfort.The main purpose of this thesis is to optimise and characterize a construction material made of hemp hurds and wheat starch binder.The formulation of the hemp-starch is studied by varying starch/hemp ratio and its impact on mechanical properties. Sound absorption coefficient is measured for optimal composition. To improve the adhesion between hemp fibers and starch matrix, alkali treatment with sodium hydroxide was performed to solubilize hemicelluloses and lignin seal surrounding the cellulose bundle in the first step and then a silane coupling agent (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxylsilane was used to provide a stable bond between hemp fibres and starch matrix. The influence of the treatments were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy (ATR). After the treatments, mechanical properties of hemp-starch material were studied.Hygrothermal properties of hemp-starch material with and without fibre treatment were also measured. These properties include sorption isotherm curve, water vapour permeability, thermal conductivity and moisture buffering value
Abdel, Baki Zaher. "Esters carboniques oléochimiques simples ou complexes co-formulants des agromatériaux." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/18664/1/ABDEL_BAKI.pdf.
Full textFollain, Nadège. "Mélanges miscibles à base d'amidon : relations Formulations / Propriétés." Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIMS009.
Full textThe aim of this study was to understand and improve mechanical properties of plasticized starch based-materials in the presence of low amounts of additives. The methodology used relied on the use of a graphic allowing the comparison of ultimate strength and strain : each material is compared to a family of material which mechanical properties are drawn up from different plasticized starches at 57 % R. H. In the first time, classical formulations described in the literature (in comparable conditions) have been tested. A smoothing of mechanical performances which are similar to simple plasticized starch based-material family has been noted. Strategies developped in this work are based on (1) modification of molecular weight distribution by (i) adding (physical, grafted) linear compatible polymers as PVA (creation of physical entanglements favouring long distance interactions), by (ii) " photolengthening " soluble starch and on (2) substitution of the plasticizer (glycerol) by a plasticizing oligomer (PVA) minimising the formation of clusters and developing average distance interactions. The modification of distribution lead to a general improvement of ultimate strain without important loss of strength. The plasticization by PVA allows an appreciable increase of ultimate strength. These strategies have principally involved PVA use in blend with starch. Except for mechanical properties, preferential interactions between starch and PVA lead to unusual behaviours : drastic diminution of hydrophily, higher reactivity of the blend under UV irradiation
Zmamou, Hafida. "Eco-conception de nouveaux agromatériaux à partir de cendre de chaudière biomasse. Relation structures-propriétés." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUES055.
Full textValorizing the industrial by-products int alternative materials for road engineering according to SETRA recommendations is a major scientific challenge for the environment and the circular economy. The Wastepaper Sludge Ash (WSA) is a waste material that comes from the recycled paper industry. Previous studies showed that they have hydraulic and/or pouzzolanic properties. These by-products being available in large quantities at attractive cost are an asset for material valorization. To use alternative materials is in perfect adequacy with the fact of valorizing WSA in road engineering. As binders, WSA having a low impact in terms of carbon print compared to usual hydraulic binders. This research work was undertaken to valorize as eco-materials, important volumes of WSA. Two application fields were selected. They consern the implementation of an innovative road material for road engineering and territorial management, and the eco-design of agromaterials for construction. This work proposes two experimental approaches : (1) on optimization of the matrix based on WSA and mineral additives and (ii) addition of natural aggregates for making eco-agromaterials. The natural aggregates are renewabke resources obtained from agriculture. These chosen aggregates are local resources, using local handcraft, and mobilizing the local expertise for short circuit of material valorization. The study contains four parts : (1) formulations and implementation of eco-materials, (2) analysis of their mechanical behavior, their durability and long-term behavior, (3) a study of environmental behavior and (4) a microstructural analysis of eco-materials. The WSA treatment with water and mineral additives decreases considerably their environmental impact. The correlation between these parameters allowed obtaining an eco-material (A) and eco-agromaterial (AG) potentially recoverable in road engineering. The practice takes into account the change of scale i. E. Transition from the laboratory scale to the pilot scale, this aspect was studied. On one hand a reduced road platform and two pedestrian pathways constituting the test on site for validation have been performed. On the other hand, series of materials, i. E. Pavements, bricks and concrete blocks were made. It was possible to conclude that a mixture composed with 95% WSA + 5% cement or 95 % WSA + 5% cement + 2% hemp shives gives the best promising mixes for these two applications
Fernandez, Tendero Eva. "Origines biologiques et environnementales de la variabilité de la qualité des fibres de chanvre (Cannabis sativa L.) à destination d'agromatériaux." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10133/document.
Full textHemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is receiving increasing interest as an industrial crop due to the development of a new range of industrial applications based on plant fibers (both core and bast fibers). Fiber yield and quality can be greatly modified by physicochemical processing and could also be influenced by both genotype and environment. In order to gain a better understanding of how these factors impact on hemp fibers, commercial hemp varieties were grown under different agricultural conditions and analyzed for fiber content, cell size and cell wall composition. Our results show that irrigation and high seed density impact on secondary (but not primary) fiber formation, as well as on different morphological characters and cell wall composition of primary and secondary fibers. All of these parameters can potentially modify the industrial quality of the technical fibers obtained by mechanical defibering. The use of an ATR-based infrared spectroscopy approach demonstrated that high sowing density and irrigation were also associated with chemical variability in technical fibers. Initial transcriptomics (Fluidigm) of different targeted genes has also provided detailed information on how different environmental conditions affect gene expression, cell wall biosynthesis and remodeling in both inner (xylem-rich) and outer (bast-fiber rich) hemp stem tissues. Altogether, these results will lead to a better knowledge of the molecular events involved in fiber development contributing to hemp-breeding programs aimed at improving the production of high quality fibers for different industrial uses
Kouassi, Esaie. "Contribution à la valorisation des sous-produits agricoles en bioproduits." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/20523/1/Kouassi_Esaie.pdf.
Full textEvon, Philippe. "Nouveau procédé de bioraffinage du tournesol plante entière par fractionnement thermo-mécano-chimique en extrudeur bi-vis : étude de l'extraction aqueuse des lipides et de la mise en forme du raffinat en agromatériaux par thermomoulage." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7723/1/evon.pdf.
Full textGopalakrishnan, Preetha. "Comportements physiques de composites 100 % naturels à base de polysaccharides modifiés et renforcés par des fibres naturelles." Rouen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ROUES044.
Full textA 100% natural thermoplastic polymer is obtained by the extrusion of wheat flour. The wheat flour used is the by-product of food production (protein level < 6-7 %). To improve the stability of this material in regard to water absorption properties, chemical modification was done on this material by the addition of a natural cross linker "genipin". We show that genipin improves the hydrophobic aspect of the surface of the extruded films. In the second stage of this work, by adding flax fibre, a 100% natural composite is obtained. The interface interaction between matrix and fibres are found to be excellent and a specific treatment of the fibres is not necessary to increase their adherence. To carry out this work, we had used experimental methods like mechanic tests, hardness, thermogravimetric (TGA), calorimetry (DSC), Contact angle, Water absorption etc. We can conclude by announcing a new family of 100% natural composite is proposed
Borne, Mathilde. "Modifications chimiques, mécanismes de structuration et propriétés des matériaux à base de gluten." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENCM0020.
Full textWheat gluten can be used to make biomaterials. Nevertheless their mechanical properties are not competitive with commonly used petroleum-based plastics. The purposes of this work aim at (i) improving strain and strength properties of gluten-based materials in order to reach those of common polymers and (ii) controlling gluten reactivity during material process in order to use already well-known processes for manufacturing plastics. The scientific stakes are to understand gluten reactivity during thermo-mechanical treatments and the mechanisms which govern mechanical properties of materials. The reactive functions of gluten are thiols/disulfides which are responsible of gluten proteins crosslinking. The effect of thiol blocker molecules such as mono and bismaleimide of various nature, sizes and hydrophobicity was tested. These molecules were eventually blocked by Diels-Alder reactions. The addition of bismaleimide blocked by Diels-Alder reaction enables to postpone the crosslinking to the thermo-molding step and also to substitute disulfides bonds for thioether bonds. The addition of this additive succeeds in doubling the strain at break of gluten-based material but leads to a decrease of the stiffness. The effect of addition of bis- and tetrathiol molecules was also considered as tests. These additives lead to increase by 1.5 times the elasticity of gluten-based materials. A multi-scale study (molecular scale by FTIR, macromolecular scale by SEC and macroscopic scale by tensile test, all supported by DTMA analysis) of the structure and properties showed that a predominant conformation with α-helices which is the case of native gluten, leads to a decrease of elasticity. The formation of β-sheets interproteic interactions was identified as the only responsible of elasticity increases of the material. The formation of proteic aggregates with disulfide and thioeter bonds only plays a secondary role. A reaction mechanism highlighting the conditions that ensure the participation of all types of gluten proteins in the gluten network upbuilding is discussed. Two new promising ways of rubber melt and copolymerization by “grafting from” technique were explored and need to be further developed
Diedhiou, Djibril. "Fractionnement analytique de la graine de neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) et de la graine de dattier du désert (Balanites aegyptiaca L.) - Valorisation des constituants de la graine de neem par bioraffinage." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0135/document.
Full textNeem and desert date seeds were characterized and their fractionation perspectives oriented. A process of fractionation of neem seeds in twin-screw extruder has been studied for the purpose of production and integrated valorization of its fractions: oil, co-extract of azadirachtin, proteins and lipids, and extrusion raffinate. The use of water and water/ethanol mixtures (up to 75% ethanol) with a twin-screw extruder configuration defining four zones (a feed zone, a grinding zone, a solidliquid extraction zone and a solid / liquid separation zone), allows to extract from the filtrate 83 to 86% of the azadirachtin, 86 to 92% of the lipids and 44 to 74% of the proteins of the seed thereby producing a raffinate essentially fibrous containing at most 8% lipids, 12% proteins and 0.82 g/kg azadirachtin. One of the best ways of processing the suspension that is the crude filtrate, is a solid-liquid separation by centrifugation. This separation process makes it possible to obtain a diluted emulsion containing 42 to 64% of the lipids and up to 41% of the proteins of the seed. A centrifugation achieves it effectively, but this separation process can have disadvantages in the treatment of large volumes. Considered as a by-product of the treatment of crude filtrate, the insoluble phase can contain 42 to 64% of the lipids, 32.9 to 47% of the proteins and 10 to 13% of the azadirachtin of the seed. Water has proven to be the best solvent in this fractionation process. The pressing of the neem seeds followed by the aqueous or hydroalcoholic extraction in the same twin-screw extruder makes it possible to extract up to 32% of the oil of the seeds and to recover 20% of the seed oil in clear form, with very little azadirachtin, ensuring better extraction yields of azadirachtin and proteins to the crude filtrate. Two treatment pathways of the filtrates were studied: one leading to an emulsion of azadirachtin and another to a freeze-dried powder of azadirachtin. The valorization of the fibrous extrusion raffinate has been oriented towards the production of agromaterials by thermopressing. A biorefinery scheme of the neem seed for the valorization of its constituents has thus be implemented
Book chapters on the topic "Agromatériau"
Nieddu, Martino. "Chapitre 9. Évaluation et changement technologique : réflexions sur le cas des agromatériaux." In L’évaluation de la durabilité, 175. Editions Quæ, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/quae.vivie.2013.01.0175.
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