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Journal articles on the topic 'AgRP neuron'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 November 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Oh, Youjin, Eun-Seon Yoo, Sang Hyeon Ju, et al. "GIRK2 potassium channels expressed by the AgRP neurons decrease adiposity and body weight in mice." PLOS Biology 21, no. 8 (2023): e3002252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002252.

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It is well known that the neuropeptide Y (NPY)/agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons increase appetite and decrease thermogenesis. Previous studies demonstrated that optogenetic and/or chemogenetic manipulations of NPY/AgRP neuronal activity alter food intake and/or energy expenditure (EE). However, little is known about intrinsic molecules regulating NPY/AgRP neuronal excitability to affect long-term metabolic function. Here, we found that the G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ (GIRK) channels are key to stabilize NPY/AgRP neurons and that NPY/AgRP neuron-selective deletion of the GIRK2 s

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2

Klima, Michelle, Amber Alhadeff, Kayla Kruger, Santiago Pulido, Aaron McKnight, and J. Nicholas Betley. "A Neural Circuit for the Suppression of Peripheral Inflammation by Hunger." Journal of Immunology 204, no. 1_Supplement (2020): 228.23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.228.23.

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Abstract Hunger is a primal biological drive that can initiate behavioral changes. Intuitively, hunger can inhibit behaviors such as sleep while simultaneously promoting foraging. Because pain can prevent an animal from seeking food we questioned if hunger could suppress pain. We found that food deprived mice reduce their response to inflammatory nociceptive stimuli. This reduction in nocifensive behavior during hunger is specific to inflammatory pain as the response to acute thermal and mechanical nociceptive stimuli remains intact. During hunger, agouti-related protein expressing (AgRP) neur

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3

Lin, Chiu-Ya, Kun-Yun Yeh, Hsin-Hung Lai, and Guor Mour Her. "AgRP Neuron-Specific Ablation Represses Appetite, Energy Intake, and Somatic Growth in Larval Zebrafish." Biomedicines 11, no. 2 (2023): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020499.

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Neuronal circuits regulating appetite are dominated by arcuate nucleus neurons, which include appetite-promoting and -suppressing neurons that release the orexigenic neuropeptide agouti-related protein (AgRP) and anorexigenic neuropeptide pro-opiomelanocortin, respectively, to compete for melanocortin receptors to modulate feeding behavior. In this study, we expressed novel agrp promoters, including different lengths of the 5’ flanking regions of the agrp gene (4749 bp) in the zebrafish genome. We used the agrp promoter to derive the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-nitroreductase (NT

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4

van de Wall, Esther, Rebecca Leshan, Allison W. Xu, et al. "Collective and Individual Functions of Leptin Receptor Modulated Neurons Controlling Metabolism and Ingestion." Endocrinology 149, no. 4 (2007): 1773–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2007-1132.

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Two known types of leptin-responsive neurons reside within the arcuate nucleus: the agouti gene-related peptide (AgRP)/neuropeptide Y (NPY) neuron and the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neuron. By deleting the leptin receptor gene (Lepr) specifically in AgRP/NPY and/or POMC neurons of mice, we examined the several and combined contributions of these neurons to leptin action. Body weight and adiposity were increased by Lepr deletion from AgRP and POMC neurons individually, and simultaneous deletion in both neurons (A+P LEPR-KO mice) further increased these measures. Young (periweaning) A+P LEPR-KO

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5

Padilla, Stephanie L., Jian Qiu, Casey C. Nestor, et al. "AgRP to Kiss1 neuron signaling links nutritional state and fertility." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 9 (2017): 2413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1621065114.

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Mammalian reproductive function depends upon a neuroendocrine circuit that evokes the pulsatile release of gonadotropin hormones (luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone) from the pituitary. This reproductive circuit is sensitive to metabolic perturbations. When challenged with starvation, insufficient energy reserves attenuate gonadotropin release, leading to infertility. The reproductive neuroendocrine circuit is well established, composed of two populations of kisspeptin-expressing neurons (located in the anteroventral periventricular hypothalamus, Kiss1AVPV, and arcuate hypoth

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6

Na, Junewoo, Byong Seo Park, Doohyeong Jang, et al. "Distinct Firing Activities of the Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus Neurons to Appetite Hormones." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 5 (2022): 2609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052609.

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The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc) is a central unit that controls the appetite through the integration of metabolic, hormonal, and neuronal afferent inputs. Agouti-related protein (AgRP), proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and dopaminergic neurons in the Arc differentially regulate feeding behaviors in response to hunger, satiety, and appetite, respectively. At the time of writing, the anatomical and electrophysiological characterization of these three neurons has not yet been intensively explored. Here, we interrogated the overall characterization of AgRP, POMC, and dopaminergic neurons using g

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7

Fang, Xing, Shujun Jiang, Jiangong Wang, et al. "Chronic unpredictable stress induces depression-related behaviors by suppressing AgRP neuron activity." Molecular Psychiatry 26, no. 6 (2021): 2299–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41380-020-01004-x.

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AbstractPrevious studies have shown that AgRP neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) respond to energy deficits and play a key role in the control of feeding behavior and metabolism. Here, we demonstrate that chronic unpredictable stress, an animal model of depression, decreases spontaneous firing rates, increases firing irregularity and alters the firing properties of AgRP neurons in both male and female mice. These changes are associated with enhanced inhibitory synaptic transmission and reduced intrinsic neuronal excitability. Chemogenetic inhibition of AgRP neurons increases susceptibility t

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8

Huang, Hu, Seung Hwan Lee, Chianping Ye, et al. "ROCK1 in AgRP Neurons Regulates Energy Expenditure and Locomotor Activity in Male Mice." Endocrinology 154, no. 10 (2013): 3660–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2013-1343.

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Normal leptin signaling is essential for the maintenance of body weight homeostasis. Proopiomelanocortin- and agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-producing neurons play critical roles in regulating energy metabolism. Our recent work demonstrates that deletion of Rho-kinase 1 (ROCK1) in the AgRP neurons of mice increased body weight and adiposity. Here, we report that selective loss of ROCK1 in AgRP neurons caused a significant decrease in energy expenditure and locomotor activity of mice. These effects were independent of any change in food intake. Furthermore, AgRP neuron-specific ROCK1-deficient m

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9

Liu, Yang, Ying Huang, Tiemin Liu, Hua Wu, Huxing Cui, and Laurent Gautron. "Lipopolysacharide Rapidly and Completely Suppresses AgRP Neuron-Mediated Food Intake in Male Mice." Endocrinology 157, no. 6 (2016): 2380–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2015-2081.

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Although Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons play a key role in the regulation of food intake, their contribution to the anorexia caused by proinflammatory insults has yet to be identified. Using a combination of neuroanatomical and pharmacogenetics experiments, this study sought to investigate the importance of AgRP neurons and downstream targets in the anorexia caused by the peripheral administration of a moderate dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 μg/kg, ip). First, in the C57/Bl6 mouse, we demonstrated that LPS induced c-fos in select AgRP-innervated brain sites involved in feeding bu

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10

Coutinho, Eulalia A., Melanie Prescott, Sabine Hessler, Christopher J. Marshall, Allan E. Herbison, and Rebecca E. Campbell. "Activation of a Classic Hunger Circuit Slows Luteinizing Hormone Pulsatility." Neuroendocrinology 110, no. 7-8 (2019): 671–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000504225.

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Introduction: The central regulation of fertility is carefully coordinated with energy homeostasis, and infertility is frequently the outcome of energy imbalance. Neurons in the hypothalamus expressing neuropeptide Y and agouti-related peptide (NPY/AgRP neurons) are strongly implicated in linking metabolic cues with fertility regulation. Objective: We aimed here to determine the impact of selectively activating NPY/AgRP neurons, critical regulators of metabolism, on the activity of luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse generation. Methods: We employed a suite of in vivo optogenetic and chemogenetic a

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11

Landry, Taylor, Daniel Shookster, Alec Chaves, Katrina Free, Tony Nguyen, and Hu Huang. "Exercise increases NPY/AgRP and TH neuron activity in the hypothalamus of female mice." Journal of Endocrinology 252, no. 3 (2022): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-21-0250.

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Recent evidence identifies a potent role for aerobic exercise to modulate the activity of hypothalamic neurons related to appetite; however, these studies have been primarily performed in male rodents. Since females have markedly different neuronal mechanisms regulating food intake, the current study aimed to determine the effects of acute treadmill exercise on hypothalamic neuron populations involved in regulating appetite in female mice. Mature, untrained female mice were exposed to acute sedentary, low- (10 m/min), moderate- (14 m/min), and high (18 m/min)-intensity treadmill exercise in a

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12

Morton, GJ, and MW Schwartz. "The NPY/AgRP neuron and energy homeostasis." International Journal of Obesity 25, S5 (2001): S56—S62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801915.

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13

Jones, Edward S., Nicolas Nunn, Adam P. Chambers, Søren Østergaard, Birgitte S. Wulff, and Simon M. Luckman. "Modified Peptide YY Molecule Attenuates the Activity of NPY/AgRP Neurons and Reduces Food Intake in Male Mice." Endocrinology 160, no. 11 (2019): 2737–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2019-00100.

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Abstract To study the effects of an analog of the gut-produced hormone peptide YY (PYY3-36), which has increased selectivity for the Y2 receptor; specifically, to record its effects on food intake and on hypothalamic neuropeptide Y/agouti-related peptide (NPY/AgRP) neuron activity. NNC0165-1273, a modified form of the peptide hormone PYY3-36 with potent selectivity at Y2 receptor (>5000-fold over Y1, 1250-fold over Y4, and 650-fold over Y5 receptor), was tested in vivo and in vitro in mouse models. NNC0165-1273 has fivefold lower relative affinity for Y2 compared with PYY3-36, but >250-,

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14

KNIGHT, ZACHARY. "314-OR: Mechanisms of AgRP Neuron-Induced Hunger." Diabetes 68, Supplement 1 (2019): 314—OR. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db19-314-or.

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15

Shiuchi, Tetsuya, Airi Otsuka, Noriyuki Shimizu, Sachiko Chikahisa, and Hiroyoshi Séi. "Feeding Rhythm-Induced Hypothalamic Agouti-Related Protein Elevation via Glucocorticoids Leads to Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 19 (2021): 10831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910831.

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Circadian phase shifts in peripheral clocks induced by changes in feeding rhythm often result in insulin resistance. However, whether the hypothalamic control system for energy metabolism is involved in the feeding rhythm-related development of insulin resistance is unknown. Here, we show the physiological significance and mechanism of the involvement of the agouti-related protein (AgRP) in evening feeding-associated alterations in insulin sensitivity. Evening feeding during the active dark period increased hypothalamic AgRP expression and skeletal muscle insulin resistance in mice. Inhibiting

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16

Oliveira, Vanessa, Anne E. Kwitek, Curt D. Sigmund, Lisa L. Morselli, and Justin L. Grobe. "Recent Advances in Hypertension." Hypertension 77, no. 4 (2021): 1061–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14513.

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Obesity represents the single greatest ongoing roadblock to improving cardiovascular health. Prolonged obesity is associated with fundamental changes in the integrative control of energy balance, including the development of selective leptin resistance, which is thought to contribute to obesity-associated hypertension, and adaptation of resting metabolic rate (RMR) when excess weight is reduced. Leptin and the melanocortin system within the hypothalamus contribute to the control of both energy balance and blood pressure. While the development of drugs to stimulate RMR and thereby reverse obesi

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17

Smith, Mark A., Agharul I. Choudhury, Justyna A. Glegola, et al. "Extrahypothalamic GABAergic nociceptin–expressing neurons regulate AgRP neuron activity to control feeding behavior." Journal of Clinical Investigation 130, no. 1 (2019): 126–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci130340.

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18

Lee, Jong Han, Bingzhong Xue, Zheng Chen, and Yuxiang Sun. "Neuronal GHS-R Differentially Modulates Feeding Patterns under Normal and Obesogenic Conditions." Biomolecules 12, no. 2 (2022): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12020293.

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The orexigenic hormone ghrelin increases food intake and promotes obesity through its receptor, growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R). We previously reported two neuron-specific GHS-R knockout mouse lines, namely pan-neuronal deletion by Syn1-cre and hypothalamic deletion by AgRP-cre, exhibiting differential diet-dependent effects on body weight. GHS-R deficiency in neurons elicited less pronounced metabolic effects under regular diet (RD) than high fat diet (HFD). While there was no difference in total food intake of HFD in either mouse line, Syn1-cre; Ghsrf/f mice showed much greater

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19

Johnson, Miranda D., Sebastien G. Bouret, Ambrose A. Dunn-Meynell, Christina N. Boyle, Thomas A. Lutz, and Barry E. Levin. "Early postnatal amylin treatment enhances hypothalamic leptin signaling and neural development in the selectively bred diet-induced obese rat." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 311, no. 6 (2016): R1032—R1044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00326.2016.

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Selectively bred diet-induced obese (DIO) rats become obese on a high-fat diet and are leptin resistant before becoming obese. Compared with diet-resistant (DR) neonates, DIO neonates have impaired leptin-dependent arcuate (ARC) neuropeptide Y/agouti-related peptide (NPY/AgRP) and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH; from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons) axon outgrowth to the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Using phosphorylation of STAT3 (pSTAT3) as a surrogate, we show that reduced DIO ARC leptin signaling develops by postnatal day 7 (P7) and is reduced within POMC but not NPY/AgRP neur

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Smith, A. W., M. A. Bosch, E. J. Wagner, O. K. Rønnekleiv та M. J. Kelly. "The membrane estrogen receptor ligand STX rapidly enhances GABAergic signaling in NPY/AgRP neurons: role in mediating the anorexigenic effects of 17β-estradiol". American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 305, № 5 (2013): E632—E640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00281.2013.

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Besides its quintessential role in reproduction, 17β-estradiol (E2) is a potent anorexigenic hormone. E2 and the selective Gq-coupled membrane estrogen receptor (Gq-mER) ligand STX rapidly increase membrane excitability in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons by desensitizing the coupling of GABAB receptors to G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying K+ channels (GIRKs), which upon activation elicit a hyperpolarizing outward current. However, it is unknown whether E2 and STX can modulate GABAB signaling in neuropeptide Y (NPY)/agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons. We used single-cell RT-PCR and wh

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21

DEEM, JENNIFER D., KAYOKO OGIMOTO, JARRELL NELSON, et al. "98-OR: Cold-Induced Hyperphagia Requires AgRP Neuron Activation." Diabetes 68, Supplement 1 (2019): 98—OR. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db19-98-or.

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22

Alhadeff, Amber L., Onyoo Park, Elen Hernandez, and J. Nicholas Betley. "Inhibition of Itch by Hunger and AgRP Neuron Activity." Neuroscience 450 (December 2020): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.06.005.

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Deng, Guorui, Lisa L. Morselli, Valerie A. Wagner, et al. "Single-Nucleus RNA Sequencing of the Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus of C57BL/6J Mice After Prolonged Diet-Induced Obesity." Hypertension 76, no. 2 (2020): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15137.

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Prolonged obesity is associated with blunted feeding and thermogenic autonomic responses to leptin, but cardiovascular responses to leptin are maintained. This state of selective leptin resistance is, therefore, proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis and maintenance of obesity-associated hypertension. Cells of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus detect leptin, and although the cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unclear, altered arcuate nucleus biology is hypothesized to contribute to selective leptin resistance. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or chow from 8 to

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Porniece Kumar, Marta, Anna Lena Cremer, Paul Klemm, et al. "Insulin signalling in tanycytes gates hypothalamic insulin uptake and regulation of AgRP neuron activity." Nature Metabolism 3, no. 12 (2021): 1662–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42255-021-00499-0.

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AbstractInsulin acts on neurons and glial cells to regulate systemic glucose metabolism and feeding. However, the mechanisms of insulin access in discrete brain regions are incompletely defined. Here we show that insulin receptors in tanycytes, but not in brain endothelial cells, are required to regulate insulin access to the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Mice lacking insulin receptors in tanycytes (IR∆Tan mice) exhibit systemic insulin resistance, while displaying normal food intake and energy expenditure. Tanycytic insulin receptors are also necessary for the orexigenic effects of ghrelin, b

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Wu, Q., M. P. Howell, M. A. Cowley, and R. D. Palmiter. "Starvation after AgRP neuron ablation is independent of melanocortin signaling." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, no. 7 (2008): 2687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0712062105.

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Krashes, Michael J., Bhavik P. Shah, Shuichi Koda, and Bradford B. Lowell. "Rapid versus Delayed Stimulation of Feeding by the Endogenously Released AgRP Neuron Mediators GABA, NPY, and AgRP." Cell Metabolism 18, no. 4 (2013): 588–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2013.09.009.

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27

Teaney, Nicole A., and Nicole E. Cyr. "Sirtuin 1 Regulates Synapsin 1 in POMC-Producing N43-5 Neurons via FOXO1." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A56—A57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.114.

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Abstract The nutrient-sensor protein Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1; silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1) has been shown to have significant and opposing effects on insulin resistance, leptin resistance, and body weight in the periphery and the brain. In the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the brain, Sirt1 increases in the obese state and acts to promote weight gain as well as insulin and leptin resistance by increasing the orexigenic neuropeptides Agouti-related protein (AgRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), and in a distinct set of ARC neurons, by decreasing POMC and thus its anorexigeni

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Shibata, Miyuki, Ryoichi Banno, Mariko Sugiyama, et al. "AgRP Neuron-Specific Deletion of Glucocorticoid Receptor Leads to Increased Energy Expenditure and Decreased Body Weight in Female Mice on a High-Fat Diet." Endocrinology 157, no. 4 (2016): 1457–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2015-1430.

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Abstract Agouti-related protein (AgRP) expressed in the arcuate nucleus is a potent orexigenic neuropeptide, which increases food intake and reduces energy expenditure resulting in increases in body weight (BW). Glucocorticoids, key hormones that regulate energy balance, have been shown in rodents to regulate the expression of AgRP. In this study, we generated AgRP-specific glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-deficient (knockout [KO]) mice. Female and male KO mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) showed decreases in BW at the age of 6 weeks compared with wild-type mice, and the differences remained significa

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DEEM, JENNIFER D., CHELSEA L. FABER, CHRISTIAN PEDERSEN, et al. "209-OR: Evidence that Agrp Neuron Activation Drives Cold-Induced Hyperphagia." Diabetes 69, Supplement 1 (2020): 209—OR. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db20-209-or.

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Krashes, Michael J., Bhavik P. Shah, Joseph C. Madara, et al. "An excitatory paraventricular nucleus to AgRP neuron circuit that drives hunger." Nature 507, no. 7491 (2014): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature12956.

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Thomas, M. Alex, and Bingzhong Xue. "Mechanisms for AgRP neuron-mediated regulation of appetitive behaviors in rodents." Physiology & Behavior 190 (June 2018): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.10.006.

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32

Atala, Anthony. "Re: AgRP to Kiss1 Neuron Signaling Links Nutritional State and Fertility." Journal of Urology 200, no. 3 (2018): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.05.101.

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Lorch, Carolyn M., Nikolas W. Hayes, Jessica L. Xia, et al. "Sucrose overconsumption impairs AgRP neuron dynamics and promotes palatable food intake." Cell Reports 43, no. 2 (2024): 113675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113675.

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Su, Zhenwei, Amber L. Alhadeff, and J. Nicholas Betley. "Nutritive, Post-ingestive Signals Are the Primary Regulators of AgRP Neuron Activity." Cell Reports 21, no. 10 (2017): 2724–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.11.036.

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Rau, Andrew R., and Shane T. Hentges. "The Relevance of AgRP Neuron-Derived GABA Inputs to POMC Neurons Differs for Spontaneous and Evoked Release." Journal of Neuroscience 37, no. 31 (2017): 7362–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.0647-17.2017.

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Li, Peixin, Zhijian Rao, Brenton Thomas Laing, et al. "Vertical sleeve gastrectomy improves liver and hypothalamic functions in obese mice." Journal of Endocrinology 241, no. 2 (2019): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-18-0658.

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Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is an effective surgery to treat obesity and diabetes. However, the direct effect of VSG on metabolic functions is not fully understood. We aimed to investigate if alterations in hypothalamic neurons were linked with perturbations in liver metabolism after VSG in an energy intake-controlled obese mouse model. C57BL/6 and hrNPY-GFP reporter mice received HFD for 12 weeks and were then divided into three groups: Sham (ad lib), Sham (pair-fed) with VSG and VSG. Food intake was measured daily, and blood glucose levels were measured before and after the study. Ener

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Cedernaes, J., W. Huang, K. M. Ramsey, et al. "Transcriptional basis for rhythmic control of hunger and metabolism within the AgRP neuron." Sleep Medicine 64 (December 2019): S57—S58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.159.

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Yang, Liang, Yong Qi, and Yunlei Yang. "Astrocytes Control Food Intake by Inhibiting AGRP Neuron Activity via Adenosine A1 Receptors." Cell Reports 11, no. 5 (2015): 798–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.04.002.

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Cedernaes, Jonathan, Wenyu Huang, Kathryn Moynihan Ramsey, et al. "Transcriptional Basis for Rhythmic Control of Hunger and Metabolism within the AgRP Neuron." Cell Metabolism 29, no. 5 (2019): 1078–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2019.01.023.

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Landry, Taylor, Brenton Thomas Laing, Peixin Li та ін. "Central α-Klotho Suppresses NPY/AgRP Neuron Activity and Regulates Metabolism in Mice". Diabetes 69, № 7 (2020): 1368–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db19-0941.

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Marcelin, Geneviève, Young-Hwan Jo, Xiaosong Li, et al. "Central action of FGF19 reduces hypothalamic AGRP/NPY neuron activity and improves glucose metabolism." Molecular Metabolism 3, no. 1 (2014): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2013.10.002.

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Ren, Hongxia. "OR08-4 Endocrine Mechanisms of an Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptor Regulating Metabolic Homeostasis." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (2022): A522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1087.

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Abstract G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest protein family and amenable for pharmacological manipulation. GPCRs in the neuroendocrine and enteroendocrine systems respond to various biological cues and in turn exert crucial roles in maintaining whole body metabolic homeostasis. For example, GPCRs in the gastrointestinal tract are involved in maintaining glucose and energy homeostasis by regulating the release of gut hormones in response to luminal dietary nutrients as well as microbial metabolites. We recently identified that an orphan GPCR, Gpr17, was co-expressed in glucagon-

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Bunner, Wyatt P., Brenton T. Laing, and Hu Huang. "The Effects Of Acute Exercise On Npy/AgRP And POMC Neuron Activity In The Mouse Hypothalamus." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 50, no. 5S (2018): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000538766.62883.64.

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Decourtye-Espiard, Lyvianne, Maud Clemessy, Patricia Leneuve, et al. "Stimulation of GHRH Neuron Axon Growth by Leptin and Impact of Nutrition during Suckling in Mice." Nutrients 15, no. 5 (2023): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15051077.

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Nutrition during the early postnatal period can program the growth trajectory and adult size. Nutritionally regulated hormones are strongly suspected to be involved in this physiological regulation. Linear growth during the postnatal period is regulated by the neuroendocrine somatotropic axis, whose development is first controlled by GHRH neurons of the hypothalamus. Leptin that is secreted by adipocytes in proportion to fat mass is one of the most widely studied nutritional factors, with a programming effect in the hypothalamus. However, it remains unclear whether leptin stimulates the develo

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Mandelblat-Cerf, Yael, Rohan N. Ramesh, Christian R. Burgess, et al. "Arcuate hypothalamic AgRP and putative POMC neurons show opposite changes in spiking across multiple timescales." eLife 4 (July 10, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.07122.

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Agouti-related-peptide (AgRP) neurons—interoceptive neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC)—are both necessary and sufficient for driving feeding behavior. To better understand the functional roles of AgRP neurons, we performed optetrode electrophysiological recordings from AgRP neurons in awake, behaving AgRP-IRES-Cre mice. In free-feeding mice, we observed a fivefold increase in AgRP neuron firing with mounting caloric deficit in afternoon vs morning recordings. In food-restricted mice, as food became available, AgRP neuron firing dropped, yet remained elevated as compared t

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De Solis, Alain J., Almudena Del Río-Martín, Jan Radermacher, et al. "Reciprocal activity of AgRP and POMC neurons governs coordinated control of feeding and metabolism." Nature Metabolism, February 20, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42255-024-00987-z.

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AbstractAgouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing and proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing neurons reciprocally regulate food intake. Here, we combine non-interacting recombinases to simultaneously express functionally opposing chemogenetic receptors in AgRP and POMC neurons for comparing metabolic responses in male and female mice with simultaneous activation of AgRP and inhibition of POMC neurons with isolated activation of AgRP neurons or isolated inhibition of POMC neurons. We show that food intake is regulated by the additive effect of AgRP neuron activation and POMC neuron inhibition, wh

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Sayar, Nilufer, Iltan Aklan, Yavuz Yavuz, et al. "AgRP Neurons Encode Circadian Feeding Time." Physiology 39, S1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.2024.39.s1.733.

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Food intake follows a predictable daily pattern and synchronizes metabolic rhythms. Neurons expressing Agouti-related protein (AgRP) read out physiological energetic state and elicit feeding, but the regulation of these neurons across daily timescales is poorly understood. Using a combination of neuron-dynamics measurements and timed optogenetic activation in mice, we show that daily AgRP-neuron activity was not fully consistent with existing models of homeostatic regulation. Instead of operating as deprivation counter, AgRP-neuron activity primarily followed the circadian rest-activity cycle

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Chen, Yiming, Yen-Chu Lin, Christopher A. Zimmerman, Rachel A. Essner, and Zachary A. Knight. "Hunger neurons drive feeding through a sustained, positive reinforcement signal." eLife 5 (August 24, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.18640.

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The neural mechanisms underlying hunger are poorly understood. AgRP neurons are activated by energy deficit and promote voracious food consumption, suggesting these cells may supply the fundamental hunger drive that motivates feeding. However recent in vivo recording experiments revealed that AgRP neurons are inhibited within seconds by the sensory detection of food, raising the question of how these cells can promote feeding at all. Here we resolve this paradox by showing that brief optogenetic stimulation of AgRP neurons before food availability promotes intense appetitive and consummatory b

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Atasoy, Deniz, Nilufer Sayar Atasoy, Yavuz Yavuz, et al. "Opioidergic Regulation of AgRP Neurons." Physiology 38, S1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.2023.38.s1.5794866.

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Opioids are generally known to promote hedonic consumption. Although much of the existing evidence is primarily based on studies in mesolimbic pathway, endogenous opioids and their receptors are widely expressed in hypothalamic appetite circuits; however, their role in homeostatic feeding remains unclear. The objective of this study is to understand the role of mediobasal hypothalamic opioid signaling in appetite regulation. We hypothesize that opioids may act as negative regulators of appetite through suppression of hunger neurons. Here we used a novel fluorescent opioid sensor, deltaLight fo

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MacKay, Harry, C. Anthony Scott, Jack D. Duryea, et al. "DNA methylation in AgRP neurons regulates voluntary exercise behavior in mice." Nature Communications 10, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13339-3.

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AbstractDNA methylation regulates cell type-specific gene expression. Here, in a transgenic mouse model, we show that deletion of the gene encoding DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a in hypothalamic AgRP neurons causes a sedentary phenotype characterized by reduced voluntary exercise and increased adiposity. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and transcriptional profiling in neuronal nuclei from the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) reveal differentially methylated genomic regions and reduced expression of AgRP neuron-associated genes in knockout mice. We use read-level analysis of WGB

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