Academic literature on the topic 'Aid blinding'

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Journal articles on the topic "Aid blinding"

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Thomas, Biju Blavady, Mathew Mammoottil Oommen, and Ashadevi. "Constant light and blinding effects on reproduction of male South Indian gerbils." Journal of Experimental Zoology 289, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-010x(20010101/31)289:1<59::aid-jez6>3.0.co;2-l.

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Aguilar-Nascimento, José Eduardo de. "Fundamental steps in experimental design for animal studies." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 20, no. 1 (February 2005): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502005000100002.

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Animal studies continue to have a vital role in science development. The aim of this review is to provide to new investigators an overview of the important steps involved in experimental designs and also to suggest some practical information that is commonly associated with this process. Investigators should adhere to the ethical procedure and follow strictly the scientific method. Both the aims and well-formulated hypothesis are essential and practical. In this regard a profound literature search and the aid of an experienced statistician is encouraged. The need of randomization, blinding, and attempting to minimize variation is discussed and recommended. The choosing of good control groups and the employment of pilot studies are useful. Finally, the formulation of new questions to be further responded is expected.
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Watson, Judith, Elizabeth Coleman, Cath Jackson, Kerry Bell, Christina Maynard, Louise Hickson, Anne Forster, et al. "Randomised controlled feasibility trial of an active communication education programme plus hearing aid provision versus hearing aid provision alone (ACE To HEAR)." BMJ Open 11, no. 4 (April 2021): e043364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043364.

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ObjectiveTo establish the acceptability and feasibility of delivering the Active Communication Education (ACE) programme to increase quality of life through improving communication and hearing aid use in the UK National Health Service.DesignRandomised controlled, open feasibility trial with embedded economic and process evaluations.SettingAudiology departments in two hospitals in two UK cities.ParticipantsTwelve hearing aid users aged 18 years or over who reported moderate or less than moderate benefit from their new hearing aid.InterventionsConsenting participants (along with a significant other) were to be randomised by a remote, centralised randomisation service in groups to ACE plus treatment-as-usual (intervention group) or treatment-as-usual only (control group).Primary outcome measuresThe primary outcomes were related to feasibility: recruitment, retention, treatment adherence and acceptability to participants and fidelity of treatment delivery.Secondary outcome measuresInternational Outcomes Inventory for Hearing Aids, Self-Assessment of Communication, EQ-5D-5L and Short-Form 36. Blinding of the participants and facilitator was not possible.ResultsTwelve hearing aid users and six significant others consented to take part. Eight hearing aid users were randomised: four to the intervention group; and four to treatment-as-usual only. Four significant others participated alongside the randomised participants. Recruitment to the study was very low and centres only screened 466 hearing aid users over the 15-month recruitment period, compared with the approximately 3500 anticipated. Only one ACE group and one control group were formed. ACE could be delivered and appeared acceptable to participants. We were unable to robustly assess attrition and attendance rates due to the low sample size.ConclusionsWhile ACE appeared acceptable to hearing aid users and feasible to deliver, it was not feasible to identify and recruit participants struggling with their hearing aids at the 3-month posthearing aid fitting point.Trial registration numberISRCTN28090877.
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Dobler, Claudia Caroline, Manuel Sanchez, Michael R. Gionfriddo, Neri A. Alvarez-Villalobos, Naykky Singh Ospina, Gabriela Spencer-Bonilla, Bjorg Thorsteinsdottir, et al. "Impact of decision aids used during clinical encounters on clinician outcomes and consultation length: a systematic review." BMJ Quality & Safety 28, no. 6 (October 9, 2018): 499–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2018-008022.

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BackgroundClinicians’ satisfaction with encounter decision aids is an important component in facilitating implementation of these tools. We aimed to determine the impact of decision aids supporting shared decision making (SDM) during the clinical encounter on clinician outcomes.MethodsWe searched nine databases from inception to June 2017. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) of decision aids used during clinical encounters with an unaided control group were eligible for inclusion. Due to heterogeneity among included studies, we used a narrative evidence synthesis approach.ResultsTwenty-five papers met inclusion criteria including 22 RCTs and 3 qualitative or mixed-methods studies nested in an RCT, together representing 23 unique trials. These trials evaluated healthcare decisions for cardiovascular prevention and treatment (n=8), treatment of diabetes mellitus (n=3), treatment of osteoporosis (n=2), treatment of depression (n=2), antibiotics to treat acute respiratory infections (n=3), cancer prevention and treatment (n=4) and prenatal diagnosis (n=1). Clinician outcomes were measured in only a minority of studies. Clinicians’ satisfaction with decision making was assessed in only 8 (and only 2 of them showed statistically significantly greater satisfaction with the decision aid); only three trials asked if clinicians would recommend the decision aid to colleagues and only five asked if clinicians would use decision aids in the future. Outpatient consultations were not prolonged when a decision aid was used in 9 out of 13 trials. The overall strength of the evidence was low, with the major risk of bias related to lack of blinding of participants and/or outcome assessors.ConclusionDecision aids can improve clinicians’ satisfaction with medical decision making and provide helpful information without affecting length of consultation time. Most SDM trials, however, omit outcomes related to clinicians’ perspective on the decision making process or the likelihood of using a decision aid in the future.
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Hawwash, Dana, Melissa K. Sharp, Alemayehu Argaw, Patrick Kolsteren, and Carl Lachat. "Usefulness of applying research reporting guidelines as Writing Aid software: a crossover randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (November 2019): e030943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030943.

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ObjectivesTo assess the intention of using a Writing Aid software, which integrates four research reporting guidelines (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and STrengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology-nutritional epidemiology) and their Elaboration & Explanation (E&E) documents during the write-up of research in Microsoft Word compared with current practices.DesignTwo-arms crossover randomised controlled trial with no blinding and no washout period.SettingFace-to-face or online sessions.Participants54 (28 in arm 1 and 26 in arm 2) doctoral and postdoctoral researchers.InterventionsReporting guidelines and their E&E document were randomly administered as Writing Aid or as Word documents in a single 30 min to 1 hour session, with a short break before crossing over to the other study intervention.Primary and secondary outcomesUsing the Technology Acceptance Model, we assessed the primary outcome: the difference in the mean of intention of use; and secondary outcomes: the difference in mean perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The three outcomes were measured using questions with a 7-point Likert-scale. Secondary analysis using structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to explore the relationships between the outcomes.ResultsNo significant difference in reported intention of use (mean difference and 95% CI 0.25 (–0.05 to 0.55), p=0.10), and perceived usefulness (mean difference and 95% CI 0.19 (–0.04 to 0.41), p=0.10). The Writing Aid performed significantly better than the word document on researchers’ perceived ease of use (mean difference and 95% CI 0.59 (0.29 to 0.89), p<0.001). In the SEM analysis, participants’ intention of using the tools was indirectly affected by perceived ease of use (beta 0.53 p=0.002).ConclusionsDespite no significant difference in the intention of use between the tools, administering reporting guidelines as Writing Aid is perceived as easier to use, offering a possibility to further explore its applicability to enhance reporting adherence.
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Gaeta, Laura, Rachel Keiko Stark, and Erika Ofili. "Methodological Considerations for Auditory Training Interventions for Adults With Hearing Loss: A Rapid Review." American Journal of Audiology 30, no. 1 (March 10, 2021): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_aja-20-00092.

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Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate literature on auditory training published since 2013. Method A rapid review or a streamlined approach to systematically identify and summarize relevant studies was performed. Selected health sciences databases were searched using a search strategy developed with the PICO (population, intervention, comparison, and outcome) framework. Studies eligible for inclusion had older adult participants with hearing loss and utilized technology-based auditory training in laboratory or home settings. Results The study quality of most studies was found to be low to moderate, with concentrations between low and moderate. Major issues were related to study design and reporting, such as the need for blinding and a control group, larger sample sizes, and a follow-up for long-term outcomes of auditory training interventions. Wide variability in training approaches, participant backgrounds (e.g., audiograms, hearing aid use), and outcome measures are also noted. Conclusions Evidence on the effectiveness of auditory training is mixed. Future research should include high-quality randomized controlled trials with representative populations; follow-up periods to study long-term effects; and exploration of behavioral, electrophysiological, and self-reported outcome measures. Recommendations for study designs and methodologies are also discussed.
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Jenkin, Michelle, Michael R. Sitler, and John D. Kelly. "Clinical Usefulness of the Ottawa Ankle Rules for Detecting Fractures of the Ankle and Midfoot." Journal of Athletic Training 45, no. 5 (September 1, 2010): 480–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-45.5.480.

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Abstract Reference: Bachmann LM, Kolb E, Koller MT, Steurer J, ter Riet G. Accuracy of Ottawa Ankle Rules to exclude fractures of the ankle and mid-foot: systematic review. BMJ. 2003;326(7386):417–423. Clinical Question: What is the evidence for the accuracy of the Ottawa Ankle Rules as a decision aid for excluding fractures of the ankle and midfoot? Data Sources: Studies were identified by searching MEDLINE and PreMEDLINE (Ovid version: 1990 to present), EMBASE (Datastar version: 1990–2002), CINAHL (Winspires version: 1990–2002), the Cochrane Library (2002, issue 2), and the Science Citation Index database (Web of Science by Institute for Science Information). Reference lists of all included studies were also searched, and experts and authors in the specialty were contacted. The search had no language restrictions. Study Selection: Minimal inclusion criteria consisted of (1) study assessment of the Ottawa Ankle Rules and (2) sufficient information to construct a 2 × 2 contingency table specifying the false-positive and false-negative rates. Data Extraction: Studies were selected in a 2-stage process. First, all abstracts and titles found by the electronic searches were independently scrutinized by the same 2 authors. Second, copies of all eligible papers were obtained. A checklist was used to ensure that all inclusion criteria were met. Disagreements related to the eligibility of studies were resolved by consensus. Both authors extracted data from each included study independently. Methods of data collection, patient selection, blinding and prevention of verification bias, and description of the instrument and reference standard were assessed. Sensitivities (using the bootstrap method), specificities, negative likelihood ratios (using a random-effects model), and their standard errors were calculated. Special interest was paid to the pooled sensitivities and negative likelihood ratios because of the calibration of the Ottawa Ankle Rules toward a high sensitivity. Exclusion criteria for the pooled analysis were (1) studies that used a nonprospective data collection, (2) unknown radiologist blinding (verification bias), (3) studies assessing the performance of other specialists (nonphysicians) using the rules, and (4) studies that looked at modifications to the rules. Main Results: The search yielded 1085 studies, and the authors obtained complete articles for 116 of the studies. The reference lists from these studies provided an additional 15 studies. Only 32 of the studies met the inclusion criteria and were used for the review; 5 of these met the exclusion criteria. For included studies, the total population was 15 581 (range = 18–1032), and average age ranged from 11 to 31.1 years in those studies that reported age. The 27 studies analyzed (pooled) consisted of 12 studies of ankle assessment, 8 studies of midfoot assessment, 10 studies of both ankle and midfoot assessment, and 6 studies of ankle or midfoot assessment in children (not all studies assessed all regions). Pooled sensitivities, specificities, and negative likelihood ratios for the ankle, midfoot, and combined ankle and midfoot are presented in the Table. Based on a 15% prevalence of actual fracture in patients presenting acutely after ankle or foot trauma, less than a 1.4% probability of fracture existed. Because limited analysis was conducted on the data from the children, we elected to not include this cohort in our review. Conclusions: Evidence supports the use of the Ottawa Ankle Rules as an aid in ruling out fractures of the ankle and midfoot. The rules have a high sensitivity (almost 100%) and modest specificity. Use of the Ottawa Ankle Rules holds promise for saving time and reducing both costs and radiographic exposure without sacrificing diagnostic accuracy in ankle and midfoot fractures.
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Takakura, Nobuari, Miho Takayama, Akiko Kawase, and Hiroyoshi Yajima. "Double Blinding with a New Placebo Needle: A Validation Study on Participant Blinding." Acupuncture in Medicine 29, no. 3 (September 2011): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.2010.002857.

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Pasqualetto, Gaia, Martin Schepelmann, Carmine Varricchio, Elisa Pileggi, Caroline Khogali, Siân R. Morgan, Ian Boostrom, et al. "Computational Studies towards the Identification of Novel Rhodopsin-Binding Compounds as Chemical Chaperones for Misfolded Opsins." Molecules 25, no. 21 (October 23, 2020): 4904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214904.

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Accumulation of misfolded and mistrafficked rhodopsin on the endoplasmic reticulum of photoreceptor cells has a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of retinitis pigmentosa and a subset of Leber’s congenital amaurosis. One potential strategy to reduce rhodopsin misfolding and aggregation in these conditions is to use opsin-binding compounds as chemical chaperones for opsin. Such molecules have previously shown the ability to aid rhodopsin folding and proper trafficking to the outer cell membranes of photoreceptors. As means to identify novel chemical chaperones for rhodopsin, a structure-based virtual screening of commercially available drug-like compounds (300,000) was performed on the main binding site of the visual pigment chromophore, the 11-cis-retinal. The best 24 virtual hits were examined for their ability to compete for the chromophore-binding site of opsin. Among these, four small molecules demonstrated the ability to reduce the rate constant for the formation of the 9-cis-retinal-rhodopsin complex, while five molecules surprisingly enhanced the formation of this complex. Compound 7, 13, 20 and 23 showed a weak but detectable increase in the trafficking of the P23H mutant, widely used as a model for both retinitis pigmentosa and Leber’s congenital amaurosis, from the ER to the cell membrane. The compounds did not show any relevant cytotoxicity in two different human cell lines, with the only exception of 13. Based on the structures of these active compounds, a series of in silico studies gave important insights on the potential structural features required for a molecule to act either as chemical chaperone or as stabiliser of the 11-cis-retinal-rhodopsin complex. Thus, this study revealed a series of small molecules that represent a solid foundation for the future development of novel therapeutics against these severe inherited blinding diseases.
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Halio, Jay. "Gloucester's Blinding." Shakespeare Quarterly 43, no. 2 (1992): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2870885.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Aid blinding"

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Luciaková, Katarína. "Architektúra a nevidiaci." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233222.

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This thesis explores the relationship between architecture and the blind people. For better clarity and understanding of the topic, The work has been divided into five distinctive parts. In the first, introduction part, I approach space sensation of a blind person from the physiological and psychological angle. This analysis is very important for the understanding of imagination, which the blind person has. Another important fact to understand is the way in which the blind person gets the information about the space and what is his ability to process it. Further, I explain the basic principles of the blind person’s movement through space and describe instructions of how to help blind people in the concrete spatial situations. In the next part, I give a short information about the historical progress of the relation between the society and the blind people. An important fact is that, as late as 200 years ago, the blind people were considered as “sub men” and did not have the full freedom privilege. This relation has been modified over time and nowadays, the blind people have the freedom of movement and all the rights to enjoy their lives. To meet the needs of the blind people, many associations have been created that act on their behalf. The associations have different modes of functioning, but their common goal is to help blind people with their social rehabilitation, looking for employment and removing architectural barriers. The core of my work is divided into two parts. In the first one, I focus on the problematic of the blind people and architecture from the functional aspect. The functional aspect is vital for the blind people. It corresponds to their safety in the environment. In this chapter, I treat in detail basic elements for designing buildings, for specifying barriers and principles of design for blind people. Furthermore, I describe the help tools the blind people need in order to move in the space. I evaluate the future of these tools and indicate the rapid technological progression which makes the life of blind people more comfortable. In the next part, I focus on the problematic of the blind people and architecture from the aesthetic aspect. This question has not been much explored yet, but is, nonetheless, very important. In this part of my work, I use more my personal experience and the knowledge coming from the exploration of space. Aesthetical values are subjective for all the people, with or without a handicap. Therefore, in this final chapter, I try to note the facts that can be used in the process of the aesthetical perception and to reflect on them. In the domain of aesthetical research, there also exist tools and institutions that help blind people in their comprehension of architecture. The division of my work emerged from the compilation of diverse facts in the process of writing. This thesis has an informative and practical character. It is intended for people who want to understand and to be informed about how to design architecture for the blind people. It will be directed towards people who build this kind of architecture and need an overview of how to make it. It is also intended for people interested in learning more about architecture.
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Books on the topic "Aid blinding"

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Blinding: The left wing. Brooklyn, NY: Archipelago Books, 2013.

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Jelloun, Tahar Ben. This blinding absence of light. New York: New Press, 2002.

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Shaffer, BrianW. The blinding torch: Modern British fiction and the discourse of civilization. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1993.

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Shaffer, Brian W. The blinding torch: Modern British fiction and the discourse of civilization. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1993.

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Degenhardt, Sven. Computereinsatz bei blinden und sehbehinderten Schülern. Potsdam: Universität Potsdam, Institut für Sonderpädagogik, 1994.

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De olifant en de blinden: Werkelijkheid en waarneming. Tielt: Lannoo, 1985.

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Pittioni, Richard. Über das Kupfererzbergbaugebiet Blindis-Tögisch bei St.Jakob i.Defr. Osttirol. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1986.

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Merkle, Harry. Die künstlichen Blinden: Blinde Figuren in Texten sehender Autoren. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, 2000.

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Staupendahl, Frauke. Musik mit Blinden: Eine Einführung in die Musik- und Instrumentalpädagogik. Münster: Waxmann, 1998.

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Wurzel, Bettina. Sportunterricht mit Nichtbehinderten und Behinderten: Untersucht am Beispiel von Sehenden und Blinden. Schorndorf: Hofmann, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Aid blinding"

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Bleumer, Gerrit. "Blinding Techniques." In Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security, 150–52. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5906-5_182.

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Bespalov, Anton, Karsten Wicke, and Vincent Castagné. "Blinding and Randomization." In Good Research Practice in Non-Clinical Pharmacology and Biomedicine, 81–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/164_2019_279.

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Tunstall, Michael, and Marc Joye. "Coordinate Blinding over Large Prime Fields." In Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, CHES 2010, 443–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15031-9_30.

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Bauer, Sven. "Attacking Exponent Blinding in RSA without CRT." In Constructive Side-Channel Analysis and Secure Design, 82–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29912-4_7.

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Chen, Yu, Song Luo, Jianbin Hu, and Zhong Chen. "A Novel Commutative Blinding Identity Based Encryption Scheme." In Foundations and Practice of Security, 73–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27901-0_7.

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Cimato, Stelvio, Silvia Mella, and Ruggero Susella. "Partial Key Exposure Attacks on RSA with Exponent Blinding." In E-Business and Telecommunications, 364–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30222-5_17.

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Sedghi, Saeed, Pieter Hartel, Willem Jonker, and Svetla Nikova. "Privacy Enhanced Access Control by Means of Policy Blinding." In Information Security Practice and Experience, 108–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21031-0_9.

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Wang, Chenyu, Tao Huang, and Hongjun Wu. "On the Weakness of Constant Blinding PRNG in Flash Player." In Information and Communications Security, 107–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01950-1_7.

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Schindler, Werner, and Kouichi Itoh. "Exponent Blinding Does Not Always Lift (Partial) Spa Resistance to Higher-Level Security." In Applied Cryptography and Network Security, 73–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21554-4_5.

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Armengol, Josep M. "Of Gray Vapors and Creeping Clouds: White (Male) Privilege as Blinding in Herman Melville’s “Benito Cereno”." In Masculinities in Black and White, 45–70. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137482808_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Aid blinding"

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Canard, Sébastien, Aïda Diop, Nizar Kheir, Marie Paindavoine, and Mohamed Sabt. "BlindIDS." In ASIA CCS '17: ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3052973.3053013.

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Deshmukh, Siddhant, Henry Carter, Grant Hernandez, Patrick Traynor, and Kevin Butler. "Efficient and secure template blinding for biometric authentication." In 2016 IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security (CNS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cns.2016.7860539.

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Yan, Bin, Dong Wang, Huchuan Lu, and Xiaoyun Yang. "Cooling-Shrinking Attack: Blinding the Tracker With Imperceptible Noises." In 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr42600.2020.00107.

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Theera-angkananon, K., and P. Bhattarakosol. "BENPro: A blinding protection method in digital right management." In 2010 5th International Conference on Computer Sciences and Convergence Information Technology (ICCIT 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccit.2010.5711113.

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Adenier, Guillaume, Masanori Ohya, Noboru Watanabe, Irina Basieva, and Andrei Yu Khrennikov. "Double blinding-attack on entanglement-based quantum key distribution protocols." In FOUNDATIONS OF PROBABILITY AND PHYSICS - 6. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3688946.

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Cimato, Stelvio, Silvia Mella, and Ruggero Susella. "New Results for Partial Key Exposure on RSA with Exponent Blinding." In International Conference on Security and Cryptography. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0005571701360147.

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Eilaghi, Armin, Ian A. Sigal, Christian G. Olesen, Inka Tertinegg, John G. Flanagan, G. Wayne Brodland, and C. Ross Ethier. "The Effect of Nonlinear Scleral Properties on Optic Nerve Head Biomechanics." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176251.

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Glaucoma is a group of potentially blinding ocular diseases caused by gradual and progressive damage to the optic nerve, and is usually associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) [1]. This damage occurs at the optic nerve head (ONH), the site where the optic nerve axons leave the posterior eye. IOP-related biomechanical factors are hypothesized to play a key role in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous damage [2].
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Yang, Hui-cheng, and Xiao-xue Wang. "Study on sparse blinding separation based on the linear detection and STFT." In 2011 International Conference on Graphic and Image Processing. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.913247.

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Schindler, J., and J. Jaeger. "Advanced load blinding of distance protection relays based on physical grid limitations." In 2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm.2016.7741508.

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Muhammad, Salisu M., Evren Hincal, Bilgen Kaymakamzade, and Nezihal Gokbulut. "Sensitivity analysis on the SEIR-SEI model for the dynamics of blinding trachoma." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICAAM 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0040299.

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Reports on the topic "Aid blinding"

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Lumpkin, Shamsie, Isaac Parrish, Austin Terrell, and Dwayne Accardo. Pain Control: Opioid vs. Nonopioid Analgesia During the Immediate Postoperative Period. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0008.

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Background Opioid analgesia has become the mainstay for acute pain management in the postoperative setting. However, the use of opioid medications comes with significant risks and side effects. Due to increasing numbers of prescriptions to those with chronic pain, opioid medications have become more expensive while becoming less effective due to the buildup of patient tolerance. The idea of opioid-free analgesic techniques has rarely been breached in many hospitals. Emerging research has shown that opioid-sparing approaches have resulted in lower reported pain scores across the board, as well as significant cost reductions to hospitals and insurance agencies. In addition to providing adequate pain relief, the predicted cost burden of an opioid-free or opioid-sparing approach is significantly less than traditional methods. Methods The following groups were considered in our inclusion criteria: those who speak the English language, all races and ethnicities, male or female, home medications, those who are at least 18 years of age and able to provide written informed consent, those undergoing inpatient or same-day surgical procedures. In addition, our scoping review includes the following exclusion criteria: those who are non-English speaking, those who are less than 18 years of age, those who are not undergoing surgical procedures while admitted, those who are unable to provide numeric pain score due to clinical status, those who are unable to provide written informed consent, and those who decline participation in the study. Data was extracted by one reviewer and verified by the remaining two group members. Extraction was divided as equally as possible among the 11 listed references. Discrepancies in data extraction were discussed between the article reviewer, project editor, and group leader. Results We identified nine primary sources addressing the use of ketamine as an alternative to opioid analgesia and post-operative pain control. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between perioperative ketamine administration and postoperative pain control. While this information provides insight on opioid-free analgesia, it also revealed the limited amount of research conducted in this area of practice. The strategies for several of the clinical trials limited ketamine administration to a small niche of patients. The included studies provided evidence for lower pain scores, reductions in opioid consumption, and better patient outcomes. Implications for Nursing Practice Based on the results of the studies’ randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, the effects of ketamine are shown as an adequate analgesic alternative to opioids postoperatively. The cited resources showed that ketamine can be used as a sole agent, or combined effectively with reduced doses of opioids for multimodal therapy. There were noted limitations in some of the research articles. Not all of the cited studies were able to include definitive evidence of proper blinding techniques or randomization methods. Small sample sizes and the inclusion of specific patient populations identified within several of the studies can skew data in one direction or another; therefore, significant clinical results cannot be generalized to patient populations across the board.
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