Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aide sociale – Europe – Histoire'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 38 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Aide sociale – Europe – Histoire.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Lombardo, Jean-Claude Angelo. "La pauvreté en Europe." Grenoble 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE21003.
Full textAccording to some anthropologists poverty exists neither in primitive nor in gift based societies because it is integrated. The phenomenon appears in Israel from the tenth century BC as a result of an expropriation process of some farmers. Gradually, societies have developed while remaining dependent on natural conditions ; these societies were often at the origin of an obvious poverty but societal assistance rendered this poverty bearable and acceptable by the community. With trade development allowing the nations to have imports of precious metals, thus facilitating leur industrial development, a large working force becomes necessary. Moreover, technical developments which improve agricultural production and the expropriations lead to the emergence of an overpopulation. With industrial development, the wage system becomes the dominant form of social organization and mass poverty is really born out of this organization. Poverty becomes part of economic and social regulation. The Clasical Liberal analysis imposes itself in the nineteenth century. However, with the accumulation of social struggles, the socialist and especially Marxist thought makes its way and the law renders the wage organization more human until the development of a social protection. The construction of social status out of stable employment supplies the conditions for a reduction of poverty and the development of a certain well-being. The Keynesian society imposes itself. However, faced with the saturation of domestic markets and an industrialization longing to conquer foreign markets, the demand for competitiveness of entreprises is no longer oriented towards the improvement of living conditions determined by employment. The liberal analysis takes over. A certain social deconstruction takes place especially through the reconsideration of stable employment. Mass poverty is thus inherent in the Market
Lacour, Stéphane. "De l'importance des phénomènes sociaux dans l'émergence et le développement des premiers centres sociaux (1850-1945)." Strasbourg 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR20041.
Full textWhat is a Settlement? If the question can appear ambitious, it is to try to enlight this social reality so unknown. In fact this history of the settlement didn’t permit a full of favourable studies to its knowledge and its recognition. This social history can be written in a systemic sociological perspective referring to Pierre Bourdieu’s works concerning the social space concept. Trying to write the history of the appearance and development of the first settlement is to put down this study in a main relationshipto the circumstances of civil, religious and political phenomenons in a assistance obligation. Therefore the way the social question and the poverty of the XIXe’s century workers characterize a kind of re-invention of the assistance social practises that participate the settlement space. The social question represent the main political fact around which the civil, religious and political fact are focused in a precise moment. So the settlement space appear to be the fact of their confrontation around this assistance obligation. We are working on the social phenomenon strategies which contact in a homologically report with their space of reference and which govern this territorialisation of the settlement around the assistance obligation, to try to understand its politic specificity and its social signification. The settlement becam the space of the circumstances social phenomenons which determine its politic nature registering in a new society, the way the religious society become a civil society, where the private religious phenomenon weart off for the civil society and the government impose thereselves. The political speciality of settlement register itself in this territorialisation around the assistance obligation. The political specificity join to circumstances of social phenomenon, like structurant facts, of witch we try here a first approach throught the socio-historic way
Zamora, Vargas Daniel. "De l'égalité à la pauvreté :les reconfigurations de l'assistance et les transformations de l'Etat social Belge (1925-2015)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/217788.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Vander, Linden Marc. "Archéologie, complexité sociale et histoire des idées: l'espace campaniforme en Europe au 3e millénaire avant notre ère." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211540.
Full textMennesson, Gérald. "L'assistance, lien communautaire : l'exemple dunkerquois de 1830 à 1930 (contribution à l'Histoire sociale)." Artois, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ARTO0002.
Full textFrom years 1830 to 1930 , we shall see Dunkirk between hold a spirit well made and numerous and durable charitable realisations. The ambient generosity proceeds from the context. The town circled is a narrow space where people from different conditions live with each other. Here the established wealthy live side by side of the poor. Christian morality is strongly present. Finally, it is a far and dangerous fishing parties' harbour. The live subject to the hazards of the “Islanders” has may be contributed towards spreading mentality of solidarity and understanding, paying attention to misfortunes. The misfortune does not leave people insensitive, it is moreover the opposite, assistance is consensual : It matches the laïques and the ecclesiastics, prominent citizens rival in generosity and the town Council sustains their actions. It seems that the town is full with a network of charities. What does such a convergence mean? Of course, the assistance is necessary. It gives as well social peace, controls and make things normal, protects order. That is its most readable utility. But we shall discover locally more than a part of practical and political protection : It brings closer the individuals morally and gathers them; it serves as a tool of city's cohesion; it overtakes its pragmatic initial object to become a value: a community link
Gevart, Louis. "La sculpture et la terre : histoire artistique et sociale du jardin de sculpture en Europe (1901-1968)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100016.
Full textIt is generally accepted that sculpture and garden have shared a common history. Throughoutthe 20th century, however, the sculpture garden has become a strengthened space for theevolution of plastic arts. As an intermediate place between city and landscape, the garden isan experimental field both to the artists (in a formal sense) and to the museum (as an openspace). The first part of the dissertation deals with the time of prototypes (1901-1945) whenthe sculpture garden was characterized by its variety. Outdoors, sculptors have questionedtheir relation ton tradition and nature while collectors have put the first steps of a livinghistory of sculpture by their exhibition choices. By all means, their anchoring to the earthremained strong. The second part relates to the growing of the sculpture garden as culturalmodel during the Reconstruction (1945-1958). Whether real or ideal, the open-air sculpturemuseum then turns into a public theatre in which the forces of the contemporary sculpturefind their expression, particularly through the mutation of the nature/(s)cul(p)ture dialectic. At last, the third part deals with the sculpture garden shifts during the 60s (1958-1968). On the first hand, these shifts went from the landscape to the city: the artists would integrate moredirectly the urban space and the curators saw the architecture as another “outside”. On the second hand, they went from the city to the landscape: collectors and museum directors came back to the earth, conceiving specific landscapes for sculpture, laying the foundation of theexpression of an in situ art in the institutional framework
Lapointe-Roy, Huguette. "Histoire sociale de Montréal, 1831-1871 : l'assistance aux pauvres." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29290.
Full textNguyen, Huu Trung. "Les marchands, fondateurs de civilisation, une épopée oubliée, XVe - XIXe siècle : une histoire sociale et culturelle de l’économie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAG049/document.
Full textCivilization should be understood as the progress of mentalities in the course of time, whether in Art, Economic, Political and Social systems. merchants and entrepreneurs are at the origin of this evolution. The great contribution by merchants was to extract from received ideas, dogmas and traditions, realities in the economic, social, political and art fields, and to make them understood by a number of individuals thanks to the commercial profits obtained from respecting these realities. When these individuals finally reached a critical number, these realities were accepted and adopted by the majority of the population.It is Italian merchants who financed and were parts of the first Portuguese sea voyages launched to discover new lands in Africa, America and Asia. Dutch entrepreneurs discovered the concept of “added-Value” , for example by selling wood as planks ready to use. It was they who created the modern enterprise by accepting shareholders from outside the founder’s family. It was they who invented insurance policies, the practice of accounting for better management, newspapers reporting events which could have an impact of the prices of products. It is also the Dutch merchants who in the 16th century, finally obtained from the State authorities the legal right to charge interests when lending money: till then such practice was absolutely forbidden by the Church. It was the Flemish art merchants who, by exporting to Italy works by Van Eyck, Memling Van der Goes… gave to Italian artists a new understanding of colours and of space. It was the merchants from the East India Company of the Netherlands (VOC) who initiated the Japanese to the Western sciences and art. It is therefore not surprising if the Japanese were the first Asians to open up to the West. It is also merchants who, in the 18th century created the Consumers’ Society which made possible the meeting of social classes in a more long lasting way than any political revolution. This Consumers’ Society led to the Industrial Revolution which in turn led to the recognition of the workers’ rights and to the duties of business owners to assume their social responsibilities such as social security, free primary education of the workers’ children. It also led to new marketing concepts without which there would not have been modern economy. It is the impresarios or entertainers who helped women and Black people in the USA, to become conscious of their social and cultural identities. In the same way, the movie entrepreneurs (the Pathe Brothers, Gaumont and the Jews who migrated to the USA from Central Europe) made possible the instantaneous globalization of the awareness of events, thus making Public Opinion an even stronger political force, without which no Democracy would be possible
Beaurepaire, Pierre-Yves. "Sociabilité, Franc-maçonnerie et réseaux relationnels. Contributions pour une histoire sociale et culturelle de l'espace européen des Lumières." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00134596.
Full textLe premier chapitre propose un programme et un agenda de relance de la recherche française en histoire maçonnique qui, pionnière dans les années 1960, n'a pas remplacé ses cadres, s'est progressivement isolée au sein de la communauté historienne, quand elle ne s'est pas égarée dans une « maçonnologie » (sic) a-scientifique, qui tranche sur le dynamisme que l'on peut observer en Autriche, en Allemagne, en Italie, en Espagne, et aux Etats-Unis.
Présentés dans le chapitre II, les nouvelles archives et les nouveaux outils accessibles aux chercheurs permettent cette relance et constituent autant d'opportunités à saisir pour une véritable histoire culturelle des sociabilités européennes au XVIIIe siècle. L'ouverture à partir de l'année 2002 des fonds « russes » d'archives maçonniques françaises des XVIIIe-XXe siècles rapatriés de Moscou en décembre 2000, la mobilisation des exceptionnelles ressources documentaires des archives du Grand Orient des Pays-Bas à La Haye, ou du Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz à Berlin, permettent de rompre avec la mono-exploitation paresseuse du fonds maçonnique de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, pour l'essentiel constitué de listes de membres et de correspondances administratives stéréotypées entre les loges et leur obédience. Les écrits du « for privé » également dénommés « ego-documents », aujourd'hui au centre des préoccupations des historiens, élargissent le corpus. Leur étude et l'attention portée aux réseaux sociaux –mis à l'épreuve de leur fonctionnement matériel, des échanges qu'ils véhiculent et orientent, et non pas réduits à l'utilisation métaphorique d'un concept à la mode-, aux stratégies individuelles qui s'y déploient, permettent de restituer la Franc-maçonnerie dans son environnement profane –social, culturel, familial, professionnel, confessionnel- à des échelles imbriquées plus qu'emboîtées –la famille, la nébuleuse huguenote et le réseau négociant européen par exemple. Avant d'être une institution, la loge est d'abord une communauté de pairs où un individu s'insère en société.
Intégrer la dimension européenne, c'est également prendre en compte l'existence d'une Maçonnerie brillante –objet du chapitre III-, offrant une offre de divertissement mondain variée –bals, concerts et théâtre amateurs- dans un espace qui transcende la frontière entre espaces domestique et public pour intégrer le temple de la loge, la vie de société, les châteaux et les hôtels particuliers. On met ainsi en évidence la plasticité et la résistance d'un modèle aristocratique –que l'on redécouvre également à propos des salons- de sociabilité maçonnique, qui permet de contester la thèse de Ran Halevi sur Les loges maçonniques dans la France d'Ancien Régime. Aux origines de la sociabilité démocratique et de nuancer le modèle de Jürgen Habermas d'une sociabilité maçonnique « bourgeoise » laboratoire de L'Espace public. Les loges de cour existent au XVIIIe siècle, elles ont un pouvoir d'attraction considérable qui déborde largement la sphère aristocratique.
Le chapitre IV propose une histoire interculturelle de la Franc-maçonnerie européenne en s'appuyant sur le cas saxon. La Saxe électorale, malgré sa situation apparemment périphérique dans l'espace européen, constitue en effet un laboratoire pour l'éclosion des différentes formes de sociabilité maçonnique : Maçonnerie de cour, ordres initiatiques mixtes, réforme maçonnique d'essence chevaleresque et chrétienne, loges négociantes cosmopolites. Ces innovations intègrent rapidement et avec succès l'offre de sociabilité offerte aux élites européennes.
Hitomi, Hiroko. "Étude comparative de l'évolution historique des structures de pouvoir et de la stratification sociale dans les sociétés d'Extrême-Orient (Chine, Japon) et d'Occident à la lumière du couple de concepts pluralisme / monopolisme." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040060.
Full textThe target of the whole study consists in deducing the two sorts of political flows which were getting more and more divergent, and so European societies and Far Eastern societies were destined to follow respectively these flows from the point of view of these two premises : the first premise is of the pluralism of European political system and of the monopolism of Far Eastern political system. .
Pagé, Marie-Michelle. "Alimenta Italiae : politique globale impériale et vie minicipale italienne sous les règnes des empereurs Nerva (96-98) et Trajan (98-117)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18088.
Full textJing, Xuewen. "La Croissance économique et le bonheur : le système de protection sociale en Chine et les idées inspirées de l'Europe." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/150239548#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the welfare system in China and the inspired ideas of Europe, rather in the social sciences, not for technical methods. We support a role for social protection during the modernization of China. Currently the issue of social protection is at the heart of Chinese society. Three reasons for this unprecedented attention paid to social protection system in China : first, we often find the absence of a policy of welfare for the population and secondly, economic growth brings a revival of ideology, many Chinese turning their attention to certain social problems to build a democratic society that a welfare state can be established, and thirdly, the history of Europe shows that social protection is an economic investment. A relatively just society through a system of comprehensive social protection is a sound basis for economic construction. The European social model is distinguished by a high level of social protection. But the level of the Chinese system is too low, especially in vast rural areas, there is almost no social protection. The purpose of economic growth is to make the happiness of the population. In a context of radical social change, China needs to catch up on social protection by the functions of the State
Duverger, Timothée. "L'émergence de l'économie sociale et solidaire : une histoire de la société civile organisée en France et en Europe de 1968 à nos jours : groupements, discours et institutionnalisations." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30008.
Full text“There is no such thing as the Social and Solidarity Economy”. The sentence rendered by sociologist Matthieu Hély is targeted at a form of privatization, which consists in transferring the social solidarity of the State to socio-economic initiatives, which are more compatible with the new spirit of capitalism. And yet his words are misleading. By pointing at a possible contradiction in terms, he leads us to believe that the social and solidarity economy has no ontological existence, despite the fact it is a social reality that has its roots in the XIXth century. Although it was somehow eclipsed in the 1930s, it came back to the fore in 1968 with the reshuffling of the relationship between the State, the market, and civil society. It then split into to branches: the historical social economy, and the emerging social economy, which found an expression in the alternative economy, the solidarity economy, and finally in social entrepreneurship. The statutory approach of the first found a match in the axiological approach of the second. The social economy is a form of emergence. It is not simply the sum of the forms of initiatives it is composed of (cooperatives, mutual fund organizations, and trading companies with a social aim). Much to the contrary, in fact, “the whole is greater than the sum of its parts”. A particular chemistry takes place through the act ofinstitution, which consists in questioning its political dimension. The issue lies in the creation process that occurs in the transitional phase from a social economy in itself to a social economy for itself. This requires us to explore the different paths it took based on the assumption that the social and solidarity economy does not only have a history, but also is a history in the sense that it spawned from group dynamics, speeches, and institutionalizations. Based on the study of these three key processes, this thesis seeks to offer a new insight into the metamorphosis of the organized civil society of the social and solidarity economy on both French and European levels, articulated around three main events: the social irruption of May 1968, the end of the Cold War, and the 2008 crisis of capitalism
Bertrand, Pierre. "La symbolique de la droite et de la gauche au Moyen Age et au début des Temps modernes : étude d'anthropologie sociale et d'iconographie." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010564.
Full textWhich symbolic meanings "right and left" took on in the middle ages ? And how was it expressed in the image ? These two questions form the two axis of this thesis. In the first place, iconography of crucifixions and last judgements tend to the same idea : "right" is the way to salvation. God, who has not the left side in himself, insists on man to take the right side (that is the message of crucifixions). Those who will not understand that will perish in evil (that is the message of last judgements). Afterwards, it has always been admitted from antiquity to the end of middle ages that cosmos has a right and a left side and that the former was better than the latter. The third part deals with "social order". Rituals, manners and customs, religious beliefs, the way people were, how they behaved and expressed themselves during the past centuries, are there examined. It clearly appears that society was deeply "dexterocratic", in the sense that "right" has always represented the good part and left' has always been taken amiss. The thourth part is devoted to the symbolics of space in iconography. It appears that the right side is generaly considered as the good side and the left as the bad side. Moreover, these marks can also indicate, from a syntactic view, before and after, cause and effect, action and reaction, entrance and exit, and so on. In the last part of this thesis, we try to definate the status of the left-handed persons in the middle ages. Were they held in contempt or accepted ? We particularly consider this question : is the use of the left hand in iconography revealing ?
Vaillancourt, Éric. "La Société de Saint-Vincent de Paul de Montréal : reflet du dynamisme du laïcat catholique en matière d'assistance aux pauvres (1848-1933) /." Montréal : Université du Québec à Montréal, 2005. http://accesbib.uqam.ca/cgi-bin/bduqam/transit.pl?&noMan=24065967.
Full textNovokmet, Filip. "Entre communisme et capitalisme Essais sur l’évolution des inégalités de revenus et de patrimoines en Europe de l’Est 1890-2015 (République Tchèque, Pologne, Bulgarie, Croatie, Slovénie, Russie)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0162/document.
Full textThis dissertation studies the evolution of income and wealth inequality in former communist countries in Eastern Europe from the nineteenth century up to the present. It brings together chapters that explore the historical inequality trends in six different countries: the Czech Republic, Poland, Bulgaria, Croatia, Slovenia and Russia. We construct novel datasets that allow detailed analysis of inequality trends, providing at the same time broad historical and international perspective
Charbonnel, Jean-Michel. "Vers la convergence des modèles sociaux en Europe ? : éléments pour une analyse comparative de l'évolution des formes et des logiques des sociétés providentielles face aux mutations de l'emploi et à la résurgence de la pauvreté." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2004. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat35288m.
Full textBarcelo, Laurent. "Paul d'Estournelles de Constant (1852-1924) : la formation d'un esprit européen : l'expression d'une idée européenne (de 1852 à 1907)." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030197.
Full textPaul d'estournelles de constant has been gratified of the peace nobel price in 1909. In 1895, after having served the diplomacy for 19 years, he decided to take up a political career for adverting the europeans of the economical dynamism of the "new wolds", and suggesting them the solution of union. By representing france at the two "conferences of peace" of the hague, and defending conciliation and arbitrage, he discovered a way to concrete his aims. Then, in order to press governements to ask to the court in case of conflict, he would try to interest people to the idea of peace, to elaborate an international public opinion. From 1902 and his first travel in united states, he researched in the dynamis m of this country a way to turn the franco-germanian differend, and projected the idea of an "entente cordiale" between peoples of european culture. The step of internationalism would be taken by meeting personnality of all the countries and because of his fight for genesis of supranational organisations. "pro patria per orbis concordiam" : that's his whol e purpose in a formula
Marissal, Claudine. "La protection sanitaire du jeune enfant en Belgique, 1890-1940: question sociale, enjeux politiques et dimension sexuée." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210609.
Full textCette thèse étudie le mouvement de protection sanitaire du jeune enfant et la médicalisation de la maternité dans une perspective de genre. À travers une analyse des discours de ses promoteurs et des principes d'organisation des oeuvres, elle montre combien les enjeux politiques, sociaux, démographiques et sexués ont durablement influencé l'organisation de la protection infantile et maternelle. Elle apporte de nouvelles réflexions sur la dimension sociale de l'éducation maternelle. Elle met par ailleurs en exergue le rôle essentiel joué par les femmes, aux côtés des médecins, dans la gestion des oeuvres de l'enfance et analyse le statut et les relations de pouvoir qui se sont tissées entre les médecins, les dames patronnesses, les travailleuses sociales et les représentants de l'État. Les investissements sociaux féminins sont analysés sous l'angle de leur autonomie, de leur visibilité et de leur portée émancipatrice. Ce faisant, cette thèse montre de quelle manière les œuvres de l'enfance ont favorisé, de manière assez paradoxale, une transgression des modèles sexués en favorisant un questionnement sur la condition maternelle et l'intervention des femmes dans la sphère publique et politique.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Staron, Joséphine. "La solidarité intra-européenne : questions de principe et stratégie d’application pour une refondation du projet européen." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/2020SORUL033.pdf.
Full textOur thesis traces the unprecedent path of solidarity between European States and Peoples made possible by the process of European integration. It questions the conditions, the justifications and the obstacles of what Robert Schuman identified as the transition from “de facto solidarity to production solidarity”, that is to say from negative solidarity understood in the sense of interdependence, to positive, desired, chosen solidarity. This ambitious goal encounters many obstacles. Gradually, European solidarity has been depoliticized and thus became a technical enterprise, following the functionalist method, which caused a loss of meaning and of the aims of the European project. Consequently, the question of legitimate justifications for European solidarity has become imperative, as has the search for conditions for a renewal of the consent of States and Peoples to European solidarity. Indeed, why and how have States consented in the past to an integration project that involved sacrifices in terms of sovereignty, and why and how could they consent to it again tomorrow? The crisis of trust and legitimacy in the EU is indicative of a deeper crisis of intra-European solidarity. We thus identify the normative and empirical conditions of solidarity that we confront with the European experience. Then, by identifying the purposes of European solidarity, we define the contours of an integration framework capable of meeting the expectations of Europeans in terms of solidarity, a means of added protection
Baral, Simone. "Histoire des oeuvres sociales de l'Eglise Vaudoise." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3059/document.
Full textDespite being composed of a limited number of members (about 20000), during the XIXth century the Italian Waldensian Church succeeded in developing a great amount of social works, thanks to a network of relations with the “Protestant International” in Europe and Northern America. This social effort resulted in the development of hospitals, retirement houses, orphanages, professional schools, summer schools and monetary assistance to the poor. This thesis explores a century of Italian social and religious history – from the Restauration to the birth of national legislation on welfare in the Crispinian period – a long three axes of research (the link between church and social works, the relationship between the ecclesiastic and national social intervention, the issue of funding). Its main aim is to identify the steps that allowed this little reformed church to undergo such a significant transformation: from being the recipient of foreign assistance to being one of the key agents in Italian social assistance
Anche se composta da un numero esiguo di membri, circa 20.000 persone, durante l’Ottocento la Chiesa valdese italiana è riuscita a dotarsi di una grande quantità di opere sociali, grazie a una fitta e ampia rete di relazioni con l’Internazionale protestante, in Europa e Nord America. Ospedali, ospizi, orfanotrofi, scuole professionali, colonie estive e borse dei poveri furono i principali risultati di questo sforzo sociale. Attraverso tre assi di ricerca (il legame tra chiesa e opere, i rapporti tra l’azione sociale ecclesiastica e quella statale, il problema del suo finanziamento), il lavoro percorre circa un secolo di storia religiosa e assistenziale in Italia - dalla Restaurazione alla nascita di una legislazione statale in materia assistenziale in epoca crispina –, cercando di mostrare le tappe che hanno permesso a questa piccola chiesa riformata di trasformarsi, da oggetto dell’assistenza straniera, a una delle principali soggetti italiani di servizi sociali
Lamour, Christian. "L’essentiel et le “super-flux” : mouvements et tremblements dans la civilisation métropolitaine des gratuits sur les marges étatiques et démocratiques de l’Europe." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0223/document.
Full textThe free dailies like the penny press in the late 19th century portray an urban civilisation experiencing a time of economic, social, cultural and political turmoils. The current research consists in understanding contemporary metropolitan transitions through the production and the reception of this type of press. Today metropolises are nodes of a world-wide liquid space of goods, people and capitals. Therefore, this commercial press could be essentially the mirror of a global civilisation unrelated to the inherited cities. However, this media depicts and is instrumental in the definition of locally-based territories which concentrate specific fears and expectations. Free dailies are parts of a localised risks Gesellschaft/Gemeinschaft implying two territorial phenomenons : 1) the perpetuation of borders closing the communicational ties between one state power and the metropolitan population, 2) the presence of transitional frontiers showing the ability of the state-civil society communication container to include parts of other territorial states. To understand these interactions, the research takes into consideration three free newspapers located in metropolises whose urban development crosses over state borders: L’essentiel in Luxembourg and the editions of 20 Minutes in Geneva (Switzerland) and in Lille (France)
Jetté, Christian. "Le programme de soutien aux organismes communautaires du ministère de la santé et des services sociaux : une forme institutionnelle structurante du modèle québécois de développement social (1971-2001) /." Montréal : Université du Québec à Montréal, 2005. http://accesbib.uqam.ca/cgi-bin/bduqam/transit.pl?&noMan=24145777.
Full textAranda, Rodriguez Mauricio. "Une assistance à deux vitesses : socio-histoire de l’hébergement social des sans-abri depuis les années 1950." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100119.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the forms that social housing for the homeless has taken in France since the 1950’s. It argues that the interdependencies between the State and charitable organizations have shaped how the public problem of individuals described as "vagabonds", "socially maladjusted", "tramps" or "homeless" has been regulated. In changing economic and social contexts, from the "Trente Glorieuses" to the "Trente Piteuses", these relations are at the origin of an extension of assistance to such groups. The research shows a process of dualization of social housing. Indeed, two categories of public intervention emerge gradually within it: "reintegration" and "urgency". Therefore, it is precisely the institutionalization of this dual form of treatment that constitutes the thread of the subject. From this perspective, this history is also that of the legitimization by the State of various charitable initiatives that contribute to the emergence of new assistive devices. Nourished mainly by archival work, as well as, though to a lesser extent, interviews, observations and other documentary research, this thesis provides a more general reflection on the shifting borders between public and private, "good" and "bad" poor, as well as the recent transformations of the welfare State
Esta tesis analiza las formas tomadas por las políticas de albergue social dirigidas a las personas sin techo en Francia desde los años 1950. Se muestra que son las interdependencias entre el Estado y las organizaciones benéficas quienes dan forma a los modos de regulación del problema público de los individuos calificados de “vagabundos”, “inadaptados sociales”, “locos de la calle” o “sin hogar”. Inscritas en contextos económicos y sociales en evolución, estas relaciones producen una extensión de la ayuda social hacia estas personas. La investigación da cuenta sin embargo de una dualidad del albergue social. Dos categorías de intervención pública se dibujan progresivamente en su seno: la “reinserción” y la “emergencia”. La institucionalización de esta dualidad es justamente el hilo conductor de la tesis. En ese sentido, la historia aquí contada es también la de la legitimación por el Estado de iniciativas privadas de caridad que contribuyen de esa manera a la constitución de nuevos dispositivos de asistencia. Alimentada principalmente por un trabajo de archivos, así como de entrevistas, observaciones y otras revisiones de documentos, esta tesis da a pensar de manera general sobre los desplazamientos de las fronteras entre lo público y lo privado, los “buenos” y los “malos” pobres, y también sobre las transformaciones recientes del Estado de bienestar
Barillé, Claire. "Soigner et guérir : des hôpitaux pour les travailleurs parisiens dans le second XIXe siècle." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100198.
Full textFunctions of hospitals in Paris change throughout second half of the nineteenth century. Architecture, management methods and medical progress are the main fields of this mutation. Studying hospitals publics and related diseases is a mean of revealing the increasing role of hospitals among the city of Paris. Before the first world war, hospitals are not anymore what they used to be in the Ancien Regime. They display yet a medical and social function for the masses. As the field of medicine moves forward, so does the use of hospitals, furnishing proof that such progress was understood by at least a part of the population, whose confidence in the institution that is the modern hospital grew concomitantly
Bradette, Diane. "Comment se protéger à Québec durant la crise économique de 1929-1939 : l'interaction famille, Église, État." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq25284.pdf.
Full textHoffbeck, Valentine. "De l'arriéré au malade héréditaire : histoire de la prise en charge et des représentations du handicap mental en France et Allemagne (1890-1934)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG047/document.
Full textThe topic of this PhD dissertation is the history of mentally deficient children and adults in both France and Germany between 1890 and 1934. This work focuses on people who suffered from mental retardation although at that time they would have been referred to as "feeble-minded," "idiots" or "imbeciles." This study provides a new focus on different subjects. The various circulations of medical models are considered in a dynamic perspective. lt also provides an original vision of the construction of the category of feeblemidness, influenced by agents like doctors [psychiatrists], families or teachers, questioning what was done in practical terms. Mentally deficient people were shaped by the gaze of the people they interacted with. They are also examined in a social and economic context to which these individuals respond. The evolution of the characterization of feeble-mindedness and the use of intelligence tests highlight various attempts to classify those individuals in a more rational way. From a more specific psychiatrie point of view, this thesis shows how the emphasis on their classification as "unproductive persans" as well as the description of feeble-mindedness as a hereditary and "racial" disease transformed them into a social issue in the context of the rise of social Darwinism and eugenics, which led fo their sterilization in Germany from 1934 on
Chort, Marc-Olivier. "Le département et l'Assistance publique au XIXème siècle : l'exemple des Landes (1838-1914)." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU2019.
Full textCreated for the French Revolution, the “départements” i.e. French administrative lands, are getting increased recognition throughout the XIXth Century. Albeit various governments coming into force, the Institution carries forward and is strengthened. Laws provide increased freedoms to “Conseils généraux”, i.e. authorities administering the “départements”, so that they are fully responsible for their own budget by the end of the Second World War. As a result, social assistance is developed within this framework in France. Originally from communal background, social assistance was being implemented thanks to “départements”’ financial commitment. However, some of them relinquished to enact social assistance politics due to tight financial controls, Landes “département” being a significant illustration of this. Though headed by progressive ideals, Landes “Conseil général” is focused on making savings, thereupon not providing satisfying social politics to their inhabitants
Cox, Mary Elisabeth. "Hunger in war and peace : an analysis of the nutritional status of women and children in Germany, 1914-1924." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4ee686ab-fc46-43ab-a3fa-ca8253ea1826.
Full textCarbonel, Frédéric. "Aliénistes et psychologues en Seine-Inférieure de la Restauration au début de la IIIe République : essai d'histoire de la médecine mentale comme "science" de gouvernement au XIXe siècle dans la région de Rouen (1825-1908)." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00431279.
Full textTremblay, Annette. "Paul Sauvé, ministre du bien-être social et de la jeunesse (1946-1959)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29401.
Full textEyraud, Benoît. "Les protections de la personne à demi capable. Suivis ethnographiques d'une autonomie scindée." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00585538.
Full textCahen, Raphaël. "Friedrich Gentz (1764-1832) : penseur post-Lumières et acteur du renouveau de l'ordre européen au temps des révolutions." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1048.
Full textFriedrich Gentz was a publicist, an expert in public finance and political economy, an Austrian diplomat. After the Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815, he became the "Secretary of Europe" whilst remaining an independent intellectual and an Orientalist, at the head of the Ottoman policy of the Austrian Empire. He was also one of the architects and leading players in the anti-Revolutionary and anti-Napoleonic networks and a convinced European. Beginning with a bibliographical section in which correspondence and unpublished sources are examined, this thesis, in its first part, will focus on the study of the intellectual formation of Friedrich Gentz, and will put into perspective his post-Enlightenment political views in the opposition networks moderately opposed to the French Revolution. Particular emphasis will be placed on the networks he used to convey his political views. The second part of this thesis will analyse his thoughts and actions with regard to the order and stability of the "European Republic". Two specific aspects will be highlighted, namely: that of his role in the theorising and creation of the Concert of Europe as an institution for the maintenance of peace and security; and that most conservative moment in his political thought, his role in the Carlsbad Decrees (1819) and the Conference of Vienna (1820) with its restrictive interpretation of Article 13 of the German Confederation. At the end, both his favourable position regarding the revolutionary movements of the 1830s and the kernel of his political thought, in other words, the idea of reconciliation of extremes and the progressive reform of political systems and constitutions will be considered
Canihac, Hugo. "La fabrique savante de l'Europe : une archéologie du discours de l'Europe communautaire (1870-1973)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0617.
Full textThis dissertation aims to understand the construction of a new type of political and socialdiscourse: that of the European Economic Community (EEC). This process is taken, on theone hand, to be the invention on the part of political actors and scholars of a vocabulary andconceptual apparatus which made the EEC thinkable. On the other hand, the process isunderstood as the constitution of specialized disciplines which, by more or less successfullyasserting their legitimacy to produce discourse on the EEC as an object, have contributed torendering certain interpretations obligatory. The dissertation highlights the historical conditionsin which actors have contributed to the emergence, circulation and stabilization of suchknowledge in two founding member states of the EEC - France and Germany – up to the firstenlargement of the EEC in 1973. Beyond the specific case of European integration, thechallenge is to explore the conditions both for political innovation and for the legitimization ofa new political object.Making use of several types of historical source, the thesis retraces the careers of two of thedefinitions widely used to define the EEC up to the present - "supranationality" and the "socialmarket economy". Examination of the uses of these terms makes it possible to identify andinvestigate politico-academic controversies in which the EEC has been defined as a distinctinstitutional type (of the nation-state) and as specific mode of government (of the market).In contrast to the hypothesis of a "revolution" in the EEC, the thesis calls for the reinsertion ofthe invention of the EEC into the longer history of construction of national states andgovernment sciences. Contrary to a genetic interpretation of European integration as a definiteproject from the 1950s, it reveals the diversity of interpretations and knowledges which wereproduced and which competed with one another in the early years of the EEC, and identifiesthe conditions for their unequal success. Finally, the dissertation leads us to qualify thehypothesis of the formation of "common sense" about the EEC, emphasizing the national anddisciplinary differences which persist in their interpretations
Bibert, Alexandre. "Les relations syndicales franco-allemandes (France, RFA, RDA) de 1945 à 1973." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG048.
Full textThe Second World War profoundly disrupted European societies. When the war came to an end, a dynamic of recomposition, based either on reconciliation or on sharp divisions, took hold of the continent. The French and German populations were the first to bear the brunt of these evolutions. Because of their numerous adherents, trade unions constituted the most important mass organizations of their time, and consequently offer a particularly interesting perspective on the Franco-German dialogue, especially against the backdrop of the division of Germany into two states, the Cold War, and the construction of Europe, of which economic interpenetration was a main aspect. This thesis considers, at the crossroads of a process of reconciliation and of future cooperation, the establishment and structuring of trade unions exchanges between France and Germany, examines exchange practices, and highlights adjoining convergence and tension phenomena
Eybalin, Casseus Clara Rachel. "Les migrants, acteurs transnationaux du développement : Les associations haïtiennes en France et jamaïcaines au Royaume-Uni." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT5017.
Full textIn a context where the growing importance of the globalization of migratory flows from the Caribbean region is intensifying and diversifying, a detailed attention on the evolution of migrants' strategies within host societies as well as their socioeconomic and political impact on the origin societies is required. Our thesis in three parts inscribes itself in a reflection on long-distance associative engagement of the Haitian and Jamaican migrant-actor, in a French institutional framework as well as a British one. At the heart of a model between local officials of the country of origin and elected officials of the host society, how can it act in an incentive capacity to foster or to better coordinate the actions taken by migrants' associations? How can a transnational associative framework be beneficiary to the development in the Haitian/Jamaican context? In considering the emergence and evolution of the Haitian associative landscape (France) and Jamaican (the United Kingdom), we wanted to understand the motivations behind the long-distance commitment to bring about development projects in the country of origin. Our fieldwork as well as our methodological approach in a multi-sited terrain helped us better grasp some of the mechanisms of bounded solidarity and of shared resources.Starting from an observed fact, an associative dynamic, which grew significantly in the aftermath of the earthquake in Haiti in January 2010, our study highlights three key elements: the relevance of the sense of belonging of migrants associations, the paramount importance of the relationship between the origin State and the its citizens abroad, and the growing, diverse and complex evolution
Solterbeck, Melanie. "Politicizing humanitarian aid: the European Union's aid program and its role in the Kosovo Crisis." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/2307.
Full textBourbeau, Amélie. "La réorganisation de l'assistance chez les catholiques montréalais : la Fédération des oeuvres de charité canadiennes-françaises et la Federation of Catholic Charities, 1930-1972." Thèse, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2364/1/D1800.pdf.
Full text