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Journal articles on the topic 'AIDS (Disease) in children – Malawi'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Phiri, Sam, Joe Gumulira, Hannock Tweya, et al. "The Malawi Cancer Consortium – Catalyzing Cancer Care and Research in Southern Africa." Journal of Global Oncology 2, no. 3_suppl (2016): 3s—4s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.2016.003780.

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Abstract 68 Background: Cancer burden is increasing in Malawi, particularly for HIV-associated malignancies. Methods: With support from the National Cancer Institute, the Malawi Cancer Consortium (MCC) was initiated in September 2014. Partners include the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Malawi Ministry of Health, University of Malawi College of Medicine, and Lighthouse Trust. Spanning Malawi’s two major cities, Lilongwe and Blantyre, MCC includes three support cores (administration, analysis, mentoring) and three multi-institution research projects: (1) a national HIV-cancer match

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Gombachika, Belinda Chimphamba, Ellen Chirwa, Address Malata, and Alfred Maluwa. "Sources of Information on HIV and Sexual and Reproductive Health for Couples Living with HIV in Rural Southern Malawi." AIDS Research and Treatment 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/235902.

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With wider access to antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV are reconsidering their reproductive decisions: remarrying and having children. The purpose of the paper is to explore sources of information for reproductive decision used by couples living with HIV in patrilineal and matrilineal districts of Malawi. Data were collected from forty couples from July to December 2010. Our results illuminate five specific issues: some of the informants (1) remarry after divorce/death of a spouse, (2) establish new marriage relationship with spouses living with HIV, and (3) have children hence th

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Laughton, Barbara, Mmule Ratswana, Itziar Familiar, et al. "Validity of Neuropsychological Testing in Young African Children Affected by HIV." Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 13, no. 03 (2018): 185–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1637020.

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Introduction Western-constructed neuropsychological tests have been used in low- and middle-income countries to assess the impact of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and other chronic illnesses. We explore using such instruments cross-culturally in a sub-Saharan African setting. Methods IMPAACT P1104S was a 2-year observational study performed at six clinical sites (South Africa—three sites, Malawi, Uganda, and Zimbabwe) to assess and compare neuropsychological outcomes in three cohorts of children between the ages of 5 and 11 years: HIV-infected (HIV)

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Muula, Adamson S. "What Should HIV/AIDS be Called in Malawi?" Nursing Ethics 12, no. 2 (2005): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0969733005ne781oa.

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HIV/AIDS is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the southern African country of Malawi. At the largest referral health facility in Blantyre, the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, the majority of patients hospitalized in medical wards and up to a third of those in the maternity unit are infected with HIV. Many patients in the surgical wards also have HIV/AIDS. Health professionals in Blantyre, however, often choose not to write down the diagnosis of HIV or AIDS; rather, they prefer to use ‘SGOT’, ‘ELISA’ and ‘spot test’ to represent the HIV test, while ‘immunosuppression’, ‘↓ CD4 di

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Heimlich, Jonathan Brett, Godwin Chipoka, Graham Ellis, et al. "Early Renal Disease in Children with Sickle Cell Disease from Malawi." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 1316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.1316.1316.

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Abstract Sickle cell nephropathy (SCN) is a prevalent complication among adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) and has been observed in younger populations, suggesting potential early renal involvement in pediatric patients. Initial hyperfiltration and albuminuria followed by frank proteinuria, leading to declining GFR and eventual end stage renal disease is assumed to be the typical progression of SCN; however, few clinical biomarkers exist to identify early-stage renal disease. We describe the renal profile in 119 children with SCD at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi and propose a

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Marks, M. J., P. J. Haney, M. P. McDermott, C. S. White, and A. D. Vennos. "Thoracic disease in children with AIDS." RadioGraphics 16, no. 6 (1996): 1349–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiographics.16.6.8946540.

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7

Goodman, Philip C. "Pulmonary disease in children with AIDS." Journal of Thoracic Imaging 6, no. 4 (1991): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005382-199109000-00013.

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Sanyahumbi, A., M. Hosseinipour, J. Carapetis, et al. "PO604 Rheumatic Heart Disease With Late Presentation Among Children In Malawi." Global Heart 13, no. 4 (2018): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2018.09.466.

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Ghirwa, Grames. "Structural and social constraints influencing HIV/AIDS teaching in Malawi primary schools." South African Journal of Childhood Education 4, no. 1 (2014): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajce.v4i1.67.

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<p><span style="font-size: medium;">The Ministry of Education in Malawi introduced a Life Skills Education program</span><span style="font-size: medium;">with the intention to empower children with appropriate information and skills to deal with social and health problems affecting the nation including the fight against HIV infections. This study investigated factors affecting the teaching of the Life skills education in four primary schools in the Zomba District, Malawi. Cornbleth’s (1990) notions of the structural and social contexts and Whitaker’s (1993) identificati

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HAMPSHIRE, KATE, GINA PORTER, SAMUEL AGBLORTI, ELSBETH ROBSON, ALISTER MUNTHALI, and ALBERT ABANE. "CONTEXT MATTERS: FOSTERING, ORPHANHOOD AND SCHOOLING IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA." Journal of Biosocial Science 47, no. 2 (2014): 141–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932014000169.

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SummaryA growing body of research suggests that orphanhood and fostering might be (independently) associated with educational disadvantage in sub-Saharan Africa. However, literature on the impacts of orphanhood and fostering on school enrolment, attendance and progress produces equivocal, and often conflicting, results. This paper reports on quantitative and qualitative data from sixteen field-sites in Ghana and Malawi, highlighting the importance of historical and social context in shaping schooling outcomes for fostered and orphaned children. In Malawi, which has been particularly badly affe

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Brough, Helen, and Tiwaope Kachaje. "Follow-Up Care for Pediatric Hearing Aid Users at an Audiology Clinic in Malawi." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 5, no. 6 (2020): 1809–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_persp-20-00129.

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Purpose Hearing loss can have a negative impact on a child's development. Hearing aids, if fitted appropriately, maintained well, and used regularly, can offer benefit to children with hearing loss. Regular reviews of hearing aid users can help to monitor a child's progress and provide timely intervention when problems arise or needs change. This study investigates the follow-up care received by children fitted with hearing aids at a clinic in Malawi. Method A clinical audit was done of the frequency of face-to-face follow-up appointments, following which all pediatric hearing aid users who ha

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Nightingale, Rebecca. "Non-communicable respiratory disease in Malawi: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Malawi Medical Journal 32, no. 2 (2020): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/mmj.v32i2.3.

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BackgroundNon-communicable respiratory diseases are important contributors to morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan African countries such as Malawi. AimTo conduct a systematic review of the available literature relating to chronic respiratory disease in Malawi. MethodsWe conducted a systematic protocol-driven literature search of key scientific databases including Scopus and Medline. Papers were independently assessed for eligibility by two authors and included if they reported objective measures (including self-reported standard symptoms) of chronic respiratory disease and were conducted in

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Ellis, Graham, Godwin Chipoka, Pilirani Mafunga, et al. "Nutritional Status and Hydroxyurea Use Among Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Malawi." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 2499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.2499.2499.

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Abstract Introduction: The global distribution of sickle cell disease (SCD) overlaps with that of food scarcity and nutritional deficiencies. Chronic anemia secondary to SCD contributes to nutritional deficiencies, for example folic acid. Few studies have evaluated associations between malnutrition and SCD, nor effects of malnutrition on SCD outcomes. Moreover,hydroxyurea(HU), a disease modifying agent for SCD, has not been specifically evaluated in malnourished children although it is known to bind pharmacologically to human serum albumin. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional nutritional a

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Limaye, Rupali J., Rajiv N. Rimal, Glory Mkandawire, Peter Roberts, William Dothi, and Jane Brown. "Talking about sex in Malawi: toward a better understanding of interpersonal communication for HIV prevention." Journal of Public Health Research 1, no. 2 (2012): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2012.e17.

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The generalised AIDS epidemic in Malawi presents many challenges. As communication and advice from parents, peers, and partners are important factors in influencing sexual behaviour, understanding communication may provide insights into behaviour change programming. This mixed-method study used a household survey (n=1812) and 15 focus group discussions from the southern districts of Malawi to explore communication about sex and sexuality. Quantitative study findings point to the idea that self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and injunctive norms about talking about condom use are important facto

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Elsherif, Laila, Jonathan Brett Heimlich, Portia Kamthunzi, et al. "Exploratory Study of Urine Metabolomics in Sickle Cell Disease Children with Albuminuria in Malawi." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 3680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-120233.

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Abstract Introduction : Chronic kidney disease is common in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and is associated with increased mortality. As albuminuria and changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) occur well after substantial structural and functional tissue damage have ensued, biomarkers that predict the development of CKD are needed. Metabolite profiling and the bioinformatics tools to study them may aid in the discovery of novel associations and uncover pathophysiological pathways in SCD-related glomerulopathy. In this study, we have performed an exploratory study to id

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Mvalo, Tisungane, Hillary Topazian, Portia Kamthunzi, et al. "Increasing hydroxyurea use in children with sickle cell disease at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi." Blood Advances 2, Supplement_1 (2018): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2018gs110347.

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Hazra, Rohan, Sun Hwa Lee, Joel N. Maslow, and Robert N. Husson. "Related Strains ofMycobacterium aviumCause Disease in Children with AIDS and in Children with Lymphadenitis." Journal of Infectious Diseases 181, no. 4 (2000): 1298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/315378.

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Andriano, Liliana, and Christiaan W. S. Monden. "The Causal Effect of Maternal Education on Child Mortality: Evidence From a Quasi-Experiment in Malawi and Uganda." Demography 56, no. 5 (2019): 1765–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-019-00812-3.

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Abstract Since the 1980s, the demographic literature has suggested that maternal schooling plays a key role in determining children’s chances of survival in low- and middle-income countries; however, few studies have successfully identified a causal relationship between maternal education and under-5 mortality. To identify such a causal effect, we exploited exogenous variation in maternal education induced by schooling reforms introducing universal primary education in the second half of the 1990s in Malawi and Uganda. Using a two-stage residual inclusion approach and combining individual-leve

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Chimphamba Gombachika, Belinda, Heidi Fjeld, Ellen Chirwa, Johanne Sundby, Address Malata, and Alfred Maluwa. "A Social Ecological Approach to Exploring Barriers to Accessing Sexual and Reproductive Health Services among Couples Living with HIV in Southern Malawi." ISRN Public Health 2012 (November 26, 2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/825459.

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With wide access to antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV are living longer. The reduction in the mother-to-child transmission of HIV has encouraged some people living with HIV to have children and remarry. However, some continue to have limited access to sexual and reproductive health services. The study explores barriers encountered by couples living with HIV in accessing sexual and reproductive health services using the social ecological model. Data were collected using in-depth interviews with twenty couples purposively sampled in matrilineal Chiradzulu and patrilineal Chikhwawa c

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Rahmawati, Azharistya, Agnes Widanti S, and Suwandi Sawandi. "The Fulfillment of Protection Rights of The Children Suffering From HIV /AIDS Disease at Semarang City." SOEPRA 5, no. 1 (2019): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.24167/shk.v5i1.1650.

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HIV/AIDS is one of health issues that was sensitive to talk about. It related to the unique nature of the disease. HIV/AIDS case factually appeared as an iceberg phenomenon but, in addition, it brought stigma and discrimination that were experienced by the sufferers as well as their families. The number of HIV/AIDS cases, as a matter of fact, increased every year. Although the reported number of HIV/AIDS cases of children were lower than of adults the children, anyhow, were very vulnerable to HIV/AIDS.The objectives of this research was to recognize and describe: 1. the regulations that guaran

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Flick, R. J., M. H. Kim, K. Simon, et al. "Burden of disease and risk factors for death among children treated for tuberculosis in Malawi." International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 20, no. 8 (2016): 1046–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.15.0928.

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Ahmed, Saeed, Rachael A. Sabelli, Katie Simon, et al. "Index case finding facilitates identification and linkage to care of children and young persons living with HIV/AIDS in Malawi." Tropical Medicine & International Health 22, no. 8 (2017): 1021–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12900.

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Skeen, S., A. Macedo, M. Tomlinson, I. S. Hensels, and L. Sherr. "Exposure to violence and psychological well-being over time in children affected by HIV/AIDS in South Africa and Malawi." AIDS Care 28, sup1 (2016): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2016.1146219.

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Heimlich, Jonathan Brett, Godwin Chipoka, Portia Kamthunzi, et al. "Establishing Sickle Cell Diagnostics and Characterizing a Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease Cohort in Malawi." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 2070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2070.2070.

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Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa; however, there are relatively few studies describing the clinical profile for children with laboratory-confirmed SCD. Prior to December 2014, neither neonatal screening nor standardized methods for SCD diagnosis were routinely available in Malawi, as hemoglobin electrophoresis and alternative diagnostic methods were absent. We describe implementation of hemoglobin electrophoresis for children with clinically suspected SCD at Kamuzu Central Hospital, one of two national teaching hospitals in Malawi. Children with clin

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Martin, Taliva D., Maya S. Ling, Emmett T. Cunningham, Ann Petru, and Susan H. Day. "Prevalence and clinical characteristics of ocular disease in children with HIV/AIDS." Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 19, no. 4 (2015): e52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaapos.2015.07.163.

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Buriti, Ana Karina Lima, Simone Helena dos Santos Oliveira, and Lilian Ferreira Muniz. "Hearing loss in children with HIV/AIDS." CoDAS 25, no. 6 (2013): 513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2317-17822013.05000013.

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PURPOSE: To investigate the occurrence of hearing loss in children with HIV and its association with viral load, opportunistic diseases, and antiretroviral treatment. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 23 HIV-positive children under care at two specialized centers in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Their parents or legal guardians responded to a questionnaire, containing data on the clinical situation and the hearing health of the children, who were then submitted to audiological assessment. We complied with the guidelines for human research contained in the CNE (National Educ

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Bennett, A., N. Bar-Zeev, K. C. Jere, et al. "Determination of a Viral Load Threshold To Distinguish Symptomatic versus Asymptomatic Rotavirus Infection in a High-Disease-Burden African Population." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 53, no. 6 (2015): 1951–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00875-15.

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We evaluated quantitative real-time PCR to establish the diagnosis of rotavirus gastroenteritis in a high-disease-burden population in Malawi using enzyme immunoassay as the gold standard diagnostic test. In 146 children with acute gastroenteritis and 65 asymptomatic children, we defined a cutoff point in the threshold cycle value (26.7) that predicts rotavirus-attributable gastroenteritis in this population. These data will inform the evaluation of direct and indirect rotavirus vaccine effects in Africa.

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Bondo, Austin, Bejoy Nambiar, Norman Lufesi, et al. "An assessment of PCV13 vaccine coverage using a repeated cross-sectional household survey in Malawi." Gates Open Research 2 (August 2, 2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.12837.1.

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Background: The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced in Malawi from November 2011 using a three dose primary series at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age to reduce Streptococcus pneumoniae-related diseases. To date, PCV13 paediatric coverage in Malawi has not been rigorously assessed. We used household surveys to longitudinally track paediatric PCV13 coverage in rural Malawi. Methods: Samples of 60 randomly selected children (30 infants aged 6 weeks to 4 months and 30 aged 4-16 months) were sought in each of 20 village clinic catchment ‘basins’ of Kabudula health area, Lilon

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Chimbatata, Chikondi Sharon, Master RO Chisale, Alfred Bornwell Kayira, et al. "Paediatric sickle cell disease at a tertiary hospital in Malawi: a retrospective cross-sectional study." BMJ Paediatrics Open 5, no. 1 (2021): e001097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001097.

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IntroductionSickle cell disease (SCD) remains a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity in Malawi. However, literature to comprehensively describe the disease in the paediatric population is lacking.MethodsA retrospective review of clinical files of children with SCD was conducted. Descriptive statistics were performed to summarise the data. χ2 or Fisher’s exact test was used to look for significant associations between predictor variables and outcome variables (case fatality and length of hospital stay). Predictor variables that were significantly associated with outcome variables (p

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McGann, Patrick T., Anne M. Williams, Graham Ellis, et al. "Prevalence of inherited blood disorders and associations with malaria and anemia in Malawian children." Blood Advances 2, no. 21 (2018): 3035–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2018023069.

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Abstract In sub-Saharan Africa, inherited causes of anemia are common, but data are limited regarding the geographical prevalence and coinheritance of these conditions and their overall contributions to childhood anemia. To address these questions in Malawi, we performed a secondary analysis of the 2015-2016 Malawi Micronutrient Survey, a nationally and regionally representative survey that estimated the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies and evaluated both inherited and noninherited determinants of anemia. Children age 6 to 59 months were sampled from 105 clusters within the 2015-2016 M

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Rubinstein, Arye, Rachel Morecki, Bernard Silverman, et al. "Pulmonary disease in children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and AIDS-related complex." Journal of Pediatrics 108, no. 4 (1986): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(86)80822-8.

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Gouveia, Josiana, Edvaldo Souza, and Ana Falbo. "Late-stage HIV/AIDS among children: the missing diagnosis of a preventable disease." Tropical Doctor 39, no. 1 (2009): 41–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/td.2008.080074.

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Dunlop, Kathryn Anne, Peter Coyle, Suzanne Mitchell, et al. "Molecular testing of respiratory swabs aids early recognition of meningococcal disease in children." Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 70, no. 4 (2011): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2011.03.018.

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Schwarcz, Sandra K., and George W. Rutherford. "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Infants, Children, and Adolescents." Journal of Drug Issues 19, no. 1 (1989): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268901900106.

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The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first described as a disease of homosexual men. The first cases of AIDS in children were reported in 1982 and involved a transfusion recipient and four infants born to women at increased risk for AIDS. Infants may acquire their infection perinatally or possibly postnatally through infected breast milk. Parenterally acquired infection, through transfusion of blood or blood products, occurs in infants, children, and adolescents. Adolescents are also at risk for infection through sexual transmission and through shared needles among intravenous dru

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Olufemi Olaniyi, Taiwo, and Pam Sunday. "Oral manifestations of HIV infection in 36 Nigerian children." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 30, no. 1 (2006): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.30.1.a75w1602n0x6577r.

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Oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS are early and common clinical indicators of HIV infection. There has been no report on the clinical prevalence of oral lesions associated with HIV infection in children in sub-Saharan Africa.We report the findings of a cross sectional study of 36 Nigerian children seen at the Pediatrics Infectious Disease Clinic of the AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria (APIN), Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) Jos, Nigeria.

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Wati, Dyah Kanya, Bagus Ngurah Putu Arhana, Dewi Kumara Wati, and Tuti Parwati Merati. "AIDS in a three-year old girl." Paediatrica Indonesiana 46, no. 6 (2016): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi46.6.2006.281-4.

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The acquired immunodeficiency syndromein children was first recognized in 1982, oneyear after the initial description in adults.WHO estimates that 2 million children hadbeen infected with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) by the year 2000. Pediatric AIDS threatenschild survival in developing countries. At the endof 1999, 34.3 million individuals were estimated tobe infected globally, of which 1.3 million (3.8%)were children below 15 years old. Until September2005, no children with HIV AIDS in Indonesia wasfound.Approximately 80% of children acquired HIV-1infection from vertical maternal transm

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McNutt, Briar. "The Under-Enrollment of HIV-infected Foster Children in Clinical Trials and Protocols and the Need for Corrective State Action." American Journal of Law & Medicine 20, no. 3 (1994): 231–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0098858800007164.

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The incidence of HIV infection and AIDS in children has grown at an alarming rate. Approximately one million children worldwide have HIV infection. By the year 2000, an estimated ten million children will suffer from the disease. Currently, the United States has a population of an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 HIV-infected children. As of June 30, 1993, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported 4,710 known AIDS cases in children twelve years-old and younger. At that point, New York City reported 1,124 pediatric AIDS cases which represented twenty-four percent of all cases in t

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Andronikou, S., M. Patel, P. Sinclair, and M. McCulloch. "Hypertensive encephalopathy with CT confirmatin in four children with acute renal disease." South African Journal of Radiology 9, no. 1 (2005): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v9i1.92.

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Hypertensive encephalopathy (HE) isa clinical syndrome that occurs infrequentlyin children and is oftenunderdiagnosed. We review fourpatients with HE and describe theirclinical presentation and radiologicalfindings on computed tomography(CT). Our cases demonstrate typicalfeatures on CT and correlate clinicallywith the syndrome of HE. Promptrecognition of the syndrome aids inearlier diagnosis and treatment, andhence proves beneficial to the patient.

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Mason, John B., Adam Bailes, Karen E. Mason, et al. "AIDS, drought, and child malnutrition in southern Africa." Public Health Nutrition 8, no. 6 (2005): 551–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2005726.

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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate trends in child malnutrition in six countries in southern Africa, in relation to the HIV epidemic and drought in crop years 2001/2 and 2002/3.DesignEpidemiological analysis of sub-national and national surveys with related data.SettingData from Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe, compiled and analysed under UNICEF auspices.SubjectsSecondary data: children 0–5 years for weight-for-age; HIV prevalence data from various sources especially antenatal clinic surveillance.ResultsChild nutritional status as measured by prevalence of underweight

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Sims Sanyahumbi, Amy, Craig A. Sable, Melissa Karlsten, et al. "Task shifting to clinical officer-led echocardiography screening for detecting rheumatic heart disease in Malawi, Africa." Cardiology in the Young 27, no. 6 (2016): 1133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951116002511.

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AbstractBackgroundEchocardiographic screening for rheumatic heart disease in asymptomatic children may result in early diagnosis and prevent progression. Physician-led screening is not feasible in Malawi. Task shifting to mid-level providers such as clinical officers may enable more widespread screening.HypothesisWith short-course training, clinical officers can accurately screen for rheumatic heart disease using focussed echocardiography.MethodsA total of eight clinical officers completed three half-days of didactics and 2 days of hands-on echocardiography training. Clinical officers were eva

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Chidziwisano, Tilley, Malolo, Kumwenda, Musaya, and Morse. "Risk Factors Associated with Feeding Children under 2 Years in Rural Malawi—A Formative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 12 (2019): 2146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122146.

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Diarrhoeal disease remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the under-five population, particularly in low income settings such as sub-Saharan Africa. Despite significant progress in sanitation and water access, faecal-oral infections persist in these populations. Therefore, a better understanding of these transmission pathways, and how potential risk factors can be reduced within low income contexts is needed. This study, conducted in Southern Malawi from June to October 2017, used a mixed methods approach to collect data from household surveys (n = 323), checklists (n

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Silva, Richardson Augusto Rosendo da, Vera Maria da Rocha, Rejane Marie Barbosa Davim, and Gilson de Vasconcelos Torres. "Ways of coping with AIDS: opinion of mothers with HIV children." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 16, no. 2 (2008): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692008000200014.

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The research aims at identifying strategies of coping with AIDS used by mothers of HIV positive children to live better with their children's disease. The method used was a descriptive qualitative study. Thirty-three structured interviews were conducted with HIV positive women voluntaries and registered as users in the clinic of the public hospital of reference for the treatment of AIDS in Natal/RN. For data analysis, the method used was thematic content analysis. From the analysis, prevalent categories regarding forms of facing AIDS came up, they were: overprotection and fear; donation; hope;

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Bennett, Aisleen, Louisa Pollock, Khuzwayo C. Jere, et al. "Duration and Density of Fecal Rotavirus Shedding in Vaccinated Malawian Children With Rotavirus Gastroenteritis." Journal of Infectious Diseases 222, no. 12 (2019): 2035–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz612.

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Abstract Quantifying rotavirus shedding among vaccinated individuals will aid understanding of vaccine indirect effects. Serial stool samples were collected from 196 children who presented with rotavirus gastroenteritis to health facilities in Blantyre, Malawi, and were tested for rotavirus using a VP6 semi-quantitative, real-time polymerase chain reaction. The median duration of fecal shedding was 28 days (95% CI, 19–28). The median copy numbers for peak shedding were 1.99 × 107 (interquartile range, 3.39 × 106 to 6.37 × 107). The fecal viral load was positively associated with disease severi

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Msefula, Chisomo L., Franziska Olgemoeller, Ndaru Jambo, et al. "Ascertaining the burden of invasive Salmonella disease in hospitalised febrile children aged under four years in Blantyre, Malawi." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13, no. 7 (2019): e0007539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007539.

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Cunliffe, Nigel A., Jailosi S. Gondwe, Robin L. Broadhead, et al. "Rotavirus G and P types in children with acute diarrhea in Blantyre, Malawi, from 1997 to 1998: Predominance of novel P[6]G8 Strains." Journal of Medical Virology 57, no. 3 (1999): 308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199903)57:3<308::aid-jmv15>3.0.co;2-b.

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Evans, Rhys D. R., Marie Docherty, Anna Seeley, et al. "Incidence, Etiology, and Outcomes of Community-Acquired Acute kidney injury in Pediatric Admissions in Malawi." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 38, no. 6 (2018): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2017.00253.

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Background The epidemiology of acute kidney injury (AKI) in children in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) is poorly described. The aim of this study was to establish the incidence, etiology, and outcomes of community-acquired AKI in pediatric admissions in Southern Malawi. Methods We conducted a prospective observational study of pediatric admissions to a tertiary hospital in Blantyre between 5 February and 30 April 2016. Children were screened for kidney disease on admission with measurement of serum creatinine and assessment of urine output. The clinical presentation, etiology, and management of child

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Prado-Calleros, Héctor M., Bertha B. Castillo-Ventura, Irma Jiménez-Escobar, et al. "Noma and Noma-like disease in HIV/AIDS patients, a comorbid interaction: A systematic review." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 12, no. 02 (2018): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.9716.

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Introduction: Noma is an opportunistic polymicrobial infection that cause necrosis of the mouth and face, with high morbidity and mortality, predominantly affecting malnourished children and persons with debilitating diseases. Cases of noma-like disease in adults, although rare, have been increasingly reported in HIV/AIDS patients particularly in developing countries but also in more developed countries. Methodology: A systematic review of the literature to assess the occurrence and clinical impact of noma and noma-like disease in HIV/AIDS patients was performed on PubMed, Virtual Health

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Gadama, Luis, Chrissie Thakwalakwa, Chimwemwe Mula, et al. "‘Prison facilities were not built with a woman in mind’: an exploratory multi-stakeholder study on women’s situation in Malawi prisons." International Journal of Prisoner Health 16, no. 3 (2020): 303–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-12-2019-0069.

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Purpose Sub-Saharan African prisons have seen a substantial increase in women prisoners, including those incarcerated with children. There is very little strategic literature available on the health situation and needs of women prisoners and their circumstantial children in Malawi. The study aims to explore this issue. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative exploratory study using in-depth key informant interviews with senior correctional stakeholders (commissioner of prison farms, senior correctional management staff, senior health officials and senior officers in charge) (n = 5) and focus

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Tovo, P. A., M. d. Martino, C. Gabiano, et al. "Aids Appearance In Children Is Associated With The Velocity Of Disease Progression In Their Mothers." Journal of Infectious Diseases 170, no. 4 (1994): 1000–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/170.4.1000.

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Bunupuradah, T., K. Matsuoka, M. Imahashi, et al. "APOBEC3G and G-to-A hypermutation in Asian children with different HIV/AIDS disease progression." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 21 (April 2014): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.1033.

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