Academic literature on the topic 'AIDS (Disease) in women – Lesotho'
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Journal articles on the topic "AIDS (Disease) in women – Lesotho"
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Harrison, Abigail, Susan E. Short, and Maletela Tuoane-Nkhasi. "Re-focusing the Gender Lens: Caregiving Women, Family Roles and HIV/AIDS Vulnerability in Lesotho." AIDS and Behavior 18, no. 3 (May 18, 2013): 595–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-013-0515-z.
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Hlalele, Dipane, and Puleng Relebohile Letsie. "Gender Inequality and HIV/AIDS in Lesotho: A Human Disease Ecological Perspective." Journal of Human Ecology 36, no. 3 (December 2011): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2011.11906430.
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Møller, Valerie. "AIDS: The ‘Grandmothers' Disease’ in Southern Africa." Ageing and Society 17, no. 4 (July 1997): 461–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x97216533.
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In Africa, AIDS is called the grandmothers' disease because the burden of caring for the sick and the survivors falls on older women. The two abstracts which follow report an overview of research on the social and economic effects of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Southern Africa and a case study of an intervention among older women in a Botswanan village.
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Pinto, Valdir Monteiro, Mariza Vono Tancredi, Antonio Tancredi Neto, and Cássia Maria Buchalla. "Sexually transmitted disease/HIV risk behaviour among women who have sex with women." AIDS 19, Suppl 4 (October 2005): S64—S69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aids.0000191493.43865.2a.
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Cohan, Nancy, and Joan D. Atwood. "Women and AIDS: The social constructions of gender and disease." Family Systems Medicine 12, no. 1 (1994): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0089291.
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Mulenga, Maureen Makayi, and Liza Marie Conyers. "A Rehabilitation Perspective on HIV Disease and AIDS Among Minority Women." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 34, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.34.3.33.
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Women with HIV/AIOS have specific needs that require specialized approaches to address the effects of this disease on them. Minority women with HIV/AIOS, however, have to deal with the triple challenge of race, class, and gender in addition to HIV/AIOS. The paper examines two groups of minority women, African American and Hispanic women, and discusses factors that place these women at high risk for HIV/AIOS. The interaction of race, class, and gender, and how it relates to the prevalence of high rates of HIV/AIOS in minority women is explored. Medical, economic and vocational issues of minority women living with this disease are discussed, and suggestions for rehabilitation of theses women are made.
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Singer, Merrill, Candida Flores, Lani Davison, and William Gonzales. "Reaching Minority Women: AIDS Prevention for Latinas." Practicing Anthropology 15, no. 4 (September 1, 1993): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.15.4.c54j55g1l1818621.
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Minority women are dramatically over represented among female HIV disease patients. They also are more likely to be single heads of household, have less access to basic support and survival resources, and are subject to ethnic/racial discrimination across health and social institutions. They are in worse health generally than are other women and have higher rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) that are co-factors for AIDS. They are more likely to engage in poverty-driven AIDS risk behaviors and are less likely to be reached by mainstream AIDS prevention education programs. Hence, the need for women-focused AIDS prevention strategies is especially critical in ethnic minority communities.
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Wilson, A. O. "The grandmothers' disease--the impact of AIDS on Africa's older women." Age and Ageing 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/30.1.8.
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Louis, Judette, Mudathiru A. Buhari, Dianne Allen, Bernard Gonik, and Theodore B. Jones. "Postpartum Morbidity Associated With Advanced HIV Disease." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2006 (2006): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/idog/2006/79512.
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Objective. To investigate the postpartum morbidity and postpartum management of febrile morbidity associated with advanced HIV infection. Methods. A case control study of HIV infected women at a tertiary care center during January 2000–June 2005 was performed. Postpartum morbidity was defined as endometritis, blood transfusion, wound complication, readmission, infectious morbidity, or unexpected surgery. Results. Women in Group 1 had AIDS (N=33), Group 2 were relatively immunocompetent HIV infected women (N=115), and Group 3 were uninfected women (N=152). Group 1 was more likely to have a postpartum morbidity (32.3 versus 19.3 and 13.2%,P=.03) and to have postpartum imaging 18.8 versus 7.9 and 2.6%,P=.002. After controlling for potential confounders, cesarean delivery (OR 6.2, 95%CI 2.1–505.5) but not advanced HIV disease was associated with an increased risk of postpartum morbidity. Conclusion. Cesarean delivery and not advanced HIV disease increases the risk of postpartum morbidity in women with AIDS.
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Brawner, Bridgette M. "A Multilevel Understanding of HIV/AIDS Disease Burden among African American Women." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 43, no. 5 (September 2014): E49—E50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1552-6909.12480.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "AIDS (Disease) in women – Lesotho"
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Diaho, Mahlao Judith. "Experiences and coping strategies of women living with HIV/AIDS diagnosis : a case study of Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49959.
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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Several studies have reported that thirty million people are living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. Fifty percent of the infected adults are women aged between 15 and 49 years. In Lesotho, HIV/AIDS has also been declared a national emergency and an estimated 180,000 women out of 330,000 adults, and 27,000 children are living with HIV/AIDS. Statistics have shown that the majority of AIDS cases occur in adults aged 15 and 49 years in Lesotho. Presently women are the fastest growing infected population in Lesotho. Regardless of the growing numbers of women infected with HIV/AIDS, experiences of women living with HIV/AIDS have received little attention in Lesotho. Qualitative research in this area is necessary to gain access to women's perceptions of their HIV positive status. In this study, the experiences and coping strategies of Basotho women living with HIV/AIDS were investigated. The study used a feminist approach to research. Feminist research stresses the multiplicity of knowledge and it is useful to understand the subjective experiences of women. Indepth, face-to-face interviews were conducted with five women ranging between 29 and 46 years, purposefully drawn from Positive Action Society Lesotho (PASL). Grounded theory was used to analyse the data. Findings indicate that women's risk for exposure to HIV is related to their ability to protect themselves by negotiating a safe sexual relationship. Women who feel powerless in their relationships are less likely to protect themselves against HIVexposure. These perceptions of powerlessness are the result of a broad array of experiences that may include exposure to gender-based violence and restricted economic opportunities. The results show that it is common for women to be shocked, depressed, and discouraged when they find that they are living with HIV/AIDS as can be expected. It is also difficult for women to disclose their HIV positive status to family, friends and community members because of stigma attached to HIV/AIDS. Participants developed different ways of coping with their status such as religion, healthy life style, AIDS counselling and social networks. There was a profound sense of anxiety about the future care of children. The study concludes with a number of recommendations to promote an environment that will make it possible for women living with HIV/AIDS to cope with their illness.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Studies het bevind dat daar ongeveer dertig miljoen mense in sub-Sahara Afrika is wat met MIVNIGS leef. Vyftig persent van geinfekteerde volwassenes is vroue tussen die ouderdom van 15-49 jaar. In Lesotho is MIVNIGS as 'n nasionale ramp verklaar en daar word beraam dat 330,000 volwassenes, 180,000 vroue en 27,000 kinders MIVNIGS het. Statistiek het ook getoon dat die meerderheid VIGS gevalle in Lesotho voorkom by volwassenes in die ouderdomsgroep 15-49 jaar. Vroue is tans die vinnigste groeiende groep. Ten spyte van die groeiende getalle vroue wat met MIVNIGS geinfekteer is, het die ervaringe van vroue in Lesotho wat met MIVNIGS saamleef tot dusver relatief min aandag geniet. Kwalitatiewe navorsing in hierdie verband is nodig om toegang tot vroue se persepsies te verkry rakende hul eie MIV positiewe status. In hierdie studie is die ervaringe en hanteringsmeganismes van Basoetoe vroue wat MIVNIGS het, ondersoek. Die studie het 'n feministiese benadering gebruik, wat die multiplisiteit van kennis en die subjektiewe ervaringe van vroue beklemtoon. In-diepte aangesig-tot-aangesig onderhoude is met vroue tussen 29-46 jaar gevoer. Gegronde teorie is gebruik om die data te analiseer. Bevindinge dui aan dat vroue se risiko vir blootstelling aan MIV verband hou met hul vermoë om hulself te beskerm deur te onderhandel vir 'n veilige seksuele verhouding met 'n maat. Vroue wat magteloos in hul verhoudings voel, is waarskynlik minder suksesvol om hulself teen MIV blootstelling te beskerm. Hierdie persepsies van magteloosheid is die resultaat van 'n breë spektrum ervaringe wat sekondêre status, blootstelling aan geweld, en beperkte ekonomiese geleenthede insluit. Soos wat verwag word, toon die bevindinge dat dit algemeen vir vroue is om geskok, deppressief en ontmoedig te wees wanneer hulle uitvind dat hul MIVNIGS het. Dit is ook moeilik vir vroue om hul MIV status aan familie, vriende en gemeenskapslede bekend te maak weens die stigma wat aan MIVNIGS kleef. Respondente het verskeie wyses ontwikkelom hul status te hanteer, soos godsdiens, 'n gesonde leefstyl, VIGS raadgewing en sosiale netwerke. Daar was ook 'n intense bekommernis by vroue oor die toekomstige sorg vir hul kinders. Die studie sluit af met 'n aantal aanbevelings om 'n omgewing te promoveer wat dit vir vroue wat met MIVNIGS leef moontlik sal maak om hul siekte te hanteer.
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Mofokeng, Shoeshoe. "Views of health service providers on the need for support services for HIV-positive mothers in the rural areas of Lesotho : an ecological perspective." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96969.
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Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV/AIDS is one of the worst pandemics affecting the world today. It cuts across all boundaries and many people are infected as well as affected. The virus has reached all the corners of the globe, but the most hit by it is Africa, especially southern Africa, which carries more than half of the population infected and affected by HIV/AIDS. The top five countries whose populationsare infected with HIV are in southern Africa. Lesotho is amongst the top three on this list and also has problems of poverty and a high unemployment rate. Women and children, who are the target groups that are most affected by poverty, are also those living in rural areas. Thus, being an HIV-positive mother living in the rural areas of Lesotho means one has to deal with poverty, the inaccessibility of services and the psychological impacts of HIV. The aim of the study was to gain a better understanding of the views of health service providers on the need and accessibility of support services for HIV-positive mothers in the rural areas of Lesotho from an ecological perspective. To achieve this aim, the objectives were: to offer an overview of the phenomenon of HIV and describe the psychosocial needs and sociocultural circumstance of HIV-positive mothers in the rural areas of Lesotho, and to discuss the HIV-positive mothers’ need for support services from an ecological perspective. Both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used. The research utilised exploratory and descriptive design. Purposive sampling was used to select the 30 participants who took part in the study. Data was gathered by means of semi-structured questionnaires that were administered during individual interviews. The questionnaires were formulated on the basis of information retrieved during the literature review. The findings of the study reveal that HIV-positive mothers living in the rural areas of Lesotho have economic, social and cultural circumstance as factors hindering their treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS. They are also faced with the psychological impacts of HIV, and the findings revealed that disclosure was the key to addressing their problems. The findings also show that most mothers receivedemotional, instrumental, informational and appraisal support from their families at the micro-level of the ecological perspective. The other levels – meso, exo and macro – provided only limited support for the mothers. The recommendations are that these mothers need social support at all levels of the ecological perspective to meet their needs
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: MIV/vigs is een van die ergste pandemies in die moderne wêreld. Dit ken geen grense nie, en vele mense ly hetsy daaraan of daaronder. Die virus het reeds alle uithoeke van die aarde bereik. Tog gaan Afrika, veral Suider-Afrika, die swaarste daaronder gebuk, en word meer as die helfte van die totale populasie wat aan of onder MIV/vigs ly hier aangetref. Die vyf lande met die hoogste MIV-infeksiesyfers ter wêreld is almal in die streek geleë. Lesotho is een van die drie lande boaan hierdie lys, en het terselfdertyd te kampe met die probleme van armoede en ’n hoë werkloosheidsyfer. Vroue en kinders, synde die groepe wat die ergste deur armoede geraak word, woon ook meestal in landelike gebiede. ’n MIV-positiewe moeder in die landelike gebiede van Lesotho moet dus armoede, ontoeganklike dienste sowel as die sielkundige uitwerking van MIV trotseer. Die doel van hierdie studie was om vanuit die ekologiese perspektief ’n beter begrip te vorm van gesondheidsdiensverskaffers se sienings oor die behoefte aan en toeganklikheid van steundienste vir MIV-positiewe moeders in die landelike gebiede van Lesotho. Om hierdie doel te bereik, was die oogmerke om ’n oorsig van die MIV-verskynsel te bied, die psigososiale behoeftes en sosiokulturele omstandighede van MIV-positiewe moeders in die landelike gebiede van Lesotho te beskryf, en die moeders se behoefte aan steundienste vanuit die ekologiese perspektief te bespreek. ’n Kwantitatiewe sowel as ’n kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetode is gevolg, en die navorser het van ’n verkennende en beskrywende ontwerp gebruik gemaak. Doelgerigte steekproefneming is gebruik om die 30 studiedeelnemers te kies. Data is met behulp van semigestruktureerde vraelyste gedurende individuele onderhoude ingesamel. Die vraelyste is opgestel op grond van inligting wat in die literatuuroorsig bekom is. Die studie bevind dat ekonomiese, maatskaplike en kulturele omstandighede MIV/vigs-behandeling en -voorkoming vir MIV-positiewe vroue in die landelike gebiede van Lesotho belemmer. Daarbenewens moet hulle die sielkundige uitwerking van MIV die hoof bied, en die studie dui op openbaarmaking as die sleutel om hul probleme te hanteer. Die bevindinge toon ook dat die meeste moeders emosionele, fisiese, inligting- en bevestigende steun van hul families op die mikrovlak van die ekologiese perspektief ontvang. Die ander vlakke – meso, ekso en makro – bied slegs beperkte steun. Die studie kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat hierdie moeders op alle vlakke van die ekologiese perspektief maatskaplike steun moet ontvang om in hul behoeftes te voorsien.
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Mphana, Mateboho Patricia. "HIV/AIDS prevention and care for learners in a higher education institution in Lesotho." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5307.
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Thesis (MCur (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Nursing Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV/AIDS is considered as a global problem with the number of people living with HIV infection continuing to increase. At the end of 2007 HIV/AIDS had already claimed 25 million lives. Of all new HIV infections 71% were diagnosed in the Sub-Saharan region in 2008, remaining the worst affected region globally. UNAIDS (2008:43) indicated that heterosexual intercourse remained the main origin for HIV infection in the Sub-Saharan region. Therefore the researcher is of the opinion that prevention strategies should focus mainly on sexual transmission of the disease. HIV/AIDS affects mainly people between the ages 15-24 years, notably the age group of most of the learners in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Lesotho, a country in the Sub- Saharan region, presents with the third highest HIV adult prevalence (23.2%) in the world and in the region. In an attempt to address the prevailing situation, Lesotho has a number of programmes geared towards addressing HIV/AIDS in the country. However, all these attempts exclude the learners in HEIs, yet the majority of learners are found within the most affected age group. It is also to be noted that Higher Education provides the bedrock for socio-economic and political development in Africa. Some studies have identified insufficient knowledge as being at the root of the increasing HIV infections among youth. However, other studies have shown that there is adequate knowledge among the young people, but still a challenge remains and that is to facilitate changes in behavioural patterns as a component to be linked to the knowledge. Studies conducted in other African countries have shown that there are anti-AIDS programmes and clubs for learners in HEIs where learners are involved in the fight against HIV/AIDS. No publication indicating the same for Lesotho’s HEIs could be found, except for the National University of Lesotho (NUL) that only launched its HIV/AIDS policy for learners in 2009. The researcher is of the opinion that HEIs in Lesotho are not doing enough to combat HIV/AIDS and hence intends to focus on HEIs in Lesotho. This study had two objectives namely: To determine the knowledge of learners in a specific HEI in Lesotho regarding HIV/AIDS prevention and care. To explore the needs of learners in a specific HEI in Lesotho regarding HIV/AIDS prevention and care. This mixed method study was conducted, comprising of both quantitative and qualitative designs. Quantitative phase used a questionnaire for determining the knowledge of learners. The questionnaire was adopted from a study that was performed to determine knowledge of South African educators in public schools with some modifications. The qualitative phase was used to explore the needs of the learners through the focus group discussions with the leaders of the learners. Sample was drawn from the entire population using stratified random sampling for the quantitative phase. The qualitative phase used the purposive sampling to obtain in-depth information concerning learners’ needs. Quantitative data was analysed through the use of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) and qualitative data was analysed using the thematic analysis and open-coding. All ethical principles were adhered to especially the principle of respect for persons. The findings from the quantitative phase of the study showed that learners had adequate knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS prevention and care and the findings from the qualitative phase showed the various needs of the learners with regards to prevention and care of HIV/AIDS in a specific HEI in Lesotho. Recommendations have been proposed based on the findings from the two phases of the study. Limitations observed by the researcher have also been identified. In conclusion the objectives of the study were met and the research questions had been answered.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: MIV/Vigs word as ‘n internasionale probleem erken, siende dat daar ‘n verhoging in die toename van MIVgeïnfekteerde indiwidue tans is . Einde 2007 het MIV/Vigs het reeds 25 miljoen lewens ge-eis . In 2008 is 71% van al die nuwe MIV-infeksies in die Sub-Sahara streek gediagnoseer, wat aandui dat die streek die mees geaffekteerde streek tans is. UNAIDS (2008:43) het aangedui dat heteroseksuele omgang die hoofoorsaak van MIV-oordrag in die Sub-Sahara-streek is. Laasgenoemde het daartoe gelei dat die navorser van mening is dat voorkomende strategieë meestal op seksuele oordrag van die siekte moet fokus. MIV/Vigs affekteer meestal mense in die ouderdomsgroep 15-24, opmerklik is dit die ouderdomsgroep waarby meesste leerders in Hoëronderwysinstellings (HOI) is. Lesotho, ‘n land in die Sub-Sahara-streek, het tans die derde-hoogste MIV-voorkoms (23.2%) in die wêreld en in die streek. Lesotho het verskeie programme ontlont om MIV/Vigs te bekamp in ‘n poging om die huidige situasie te beredder . Nieteenstaande sluit al die programme leerders in HOI uit, alhoewel die leerders in die ouderdomsgroep van die mees-geaffekteerde groep val. Dit is ook duidelik dat Hoëronderwys die fondasie vir sosio-ekonomiese- en politieke ontwikkeling in Afrika verskaf. Sommige studies het onvoldoende kennis as die wortel van die verhoging van MIV-infeksies onder die jeug geïdentifiseer. Ander studies, daarenteen, wys dat kennis voldoende is onder jeug, alhoewel veranderinge in gedragspatrone om by die kennis aan te sluit ‘n uitdaging bly. Studies uit ander Afrikalande dui daarop dat daar anti-Vigs programme en klubs is waarby HO leerders betrokke is om teen die verspreiding van MIV/Vigs te veg. Geen publikasies in hierdie verband word in Lesotho aangetref nie, behalwe ‘n MIV/Vigs-beleid wat in 2009 deur “National University of Lesotho’ (NUL) gepubliseer is. Dus is die navorser van mening dat HOI nie genoeg doen om MIV/Vigs te beveg nie, daarom fokus sy op HOI in Lesotho. Hierdie studie het twee doelstellings ten doel gehad, naamlik om die leerders in ‘n sekere HOI in Lesotho se kennis aangaande MIV/Vigs voorkoming en sorg te bepaal en die behoeftes van die leerders aangaande MIV/Vigs voorkoming en sorg te verken. ‘n Studie met beide kwantitatiewe- en kwalitatiewe metodes is gebruik om die doelstellings te verwesenlik. In die kwantitatiewe fase is ‘n vraelys gebruik om leerders se kennis te bepaal. Die vraelys is verkry uit ‘n vorige studie wat in RSA gedoen is, maar aangepas om in die Lesotho-konteks te gebruik. Gedurende die kwalitatiewe fase is fokusgroep besprekings met die leiers van die leerders gehou om die behoeftes indiepte te verken. Die steekproef was uit die totale populasie getrek deur van gestratifiseerde streekproefneming gebruik te maak in die kwantitatiewe fase en ‘n doelgerigte steekproefneming is in die kwalitatiewe fase te gebruik. Die navorser het ‘n kwantitatiewe data-analise sagteware (SPSS)gebruik om kwantitatiewe data te ontleed en tematiese- oopkodering is gedurende die kwalitatiewe fase gebruik. Etiese kode is ten volle gerespekteer, veral die respek vir mense gedurende navorsing. Bevindinge van die kwantitatiewe fase het bewys dat leerders voldoende kennis aangaande die voorkoming en sorg van MIV/Vigs besit en die kwalitatiewe bevindinge het die behoeftes van leerders met betrekking tot die voorkoming en sorg van MIV/Vigs in ‘n spesifieke HOI in Lesotho geopenbaar. Die aanbevelings is gemaak, gebaseer op die bevindinge uit die twee fases. Beperkinge in die studie is uitgelig. Ter afsluiting is die doelstellings in die studie bereik en die navorsingsvrae beantwoord.
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Sekhibane, Veronica Mabohle. "The impact of HIV/AIDS among different organizations in Lesotho and how they respond to the challenge : a Lesotho study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50496.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University,2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of HIV/AIDS among different organizations in Lesotho and how they respond to the challenge; and to determine whether these organizations respond positively/effectively to the challenge of the pandemic in their respective organizations and whether they have developed workplace programmes and policies which address the issue, and if they do exist, whether they are effective. Lesotho is one of the countries in the world with a very severe HIV/AIDS infection rate. It is estimated that 28.9% of the entire population was living with HIV/AIDS as of December 2003 (UNAIDS, 2004). The increasing number of HIV/AIDS infectees in the country is affecting the entire labour force; therefore to effectively respond to the pandemic, the government of Lesotho and its development partners and civil society organizations are doing everything within their means to control it. Therefore, work place programmes that deal with HIV/AIDS on the work environment should be an answer to the social capital issue; the most valuable resource being human capital, since the programmes would promote prevention, information, education and training. It would also promote the rights of staff members and their dependants living with and/or affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The population where the investigation was done is made up of corporate places of work stratified into five types of organizations found in Maseru, the capital of Lesotho: o Non-governmental organizations o Private sector o Development partners ( Diplomatic Missions/Donors) o Parastatals o Government The results of the study indicated that the majority of these organizations have workplace programmes and policies which are effective and appreciated by the employees, while others are in the process of drawing up their policies or already have them in draft form. Despite all the efforts being put in place, the feeling among some of the organizations is that HIV infection in Africa will continue to increase because of the way it is being addressed; what they call ‘The Western way’. They feel that if it is addressed situationally, not academically, there will be a slight difference. For example, they claim that Africans do not feel comfortable about bringing their private behaviours in the open; for instance, speaking about sex and sexuality. The belief systems of the Basotho are also identified as great influencers in the pandemic. These include the culture/traditions, relations with the family and pressure from peers, people whom we trust and the fulfilment of women's sexual desires. The conclusion reached is that the different organizations in Lesotho address the challenge of HIV/AIDS positively and in others effectively, and with more effort the pandemic could be brought under control in the near future. The recommendation after viewing the findings, is that the issue of care and support, stigma and discrimination are still issues that need to be worked on, since employees are scared to know their status due to fear of being stigmatized. Therefore, the above cannot be addressed properly unless they are seen in practice.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is 'n ondersoek na die impak van MIV/Vigs op, en reaksie van verskillende ondernemings in Lesotho. Volgens beraming is die infeksiekoers van Lesotho 28.9% en is die invloed daarvan op die werkersmag beduidend; dit kan selfs katastofies raak indien dit nie doeltreffend aangespreek en bestuur word nie.. Data is versamel by by vyf kategorië van ondernemings in Maseru ten einde te verseker dat al die belangrikste sektore deur die studie betrek word.. Resultate toon aan dat die meeste ondernemings wel werksplekprogramme en MIV/Vigs-beleid in plek het. Die persepsie van werkers binne die ondernemings wat in die ondersoek gebruik is toon egter 'n negatiewe prognose ten opsigte van die doelteffende bestuur van die pandemie. Die gevoel is dat die benadering te reglynig en "Westers" is en dat die metafore en tradisies van Afrika meer effektief in voorkomingsprogramme sal wees. Voorstelle in hierdie verband word gemaak. Voorstelle vir meer doeltreffende voorkomingsprogramme word gemaak en voorstelle vir verdere studies in Lesotho word aan die hand gedoen.
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Ober, Allison J. "Understanding the relationship between perceived partner risk behaviors and unprotected sex among low-income, high-risk women." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1934943111&sid=16&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Win, Win Aye Suphot Dendoung. "Illness experience of HIV positive married women in Peri-Urban Yangon, Myanmar /." Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd388/4737923.pdf.
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Nkomo, Faith Dineo. "HIV testing barriers pregnant women - a case study /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09232008-150105.
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Malatji, Modjadji Linda. "The experiences of women living with HIV and AIDS in Mankweng area, Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/696.
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Thesis (M.A. (Social work)) --University of Limpopo, 2007The impact of AIDS has an overwhelming effect on women as they are unable to fulfill their multiple roles. For many women, a diagnosis of HIV/AIDS carries a profound physical, psychological and social burden. Gender inequities, poverty and a growing prevalence of HIV in developing countries have increased the vulnerability of women to HIV infection. Women’s lack of social and economic independence and their low status in their marital households also increase their vulnerability to HIV. They are susceptible to stigma and discrimination when they are identified as being HIV-positive. Negative social responses in these situations may result in them being rejected by their families and denied access to resources. A qualitative exploratory-descriptive study was conducted with fifty six women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA) in the Mankweng area and surrounding villages. Six focus groups interviews were conducted to elicit information about their experiences and perceptions on the way families, communities, health and social service professions treat them. A quantitative approach was also used to indicate the number of participants who shared similar views on a particular issue. The striking feature about the participants’ explanation of HIV and AIDS is that, they associated HIV/AIDS with makgoma (contaminations). The participants also reported that dealing with the consequences of the disease is a huge challenge. They also face challenges in managing their illness. Their problems are compounded by accusations from their partners, family members and the community who blame them for the infection. This creates stress for them that may be detrimental to their physical and emotional health. The participants freely expressed views on HIV/AIDS, aspects that are positive and unsupportive of people living with HIV/AIDS. They shared their physical, social, psychological, cultural and economical challenges. The findings also revealed that an overwhelming number (89%) of WLWHA are struggling with negotiating for condom use. Some of their partners are reluctant to use condoms thus, risking re-infection that is detrimental to their health. The participants’ plea is for the health and social service professionals to become sensitive and compassionate towards them.
Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC)
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Lennon, Carter Anne. "HIV/AIDS status in relation to psychological and physical outcomes : how stress and social support play a role among women of color /." Abstract Full Text (HTML) Full Text (PDF), 2009. http://eprints.ccsu.edu/archive/00000567/02/2007FT.htm.
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Thesis (M.A.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2009.Thesis advisor: Joanne diPlacido. "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Health Psychology." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-87). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Mundell, Jonathan Peter. "The impact of structured support groups for pregnant women living with HIV." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08042008-182140.
Full textBooks on the topic "AIDS (Disease) in women – Lesotho"
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Lesotho Federation of Women Lawyers. Legal and ethical issues raised by HIV and AIDS in Lesotho. Maseru, Lesotho: Federation of Women Lawyers Lesotho, 2012.
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Maw, Moe Aung. HIV/AIDS and STD situation in Lesotho. Maseru, Lesotho: STD/HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Programme, Disease Control and Environmental Health Division, Ministry of Health & Social Welfare, 2000.
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Segal, Marian. Women & aids. [Rockville, MD: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, 1995.
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Segal, Marian. Women & aids. [Rockville, MD: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, 1995.
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Segal, Marian. Women & aids. [Rockville, MD: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, 1995.
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Segal, Marian. Women & aids. [Rockville, MD: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, 1995.
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Segal, Marian. Women & aids. [Rockville, MD: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, 1995.
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(Organization), Family Health International. HIV/AIDS behavioral surveillance survey: Lesotho 2002 : summary technical report-- round 1. Maseru]: Family Health International, 2002.
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Letsie, Puleng. Bukana ea HIV/AIDS: Bakeng sa baetapele ba sechaba : Lesotho. Lesotho: Caesars Distributers, 2004.
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Haigney, J. Women and AIDS. 2nd ed. Huntington Station, NY: Long Island Association for AIDS Care, 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "AIDS (Disease) in women – Lesotho"
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Ferrigno, Lisa, and Jack A. DeHovitz. "HIV Disease in Women." In AIDS and Other Manifestations of HIV Infection, 371–87. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012764051-8/50016-0.
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"Epidemiology, Risk/Transmission, and Natural History of HIV Disease in Women and Children." In Women, Families and HIV/AIDS, 7–34. Cambridge University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511570988.003.
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Royles, Dan. "A Disease, Not a Lifestyle." In To Make the Wounded Whole, 17–46. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469661339.003.0002.
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This chapter describes the work of Blacks Educating Blacks about Sexual Health Issues (BEBASHI), one of the country’s first Black AIDS organizations, under the leadership of Rashidah Hassan, a Black Muslim nurse. Hassan confronted racism within existing AIDS agencies, which were predominantly made up of white gay men, and maintained that Black gay and bisexual men could be reached only by canvassing Black neighborhoods outside of the downtown core, which was home to the mostly white “gayborhood.” This approach, she argued, additionally would help prevent AIDS among the straight Black men, women, and youth who were also shown to be at increased risk of the disease. But this approach also drew accusations of homophobia and hurt the group’s credibility with the Black gay men who were among the most at risk.
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Mosha, Fausta. "Gender Differences in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Disease Progression and Treatment Outcomes." In AIDS Updates - Recent Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92898.
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Several interventions have been implemented for control and prevention of HIV, including provision of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). A major concern is how this investment can effectively reduce morbidity and mortality due to HIV given the existence of various factors that contribute to treatment failure. The purpose of this chapter is to elaborate the role of gender on HIV Disease progression and treatment outcomes. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, immunological, treatment information as well as blood from HIV infected patients were collected. Epidemiological analyses, using standard phylogenetic and statistical tests were done. A follow-up of patients who were initiated on ART for 1 year enabled description of the gender differences in HIV disease progression and treatment outcome. After 1 year of follow up on ART, more females survived, and more females had undetectable viral load compared to males. However, women lost their initial immunological advantage as they presented with lower immunological recovery after 1 year of therapy. Socio-demographic factors do have an impact on disease progression during ART in HIV-1 infected patients. We recommend that more cohorts of patients be continuously followed up to understand the differences on ART outcome between males and females.
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Cohen, Mary Ann, and Harold W. Goforth. "Strategies for Primary and Secondary Prevention of HIV Transmission." In Handbook of AIDS Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195372571.003.0009.
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Since HIV disease was first recognized three decades ago, numerous efforts have been made to prevent its continued transmission. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that more than 56,000 Americans become infected each year—one person every 9 1/2 minutes—and that more than one million people in this country are now living with HIV (CDC, 2008, 2009;Hall et al., 2008). The CDC estimates that roughly 1 in 5 people infected with HIV in the United States is unaware of his or her infection and may be unknowingly transmitting the virus to others (CDC, 2008). Over the past 15 years, many behavioral HIV risk reduction interventions have been developed, with prevention efforts targeting mostly HIV-negative individuals and focusing almost exclusively on HIV testing and counseling. More recently, comprehensive HIV prevention has involved both primary and secondary prevention activities to decrease the number of new HIV infections and associated complications, respectively (Marks et al., 2006; O’Leary and Wolitski, 2009). Psychiatric factors both complicate and perpetuate the HIV pandemic as a result of unsafe sexual practices and substance use disorders. In this chapter, we describe some of the psychiatric and psychodynamic factors that lead to HIV transmission and present novel strategies to assist clinicians and health-care policymakers in prevention efforts. Primary prevention is defined as any activity that reduces the burden of morbidity or mortality from disease; it is to be distinguished from secondary prevention, in which activities are designed to prevent the complications of already existing disease. In the case of HIV, primary prevention efforts focus on strategies designed to prevent the transmission of HIV—keeping seronegative people seronegative. In the HIV pandemic, however, many prevention strategies share characteristics of both primary and secondary efforts, so the distinction is somewhat artificial. Multiple prevention strategies have been devised, and these center around HIV counseling, substance abuse programs, and HIV prevention and intervention programs for children. Counseling healthy pregnant women, uninfected children, adolescents, adults, and older persons about HIV risk reduction and providing information about sexual health are important components to primary prevention strategies, but few physicians and other clinicians actually do this unless it is a part of a program specifically designed to prevent HIV transmission.
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Idowu, Peter Adebayo. "Online Spatial HIV/AIDS Surveillance and Monitoring System for Nigeria." In Biometrics, 448–79. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0983-7.ch019.
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HIV/AIDS has now become a big threat to the world generally, most especially the Sub-Saharan Africa region as it continues to increase drastically in the region. This disease has increased the poverty level of the countries in the region. In Nigeria, millions of people infected with this deadly disease are in their productive years between 15 and 49. This surge is having a negative effect on Nigeria and other Sub-Saharan Africa countries as it lowers life expectancy, slows population growth and social and economic effect on the country. Presently, health officers in Nigeria primarily rely on monitoring HIV/AIDS prevalence only among women attending antenatal clinics as that is the only source of getting data from HIV/AIDS patients. In the country, there is no electronic HIV/AIDS database, no electronic means of capturing HIV/AIDS data and no electronic monitoring of HIV/AIDS patients. This chapter presents a prototypical HIV/AIDS surveillance and monitoring system and the prototype was developed using Dreamweaver, PHP and MySQL. With this system, users could spatially query the pattern and distribution of any HIV/AIDS disease using any known location. Also, queries based on occupation, level of education, and gender among other things are possible with this system. Though the system was developed for Nigeria, it can also be extended to other countries within Sub-Saharan Africa region.
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Idowu, Peter Adebayo. "Online Spatial HIV/AIDS Surveillance and Monitoring System for Nigeria." In Improving Health Management through Clinical Decision Support Systems, 28–58. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9432-3.ch002.
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HIV/AIDS has now become a big threat to the world generally, most especially the Sub-Saharan Africa region as it continues to increase drastically in the region. This disease has increased the poverty level of the countries in the region. In Nigeria, millions of people infected with this deadly disease are in their productive years between 15 and 49. This surge is having a negative effect on Nigeria and other Sub-Saharan Africa countries as it lowers life expectancy, slows population growth and social and economic effect on the country. Presently, health officers in Nigeria primarily rely on monitoring HIV/AIDS prevalence only among women attending antenatal clinics as that is the only source of getting data from HIV/AIDS patients. In the country, there is no electronic HIV/AIDS database, no electronic means of capturing HIV/AIDS data and no electronic monitoring of HIV/AIDS patients. This chapter presents a prototypical HIV/AIDS surveillance and monitoring system and the prototype was developed using Dreamweaver, PHP and MySQL. With this system, users could spatially query the pattern and distribution of any HIV/AIDS disease using any known location. Also, queries based on occupation, level of education, and gender among other things are possible with this system. Though the system was developed for Nigeria, it can also be extended to other countries within Sub-Saharan Africa region.
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Lombardi, Emilia, and Talia Mae Bettcher. "Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender/Transsexual People." In Social Injustice and Public Health, 139–54. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190914653.003.0007.
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This chapter describes social injustice experienced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender/transsexual (LGBT) individuals. It addresses stigma-based violence, HIV/AIDS, and issues related to mental health as well as to alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. It describes the increased risk that LGBT men and women face for cardiovascular disease and cancer. In addition, the chapter addresses the underlying factors and roots of this social injustice. The chapter addresses what needs to be done, including changes to legislative and other policies, an expanded role for healthcare facilities and organizations, and ongoing research. The authors stress the need for a change in the social environment that creates social injustice against LGBT people—a change that can only be brought about through education and by addressing multiple forms of social injustice.
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Dakshina, Subathira, and Palwasha Khan. "Therapeutic Options for HIV Infection." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0068.
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Treatment of HIV infection has seen dramatic developments since the start of the epidemic over thirty-five years ago. Since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV infection has gone from being a terminal illness with the inevitable development of AIDS to a now-treatable chronic condition with infected individuals living a ‘normal’ and healthy lifestyle when tested early and engaged in care. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has become simpler with minimal pill burden and fewer side effects. In the UK ART can only be prescribed by a HIV specialist ensuring the patient is engaged in care and under regular monitoring and follow up. HIV infection affects the immune system through depletion of CD4 T-lymphocytes. There are several goals and aims of treating HIV infection. The main function of ART is to prevent HIV viral replication, which in turn reduces viral load (VL) and depletion of CD4 cells thereby preventing the development of AIDS and eventual mortality. HIV infection induces a pro-inflammatory state, which is associated with several conditions especially in late presenters. Common conditions include cardiovascular disease including cardiomyopathy, increased risk of venous thromboembolism due to a hypercoagulable state, HIV-associated nephropathy, disorders of the central nervous system, bone disorders, various dermatological conditions, and acceleration of ageing. Timely initiation of ART can help reduce and reverse such conditions. Studies demonstrate early initiation of ART and maintaining a suppressed VL minimizes the risk of onward sexual transmission of HIV. Though barrier protection is always advised in serodiscordant couples, recent studies support the reduced risk of transmission in virologically suppressed serodiscordant sexual couples, which has led to changes in post-and pre-exposure prophylaxis guidelines and enabling serodiscordant couples to conceive naturally. All HIV positive women should be initiated on ART and virologically suppressed ideally prior to conception. It is now routine practice in the UK and many parts of the world to perform HIV testing during pregnancy. If tested positive during pregnancy ART should be initiated and, depending on the stage of pregnancy and the VL, a Caesarean section may be necessary and the neonate may require prophylactic ART.
Conference papers on the topic "AIDS (Disease) in women – Lesotho"
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Desmyter, J. "AIDS 1987." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644751.
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AIDS virus (HIV) transmission by transfusions and blood products has been essentially halted in industrialized countries which haye introduced systematic anti-HIV screening of donations in 1985. New anti-HIV screening assays, based in part on the replacement of disrupted HIV virions by defined DNA recombinant HIV antigens, have improved specificity; sensitivity has been improved as to dectect seroconversion at an earlier stage. Confirmatory assays and (self-)exclusion of risk groups from blood donation do remain mandatory. HIVAg can be detected in some infections before antibody conversion, and HIVAg is more likely to be found in those anti-HIV positives who proceed to disease. However, there is no justification so far for routine parallel HIVAg and anti-HIV screening. There is continued uncertainty how many HIV carriers have not (yet) developed antibody, but their numbers may have been overestimated. Studies to determine how many HIV transmitters have escaped blood bank detection, and why, need to be undertaken in spite of formidable logistic difficulties.The risk of developing AIDS is now estimated at 25-50 % within 10 years after the infectious contact. It is not clear whether the risk should be estimated differently in different groups or persons. In cities in Central Africa, 5-20 % of men and women are confirmed anti-HIV positives. At least 75 % of this HIV carrier rate is due to heterosexual transmission. Heterosexual transmission has been slower in Western countries, but factors precluding slow evolution to high figures by the same route outside Africa have not been identified. Therefore, countries have no choice in advocating behaviour changes in the general population, and not only in the classical risk groups. Initial hesitations toward extended voluntary and confidential screening are dwindling. Well-conceived confidential screening may be the only way to avoid strong-armed government intervention. The latter is certain to be divisive, and is likely to be counterproductive on balance.An efficacious vaccine remains remote, but an antiviral which prolongs life by at least several months in AIDS patients, but not all of them, is now available. Zidovudine (AZT), however, is toxic and mere prolongation of life without cure will impose an additional burden on AIDS economics.A novel virus (HIV-2) has been identified and is already widespread in West-Africans. It causes AIDS, but the present ratio of AIDS cases in those infected seems lower than with HIV(-l); this feature may be transient. HIV-2 antibodies are either detected or missed by anti-HIV-1 screens; if found, they can be distinguished from anti-HIV-1 only by special confirmatory technique. New screening assays showing equal sensitivity for HIV-1 and HIV-2 in a single test should be devised. At present, HIV-2 is very rare in Western countries compared to HIV-1.
Reports on the topic "AIDS (Disease) in women – Lesotho"
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Child marriage briefing: Zambia. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy19.1005.
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This brief provides an overview of child marriage as well as the particulars of child marriage in Zambia. This landlocked southern African nation is home to 10.9 million people, with 47 percent of its population under age 15. Zambia is one of the poorest countries in the world; nearly two out of three Zambians live on less than US$1 a day. The country’s economic growth was hindered by declining copper prices and a prolonged drought in the 1980s and 1990s. More recently, the AIDS epidemic has taken a devastating toll: 920,000 adults and children are living with HIV/AIDS, and 630,000 children have been orphaned because of the disease. Child marriage is widespread in Zambia, even though the legal age of marriage is 21 for both males and females. Customary law and practice discriminate against girls and women with respect to inheritance, property, and divorce rights. Domestic violence is a serious problem, with over half of married girls reporting ever experiencing physical violence and more than a third reporting abuse in the past year. Included in this brief are recommendations to promote later, chosen, and legal marriage.