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Journal articles on the topic 'AIDS (Disease), Risk factors. Namibia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Ockenga, Johann. "The puzzle of genes and environmental risk factors for disease susceptibility." AIDS 18, no. 11 (2004): 1591–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aids.0000131351.29655.84.

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2

Monforte, A. d., F. Mainini, L. Vago, et al. "Factors Associated with Increased Risk of Acquiring Cytomegalovirus Disease in AIDS Patients." Journal of Infectious Diseases 168, no. 4 (1993): 1071–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/168.4.1071.

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3

Ashipala, Emilia Shiwa, and Linda Ndeshipandula Lukolo. "An Investigation of Hypertension Risk Factors among Adults in Oshikoto Region in Namibia." Global Journal of Health Science 13, no. 7 (2021): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v13n7p115.

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INTRODUCTION: Hypertension complications are responsible for 9.4 million deaths worldwide and among these deaths, 51 % are due to stroke and 45% are due to heart disease like heart failure. This study aims to investigate the hypertension risk factors among adult in Oshikoto region, Namibia. 
 
 METHODS: A community population-based, cross- sectional survey was conducted using WHO STEPwise approach among 375 adults in Oshikoto region. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was done to determine the association between risk factors and Hypertension, based on p-value <0.05. 
 &
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4

McNair, Lily D., and Cynthia M. Prather. "African American Women and AIDS: Factors Influencing Risk and Reaction to HIV Disease." Journal of Black Psychology 30, no. 1 (2004): 106–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095798403261414.

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Pinehas, Lusia N., and Selma Ingandipewa Uushona. "An assessment of knowledge and factors that exposed young female student nurses to hiv infection at the university of Namibia, oshakati campus." International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies 5, no. 2 (2016): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijans.v5i2.5925.

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Background: This study presents an assessment of knowledge and an investigation of specific factors that expose young female student nurses to HIV and AIDS at university of Namibia, Oshakati Campus. The concern over to what young female student nurses are able to control various issues of their sexual lives is critical question for health promotion and the prevention of further HIV infection. Student nurses are believed to have adequate information about HIV and AIDS compared to other young people in the communities.Aim: To assess HIV and AIDS knowledge levels and investigates factors that mak
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Guariguata, Leonor, Ingrid de Beer, Rina Hough, Pancho Mulongeni, Frank G. Feeley, and Tobias F. Rinke de Wit. "Prevalence and Knowledge Assessment of HIV and Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors among Formal Sector Employees in Namibia." PLOS ONE 10, no. 7 (2015): e0131737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131737.

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SILVEIRA, MARIÂNGELA F., JORGE U. BÉRIA, BERNARDO L. HORTA, ELAINE TOMASI, and CESAR G. VICTORA. "Factors Associated With Risk Behaviors for Sexually Transmitted Disease/AIDS Among Urban Brazilian Women." Sexually Transmitted Diseases 29, no. 9 (2002): 536–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007435-200209000-00008.

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8

Edwards, Nancy J., Marie F. Grill, H. Alex Choi, and Nerissa U. Ko. "Frequency and Risk Factors for Cerebral Arterial Disease in a HIV/AIDS Neuroimaging Cohort." Cerebrovascular Diseases 41, no. 3-4 (2016): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000442755.

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Background: Infection with HIV predisposes patients to a myriad of neurologic disorders, including cerebrovascular disease. The pathophysiology is likely multifactorial, with proposed mechanisms including infectious vasculitis, HIV-induced endothelial dysfunction and adverse effects of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Epidemiologic data on clinically evident cerebral vasculopathy in HIV-infected adults is scarce, even though stroke hospitalizations are rising in this patient population. Methods: A total of 6,298 HIV-infected adults (San Francisco General Hospital, 2000-2013) were scr
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Nakakuwa, Filippine Nekulu, Kabwebwe Honore Mitonga, Josephine De Villiers, and Scholastika Iipinge. "An analysis about knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices of HIV and AIDS among the Himba people of the Kunene region, Namibia." International Journal of Medicine 5, no. 1 (2017): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v5i1.7349.

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Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, practices and risk perceptions with regard to HIV/AIDS among the Himba people from the Kunene region; and to identify its determinant factors.Design: The research study was quantitative. That is, cross sectional, descriptive and analytical. A total of 290 respondents were posed a number of multiple-choice questions about specific areas: HIV modes of transmission, knowledge on prevention measures, wrong conceptions of HIV/AIDS, beliefs, attitudes and practices.Results: In this study, the mean overall score of knowledge of HIV/AIDS and i
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Smith, Jennifer L., Davis Mumbengegwi, Erastus Haindongo, et al. "Malaria risk factors in northern Namibia: The importance of occupation, age and mobility in characterizing high-risk populations." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (2021): e0252690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252690.

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In areas of low and unstable transmission, malaria cases occur in populations with lower access to malaria services and interventions, and in groups with specific malaria risk exposures often away from the household. In support of the Namibian National Vector Borne Disease Program’s drive to better target interventions based upon risk, we implemented a health facility-based case control study aimed to identify risk factors for symptomatic malaria in Zambezi Region, northern Namibia. A total of 770 febrile individuals reporting to 6 health facilities and testing positive by rapid diagnostic tes
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Sarıgül, Figen, and Mustafa Deniz. "Prevalence and Related Risk Factors of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease In HIV/AIDS Patients." Klimik Dergisi/Klimik Journal 34, no. 1 (2021): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36519/kd.2021.09.

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Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of fatty liver without inflammatory infiltration, excessive alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis, and other liver diseases. NAFLD is a major health problem as it can lead to cirrhosis, liver cancer and mortality. In HIV-positive patients, the prevalence of NAFLD ranges from 28 to 48%. Currently, there is no information about the prevalence and related factors related to NAFLD in those with HIV infection in our country. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of NAFLD and the related factors in newly dia
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Barry, Pennan M., Nicola Zetola, Jeanne C. Keruly, Richard D. Moore, Kelly A. Gebo, and Gregory M. Lucas. "Invasive pneumococcal disease in a cohort of HIV-infected adults: incidence and risk factors, 1990–2003." AIDS 20, no. 3 (2006): 437–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aids.0000206507.54901.84.

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13

Dunaiski and Denning. "Estimated Burden of Fungal Infections in Namibia." Journal of Fungi 5, no. 3 (2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof5030075.

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Namibia is a sub-Saharan country with one of the highest HIV infection rates in the world. Although care and support services are available that cater for opportunistic infections related to HIV, the main focus is narrow and predominantly aimed at tuberculosis. We aimed to estimate the burden of serious fungal infections in Namibia, currently unknown, based on the size of the population at risk and available epidemiological data. Data were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), and published reports. When no data existed, risk po
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14

Nsagha, Dickson Shey, Jules Clement Nguedia Assob, Anna Longdoh Njunda, et al. "Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases in HIV/AIDS Patients on HAART." Open AIDS Journal 9, no. 1 (2015): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874613601509010051.

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Background :The introduction and widespread use of combination antiretroviral therapy referred to as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the mid 1990’s, has led HIV-infected individuals to experience a dramatic decline in immunodeficiency-related events and death. There is growing concern on metabolic complications associated with HIV and HAART which may increase cardiovascular risk and disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiovascular risk profile of HIV/AIDS patients receiving HAART and those not receiving HAART at HIV/AIDS treatment centres in the South West R
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Jereen, Amyeo A., Celia Kucera, Saniya Pervin, et al. "945. Prevalence of HIV Associated Non-AIDS Conditions and Associated Risk Factors among Hospitalized HIV-infected Patients in India." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (2020): S504—S505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1131.

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Abstract Background HIV-associated non-AIDS (HANA) conditions are becoming common as People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLWHIV) age. However, data estimating the prevalence of HANA conditions and associated risk factors is lacking in developing countries. This study evaluates reasons for hospitalizations among PLWHIV in Udupi, India in the antiretroviral era, and describes associated risk factors. Methods Demographic and clinical data were extracted from medical charts of 1280 HIV-infected patients 18 years and older who were admitted to Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, India between
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Wright, Caradee Y., D. Jean du Preez, Danielle A. Millar, and Mary Norval. "The Epidemiology of Skin Cancer and Public Health Strategies for Its Prevention in Southern Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3 (2020): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17031017.

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Skin cancer is a non-communicable disease that has been underexplored in Africa, including Southern Africa. Exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is an important, potentially modifiable risk factor for skin cancer. The countries which comprise Southern Africa are Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, and Swaziland. They differ in population size and composition and experience different levels of solar UVR. Here, the epidemiology and prevalence of skin cancer in Southern African countries are outlined. Information is provided on skin cancer prevention campaigns in these countries, a
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Suarnianti, Tri Martiana, and Yusran Haskas. "Analyzing the effect of organizational factors on reducing the disease transmission risk in nurses using an AIDS risk reduction model." Journal of Global Infectious Diseases 11, no. 3 (2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_128_18.

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18

Maano, Nghitanwa Emma, Haitembu Teopolina, and Hatupopi Saara Kerthu. "Awareness and perception of women of reproductive age (15-49) regarding breast cancer at Okuryangava clinic, Namibia." Clinical Nursing Studies 8, no. 1 (2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/cns.v8n1p9.

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Globally cancer of the breast is a challenge, and in Namibia it ranks the third common type of cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness and perception of women of reproductive age (15-49) regarding breast cancer at Okuryangava clinic. Ethical clearance for the study was obtained from the Ministry of Health and Social Services of Namibia and the University of Namibia research ethical committee. Qualitative and exploratory study design was conducted. After obtained the written consent from participants, data were collected among 10 women with interview guide through face to
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19

van Wijk, Jeroen P. H., and Manuel Castro Cabezas. "Hypertriglyceridemia, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiovascular Disease in HIV-Infected Patients: Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy and Adipose Tissue Distribution." International Journal of Vascular Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/201027.

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The use of combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) in HIV-infected patients has resulted in a dramatic decline in AIDS-related mortality. However, mortality due to non-AIDS conditions, particularly cardiovascular disease (CVD) seems to increase in this population. CART has been associated with several metabolic risk factors, including insulin resistance, low HDL-cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia and postprandial hyperlipidemia. In addition, HIV itself, as well as specific antiretroviral agents, may further increase cardiovascular risk by interfering with endothelial function. As the HIV popu
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Chen, Yahong, Jinjin Yuan, Xianlin Han, Xiaolong Liu, Xiao Han, and Hanhui Ye. "Coexpression Analysis of Transcriptome on AIDS and Other Human Disease Pathways by Canonical Correlation Analysis." International Journal of Genomics 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9163719.

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Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is a severe disease in humans caused by human immunodeficiency virus. Several human genes were characterized as host genetic factors that impact the processes of AIDS disease. Recent studies on AIDS patients revealed a series disease is complicating with AIDS. To resolve gene interaction between AIDS and complicating diseases, a canonical correlation analysis was used to identify the global correlation between AIDS and other disease pathway genes expression. The results showed that HLA-B, HLA-A, MH9, ZNED1, IRF1, TLR8, TSG101, NCOR2, and GML are the key AIDS
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Yazdizadeh, Vahideh, Ziba Taghizadeh, Maryam Farmahini Farahani, Mehrandokht Nekavand, and Zeinab Abbasi. "Is AIDS related to social determinants of health in Iran? A systematic review." Immunopathologia Persa 6, no. 1 (2020): e13-e13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ipp.2020.13.

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Introduction: AIDS is a global challenge. By looking deeper into the nature of AIDS and its transmission, it can be concluded that AIDS is a social phenomenon rather than a completely biological disease and the results of studies show a significant relationship between the risk of HIV infection and some underlying factors such as demographic, social, economic and cultural factors. Today, these structural and social factors are known as social determinants of health (SDH). The current systematic study aimed to identify SDH related to AIDS in Iran, in order to adopt appropriate strategies to pre
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Stuart, Rhonda L., Margaret E. Hellard, Damien Jolley, et al. "Cryptosporidiosis in patients with AIDS." International Journal of STD & AIDS 8, no. 5 (1997): 339–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462971920064.

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Cases of cryptosporidiosis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) residing in Melbourne over a 6-year period (1990-1995) are described. During this period 85 cases occurred, while 979 new AIDS diagnoses were notified. Over this period temporal clustering in cryptosporidial detection was evident ( P =0.007), but the pattern was not statistically associated with the season, rainfall ( P =0.88), mean average maximal temperature ( P =0.15) or mean average minimal temperature. Further studies should identify these risk factors and provide an opportunity to prevent this devas
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MENCARINI, J., C. CRESCI, M. T. SIMONETTI, et al. "Non-tuberculous mycobacteria: epidemiological pattern in a reference laboratory and risk factors associated with pulmonary disease." Epidemiology and Infection 145, no. 3 (2016): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268816002521.

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SUMMARYThe diseases caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), in both AIDS and non-AIDS populations, are increasingly recognized worldwide. Although the American Thoracic Society published the guidelines for diagnosis of NTM pulmonary disease (NTM-PD), the diagnosis is still difficult. In the first part of the study, we collected data on NTM isolates in the Mycobacteriology Laboratory of Careggi Hospital (Florence, Italy) and analysed the epidemiological data of NTM isolates. Then, to analyse the risk factors associated to NTM-PD, we studied the presence of ATS/IDSA criteria for NTM-PD in
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Thornton, S., M. Troop, A. P. Burgess, et al. "The relationship of psychological variables and disease progression among long-term HIV-infected men." International Journal of STD & AIDS 11, no. 11 (2000): 734–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462001915165.

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This study investigated the contribution of psychological factors to disease progression among long-term HIV-1 infected gay men. Participants completed self-report measures including coping strategies, life events, social support, personality and psychological morbidity and were followed clinically for up to 30 months. Cox proportional hazards survival analyses were carried out to CD4 < 200 × 106/l and AIDS-related complex (ARC) or AIDS diagnosis controlling for viral load, antiretroviral drug use and CD4 count. Only acceptance coping was a significant predictor of time to ARC or AIDS diagn
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Fadaee, Manouchehr, Jalil Rashedi, Sepideh Arabi, et al. "Stopping of the Downtrend of Tuberculosis in Iran, a Systematic Review of Associated Risk Factors." Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets 20, no. 3 (2020): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871526519666181228162837.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem in developing countries. In recent decades, the incidence of the disease has been gradually reducing in Iran. However, the reducing incidence of the disease has stopped in the country during recent years. It could be due to an increase in immigration, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and the prevalence of drug-resistant strains. In order to prevent the spread of TB cases and control this disease, it is essential to identify the predisposing factors, which may be related to bacteria, host and environment. The objective of the present systematic review was to inve
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Mulenga, Maureen Makayi, and Liza Marie Conyers. "A Rehabilitation Perspective on HIV Disease and AIDS Among Minority Women." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 34, no. 3 (2003): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.34.3.33.

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Women with HIV/AIOS have specific needs that require specialized approaches to address the effects of this disease on them. Minority women with HIV/AIOS, however, have to deal with the triple challenge of race, class, and gender in addition to HIV/AIOS. The paper examines two groups of minority women, African American and Hispanic women, and discusses factors that place these women at high risk for HIV/AIOS. The interaction of race, class, and gender, and how it relates to the prevalence of high rates of HIV/AIOS in minority women is explored. Medical, economic and vocational issues of minorit
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Lake-Bakaar, Gerond, and Roger Grimson. "Alcohol Abuse and Stage of HIV Disease in Intravenous Drug Abusers." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 89, no. 7 (1996): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107689608900709.

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Our objective was to identify factors that might correlate with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease stage in intravenous drug abusers (IVDA). Particular attention was given to alcohol abuse. We accordingly explored in a cross-sectional study the relation between stage of HIV disease and age, sex, needle sharing, ethnicity, self-reported history of alcohol consumption and CAGE scores. IVDA from a single municipal hospital were subdivided into three groups according to HIV disease status. Group 1 comprised 42 individuals with AIDS; group 2 comprised 114 who were HIV positive but without A
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Susilawati, Yayuk, Nasronudin Nasronudin, and Atika Atika. "Description Analysis of Human Behavior that Causes the Emergence of HIV/AIDS Infectious Diseases in Surabaya." Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease 1, no. 2 (2010): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v1i2.2174.

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HIV virus is transmitted to other individuals particularly through sexual contact with infected individuals, narcotic abuse using shared infected needle, maternal-fetal transmission in perinatal period, either during pregnancy, labor, and breastfeeding, or through infected blood donor. The diagnosis of HIV/AIDS infection is established using laboratory examination with the indication of clinical symptoms or high risk behavior. This descriptive study was intended to describe human behaviors that cause the occurrence of HIV/AIDS in Surabaya. To find the description of the disease, the percentage
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Sullivan, Patrick S., Debra L. Hanson, Susan Y. Chu, Jeffrey L. Jones, John W. Ward, and the Adult/Adolescent Spectrum of Disease Group. "Epidemiology of Anemia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Persons: Results From the Multistate Adult and Adolescent Spectrum of HIV Disease Surveillance Project." Blood 91, no. 1 (1998): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v91.1.301.

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Abstract To study the incidence of, the factors associated with, and the effect on survival of anemia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons, we analyzed data from the longitudinal medical record reviews of 32,867 HIV-infected persons who received medical care from January 1990 through August 1996 in clinics, hospitals, and private medical practices in nine United States cities. We calculated the 1-year incidence of anemia (a hemoglobin level of <10 g/dL or a physician diagnosis of anemia); the adjusted odds ratios showing excess risk of anemia associated with demographic fa
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Sullivan, Patrick S., Debra L. Hanson, Susan Y. Chu, Jeffrey L. Jones, John W. Ward, and the Adult/Adolescent Spectrum of Disease Group. "Epidemiology of Anemia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Persons: Results From the Multistate Adult and Adolescent Spectrum of HIV Disease Surveillance Project." Blood 91, no. 1 (1998): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v91.1.301.301_301_308.

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To study the incidence of, the factors associated with, and the effect on survival of anemia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons, we analyzed data from the longitudinal medical record reviews of 32,867 HIV-infected persons who received medical care from January 1990 through August 1996 in clinics, hospitals, and private medical practices in nine United States cities. We calculated the 1-year incidence of anemia (a hemoglobin level of <10 g/dL or a physician diagnosis of anemia); the adjusted odds ratios showing excess risk of anemia associated with demographic factors, pr
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Ximenes, Ricardo AA, Heloisa R. Lacerda, Democrito B. Miranda-Filho, et al. "Comparison between potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV/AIDS in areas of Brazil." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 9, no. 09 (2015): 988–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.5867.

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Introduction: Coronary heart disease and its risk factors depend on genetic characteristics, behaviors, and habits, all of which vary in different regions. The use of antiretroviral therapy (ARV) has increased the survival of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), who begin to present mortality indicators similar to the general population. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of factors potentially associated with coronary heart disease in three cohorts of PLWHA from three different regions of Brazil. Methodology: The study population was composed of participants of the cohorts of Pernambu
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Amin Al Olama, Ali, James M. S. Wason, Anil M. Tuladhar, et al. "Simple MRI score aids prediction of dementia in cerebral small vessel disease." Neurology 94, no. 12 (2020): e1294-e1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000009141.

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ObjectiveTo determine whether a simple small vessel disease (SVD) score, which uses information available on rapid visual assessment of clinical MRI scans, predicts risk of cognitive decline and dementia, above that provided by simple clinical measures.MethodsThree prospective longitudinal cohort studies (SCANS [St George's Cognition and Neuroimaging in Stroke], RUN DMC [Radboud University Nijmegen Diffusion Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cohort], and the ASPS [Austrian Stroke Prevention Study]), which covered a range of SVD severity from mild and asymptomatic to severe and symptomatic
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Sanyaolu, Adekunle, Chuku Okorie, Anjali Kumar, et al. "Current trends of HIV/AIDS in Asia." South East Asia Journal of Public Health 7, no. 2 (2018): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v7i2.38850.

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It is very important to recognize the trends in HIV/AIDS in specific areas such as Asia because it is vital to understanding the effectiveness of current approaches towards diagnosis and treatment. It is also very important to understand the risk factors that greatly predispose people in Asia to contracting HIV/AIDS such as lifestyle, culture, and religion. This review extensively analyzes the current trends of HIV/AIDS in India, China, Thailand, Cambodia and Indonesia. Additionally, cultural diversity carries certain social and religious stigmas associated with the disease. These social stigm
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Ikem, Ifechukwude, and Bauer E. Sumpio. "Cardiovascular disease: the new epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa." Vascular 19, no. 6 (2011): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/vasc.2011.ra0049.

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Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is now facing a double burden of disease where patients are suffering from non-communicable diseases such as coronary heart disease, along with the burden of the current human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. Due to this double burden, cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and treatment has been overlooked, allowing the rates to continue to rise unchecked. A series of searches were conducted using PubMed as the primary database. From these searches, journal articles were compiled that related to diabetes, obesity and smoking rates in SSA. Also, the prevalence o
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Longo-Mbenza, Benjamin, Murielle Longokolo Mashi, Michel Lelo Tshikwela, et al. "Relationship between Younger Age, Autoimmunity, Cardiometabolic Risk, Oxidative Stress, HAART, and Ischemic Stroke in Africans with HIV/AIDS." ISRN Cardiology 2011 (May 23, 2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/897908.

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Background and Purpose. It now appears clear that both HIV/AIDS and antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use are associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease such as stroke. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence, the risk factors, and the cardiometabolic comorbidities of stroke in HIV/AIDS Central African patients. Methods. This hospital-based cross-sectional study collected clinical, laboratory, and imaging data of black Central African heterosexual, intravenous drug nonuser, and HIV/AIDS patients. Results. There were 54 men and 62 women, with a female to male ratio of 1.2 : 1. All we
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Nyirenda, Christopher K., Edmond K. Kabagambe, John R. Koethe, et al. "Plasma Fatty Acids in Zambian Adults with HIV/AIDS: Relation to Dietary Intake and Cardiovascular Risk Factors." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/635817.

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Objective. To determine whether 24 hr dietary recalls (DR) are a good measure of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake when compared to plasma levels, and whether plasma PUFA is associated with markers of HIV/AIDS progression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.Methods. In a cross-sectional study among 210 antiretroviral therapy-naïve HIV-infected adults from Lusaka, Zambia, we collected data on medical history and dietary intake using 24 hr DR. We measured fatty acids and markers of AIDS progression and CVD risk in fasting plasma collected at baseline.Results. PUFA intakes showed modest
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Singer, Merrill, Candida Flores, Lani Davison, and William Gonzales. "Reaching Minority Women: AIDS Prevention for Latinas." Practicing Anthropology 15, no. 4 (1993): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.15.4.c54j55g1l1818621.

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Minority women are dramatically over represented among female HIV disease patients. They also are more likely to be single heads of household, have less access to basic support and survival resources, and are subject to ethnic/racial discrimination across health and social institutions. They are in worse health generally than are other women and have higher rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) that are co-factors for AIDS. They are more likely to engage in poverty-driven AIDS risk behaviors and are less likely to be reached by mainstream AIDS prevention education programs. Hence, the
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Mahmudah, Nur, and Sukono Sukono. "BAYESIAN REGRESI SURVIVAL PADA PROSES KEJADIAN HIV/AIDS DI JAWA TIMUR." Jurnal Matematika Sains dan Teknologi 21, no. 2 (2020): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33830/jmst.v21i2.1427.2020.

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Survival analysis is a statistical procedure that describes a mathematical model that is often applied in various studies, especially in health. One application of survival analysis is to determine the rate of survival and the factors affecting HIV / AIDS sufferers in East Java. HIV / AIDS is a virus that attacks or infects white blood cells, causing a decrease in immune cells. This disease causes a decrease in productivity in the health and economic sectors of a country. Even if the disease continues to increase, the weak economic development will decrease due to the treatment of HIV/AIDS and
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39

Levy, LA. "Epidemiology of onychomycosis in special-risk populations." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 87, no. 12 (1997): 546–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-87-12-546.

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A person's susceptibility to onychomycosis and the course of the disease once the nails are infected are functions of the interaction of the fungal agent, the host, and environmental factors. The disease is reported to have an overall prevalence of 2% to 13%, but the prevalence is much higher in certain populations, such as older people and those with immunosuppressive conditions. Although onychomycosis may be merely a nuisance and an embarrassment for healthy individuals, some morbidity is seen with all population groups, but especially high-risk patients: diabetics, patients infected with hu
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40

López-Pedrera, Chary, Carlos Pérez-Sánchez, Manuel Ramos-Casals, Monica Santos-Gonzalez, Antonio Rodriguez-Ariza, and Ma José Cuadrado. "Cardiovascular Risk in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: Epigenetic Mechanisms of Immune Regulatory Functions." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/974648.

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Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) have been associated with accelerated atherosclerosis (AT) leading to increased cardio- and cerebrovascular disease risk. Traditional risk factors, as well as systemic inflammation mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, proteases, autoantibodies, adhesion receptors, and others, have been implicated in the development of these vascular pathologies. Yet, the characteristics of vasculopathies may significantly differ depending on the underlying disease. In recent years, many new genes and signalling pathways involved in autoimmunity with often overlapping patterns
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41

Mesquita da Costa, Maurimélia, Francisco Martins Teixeira, Taysa Ribeiro Schalcher, Mioni Thielli Figueiredo Magalhães de Brito, Erika Silva Valerio, and Marta Chagas Monteiro. "Cryptococcosis, A Risk for Immunocompromised and Immunocompetent Individuals." Open Epidemiology Journal 6, no. 1 (2013): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874297101306010009.

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The genus Cryptococcus includes at least 37 different species, of which, two are important human pathogens: Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. These fungi are opportunistic pathogens and etiologic agents of cryptococcosis disease in humans and animals. A variety of virulence factors interfere with the establishment of cryptococcal infection is usually acquired via inhalation of environmental basidiospores or desiccated yeasts. Cryptococcosis has gained medical importance over the last decade due to the AIDS pandemic, and become an emerging pathogen of immunocompetent individuals,
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42

Amiri, Fatemeh, Ghodrat Roshanaei, Meysam Olfati Far, Rasoul Najafi, and Jalal Poorolajal. "Survival Analysis of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Iranian Patients: A Multistate Model." Journal of Arak University Medical Sciences 24, no. 2 (2021): 180–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jams.24.2.5530.2.

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Background and Aim: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), is a chronic and potentially life-threatening disease. Numerous factors affect its development and progression. Therefore, the present study attempted to identify characteristics impacting the prognosis and progression of AIDS using multistate models. Methods & Materials: The present retrospective study consisted of 2185 patients affected with HIV referring to Behavioral Disease Counseling Centers in Tehran City, Iran, from 2004 to 2013. We considered multiple states of AIDS, tubercu
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43

Shcherbo, S. N., D. S. Shcherbo, A. L. Tishchenko, M. I. Savina, and T. I. Turkina. "Genetic predisposition and resistance to certain infectious diseases. I. AIDS." Medical alphabet 3, no. 22 (2019): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2019-3-22(397)-6-10.

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The review addresses issues related to genetic predisposition and resistance to infectious diseases. Genetic factors largely determine the susceptibility of the body to various diseases, including infectious ones. A genetic predisposition to tuberculosis, salmonellosis, viral hepatitis, tick-borne encephalitis, Lyme disease, HIV and others is shown. Knowledge of molecular genetic biomarkers is necessary for identifying risk groups, conducting predictive measures, in particular vaccination. The main influence is given to the genes of the main histocompatibility complex; the role of mitochondria
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44

Parhar, Kamalpreet K., Bill Huang, Nirma K. Vadlamudi, and Fawziah Marra. "2302. A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors for Herpes Zoster Infection." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S788—S789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1980.

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Abstract Background The burden of herpes zoster (HZ) is significant worldwide, with millions affected and the incidence rising. Current literature has identified some risk factors for this disease; however, there is yet to be a comprehensive study that pools all evidence to provide estimates of risk. Therefore, The purpose of this study was to identify various risk factors, excluding immunosuppressive medication, that may predispose an individual to developing herpes zoster. Methods The literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, Cochrane Systematic Reviews, Web of Sc
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Kim, Peter W., Anthony D. Harris, Mary-Claire Roghmann, J. Glenn Morris, Arjun Strinivasan, and Eli N. Perencevich. "Epidemiological Risk Factors for Isolation of Ceftriaxone-Resistant versus -Susceptible Citrobacter freundii in Hospitalized Patients." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 9 (2003): 2882–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.9.2882-2887.2003.

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ABSTRACT Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging problem among nosocomial bacteria. Risk factors for the recovery of ceftriaxone-resistant (CRCF) or -susceptible (CSCF) Citrobacter freundii in clinical cultures from hospitalized patients were determined by using a case-case-control study design. CRCF was isolated from 43 patients (case group 1) and CSCF was isolated from 87 patients (case group 2) over a 3-year period. Risk factors for CRCF were exposure to imipenem (odds ratio [OR], 7.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 45.4), broad-spectrum cephalosporins (OR, 6.9; 95% CI, 1.8 to 26.7),
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de Castro, Izana Junqueira, Esther Botelho Soares da Silva, Talita Rezende dos Santos, et al. "T-Cell Lymphoma in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and AIDS." Case Reports in Oncology 10, no. 1 (2017): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000456029.

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Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and AIDS are risk factors for the development of malignant neoplasms, including hematological malignancies, such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma. NF1 is an autosomal dominant disease that primarily manifests as café-au-lait spots, dermal neurofibromas, axillary and/or inguinal ephelides or freckles, plexiform neurofibromas, Lisch nodules, and bone deformities. In this report, we present a 38-year-old female patient with NF1 from childhood and AIDS who developed peripheral T-cell lymphoma with good response to chemotherapeutic treatment.
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Brito, Alyne Barbosa, Williany Barbosa de Magalhães, João Paulo Silva de Paiva, et al. "Tuberculosis in Northeastern Brasil (2001-2016): trend, clinical profile, and prevalence of risk factors and associated comorbidities." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 66, no. 9 (2020): 1196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.9.1196.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To describe the temporal trend, clinical profile, and the prevalence of risk factors and associated comorbidities in new cases of tuberculosis in the Northeast (2001-2016). METHODS: A prevalence study involving all tuberculosis cases registered in Northeast Brasil, 2001-2016. Data were obtained from the National System of Notification of Disorders. For statistical analysis, the inflection point regression model and descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS: 331,245 cases of tuberculosis were reported. The overall incidence rate decreased from 44.84/100,000 inhabitants (2001)
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Fene, Fato, María Jesús Ríos-Blancas, James Lachaud, et al. "Life expectancy, death, and disability in Haiti, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017." Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 44 (November 2, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2020.136.

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Objective. To investigate the magnitude and distribution of the main causes of death, disability, and risk factors in Haiti. Methods. We conducted an ecological analysis, using data estimated from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 for the period 1990-2017, to present life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HALE) at under 1-year-old, cause-specific deaths, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), disability adjusted life-years (DALYs), and risk factors associated with DALYs. Results. LE and HALE increased substantially in Haiti. People may hope to live longer
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49

Petoumenos, Kathy, and Signe W. Worm. "HIV infection, aging and cardiovascular disease: epidemiology and prevention." Sexual Health 8, no. 4 (2011): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh11020.

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In the developed world, HIV infection is now well managed with very effective and less toxic antiretroviral treatment. HIV-positive patients therefore are living longer, but are now faced by challenges associated with aging. Several non-AIDS associated morbidities are increased in this population, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is suggested that CVD occurs earlier among HIV-positive patients compared with HIV-negative patients, and at a higher rate. Several factors have been proposed to contribute to this. First, the traditional CVD risk factors are highly prevalent in this populat
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50

Hoffmann, Christian, Holger Schmid, Markus Müller, et al. "Improved outcome with rituximab in patients with HIV-associated multicentric Castleman disease." Blood 118, no. 13 (2011): 3499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-02-333633.

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Abstract Although HIV-associated multicentric Castleman disease (HIV-MCD) is not classified as an AIDS-defining illness, mortality is high and progression to lymphoma occurs frequently. At present, there is no widely accepted recommendation for the treatment of HIV-MCD. In this retrospective (1998-2010), multicentric analysis of 52 histologically proven cases, outcome was analyzed with respect to the use of different MCD therapies and potential prognostic factors. After a mean follow-up of 2.26 years, 19 of 52 patients died. Median estimated overall survival (OS) was 6.2 years. Potential risk
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