Relevant bibliographies by topics / AIDS (Disease) – Social aspects – Zimbabwe

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Academic literature on the topic 'AIDS (Disease) – Social aspects – Zimbabwe'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "AIDS (Disease) – Social aspects – Zimbabwe"

1

Schlebusch, Lourens, and Michael J. Cassidy. "Stress, Social Support and Biopsychosocial Dynamics in HIV-AIDS." South African Journal of Psychology 25, no. 1 (1995): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124639502500104.

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Research trends in psychosocial aspects of HIV-AIDS are reviewed, exploring the role of psychosocial cofactors in disease progression. This is undertaken within a biopsychosocial model and gives cognisance to the role of psychosocial stress, social support, and emotional adjustment. Research data from a study of biopsychosocial interrelationships in a sample of HIV-positive patients show a significant correlation between social support and emotional adjustment and that social support exerts a mediatory, stress-buffering effect in these patients. Some observations are made on aspects of the social conditions of South Africans with HIV-AIDS.
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2

Selwyn, Peter A. "Tuberculosis and AIDS: Epidemiologic, Clinical, and Social Dimensions." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 21, no. 3-4 (1993): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1993.tb01252.x.

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In little more than a decade, the AIDS epidemic has exerted a profound effect on morbidity and mortality among young adults and children in many parts of the world. One of the more dramatic aspects of AIDS is that it seems to have arisen almost spontaneously as a new epidemic, spreading rapidly within at-risk populations in a way that is unprecedented for the serious infectious diseases of recent memory. Tuberculosis, on the other hand, had only recently been considered a disease of historical importance but of diminishing relevance to current public health priorities, especially in industrialized countries. Over the past decade, however, and in parallel with the AIDS epidemic, there has been a resurgence of tuberculosis in many of the same populations most affected by HIV infection. This has had important implications for clinical practice, public health, and the development of appropriate health policy. A number of elements have converged to promote the development of HIV-related tuberculosis, including biologic, social, and environmental factors. These will be discussed both to provide a context for understanding the relationship between the two epidemics, and as a basis for suggesting strategies for tuberculosis control in the AIDS era.
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3

Umadevi, K. R., E. Blignaut, M. Glick, et al. "Social Aspects of HIV and Their Relationship to Craniofacial Problems." Advances in Dental Research 23, no. 1 (2011): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034511400223.

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The oral research community needs an understanding of the social causes, consequences, and costs of disease in relation to oral health. This workshop concluded that HIV infection constitutes a special dental need requiring specific arrangements to facilitate oral care for infected persons. Oral manifestations of HIV infection affect everyday life, but more evidence is needed on the effects of interventions to alleviate these impacts. Other oral health habits add to the burden of HIV/AIDS-associated oral diseases and compete with them for resources. These problems are most acute where the prevalence of HIV is high and resources are scarce. Effective health promotion is therefore important in these areas. Without data on the utility of oral health care in developing countries, practical approaches are guided by societal and multidisciplinary principles. There are also important ethical considerations
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4

Gulyamov, Shodibek, Nigina Sharapova, and Yuriy Krivoruchko. "CLINICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF HEROIN ADDICTION: MODERN STATE OF ISSUE." Avicenna Bulletin 22, no. 1 (2020): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2020-22-1-112-119.

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The article provides a brief overview of the literature, which deals with the issues of heroin addiction, its history, prevalence, statistics, clinical characteristics, diagnostics, prevention and countermeasures, as well as programs aimed at social rehabilitation and harm reduction from injecting drug use. Issues such as physiological foundations and features of disease and remission formation, withdrawal, motivational attitudes of drug users, structure users of narcotic substances, the impact of pre-morbid features, socio-demographic, clinical-dynamic, regional and gender aspects of heroin addiction, and also existing approaches to therapeutic and preventive measures are considered in narcology. Medical and social consequences expressed in the form of the spread of hemo-contact infections, such as HIV/AIDS and viral hepatitis; risky behavior and its impact on the growth of sexually transmitted infections; reducing and completely losing social status; suicide-aggressive actions have been studied. The analysis of data on the study of the prognostic value of the socio-demographic and clinical-dynamic characteristics of heroin addiction and its effect is provided on the outcome of the disease. Keywords: Drugs, drug addiction, heroin addiction, opioids, addiction treatment
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5

Fox, Daniel M. "From TB to AIDS: Value Conflicts in Reporting Disease." Hastings Center Report 16, no. 6 (1986): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3562097.

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6

Atta, Kouame. "Reflexion Sur Les Enjeux Epistemologique Et Methodologique De L’approche Anthropologique Sur La Maladie Chronique En Contexte Africain A Travers L’exemple Du VIH/Sida." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 29 (2017): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n29p344.

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Our practical experience of anthropology in the field of HIV/AIDS and many researchers’ commitment in such scientific programs showed that social sciences’ approach of chronic disease in African cultural context includes relevant epistemological and methodological issues. The purpose of this article is to give an overview of these issues while showing the contribution of the anthropological approach to the comprehension of the health phenomena related to the AIDS in the African environment. The approach to this was to review the literature on fieldwork already done on HIV / AIDS in the social sciences. The results of our analysis indicate that medical research on HIV / AIDS in African cultural context has mobilized social sciences mainly anthropology in its various specialties which alongside Biology, Epidemiology and Clinic have led to the development of an inclusive approach of the disease. This interactive approach between social sciences and medical sciences allowed fulfilling the limits of medicine’s quantitative approaches and thus to grasp the AIDS pandemic in these epidemiological, behavioral and representational aspects.
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7

Graeff, Samara Vilas-Bôas, Renata Palópoli Pícolli, Rui Arantes, Vivianne De Oliveira Landgraf de Castro, and Rivaldo Venâncio da Cunha. "Epidemiological aspects of HIV infection and AIDS among indigenous populations." Revista de Saúde Pública 53 (February 7, 2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053000362.

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OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological aspects of HIV infection and AIDS among indigenous peoples of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. METHODS: This is a descriptive epidemiological study on the occurrence and distribution of HIV infection and AIDS in the indigenous population assisted by the Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena (Indigenous Special Health District) Mato Grosso do Sul between 2001 and 2014, based on three secondary databases. Annual rates of HIV and AIDS detection and prevalence were calculated, considering case distribution according to village, Health Base Pole and sociodemographic variables. Accumulated rates of detection, mortality and case fatality were calculated by ethnic group and for the Health Base Pole with the highest number of cases. RESULTS: The HIV detection rate fluctuated between 0.0 and 18.0/100 thousand people in the study period. For AIDS, there was no notification before 2007, but in 2012 its rate reached 16.6/100 thousand. HIV prevalence grew between 2001 and 2011, and it continuously grew for AIDS starting from 2007. The highest HIV detection rates occurred among Guarani peoples (167.1/100 thousand) and for AIDS, among the Kaiowá peoples (79.3/100 thousand); mortality and fatality rates were higher among the Kaiowá. Regarding the Dourados Health Base Pole, the AIDS detection rate increased, and the mortality and fatality rates decreased. CONCLUSIONS: HIV infection and AIDS have been increasing among indigenous peoples, with distribution of the disease mainly in the Health Base Poles of the southern region of the state, where greater economic and social vulnerability are also observed. The endemic character of HIV and AIDS can become epidemic in some years given the existence of cases in other villages in the state. Its occurrence among the Guarani and Kaiowá populations indicates the need for expanded diagnosis, access to treatment and prevention measures.
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8

Sargazi, Atefeh, Zahra Sepehri, Prigil Kumar Nadakkavukaran Jim, Negar Aali, Masoomeh Danesh, and Aliyeh Sargazi. "The Global Burden of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Tuberculosis Infected Patients and Related Financial Aspects." International Journal of Basic Science in Medicine 3, no. 4 (2018): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijbsm.2018.25.

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The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Approximately about 37 million people are infected by this virus with the rate of 1.2 million deaths per year. The mortality rate is high among HIV infected patients in the first 6 months of treatment.1 Immune deficient cases are at the high risk of any opportunistic infection. AIDS has been closely linked with tuberculosis (TB) disease, so almost one third of total mortality is related to this co-infection. In this regard, tuberculosis is used as a diagnostic index for AIDS.2 AIDS is not only associated with high mortality and morbidity, but it affects social life with related stresses and anxieties.3 Considering vast influence of HIV-TB over peoples’ lives, the present study aimed to estimate direct global burden of HIV infection on the patients with TB in a one-year period in 2014.
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9

Coimbra, Carlos E. A., and Mohammad R. Torabi. "Sexual Behavior and AIDS in Sociocultural Perspective." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 7, no. 3 (1986): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/4y6t-t3yh-h8jv-e3ea.

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AIDS, its cause, effect, and possible cure, has become a complex sociopsychological issue with ramifications extending far beyond the purely medical sphere. Spreading rapidly, with a higher incidence rate recorded among young people, the disease transcended the biomedical sphere, presenting sociocultural and psychological ramifications that go beyond its physical impact. With a higher incidence rate among male homosexuals, the epidemic raises morally sensitive questions which further confuse an already clouded picture. Current knowledge on the sexual transmission of AIDS and the role of male homosexuality demonstrates the need for more serious research into the various social and cultural aspects of homosexuality itself. To this end, medical anthropology may provide important information to those dealing with educational and preventive programs for the general population, as well as those in high risk groups for acquiring the disease.
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10

Fee, Elizabeth, and Nancy Krieger. "Thinking and Rethinking Aids: Implications for Health Policy." International Journal of Health Services 23, no. 2 (1993): 323–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/gh7c-lqe5-ynk5-jym8.

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In the United States, we see three main phases in the construction of the history of AIDS, with each having very different implications for health and social policy. In the first, AIDS was conceived of as an epidemic disease, a “gay plague,” by analogy to the sudden, devastating epidemics of the past. In the second, it was normalized as a chronic disease, similar in many ways to diseases such as cancer. In the third, the authors propose a new historical model of a slow-moving, long-lasting pandemic, a chronic infectious ailment manifested through myriad specific HIV-related diseases. The new paradigm of AIDS incorporates the positive aspects of both earlier conceptions. It emphasizes, like the plague model, the etiology, transmission, and prevention of disease but rejects its assumption of a time-limited crisis. It takes from the chronic disease model an appropriate time frame and concern with the clinical management of protracted illness but insists on the primacy of prevention. The authors criticize both infectious and chronic disease models for their individualistic conceptions of disease and their narrow strategies for disease prevention. They further argue that the traditional distinction between, and approaches to, infectious and chronic diseases need to be rethought for other diseases as well as for AIDS.
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