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Journal articles on the topic 'AIDS; PCP'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Wasser, Larry S., Elliot Brown, and Wilfredo Talavera. "Miliary PCP in AIDS." Chest 96, no. 3 (1989): 693–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.96.3.693.

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2

&NA;. "Desensitisation to PCP prophylaxis in AIDS." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 913 (1993): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199309130-00050.

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3

&NA;. "Desensitisation to PCP prophylaxis in AIDS." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 477 (1993): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199304770-00004.

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4

&NA;. "New hope for PCP in AIDS." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 817 (1991): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199108170-00016.

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5

Wang, Mengyan, Guanjing Lang, Ying Chen, et al. "A Pilot Study of Echinocandin Combination with Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole and Clindamycin for the Treatment of AIDS Patients with Pneumocystis Pneumonia." Journal of Immunology Research 2019 (December 1, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8105075.

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Background and Objectives. Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a common opportunistic infection in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients that continues to result in a high mortality rate. To develop a better treatment strategy and improve PCP prognosis, a cohort study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of echinocandin treatment for AIDS patients with PCP (AIDS-PCP). Methods. The AIDS-PCP patients were analyzed in our retrospective cohort study that were hospitalized in The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University during 2013–2018. The antifungal effects of ec

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6

Prasetyo, R. Heru. "PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA (PCP) DI PENDERITA HIV DAN AIDS DENGAN KELAINAN PARU." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 20, no. 1 (2016): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v20i1.446.

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PCP is one of the most common opportunistic infection in HIV and AIDS patients. A definitive diagnosis of PCP in HIV and AIDS patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya has not been previously done. A definitive diagnosis have the role in the therapy and to prevent the illness as well. PCP is diagnosed by using a microscope to indentify Pneumocystis jerovecii in the lung fluid or tisuue. The objective of this study was to know how to detect Pneumocystis jerovecii in the sputum samples and to know the determination of the prevalence of PCP in HIV and AIDS patients suffered with pulmonary

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7

&NA;. "Three regimens compared in AIDS-associated PCP." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1036 (1996): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199610360-00026.

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8

&NA;. "??? while PCP prophylaxis improves survival in AIDS." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 863 (1992): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199208630-00031.

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9

Block, Brian L., Tejas Mehta, Gabriel M. Ortiz, et al. "Unusual Radiographic Presentation of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in a Patient with AIDS." Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3183525.

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Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) typically presents as an interstitial and alveolar process with ground glass opacities on chest computed tomography (CT). The absence of ground glass opacities on chest CT is thought to have a high negative predictive value for PCP in individuals with AIDS. Here, we report a case of PCP in a man with AIDS who presented to our hospital with subacute shortness of breath and a nonproductive cough. While his chest CT revealed diffuse nodular rather than ground glass opacities, bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial biopsies confirmed the

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10

Beck, Eduard J., Sundhiya Mandalia, David L. Miller, and John R. W. Harris. "improving survival of AIDS patients St Mary's Hospital, London, 1982-1991 Hospital service interventions and." International Journal of STD & AIDS 9, no. 5 (1998): 280–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462981922214.

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Summary: The relationship between changes in hospital service interventions at St Mary's Hospital, London, reduced case fatality for patients with their first episode of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and improved survival from diagnosis of AIDS was investigated for the period 1982-1991. Multivariate logistic regression models identified factors independently associated with episode survival; for those patients who survived their first episode of PCP, survival from time of diagnosis of AIDS was analysed using multivariate Cox's proportional hazards models. The case-fatality rate after 19

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11

Taeb, Abdalsamih M., Joshua M. Sill, Catherine J. Derber, and Michael H. Hooper. "Nodular granulomatous Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia consequent to delayed immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome." International Journal of STD & AIDS 29, no. 14 (2018): 1451–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462418787603.

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Although Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) is a frequent manifestation of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), the granulomatous form is uncommon. Here, we present an unusual case of granulomatous PCP consequent to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) after highly active antiretroviral therapy. A 36-year-old woman with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) presented with cough and dyspnea that were attributed to typical PCP associated with AIDS. She was successfully treated with antibiotic, steroid, and antiretroviral therapies. After six months, however, she presented wi

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12

&NA;. "Trimetrexate second-line therapy for AIDS-related PCP?" Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1010 (1995): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199510100-00010.

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13

&NA;. "IV gammaglobulin aids recovery in methylprednisolone-induced PCP." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 881 (1993): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199308810-00053.

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14

&NA;. "Survival benefit in HIV/AIDS with PCP prophylaxis." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 934 (1994): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199409340-00033.

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15

Sitanggang, Firman Parulian, and I. Gusti Ayu Mardewi. "Perbandingan Diagnosis Klinis dan Radiologis Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia pada Pasien HIV/AIDS di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar." Jurnal Radiologi Indonesia 3, no. 2 (2019): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33748/jradidn.v3i2.64.

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Background: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is a lung infection caused by fungus Pneumocystis carinii. More than half (70 - 80%) of people with AIDS get at least one episode of PCP on their clinical course, with mortality ranging from 10% to 40%. Usually, there is no abnormality in pulmonary physical examination. Chest radiographic examination is one of the non-invasive examinations to make the diagnosis of PCP. Radiographic examination may find an abnormal picture or normal picture.Purpose: To compare the diagnosis of PCP in HIV/AIDS patients made by clinical versus radiology examination

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16

Porter, Kholoud, Christopher K. Fairley, Patrick G. Wall, et al. "AIDS defining diseases in the UK: the impact of PCP prophylaxis and twelve years of change." International Journal of STD & AIDS 7, no. 4 (1996): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462961917924.

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We examined all reports of adult AIDS cases made to the 2 national surveillance centres in the UK for changes in AIDS defining conditions between January 1982 and September 1994. Differences and changes among persons diagnosed since January 1988 who had and had not been aware of their HIV infection prior to their AIDS diagnosis were of particular interest. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the AIDS defining disease most often reported at the initial AIDS diagnosis. Its proportion of all AIDS cases has increased significantly between January 1982 and December 1987 and decreased markedly t

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17

Wu, Liang, Zhe Zhang, Yu Wang, et al. "A Model to Predict In-Hospital Mortality in HIV/AIDS Patients with Pneumocystis Pneumonia in China: The Clinical Practice in Real World." BioMed Research International 2019 (February 17, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6057028.

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We aimed to develop and validate a predictive model to evaluate in-hospital mortality risk in HIV/AIDS patients with PCP in China. 1001 HIV/AIDS patients with PCP admitted in the Beijing Ditan hospital from August 2009 to January 2018 were included in this study. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify independent risk factors of death, and a predictive model was devised based on risk factors. The overall in-hospital mortality was 17.3%. The patients were randomly assigned into derivation cohort (801cases) and validation cohort (200 cases) in 8:2 ratio, respectively, in

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18

Saccente, Michael, та Gayathri Krishnan. "Comparison of Blood (1–>3)-β-d-Glucan Levels in AIDS-Related Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia and AIDS-Related Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis". Clinical Infectious Diseases 73, № 6 (2021): 1100–1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab277.

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Abstract In this retrospective study, (1–&gt;3)-β-d-glucan (B-glucan) was an unreliable marker for AIDS-related Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) because a high percentage of participants with progressive disseminated histoplasmosis and respiratory symptoms had a positive B-glucan result. Where histoplasmosis is common, attributing B-glucan positivity to PCP without further testing risks misdiagnosis.

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19

&NA;. "Zidovudine & PCP prophylaxis: patterns of use in AIDS." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1016 (1995): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199510160-00024.

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20

&NA;. "Trimetrexate - an alternative to cotrimoxazole for PCP in AIDS." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 953 (1994): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199409530-00035.

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21

&NA;. "Treatments and prophylactic agents for PCP in AIDS compared." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 838 (1992): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199208380-00038.

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22

&NA;. "Is adjunctive corticosteroid therapy beneficial in AIDS-related PCP?" Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 744 (1990): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199007440-00005.

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23

BAVA, Amadeo Javier, Sylvia CATTÁNEO, and Enrique BELLEGARDE. "Diagnosis of pulmonary pneumocystosis by microscopy on wet mount preparations." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 44, no. 5 (2002): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652002000500009.

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We have compared the searching of the presence of "honeycomb" structures by direct microscopy on wet mount preparations with the direct immunofluorescence (DIF) for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in 115 bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluids. The samples belonged to 115 AIDS patients; 87 with presumptive diagnosis of PCP and 28 with presumptive diagnosis other than PCP. The obtained results were coincident in 114 out of 115 studied samples (27 were positive and 87 negative) with both techniques. A higher percentage of positive results (32.18%) among patients with presumptive diagn

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24

Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland. "Estudo temporal das doenças associadas à AIDS no Brasil, 1980-1999." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 16, suppl 1 (2000): S21—S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2000000700003.

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Neste trabalho foram estimadas as incidências de condições associadas (CA) à AIDS/100 casos de AIDS em adultos (> 12 anos), a nível nacional, de 1980 a maio de 1999. A análise incluiu qui-quadrado e regressão linear simples. As CA analisadas foram candidíase (CD), tuberculose (TB), pneumonia por Pneumocystis carinii (PCP), neurotoxoplasmose(NT), Herpes, Sarcoma de Kaposi (SK), meningite criptocócica (MC) e infecções por protozoários (IP). As incidências acumuladas/100 casos de AIDS foram: CD = 59, TB = 26, PCP = 23, NT = 15, Herpes = 12, SK = 5, MC = 4 e IP = 4. A tendência anual indicou qu

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25

Okazaki, Moemi, Masafumi Okazaki, Miho Nakamura, Tadashi Asagiri, and Seisho Takeuchi. "Consecutive hypoglycemia attacks induced by co-trimoxazole followed by pentamidine in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome." International Journal of STD & AIDS 30, no. 1 (2018): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462418795580.

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Both co-trimoxazole and pentamidine are used for the treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and are known to cause hypoglycemia as an adverse drug reaction. Here, we describe a rare case of a late-diagnosed female patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who developed the first hypoglycemic attack as an adverse effect of co-trimoxazole, followed by a second hypoglycemic attack as an adverse effect of pentamidine. Physicians caring for patients with AIDS and PCP should be aware of possible hypoglycemia in patients with many risk factors.

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26

Amsden, Guy W., Steven F. Kowalsky, and Gene D. Morse. "Trimetrexate for Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Patients with Aids." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 26, no. 2 (1992): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809202600217.

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OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this article is to introduce readers to the use of a new agent, trimetrexate (TMTX), in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). The article also gives the readers an overview of PCP and discusses some of the controversies surrounding it. Pharmacokinetic data and clinical trials are reviewed, as well as adverse effects, drug interactions, and dosage guidelines. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search was used to identify pertinent literature, including reviews. STUDY SELECTION: As both pharmacokinetic and clinical trials were few in number, all availabl

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27

Sun, Jia, Junwei Su, Yirui Xie, et al. "Plasma IL-6/IL-10 Ratio and IL-8, LDH, and HBDH Level Predict the Severity and the Risk of Death in AIDS Patients withPneumocystisPneumonia." Journal of Immunology Research 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1583951.

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Objective. To identify blood biomarkers to predict severity and mortality in AIDS PCP patients.Methods. Biomarkers including clinical parameters and plasma inflammatory cytokines were assessed in 32 HIV-infected patients withPneumocystispneumonia (PCP) at time of admission. Predictive value of the biomarkers for clinical severity and in-hospital mortality was evaluated by corresponding ROC curve.Results. Levels of CRP, WBC, LDH, HBDH, and Ferritin were significantly higher in the severe and nonsurvivor AIDS PCP patients. These important biochemical indicators have inverse correlation with oxyg

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28

Beck, E. J., P. D. French, M. H. Helbert, et al. "Improved Outcome of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS Patients: A Multifactorial Treatment Effect." International Journal of STD & AIDS 3, no. 3 (1992): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095646249200300305.

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Factors determining the outcome of an episode of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in 149 AIDS patients treated at St Mary's Hospital were identified and their importance on improved survival evaluated between 1984 and 1989. The proportion of fatal episodes of PCP decreased over time. Fatal compared with non-fatal episodes had lower mean alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (82.5 mmHg vs 53.8 mmHg, P<0.001), mean haemoglobin level (11.2g/dl vs 12.1 g/dl, P=0.01), mean lymphocyte count (0.68 times 109/l vs 0.92 times 109/l, P=0.05) and more coinfections (31% vs 5%, P<0.001). Over time, th

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29

Roths, J. B., A. L. Smith, and C. L. Sidman. "Lethal exacerbation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in severe combined immunodeficiency mice after infection by pneumonia virus of mice." Journal of Experimental Medicine 177, no. 4 (1993): 1193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.177.4.1193.

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Mice homozygous for the mutant allele scid (severe combined immunodeficiency) have been described as excellent models for Pneumocystis carinii (Pc) pneumonia (PCP), a major health problem in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and other immunodeficiency states. Other microorganisms have been shown to infect AIDS patients simultaneously with Pc, but whether one opportunist is able to directly influence the pathogenicity of another has not been determined previously. We have deliberately coinfected scid mice (with extent Pc infection) with a variety of primarily pneumotropic

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30

Sarmento e Castro, R., O. Vasconcelos, F. Carneiro, and A. Rocha-Marques. "Hepatic pneumocystosis without concomitant PCP in a patient with AIDS." Journal of Infection 34, no. 3 (1997): 257–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-4453(97)94367-x.

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31

Guillemi, Silvia, Allan Belzberg, Lindsay M. Lawson, Martin T. Schechter, and Julio SG Montaner. "Adjunctive Corticosteroid Therapy Decreases Lung Permeability in Patients with AIDS-RelatedPneumocystis cariniiPneumonia." Canadian Respiratory Journal 2, no. 1 (1995): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1995/806746.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of adjunctive corticosteroid therapy on lung permeability as measured by Tc-DTPA lung clearance scan in patients with AIDS-relatedPneumocystis cariniipneumonia (PCP).METHODS: Sixteen patients with microbiologically proven AIDS-related PCP were prospectively studied using sequential Tc-DTPA lung clearance scan. All patients received slant.lard antimicrobial treatment. Six patients received adjunctive oral corticosteroids in addition to the usual antimicrobial therapy. Tc-DTPA lung clearance scan was performed al baseline and during the second week of therapy. All

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32

Gigliotti, Francis, and Terry W. Wright. "Immunopathogenesis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia." Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine 7, no. 26 (2005): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1462399405010203.

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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is a life-threatening infection that occurs in immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Interestingly, morbidity and mortality is related to the underlying cause of immunosuppression, with AIDS patients faring better than oncology patients for example. In addition, the prognosis of PCP has been correlated with markers of inflammation rather than with organism numbers. There is now increasing evidence that lung damage occurring during PCP is a result of the type and extent of the host infla

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33

Bonora, S., M. Lanzafame, B. Allegranzi, et al. "Comparative evaluation of naturally occurring Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and PCP despite primary chemoprophylaxis in patients with AIDS." Journal of Infection 35, no. 2 (1997): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-4453(97)92073-9.

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34

Nowaseb, Vincent, Esegiel Gaeb, Marcin G. Fraczek, Malcolm D. Richardson, and David W. Denning. "Frequency of Pneumocystis jirovecii in sputum from HIV and TB patients in Namibia." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 8, no. 03 (2014): 349–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.3864.

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Introduction: The opportunistic fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii causes Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP), which is a life-threatening infection in HIV/AIDS patients. The seemingly low prevalence of P. jirovecii pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa has been a matter of great debate because many HIV/AIDS patients reside in this region. The lack of suitable diagnostic practices in this resource limited-region has been added to the uncertainty of PcP prevalence. Only a few studies have evaluated the utility of easily obtainable samples such as expectorated sputum for diagnosis of PcP. Thus, the aim of the cur

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35

Mitha, Mohammed, Kriban Reddy, Raveen Parboosing, and Yacoob Coovadia. "An interesting case of HSV pneumonia and PCP co-infection in a patient with AIDS: A diagnostic and management challenge." Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 10, no. 1 (2009): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v10i1.997.

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The advent of HIV and AIDS has brought about many diagnostic and management challenges regarding multiple opportunistic infections. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is a common presentation in patients with AIDS who are not on prophylaxis or highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Herpes simplex 1 virus (HSV-1) is a ubiquitous virus that mainly causes benign disease during primary infection. However, it is known to cause severe pneumonia and disseminated disease in the immunocompromised.1 We present a case of HSV-1 pneumonitis and PCP co-infection in an HIV-positive patient with re

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36

&NA;. "Eflornithine: can work when others have failed in AIDS-related PCP." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 767 (1990): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199007670-00016.

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37

El-Zeftawy, H., H. Abujudeh, M. Azia, et al. "Changing Patterns of PCP Infection After Prophylactic Treatment in AIDS Patients." CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE 23, no. 2 (1998): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003072-199802000-00057.

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38

Wang, Jing, Terry W. Wright, and Francis Gigliotti. "Immune Modulation as Adjunctive Therapy forPneumocystispneumonia." Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/918038.

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Pneumocystisis an opportunistic fungal respiratory pathogen that causes life-threatening pneumonia (Pcp) in patients suffering from defects in cell-mediated immunity, including those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and immunosuppression secondary to chemotherapy or organ transplantation. Despite major advances in health care, the mortality associated with Pcp has changed little over the past 25 years. Pcp remains a leading cause of death among HIV infected patients, with mortality rates of 50% or higher for patients developing severe Pcp. In addition, as more potent immunosuppre

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39

Gingerich, Aaron D., Karen A. Norris, and Jarrod J. Mousa. "Pneumocystis Pneumonia: Immunity, Vaccines, and Treatments." Pathogens 10, no. 2 (2021): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10020236.

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For individuals who are immunocompromised, the opportunistic fungal pathogen Pneumocystis jirovecii is capable of causing life-threatening pneumonia as the causative agent of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). PCP remains an acquired immunodeficiency disease (AIDS)-defining illness in the era of antiretroviral therapy. In addition, a rise in non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated PCP has been observed due to increased usage of immunosuppressive and immunomodulating therapies. With the persistence of HIV-related PCP cases and associated morbidity and mortality, as well as difficult to dia

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40

Otieno-Odhiambo, Patricia, Sean Wasserman, and J. Claire Hoving. "The Contribution of Host Cells to Pneumocystis Immunity: An Update." Pathogens 8, no. 2 (2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8020052.

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Pneumocystis is a ubiquitous atypical fungus that is distributed globally. The genus comprises morphologically similar but genetically heterogeneous species that have co-evolved with specific mammalian hosts as obligate intra-pulmonary pathogens. In humans, Pneumocystis jirovecii is the causative organism of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised individuals, a serious illness frequently leading to life-threatening respiratory failure. Initially observed in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, PCP is increasingly observed in immunocompromised non-AIDS patients. The ev

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41

Riyanto, Dahlia, Rindang Tanjungsari, Tri Pudy Asmarawati, and Desiana Radithia. "ORAL CANDIDIASIS IN HIV PATIENT SUFFERING PNEUMOCYSTIC CARINII PNEUMONIA." Dentino : Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 5, no. 1 (2020): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/dentino.v5i1.8126.

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Background: HIV/AIDS infection provoked opportunistic infection systhemically and intraorally. Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia (PCP) and Oral candidiasis (OC) is the most prevalent opportunistic infection among HIV/AIDS patient and may serve as indicator of low CD4 count in HIV infection. Objective: This paper reports management of oral candidiasis in pneumocystic carinii pneumonia that affects a patient with HIV. Case: A 39 year-old man was hospitalized for pneumocystic carinii pneumonia with weakness of gait and emaciated posture. He was also diagnosed of HIV/AIDS infection through CD4 count

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42

Andersen, Richard, Melissa Boedicker, Mary Ma, and Ellie J. C. Goldstein. "Adverse Reactions Associated with Pentamidine Isethionate in Aids Patients: Recommendations for Monitoring Therapy." Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy 20, no. 11 (1986): 862–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002808602001108.

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Since pentamidine has become commercially available, there is renewed interest in using it as the initial treatment for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in AIDS patients. We reviewed the use of pentamidine in 24 patients with PCP to gain information on the prevalence and severity of adverse effects from this drug. Twenty out of twenty-four patients (83 percent) experienced some kind of adverse effect. Hepatic abnormalities (58 percent), nausea and vomiting (46 percent), hypoglycemia (33 percent), azotemia (25 percent), and pain at the injection site (25 percent) were the most frequently se

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43

Peruzzi, William T., Barry A. Shapiro, Gary A. Noskin, et al. "Concurrent Bacterial Lung Infection in Patients with AIDS, PCP, and Respiratory Failure." Chest 101, no. 5 (1992): 1399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.101.5.1399.

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44

Sistek, Catherine J., Cindy J. Wordell, and Stephen P. Hauptman. "Adjuvant Corticosteroid Therapy for Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Aids Patients." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 26, no. 9 (1992): 1127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809202600915.

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OBJECTIVE: To review published abstracts, case reports, and journal articles and evaluate data examining the use of systemic corticosteroids as adjuvant treatment for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients with AIDS. DATA SOURCES: Computerized online databases, peer-reviewed journals from January 1986 through September 1991, and personal communication with a National Institutes of Health correspondent. STUDY SELECTION: The authors identified 13 reports pertinent to this review. By author consensus, five studies were selected for analysis based on sample size, controlled study design,

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45

Ong, E. L. C. "The Role of Aerosol Pentamidine Prophylaxis." International Journal of STD & AIDS 4, no. 2 (1993): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095646249300400202.

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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the most frequent opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS, occurring in 80% and recurring in 50% of patients within 12 months of the first episode. Prophylaxis for PCP is recommended if the CD4+ cell count is <200×106/l or 20% of the total lymphocyte count, or after an episode of PCP. The most effective prophylactic agent currently is trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and should be the drug of choice but alternatives such as aerosol pentamidine are being increasingly used for patients who cannot tolerate this combination or other oral preparations.

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Goheen, M. P., M. S. Bartlett, M. M. Shaw, S. R. Meshnick, and J. W. Smith. "Effects of Atovaquone on the Ultrastructural Morphology of Pneumocystis Carinii." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (1997): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600007297.

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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) occurs at some time in most patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine isothionate are the traditional modes of therapy for treatment and prophylaxis of PCP. Unfortunately these drugs are associated with a significant incidence of adverse side effects particularly in patients with AIDS. Toxicity and a growing concern that P. carinii strains are becoming resistant to these compounds is providing the impetus for the search for additional drugs to combat P. carinii. Atovaquone, developed as an antimala

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Prevedoros, H. P., R. P. Lee, and D. Marriot. "CPAP, Effective Respiratory Support in Patients with AIDS-related Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 19, no. 4 (1991): 561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x9101900413.

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) associated with severe respiratory failure is an increasingly common problem in major centres and is associated with a high mortality in previous and recent studies. Early in the epidemic, alternatives to invasive intensive care treatment were utilized in our institution and found to be successful. When respiratory failure developed, mask CPAP was used instead of intubation and ventilation. A retrospective review of 175 cases of HIV infected patients with confirmed first presentation PCP was undertaken. Treatment w

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Fletcher, C. V., B. K. Goodroad, L. M. Cummins, K. Henry, H. H. Balfour, and F. S. Rhame. "Pharmacokinetics of hyperimmune anti-human immunodeficiency virus immunoglobulin in persons with AIDS." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 7 (1997): 1571–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.7.1571.

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Hyperimmune anti-human immunodeficiency virus immunoglobulin (HIVIG) is an intravenous immunoglobulin prepared from HIV-infected asymptomatic donors with a CD4 cell count greater than 400 cells/microl and a high titer of antibody to HIV-1 p24 protein. Twelve persons with AIDS received four doses of HMG (two at 50 mg/kg of body weight and then two at 200 mg/kg) every 28 days. Pharmacokinetics were evaluated by measurement of anti-p24 antibody. HIVIG was well tolerated, and all participants completed the study. Three subjects who were not receiving Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxi

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Yanagisawa, Kunio, Nuanjun Wichukchinda, Naho Tsuchiya, et al. "Deficiency of mannose-binding lectin is a risk of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in a natural history cohort of people living with HIV/AIDS in Northern Thailand." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (2020): e0242438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242438.

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Background Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) plays a pivotal role in innate immunity; however, its impact on susceptibility to opportunistic infections (OIs) has not yet been examined in a natural history cohort of people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods We used archived samples to analyze the association between MBL expression types and risk of major OIs including Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), cryptococcosis, talaromycosis, toxoplasmosis, and tuberculosis in a prospective cohort in Northern Thailand conducted from 1 July 2000 to 15 October 2002 before the national antiretroviral treatment p

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Contini, C., R. Romani, M. Manganarot, F. Sorice, and S. Delia. "Tissue-culture isolation of Pneumocystis carinii from peripheral blood of AIDS patients with PCP." AIDS 7, no. 8 (1993): 1137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-199308000-00026.

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