Academic literature on the topic 'Ail des bois'

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Journal articles on the topic "Ail des bois"

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Steenbrink, Joseph H. M. "Du Bois invariants of isolated complete intersection singularities." Annales de l’institut Fourier 47, no. 5 (1997): 1367–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5802/aif.1603.

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Kumar, Kevin K., Geoffrey Appelboom, Layton Lamsam, Arthur L. Caplan, Nolan R. Williams, Mahendra T. Bhati, Sherman C. Stein, and Casey H. Halpern. "Comparative effectiveness of neuroablation and deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analytic study." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, no. 4 (January 24, 2019): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-319318.

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BackgroundThe safety and efficacy of neuroablation (ABL) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) for treatment refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has not been examined. This study sought to generate a definitive comparative effectiveness model of these therapies.MethodsA EMBASE/PubMed search of English-language, peer-reviewed articles reporting ABL and DBS for OCD was performed in January 2018. Change in quality of life (QOL) was quantified based on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and the impact of complications on QOL was assessed. Mean response of Y-BOCS was determined using random-effects, inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis of observational data.FindingsAcross 56 studies, totalling 681 cases (367 ABL; 314 DBS), ABL exhibited greater overall utility than DBS. Pooled ability to reduce Y-BOCS scores was 50.4% (±22.7%) for ABL and was 40.9% (±13.7%) for DBS. Meta-regression revealed no significant change in per cent improvement in Y-BOCS scores over the length of follow-up for either ABL or DBS. Adverse events occurred in 43.6% (±4.2%) of ABL cases and 64.6% (±4.1%) of DBS cases (p<0.001). Complications reduced ABL utility by 72.6% (±4.0%) and DBS utility by 71.7% (±4.3%). ABL utility (0.189±0.03) was superior to DBS (0.167±0.04) (p<0.001).InterpretationOverall, ABL utility was greater than DBS, with ABL showing a greater per cent improvement in Y-BOCS than DBS. These findings help guide success thresholds in future clinical trials for treatment refractory OCD.
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Thornley, Clare, Wanda Saabeel, Shane McLoughlin, and Sinéad Murnane. "‘Good to know’: An Exploration of the role and Influence of Professional Ethics in ICT Bodies of Knowledge (BoKs)." Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management 19, no. 2 (September 23, 2021): pp150–164. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ejkm.19.2.2413.

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As our dependency on ever-more complex, opaque, and ubiquitous information and communication technologies (ICTs) increases, ethical concerns about the development of those technologies are also rising. One approach to mitigate these concerns is to improve the maturity of the ICT profession through codification of its knowledge base and professional ethics. In this paper, some key theoretical approaches to ethics with a long-established tradition within Philosophy are explored and how these approaches may manifest in the codification of knowledge within ICT Bodies of Knowledge (BoKs) is discussed. BoKs provide a common vocabulary and knowledge inventory to aid communication and encourage shared values and practices, particularly in emerging professional areas such as the ICT profession. Thus, identifying and understanding how ethics are codified in ICT BoKs is important for maturing ICT professional practice in general, and more specifically, for the resolution of ethical concerns. This paper 1) explores considerations and approaches to how ethics are incorporated within ICT BoKs, and 2) conducts content analysis on how ethics are codified within the content structure of ICT Boks. It is found that theoretical ethical approaches are rarely explicated cited in BoKS though, in the more mature BoKs, the discussion of ethics does include consideration of most of the major philosophical approaches. The implications of how knowledge about ethics is described and integrated into the wider knowledge infrastructure of the ICT profession including curriculum guidelines and accreditation processes is discussed. In a wider contribution to the Knowledge Management discipline, potential lessons to increase maturity for other emerging professions through the development of BoKs are also outlined.
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Vantrease. "Commod Bods and Frybread Power: Government Food Aid in American Indian Culture." Journal of American Folklore 126, no. 499 (2013): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jamerfolk.126.499.0055.

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Das, Paulomi, and Pinaki Chatterjee. "Association of ambient air quality with hemoglobin concentration of trained and untrained school-going boys of West Bengal, India." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 8 (June 1, 2012): 194–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/aug2013/64.

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Hall, Stephen G. "African American political thought, 1890-1930: Washington, Du Bois, Garvey, and Randolph." Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 34, no. 4 (1998): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6696(199823)34:4<424::aid-jhbs31>3.0.co;2-d.

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Kökdil, Gamze, Mekin Tanker, Semra Kurucu, and Gülaçti Topçu. "Essential Oil Analysis ofNepeta cilicia Boiss." Flavour and Fragrance Journal 12, no. 2 (March 1997): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1026(199703)12:2<99::aid-ffj619>3.0.co;2-#.

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Sajjadi, S. Ebrahim, and N. Ghassemi. "Volatile constituents ofNepeta glomerulosa Boiss. subsp.carmanica." Flavour and Fragrance Journal 14, no. 5 (September 1999): 265–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1026(199909/10)14:5<265::aid-ffj822>3.0.co;2-a.

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Salvador, Tatiana de Lima, Taciana de Lima Salvador, Eurico Eduardo Pinto de Lemos, Péricles Gabriel Barros, and Rousseau da Silva Campos. "Enraizamento de estacas de pinheira (Annona squamosa L.) com ácido indolbutírico." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 36, spe1 (2014): 310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452014000500037.

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A pinheira (Annona squamosa L.) apresenta boas perspectivas econômicas para a fruticultura brasileira, e sua propagação tem sido realizada comumente de forma seminífera; todavia, a propagação vegetativa de plantas selecionadas é o método mais indicado para a formação de pomares uniformes e produtivos. A estaquia apresenta vantagens que incluem a facilidade da técnica e seu baixo custo. A aplicação de auxinas sintéticas, como o ácido indolbutírico (AIB) na base da estaca, garante o suprimento exógeno, auxiliando no processo do enraizamento. Este trabalho objetivou estabelecer a concentração e o método de aplicação do AIB, visando ao estímulo ao enraizamento em estacas de pinheira, e estudar os tecidos que as formaram. Independentemente da concentração, a aplicação do AIB via pó foi significativamente mais eficiente para a formação das raízes do que na forma líquida. Os estudos anatômicos revelam que as raízes surgem de forma indireta, a partir do tecido caloso, formado na base das estacas.
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Kheloufi, Abdenour, Lahouaria Mounia Mansouri, Mohamed Djelilate, Mourad Touka, Abdallah Chater, and Charaf Dekhinet. "Nutritional Characteristics and Seed Germination Improvement of the Forage Shrub Retama sphaerocarpa (L.) Boiss." Contemporary Agriculture 69, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2020): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2020-0008.

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SummaryRetama sphaerocarpa shrubs form populations that can be an important forage resource during the dry season when pasture shortages are common in certain arid and semi-arid Mediterranean basin regions. The leaves of R. sphaerocarpa were analyzed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) contents. Leaves were also analyzed for the concentration of macro- (P, K, Ca and Mg) and microelements (Mn, Zn, Fe, and Na). According to the contents of CP, NDF, ADF and ADL in the leaves examined, this species could strike an appropriate balance between available feed ingredients for daily nutritional needs of animals. The contents of Ca, K, Na, P, Fe, Mg, and Zn in Retama sphaerocarpa shrubs were found to be high, compared to a number of other forage shrub species. Conversely, the rate of natural regeneration of this shrub in situ was estimated at 2-5%. R. sphaerocarpa seeds are affected by seed coat dormancy that prevents seed germination under natural conditions. The seed germination was assessed at a laboratory after the chemical scarification of seeds by concentrated sulphuric acid in the duration range of 0 min and 240 min. The principal component analysis of data related to the germination ability and seedling emergence showed that the best pretreatment was 120 min immersion in sulphuric acid at 25°C (± 2°C), resulting in 86% of the final germination percentage (FGP) and 14.6 cm of the seedling length (SL). According to the results obtained, this species could be considered a ruminant feed of great nutritive value when drought decreases grazing herbaceous biomass yields. These results should encourage farmers and foresters to integrate R. sphaerocarpa into their planting programs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ail des bois"

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Dion, Pierre-Paul. "Caractérisation des conditons de culture propices à l'ail des bois en système agroforestier." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25770.

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L’ail des bois (Allium tricoccum) est une éphémère printanière prisée par les consommateurs. La récolte abusive a mené à la disparition de plusieurs populations au Québec. La culture sous couvert forestier pourrait permettre une exploitation durable de cette espèce vulnérable. Nos travaux ont montré que la plantation sous une voûte forestière à fermeture tardive favorise la croissance de l’ail des bois, qui retarde alors sa sénescence et s’acclimate à une plus grande disponibilité de lumière. Une faible densité de plantation favorise la croissance et la reproduction individuelle, mais se traduit par un rendement plus faible par surface cultivée. La récolte d’une partie des bulbes en populations naturelles denses stimule légèrement la croissance post-récolte. La récolte des feuilles n’a pas d’impact sur la survie, mais l’effectuer tardivement et ne récolter qu’une feuille sur deux favorisent la régénération des plants. Ces résultats permettront d’améliorer le rendement de cultures d’ail des bois.
Wild leek (Allium tricoccum) is a forest spring ephemeral popular amongst consumers. Overharvesting caused a major decline of its natural populations in southern Quebec, Canada. Forest farming could provide a mean of sustainable exploitation of this vulnerable species. According to our experiments, planting under late bud-bursting tree species improves growth of wild leek, which delays its senescence and can acclimate to the higher light availability. A lower planting density improves individual growth and reproduction, but lowers the yield per cultivated area. Partial harvest of the bulbs in dense populations slightly improves post-harvest growth. Harvesting leaves does not affect survival, but delaying it in the season and harvesting only one leaf out of two favors regeneration. These results will allow optimizing yield in wild leek cultures.
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Bernatchez, Antoine. "Conditions de culture propices à l'ail des bois (Allium Tricoccum)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23730.

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L'ail des bois (Allium tricoccum) est une espèce vulnérable qui, par sa croissance lente, réagit mal aux récoltes intensives. La présente étude visait à caractériser les conditions de culture en boisé de cette espèce dans le but de préserver les populations naturelles. La culture des deux variétés d'ail des bois, var. tricoccum et var. burdickii, est possible. La plantation de printemps, de même qu'une fertilisation organique appliquée annuellement, favorisent la croissance. La croissance des bulbes est meilleure dans des sols ayant une bonne disponibilité en eau, un pH autour de 5,0, ainsi qu'un rapport N : P élevé. En conditions contrôlées, nous avons établi que la température optimale de croissance de l'ail des bois est de 12/8°C. De plus, un épisode de stress hydrique affecte négativement sa croissance. La culture en boisé de l'ail des bois est donc possible, mais il faudrait maintenant optimiser la culture à partir de graines.
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Labat, Matthieu. "Chaleur - Humidité - Air dans les maisons à ossature bois : Expérimentation et modélisation." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790809.

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L'évolution actuelle des exigences en termes de performance énergétique des bâtiments a fait apparaître de nouveaux enjeux et problématiques scientifiques, dont ceux liés à l'humidité. Cette étude s'appuie sur une cellule expérimentale construite sur la technologie des maisons à ossature bois et soumise aux conditions climatiques réelles de Grenoble. L'instrumentation de ce bâtiment et le suivi de l'évolution en température et en humidité dans les différentes couches de l'enveloppe permettent de définir des séquences nécessaires à la validation de modèles numériques. Dans cet objectif, un modèle existant nommé HAM-Tools a été utilisé pour simuler les transferts couplés de chaleur, d'air et d'humidité à l'échelle du bâtiment. La démarche de validation a été décomposée en plusieurs étapes, de manière à cibler des transferts spécifiques et d'en améliorer la modélisation. Ces études localisées concernent les transferts couplés de chaleur et de masse à travers les parois solides, la modélisation des transferts de chaleur à travers une lame d'air ventilée et enfin la modélisation du renouvellement de l'air intérieur en conditions naturelles. Pour estimer la précision globale du modèle, c'est-à-dire à l'échelle du bâtiment, une séquence expérimentale a été simulée en prenant en compte l'ensemble des transferts couplés simultanément. Les performances du modèle sont discutées à partir des mesures locales, c'est-à-dire dans les parois, puis globales. La bonne concordance entre mesures et résultats de simulation permet de conclure sur la validité et la généricité de la démarche mise en œuvre et les hypothèses de simulation. Plus particulièrement, il est apparu que l'outil de modélisation permet de prédire correctement le comportement moyen des parois en humidité et en température. Il est donc envisageable de l'utiliser pour simuler et estimer l'impact des constituants des parois en termes de durabilité, de performances énergétiques et de confort de l'occupant.
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Barcelo, Caldeira Pinto Paiva Jorge Almiro. "Plasticité phénotypique et moléculaire du bois en formation chez le pin maritime (Pinus pinaster Ait. )." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13163.

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Le bois offre à l'arbre un soutien mécanique et est impliqué dans le transport de l'eau. Chez le pin maritime (Pinus pinaster Ait, sa structure est relativement simple, principalement composée de trachéides. L'anatomie, la composition chimique des parois et les propriétés physiques de ces cellules sont cependant très variables. Cette thèse visait à identifier les gènes impliqués dans la formation du bois et expliquant cette variabilité. Nous avons suivi une approche génomique consistant à étudier l'expression des gènes et des protéines dans le bois en formation en fonction de l'âge du cambium (bois juvénile/bois mature) ou des conditions environnementales (bois de initial/final, compression/opposé). Une caractérisation phénotypique fine de ce tissu a été réalisée par FTIR, pyrolyse et GC/MS. Cette étude a apporté de nouvelles connaissances sur les bases moléculaires de la formation du bois et a abouti à une liste de gènes potentiellement impliqués dans la variation des propriétés du bois.
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Nissen, Simon, and Marcus Bjerlöw. "Huliganers påverkan på det svenska föreningslivet : Firman boys inflytande i AIK-fotboll." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42873.

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This essay means to examine and present the reasons of Firman boys use of collective violence, if they have influence regarding the outcome of AIK-football’s supporter gatherings, and their long-term club objectives. Through semi-structured interviews made with avid fans and firm-members alike, we dissected the answers through our framework consisting of a presentation of the well-developed Swedish association life and its activities, collective violence and the effects on group dynamics, and lastly, how Firman boys organize themselves through what we define as partial organization. The analysis of our interviews proved that violence is a vital part of a firm’s existence but employed only as a means in itself to shape and strengthen its members, therefore the means lack political motivation or end goal. From our interviews we cannot present a complete picture of the firms long term goals. But the club’s existence should, according to the firm rather strive for long term fulfillment and the accomplishments it brings. Not comfort their members with temporary distractions or other short-lived sensations.
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Moser, Michel. "Le séchage convectif à haute température : observation a deux échelles différentes : la planche et la pile." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL058N.

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Cette étude est consacrée au séchage à haute température. Une première partie présente une interprétation des mécanismes de transferts qui interviennent au sein d'une plaque de béton ytong et d'une planche de bois séchée en vapeur surchauffée et en air humide. Il en ressort que le séchage peut être décomposé en trois périodes distinctes: une première période où les températures marquent un palier à la température humide; une deuxième période où les températures marquent un palier plus ou moins prononcé à une température comprise entre les températures sèche et humide de l'écoulement; cette température, mise en évidence et justifiée pour la première fois, dépend des propriétés du matériau; une troisième période pendant laquelle les températures s'équilibrent à la température sèche de l'écoulement. La deuxième partie de l'étude s'attache à l'analyse des interactions dynamique, thermique et massique qui ont lieu dans le sous-canal constitue par l'espace entre deux plaques. Le principal objectif est de démontrer qu'à partir de la mesure de la désurchauffe et de bilans globaux et locaux, il est possible de reconstituer la cinétique de séchage. A terme, on conclut qu'il est envisageable de substituer la mesure de la désurchauffe à la pesée en continu de la pile ce qui permet de piloter le séchage à haute température par une simple mesure de désurchauffe
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Marcoux, Hugo-Bastien. "Réduction de l'émission de particules fines issues de la combustion dans les poêles à bois." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26965.

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Dans cette étude, différentes configurations d'un poêle à bois sont comparées afin de caractériser les principaux facteurs influençant la formation de particules et leur rejet. Ainsi, les paramètres de conception d'un poêle à bois seront étudiés expérimentalement et à l'aide de la dynamique des fluides numérique pour découvrir les lignes directrices en ce qui concerne la réduction de l'émission de particules. La méthode expérimentale utilisée est une adaptation de celle utilisée par l'industrie pour la certification de poêle à bois développée par EPA/CSA. Afin de mieux décrire le comportement d'un concept de poêle à bois donné, à un taux de combustion donné, l'étude abordera également : la distribution de température interne, la composition des émissions gazeuses, le ratio air carburant (), l'efficacité globale du poêle, l'humidité et la distribution d'air à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion. Le suivi de ces paramètres a permis de révéler leur influence significative sur les émissions en considérant les modifications et les conditions d'opération du poêle.
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Davidson, L. E. "Bulk density and carbon storage of lowland peat bogs in Northern Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273078.

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Struga, Benoît. "Impact de traitements spécifiques aux matières extractibles du bois sur le procédé de pâte mécanique." Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0021.

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La mise en pâte mécanique est un procédé qui utilise principalement de l'énergie mécanique pour désolidariser les fibres du bois. La quasi totalité des composés du bois vont apparaître dans la composition de la pâte produite. Parmi ces composés, nous trouvons les matières extractibles qui représentent moins de 2 % de la masse totale. Nous distinguons deux groupes: les extraits solubles dans l'eau et les extraits lipophiles solubles dans certains solvants organiques. Ces derniers sont responsables de pertes de qualité du papier et de perturbations lors de sa fabrication. Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse ont permis d'évaluer différents traitements afin de réduire la quantité de ces matières dans la pâte mécanique et dans l'eau qui l'accompagne. La flottation, la flottation à air dissous et des traitements par ozonation ont été testés soit sur la pâte mécanique soit sur des eaux issues du lavage de cette pâte
Mechanical pulping is a process which use mainly mechanical energy to disunite fibres from wood. The advantage of this process is its high yield. Almost aIl the compounds of wood are in the composition of mechanical pulp, only a small arnount of substances are dissolved during pulping. Among them, there are wood extractives, which represent less than 2% of the pulp. Two groups are distinguished : the water soluble extractives and the lipophilic extractives, soluble in organic solvant. Lipophilic extractives are responsible of some troubles in the paper making. That's why it is desirable to minimize the arnount of extractives in the pulp feeding the papermachine. The work carried out in the frame of this thesis allows to compare different approaches to remove extractives from the pulp or from water of pulp washing. Flotation, dissolved air flotation and ozone treatments were tested on mechanical pulp or on water from pulp washing
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Blanchette, Danny. "Modélisation des attributs de la fibre de bois à l’échelle locale à partir de métriques extraites du signal LiDAR terrestre : cas d’étude sur les forêts de conifères de Terre-Neuve." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6839.

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La capacité d’estimer les attributs de la fibre de bois (AFB) à l’échelle locale améliorerait considérablement l’information fournie par l’inventaire forestier actuel. Afin de mieux comprendre les facteurs d’influence sur les AFB, nous avons exploré la possibilité d’utiliser des estimés par télédétection de la structure forestière à l’échelle du groupement d’arbres et vérifier leur relation avec quatre AFB significatifs pour l’industrie : la densité et longueur de fibre, l’angle des microfibrilles de même que la rugosité. Notre étude a permis le développement de modèles prédictifs de ces quatre attributs en utilisant des métriques de structure en provenance de peuplements d’épinette noire (Picea mariana) et de sapin baumier (Abies Balsamea). Les métriques sélectionnées permettent de décrire quatre aspects structuraux de la forêt : la structure de canopée, la compétition dans un groupement d’arbres, la densité de végétation et la topographie locale. Des données LiDAR terrestre (Light Detection and Ranging) ont été acquises sur 53 sites répartis sur l’île de Terre-Neuve à l’aide du système Zoller+Fröhlich Imager 5006i et représentent la source d’information primaire pour l’extraction de nos métriques. Des échantillons par carottage ont été prélevés sur 10 arbres jugés représentatifs par site visité. Leur analyse par le processus SilviScan a permis de relever en détail l’état de leurs AFB. L’utilisation du critère d’information Akaike (AIC) et l’inférence multimodèle a permis d’identifier des modèles prédictifs ayant des coefficients de détermination allant de 63% à 72% dans le cas de l’épinette noire. Les métriques de structure traduisant l’aspect de compétition ont été identifiées comme étant d’importants prédicteurs. La capacité de prédiction des AFB pour le sapin baumier a toutefois été démontrée moins considérable avec des coefficients de détermination allant de 37% à 63% selon les attributs. Pour cette espèce, les métriques traduisant la structure de la canopée se sont avérées les plus importantes. Nos résultats démontrent l’importance de la structure forestière comme indicateur important de l’état des AFB et qu’ils peuvent servir dans la mise en place de modèles prédictifs pour estimer la distribution des AFB à l’échelle régionale.
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Books on the topic "Ail des bois"

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Neupokoev, Fedor Konstantinovich. Protivovozdushnyĭ boĭ. Moskva: Voen. izd-vo, 1989.

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Mountain biking Boise. Helena, Mont: Falcon, 1998.

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Bottomly, Heath. Dishonored glory: Colonel Bo's Vietnam war journal. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse, 2008.

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Geyman, Gene. Ghost pilot. Friday Harbor, WA: Avian Ridge Books, 2002.

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Johnson, David A. The Boise nonprofit sector in a time of government retrenchment. Washington, D.C: The Institute, 1986.

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Shepherd, Jean, Leigh Brown, Melinda Dillon, Bob Clark, and René Dupont. A Christmas story. Burbank, CA: Warner Home Video, 1999.

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Wild blue yonder. Birmingham, Ala: Crane Hill Publishers, 2002.

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Ensom, Beverly. Lake Christie Camp: The history. Ottawa: Christie Lake Community Centres, 1997.

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Travolta, John. Propeller one-way night coach: A fable for all ages. New York, NY: Warner Books, 1997.

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United, States Congress Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Water Resources Transportation and Infrastructure. Rural transportation issues: Hearing before the Subcommitte on Water Resources, Transportation, and Infrastructure of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, second session, August 20, 1990--Boise, Idaho. Washington [D.C.]: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ail des bois"

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Grimmer, Tamsin. "“Boys will be boys!”." In Calling All Superheroes, 54–70. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315150543-4.

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Bergstrom, Mary. "Tipping Gender Scales: From Boys Rule to Girl Power." In All Eyes East, 65–89. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-39368-4_4.

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Wrigley, Sam. "Taming Artificial Intelligence: “Bots,” the GDPR and Regulatory Approaches." In Robotics, AI and the Future of Law, 183–208. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2874-9_8.

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Gentsch, Peter. "Conversational AI: How (Chat)Bots Will Reshape the Digital Experience." In AI in Marketing, Sales and Service, 81–125. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89957-2_4.

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Singh, Akshay Pratap, Komaldeep Virdi, and Aadarsh Choudhary. "Fight Against COVID-19 Pandemic Using Chat-Bots." In Impact of AI and Data Science in Response to Coronavirus Pandemic, 253–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2786-6_13.

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Kane, Angela. "Regulating AI: Considerations that Apply Across Domains." In Robotics, AI, and Humanity, 251–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54173-6_21.

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AbstractAwareness that AI-based technologies have far outpaced the existing regulatory frameworks have raised challenging questions about how to set limits on the most dangerous developments (lethal autonomous weapons or surveillance bots, for instance). Under the assumption that the robotics industry cannot be relied on to regulate itself, calls for government intervention within the regulatory space—national and international—have multiplied. The various approaches to regulating AI fall into two main categories. A sectoral approach looks to identify the societal risks posed by individual technologies, so that preventive or mitigating strategies can be implemented, on the assumption that the rules applicable to AI, in say the financial industry, would be very different from those relevant to heath care providers. A cross-sectoral approach, by contrast, involves the formulation of rules (whether norms adopted by industrial consensus or laws set down by governmental authority) that, as the name implies, would have application to AI-based technologies in their generality. After surveying some domestic and international initiatives that typify the two approaches, the chapter concludes with a list of 15 recommendations to guide reflection on the promotion of societally beneficial AI.
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Castillo-Ramírez, Claudia, Nelson Rangel-Valdez, Claudia Gómez-Santillán, M. Lucila Morales-Rodríguez, Laura Cruz-Reyes, and Héctor J. Fraire-Huacuja. "Performance Analysis of Decision Aid Mechanisms for Hardware Bots Based on ELECTRE III and Compensatory Fuzzy Logic." In Studies in Computational Intelligence, 217–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71115-3_10.

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Frønes, Tove Stjern, Maria Rasmusson, and Jesper Bremholm. "Equity and Diversity in Reading Comprehension—A Case Study of PISA 2000–2018." In Equity, Equality and Diversity in the Nordic Model of Education, 305–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61648-9_12.

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AbstractThis chapter studies equity in reading performance in PISA 2000–2018 in three Nordic countries: Denmark, Sweden and Norway. Using regression analyses, the study investigates how the reading performance trend for groups of students with different genders, home backgrounds and minorities has developed. The study is contextualised through an up-to-date description of reading comprehension instruction in the countries. In addition to trend analyses of general reading performance, the study examines if the differences between groups of students are consistent across different text formats in the digital version of the PISA test, distinguishing between static text types (e.g., articles, letters, stories) and dynamic text types (e.g., websites, forums and e-mails, etc.). We find a consistently high reading literacy performance in all Scandinavian countries compared with international development. There are large gender differences in the average reading performance in all three countries, disfavouring boys, especially low-performing boys from low SES home backgrounds. We find a huge and stable gap between minority and majority students’ reading achievement, even when corrected for SES. Taking these findings into account, we assert that there is no basis for concluding that the school systems give more equitable learning conditions for groups of students now than when the PISA assessments started. However, it appears that the new online text formats in PISA 2018 might shrink the differences between student groups. Based on our findings, we argue that it is highly doubtful if one can still speak of a Nordic model of education, both as an idea of equity and fairness and as a model that is united across the Nordic countries.
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Zieliński, Mieszko. "Paragon Bots." In Game AI Pro 360, 83–94. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429055119-8.

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Zielin’ski, Mieszko. "Paragon Bots." In Game AI Pro 3, 381–91. A K Peters/CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315151700-32.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ail des bois"

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Sato, Shoetsu, Naoki Yoshinaga, Masashi Toyoda, and Masaru Kitsuregawa. "Modeling Situations in Neural Chat Bots." In Proceedings of ACL 2017, Student Research Workshop. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/p17-3020.

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Chakraborti, Tathagata, and Subbarao Kambhampati. "(When) Can AI Bots Lie?" In AIES '19: AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3306618.3314281.

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Fortunic, Edmundo Pozo, Felix Becker, Klaus Zimmermann, and Francisco Cuellar. "Bristle-bots in swarm robotics - approaches on agent development and locomotion." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aim.2017.8014218.

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Fahrbach, Matthew, Jerzy W. Jaromczyk, Roy David Mobley, and Neil Moore. "Video game bots as a theme for student software competitions." In 2014 Computer Games: AI, Animation, Mobile, Multimedia, Educational and Serious Games (CGAMES). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cgames.2014.6934158.

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Shuster, Kurt, Jack Urbanek, Emily Dinan, Arthur Szlam, and Jason Weston. "Dialogue in the Wild: Learning from a Deployed Role-Playing Game with Humans and Bots." In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL-IJCNLP 2021. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.findings-acl.54.

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Lynch, Bernard A., Brian G. Jamieson, Patrick A. Roman, and Charles M. Zakrzwski. "An Empirical Study of Boss/Seat Materials and Geometries for Ultra Low-Leakage MEMS Micro-Valves." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81082.

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We report work on the testing and characterization of the sealing properties of various micro-valve seat/boss interfaces. Using a custom test set-up, we have measured helium leak rates for a variety of boss materials and seat geometries. The seat geometries are micro-machined in silicon, and an orifice is DRIE etched through the chip. The test fixture allows for leak-tight edge sealing of seat chips against a viton o-ring, independent of the force used to seal the boss against the seat. Bosses are sealed against the various seat chips with forces up to 400 mN by using a precision micrometer to deflect a small spring that is coupled to the boss chip. Soft metals, such as copper and gold, and polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and parylene-c, coated on silicon boss chips have been tested on hard silicon seats. In all cases, leak rates were determined as a function of sealing pressure. Seat geometries include a concentric o-ring configuration, and a silicon knife-edge. Both seats have orifice diameters varying from 60 to 110 μm. Experimental results indicate that practical MEMS-scale forces (up to several hundred mN) are sufficient to cause deformation of the soft materials coating the bosses given the small loading area, which can improve sealing capacity but not repeatability. However, uneven loading of the boss prevented a tight seal across the entire seat, which is reflected in the leak rates detected. Soft boss-materials, like PDMS, however, have shown promising results for obtaining ultra-low leak rates. Leak rates as low as 1 × 10−4 atm·cc/sec were obtained on knife-edge seats with 110 μm diameter orifices.
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Mikic, Fernando A., Juan C. Burguillo, Daniel A. Rodriguez, Eduardo Rodriguez, and Martin Llamas. "T-Bot and Q-Bot: A couple of AIML-based bots for tutoring courses and evaluating students." In 2008 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fie.2008.4720469.

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Garg, Vijay K. "Low-Pressure Turbine Separation Control: Comparison With Experimental Data." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30229.

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The present work details a computational study, using the Glenn-HT code, that analyzes the use of vortex generator jets (VGJs) to control separation on a low-pressure turbine (LPT) blade at low Reynolds numbers. The computational results are also compared with the experimental data of Bons et al. [1] for steady VGJs. It is found that the code determines the proper location of the separation point on the suction surface of the baseline blade (without any VGJ) for Reynolds numbers of 50,000 or less. Also, the code finds that the separated region on the suction surface of the blade vanishes with the use of VGJs. However, the separated region and the wake characteristics are not well predicted. The wake width is generally over-predicted while the wake depth is under-predicted.
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Dhameliya, Maulikkumar, Sidharth Sher, and Souma Chowdhury. "Prototyping and Simulated Analysis of Autonomous Swarm-Bots." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86226.

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Teams of small (mm-to-cm scale) robots, often known as swarm-bots, can provide unique functionality owing to their small form factor, distributed sensing capabilities, resilience to disruptions and agent-loss, and likely low cost. Such swarm-bots are being increasingly touted to support various indoor surveillance, hazard detection, and search and rescue missions. This paper presents the conceptual design, fabrication, and testing of a new cm-scale wheeled swarm-bot. Simulated investigation of a simple particle-swarm-inspired approach to coordinated path planning for these swarm-bots is also presented. The swarm bot is developed around a modular platform, comprising snap-on (3D printed) structural components, a stepper-motor actuated wheel system, a Raspberry Pi computing node, a wireless radio module, a Lipo battery, and proximity sensors; all components are readily detachable, thereby allowing reconfiguration flexibility. Through three design generations, a stable prototype offering >20cm/s speed and ∼50 min endurance, was developed, assembled and tested. A virtual simulated environment is developed by combining MATLAB-based modules and a V-Rep environment, in order to simulate the coordinated operation of these swarm-bots. A 78% rate of success in completing target (light source) search missions was observed during the numerical experiments, and performance robustness was observed to improve with increasing swarm size.
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Ljubičić, Sanja, Ljubomir Antekolović, and Vedran Dukarić. "Differences in the level of body equilibrium by sex in early school-age children." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-10.

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Equilibrium represents the motor capability responsible for the performance of virtually all functional movements. Thus, the importance of early diagnosis of equilibrium levels in boys and girls was recognized as the key factor for the prevention of motor deficits and muscles misbalances later in life. Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to show the difference between boys and girls aged 7‒10 years in the level of unilateral static balance of the take-off leg. Methods: Research was conducted at the Kvarner Athletics Club Rijeka, and it involved 80 children aged 7‒10 years (38 boys and 42 girls). Measurement of static unilateral equilibrium was obtained using Gyko Inertial System (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy). Three attempts were made in 20 seconds and two motor variables were observed: medio-lateral and antero-posterior trajectories of the body. For both variables, the arithmetic mean, the minimum and maximum score and standard deviation were calculated. Moreover, a non-parametric method of the Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine statistical significance between boys and girls. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Statistically, girls have significantly better results compared to boys, both in the medio-lateral trajectory variable (M_Sumg = 335.1, M_Sumb = 479.34) and the antero-posterior trajectory variable (M_Sumg = 291.14, M_Sumb = 411.71). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that girls aged 7‒10 years achieved significantly better results compared to boys in observed motor variables (medio-lateral and antero-posterior trajectory of the body), when performing a static unilateral take-off leg balance test. These results are consistent with previous research. Indications for such results stem from different perspectives, among which the most common one refers to the earlier maturation of the systems responsible for postural control in female bodies. Recommendation for further research is to conduct examination on a larger sample of subjects, in younger children (pre-school age) and with both legs.
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Reports on the topic "Ail des bois"

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Fowler, Kimberly M., Supriya Goel, and Jordan W. Henderson. Boise Air Traffic Control Tower: High Performance and sustainable Building Guiding Principles Technical Assistance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1177363.

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Dietrich, Luisa, Zorica Skakun, Rohlat Khaleel, and Tim Peute. Social Norms Structuring Masculinities, Gender Roles, and Stereotypes: Iraqi men and boys’ common misconceptions about women and girls’ participation and empowerment. Oxfam, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.8014.

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The limited participation of Iraqi women in community decision-making in Kirkuk and Diyala is the result of various intertwined factors. This study explores emerging opportunities for social transformation in the context of sedimented layers of male privilege and the questioning of restrictive gender norms in the two governorates. With this report, Oxfam and its partners aim to dismantle barriers to women’s active participation, which is currently constrained by stereotypes and restrictive ideas about gender. Among the promising pathways for change are awareness-raising activities with male allies, alongside other longer-term efforts advancing transformative change in attitudes, practices, and behaviors.
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Nelson, Margot, Michael Antonioni, Vincent Santucci, and Justin Tweet. Oxon Run Parkway: Paleontological resource inventory; supplement to the National Capital Parks-East paleontological resource inventory. National Park Service, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287217.

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Oxon Run Parkway (OXRN) is a 51-hectare (126-acre) natural area within Washington, D.C. administered by the National Park Service under National Capital Parks East (NACE). The original plan called for a road, slated to follow Oxon Run stream, but this never came to fruition; despite this, the moniker stuck. The majority of the original Oxon Run Parkway is managed by the District of Columbia. The section of Oxon Run Parkway under NPS jurisdiction contains wetlands and forests, as well as the only McAteean magnolia bogs still remaining in the District. The lower Cretaceous Potomac Group, known as one of the few dinosaur-bearing rock units on the east coast of North America, crops out within Oxon Run. One of the most prevalent fossil-bearing resources are the siderite, or “bog iron” sandstone slabs that sometimes preserve the footprints or trackways of various vertebrates, including dinosaurs. Such trackways have been reported from Potomac Group outcrops throughout the Atlantic Coastal Plain of Maryland and Virginia. In 2019, National Capital Parks-East took possession of such a track, referred to a dinosaur, collected by paleontologist Dr. Peter Kranz. This report was compiled after a paleontological survey of Oxon Run Parkway and is intended as a supplement to the National Capital Parks East Paleontological Resource Inventory (Nelson et al. 2019). This report contains information on the history of Oxon Run Parkway and its geology, as well as discussion of the fossil track.
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Rosato-Scott, Claire, Dani J. Barrington, Amita Bhakta, Sarah J. House, Islay Mactaggart, and Jane Wilbur. How to Talk About Incontinence: A Checklist. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2020.006.

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Incontinence is the medical term used to describe the involuntary loss of urine or faeces. Women, men, girls, boys and people of all genders, at any age, can experience incontinence. A person with incontinence can experience leakage occasionally, regularly or constantly; and leakage can happen at any time, day or night. A person may also experience leakage of urinary or faecal matter due to not being able to get to the toilet in time or not wanting to use the toilet facilities available. This is known as social, or functional, incontinence. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) understanding of incontinence is still in its early stages: the term ‘incontinence’ may not be known, knowledge of the condition is rare, and the provision of support is lacking. Those who experience incontinence may face stigma due to having the condition, and this may affect their willingness or confidence to talk about it. There is a need to better understand incontinence in LMICs, and how best to support people living with the condition to improve their quality of life. This requires having conversations with individuals that experience the condition, and with individuals who care for those who do: they will have the lived experiences of what it means to live with incontinence practically, emotionally and socially for them and their families. Living with incontinence can have a range of impacts on the people living with it and their carers. These include increased stress and distress; additional needs for water and soap; and restricted ability to join in community activities, school or work. Living with incontinence can also lead to a range of protection issues. The potential challenges that people face may be quite diverse and may vary between people and households. The checklist below, and corresponding page references to ‘Incontinence: We Need to Talk About Leaks’ can be used to increase your understanding of incontinence and the options available to support people living with the condition; and provide guidance on how to have conversations to understand how best to support people living with incontinence in your area.
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Rosato-Scott, Claire, Dani J. Barrington, Amita Bhakta, Sarah J. House, Islay Mactaggart, and Wilbur Jane. How to Talk About Incontinence: A Checklist. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2020.012.

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Incontinence is the medical term used to describe the involuntary loss of urine or faeces. Women, men, girls, boys and people of all genders, at any age, can experience incontinence. A person with incontinence can experience leakage occasionally, regularly or constantly; and leakage can happen at any time, day or night. A person may also experience leakage of urinary or faecal matter due to not being able to get to the toilet in time or not wanting to use the toilet facilities available. This is known as social, or functional, incontinence. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) understanding of incontinence is still in its early stages: the term ‘incontinence’ may not be known, knowledge of the condition is rare, and the provision of support is lacking. Those who experience incontinence may face stigma due to having the condition, and this may affect their willingness or confidence to talk about it. There is a need to better understand incontinence in LMICs, and how best to support people living with the condition to improve their quality of life. This requires having conversations with individuals that experience the condition, and with individuals who care for those who do: they will have the lived experiences of what it means to live with incontinence practically, emotionally and socially for them and their families. Living with incontinence can have a range of impacts on the people living with it and their carers. These include increased stress and distress; additional needs for water and soap; and restricted ability to join in community activities, school or work. Living with incontinence can also lead to a range of protection issues. The potential challenges that people face may be quite diverse and may vary between people and households. The checklist below, and corresponding page references to ‘Incontinence: We Need to Talk About Leaks’ can be used to increase your understanding of incontinence and the options available to support people living with the condition; and provide guidance on how to have conversations to understand how best to support people living with incontinence in your area.
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Child marriage briefing: Mali. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy19.1002.

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This brief provides an overview of child marriage as well as the particulars of child marriage in Mali. Mali is home to 11.6 million people, with 47 percent of its population under age 15. Approximately 73 percent of the population live on less than US$1 a day, and life expectancy is 45 years. Mali has one of the most severe crises of child marriage in the world today. The legal age of marriage is 18 for girls and 21 for boys, but girls may be married as early as age 15 with parental consent. For civil marriages, the law dictates that prospective spouses discuss and agree on whether their union will be polygynous or monogamous; however, a woman’s say in the matter is minimal given her limited options. The payment of bride price is recognized by law, promoting the perception that wives are the property of husbands. In addition, female genital circumcision affects nearly all Malian women, with 61 percent of circumcisions occurring before age 5. Included in this brief are recommendations to promote later, chosen, and legal marriage.
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