Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ailes oscillantes (Aérodynamique) – Essais'
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Lapointe, Simon. "Numerical study of self-sustained oscillations in transitional flows." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29262/29262.pdf.
Full textMétivier, Vincent. "Étude des oscillations auto-excitées d'un profil d'aile NACA 0012 à des nombres de Reynolds transitionnels." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28696/28696.pdf.
Full textBelleudy, Jacques. "Influence du couplage de variations de vitesse et d'incidence sur le décrochage dynamique d'un profil : application au rotor d'hélicoptère." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX22048.
Full textEldem, Nurcan Akgören. "Couche limite et sillage d'un profil d'aile muni d'un volet battant." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ESAE0016.
Full textPlourde, Campagna Marc-André. "Hydrolienne à Ailes Oscillantes : conception et modélisation physique et économique de la technologie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30072/30072.pdf.
Full textThis master’s thesis is part of a multidisciplinary project to develop a second generation of tidal oscillating wings turbine (HAO-2) at Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides Numérique (LMFN) from Laval University. This tidal turbine completely submerged is composed of four wings assembled on gravity-based structure. This work has two parts. The first one focuses on the hydraulic circuit design of the pitch-heave coupling and the energy extraction system. Proposed solutions and a vision of the HAO-2 will be presented in detail. An experimental apparatus is designed to reproduce the coupling circuit and simulate the motion and forces on a wing. It allows to demonstrate the developed system feasibility and determine its efficiency. Various actuators and seals are analyzed. Only components with the best performances are presented in this paper. For the coupling system, a maximum efficiency of 80% is measured. Hydraulic modeling necessary for the second phase of the project has also been calibrated on experimental data, especially, friction in seals. The second part treats the economic modeling of a tidal turbine farm at different scales and in different operating conditions. The program designs the turbine depending on the operating conditions, and then, it estimates the construction cost and it calculates the annual energy extracted. It also calculates the installation cost, the electricity infrastructure and their installation cost and finally the operation and maintenance cost (O&M) throughout the farm life time. The model also takes into account the value of money over time by using the net present value. For the cases comparison, the production cost (CP) and the energy cost (CE) are used. Several sensitivity analyses are carried out on the important parameters of the model. As would be expected, the construction cost and the O&M cost are key factors governing the energy cost of HAO. A particular site is studied, near the Isle-aux-Coudres, which a energy cost about 20 ¢/kWh is obtained for a farm with 80 HAO of 1.25MW each.
Lefrançois, Julie. "Optimisation du rendement d'une turbine multi-ailes à l'aide d'une méthode lagrangienne par particules vortex." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25539/25539.pdf.
Full textOlivier, Mathieu. "A fluid-structure interaction partitioned algorithm applied to flexible flapping wing propulsion." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25395.
Full textThis thesis concerns the study of flexible flapping wings and the related numerical methods. It thus contains two distinct themes. The first contribution is the implementation of an efficient fluid-structure interaction algorithm that handles the interaction of an elastic solid undergoing large displacement with an incompressible fluid. The algorithm is based on the partitioned approach and allows state-of-the-art fluid and structural solvers to be used. Stabilization with artificial compressibility in the fluid continuity equation along with judicious algorithmic choices make the method suitable to be used with SIMPLE or PISO projection fluid solvers. The second contribution is the study of the effects of wing flexibility in flapping flight. The different regimes, namely inertia-driven and pressure-driven wing deformations are presented along with their effects on the topology of the flow and, eventually, on the performance of the flapping wing in propulsion regime. It is found that pressure-driven deformations can increase the thrust efficiency if a suitable amount of flexibility is used. Thrust increases are also observed when small pitching amplitude cases are considered. On the other hand, inertia-driven deformations generally deteriorate aerodynamic performances of flapping wings unless meticulous timing is respected, making them less practical. It is also shown that wing flexibility can act as a passive pitching mechanism while keeping decent thrust and efficiency. Lastly, a freely-moving flexible flapping wing model is presented. It is shown that the deviation motion found in natural flyers is a consequence of a feathering mechanism.
Veilleux, Jean-Christophe. "Optimization of a Fully-Passive Flapping-Airfoil Turbine." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25229.
Full textCe mémoire concerne l'étude aéroélastique des oscillations auto-soutenues en pilonnementtangage d'une aile portante montée sur des supports élastiques et exposée à un écoulement. De telles oscillations pourraient être utilisées afin de développer un nouveau type de turbine hydrocinétique relativement simple d'un point de vue mécanique. Ceci est possible car les oscillations qui résultent de l'interaction fluide-structure entre l'écoulement, l'aile et ses supports élastiques sont entretenues par un transfert d'énergie de l'écoulement vers la structure. Dans cette étude numérique, le logiciel OpenFOAM-2.1.x est utilisé afin de résoudre le problème aéroélastique. À l'aide de simulations instationnaires en deux dimensions d'un écoulement visqueux à nombre de Reynolds de 500 000, ce type de turbine est optimisé et amplement étudié afin de développer une meilleure compréhension de la physique en jeu. Suite à une optimisation de la turbine à l'aide d'une méthode de type gradients, des efficacités relativement élevées ont été obtenues. En effet, le cas optimal qui est présenté dans cette étude a une efficacité qui est de l'ordre de 34%. Cela correspond à une efficacité relativement élevée lorsqu'elle est comparée à l'efficacité d'une turbine hydrolienne cinématiquement contrainte qui est de l'ordre de 43%. Il faut noter que la version pleinement passive est mécaniquement beaucoup plus simple que la version cinématiquement contrainte. Un tel avantage mécanique peut, en soi, justifier pleinement une efficacité légèrement plus faible. De plus, la solution optimisée proposée dans ce mémoire n'est certainement pas unique et ne correspond pas au seul extremum du vaste espace paramétrique. En fait, d'autres solutions efficaces sont présentées dans ce mémoire et une optimisation complète autour de ces solutions demeure toujours à être effectuée. Dans tous les cas, ces réesultats démontrent le grand potentiel d'utiliser des ailes oscillantes pleinement passives en guise d'hydroliennes efficaces. D'un point de vue physique, ce mémoire met en valeur que le phénomène d'oscillations de cycle limite auquel l'aile est sujette est le résultat d'un flottement de décrochage. Cela est ainsi en raison de la forte interaction entre l'aile et les tourbillons largués pendant le grand décrochage dynamique. En fait, c'est spécifiquement cette interaction entre l'aile et les vortex qui donne lieu au mouvement de tangage. De plus, deux mécanismes responsables des bonnes performances de la turbine ont été mis en valeur. Ces mécanismes sont la synchronisation adéquate entre les deux degrés de liberté, ainsi que le mouvement non sinusoïdal en tangage.
This master's thesis deals with an aeroelastic problem that consists into self-sustained, pitchheave oscillations of an elastically-mounted airfoil. Such oscillations of an airfoil could be used in order to develop a novel fully-passive flow harvester that is relatively simple from a mechanical point of view. Indeed, the motion of an airfoil that is elastically mounted emerges as a result of the fluid-structure interaction between the flow, the airfoil and its elastic supports, and is sustained through a transfer of energy from the flow to the structure. In this numerical study, the OpenFOAM-2.1.x CFD toolbox is used for solving the aeroelastic problem. Through unsteady two-dimensional viscous simulations at a Reynolds number of 500,000, such a fully-passive turbine is optimized and extensively investigated to develop a better comprehension of the physics at play. Following a gradient-like optimization of the turbine, relatively high efficiencies have been obtained. Indeed, the optimal case found in this numerical study has a two-dimensional efficiency in the range of 34%. This is fairly high when compared to the two-dimensional efficiency of a kinematically-constrained turbine, which is in the range of 43%. Further, the fully-passive version of the turbine is far less mechanically complex than its kinematicallyconstrained counterpart. Alone, such a mechanical advantage could justify the slightly lower efficiency of the fully-passive turbine. Nevertheless, the optimized solution suggested within this thesis is certainly not the only local extrema of the vast parametric space pertaining to the aeroelastic device. Other efficient cases have been found, and complete optimizations about these solutions still need to be achieved. Overall, the results demonstrate the great potential of using fully-passive, flapping airfoils as efficient hydrokinetic turbines. From a more physical perspective, this thesis highlights the fact that the airfoil is undergoing limit-cycle oscillations as a result of stall flutter. This is because the interaction between the airfoil and the vortices shed during the dynamic stall events is large. In fact, it is specifically this interaction that mostly accounts for the pitching motion of the airfoil. Further, two fundamental mechanisms have been found to be very beneficial for enhancing the performances of the turbine. These mechanisms are the adequate synchronization between both degrees-offreedom, and the nonsinusoidal shape of the pitching motion.
Jallas, Damien. "Stabilité d’écoulements de sillages périodiques générés par des ailes battantes." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30322.
Full textThe thesis investigates numerically the stability of time-periodic wake flows generated by flapping wings and aims at explaining three phenomena that have been observed experimentally or simulated numerically : (i) the deviation of propulsive wakes behind a flapping wing with zero mean angle, (ii) the quasi-periodic flows around flapping wings with non zero mean angle, and (iii) the self-propulsion of heaving symmetric wings in a quiescent fluid. All these phenomena are related to the existence of instabilities of timeperiodic base flows. Original methods are developed to compute unstable time-periodic flows that satisfy the spatio-temporal symmetries imposed by the wings kinematics. The stability analysis of these time-periodic base flows are then determined by computing the Floquet multiplier and corresponding modes. In addition to the linear stability analysis, the knowledge of time-periodic base flows allows to investigate the non-linear saturation of these perturbations. In each case, the influence of the instabilities developing in the wake-flows on the flapping wing performances are discussed
Morissette, Jean-François. "Simulations aéroélastiques d'ailes oscillantes multi-segments par méthode vortex." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26793/26793.pdf.
Full textMarais, Catherine. "Dynamique tourbillonnaire dans le sillage d'un aileron oscillant : Propulsion par ailes battantes biomimétiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00584901.
Full textBrousseau, Paul. "Modélisation numérique d'une structure oscillante en tangage et pilonnement, avec prise en compte de l'interaction Fluide-Structure." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC221.
Full textAs policies to fight greenhouse gas emissions are more and more demanding and as the global energy demand is constantly increasing, renewable energies are currently seen as an important contribution to the global energy mix. Among them, tidal energy has the advantage of a perfectly known and highly predictable intermittency. The present work is part of the PoHyCA (Hydrodynamic Pump for Air Compression) project led by Segula Technologies, consisting in the realization of an innovative hydrodynamic pump for air compression and storage. The final objective is the production of electrical energy. PoHyCA technology captures the energy of sea currents using an oscillating hydrofoil that moves under the effect of hydrodynamic forces from the surrounding flow. This work focus on the evaluation of the dynamics of the deformable hydrofoil. A fluid-structure interaction (FSI) approach, using an implicit coupling scheme, is implemented to account for the deformations of the structure, induced by hydrodynamic forces. The numerical model also takes into account the large pitching and heaving displacements of the structure. It is first applied to a rigid oscillating plate experimentally documented in the literature, and similar results are obtained. We show that the flexibility of the profile leads in particular to a reduction in propulsion capability. The model is then applied to a hydrofoil subjected to an oscillating heaving and pitching motion. We show that in certain configurations, blade deformations can improve energy efficiency
Costa, Sylvain. "Développement d'un récupérateur d'énergie oscillant." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ESMA0011/document.
Full textEnergy harvesting is a common process presents in so many ways in nature. Fishes and birds use for example their surroundings in order to produce propulsion without any effort. The focus of this thesis is to design a hydro-aéro-elastic harvester based on these dynamics. The fluid-structure interaction is introduced to explain the energy supply of the concept. An oscillating-wing-mechanism is theoretically and numerically developed in the aim to investigate the behavior of the marine-wind turbine. The energetic efficiency is then maximized by the asymmetric oscillations relative to the fluid-structure coupling. Note that the non-symmetric characteristic of the oscillation is included in the theory of Couchet which completes the unsteady aerodynamic theory of Theodorsen. Unusual high performances of the oscillating harvester suggest some apprehensions reading the efficiency’s definition. Indeed, the hydro-aéro-elastic harvester optimization can be achieved ether by increasing the power output or by decreasing the power available in the fluid artificially modified by the sweep section of the foil. These uncertainties are resolved by considering another definition of the energetic efficiency which is developed according to the theory of Couchet. The performance analysis of the new factor presents the contribution of the wake induced by the asymmetric oscillation of the foil on the energy harvesting quantities
Nyirumulinga, Yohann. "Etude expérimentale de l'aéroélasticité d'une plaque oscillante impactée par une batterie de jets turbulents." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2010CNAM0764.
Full textAeroelastic instabilities of steel strips impinged by arrays of cooling gas jets have becomeone of the main issues in cooling sections of continuous annealing lines. Indeed, the new steeltreatments require very high temperature variation rates which involve increases in jetvelocities that are likely to onset some aeroelastic instabilities. Strip flutter and divergencehave already been observed and identified. These two aeroelastic instabilities imply a strongrisk of contact with the blowing boxes, which can seriously blemish the strip.An experimental test rig was designed and built in order to analyze and predict of theseinstabilities. From observations, the strip’s structural dynamics was simulated by a rigidrotation mode. The rig included a forced oscillating plate which is impinged by an array ofaxisymmetric jets having the exact industrial geometry. The plate was instrumented withpressure sensors to measure the steady and unsteady surface pressures. The impingement ofinteracting jets creates very large pressure gradients on the plate and therefore a tight mesh ofpressure taps (91 over an 18cm² jet impingement surface) was necessary to allow a goodestimation of the aerodynamic loads The plate could also be moved in the three coordinatedirections as to obtain surface mappings of the unsteady jet forces and aeroelastic coefficientscan be obtained over a wide area and different jet-to-plate distances.The variation of the impinging aerodynamic forces was established as a function of the jetto-plate distance for different nozzle geometries. These results were used to determine the jetstatic stability in plunging motion. Velocity and turbulence measurements in free jets werecarried out using hot wire anemometry in order to determine their statistical properties.Aeroelastic coefficient measurements were carried out on the oscillating plate with onlyone nozzle geometry and different reduced velocities. Results show that the plate’s stability ismainly dependent on the boundary effects. Post processing methods are suggested in order toapply the results to larger plates. Results are compared to the data of Regardin et al. (réf. [1])and emphasize some discrepancies with respect to the real case. Finally some improvementsto the test-rig are suggested for it to be more representative of the industrial situation
Jodin, Gurvan. "Hybrid electroactive morphing at real scale - application to Airbus A320 wings." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/19489/1/JODIN_1.pdf.
Full textNguyên, Van Tuê. "Calcul de pression et d'efforts sur un profil en mouvement : application aux systèmes de récupération d'énergie." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT2263/document.
Full textThe determination of the pressure field in a flow and/or forces on a moving profile from measurements of velocities carried out in the fluid is a current problem that is of interest to many domains of research in fluid mechanics like the energy recovery systems (wind, hydro) or the speed control of hydraulic turbines, etc…In this PhD thesis, we make a contribution to this problem by initially proposing an original method which allows us to approach unsteady velocity fields in the whole of the flow obtained by PIV optical measurements (including the profile) using Legendre's orthogonal polynomial theory. The Navier-Stokes equations then make it possible to obtain polynomial pressure gradients in the whole of the fluid and thus to be able to calculate the pressure field in the flow by using the momentum balance equation in a judiciously chosen reference range, to determine the forces on an oscillating mobile profile. This method is then validated on a fixed profile using numerically simulated data and experimental data.In a second step, from series of flow PIV measurements on a NACA0015 profile subjected to different types of oscillations, we apply the method described above to reconstruct the unsteady pressure fields and to evaluate the instantaneous and average forces on the profile. The study of a certain number of ranges of frequencies and amplitudes makes it possible to compare our results, in order to seek a better efficiency