Academic literature on the topic 'Ainu'

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Journal articles on the topic "Ainu"

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Xiong, Xiaoli. "Origins of the Ainu Religious Conversion at Hokkaido in Japan." Communications in Humanities Research 5, no. 1 (September 14, 2023): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/5/20230264.

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The Ainus in Japan were the indigenous people who lived in Northern Japan and Russia. Before the Russian and Japanese arrived in Japan, the Ainu people had their own culture, rituals and values. In their culture, natural spirits exist everywhere. This view is often referred to as Kamui. However, recent studies have shown that the majority of the Ainu community nowadays do not believe in their native religion. Instead, they are mostly believers of Shintoism and Buddhism. This paper traces the origin of the Ainu religion and how the primary religion of the Ainu community has changed to todays situation. The study relies mainly on existing literature. By analyzing interviews, journal articles, and books, the paper seeks to provide a new perspective in understanding the Ainu religion and the influence of religion among indigenous people.
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Dossova, A., and K. M. Ilyassova. "Study of Ains in Japan by John Batcheler." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.Political Science. Regional Studies. Oriental Studies. Turkology Series. 142, no. 1 (2023): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6887/2023-142-1-271-280.

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This article represents the everyday life and work of the British missionary John Batchelor, the founder of Ainu studies. In his mature years, John Batchelor (1854-1944) moved to Japan, where he studied the origins, traditions, religious beliefs, and culture of the Ainu. Born in England, Batchelor professes Christianity, so he decides to go to the Hakodate Anglican Church in Hokkaido, Japan. Having started his missionary activity in this country, John masters the local Japanese and Ainu languages. Thus, a missionary settled in Hokkaido studied the daily life of the Ainu assimilated by the Japanese. As a result, he opens the Airui-Gakkou school for the Ainu, and is working on the book «Japan’s Ainu». As a result, the Hokkaido Government Office publishes the Ainu-English-Japanese Dictionary at its own expense. Then a translation of the New Testament is published. In his book In the Footsteps of the Ainu, John says that the Ainu language has fallen into disuse and has become obsolete as the Japanese have replaced it. He also collects interesting materials and describes different stories from the everyday history life of the Ainu in his work «The Life and Education of the Ainu», published in English. Returning to England, D. Batchelor completes his fourth edition of the Aino-English-Japanese Dictionary. When Japan- United Kingdom relations began to escalate, John decided to leave Japan. Thus, his missionary activity smoothly flows into research. He spends his whole life in Japan, fighting for the rights and freedom of the Ainu people. In addition, the article discusses the circumstances that prompted Batchelor to study the Ainu. Later, his «English-Ainu» dictionary becomes an indispensable basis for many Japanese and foreign linguists. An important role in the fate of the Ainu was played by the book «Ainu and Folklore». As a result, the problem of the Ainu became known to the whole world, the people were taken under the care of the UN. The article also included direct statements by D. Batchelor, a critic of the linguist-anthropologist Chiri Mashiho.
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Fujie, Linda, Kazuyuki Tanimoto, and Jean-Jacques Nattiez. "Ainu Songs Japan/Chants des Ainou Japon." Ethnomusicology 29, no. 1 (1985): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/852337.

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Maruyama, Hiroshi. "Japan's post-war Ainu policy. Why the Japanese Government has not recognised Ainu indigenous rights?" Polar Record 49, no. 2 (September 17, 2012): 204–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003224741200040x.

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ABSTRACTIn 1946, the Ainu Association of Hokkaido was established by the Ainu to reclaim their lands. The 1970s and 80s saw that the association successfully put pressure on the Hokkaido Prefectural Government to take social welfare measures for the improvement of their life and make a new law counter to the Hokkaido Former Aborigines Protection Act. In 1997 the Japanese Government enacted the so-called New Ainu Law. However, it is totally different from the original draft made by the Ainu. The law does not designate the Ainu as indigenous people. Further, it is outstripped by the decision of Nibutani Dam Case that, for the first time in Japanese history, recognised Ainu right to culture and indigenousness in Japanese territory. In 2008 the Japanese Government finally recognised the Ainu as indigenous people in the wake of the UN Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. However, the Ainu do not yet have any indigenous rights. This note chronologically outlines Japan's post-war Ainu policy, and moreover explores who and what has influenced Ainu policy and the law.
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Tamura, Yurika. "Rehumanizing Ainu." Meridians 23, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 210–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15366936-10926952.

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Abstract This article argues that many contemporary female Ainu performance-activists from the Ainu community of Japan, including a performance scene led by Ainu huci (female elders) at an Ainu cultural education center in Sapporo, Japan, engage in performance of desubjectification, which emphasizes the sameness of their humanity with the dominant Japanese rather than arguing for Ainu ethnic difference or their colonial history. At first glance, their performance and iterations seem detached from the discourse of Indigenous resistance. However, this article demonstrates how such iteration of singularity—sameness—derives from a particular Ainu colonial history and argues that their performance critically eschews colonial and imperial ideas of authenticity, ethnic difference, and the universal human. In doing so, the Ainu performance scene in this article presents itself as a theoretical performance activism against the Western (and Japanese imperial) notion of Indigenous peoples as less-than-human. By using bodies, sound, and sensations, these performers define Ainu Indigeneity in their own terms, and achieve an Ainu Indigenous critique of the “human,” the concept that is built on exclusion and marginalization of ethnic minorities and colonized subjects.
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Uzawa, Kanako. "What does Ainu cultural revitalisation mean to Ainu and Wajin youth in the 21st century? Case study of Urespa as a place to learn Ainu culture in the city of Sapporo, Japan." AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples 15, no. 2 (June 2019): 168–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1177180119846665.

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This article illustrates living experiences of Ainu cultural practices by the students of Urespa. Urespa is a self-motivated, non-profit social initiative or association founded in 2010 by Professor Honda Yuko at Sapporo University with the aim of bringing Ainu and Wajin students together in a curriculum-based environment to co-learn the Ainu language and Ainu cultural practices. In the Ainu language, urespa means “growing together”. The article draws on the author’s fieldwork with Urespa in Sapporo, Hokkaido, in 2016 in focusing on a new way of practising Ainu culture in an urban setting in the 21st century. The article, therefore, focuses on Ainu cultural revitalisation, everyday cultural practices, and on how it plays out within Urespa in a context of decolonisation and self-determination in Japan.
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Maruyama, Hiroshi. "Revitalisation of Ainu Culture and Protection of their Right to Culture: Learning from Norwegian Sami Experiences." Yearbook of Polar Law Online 5, no. 1 (2013): 547–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116427-91000136.

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Abstract The Ainu people in Japan have been deprived of their land, culture and language in the wake of the ruthless assimilation policy of Japan and their forcible relocation of them from the Kurile Islands and Sakhalin to Hokkaido. In June 2008, the Ainu were ultimately recognized as indigenous people by the Japanese Government, but their right to culture is not protected by the Japanese legal system. In fact, the Ainu still suffer from the losses of their traditional culture and moreover, are excluded from the decision making process in matters affecting them. Nevertheless, the Ainu have been trying to revitalise their culture as a right belonging to them – a right recognized by international human rights law. This paper examines Ainu traditional knowledge and the current situation of grain cultivation that was prevalent among the Ainu living in the Saru River Basin and its surroundings in Hokkaido before the assimilation policy. Further, the paper explores Ainu right to culture, both from a human rights standpoint and an environmental rights point of view using international treaties and the relevant instruments. In addressing this question, the paper aims to compare the Ainu perspective with that of Norwegian Sami.
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Laksmita Sari, Ida Ayu. "Antara Teks dan Praktik: Ritual Iomante pada Cerita Rakyat Ainu Jepang." Mudra Jurnal Seni Budaya 34, no. 2 (May 22, 2019): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31091/mudra.v34i2.702.

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Masyarakat Ainu, penduduk asli Jepang yang selama ratusan tahun sempat termaginalkan, kaya akan budaya yang terus dilestarikan antara lain melalui aktivitas ritual dan cerita rakyat. Salah satu ritual penting yang muncul berulang dalam cerita rakyat Ainu adalah iomante (iyomante), ritual pengembalian arwah beruang ke alam dewa. Makalah ini menganalisis hubungan antara praktik ritual dengan teks cerita tentang iomante. Analisis difokuskan pada bagaimana ritual iomante dilukiskan dalam cerita rakyat, mengapa iomante muncul berulang dalam cerita-cerita rakyat Ainu, dan apa hubungan antara cerita rakyat iomante dengan praktik ritual iomante yang digelar masyarakat Ainu dewasa ini. Objek dari penelitian ini diambil dari cerita rakyat yang terkumpul dalam buku antologi cerita rakyat Ainu Ainu Mukashi Banashi: Hitotsubu no Satciporo dengan editor Kayano Shigeru (1993). Data dikaji dengan teori sosiologi sastra dan teori semiotika. Teori sosiologi sastra menganalisis cerita sebagai refleksi kehidupan sosial budaya masyarakat, sedangkan teori semiotika digunakan untuk mengkaji simbol-simbol dalam cerita rakyat secara denotatif, konotatif dan mitos atau ideologi. Makalah ini menyimpulkan bahwa pelukisan ritual iomante dalam cerita rakyat Ainu menjadi wadah bagi masyarakat untuk ideologisasi tradisi budaya, sementara praktik ritual iomante dewasa ini mengalami penambahan fungsi dari sebatas fungsi spiritual dengan fungsi festival, khususnya ketika ritual dipromosikan sebagai daya tarik pariwisata etnik yang dikembangkan masyarakat Ainu.
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Izutsu, Katsunobu. "Moving event and moving participant in aspectual conceptions." Lege Artis 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 116–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lart-2016-0003.

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Abstract This study advances an analysis of the event conception of aspectual forms in four East Asian languages: Ainu, Japanese, Korean, and Ryukyuan. As earlier studies point out, event conceptions can be divided into two major types: the moving-event type and the moving-participant type, respectively. All aspectual forms in Ainu and Korean, and most forms in Japanese and Ryukyuan are based on that type of event conception. Moving-participant oriented Ainu and movingevent oriented Japanese occupy two extremes, between which Korean and Ryukyuan stand. Notwithstanding the geographical relationships among the four languages, Ryukyuan is closer to Ainu than to Korean, whereas Korean is closer to Ainu than to Japanese.
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Klimova, O. V. "The interpreters of Ainu language in the lands of Ezo in the 17<sup>th</sup> – 18<sup>th</sup> centuries (based on Japanese archive materials)." Japanese Studies in Russia, no. 4 (January 18, 2024): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.55105/2500-2872-2023-4-53-64.

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This article, based on Japanese sources, discusses the question of how the Ainu language interpreters’ guild was formed, what functions translators performed, and how their status changed in the period from the 17th to the 18th centuries. During this time, Japan pursued the policy of self-isolation, and all contacts with the outside world were closely controlled by the government. However, in the places where contact with foreign culture did occur, interpreters were needed. So, there were interpreters of Chinese, Korean, and Dutch languages. In the island of Hokkaido, where trade with the local Ainu took place, the interpreters of Ainu language were needed. In this article, the history of Ainu language interpreters and their first appearance is researched based on Japanese archive materials. The research also focuses on the functions the interpreters performed and their status in Japanese society at the time. There was a separate category of interpreters of the Ainu language in Matsumae, who were involved exclusively in important official events of the Matsumae clan. Their functions and positions in society, as well as the first mentions of Ainu language experts who succeeded in their profession, are also examined in detail. Particular attention is paid to the status and functions of the interpreters of the Ainu language in Ezo at the beginning of the 18th century, when a new basho trading system was introduced in Japan. The subject of the Ezo interpreters’ level of command of the Ainu language is also in the focus of the research. The study mentions the attempts to compile the first dictionaries of the Ainu language and the difficulties that came with it. The author concludes that the functions of interpreters of the Ainu language have undergone tremendous changes. In the 17th century, the services of interpreters were used only for the occasions of trade, as well as ceremonies of welcoming or escorting a ship. By the end of the 18th century, they stood at the forefront of the Japanese control of the Ainu. Their rights and obligations were so extensive that, in fact, they, as representatives of local authorities, completely controlled the Ainu people.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ainu"

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Iori, Matteo. "Gli Ainu del Giappone." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16083/.

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La tesi tratta della storia, della lingua e della cultura del gruppo etnico degli Ainu indigeno del Giappone e della Russia. Questo popolo dalle origini sconosciute abitava in Giappone prima che i discendenti dei giapponesi vi arrivassero. Dopo numerose battaglie contro il nemico giapponese che mira all'espansione nell'isola di Hokkaido, anticamente chiamata Ezogashima (isola dei barbari), questi, che sul piano militare erano più arretrati, si ritrovarono improvvisamente a dover condividere la loro terra con un popolo che li voleva eliminare. Gli Ainu si videro lentamente portare via i loro diritti sulle risorse dell'isola e furono costretti ad abbandonare il loro stile di vita, diventando schiavi del sistema capitalistico giapponese. Il governo giapponese poi iniziò ad attuare delle politiche con lo scopo di assimilare questo popolo: gli Ainu non potevano più cacciare e pescare liberamente, non potevano perpetuare alcune delle loro tradizioni e parlare la loro lingua, dovevano adottare nomi giapponesi e ricevere un'istruzione esclusivamente in lingua giapponese La vera svolta storica per gli Ainu si ebbe con l'elezione a membro del parlamento nel 1994 di Shigeru Kayano, il primo Ainu ad essere mai stato eletto, che avviò delle politiche di sensibilizzazione e cercò di far valere i diritti degli Ainu. Da quel momento, la situazione andò migliorando gradualmente fino alla svolta decisiva: in seguito alla dichiarazione dell'ONU nella quale si riconoscevano pieni diritti ai popoli indigeni, il Giappone decise finalmente di ufficializzare il loro status a aborigeni originari di Hokkaido. Da quel momento in poi, il governo giapponese avviò delle riforme volte alla rivitalizzazione e alla preservazione della lingua e delle tradizioni ainu.
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Teshima, Takemasa. "Toward the shattering of the myth of the mono-ethnic state : Japan, the Ainu, and the rights of indigenous peoples /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10708.

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Aakre, Bjørn Magne. "Ainu A culture of silence?" 名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科 技術・職業教育学研究室, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/12377.

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Tajima, Masakazu. "Complex predicate formation in Ainu." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56904.

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Lexicalists assume that words with derivational morphology and compound words are not formed by syntactic transformation (Selkirk, 1982). The Lexicalist Hypothesis implies that the principles of universal grammar are not operative to word formation.
This thesis argues that a word is composed of lexical constituents and post-lexical constituents, and that the post-lexical constituents can incorporate into a verb, to form the complex predicate. This formational process is subject to syntactic constraints and principles. Therefore, I claim that the principles of universal grammar are also operative to word formation. This hypothesis will throw a new light upon the area of language acquisition of complex predicates.
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Fukasawa, Yuriko. "Ainu archaeology as ethnohistory : iron technology among the Saru Ainu of Hokkaido in the 17th century." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272749.

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Fukasawa, Yuriko. "Ainu archaeology as ethnohistory : iron technology among the Saru Ainu of Hokkaido, Japan, in the 17th century /." Oxford : J. & E. Hedges : Archaeopress, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370812928.

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Yaguchi, Yujin. "The Ainu in United States-Japan relations." W&M ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539720321.

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This study reevaluates the significance of the Ainu in U.S.-Japan relations. Specifically, the study emphasizes a trilateral configuration of relations among the Japanese, Americans, and the Ainu in Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan, in the period since the middle of the nineteenth century. By analyzing a wide range of documentary, visual, and material sources available in the United States and Japan, the study discusses specific connections that existed between the Ainu, Americans, and the Japanese in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Some were direct encounters. Other forms of relationship involved indirect connections. These encounters affected the social and historical consciousness of the Japanese and Americans in the past and which continue to do so today.;By reclaiming the presence of the Ainu in the vision of the past, this dissertation enlarges the terrain of the intercultural history of the United States and Japan. It recognizes the Ainu as a significant third party in third history of U.S.-Japan relations and questions the conventional historical framework used in the understanding of the U.S.-Japan relationship, a framework which has marginalized and even excluded the Ainu. By inserting the Ainu into our constructions of past and present human relationships in Hokkaido, the dissertation complicate and problematizes the very framework of the conventional understanding of the relationship between the two nations by pointing to the integral role the Ainu have continuously played on the various stages of cultural interaction in the northern island of Japan.
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Sinatra, Natalia Francesca <1995&gt. "AINU MOSIR: IL LUNGO CAMMINO VERSO IL RICONOSCIMENTO GIURIDICO DELLO STATUS DI INDIGENOUS PEOPLE E LA TEORIZZAZIONE DELLA “NAZIONE AINU”." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15969.

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L’elaborato si propone di presentare un’analisi approfondita dei percorsi storici e legislativi riguardanti la comunità Ainu, popolazione indigena del Giappone. In una prima fase si è ripercorsa la lunga storia della popolazione Ainu, a partire dai suoi albori nell’isola dello Hokkaidō, chiamata Ezochi dai giapponesi del tempo, accennando alle complesse origini genetiche di questo gruppo etnico. Successivamente si è analizzato il complesso rapporto instauratosi tra le comunità locali e i colonizzatori Wajin, termine utilizzato per distinguere la maggioranza etnicamente giapponese. Si è dunque descritta l’istituzione sistematica di un sistema atto a sfruttare la manodopera Ainu, con le conseguenze disastrosamente note per lo sviluppo sociale ed economico della comunità. La prima parte di questa analisi si è conclusa con un accenno ai primi movimenti associazionisti del ventesimo secolo, così come alle proteste giovanili e le spinte riformiste degli anni sessanta e settanta del Novecento. In seconda analisi si è deciso di approfondire la descrizione di alcuni testi legislativi ritenuti complementari all’analisi storica precedentemente descritta; sono stati analizzati l’Atto di Protezione degli Ex-nativi dello Hokkaidō del 1899, la sentenza della Corte di Sapporo sulla diga Nibutani del 1997 e la conseguente Legge a Protezione della Cultura Ainu. I testi sono stati descritti da un punto di vista sia sincronico che diacronico, evidenziando sì la loro struttura e composizione in maniera di disposizioni, ma anche la funzione storico-sociale da essi svolta una volta collocati nel proprio panorama storico-legislativo. Da ultimo si è svolta una analisi degli ultimi eventi politico-legislativi riguardanti la comunità, con particolare attenzione alla ricezione da parte del Giappone della Dichiarazione dei Diritti dei Popoli Indigeni (UN), e alla promulgazione della Ainu Shinpō, datata maggio 2019.
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Ogawa, Masashi, and 小川正志. "Revival of cultural tradition amongst two ethnic minorities: Ainu in Japan and aborigines in Taiwan." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31950851.

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Frey, Christopher J. "Ainu schools and education policy in nineteenth-century Hokkaido, Japan." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3292445.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, 2007.
Title from dissertation home page (viewed May 28, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-11, Section: A, page: 4636. Adviser: Heidi Ross.
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Books on the topic "Ainu"

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Chŏng, Yŏn-hŭi. Ainu, Ainu. Sŏul: Kŭmbak Chʻulpʻansa, 1986.

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Chŏng, Yŏn-hŭi. Ainu, ainu. [Korea?]: International Cultural Society of Korea, 1989.

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Chung, Yeun-Hee. Ainu, ainu. Seoul: International Cultural Society of Korea, 1989.

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Ikeda, Hiroshi. Ainu. Tōkyō: Ritorumoa, 2019.

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Ōtsuka, Kazuyoshi. Ainu moshiri: Minzoku monʼyō kara mita Ainu no sekai = Ainu moshir. Suita-shi: Kokuritsu Minzokugaku Hakubutsukan, 1993.

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Irimoto, Takashi. Ainu bibliography. Sapporo-shi: Hokkaidō Daigaku, 1992.

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Arai, Genjirō. Ainu jinbutsuden. Sapporo-shi: Katō Yoshio, 1992.

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Irimoto, Takashi. Ainu bibliography. Sapporo, Japan: Hokkaido University, 1992.

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Adalbert, Dettmer Hans, Kindaichi Kyōsuke, and Chiri Mashiho 1909-1961, eds. Ainu-Grammatik. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1989.

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Horiuchi, Akihiko. Ainu no inori. Tōkyō-to Chiyoda-ku: Kyūryūdō, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ainu"

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Dougherty, Thomas. "Ainu." In Language Isolates, 100–116. First edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2017. | Series: Routledge language family series: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315750026-4.

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Fukazawa, Mika. "Ainu language and Ainu speakers." In Routledge Handbook of Japanese Sociolinguistics, 3–24. New York, NY : Routledge, [2019]: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315213378-1.

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Mason, Michele M. "Writing Ainu Out." In Dominant Narratives of Colonial Hokkaido and Imperial Japan, 57–81. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137330888_3.

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Okazaki, Takayuki. "Ainu language shift." In Routledge Handbook of Japanese Sociolinguistics, 354–69. New York, NY : Routledge, [2019]: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315213378-23.

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Saito, Sayaka. "Ainu: “Homogenous” Japan’s Indigenous People." In Children’s Images of Identity, 131–47. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-124-3_10.

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Bugaeva, Anna. "Speech report constructions in Ainu." In Subordination and Coordination Strategies in North Asian Languages, 17–29. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.300.04bug.

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Kato, Hirofumi. "Archaeological heritage and Hokkaido Ainu." In Archaeologies of “Us” and “Them”, 218–32. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017. | Series: Routledge studies in archaeology ; 24: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315641997-19.

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Shiraishi, Hidetoshi. "Ainu." In Language Communities in Japan, 68–76. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198856610.003.0007.

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Ainu is an indigenous, urban/rural language with numerous dialects, located mostly on Japan’s northern island of Hokkaido. There is no clear diachronic grouping of Ainu with other languages. Ainu is traditionally an oral culture: literacy in Ainu by Ainu began in the nineteenth century through Anglican mission schools. Awareness of Ainu is increasing in Japanese society with the naming of commercial facilities and as a motif in pop subculture. Ainu language ceremonies and commemorative rituals are held regularly and Ainu is studied and taught in several higher education institutions in Japan. Despite political innovation, discrimination against the Ainu is deeply rooted. Governmental recognition of Ainu culture as ‘Important Intangible Folk Property’ and other official measures coincided with a vibrant and ongoing cultural revival movement.
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Shibatani, M. "Ainu." In Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics, 133–35. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-044854-2/04379-0.

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"Ainu." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology, 25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58292-0_10223.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ainu"

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Nan, Zhu, and Ying Tan. "Racial Issues of the Ainu in Japan." In 2021 4th International Conference on Humanities Education and Social Sciences (ICHESS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211220.208.

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Listiani, Wanda, and Ida Ayu Laksmita Sari. "Visual Reception of Ainu Folklore Hima Na Konabe." In 2nd International Conference on Arts and Design Education (ICADE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200321.069.

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Чекункова, Екатерина. "THE SHAPING OF AINU IDENTITY IN CONTEMPORARY JAPANESE SOCIETY." In HISTORICAL EVENTS AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF ETHNIC IDENTITY: a collection of materials of the seminar held within the framework of the All-Russian Youth Scientific School-Conference. Baskir State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33184/iskffei-2022-03-17.10.

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Liu, Limei. "THE PROJECTION OF THE NATIONAL INTEGRATION AND COLONIAL HISTORY: THE IMPLIED MEANING OF THE IMAGE OF “MOUNTAIN PEOPLE” IN THE LEGENDS OF TŌNO." In 10th International Conference "Issues of Far Eastern Literatures (IFEL 2022)". St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063770.36.

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The Legends of Tōno by Yanagita Kunio (1875–1962) is considered to be a Japanese folklore classic and an excellent literary work as well. This fact caused a long-standing debate about the “authenticity” and “fictionality” of this work. This article analyzes the key part of the book — the “mountain people” series of stories, and finds that this image has three prototypes in the real world: monsters in folk belief, the Ainu people of Japan, and the indigenous peoples of colonial Taiwan. This article further analyzes Yanagida Kunio’s attitude towards Japanese colonialism and finds that he fundamentally opposed the barbarism of Japanese colonialism. In the text of The Legends of Tōno, the author arranged three narrative models of the “mountain people scare the villagers” and finally constructed a holistic literary narrative logic, showing the ideal model of peaceful coexistence between lowlanders and mountain people, or colonizers and indigenous peoples.
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KONDO, OSAMU. "An Application of Fourier Transform of Two-dimensional Images: A Case Study of Human Vertebral Tuberculosis of Hokkaido Ainu." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814518413_0006.

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"AINA 2013 Reviewers." In 2013 IEEE 27th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aina.2013.167.

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"AINS 2018 Organizing Committee." In 2018 IEEE Conference on Application, Information and Network Security (AINS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ains.2018.8631469.

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"AINS 2020 Copyright Page." In 2020 IEEE Conference on Application, Information and Network Security (AINS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ains50155.2020.9315150.

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"AINS 2020 Cover Page." In 2020 IEEE Conference on Application, Information and Network Security (AINS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ains50155.2020.9315106.

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"AINA 2013 Organizing Committee." In 2013 IEEE 27th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aina.2013.165.

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Reports on the topic "Ainu"

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Braytenbah, Jeffrey. Crania Japonica: Ethnographic Portraiture, Scientific Discourse, and the Fashioning of Ainu/Japanese Colonial Identities. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.7229.

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Harris, D. C., and D. F. Sangster. Minor element content of sphalerite, Nanisivik lead-ainc deposit, NWT. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/133338.

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Interrante, L. V. Preparation of Sic/AIN Solid Solutions Using Organometallic Precursors. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada206998.

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Xing, Huili G., and Debdeep Jena. Ultrascaled AIN/GaN HEMT Technology for mm-wave RT Applications. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada538446.

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PIMA COUNTY COMMUNITY COLL TUCSON AZ. Pima Community College Planning Grant for Autonomous Intelligent Network of Systems (AINS) Science, Mathematics and Engineering Education Center. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada444196.

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Davis, R. F., H. H. Lamb, and S. T. Tsong. Selected Energy Epitaxial Deposition and Low Energy Electron Microscopy of AIN, GaN and SiC Thin Films. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada353949.

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Cerio, Frank. Development of Production PVD-AIN Buffer Layer System and Processes to Reduce Epitaxy Costs and Increase LED Efficiency. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1111425.

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Sultan, Maheen, and Pragyna Mahpara. Countering Backlash in the Implementation of Bangladesh's Domestic Violence Act. Countering Backlash and Institute of Development Studies, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/backlash.2023.004.

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Domestic violence rates are high in Bangladesh in spite of laws such as the Nari o Shishu Nirjatan Domon Ain and the DVPPA 2010. According to data from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, almost three in every five women (57.7%) have experienced some form of physical, sexual, or emotional violence in their lifetime. While the formulation and enactment of the DVPPA in 2010 was an achievement for the government, especially the Ministry of Women and Children Affairs that proposed it and the coalition for domestic violence known as the Citizens Initiative against Domestic Violence (CIDV) that championed it, subsequent experience of implementation has been less positive. This policy briefing outlines details, key messages and recommendations from research into the implementation of the DVPPA conducted in 2022 by the BRAC Institute of Governance and Development (BIGD), BRAC University, as part of the “Countering Backlash: Reclaiming Gender Justice” programme hosted at the Institute of Development Studies, funded by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) programme, and supported by the Swedish Government.
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Toivonen, Tuuli, Aina Brias Guinart, Johanna Eklund, Matti Hästbacka, Tatu Leppämäki, and Jussi Torkko. Muutokset luontovierailuissa ja mobiilien massadatojen mahdollisuudet kävijäseurannassa : Raportti MOBICON-hankkeen työpajasta Helsingissä 28.9.2023. Digital Geography Lab, University of Helsinki, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31885/2024.030502.

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Changes in nature visitation and the potential of mobile big data for visitor monitoring -työpaja järjestettiin Helsingissä 28.9.2023. Työpaja toteutettiin osana Koneen Säätiön rahoittamaa viisivuotista MOBICON-tutkimushanketta (Mobile Big Data for Understanding People in Nature - Detecting short and long term changes and their implications for biodiversity conservation). Työpajan tavoitteena oli kartoittaa asiantuntijoiden kanssa luonnon virkistyskäytön muutoksia, seurannan tietotarpeita, sekä pohtia erilaisten uusien tietolähteiden mahdollisuuksia näihin tietotarpeisiin vastaamiseen. Paikalla oli kahdeksan luonnon virkistyskäytön asiantuntijaa eri organisaatioista (Metsähallitus, Helsingin kaupunki, Uudenmaan virkistysalueyhdistys Uuvi ja Suomen Latu r.y.). Heille oli ennakkoon lähetetty kysely päivän teemoista. Keskustelu eteni kyselyn tuloksista syvällisempään keskusteluun aihealueittain. Alla käymme aihealueitten keskeiset tulokset läpi teemoittain. Luonnon virkistyskäytön nähtiin olevan muutoksessa. Virkistyskäyttö yhtäältä lisääntyy ja sen ajalliset rytmit muuttuvat. Toisaalta kävijäkunta monimuotoistuu yleisen yhteiskunnan monimuotoistumisen seurauksena ja uudenlaisten ihmisten löytäessä luonnon äärelle. Myös aktiviteetit ja tavat olla luonnossa moninaistuvat. Keskustelussa muutoksia lähestyttiin neljän megatrendin kautta (yhteiskunnalliset, ympäristölliset, poliittiset ja teknologiset muutokset). Näistä yhteiskunnalliset ja ympäristölliset muutosajurit nähtiin tärkeimmiksi. Yhteiskunnallisissa muutoksissa tunnistettiin erityisesti ikääntymisen ja luontokävijöiden moninaistumisen tuoma muutos. Ympäristöllisistä tekijöistä ilmastonmuutos oli ilman muuta merkityksellisin, sekä luontoa, että ihmisten toimintaa muuttavana tekijänä. Poliittisista muutosajureista keskustelussa nousi esiin yhteiskunnan polarisaation lisääntyminen. Toisaalta jokaisenoikeuksiin, biodiversiteetin suojeluun ja virkistyskäyttöön ohjattaviin resursseihin liittyvät poliittiset päätökset nähtiin tärkeinä. Teknologiset muutokset nähtiin osana laajempaa teknologistumista. Yhtäältä yleinen teknologisoituminen lisää mahdollisuuksia tiedonsaantiin ja -jakoon. Toisaalta terveyteen ja liikkumiseen liittyvä mittauskulttuuri vaikuttaa myös virkistyskäytön määriin, kun ihmiset tavoittelevat askel-tai kilometritavoitteitaan yhä enemmän luonnossa. Organisaatioiden tietotarpeista todettiin, että tietoa tarvitaan yhtäältä virkistyskäytön kehittämiseen ja toisaalta oman toiminnan perustelemiseen ja kolmanneksi käyttäjien informointiin. Lisää tietoa kaivattiin kävijävirroista ja niiden alueellisesta ja ajallisesta jakautumisesta. Toisaalta tieto kävijöistä itsestään nähtiin tarpeelliseksi erityisesti kävijäkunnan monipuolistuessa. Huolta kannettiin myös niistä, jotka eivät käy virkistysalueilla: miten saada paremmin tietoa heistä sekä mahdollista käyntiä rajoittavista tekijöistä. Kävijätiedon keruu nähtiin kalliina ja aikaa vievänä, ja siksi ja uudenlaisten datalähteiden löytäminen nähtiin hyödylliseksi. Mobiilidata arvioitiin kiinnostavaksi tietolähteeksi ja sen eri puolia pohdiskeltiin SWOT-analyysin kautta. Selvää kuitenkin oli, että operatiivisessa käytössä tiedon tulee olla luotettavaa ja helposti saatavilla. Mobiilidatan osalta juuri pitkäkestoinen saatavuus pohditutti osallistujia. Tilaisuuden järjestivät Aina Brias Guinart, Matti Hästbacka, Tatu Leppämäki, Jussi Torkko ja Tuuli Toivonen. Johanna Eklund osallistui työpajaan äitiysvapaalta. Lisää tietoa tilaisuudesta tai tutkimuksesta hankkeen verkkosivuilta tai sähköpostilla hankkeen tutkijoille: mobicon-project@helsinki.fi. MOBICON-hanke toimii vuosina 2022-2026 ja sitä rahoittaa Koneen Säätiö. Verkkosivu: https://www.helsinki.fi/en/researchgroups/digital-geography-lab/projects/mobicon.
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Toivonen, Tuuli, Aina Brias Guinart, Johanna Eklund, Hästbacka Matti, Leppämäki Tatu, and Torkko Jussi. Potential of mobile big data for visitor monitoring : Report of the MOBICON workshop held in Helsinki 28.9.2023. Digital Geography Lab, University of Helsinki, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31885/2024.030501.

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The Changes in Nature Visitation and the Potential of Mobile Big Data for Visitor Monitoring workshop was held in Helsinki on 28.9.2023. We organized the workshop as part of the five-year MOBICON research project (Mobile Big Data for Understanding People in Nature - Detecting short- and long-term changes and their implications for biodiversity conservation) funded by Kone Foundation. The aim of the workshop was to collect expert opinions related to the changes in the recreational use of nature, the monitoring needs related to the changing visitations, and to discuss the possibilities of various new data sources to meet managerial information needs. Eight experts from different organisations (Metsähallitus, City of Helsinki, Uusimaa Recreation Area Association Uuvi and Suomen Latu r.y.) participated in the event. Prior to the workshop, the participants had answered a survey about their experiences and information needs related to the changing visitations. The discussion progressed from the results of the survey to more in-depth discussions. Below we summarize the key results from the discussions. The recreational use of nature was seen to be changing. Recreational use is increasing and its temporal rhythms are changing. At the same time, the visitor base becomes more diverse because of the general diversification of society and the fact that new user-groups have started to explore nature. Activities and ways of being in nature are also diversifying. Approaching the changes through four megatrends (social, environmental, political and technological changes). The social and environmental drivers of change were seen as the most important. social changes were identified to be related to the ageing of the population and the diversification of nature visitors. Climate change, as an environmental factor, was identified as the most important driver of change, impacting both nature but also human behaviour. Among the political drivers of change, particularly the increasing polarisation of society emerged in the discussion. In addition, political decisions relating to everyone's rights, biodiversity protection and resources directed for the management of recreational areas were seen as important. Technological changes were identified as important and this change taking place as part of the broader technologization of society. On the one hand, this general technologization increases the opportunities for access to and sharing of information. On the other hand, the increased ‘measurement culture’ also affects the amounts of recreational use, as people are aiming to reach their kilometer or step targets. The information needs of organisations were recognized to include 1) planning of management actions, 2) justifying one's own activities for securing funding and 3) informing visitors. Information is needed on visitor flows and their spatial and temporal distribution. In addition, information about the visitors themselves was considered necessary, especially as the visitor base is becoming more diverse. The workshop participants also expressed concern about those who do not visit recreational areas: how get more information about them and the factors that limit nature visits. Collecting visitor data was seen as expensive and time-consuming, which is why finding new kinds of data sources has potential. Mobile data was evaluated as an interesting source of information and its various aspects were discussed through a SWOT analysis. However, it was clear that in operational use, information must be reliable and easily accessible and some doubts were raised on the potential of mobile big data from this aspect. The event was organised by Aina Brias Guinart, Matti Hästbacka, Tatu Leppämäki, Jussi Torkko and Tuuli Toivonen. Johanna Eklund participated in the workshop from maternity leave. More information about the event or research can be found on the project's website or by e-mail to the project's researchers: mobicon-project@helsinki.fi. The MOBICON project will operate from 2022 to 2026 and it is funded by Kone Foundation. Website: https://www.helsinki.fi/en/researchgroups/digital-geography-lab/projects/mobicon.
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