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Journal articles on the topic 'Air clusters'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wang, Hongyong, Xiaohao Xu, and Yifei Zhao. "Empirical analysis of aircraft clusters in air traffic situation networks." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 231, no. 9 (2016): 1718–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410016660870.

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The existing research on air traffic complexity ignores the effects of air traffic situation structure and, thus, cannot reflect the heterogeneous traffic density distribution in airspace. In this study, the structure of air traffic situation was characterized using the idea of community structure in complex networks. An aircraft cluster model was built, and an aircraft cluster discovery method based on depth-first traversal was proposed. The aircraft cluster division effect was comprehensively represented by cluster performance indices, including cohesion and stability. The routinely recorded

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2

Sobhani, Maliheh, and Mohammad Hossein Mahdieh. "Comparison of sub-micro/nano structure formation on polished silicon surface irradiated by nanosecond laser beam in ambient air and distilled water." Laser and Particle Beams 31, no. 3 (2013): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034613000438.

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AbstractThis paper compares sub-micro/nano structure formation on polished silicon surface irradiated by nanosecond laser pulses in ambient air and distilled water. Surface cluster density and optical reflectivity of silicon surface (at a typical wavelength of λ = 632 nm) were studied in terms of number of laser pulses and laser fluence. The surface density and optical reflectivity give information on clusters filling factor and clusters height respectively. The results show that the values of surface cluster density and clusters height strongly depend on laser pulse numbers and interacting am

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Kim, Jeonghun, Songmi Lee, Suhong Kim, et al. "Clustering the residential noise in apartment house based on spectral and temporal analysis." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, no. 2 (2023): 5702–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0840.

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This study aimed to investigate how the residential noises cluster based on spectral and temporal characteristics of the noises in apartment houses. The type of noise was floor impact, air-borne, plumbing, transmitted outdoor unit of air-conditioner, traffic (road, rail, and air-craft noise), and construction noise. Duration of sound was edited to 5 s and sound pressure level was adjusted to be equal to be 50 dBA. K-means clustering analysis was performed to classify various sound sources, and the elbow method was used to confirm the number of clusters. As a result, residential noise sources w

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4

Yuan, Xiaoling, Hao Cao, Zheng Chen, Jieyan Xu, and Haoming Liu. "Control Strategy for Building Air Conditioning Cluster Loads Participating in Demand Response Based on Cyber-Physical System." Energies 17, no. 6 (2024): 1291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17061291.

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In recent years, with rising urbanization and ongoing adjustments in industrial structures, there has been a growing dependence on public buildings. The load of public buildings gradually becomes the main component of the peak load in summer, among which the load of air conditioning is particularly prominent. To clarify the key problems and solutions to these challenges, this study proposes a multi-objective optimization control strategy for building air conditioning cluster participation in demand response based on Cyber-Physical System (CPS) architecture. In a three-layer typical CPS archite

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Azizah, Anestasya Nur, Tatik Widiharih, and Arief Rachman Hakim. "Kernel K-Means Clustering untuk Pengelompokan Sungai di Kota Semarang Berdasarkan Faktor Pencemaran Air." Jurnal Gaussian 11, no. 2 (2022): 228–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/j.gauss.v11i2.35470.

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K-Means Clustering is one of the types of non-hierarchical cluster analysis which is frequently used, but has a weakness in processing data with non-linearly separable (do not have clear boundaries) characteristic and overlapping cluster, that is when visually the results of a cluster are between other clusters. The Gaussian Kernel Function in Kernel K-Means Clustering can be used to solve data with non-linearly separable characteristic and overlapping cluster. The difference between Kernel K-Means Clustering and K-Means lies on the input data that have to be plotted in a new dimension using k

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Zhao, J., J. N. Smith, F. L. Eisele, M. Chen, C. Kuang, and P. H. McMurry. "Observation of neutral sulfuric acid-amine containing clusters in laboratory and ambient measurements." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 21 (2011): 10823–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-10823-2011.

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Abstract. Recent ab initio calculations showed that amines can enhance atmospheric sulfuric acid-water nucleation more effectively than ammonia, and this prediction has been substantiated in laboratory measurements. Laboratory studies have also shown that amines can effectively displace ammonia in several types of ammonium clusters. However, the roles of amines in cluster formation and growth at a microscopic molecular scale (from molecular sizes up to 2 nm) have not yet been well understood. Processes that must be understood include the incorporation of amines into sulfuric acid clusters and

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Munnich, Lee W., and Michael Iacono. "Competitive industry clusters and transportation in Minnesota." Competitiveness Review 26, no. 1 (2016): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cr-03-2015-0018.

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Purpose – This study aims to advance the state of knowledge of the relationship between transportation and economic development by investigating how firms in competitive industry clusters use transportation networks and what role those networks play in the competitiveness of these clusters. Design/methodology/approach – The approach combines quantitative and qualitative techniques to geographically identify competitive industry clusters and to investigate the role of transportation. The US Cluster Mapping tool is used to identify competitive clusters by employment location quotients in 25 Minn

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Fervers, Béatrice, Camille Giampiccolo, Thomas Coudon, et al. "Joint effects of long-term exposure to multiple air pollutants and breast cancer risk." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (2024): 10572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.10572.

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10572 Background: Human exposure to air pollution involves complex mixtures of multiple correlated air pollutants. To date, very few studies have assessed the combined effect of exposure to multiple air pollutants on breast cancer risk. We assessed the joint effects of multiple air pollutants and breast cancer risk. Methods: The study was based on a case-control study nested within the French E3N cohort, involving 5222 incident breast cancer cases and 5222 matched controls. For each woman, the average of the mean annual concentration estimates for eight air pollutants ((benzo(a)pyrene, cadmium

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Zhao, J., J. N. Smith, F. L. Eisele, M. Chen, C. Kuang, and P. H. McMurry. "Observation of neutral sulfuric acid-amine containing clusters in laboratory and ambient measurements." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 7 (2011): 19729–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-19729-2011.

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Abstract. Recent ab initio calculations showed that amines can enhance atmospheric sulfuric acid-water nucleation more effectively than ammonia, and this prediction has been substantiated in laboratory measurements. Laboratory studies have also shown that amines can effectively displace ammonia in several types of ammonium clusters. However, the roles of amines in cluster formation and growth at a microscopic molecular scale (from molecular sizes up to 2 nm) have not yet been well understood. Processes that must be understood include the incorporation of amines into sulfuric acid clusters and

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10

Amazouz, Hélène, Nicolas Bougas, Michel Thibaudon, et al. "Association between lung function of school age children and short-term exposure to air pollution and pollen: the PARIS cohort." Thorax 76, no. 9 (2021): 887–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215515.

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BackgroundDaily levels of ambient air pollution and pollen may affect lung function but have rarely been studied together. We investigated short-term exposure to pollen and air pollution in relation to lung function in school-age children from a French population-based birth cohort.MethodsThis study included 1063 children from the PARIS (Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study) cohort whose lung function and FeNO measurements were performed at age 8 years old. Exposure data were collected up to 4 days before testing. We estimated daily total pollen concentration, daily allergenic risk indic

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Rosly, Sitti Sufiah Atirah, Balkiah Moktar, and Muhamad Hasbullah Mohd Razali. "Comparison of Clustering Algorithms on Air Quality Substances in Peninsular Malaysia." Journal of Computing Research and Innovation 2, no. 1 (2018): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jcrinn.v2i1.28.

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Air quality is one of the most popular environmental problems in this globalization era. Air pollution is the poisonous air that comes from car emissions, smog, open burning, chemicals from factories and other particles and gases. This harmful air can give adverse effects to human health and the environment. In order to provide information which areas are better for the residents in Malaysia, cluster analysis is used to determine the areas that can be clustering together based on their a ir quality through several air quality substances. Monthly data from 37 monitoring stations in Peninsular M

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12

Li, Zhaoni, and Jian Zheng. "Research on Air Quality Analysis Based on Cluster Methods." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 898, no. 1 (2021): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/898/1/012024.

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Abstract Research on air quality analysis is a hot field. Here we describe an analysis process based on cluster methods for the data of ambient air quality. In this paper, we use the process to cluster on the air quality data which from the National Urban Air Quality Report in December 2020 on the official website of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China. We find that cities in different clusters with different main pollutants and pollution levels. Ambient air quality analysis aims to provide guidance for reducing the impact of air pollution on health.

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Nafees, A. A., U. Rabbani, S. Razzaq, et al. "Indoor air quality and its relationship with cluster type in urban Pakistani households." International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 25, no. 2 (2021): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.20.0761.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the levels and predictors of formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and fine particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) in Karachi, Pakistan.METHODS: A total of 1629 households were selected through multistage cluster sampling in a community‐based cross‐sectional survey. Formaldehyde, NO2 and CO levels were measured using YesAir Indoor air monitor and for PM2.5, UCB‐PATS (University of California Berkeley Particle and Temperature Sensor) was used. Clusters were classified either as planned (areas of planned housing) or unplanned (informal

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14

Yang, Shihai, Huiling Su, Xun Dou, Mingming Chen, and Yixuan Huang. "Heat Balance Calculation and Energy Efficiency Analysis for Building Clusters Based on Psychrometric Chart." Sensors 21, no. 22 (2021): 7606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227606.

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How to perform accurate calculation of heat balance and quantitative analysis of energy efficiency for building clusters is an urgent problem to be solved to reduce building energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency. This article proposes a method for the heat balance calculation and energy efficiency analysis of building clusters based on enthalpy and humidity diagrams and applies it to the energy management of building clusters containing primary return air systems and heating pipe networks. Firstly, the basic structure and energy management principle of building clusters

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15

Song, Yu, Bingrui Liu, Xiaohong Chen, and Jia Liu. "Atmospheric Pollution Mapping of the Yangtze River Basin: An AQI-Based Weighted Co-Word Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3 (2020): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030817.

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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the characteristics and human effects of atmospheric pollution in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB). An AQI(Air Quality Index)-based weighted co-word method is applied to explore the characteristics of keywords taken from the data, using authoritative media sources and government reports. Hierarchical clustering techniques are utilized to classify and visualize the keywords and display the different types of incidents. The results reveal the following four main clusters: enterprise pollution, coal-burning pollution, traffic pollution, and air pollutants. Clu

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Porstendörfer, J., V. Dankelmann, and A. Reineking. "Neutralization of 218Po-clusters in air." Journal of Aerosol Science 29 (September 1998): S1017—S1018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-8502(98)90691-7.

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Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura Andrea, Feisar Enrique Moreno-Corzo, Ana María Valbuena-Garcia, et al. "Childhood Leukemia in Small Geographical Areas and Proximity to Industrial Sources of Air Pollutants in Three Colombian Cities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (2020): 7925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217925.

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Acute leukemia is the most common childhood cancer and has been associated with exposure to environmental carcinogens. This study aimed to identify clusters of acute childhood leukemia (ACL) cases and analyze their relationship with proximity to industrial sources of air pollution in three capital cities in Colombia during 2000–2015. Incident ACL cases were obtained from the population cancer registries for the cities of Bucaramanga, Cali, and Medellín. The inventory of industrial sources of emissions to the air was obtained from the regional environmental authorities and industrial conglomera

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Liu, Diyi, Kun Cheng, Kevin Huang, et al. "Visualization and Analysis of Air Pollution and Human Health Based on Cluster Analysis: A Bibliometric Review from 2001 to 2021." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19 (2022): 12723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912723.

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Bibliometric techniques and social network analysis are employed in this study to evaluate 14,955 papers on air pollution and health that were published from 2001 to 2021. To track the research hotspots, the principle of machine learning is applied in this study to divide 10,212 records of keywords into 96 clusters through OmniViz software. Our findings highlight strong research interests and the practical need to control air pollution to improve human health, as evidenced by an annual growth rate of over 15.8% in the related publications. The cluster analysis showed that clusters C22 (exposur

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Omar, Z. Ali, Siti Rahayu Mohd Hashim, Justin Sentian, and Su Na Chin. "Application of K-Means Clustering and Calendar View Visualisation for Air Pollution Index Analysis." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1103, no. 1 (2022): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1103/1/012004.

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Two years of diurnal concentration of particulate matter (PM10 ) and nitrogen dioxide with the addition of relative humidity measurement, collected from Putrajaya, Malaysia’s ground-based measurement station from January 2014 to December 2015, were analysed. K-means clustering was employed and optimal clusters of four were identified for each year based on the most suggested number of clusters from internal cluster validation measures of the total within sum of square, silhouette index and gap statistics. Each cluster was then profiled where each mean pollutant sub-indices were calculated and

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Giao, Nguyen Thanh, and Le Thi Diem Mi. "Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Air Quality Variation in Southern Vietnam Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 14, no. 5 (2023): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.5.1450.

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The study aims to assess the air quality and identify polluting sources in the southern Vietnam using eight air variables of temperature, humidity, wind speed, pressure, noise, total suspended particulates (TSP), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at 30 stations in eight monitoring periods (April–December) in 2020. Correlation and principal components and cluster analyses were applied in the study. Air quality in traffic and urban areas were identified with the highest pollutant concentrations. Concentrations of air pollutants were dependent on sources of impact but not the seasons.

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GREEN, Jeffrey, Brian BENNETT, Peter JORDAN, Edward T. RALPH, Andrew J. THOMSON, and John R. GUEST. "Reconstitution of the [4Fe-4S] cluster in FNR and demonstration of the aerobic-anaerobic transcription switch in vitro." Biochemical Journal 316, no. 3 (1996): 887–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3160887.

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The FNR protein of Escherichia coli is a redox-responsive transcription regulator that activates and represses a family of genes required for anaerobic and aerobic metabolism. Reconstitution of wild-type FNR by anaerobic treatment with ferrous ions, cysteine and the NifS protein of Azotobacter vinelandii leads to the incorporation of two [4Fe-4S]2+ clusters per FNR dimer. The UV–visible spectrum of reconstituted FNR has a broad absorbance at 420 nm. The clusters are EPR silent under anaerobic conditions but are degraded to [3Fe-4S]+ by limited oxidation with air, and completely lost on prolong

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Vasudha, Nannaparaju, and Polisetty Venkateswara Rao. "Identification of Sources Causing Air Pollution in Indian Cities Using Hierarchical Agglomerative Cluster Analysis." Current World Environment 18, no. 2 (2023): 580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.13.

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The distressing levels of air pollution in India is becoming health hazard to the inhabitants. It's important to note that due to the nation's continued urbanisation and its heavy reliance on coal for electricity generation, air pollution is expected to get worse in some areas of India over the next few decades. Present study aims to address the issue by identifying the sources causing air pollution using Hierarchical Agglomerative Cluster Analysis [HACA]. Two years daily data (2018 and 2019), downloaded from publicly available source Kaggle.com of sixteen selected air pollution monitoring sta

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Kim, Jae Hee, and Ji Won Lim. "Multivariate Analysis between Air Pollutants and Meteorological Variables in Seoul." Key Engineering Materials 277-279 (January 2005): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.277-279.492.

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Multivariate analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between air pollutants and meteorological variables measured in Seoul from January 1 to December 31, 1999. The first principal component showed the contrast effect between O3 and the other pollutants. The second principal component showed the contrast effect between CO, SO2, NO2, and O3, PM10, TSP. Based on the cluster analysis, three clusters represented different air pollution levels, seasonal characteristics of air pollutants, and meteorological conditions. Discriminant analysis with Air Environment Index (AEI) was carried out

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Azizan, Nurul Alia, Asheila AK Meramat, Ahmad Syibli Othman, Azman Azid, and Siti Noor Syuhada Muhammad Amin. "Characterization of Air Quality Monitoring Stations in North Region of Malaysia Using Chemometric Technique in Relation to Human Health Impacts." Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine 6, S1 (2022): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.500.

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Air quality status plays a vital indicator towards environment, economy as well as human health impacts of a country. Therefore, characterizing the spatial air quality monitoring stations is critical as it can be grouped into clusters in order to minimize the numbers of stations. It could be more efficient towards human health monitoring by strengthening management and reducing costs. However, the assessment of air quality pattern requires multiple variables to be analysed. It becomes a multivariate problem that requires novel methodologies as agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis (AHC)

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Barker, Daniel, and Martin Landrø. "Estimation of bubble time period for air-gun clusters using potential isosurfaces." GEOPHYSICS 78, no. 4 (2013): P1—P7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0344.1.

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We evaluated a method of estimating the relative bubble time period of air-gun clusters with an arbitrary number of guns. This was done by assuming incompressible flow and representing the bubbles as isosurfaces of the potential field to account for coalescence. The kinetic energy at the equilibrium radius was then compared to the equivalent energy of the single gun to estimate the relative change. The results agreed well with two-gun cluster measurements, but the lack of data does not allow us to compare with clusters containing more guns than that. We found that more compact configurations,

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Milovanovic, Bosko, Milan Radovanovic, and Tamara Jojic-Glavonjic. "Linkage between water temperature of the subtropical Atlantic, the Azores maximum and air temperature in Serbia." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 90, no. 2 (2010): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd1002069m.

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The paper explores the link between water temperature of the subtropical part of the Atlantic Ocean (the belt of 25 to 40? N), atmospheric pressure and air temperature in Belgrade and Serbia. The main point of the research is to examine the linkage between the Azores air pressure maximum with the changes of water temperature in the subtropical belt of the Atlantic (given in the net 5x5?). Using the hierarchical cluster analyses, 10 clusters of water temperature of the subtropical part of the Atlantic Ocean were selected. Their linkage between the position and the intensity of the Azores maximu

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Fontana, P. M., and T. ‐A Haugland. "Compact sleeve‐gun source arrays." GEOPHYSICS 56, no. 3 (1991): 402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443058.

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Data derived from far‐field signature measurements have inspired several guidelines for using clustered sleeve guns effectively in tuned marine seismic source arrays. Primarily, these data show that for a given volume the signature produced by a cluster of sleeve guns has a comparable bubble period, increased primary amplitude, and reduced bubble‐pulse amplitude compared to the signature of a single gun. These results agree with those reported for clusters of conventional air guns. However, when the data are analyzed in terms of acoustic and operational efficiency, we find that for array eleme

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Sinaga, Lestari, Abdullah Ahmad, and Muhammad Safii. "PENERAPAN DATA MINING PADA JUMLAH PELANGGAN PERUSAHAAN AIR BERSIH MENURUT PROVINSI MENGGUNAKAN METODE K-MEANS CLUSTERING." Jurnal RESISTOR (Rekayasa Sistem Komputer) 2, no. 2 (2019): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31598/jurnalresistor.v2i2.418.

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Water is one of the primary needs for humans so that everyone has the right to get clean water for their daily needs. Along with increasing population, the need for water will increase. So with that the PDAM must sell clean / decent water to its customers, clean water becomes the focus of attention and has the greatest power compared to other problems. Because water is a basic necessity, most of the companies impose rates that can be reached by the community and prices are adjusted to the growth in demand. The purpose of this research is to get a grouping of the number of customers of clean wa

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Azizan, Nurul Alia, Ahmad Syibli Othman, Asheila AK Meramat, Siti Noor Syuhada Muhammad Amin, and Azman Azid. "A Framework to Spatially Cluster Air Quality Monitoring Stations in Peninsular Malaysia using the Hybrid Clustering Method." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 19, no. 5 (2023): 804–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n5.2620.

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Multiple variables must be analyzed in order to assess air quality trends. It turns into a multidimensional issue that calls for dynamic methods. In order to provide an improved spatial cluster distribution with distinct validation, this study set out to illustrate the hybrid cluster method in air quality monitoring stations in Peninsular Malaysia. The Department of Environment, Malaysia (DOE), provided the data set, which covered the two-year period from 2018 to 2019. This study included six air quality pollutants: PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO. Principal component analysis (PCA), a multi

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Reetz, Manfred T., Stefan A. Quaiser, Martin Winter, et al. "Nanostructured Metal Oxide Clusters by Oxidation of Stabilized Metal Clusters with Air." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 35, no. 18 (1996): 2092–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199620921.

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Sinaga, Sabrina Biutiqwin, Solikhun S, and Dedi Suhendro. "Pengelompokkan Sumber Air Minum Dari Air Sungai Menggunakan Metode K-Means." Jurasik (Jurnal Riset Sistem Informasi dan Teknik Informatika) 6, no. 1 (2021): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.30645/jurasik.v6i1.289.

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River water is one of the most frequently used water by the community and has a multipurpose function for life, one of which is a source of drinking water. However, now we know that the population of river water pollution is very high and it is used as a waste disposal site which causes a lot of river water to be polluted, it can make people susceptible to disease because they consume unhealthy river water. Judging from the data obtained by province, many use river water as a source of drinking water, for this reason the authors conducted a study that aims to classify drinking water sources fr

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Vystavel, T., S. A. Koch, G. Palasantzas, and J. Th M. De Hosson. "In situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Studies on Structural Dynamics of Transition Metal Nanoclusters." Journal of Materials Research 20, no. 7 (2005): 1785–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0222.

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The structural stability of transition metal nanoclusters has been scrutinized with in situ transmission electron microscopy as a function of temperature. In particular iron, cobalt, niobium, and molybdenum clusters with diameters around 5 nm have been investigated. During exposure to air, a thin oxide shell with a thickness of 2 nm is formed around the iron and cobalt clusters, which is thermally unstable under moderate high vacuum annealing above 200 °C. Interestingly, niobium clusters oxidize only internally at higher temperatures without the formation of an oxide shell. They are unaffected

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Han, Zhen, Xi-Yan Dong, Peng Luo, et al. "Ultrastable atomically precise chiral silver clusters with more than 95% quantum efficiency." Science Advances 6, no. 6 (2020): eaay0107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay0107.

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Monolayer-protected atomically precise silver clusters display low photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY) and susceptibility under ambient conditions, and their chiroptical activities also remain underdeveloped. Here, we report enantiomers of an octahedral Ag6 cluster prepared via one-step synthesis using designed chiral ligands at ambient temperature. These clusters exhibit a highest PLQY (300 K) >95.0% and retain their structural integrity and emission up to 150°C in air. Atomically precise structural determination combined with photophysical and computational analysis revealed that th

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Boulon, J., K. Sellegri, H. Venzac, et al. "New particle formation and ultrafine charged aerosol climatology at a high altitude site in the Alps (Jungfraujoch, 3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland)." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 19 (2010): 9333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-9333-2010.

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Abstract. We investigate the formation and growth of charged aerosols clusters at Jungfraujoch, in the Swiss Alps (3580 m a.s.l.), the highest altitude site of the European EUCAARI project intensive campaign. Charged particles and clusters (0.5–1.8 nm) were measured from April 2008 to April 2009 and allowed the detection of nucleation events in this very specific environment (presence of free tropospheric air and clouds). We found that the naturally charged aerosol concentrations, which are dominated by the cluster size class, shows a strong diurnal pattern likely linked to valley breezes tran

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Wang, Feiyun, Yao Hu, and Yutao Qin. "Spatio-temporal Prediction of Air Quality Using Spatio-temporal Clustering and Hierarchical Bayesian Model." Chiang Mai Journal of Science 51, no. 5 (2024): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.083.

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Air pollution can cause many negative impacts, so it is meaningful to establish an air quality prediction model with high accuracy for air pollution prevention and control. In previous studies, most models did not consider the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of air quality. So this study proposes a novel spatio-temporal prediction approach STC-HBM, which combines spatio-temporal clustering (STC) and hierarchical Bayesian model (HBM) to build a spatio-temporal prediction model. In this study, we first perform spatio-temporal clustering on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in China a

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Oetelaar, Taylor A., and Clifton R. Johnston. "DETERMINATION OF THE CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT OF HOT AIR RISING THROUGH TERRACOTTA FLUES." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 36, no. 4 (2012): 413–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2012-0029.

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We experimentally studied natural convection processes inside terracotta flues as a part of a larger numerical study of ancient Roman baths. The air, heated in a plenum below the wall, rose through the tubes. Two clusters of thermocouples, equally spaced in the flues, measured temperatures throughout the thickness of the wall. The data from the two clusters proved to be measurably different. The resulting convective heat transfer coefficients determined using the bottom cluster, showed no dependence on the plenum temperature. The measured convective heat transfer coefficient was between 6.2 an

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Mlakar, Peter, and Jana Faganeli Pucer. "Mixture Regression for Clustering Atmospheric-Sounding Data: A Study of the Relationship between Temperature Inversions and PM10 Concentrations." Atmosphere 14, no. 3 (2023): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14030481.

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Temperature inversions prevent the mixing of air near the surface with the air higher in the atmosphere, contributing to high concentrations of air pollutants. Inversions can be identified by sampling temperature data at different heights, usually done with radiosondes. In our study, we propose using the SMIXS clustering algorithm to cluster radiosonde temperature data as longitudinal data into clusters with distinct temperature profile shapes. We clustered 8 years of early morning radiosonde data from Ljubljana, Slovenia, into 15 clusters and investigated their relationship to PM10 pollution.

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Manninen, Hanna E., Sander Mirme, Aadu Mirme, Tuukka Petäjä, and Markku Kulmala. "How to reliably detect molecular clusters and nucleation mode particles with Neutral cluster and Air Ion Spectrometer (NAIS)." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, no. 8 (2016): 3577–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-3577-2016.

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Abstract. To understand the very first steps of atmospheric particle formation and growth processes, information on the size where the atmospheric nucleation and cluster activation occurs, is crucially needed. The current understanding of the concentrations and dynamics of charged and neutral clusters and particles is based on theoretical predictions and experimental observations. This paper gives a standard operation procedure (SOP) for Neutral cluster and Air Ion Spectrometer (NAIS) measurements and data processing. With the NAIS data, we have improved the scientific understanding by (1) dir

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Köppe, M., M. Hermann, C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer, et al. "Origin of aerosol particles in the mid latitude and subtropical upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere from cluster analysis of CARIBIC data." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 3 (2009): 13523–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-13523-2009.

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Abstract. The origin of aerosol particles in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere over the Eurasian continent was investigated by applying cluster analysis methods to in situ measured data. Number concentrations of submicrometer aerosol particles and trace gas mixing ratios derived by the CARIBIC (Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container) measurement system on flights between Germany and South-East Asia were used for this analysis. Four cluster analysis methods were applied to a test data set and their capability of separating the

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Köppe, M., M. Hermann, C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer, et al. "Origin of aerosol particles in the mid-latitude and subtropical upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere from cluster analysis of CARIBIC data." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, no. 21 (2009): 8413–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-8413-2009.

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Abstract. The origin of aerosol particles in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere over the Eurasian continent was investigated by applying cluster analysis methods to in situ measured data. Number concentrations of submicrometer aerosol particles and trace gas mixing ratios derived by the CARIBIC (Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container) measurement system on flights between Germany and South-East Asia were used for this analysis. Four cluster analysis methods were applied to a test data set and their capability of separating the

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Darby, Lisa S. "Cluster Analysis of Surface Winds in Houston, Texas, and the Impact of Wind Patterns on Ozone." Journal of Applied Meteorology 44, no. 12 (2005): 1788–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2320.1.

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Abstract The city of Houston, Texas, is near a complex coastline and numerous petrochemical plants, the combination of which plays a large role in Houston’s air pollution events. It has long been known that the thermally driven afternoon onshore flow (sea breeze or gulf breeze) transports ozone-rich air inland. As a way of quantifying the role of the gulf breeze in Houston’s high-ozone events, cluster analysis of hourly averaged surface winds from a regional network of meteorological sensors was performed for 27 summer days of 2000, with the dates coinciding with the Texas Air Quality Study 20

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Wang, J., R. L. McGraw, and C. Kuang. "Growth of atmospheric nano-particles by heterogeneous nucleation of organic vapor." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 13 (2013): 6523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6523-2013.

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Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols play critical roles in air quality, public health, and visibility. In addition, they strongly influence climate by scattering solar radiation and by changing the reflectivity and lifetime of clouds. One major but still poorly understood source of atmospheric aerosols is new particle formation, which consists of the formation of thermodynamically stable clusters from trace gas molecules (homogeneous nucleation) followed by growth of these clusters to a detectable size (~3 nm). Because freshly nucleated clusters are most susceptible to loss due to high rate of coag

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Xu, Zhenwu, and Xueshan Han. "A simple polymerization control method for the air conditioning cluster." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2087, no. 1 (2021): 012064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2087/1/012064.

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Abstract Taking the air conditioner cluster as the object, under the condition of individual perception and controllable state of the air conditioner, the cluster state is given a considerable and controllable function. In the analysis of the load model of a single air conditioner, considering the comfort of indoor temperature, the characteristics of on and off are given, that is, the cycle of on time and off time; on this basis, the air conditioning clusters are divided according to the same or similar switching cycles, thereby forming a switching strategy of series and parallel groups to ach

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Cutanda Henriquez, Vicente, and José Sánchez-Dehesa. "Controlling the amount of acoustic absorption by using clusters of hard cylinders." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 2 (2021): 4608–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2759.

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The viscothermal absorption of a cluster of hard cylinders periodically arranged in air is directly related with the filling fraction of the underlying lattice. In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the viscous absorption of clusters with circular external shape. The study has been performed by using a homogenization theory in which the clusters have been represented by a single fluid-like cylinder with effective parameters. The validity of the homogenization approach has been supported with numerical experiments in which the viscosity of the actual cluster is calculated with an im

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Suris, Fatin Nur Afiqah, Mohd Aftar Abu Bakar, Noratiqah Mohd Ariff, Mohd Shahrul Mohd Nadzir, and Kamarulzaman Ibrahim. "Malaysia PM10 Air Quality Time Series Clustering Based on Dynamic Time Warping." Atmosphere 13, no. 4 (2022): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040503.

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Air quality monitoring is important in the management of the environment and pollution. In this study, time series of PM10 from air quality monitoring stations in Malaysia were clustered based on similarity in terms of time series patterns. The identified clusters were analyzed to gain meaningful information regarding air quality patterns in Malaysia and to identify characterization for each cluster. PM10 time series data from 5 July 2017 to 31 January 2019, obtained from the Malaysian Department of Environment and Dynamic Time Warping as the dissimilarity measure were used in this study. At t

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Wang, J., R. L. McGraw, and C. Kuang. "Flux induced growth of atmospheric nano-particles by organic vapors." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no. 9 (2012): 22813–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-22813-2012.

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Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols play critical roles in air quality, public health, and visibility. In addition, they strongly influence climate by scattering solar radiation and by changing the reflectivity and lifetime of clouds. One major but still poorly understood source of atmospheric aerosol is new particle formation, which consists of the formation of thermodynamically stable clusters from trace gas molecules (homogeneous nucleation) followed by growth of these clusters to a detectable size (~3 nm). Because freshly nucleated clusters are most susceptible to loss due to high rate of coagu

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Muhammad Alfathan Harriz, Harlis Setiyowati, and Edi Junaedi. "Analisis Klasterisasi Kualitas Udara Menggunakan Algoritma Fuzzy C-Means Berdasarkan Parameter NO2 dan SO2 di Provinsi Aceh." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Informatika dan Komunikasi 5, no. 2 (2025): 350–63. https://doi.org/10.55606/juitik.v5i2.1083.

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The degradation of air quality in Indonesia, particularly in Aceh Province, requires advanced analytical approaches to capture the complexities of air pollution patterns. This study aims to apply the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) algorithm to cluster regions based on NO2 and SO2 concentrations and to determine the optimal cluster configuration. Air quality index data from 2023–2024, totaling 365 entries, were analyzed using FCM with a fuzzifier parameter of m = 2.0. Performance evaluation was conducted using the Fuzzy Partition Coefficient, Silhouette Score, and Davies-Bouldin Index. The analysis produc

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Saldiva, Silvia, Ligia Barrozo, Clea Leone, et al. "Small-Scale Variations in Urban Air Pollution Levels Are Significantly Associated with Premature Births: A Case Study in São Paulo, Brazil." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 10 (2018): 2236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102236.

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Premature birth is the result of a complex interaction among genetic, epigenetic, behavioral, socioeconomic, and environmental factors. We evaluated the possible associations between air pollution and the incidence of prematurity in spatial clusters of high and low prevalence in the municipality of São Paulo. It is a spatial case-control study. The residential addresses of mothers with live births that occurred in 2012 and 2013 were geo-coded. A spatial scan statistical test performed to identify possible low-prevalence and high-prevalence clusters of premature births. After identifying, the s

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Dewulf, Wouter, Hilde Meersman, and Eddy Van de Voorde. "FROM CARPET SELLERS TO CARGO STARS: ANALYZING STRATEGIES OF AIR CARGO CARRIERS." Journal of Air Transport Studies 5, no. 1 (2014): 96–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.38008/jats.v5i1.75.

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While some research has been done on passenger airlines strategy, the strategies of air cargo carriers have hardly been researched. This paper analyses and compares the strategies of air cargo carriers. Therefore, a typology of management strategies for both combination and full cargo airlines has been developed, in which the various strategy choices within the strategic framework of the respective air cargo carriers are further elaborated. The typology has been developed through a K-means cluster analysis on a data set of 47 air cargo carriers. The use of a cluster analysis to group the strat

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Kim, Kihoon, Shana Havenridge, Nestor Zaluzec, et al. "Size and Structure Selective Indium Sulfide Cluster Formation Via Vapor Phase Sequential Infiltration Synthesis." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 30 (2024): 2237. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02302237mtgabs.

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Energetically favorable formation of atomically precise clusters, known as magic-size clusters from solution phase synthesis are studied extensively enlightening their unique properties and consecutive nucleation and growth mechanism to bulk structures. However, those from vapor phase synthesis are comparatively underdeveloped, especially for the metal chalcogenide materials. Here we report that vapor phase sequential infiltration synthesis enables the formation of indium sulfide magic-size clusters. Based on the experimental and computational study, we found that the reaction between trimethy

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