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Journal articles on the topic 'Air conditioning Heating Ventilation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Li, Kang, Hao Gao, Peng Jia, et al. "Numerical and experimental investigation on the air flow characteristics of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module for a small electric vehicle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 6 (2019): 1597–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019895148.

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In electrical vehicles, replacing positive temperature coefficient heater as heat source with an air source heat pump could improve the driving range and decrease energy consumption in cold climate. Design of the heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module for heat pump system has a significant influence on its performance in each working mode. A newly designed heat pump heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module was introduced in this paper. The air flow characteristics of the heat pump heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module in four working modes were analyzed, and the air flow rate and wind resistance were obtained by numerical simulation. Experiments were also conducted for validating its airflow rate in each working mode. Results of these experiments show that some unfavorable phenomena such as flow maldistribution and vortex inside the heat pump heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module exist, which could lead to insufficient utilization of the heat exchange area of heat exchangers and the generation of aerodynamic noise. Furthermore, the air flow rate of the original heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module was also measured for comparison, and the designed heat pump heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module shows nearly 15–20% decrease in each working mode.

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2

Whalley, R., and A. Abdul-Ameer. "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning system modelling." Building and Environment 46, no. 3 (2011): 643–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.09.010.

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3

Hasan Talukder, Md Sadiqul. "Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Systems." IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 13, no. 05 (2016): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1684-1305012835.

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4

Woods, Jason. "Membrane processes for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 33 (May 2014): 290–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.01.092.

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5

Fisher, G., B. Ligman, T. Brennan, R. Shaughnessy, B. H. Turk, and B. Snead. "Radon Mitigation in Schools Utilising Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Systems." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 56, no. 1-4 (1994): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082421.

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Abstract As part of a continuing radon in schools technology development effort, EPA's School Evaluation Team has performed radon mitigation in schools by the method of ventilation/pressurisation control technology. Ventilation rates were increased, at a minimum, to meet the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) standard Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality (ASHRAE 62-1989). This paper presents the results and the preliminary evaluations which led to the team's decision to implement this technology. Factors considered include energy penalties, comfort, indoor air quality (IAQ), building shell tightness, and equipment costs. Cost benefit of heat recovery ventilation was also considered. Earlier results of the SEP team's efforts have indicated a severe ventilation problem within the schools of the United States. An integrated approach to radon mitigation in schools and other large buildings which control radon as well as improve overall IAQ should be the goal of radon remediation where practical. Two case studies are presented where HVAC technology was implemented for controlling radon concentrations. One involved the installation of a heat recovery ventilator to depressurise a crawl space and provide ventilation to the classrooms which previously had no mechanical ventilation. The other involved the restoration of a variable air volume system in a two-storey building. The HVAC system's controls were restored and modified to provide a constant building pressure differential to control the entry of radon. Pre-mitigation and post-mitigation indoor air pollutant measurements were taken, including radon, carbon dioxide (CO2), particulates, and bio-aerosols. Long-term monitoring of radon, CO2 building pressure differentials, and indoor/outdoor temperature and relative humidity is presented.

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6

Shmyrin, A. M., N. M. Mishachev, and V. V. Semina. "Hierarchical Neighborhood Models for Ventilation System." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.5 (2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.5.15194.

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Considering cement production, we deal with dust, associated with a non-optimal operation of the dust-free ventilation system in the clinker burning department. The optimally organized heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system in any type of production ensures the microclimate of the production premises, corresponding to the sanitary norms and rules, which contribute to the increase of the staff’s efficiency. In this paper, the questions of the neighborhood modeling of the heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system in the premises of the cement production shop are considered. A system for minimizing energy costs and reducing dust emission in the clinker burning shop is proposed, which allows increasing the environmental safety of production.

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7

Omer, Abdeen. "Low energy building design: Heating, ventilation and air conditioning." International Conference on Electrical Engineering 10, no. 10 (2016): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/iceeng.2016.30307.

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8

Silverman, Neil. "Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning flexible duct acoustical solutions." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 127, no. 3 (2010): 1736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3383474.

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9

Yu, Qingli. "Research on Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning Engineering Technology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1744, no. 2 (2021): 022067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1744/2/022067.

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10

Ren, Shou Hong, and De Ying Li. "An Economic Comparison between Two Types of Heating and Air-Conditioning Systems for Public Buildings in Severely Cold Regions." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 2507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.2507.

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The overall cost of the cooling type air-conditioning plus central heating system is less than that of the all-season air conditioning system in life spans of the two types of systems, which demonstrates the applicability of the principle on design of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning in chapter 5 of Standards of Design for Energy Conservation for Public Building, which suggests that the central heating system should be adopted instead of the air-conditioning system for public buildings in severely cold regions.

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11

Xue, Guiyuan, Chen Wu, Wenjuan Niu, Xun Dou, Shizhen Wang, and Yadie Fu. "Flexible Control Strategy for Intelligent Building Air Conditioning System." E3S Web of Conferences 252 (2021): 01039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125201039.

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An improved optimization adjustment strategy for building heating ventilation and air conditioning (Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning, HVAC) is proposed. The energy consumption model of building heating/refrigeration is established by using the instantaneous energy balance of heat, and then the optimal operation strategy of building HVAC energy based on weather forecast data is constructed in the range of user temperature comfort. Finally, the MATLAB and TRNSYS simulation techniques are used to verify the example. Simulation results show that the optimal operation strategy of building HVAC energy based on weather forecast data can not only significantly reduce the cost of energy use, but also effectively improve the absorption capacity of renewable energy on the building side.

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12

Li, Hui Xing, Cheng Cheng Tang, Guo Hui Feng, and Rui Yang Gao. "Numerical Simulation of College Dormitory Ventilation Airflow." Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (February 2014): 491–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.491.

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China's higher education has entered a rapid development period, the total number of students increased dramatically, using the north-south double-sided architectural design of high-rise dormitory buildings constantly emerge. The indoor air quality of dormitory using central air-conditioning for heating and cooling has become the focus problem. To the north of the dormitory air conditioning as the research object, under the same condition and simulate and analysis the airflow of the side air supply and the top air supply of the air conditioning and ventilation room. The results show that the room adopt the side air supply form has more superiority in comfort and economy.

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13

Łuczak, Rafał, Bogusław Ptaszyński, Zbigniew Kuczera, and Piotr Życzkowski. "Energy efficiency of ground-air heat exchanger in the ventilation and airconditioning systems." E3S Web of Conferences 46 (2018): 00015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184600015.

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In the article, analysis of heat exchangers, working together with air-conditioning system, are presented. For an object with known requirement to hot and cold, air heat exchanger (ground type) is designed. For that defined system, the energy analysis of heat exchanger’s energy work in yearly cycle, including a work of air treatment with full (cooling - desiccation and heating of air in the summer, heating and moisturizing in the winter) and not quite full (cooling of air in the summer, heating of air in the winter) air-conditioning are examined. Effects connected with a reduction of energy costs needed for heat treatment of air blown to the room are specified included the climatic conditions like air heating and cooling degree-hours.

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14

Lachhab, Fadwa, Mohamed Bakhouya, Radouane Ouladsine, and Mohammed Essaaidi. "A context-driven platform using Internet of things and data stream processing for heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems control." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 233, no. 7 (2019): 877–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651819841534.

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Control approaches of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems in buildings have been proposed in the past years for minimizing energy consumption and maintaining occupants’ comfort. However, recent studies have shown that context-driven control approaches using Internet of things and data stream processing technologies could further improve energy saving in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In this article, an intelligent control approach using a state feedback technique is introduced to regulate the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system according to the actual context. The proposed thermal state feedback control was then implemented and deployed in our EEBLab to study its effectiveness in a real-setting scenario. The performance of the proposed control was evaluated in a real test-site by deploying a control card that links the controller with the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system. A smart mobile application for real feedback control was also developed and deployed to dynamically adapt the controller to context’s changes. The mobile application and the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system communicate and exchange data under a data acquisition and visualization platform. In this article, a holistic platform that combines Internet of things and data stream processing technologies was developed and deployed in a real-setting scenario. Experiments have been performed, and results are reported to demonstrate the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed approach in terms of energy saving while maintaining a comfortable room temperature. The proposed state feedback control outperforms the proportional–integral–derivative and ON/OFF approaches in terms of energy consumption while providing acceptable thermal comfort by allowing a neutral thermal sensation with ± 0.30 of predictive mean vote and less than 7% of predicted percentage of dissatisfaction.

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15

Chen, Haofu, Zhuangbo Feng, and Shi-Jie Cao. "Quantitative investigations on setting parameters of air conditioning (air-supply speed and temperature) in ventilated cooling rooms." Indoor and Built Environment 30, no. 1 (2019): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x19887776.

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Rational and scientific design of indoor air conditioning is essential. In the design of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning system, air-supply speed (ventilation rate) and air-supply temperature are the two most important parameters. In the current study, numerical simulations and experimental measurements were adopted to investigate the influences of ventilation mode, air-supply velocity and air-supply temperature on indoor thermal comfort as well as building energy consumption in summer. Different ventilation modes (up supply and down exit, ceiling supply and ceiling exit) were considered in modelling. Based on the simulation and experimental results, dimensionless index [Formula: see text] is proposed, which represents the ratio of buoyancy weighting force to inertial force. This index can be used as a pre-evaluation index of indoor thermal comfort in preliminary design of air conditioning. It is an indicator to judge the working conditions in cooling-ventilated rooms. When [Formula: see text], the settlement and diffusion effects of indoor airflow reach a good level, which means that the parameter setting could provide a comfortable indoor thermal environment. The dimensionless number [Formula: see text] is a theoretically based tool in the pre-evaluation of indoor thermal environment, providing guidance for setting of ventilation design parameters.

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16

Il'ina, T., M. Kolesnikov, and I. Kryukov. "ON INTEGRATED HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS IN ROOMS OF SHOPPING CENTERS." Construction Materials and Products 3, no. 4 (2020): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-4-39-47.

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the paper considers a method for creating microclimate parameters in the rooms of shopping centers, sports complexes, etc. The possibility of using a complex system including air heating, ventilation and air conditioning is shown on the example of a shopping hall. To improve the efficiency of the system, it is proposed to replace traditional water heating with air heating, which works by using a gas burner-heat exchanger. For the rooms of a shopping center in the city of Saint Petersburg, the thermal engineering calculation of external fences was performed, and the heat capacity of the heating system was determined. Based on the results of the heat and air balance of the grocery shopping area, the performance of the ventilation and air conditioning system is calculated. An autonomous monoblock unit for air treatment was selected. During the cold period, the unit performs the functions of air heating and ventilation. Air recirculation is provided to save heat energy. The amount of outdoor and recirculating air is calculated. During the warm period, air is cooled and dehumidified by using a compression refrigeration cycle. The proposed integrated system for creating the required parameters of the microclimate allows reducing material costs by using a gas burner-heat exchanger instead of a heat point for water heating, as well as using a cheaper energy source and heat recovery through a heat pump.

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17

Lauchle, Gerald C. "Flow noise in automotive heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 99, no. 4 (1996): 2507–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.415696.

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18

Mihai, Victor, and Liliana Rusu. "An Overview of the Ship Ventilation Systems and Measures to Avoid the Spread of Diseases." Inventions 6, no. 3 (2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions6030055.

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This article presents a review of the main aspects regarding the current rules of classification societies, standards, and practice regarding the design and construction of ventilation and air conditioning systems for different compartments in different types of ships. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper also presents the usual practice of the actual heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems used on large ships, which recirculate the air between living compartments, in comparison with the new requirements to avoid the risk of spreading diseases. According to the rules, the technical compartments are provided with independent ventilation systems that ensure high air flow rates; therefore, the spread of diseases through this system is not an issue. The living spaces are provided with common ventilation and air conditioning systems that recirculate the air in all compartments served. The current practice of air recirculation in various living rooms leads to the spread of diseases, which should therefore be analyzed and improved by adding high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters and UV disinfection or be replaced with individual systems that provide local heating or cooling without air recirculation between different rooms and fresh air supply with complete evacuation. For existing ships, different solutions should be analyzed such as reducing or cancelling recirculation and increasing filtration.

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19

Sun, Ke Chun, and Wei Jun Zhang. "Energy Consumption Analysis on Office Building Ventilation." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 1139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.1139.

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Chongqing weather conditions as the representative, energy simulation software DesT-c Chongqing office building energy simulation analysis, simulated natural building under different ventilation conditions at room temperature, the energy consumption of building cooling load and air-conditioning system changes, with an emphasis on energy-saving effect of the night ventilation; The study showed that in Chongqing reasonable use of ventilation reduce building natural room temperature to a certain extent; Sensitive indicators of building air conditioning energy consumption than the heating energy consumption of ventilation was significantly; Night ventilation when the number of ventilators is less than 5 times / h, the energy saving effect is very significant.

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20

Rimár, Miroslav, Andrii Kulikov, Marcel Fedak, and Milan Abraham. "CFD analysis of the ventilation heating system." Mechanics & Industry 20, no. 7 (2019): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/meca/2020020.

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Air conditioning is a significant part of the contemporary life. A lot of the medical papers confirmed the influence of the thermal comfort to the operability. The aim of the article is to understand the system of the building ventilation with the HRV unit. For this purpose, the CFD simulation model was elaborated. The ANSYS Fluent allows to calculate the heat balance of the room with secondary thermal gains like computers, monitors and humans. The results of the simulation approved that in the modern thermal passive houses heat balance calculations should take into account secondary thermal gains from the installed equipment. Also the air circulation in the closed area and the influence of the different barriers installed in the laboratory were investigated.

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21

Chaudhry, Hassam Nasarullah. "Achieving sustainable buildings: the role of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning." Sustainable buildings 1 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sbuild/2016002.

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22

Sanders, Philip, and Peter Rumsey. "Noise and energy consumption in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 126, no. 4 (2009): 2179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3248516.

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23

Sung, Wen-Pei, Ting-Yu Chen, Ming-Hsiang Shih, and Yu-Kuang Zhao. "Developing a Practical Geothermal Indoor Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning System." Advanced Science Letters 14, no. 1 (2012): 375–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2012.3990.

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24

Herrin, David W., and Kangping Ruan. "Simulation of noise propagation through heating ventilation and air conditioning ductwork." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 139, no. 4 (2016): 2060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4950103.

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25

Qu, Ming, Xiaoli Liu, Zhiyao Yang, et al. "ENERGY-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES FOR BUILDING HEATING, VENTILATION, AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS." Annual Review of Heat Transfer 21 (2018): 147–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/annualrevheattransfer.2019029887.

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26

Soudari, M., V. Kaparin, S. Srinivasan, S. Seshadhri, and Ü. Kotta. "Predictive smart thermostat controller for heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems." Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences 67, no. 3 (2018): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/proc.2018.3.11.

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27

Myrefelt, Sonny. "The reliability and availability of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems." Energy and Buildings 36, no. 10 (2004): 1035–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.06.010.

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28

Rodriguez, Jose, and Nelson Fumo. "Zoned heating, ventilation, and air–conditioning residential systems: A systematic review." Journal of Building Engineering 43 (November 2021): 102925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102925.

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29

Krajčík, Michal, Lucia Kudiváni, and Ardeshir Mahdavi. "Energy Saving Potential of Personalized Ventilation Applied in an Open Space Office under Winter Conditions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 861 (December 2016): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.861.417.

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Mixing and displacement air distribution are the main ventilation principles applied in both residential and non-residential buildings. Recently, personalized ventilation when the fresh air is delivered directly to the occupants at a high ventilation effectiveness has become an alternative. Despite of this fact, little research has been carried out to quantify the energy saving potential of personalized ventilation. This study aimed to quantify the effect of ventilation effectiveness and control strategy on the energy performance and thermal comfort for an open plan office equipped by different types of ventilation systems, including mixing ventilation with constant air volume, demand control ventilation and personalized ventilation. A model was created in a program for dynamic energy simulations TRNSYS, representing one floor of a typical office building divided into four zones with different orientations and a core. Space heating and cooling were provided by ceiling fancoil units recirculating the room air, thus the tasks of ventilation and air conditioning were provided by two separate systems. The potential of personalized ventilation to save energy for fans and for the heating coil of the ventilation system presented about 70% compared to constant air volume mixing ventilation, however, the overall saving was only 20% when also the energy demand for space heating was considered. The energy benefit of demand control ventilation and personalized ventilation depends on the energy need for space heating and cooling, system configuration and operation, and occupancy.

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30

Iudicello, Santina, and Antonello Fadda. "A Road Map to a Comprehensive Regulation on Ventilation Technology for Operating Rooms." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 34, no. 8 (2013): 858–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/671261.

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Among strategies to reduce surgical site infection (SSI) risk, we concentrate on the optimization of the air quality through the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Current ventilation standards applied by some European countries have been compared and show uncertainty in the criteria for dimensioning the HVAC system. The development of a comprehensive regulation needs further discussion.

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31

Kryvomaz, Tetiana, Dmytro Varavin, and Rostyslav Sipakov. "Impact Assessment of the ventilation systems on microbiological safety and microclimatic conditions of premises." Dspace repository, no. 2020 (October 2020): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32557/issn.2640-9631.2020.1.

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The critical aspects of the impact of microbiological contamination on ventilation and air conditioning systems, the microclimate of the premises, and human health are analyzed. The quantitative and qualitative composition of the microflora of premises depends on their functional purpose, design features, operating conditions, climate, and other factors, among which the method of ventilation is essential. The moisturizers in the air conditioning system are hazardous, which provide bacteria and fungi with water necessary for their life and reproduction. In addition, contaminants accumulated in ventilation systems operate as a substrate for feeding microorganisms. Multi-story administrative, public, and residential buildings, industrial buildings, and other places of mass concentration are areas of increased aerobiological risk of infection. In case of improper operation, air conditioning and ventilation systems can be sources of microorganisms in any room. Transmission of infectious aerosol over long distances occurs in rooms with poor ventilation, and a key factor for the outbreak of infection is the direction of airflows. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations and international agencies to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 indoors recommend limiting the operation of exhaust ventilation and recirculation systems. However, there is still insufficient data to clarify the role of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in spreading infection. Risk assessment and decision-making on the choice of air conditioning systems should be dynamic and based on the scale of the pandemic and the verification of the characteristics of HVAC systems and their effectiveness.

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32

Kryvomaz, T., D. Varavin, R. Sipakov, and R. Kuzmishina. "Impact Assessment of the ventilation systems on microbiological safety and microclimatic conditions of premises." Ventilation, Illumination and Heat Gas Supply 35 (December 27, 2020): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2409-2606.2020.35.49-61.

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The critical aspects of the impact of microbiological contamination on ventilation and air conditioning systems, the microclimate of the premises, and human health are analyzed. The quantitative and qualitative composition of the microflora of premises depends on their functional purpose, design features, operating conditions, climate, and other factors, among which the method of ventilation is essential. The moisturizers in air conditioning system are hazardous, which provide bacteria and fungi with water necessary for their life and reproduction. In addition, contaminants accumulated in ventilation systems operate as a substrate for feeding microorganisms. Multi-story administrative, public and residential buildings, industrial buildings, and other places of mass concentration are areas of increased aerobiological risk of infection. In case of improper operation, air conditioning and ventilation systems can be sources of microorganisms in any room. Transmission of infectious aerosol over long distances occurs in rooms with poor ventilation, and a key factor for the outbreak of infection is the direction of airflows. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations and international agencies to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 indoors recommend limiting the operation of exhaust ventilation and recirculation systems. However, there is still insufficient data to clarify the role of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in spreading infection. Risk assessment and decision-making on the choice of air conditioning systems should be dynamic and based on the scale of the pandemic and the verification of the characteristics of HVAC systems and their effectiveness.

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33

Ibrahim Oleolo, Hayati Abdullah, Maziah Mohamad, Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar, Akmal Baharain, and Sapiah Sulaiman. "Multi-Circuit Air-Conditioning System Modelling for Temperature Control." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 83, no. 2 (2021): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.83.2.1424.

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The suitable application of innovative control strategies in Heating, Ventilation, and Air-conditioning systems is important to improving the energy efficiency and maintenance of temperature set point to improve thermal comfort in buildings. The increased focus on energy savings and appropriate thermal comfort has resulted in the necessity for more dynamic approach to the use of these controllers. However, the design of these controllers requires the use of an accurate dynamic modelling. Substantial progresses have been made in the past on model development to provide better control strategy to ensure energy savings without sacrificing thermal comfort and indoor air quality in the Heating, Ventilation, and Air-conditioning systems. However, there are scarce model using the data driven approach in the Multi-circuit air-conditioning system. This research, carried out a study on the choice of a dynamic model for an operating centralized multi-circuit water-cooled package unit air-conditioning system using a system identification procedure. Baseline data were collected and analyzed, the model development was achieved by processing, estimating and validating the data in system identification. Result shows that the Autoregressive-moving average with exogenous terms (ARMAX) of the third order model, established the best model structure with the highest Best Fit and Lowest Mean Square Error.

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34

Shukla, Shubham, Rajeev Arya, and Nilesh Diwakar. "A Review on Industrial Cooling System." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 6, no. 7 (2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v6i7.303.

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The modeling of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is a prominent topic because of its relationship with energy savings and environmental, economic, and technological issues. The modeling of the HVAC system is concerned with the indoor thermal sensation, which is related to the modeling of building, air handling unit (AHU) equipment’s, and indoor thermal processes. This paper shows the HVAC model and the Winter Air Conditioning System, Summer Air Conditioning System. Until now, many HVAC system modeling approaches are made available, and the techniques have become quite mature.

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35

Zhang, Zheng, Jin Feng Wang, Jing Xie, and Yi Tang. "Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Used in Simulation of Flow Distribution for Air Condition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (January 2013): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.111.

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In this article, the application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technology in the field of Heating Ventilation & Air Condition was introduced, and the research progress in optimizing the simulation of air-conditioned room was summarized. Some domestic and foreign studies on air conditioning operation and energy saving were illustrated about the effects of different installation locations, blow angles and air supply modes, which would provide a theoretical basis and scientific guidance for air-conditioning systems to optimize the design. Based on previous results, the development of further research on CFD in the simulation of air-conditioning in future was analyzed.

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36

Kumar, Dileep, Abdul Ghafoor Memon, Rizwan Ahmed Memon, Intizar Ali, and Natasa Nord. "Parametric study of condensation at heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning duct's external surface." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 39, no. 3 (2017): 328–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624417743119.

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The compression of insulation causes around a heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning duct usually resulted in dew formation around the outer surfaces because of low temperature, which causes significant energy and financial losses. The parameters such as supply air flow rate, supply air temperature, ambient air speed, and the convective heat transfer coefficient (ho) plays significant role in dew formation. In this paper, the parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of these parameters on the external surface temperature of the duct to avoid condensation. A mathematical model is developed to quantify these effects using preliminary data obtained from the heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning system of a pharmaceutical company. The results reveal that external surface temperature increases with an increase in insulation thickness and supply air temperature, whereas it decreases with higher supply air flow rate. It is estimated that the minimum insulation thickness at joint and bend should be maintained between 15–55 and 15–35 mm, respectively, with a variation in ho between 6 and 22 W/m2K to avoid condensation. Additionally, it is estimated that air flow rate should be greater than 1.4 m3/s at 10 W/m2 K and 2.2 m3/s at 22 W/m2 K. Similarly, the ambient air speed should be greater than 2.8 m/s at 6 W/m2 K, respectively. Practical application: Building services engineers have a paucity of information on the effects of the compression of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning duct thermal insulation. It can cause condensation that will adversely affect the insulation material, thereby increasing the maintenance cost as well increasing the heat loss from the duct so affecting the conditions of supply air. Proper insulation thickness and operating parameters are important for building owners and operators to control ongoing expenses of buildings. This paper seeks to quantify the effect of insulation compression to improve understanding so that this important area may be properly considered by the building services engineer.

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Kolosov, Michail A., Kirill S. Egorov, Bronislav B. Novitskiy, Nikolay S. Malastowski, and Larisa V. Stepanova. "Numerical modeling of ventilation and air conditions systems of large sport and culture centres." MATEC Web of Conferences 324 (2020): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032403008.

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One of the most promising applications of highly effective computer technology (supercomputers) is numerical simulation of complex physical and thermophysical proccesses occuring in vast areas of concert halls and sport arenas while heating, ventilating and air conditioning. According to Russian technical standarts for building construction, numerical modeling of these systems should be carried out on the stage of their design. The variety of problems and demands, lack of understanding of the physical process involved and the necessity to make genuine decisions are encountered while conducting such a work. The experience in modeling of ventilation and air conditioning systems of Bolshoi Krenlevskyi Palace concert halls and the Moscow Conservatory named after P.I. Chaikovskyi, Zaryadie Park Philarmony concert hall and a covered ice rink arena is described.

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Wang, Shiqiang, Jianchun Xing, Ziyan Jiang, and Yunchuang Dai. "A decentralized, model-free, global optimization method for energy saving in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 41, no. 4 (2019): 414–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624419862707.

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To solve the challenges of high labour and maintenance cost while saving energy in engineering, a decentralized agent-based model-free global optimization method for heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems is proposed. In this novel optimization method, each updated smart equipment is connected according to the physical relationships, such that it can communicate and collaborate with adjacent nodes. Furthermore, to achieve the overall optimal operation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, a decentralized evolutionary algorithm is developed. With the decentralized algorithm executed in all smart nodes in parallel with the feedback of sensor measurements instead of accurate device models, the system can achieve optimal coordination and avoid conflicts between correlated devices. The equivalence between the centralized and decentralized methods is proven. This method is confirmed to be effective through hardware testing based on actual engineering. Practical application: The traditional optimization methods for heating, ventilation and air conditioning are based on a centralized structure with a series of deficiencies, such as high maintenance and labour costs, link congestion and operational lag. This study presents a novel decentralized structure constructed using basic physical relations and a model-free method that possesses the advantages of plug-and-play, rapid development, great flexibility and convenience for engineering implementation without having to build a central monitor. The case study results validate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method.

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Sung, Wen-Pei, Ting-Yu Chen, Hsien-Jung Wang, Ben-Li Wang, and Bo-Wei Hsieh. "Improving Energy-Saving System of Building Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning, Water Heating and Lighting." Advanced Science Letters 13, no. 1 (2012): 611–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2012.3770.

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Kitbutrawat, Nathavuth, Chuanhsin Chen, Shugo Kajita, Hirozumi Yamaguchi, and Teruo Higashino. "Localization of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning by Walking in Smart Building." Sensors and Materials 32, no. 1 (2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18494/sam.2020.2622.

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Sánchez-Barroso, Gonzalo, and Justo García Sanz-Calcedo. "Application of Predictive Maintenance in Hospital Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Facilities." Emerging Science Journal 3, no. 5 (2019): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2019-01196.

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The variety of a hospital’s users leads to different levels of requirements relating to indoor environmental conditions. The responsibility for generating these favourable conditions for the pathologies treated in the different areas of a hospital lies with heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) system. They carry out the control of nosocomial infections. Consequently, establishing adequate maintenance plans for these facilities will have a high positive impact on economic and environmental management, on the one hand, and on people's health, on the other. The aim of this work is to analyse foreseeable information and results generated after applying condition-based maintenance (CBM) techniques. The Weibull distribution was used to model the distribution of equipment failures and the potential of the information obtained from applying the CBM methodology was highlighted. The results of this work represent an improvement in the working practise of the HVAC facilities hospital maintenance departments. They dispose of information to decide on investment in equipment taking into account maintenance costs. In addition, this allow analyse data to know current status of a piece of equipment or unit, thus establishing an optimized maintenance plan considering asset’s remaining useful life and associated maintenance costs.

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Chin, Jacky, Herlina, Shu-Chiang Lin, Satria Fadil Persada, Choesnul Jaqin, and Ilma Mufidah. "Preventive maintenance model for heating ventilation air conditioning in pharmacy manufacturing sector." International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management 11, no. 1 (2019): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13198-019-00923-5.

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Wu, Yaqing, Christos T. Maravelias, Michael J. Wenzel, Mohammad N. ElBsat, and Robert T. Turney. "Predictive maintenance scheduling optimization of building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems." Energy and Buildings 231 (January 2021): 110487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110487.

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Price, D. L., R. B. Simmons, I. M. Ezeonu, S. A. Crow, and D. G. Ahearn. "Colonization of fiberglass insulation used in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems." Journal of Industrial Microbiology 13, no. 3 (1994): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01584000.

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Dong, Jie. "Design of Micro-Positive Pressure Control System for Clean Plant Air Conditioning." Applied Mechanics and Materials 404 (September 2013): 599–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.404.599.

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With the increasing demands on heating and cooling, ventilation and cleanliness of modern clean plant, one of the most important topics for modern plant is to learn how to effectively control and management the air conditioning system to meet the requirements of production process on the air conditioning system. This article describes the specific circumstances of the air conditioning system in a coating line clean plant, brings up the design ideas and scheme of realizing plant air conditioning micro-positive pressure with network group control, and provides the control strategy of micro-positive pressure. It has been proved that the scheme has high application and promotion value.

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Budiaková, Mária. "Effective Ventilation and Heating Systems in Office Buildings." Advanced Materials Research 649 (January 2013): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.649.189.

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The paper is oriented on the effective ventilation, heating and cooling systems in office buildings by utilization of renewable energy sources. All these systems must be in mutual harmony and ensure thermal comfort. Ventilation system must use the power of wind, the heated air from the double skin facade, heat recovery system, preheating or cooling in the ground channel. In the summer, there must be used the night natural cooling of building. For the heating is the most suitable to use radiant floor heating (30%) in combination with radiant ceiling heating (70%). The next progressive way is the combination of new concrete core conditioning and floor convector heaters.

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Kang, Byung Ha, and Hyun Jin Lee. "A Review of Recent Research on Automotive HVAC Systems for EVs." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 25, no. 04 (2017): 1730003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132517300038.

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Automotive heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems are of particular interest from the viewpoint of improving fuel economy, especially in electric vehicles (EVs) such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), and battery electric vehicles (BEVs). This paper describes recent research on automotive air-conditioning and heating technologies after classifying them into heat pump applications, control and operation, heat exchangers, refrigerants, thermal comfort, localized HVAC systems, and additional energy-saving systems. Even though many researchers have applied the existing concepts and technologies for EVs, significant revamping efforts are necessary owing to the dynamic, transient, and local characteristics of vehicles.

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Yin, Haiguo, Angui Li, Linna Li, and Rui Wu. "Performance Evaluation of An Innovative Column Attachment Ventilation." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 01028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911101028.

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An innovative column attachment ventilation (CAV) was proposed for heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems and its performance was evaluated through experimental investigation and numerical modeling. Airflow pattern, air temperature distribution, air diffusion performance index (ADPI), predicted mean vote (PMV), and draught rate (DR), were used as the performance indicators to investigate the air distribution performance. The ventilation effectiveness for heat removal in the CAV mode was compared with a conventional mixing ventilation (MV). The results showed that the discharged air from the linear slot diffuser can attach to the column and enter into the occupied zone creating air lake phenomenon. The airflow spread over the floor in a radial pattern behaved as a stratified air distribution like displacement ventilation (DV), providing good air quality and comfort level for occupants. Moreover, the heat removal effectiveness in the CAV was found to be higher than in the MV, i.e. 1.32 in the C-CAV and 1.29 in the S-CAV modes. The column attachment ventilation can achieve thermal comfort in the occupied zone without local discomfort caused by high vertical temperature difference and draught, and this ventilation strategy could be expected as a new and efficient air distribution pattern for different HVAC applications.

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Ayaz, Murat, Volkan Aygül, Ferhat Düzenli˙, and Erkutay Tasdemi˙rci˙. "Comparative Study on Control Methods for Air Conditioning of Industrial Paint Booths." Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine 11, no. 11 (2019): 1053–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asem.2019.2454.

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It is of great importance that each product in industrial production facilities is to be produced in the same quality and standard. Especially in the automotive industry, the painting process needs to be done under certain environmental conditions according to the paint properties used. Therefore, the temperature, humidity and air quality values of the paint booth are very important for a quality painting operation. In this study, adaptive control has been proposed to control of one-zone heating-ventilation system for the paint booths. The system has been modelled by using the Matlab/Simulink. Performance of the proposed control method has been compared with conventional control methods such as On/Off, PID, fuzzy logic in terms of accuracy, efficiency and response time. Simulation results show that the proposed adaptive control is effective in the Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems temperature control applications. In addition, energy efficiency in HVAC systems has been provided with the proposed control model. Furthermore, thermal analysis of the system has been done to corroborate simulation results.

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Merabet, Ghezlane Halhoul, Mohamed Essaaidi, and Driss Benhaddou. "A dynamic model for human thermal comfort for smart building applications." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 234, no. 4 (2019): 472–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651819865795.

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Thermal comfort is closely related to the evaluation of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. It can be seen as the result of the perception of the occupants of a given environment, and it is the product of the interaction of a number of personal and environmental factors. Otherwise, comfort issues still do not play an important role in the daily operation of commercial buildings. However, in the workplace, local quality effects, in addition to the health, the productivity that has a significant impact on the performance of the activities. In this regard, researchers have conducted, for decades, investigations related to thermal comfort and indoor environments, which includes developing models and indices through experimentations to establish standards to evaluate comfort and factors and set-up parameters for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. However, to our best knowledge, most of the research work reported in the literature deals only with parameters that are not dynamically tracked. This work aims to propose a prototype for comfort measuring through a wireless sensor network and then presenting a model for thermal comfort prediction. The developed model can be used to set up a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system to meet the expected comfort level. In particular, the obtained results show that there is a strong correlation between users’ comfort and variables such as age, gender, and body mass index as a function of height and weight.

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