Relevant bibliographies by topics / Air Fuel Ratio (AFR)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Air Fuel Ratio (AFR)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Air Fuel Ratio (AFR)"

1

Kim, J., T. Kang, and S. K. Kauh. "Transient air-fuel ratio control of a multi-point injection engine with an integration-type ultrasonic flowmeter." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 215, no. 3 (2001): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407011525719.

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An integration-type flowmeter, composed of an ultrasonic flowmeter and an integration circuit, is used to measure the air mass for transient air-fuel ratio (AFR) control of a port fuel injection (PFI) spark ignition engine. Also, the air mass and required fuel mass in the cylinder are accurately calculated for precise AFR control. The proposed method can significantly improve the accuracy of measuring air mass inducted through a throttle valve. Air mass passing into a cylinder is estimated using the measured air mass at the throttle valve and intake manifold pressure. A simple two-constant fue
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Wu, Wei Bin, Tian Sheng Hong, Jin Xing Guo, Xian Mao Liu, Xie Ming Guo, and Sheng Hao Wu. "Study of Air-Fuel Ratio Analyzer Based on CAN Bus." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 946–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.946.

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Air-Fuel Radio (AFR) analyzer technology is basically mastered by monopolies of developed country nowadays. Due to the lack of development in China, it has a strong practical value to study the accurate, rapid response and portable air-fuel ratio analyzer. This article is based on the AFR calculation model microcomputer hardware and software system design, background monitoring software design and debugging and measurement system, and on the choice of universal oxygen sensor calibration laboratory, establishing a wide-range of oxygen sensor output voltage and AFR model. The main features of AF
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Rifki Sulthan, Angky Puspawan, and Agus Nuramal. "PENGARUH AIR FUEL RATIO (AFR) TERHADAP EFISIENSI TURBIN GAS." Rekayasa Mekanika 7, no. 2 (2024): 75–81. https://doi.org/10.33369/rekayasamekanika.v7i2.34064.

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Gas turbine efficiency is an indicator to determine the performance of a generator. The greater the efficiency value of the gas turbine in a generator, the better the performance of the generator. One of the things that affect the value of the efficiency of a gas turbine is the air fuel ratio. Air Fuel Ratio (AFR) is the ratio of the amount of air and fuel in the combustion process in units of mass or volume. Air fuel ratio is a factor that affects the perfection of the combustion process in the combustion chamber. In the graphic image it can be seen that the lowest AFR values are on July 3 an
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Angky, Puspawan, Rifki Sulthan, Agus Suandi, and Yovan Witanto. "THE EFFECT OF AIR FUEL RATIO (AFR) ON EFFICIENCY OF GAS TURBINE ON UNIT 2 OF GAS POWER PLANT PT. PLN (PERSERO) KRAMASAN PALEMBANG-SOUTH SUMATERA PROVINCE." Teknosia 17, no. 1 (2023): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/teknosia.v17i1.28754.

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Gas turbine efficiency is an indicator to determine the performance of a generator. The greater the efficiency value of the gas turbine in a generator, the better the performance of the generator. One of the things that affect the value of the efficiency of a gas turbine is the air fuel ratio. Air Fuel Ratio (AFR) is the ratio of the amount of air and fuel in the combustion process in units of mass or volume. Air fuel ratio is a factor that affects the perfection of the combustion process in the combustion chamber. In the graphic image it can be seen that the lowest AFR values ​​are on July 3
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Teng, Qin, Xiang Gong, and Peng An. "Adaptive Prediction of Transient Air Fuel Ratio Based on Forgetting Factor Algorithm for a Coal-Bed Gas Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 814–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.814.

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In order to solve the problems of pumping fluctuations and bandwidth limitation to dynamic air fuel ratio (AFR) control for a coal-bed gas engine, adaptive models for air mass flow rate and fuel gas mass flow rate in intake system and exhaust AFR were constructed by a recursive identification method based on the forgetting factor (FF) algorithm. A linear time-varying equation error model was selected as the structure of the adaptive models. Firstly, the throttle position and crankshaft speed signals were used to predict the air and fuel gas flow rates. Secondly, the AFR was predicted in real t
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Li, Yue, En Zhe Song, Zhan Hu Zhang, Guo Feng Zhao, and Shuai Huang. "Study on the Effect of Fuzzy PID Air-Fuel Ratio Closed Loop Control of a Natural Gas Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 577 (July 2014): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.577.372.

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The air-fuel ratio (AFR) control becomes an important research direction in gas engine. This article conducts air-fuel ratio (AFR) closed loop control research in a CNG engine. The injection pulse width of gas is controlled by a controller, oxygen sensor signal as a feedback signal. In order to make the engine can achieve the anticipated air-fuel ratio under different conditions; we adopt fuzzy self-tuning PID control strategy based on feed forward control. We transformed a 2135G diesel engine into the single fuel gas engine. Experimental investigation on the effect of air-fuel ratio closed lo
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Wu, X., K. Li, and D. Jiang. "Investigation of air-fuel ratio control using ionic current signal." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 221, no. 9 (2007): 1139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070jauto359.

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The objective of this paper is to investigate the control of air-fuel ratio (AFR) using an ionic current signal. Experimental measurements have been carried out to study the characteristics of the ionic current signal near ignition poles in a constant-volume combustion bomb. The ionic signal is characterized by a front flame and post flame during combustion. The intensity of the ionic signal strongly depends on the AFR at the time of combustion. The maximum values in both the front flame and the post flame will occur at close to the stoichiometric value. Furthermore, minimum values of the dura
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Suwodjo, Raden Agustinus, and Zulkifilie Ibrahim. "Modeling of the Adaptive HHO Controller to Improve Air-Fuel Ratio of Gasoline Engine." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 133, no. 1 (2025): 160–76. https://doi.org/10.37934/aram.133.1.160176.

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In practice, gasoline engine torque is improved using hydrogen-hydrogen-oxygen gas (HHO) supplementation, which adheres to the fixed HHO flow rate method. However, the arising hypothesis reveals that the fixed HHO flow rate method does not optimally improve an engine’s air-fuel ratio (AFR) for various loads, so engine torque is not optimal. The research aims to propose a model of an adaptive HHO controller, which manages the electric current of the HHO generator so that the produced HHO flow rate adapts to engine speed and load variations. Hence, the AFR is optimal for any engine operation. Th
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Wang, Changhui, and Zhiyuan Liu. "Estimation of Individual Cylinder Air-Fuel Ratio in Gasoline Engine with Output Delay." Journal of Sensors 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5908459.

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The estimation of the individual cylinder air-fuel ratio (AFR) with a single universal exhaust gas oxygen (UEGO) sensor installed in the exhaust pipe is an important issue for the cylinder-to-cylinder AFR balancing control, which can provide high-quality torque generation and reduce emissions in multicylinder engine. In this paper, the system dynamic for the gas in exhaust pipe including the gas mixing, gas transport, and sensor dynamics is described as an output delay system, and a new method using the output delay system observer is developed to estimate the individual cylinder AFR. With the
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Meng, Lei, Xiaofeng Wang, Chunnian Zeng, and Jie Luo. "Adaptive Air-Fuel Ratio Regulation for Port-Injected Spark-Ignited Engines Based on a Generalized Predictive Control Method." Energies 12, no. 1 (2019): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12010173.

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The accurate air-fuel ratio (AFR) control is crucial for the exhaust emission reduction based on the three-way catalytic converter in the spark ignition (SI) engine. The difficulties in transient cylinder air mass flow measurement, the existing fuel mass wall-wetting phenomenon, and the unfixed AFR path dynamic variations make the design of the AFR controller a challenging task. In this paper, an adaptive AFR regulation controller is designed using the feedforward and feedback control scheme based on the dynamical modelling of the AFR path. The generalized predictive control method is proposed
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Air Fuel Ratio (AFR)"

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Bai, Yang. "Studies on SI engine simulation and air/fuel ratio control systems design." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8342.

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More stringent Euro 6 and LEV III emission standards will immediately begin execution on 2014 and 2015 respectively. Accurate air/fuel ratio control can effectively reduce vehicle emission. The simulation of engine dynamic system is a very powerful method for developing and analysing engine and engine controller. Currently, most engine air/fuel ratio control used look-up table combined with proportional and integral (PI) control and this is not robust to system uncertainty and time varying effects. This thesis first develops a simulation package for a port injection spark-ignition engine and t
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Rajagopalan, Sai S. V. "Model Based Control Design And Rapid Calibration For Air To Fuel Ratio Control Of Stoichiometric Engines." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1221851638.

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Wolfram, Kyle Martin. "Characterization of air to fuel ratio control and non-selective catalytic reduction on an integral compressor engine." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/742.

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Lundin, Eva. "Adaptive air-fuel ratio control for combustion engines." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-56651.

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<p>Around the world, vehicle emission regulations become stricter, increasing exhaust emission demands. To manage these rules and regulations, vehicle manufacturers put a lot of effort into minimizing the exhaust emissions. The three-way catalytic converter was developed, and today it is the most commonly used device to control the exhaust emissions.</p><p>To work properly the catalytic converter needs to control the air-fuel mixture with great precision. This then increases the demands on the engine management systems, causing them to become more complex. With increased complexity, the time e
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Brandstetter, Markus. "Robust air-fuel ratio control for combustion engines." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627144.

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Han, Yongping. "Spark plug based diagnostics for fuel-air ratio determination." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/MQ33969.pdf.

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Wang, Shiwei. "Advanced air fuel ratio control of automotive si engines." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438766.

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O'Reilly, Paul Gerard. "Applications of neural networks for engine air-fuel ratio control." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241426.

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Leisenring, Kenneth C. "IC engine air/fuel ratio feedback control during cold-start." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1269527559.

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Mehrotra, Rahul. "Air fuel ratio control of spark-ignition engines using sliding modes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0028/MQ31398.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Air Fuel Ratio (AFR)"

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DuBeau, Robert William. An investigation of the effects of fuel composition on combustion characteristics in a T-63 combustor. Naval Postgraduate School, 1985.

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2

K, Mongia Rajiv, Dibble Robert W, and NASA Glenn Research Center, eds. Real-time optical fuel-to-air ratio sensor for gas turbine combustors. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 1999.

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K, Mongia Rajiv, Dibble Robert W, and NASA Glenn Research Center, eds. Real-time optical fuel-to-air ratio sensor for gas turbine combustors. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 1999.

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K, Mongia Rajiv, Dibble Robert W, and NASA Glenn Research Center, eds. Real-time optical fuel-to-air ratio sensor for gas turbine combustors. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 1999.

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Perkins, Hugh Douglas. Effects of fuel distribution on detonation tube performance. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2002.

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A, Strehlow Roger, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering Dept., and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. The behavior of fuel-lean premixed flames in a standard flammability limit tube under controlled gravity conditions. Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering Dept., University of Illinois, 1986.

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A, Strehlow Roger, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering Dept, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, eds. The behavior of fuel-lean premixed flames in a standard flammability limit tube under controlled gravity conditions. Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering Dept., University of Illinois, 1986.

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A, Strehlow Roger, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering Dept, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, eds. The behavior of fuel-lean premixed flames in a standard flammability limit tube under controlled gravity conditions. Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering Dept., University of Illinois, 1986.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Structure of a swirl-stabilized combusting spray. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., 1995.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Structure of a swirl-stabilized combusting spray. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Air Fuel Ratio (AFR)"

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Tiara, T., Miftahul Djana, Dina Endang Ristanti, and Ananda Amelia Yusuf. "Air Fuel Ratio (AFR) and Temperature’s Effects on Syngas Composition and Calorific Value Using a Coconut Shell Downdraft Gasifier." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Industry Science Technology and Sustainability (IConISTS 2023). Atlantis Press International BV, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-475-4_12.

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Duan, Lunbo, and Lin Li. "OCAC Technology in Oxy-Fuel Combustion for Carbon Capture." In Oxygen-Carrier-Aided Combustion Technology for Solid-Fuel Conversion in Fluidized Bed. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9127-1_4.

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AbstractOxy-fuel combustion is regarded as one of the most promising carbon capture and storage technologies to mitigate the climate change, which has been widely studied and demonstrated in academia and industry. In the oxy-fuel process, a mixture of recycled flue gas and pure O2 obtained from an air separation unit is introduced into the combustion chamber to replace air as oxidant gas. Therefore, high concentration of CO2 can be obtained in flue gas, which is suitable for the subsequent carbon storage and utilization. It also has other advantages, such as low NOx emission, easy scale-up, an
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Song, Jia-Liang, Hua Chen, Yong-Dong Chen, Gai-Ge Yu, Hong-Wei Zou, and Bing-Chuan Han. "Coupled Heat Transfer Characteristics of SiC High Temperature Heat Exchanger in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." In Proceedings of the 10th Hydrogen Technology Convention, Volume 1. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8631-6_23.

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AbstractHigh temperature heat exchanger is a crucial equipment in the BOP of SOFC. Replacing the commonly used metal materials with high-temperature resistant SiC ceramic materials for the manufacturing of SOFC high-temperature heat exchanger is a revolutionary technology with great application potential. This paper focused on SiC-based cathodic air preheater which is a novel SOFC high temperature heat exchanger, and firstly investigated the coupled radiation-conduction-convection heat transfer characteristics between flue gas and air at extremely high temperature conditions. The DO model in A
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Zhou, Jiaxu, Zhifei Fang, and Huichao Deng. "Effect of Fan Parameters on Forced-Convection Open-Cathode Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." In Proceedings of the 10th Hydrogen Technology Convention, Volume 1. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8631-6_42.

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AbstractForced-convection open-cathode proton exchange membrane fuel cells have attracted much attention due to simple structure. The fan, as an important component of the stack, significantly influences the mass density and performance of the stack. Therefore, it is crucial to select the appropriate fan. In this study, the performance of stacks with different fans is compared and the optimal duty ratio and temperature of stacks under different load currents are determined. The experimental results show that excessive air volume reduces the performance of the stack, and the parasitic power sho
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Vats, Ankur, Vivek Kumar, and Saquib Reza. "Experimental Investigation of Flame Speed of Fuel–Air Mixture for Varying Air/Fuel Ratio." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5849-3_2.

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Rivera, Jorge, Javier Espinoza-Jurado, and Alexander Loukianov. "Super-Twisting Air/Fuel Ratio Control for Spark Ignition Engines." In Advances and Applications in Sliding Mode Control systems. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11173-5_7.

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Sasayama, Takao, Seiko Suzuki, Minoru Ohsuga, and Sadayasu Ueno. "Air-Fuel Ratio Sensors for Automotive Use Utilizing ZrO2 Electrolytes." In Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470320419.ch7.

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Shaari, Mohd Fazri, Shahril Nizam Mohamed, Surenthar Magalinggam, et al. "Optimization of Air-Fuel Ratio and Compression Ratio to Increase the Performance of Hydrogen Port Fuel Injection Engines." In Engineering Applications for New Materials and Technologies. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72697-7_34.

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Chen, Zhongtian, Kai Wang, Chen Shen, et al. "The Gasoline Engine Starting Strategy Based on Air–Fuel Ratio Control." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45043-7_47.

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Trimboli, Sergio, Stefano Di Cairano, Alberto Bemporad, and Ilya V. Kolmanovsky. "Model Predictive Control with Delay Compensation for Air-to-Fuel Ratio Control." In Time Delay Systems: Methods, Applications and New Trends. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25221-1_24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Air Fuel Ratio (AFR)"

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Amini, Ali, Mehdi Mirzaei, and Rahim Khoshbakhti Saray. "Control of Air Fuel Ratio in SI Engine Using Optimization." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24905.

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The air fuel ratio (AFR) control is one of the effective methods to reduce emission and fuel consumption in spark ignition (SI) engines. Due to the hard nonlinearities existing in the engine dynamics model, a nonlinear controller should be designed for AFR control. In this Paper, an optimization-based nonlinear control law is developed for injected fuel mass flow to maintain AFR in the stoichiometric value. Simulation results show that the AFR in the controlled system is very close to the desired value, unlike the uncontrolled system in which the AFR has intensive fluctuations.
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Hu, Yiran, Sai S. V. Rajagopalan, Stephen Yurkovich, and Yann Guezennec. "System Identification for Air/Fuel Ratio Modeling Using Switching Sensors." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42377.

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Modeling the internal combustion engine for air-to-fuel ratio (AFR) control has been widely studied and several methodologies have been adopted toward the end goal of applying model based control schemes. In this paper, an online binary sensor identification (BID) technique using switching sensors is adopted for modeling the response from fuel input to AFR output of a spark-ignited, internal combustion engine, to be used in AFR control. In general terms, the algorithm identifies the impulse response of a linear time invariant (LTI) system by choosing an optimal sequence of inputs. The entire m
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Pace, Stephen, and Guoming G. Zhu. "Optimal LQ Transient Air-to-Fuel Ratio Control of an Internal Combustion Engine." In ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-6004.

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Most modern spark ignited (SI) internal combustion engines maintain their air-to-fuel ratio (AFR) at a desired level to maximize the three-way catalyst conversion efficiency and to extend its life. However, maintaining the engine AFR during its transient operation is quite challenging due to rapid changes of driver demands. Conventional transient AFR control is based upon the inverse dynamics of the engine port-fuel-injection well-wetting dynamics and the measured mass air flow rate. This paper develops a dynamic linear quadratic (LQ) tracking controller to regulate the AFR using a control ori
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Wu, Hsiu-Ming, and Reza Tafreshi. "Air-Fuel Ratio Control of Lean-Burn SI Engines Using Fuzzy Sliding-Model Technique." In ASME 2017 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2017-5162.

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Minimization of the carbon dioxide and harmful pollutants emissions and maximization of fuel economy for the lean-burn spark ignition (SI) engines significantly rely on precise air-fuel ratio (AFR) control. However, the main challenge of AFR control is the large time-varying delay which exists in lean-burn engines. Since the system is usually subject to external disturbances and uncertainties, a high level of robustness in the AFR control design has to be considered. Herein, a fuzzy sliding-mode control (FSMC) technique is proposed to track the desired AFR in the presence of periodic disturban
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Jammoussi, Hassene, and Imad Makki. "Adaptive Air Fuel Ratio Controls in Presence of Oxygen Sensor Faults." In ASME 2015 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2015-9858.

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Fault monitoring of the upstream universal exhaust gas oxygen (UEGO) sensor, as mandated by the California air resources board (CARB), is a necessary action to maintain the performance of the operation of the air-fuel ratio (AFR) control system and indicate the need for maintenance when a fault is present which could potentially lead to exceeding the emissions limits. When the UEGO sensor fault is accurately diagnosed, i.e. fault is detected, direction is identified and magnitude is estimated, tuning of the controller gains can be performed accurately with minimal calibration efforts. Presente
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Prucka, Robert G., Zoran S. Filipi, Jonathan R. Hagena, and Dennis N. Assanis. "Cycle-by-Cycle Air-to-Fuel Ratio Calculation During Transient Engine Operation Using Fast Response CO and CO2 Sensors." In ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2012-92094.

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Stringent engine emission regulations highlight the importance of proper engine control during transient operation. In recent years, fast emissions analyzers that measure CO and CO2 simultaneously have allowed for fast air-to-fuel ratio (AFR) calculation under steady-state engine operation. However, using a steady-state methodology to calculate AFR under transient conditions can lead to significant data interpretation errors. This research introduces an experimental cycle-by-cycle AFR calculation routine developed for transient operation using cycle-resolved CO2 and CO analyzers. Need for the
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Bagade, Monika Jayprakash, Himadri Das, Deepak Mandloi, and Harini R. "Non Linear Estimator Design for Air to Fuel Ratio Measurement Using Neural Network Based Approach in Spark Ignited Engine." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0382.

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&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Precise measurement of Air-fuel ratio (AFR) or Lambda value plays a substantial role in controlling exhaust emission from an internal combustion engine. Estimation of AFR is a significant factor to determine the engine performance and to optimize the catalyst conversion efficiency which has direct impact on increase or decrease of emissions. Most of the production two-wheeler engine determines AFR by using non-linear lambda sensor (Narrow band oxygen sensor) but it limits the AFR control due to restrictions in its perfor
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Liu, Yiqiang, Jun Zhong, Pengfei Qian, et al. "AFR Adaptation Strategy Based on Lambda Sensor for a Methanol Engine." In SAE 2024 Vehicle Powertrain Diversification Technology Forum. SAE International, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4271/2025-01-7039.

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&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Methanol is an main type clean energy and it taken important part for the future internal combustion engine technology. The Equivalent air-fuel ratio (AFR) is very import for the engine combustion of methanol. And a lot of case the ratio between methanol and gasoline is not the constant number. There are no studies about AFR when fuel ratio is arbitrary in the currently. The AFR changes obviously if the tank was fueled with gasoline by mistake at a methanol spark ignition engine. Emission will be affected heavily at this
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Simmons, Timothy C., and Larry J. Markoski. "Innovative Carburetor Design with Dynamic Air to Fuel Ratio (AFR) Control for Improved Fuel Economy and Reduced Emissions." In JSAE/SAE Small Engine Technologies Conference & Exhibition. Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-32-0003.

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&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An innovative carburetor system has been developed for use in single cylinder small engines. The carburetor has been implemented on a 79cc 4 stroke portable gasoline generator for the purposes of illustrating its effect in reducing emissions, engine deposits and improving fuel economy without re-jetting the carburetor. This method of carburetion dynamically tunes the venturi effect in the carburetor, allowing for air density, fuel viscosity and fuel type compensation for optimal AFR. Modified and stock generators were te
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Yang, Kuo, and Pingen Chen. "Model Predictive Air-Fuel Ratio Control for an Integrated Gasoline Engine and Three-Way Catalytic Converter System." In ASME 2018 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2018-9072.

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With increasingly demanding regulations on engine emission and fuel efficiency, the optimization of the internal combustion engine and the after-treatment integrated system has become a critical research focus. To address such an issue, this paper aims to achieve a better trade-off between the fuel consumption of a spark-ignited (SI) engine and emission conversion efficiencies of a Three-Way Catalytic converter (TWC) system. A Model Predictive Control (MPC)-based integrated engine and TWC control methodology is presented, which is able to optimize Air/Fuel Ratio (AFR) to maintain oxygen storag
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Reports on the topic "Air Fuel Ratio (AFR)"

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Bacon and Olsen. PR-179-13202-R01 Field Evaluation of a Continental Controls Corp. NSCR NOx Sensor Control System. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010203.

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Emissions compliance of stationary engines can be successful with the application of a non-selective catalytic reduction (NSCR) after treatment system. To accomplish this, the equivalence ratio (?) must be precisely controlled within a narrow range near stoichiometric conditions. The ability for Air Fuel Ratio (AFR) control systems to maintain the engine equivalence ratio in the required narrow operating range long term under field conditions has not been established. This project builds upon prior work at the Colorado State University (CSU) Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory (EECL) to d
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Roby, Richard J., Michael S. Klassen, Diwakar Vashistat, Richard Joklik, and Andre Marshall. High Fuel-Air Ratio (FAR) Combustor Modeling. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada414474.

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Bothwell and Beshouri. PR-309-13208-R01 Field Demonstration of the Benefits of Continuous Engine Performance Monitoring for CORE. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010832.

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Prior PRCI funded projects, identified the ability of a Continuous Engine Performance Monitor, (CEPM) to fulfill the likelihood of industry acceptance as a Performance Monitoring alternative to a Continuous Emission Monitoring System CEMS in future monitoring requirements for typical pipeline engines. This current project installed a CEPM monitoring system on a pipeline engine equipped with a CEMS and assessed the ability of this CEPM system to detect potential engine emission excursions. In summary, successful implementation of a CEPM system requires functioning knowledge of the test engine i
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Beshouri and Richter. PR-309-04200-R02 Field Testing of Ion Sense and Pressure Ratio Technology On a TLA-6. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010740.

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This project conducted field optimization and long term testing on a typical Two Stroke Cycle (2SC) Lean bum pipeline engine to assess the feasibility of cylinder level diagnostics, air/fuel ratio balancing and air/fuel ratio control using ion sensing. Compare the performance with current and potential in-cylinder pressure based methods.
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Ladd, Neuner, and Olsen. PR-179-13207-R01 Variable Fuel Composition Air Fuel Ratio Control of Lean Burn Engines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010864.

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This research evaluates the effects of variable fuel quality on a large bore 2 stroke natural gas engine by varying ethane in the fuel gas from 5 to 25%. Four control strategies were evaluated at ~2 g/bhp-hr NOx, constant boost control, trapped gas ratio (TGR) control, trapped equivalence ratio (TER) control and a novel NOx sensor feedback control methodology. These control approaches were evaluated during variations in intake manifold temperature, relative humidity, ethane volume percentage, and engine speed. Emissions, combustion parameters, controller performance, and engine performance wer
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Brunner, Huschenbett, and Beshouri. PR-336-06206-R01 Engine Control for Legacy Engines - Cylinder and Cycle Level Control. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010041.

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The reduction or even elimination of cylinder to cylinder combustion variation and cycle-to-cycle combustion instability may result in further nitrous oxides (NOx) reductions at the same engine average air/fuel ratio (and hence turbocharger operating point) or allow operation at a leaner air/fuel ratio before the onset of instability. Reductions in imbalance and instability can also reduce carbon pollutant emissions, reduce break specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and improve engine operability. Achieving these goals requires a better understanding of the sources and impacts of that imbalance an
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Chapman. PR-266-9920-R01 Development and Prototyping of a Variable Geometry Turbocharger. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010962.

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Turbochargers are used to either increase engine power output or reduce air pollutants by increasing the trapped air-to-fuel ratio. An increasing need has arisen for the turbocharger compressor to operate at an ever-increasing pressure ratio while maintaining a broad operating range. Unfortunately, the operational physics of a turbocharger limits the operating range as the pressure ratio is increased. This project evaluates the alternatives to increase the engine operating range by using variable vanes on turbocharger compressor.
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Li, Dinggen, and Yang Ye. The Control of Air-Fuel Ratio of the Engine Based on Model Predictive Control. SAE International, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2012-32-0050.

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Geyer, Klaus, Christine Hallé, and Heiko Roßkamp. Fast Response Measurement of Combustion Air to Fuel Ratio for Stratified Two-Stroke Engines. SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0109.

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Beshouri, Huschenbett, and Bothwell. PR-360-08207-R01 Cylinder Level Sensing and Control on Typical Pipeline Engines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010693.

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Further reductions in NOx emissions while maintaining optimum engine performance can only be obtained by improving engine combustion control at the cylinder level. This requires cylinder level sensors capable of continuously monitoring combustion performance in both the main combustion chamber (MCC) and the pre-combustion chamber (PCC) and electronically actuated valves that can respond to those measurements. Until recently, in-PCC combustion measurements on spark ignited engines were only possible in the laboratory using very expensive pressure sensors with extremely short lives. Ion Sense of
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