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Journal articles on the topic 'Air route'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 September 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Li, Jie, Di Shen, Fuping Yu, and Duo Qi. "A Method for Air Route Network Planning of Urban Air Mobility." Aerospace 11, no. 7 (2024): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11070584.

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Urban air mobility is an effective solution to address the current issue of ground traffic congestion in future cities. However, as the user scale continues to expand, the current civil aviation flight scheduling and control methods are becoming inadequate to meet the high-volume flight guarantee demands of future urban air transportation. In order to effectively handle and resolve potential issues in this field in the future, this paper proposes a method for planning urban air mobility route networks. The planning process is divided into two stages: construction and optimization. Methods for

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Li, Shan, Honghai Zhang, Zhuolun Li, and Hao Liu. "Air Route Design of Multi-Rotor UAVs for Urban Air Mobility." Drones 8, no. 10 (2024): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones8100601.

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UAVs will present significant air traffic in the urban airspace in the future, which brings new challenges to urban air traffic management and control. This paper presents an air route design scheme for multi-rotor UAVs in urban airspace to enable UAV operations at orderly levels. The air routes include legs and intersections, which are the three-dimensional channels of UAV flight. Based on the concept of structured and layered urban airspace, the cylindrical pipeline flight leg is designed, and the operation concept, characteristic parameters and flight procedures of along-road and roundabout

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Hanifah, Mutiara Ayu Umi, Djoko Jatmoko, Lina Rosmayanti, and Umi Salamah. "DESAIN AIR TRAFFIC SERVICE ROUTE PENERBANGAN SURABAYA MENUJU SINGAPURA DAN MALAYSIA GUNA EFISIENSI PENERBANGAN." Jurnal Manajemen Dirgantara 17, no. 1 (2024): 282–90. https://doi.org/10.56521/manajemen-dirgantara.v17i1.1184.

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Air traffic service (ATS) routes are essential to optimize flight efficiency, safety, security, and comfort. This study aims to improve safety, operational efficiency, air traffic management, and pilot comfort in the airspace managed by Perum LPPNPI Surabaya Branch by designing a new ATS route. The existing international ATS route from Surabaya to Singapore and Malaysia is limited to one path via RAMPY and SUMDI, which causes inefficiency, traffic conflict, and pilot discomfort. To address these issues, this study conducted an extensive analysis of air traffic data, conflict risk, and operatio

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Xin, Lai, Zhao De Cun, Huang Long Yang, and Wu D. Ti. "Hybrid Air Route Network Simulation Based on Improved RW-Bucket Algorithm." International Journal of Information Technologies and Systems Approach 15, no. 1 (2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitsa.304808.

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The fixed-route network is the basis for airlines to carry out flight direction planning. Some countries and regions have introduced temporary routes as a supplement to the fixed route structure. Temporary routes have the advantages of intercepting curves and straightening, and less detouring areas, which can save airlines fuel consumption and improve operational efficiency. This article takes the mixed airline's route network as the research object. Firstly, the structural properties of mixed air route networks are analyzed by using complex network theory. Secondly, the RW-bucket algorithm to

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Wilson-Davis, S. L., S. L. Tonkin, and T. R. Gunn. "Air entry in infant resuscitation: oral or nasal routes?" Journal of Applied Physiology 82, no. 1 (1997): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1997.82.1.152.

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Wilson-Davis, S. L., S. L. Tonkin, and T. R. Gunn. Air entry in infant resuscitation: oral or nasal routes?. J. Appl. Physiol.82(1): 152–155, 1997.—The current recommendation for resuscitation of infants is to blow air into both the nose and mouth. We have observed that mothers cannot cover both the nose and mouth of their infants. We compared postmortem tracheal and esophageal air entry by using the nose, combined nose and mouth, and mouth routes in eight infants. Air entry into the trachea occurred at lower pressures ( P < 0.05) via a nose mask than via a combined nose and mouth mask or v

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Juniartha, Christian Adrian, Surya Tri Saputra, and Eka Justiciana Kusumawati. "Rancangan Air Traffic Service Route antara VOR “GTL” Gorontalo dan VOR “MKS” Makassar." Jurnal Manajemen Dirgantara 17, no. 2 (2024): 350–73. https://doi.org/10.56521/manajemen-dirgantara.v17i2.1185.

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The Djalaluddin Gorontalo Airport is the main gateway facility for air transportation that connects Gorontalo province with other regions. Air navigation services at Djalaluddin Gorontalo airport are organized by Perum LPPNPI Gorontalo Sub-Branch. Djalaluddin Gorontalo Airport serves various flight routes to and from Gorontalo. One of the flight routes served is the Makassar - Gorontalo - Makassar flight route. In providing air traffic services and handling the flight, there is no route connecting Makassar and Gorontalo so the W32 route is used. Route W32 is an ATS Route that is frequently tra

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7

Gorelov, R. I. "ALSIB: HISTORICAL STUDIES FROM 1991 TO 2021." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 4 (67) (2024): 99–106. https://doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2024-4-99-106.

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The article explores the historiography of one of the important Lend-Lease routes – the ALSIB (Alaska-Siberia). Despite the difficulties encountered during the construction of the route, more aircraft were delivered via this route compared to other Lend-Lease routes. By analyzing historical works published between 1991 and 2021, the article presents the main tendencies in studying both Lend-Lease and the Alaska-Siberia air route. In Soviet historiography, the air route was often examined within the broader context of the Lend-Lease program, with many works being ideological. Following the “arc

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8

Yuliana, Dina. "Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Perubahan Rute Penerbangan Non Komersial (Perintis) Menjadi Rute Penerbangan Komersial." Warta Penelitian Perhubungan 24, no. 3 (2019): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/warlit.v24i3.1012.

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The Research aims to identify the factors that affects the pioneering flight routes change to route commercial. This research use sample purpose to get the sample to observed. Factor analysis is used to obtain neuJ factors as the criteria to change non-commercial route (pioneer) to commercial route. The results of this study obtained four factors from the highest to the lawest of importance level that is potential routes (22.04%), air transport companies that operated (21.43%), air fare and airtransportation networks (19.43%), then air transport demand (15%).Keywords: pioneer route changes, co

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Patil, RS, PE Nagaraj, P. Bhattacharyya, and A. Paulraj. "Tactical Air Route Planning." IETE Journal of Research 34, no. 3 (1988): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03772063.1988.11436737.

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10

Pendov, Lazar, Zhanlin Ji, and Ivan Ganchev. "Healthy Route Generation and Recommendation." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS 21 (December 20, 2024): 558–67. https://doi.org/10.37394/23209.2024.21.52.

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This paper presents the utilization of a developed pilot wireless-based Air Quality Index (AQI) monitoring system, reporting live geo-grid resolved air quality data, for the purposes of healthy route generation and recommendation to users. The generated routes are visualized on a map and recommended to users through a specially developed web-based application, as part of the client tier of the supporting IoT platform EMULSION. A distributed computing architecture is utilized for the generation of healthy (more precisely, ‘least air pollution exposure’) routes, performed in near real-time using

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11

Choi, Jong Hae. "DEMAND ESTIMATION FOR A NEW AIR ROUTE." Journal of Air Transport Studies 7, no. 1 (2016): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.38008/jats.v7i1.52.

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Network connectivity is core competitiveness of the aviation industry and opening a new route is one of critical ways to enhance network competitiveness. As many airport operators are becoming more interested in attracting airlines, there are vast needs to discuss the methods for estimating (predicting) potential demands for a new flight route or by increasing flight frequencies in existing routes.This study explores demand estimation models for a new air route. Similar to previous studies, this study classified potential demand for a new air route into four types (Local, Beyond, Behind and Br

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Bailey, Abby M., and Kyle A. Weant. "Put It in the Air? Nebulized Opioids in the Emergency Department." Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal 45, no. 4 (2023): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/tme.0000000000000480.

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The emergency department (ED) is a frequent utilizer of alternative routes of medication administration (e.g., intranasal) for a variety of indications. Over the last several years, investigations into the use of medications via the nebulization route have greatly increased, with varying degrees of efficacy identified. This route has multiple theoretical advantages. Medications affecting bronchopulmonary function or secretions can be administered directly to the site of action, possibly utilizing a lower dose and hence minimizing side effects. It is also possible to have a faster onset of acti

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Yu, Yueyue, Rongcai Ren, and Ming Cai. "Dynamic Linkage between Cold Air Outbreaks and Intensity Variations of the Meridional Mass Circulation." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 72, no. 8 (2015): 3214–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-14-0390.1.

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Abstract This study investigates the dynamical linkage between the meridional mass circulation and cold air outbreaks using the ERA-Interim data covering the period 1979–2011. It is found that the onset date of continental-scale cold air outbreaks coincides well with the peak time of stronger meridional mass circulation events, when the net mass transport across 60°N in the warm or cold air branch exceeds ~88 × 109 kg s−1. During weaker mass circulation events when the net mass transport across 60°N is below ~71.6 × 109 kg s−1, most areas of the midlatitudes are generally in mild conditions ex

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14

ZHENG, CHANGWEN, MINGYUE DING, and CHENGPING ZHOU. "REAL-TIME ROUTE PLANNING FOR UNMANNED AIR VEHICLE WITH AN EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 17, no. 01 (2003): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021800140300223x.

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Based on evolutionary computation, a new 3D route planner for unmanned air vehicles is presented. In our evolutionary route planner, the individual candidates are evaluated with respect to the workspace. Therefore a computation of the configuration space is avoided. With Digital Terrain Elevation Data, our approach can find a near-optimal route that can increase the surviving probability efficiently. By using a problem-specific representation of candidate solutions and genetic operators, the routes are generated in real-time and are able to take into account different kinds of mission constrai

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Ren, Jie, Shiru Qu, Lili Wang, Yu Wang, Tingting Lu, and Lijing Ma. "Research on en route capacity evaluation model based on aircraft trajectory data." Electronic Research Archive 31, no. 3 (2023): 1673–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/era.2023087.

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<abstract> <p>For the sake of refined assessment of airspace operation status, improvement of the en route air traffic management performance, and alleviation of the imbalance of demand-capacity and airspace congestion, an en route accessible capacity evaluation model (based on aircraft trajectory data) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, from the perspective of flux, the en route capacity is defined and expanded from a two-dimensional concept to a three-dimensional concept. Secondly, based on the indicators of spatial flow and instantaneous density, an evaluation model of en route

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BARZEGAR TILENOIE, Amine, Melody KHADEM SAMENI, and Meeghat HABIBIAN. "Forecasting High-Speed Railway Demand in the Absence of Air Competition – A Case Study." Promet - Traffic&Transportation 34, no. 1 (2022): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v34i1.3862.

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The main competitor of air transportation is High-Speed Railway (HSR). However, in an oil-exporting country with low fuel prices and strong car dependence, HSR can face fierce competition with private cars and even buses. There is little previous research that forecast modal share in this situation. The case study of this research is the Tehran-Hamedan route in Iran that has high travel demand due to several historical and economic reasons and in the absence of air transportation, building the HSR in this route attracted foreign investment. To analyse the travel behaviour of passengers after t

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17

Marusin, V. S., O. P. Ponamarev, O. G. Stolyarov, and O. P. Temerev. "Algorithms for optimizing the aircraft flight route." Journal of «Almaz – Antey» Air and Space Defence Corporation, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.38013/2542-0542-2019-1-98-104.

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The study introduces the algorithms for optimizing the flight routes of an aircraft when it is bypassing a stationary dangerous zone, which is considered to be the destruction envelope of the air defense missile system, and when it is intercepting an air target. Optimization of the bypass route involves the procedures for finding a safe corridor and building a bypass route with a minimum length. Optimization of the interception route is based on determining the analytical dependence of the penetration distance of the intercepted target on the averaged values of the altitude-velocity characteri

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18

Reshma, M., Paul T. Pristy, and Mariam Varghese Surekha. "Support Vector Machine Based Route Classification and Description." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 4 (2020): 14–18. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.C6286.049420.

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Traveling is very much important in one's life. Location-based services have developed a lot due to the development of communication technologies. It confines services that execute programs that use geographical data. Map services authorize travelers to look for the information surrounding them and organize an outing to his/her best-loved spot. Google Maps API is convenient for locating the shortest route information. However, the map system doesn't supply any illustration about air quality or congestion in a path. At times, a substitute route with less congestion can take you quickly

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Stamatiadis, Chronis, Nathan H. Gartner, James Winn, and Russell Bond. "Evaluation of the Massachusetts Motorist Assistance Program: Assessment of Congestion and Air Quality Impacts." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1634, no. 1 (1998): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1634-01.

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A motorist assistance program has been operating in Massachusetts since 1995 to assist stranded motorists on selected freeway routes during the morning and evening peak periods. The program covers 21 major routes throughout the state, with one van, fully equipped to handle the majority of incidents encountered assigned to each route. To evaluate the program’s effectiveness a comprehensive analysis of a set of performance measures was carried out. The analysis consisted of simulating the program’s impact on each route category for all time periods and incident types. Benefit to cost ratios were

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20

Ren, Jie, Shiru Qu, Lili Wang, and Yu Wang. "An en route capacity optimization model based on air traffic control process." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 19, no. 4 (2022): 4277–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2022198.

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<abstract> <p>In order to resolve the imbalance of demand-capacity and airspace congestion, improve the performance of the en route air traffic management, promote the development of air traffic control automation system in the future, this paper proposes an En route air traffic control process model from the perspective of operation requirements. Taking the minimization of operation time, instantaneous density, maximum lateral displacement and air traffic controllers' workload as the optimization objectives, the commonly used air traffic control instructions such as climb and desc

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21

Sudjono, Idjon. "Dampak Penghentian Operasi PT. Mandala Airlines di Bandara Ahmad Yani Semarang." WARTA ARDHIA 37, no. 3 (2011): 200–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/wa.v37i3.167.200-210.

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The impact of ceasing temporary operation PT. Mandala Arilines in Achmad Yani Airport at Semarang on January 13th 2011 will effect toward the decreasing air of transport capacity of Semarang—Jakarta routes and Semarang-Banjarmasin routes. In hence, the route Semarang-Banjarmasin flown by Mandala airlines seven times in a week, and route Semarang-Jakarta twelve times per week. By using load factor comparative method, from the result of the research was obtained the increasing of load factor to all routes of airline schedule flow by mandala.

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Savuran, Halil, and Murat Karakaya. "Route Optimization Method for Unmanned Air Vehicle Launched from a Carrier." Lecture Notes on Software Engineering 3, no. 4 (2015): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/lnse.2015.v3.204.

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Tripp-Barba, Carolina, Pablo Barbecho, Luis Urquiza, and José Alfonso Aguilar-Calderón. "A comparison of vehicle emissions control strategies for smart cities." PeerJ Computer Science 9 (November 6, 2023): e1676. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.1676.

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Many studies have shown that air quality in cities is affected due to emissions of carbon from vehicles. As a result, policymakers (e.g., municipalities) intensely search for new ways to reduce air pollution due to its relation to health diseases. With this concern, connected vehicle technologies can leverage alternative on-road emissions control policies. The present investigation studies the impact on air pollution by (i) updating vehicles’ routes to avoid pollution exposure (route choice policy), (ii) updating vehicles’ speed limits (speed control policy), and (iii) considering electric veh

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Wang, Xueyao, and Xin Guo. "Multi-airport System Route Network Optimization Based on Differentiated Positioning." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2457, no. 1 (2023): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2457/1/012039.

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Abstract Air routes in China’s existing multi-airport system are unreasonable and homogeneous, leading to a significant gap in utilization between different airports and a waste of airport resources. One differentiated positioning model is proposed to optimize the air route network to solve the above problems. Balanced development of airports and passenger costs are considered in the model. Finally, the model is validated using the 2019 route network dataset in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei multi-airport system (BTH MAS). The optimization results for the multi-airport system show an average increa

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Krile, Srećko, Marina Krile, and Petr Průša. "NON-LINEAR MINI-MAX PROBLEM OF MULTI-STOP FLIGHT ROUTES." TRANSPORT 30, no. 3 (2015): 361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2015.1091984.

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The major change in trends of air transport development is to increase operating efficiency, productivity and profitability. Airline companies (air operators or carriers) can ensure significant fuel savings and better utilization of airplanes capacity. So they need better transport planning tool for costs minimization on a voyage route with multiple loading/unloading airports (multi-stop routes).The existing routes can be re-optimized (improved) or alternative routes can be offered instead. In this research the efficient heuristic algorithm for optimal transportation of N different loads (e.g.

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Spasojevic, Bojana, and Gui Lohmann. "Air route development - Lessons from Australia." Journal of Air Transport Management 104 (September 2022): 102274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2022.102274.

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Juniawan, Singgih, Uti Roysen, Fachrul Alam, Zafitri Zainuddin, Daruki Daruki, and Hermawan Taher. "Optimization of Flight Routes Employing the Simulated Annealing Method in the Context of the Indonesian National Airline Industry." IJIEM - Indonesian Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management 5, no. 3 (2025): 691. https://doi.org/10.22441/ijiem.v5i3.21748.

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This research was conducted in the context of significant air traffic growth in Indonesia, where the increasing number of passengers each year presents an opportunity for airlines to expand their route networks and reach more markets. To seize this opportunity, a national airline based in Jakarta conducted internal research to open new flight routes connecting several important cities in Indonesia, namely Jakarta, Kupang, Pangkal Pinang, Pekanbaru, Makassar, and Banjarmasin.This research aims to obtain an optimal flight route that can enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the planned air

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Dolia, V. K., K. V. Dolia, and O. E. Dolia. "STUDY OF THE PASSENGER TRAFFIC PARAMETERS IN AIR TRANSPORT." Key title: Zbìrnik naukovih pracʹ Odesʹkoï deržavnoï akademìï tehnìčnogo regulûvannâ ta âkostì, no. 2(23) (2023): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32684/2412-5288-2023-2-23-59-68.

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The article is an overview of the issue of calculating. The study mainly used the publications of scientists in the chosen field of research, published in recent years, which provides the research with modern scientific achievements in this area. All the publications used are recognized by the scientific community and included in scientometric databases, including Scopus. To obtain the results, the method of system analysis is applied to the methods and approaches used by the authors in solving the problems of calculating the parameters of passenger flows, determining the factors of their form

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Luo, Feng`e, and Zhen Zhen Jia. "Air Cargo Domestic Route Designing of China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 533 (February 2014): 503–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.533.503.

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For finding a way of air cargo route designing method, statistical analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and cluster analysis with SPSSS program are used in this article. After choosing sample flight segment with SWORT analysis method, this article uses lots of data to determine the indicator of route designing especially from the point of airline profit. Then using cluster analysis to get the airport classification and using hub-airport route network designing to get the model of air cargo domestic route network of China. The new and original thing is that this article uses average lo

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Song, Wei Wei, and Cui Huang. "The Analysis and Research of Northeast Route Network Optimization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 623 (August 2014): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.623.295.

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The regional aviation as an important part of the modern air transportation system has a very important role in building the perfect route network, accelerating the expansion of air transportation and promoting the development of regional society and economy. Based on a full consideration of the rich tourism resources of the Northeast region, reducing costs and improving the convenience of the traveling of passengers, and improving the benefits of airlines, all these problems can be changed into direct flight routes between non-hub cities, so that a mixed integer linear programming model can b

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Tseytlina, Tatiana, Victor Balashov, and Andrey Smirnov. "THE PROBLEM OF MODELLING A TRUNK AIR ROUTE NETWORK." Aviation 17, no. 1 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16487788.2013.774939.

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In this work we developed a fuzzy neural network-based model of the conditions for the existence of air routes, i.e. the rules underlying the emergence, existence and elimination of air routes (direct links between cities). The model belongs to the class of information models: the existence or non-existence of an air route is considered dependent on a complex of parameters. These parameters characterise the transport link, as well as the generational and target capabilities of the connected cities. The model was constructed using genetic algorithm techniques and self-organising Kohonen maps (i

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Ding, Hui, Minghua Hu, Qiucheng Xu, Yungang Tian, and Jianan Yin. "A Method to Optimize Routing Paths for City-Pair Airlines on Three-Layer Air Transport Networks." Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (2023): 866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13020866.

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Air transportation is a huge, complex system with emergence and self-organization, which makes it important for it to be modelled. In this paper, to model the air transportation system with more accuracy, from physical facilities to traffic applications, three-layer networks, including the air route network, the city-pair airline network, and flight operation network, are built, where the air route network is regarded as the physical layer, and city-pair airline network and flight operation network are the application layers. Furthermore, a powerful tool, complex network theory, is applied to

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Yuanqing, He, and Wilfred H. Theakstone. "Climatic influence on the composition of snow cover at Austre Okstindbreen, Norway, 1989 and 1990." Annals of Glaciology 19 (1994): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1994aog19-1-1-6.

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Winter snow cover at Austre Okstindbreen is influenced strongly by patterns of atmospheric circulation, and by air temperatures during precipitation. Differences of circulation over the North Atlantic and Scandinavia during the winters of 1988–89 and 1989–90 were reflected in the ionic and isotopic composition of snow that accumulated at the glacier. Early summer ablation did not remove, or smooth out, all the initial stratigraphic differences. In the first half of the 1988–89 winter, most air masses took a relatively short route between a marine source and Okstindan; late winter snowfalls wer

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Yuanqing, He, and Wilfred H. Theakstone. "Climatic influence on the composition of snow cover at Austre Okstindbreen, Norway, 1989 and 1990." Annals of Glaciology 19 (1994): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500010909.

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Winter snow cover at Austre Okstindbreen is influenced strongly by patterns of atmospheric circulation, and by air temperatures during precipitation. Differences of circulation over the North Atlantic and Scandinavia during the winters of 1988–89 and 1989–90 were reflected in the ionic and isotopic composition of snow that accumulated at the glacier. Early summer ablation did not remove, or smooth out, all the initial stratigraphic differences. In the first half of the 1988–89 winter, most air masses took a relatively short route between a marine source and Okstindan; late winter snowfalls wer

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Zhang, Honghai, Tian Tian, Ouge Feng, Shixin Wu, and Gang Zhong. "Research on Public Air Route Network Planning of Urban Low-Altitude Logistics Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." Sustainability 15, no. 15 (2023): 12021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151512021.

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As urban populations continue to grow and road traffic congestion worsens, traditional ground logistics has become less efficient. This has led to longer logistics times and increased costs. Therefore, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) logistics has become increasingly popular. However, free-planned routes cannot meet the safety and efficiency requirements of urban airspace mobility. To address this issue, a public air route network for low-altitude logistics UAVs needs to be established in urban areas. This paper proposes a public route network planning method based on the obstacle-based Voronoi

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Yang, Yi, Ying Nan, and Ming Tong. "Cooperative Route Planning for Multiple Aircraft in a Semifree ATC System." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3521905.

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This paper presents the Semifree Flight theory used in a civil air traffic control (ATC) system to improve the capability of the traditional Free Flight mode. The progressiveness and hidden defects of the “Free Flight” model in civil aviation are analysed, and the Semifree Flight ATC system mode is introduced. Moreover, this paper presents the collaborative route planning method, which is the most important method used in the Semifree Flight ATC system. This collaborative route planning method can plan routes for each aircraft (either in flight or just before achieving flight) in real time, an

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Poleshkina, I. O. "Forecasting Passenger Traffic of Socially Significant Air Routes Within the Arctic Region." Economy of regions 20, no. 2 (2024): 591–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2024-2-16.

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The Russian Arctic is characterised by the poor development of year-round land routes. In these conditions, air transport is the basis of passenger traffic. However, air mobility of the population in the Arctic regions is significantly lower than that of Russia in general. The article substantiates the need to increase transport accessibility of the Arctic by developing an internal network of socially significant air routes. To create a route network plan, it is necessary to forecast passenger traffic on existing and potential air routes within the Arctic region. To this end, a multiple regres

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Li, Zhongming, Yifei Zhao, and Xinhui Ren. "Parametric Modeling and Evaluation of Departure and Arrival Air Routes for Urban Logistics UAVs." Drones 9, no. 7 (2025): 454. https://doi.org/10.3390/drones9070454.

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With the rapid development of the low-altitude economy, the intensive take-offs and landings of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) performing logistics transport tasks in urban areas have introduced significant safety risks. To reduce the likelihood of collisions, logistics operators—such as Meituan, Antwork, and Fengyi—have established fixed departure and arrival air routes above vertiports and designed fixed flight air routes between vertiports to guide UAVs to fly along predefined paths. In the complex and constrained low-altitude urban environment, the design of safe and efficient air routes

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Komarov, Jury, and Vitali Fedotov. "THE INFLUENCE OF FIXED‐ROUTE TAXI ON ROAD ACCIDENTS AND AIR POLLUTION." TRANSPORT 21, no. 1 (2006): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2006.9638038.

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The development of market economy in Russia expands the need for movement of groups of people of large mega cities on time to a place at simultaneous reduction of the number of groups with identical purposes. Therefore for many cities a wide use of fixed‐route taxis the service of passengers at a constant increase of the numbers of routes and the numbers of transport units was characteristic. At the certain intensity of the movement of fixed‐route taxis on separate sites of city highways the transport stream and the changing quality of environment raises the risk of road accident and becomes e

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Sihombing, Rosanny, Sabo Kwada Sini, and Matthias Fitzky. "Developing Web-Based 3D Health-Aware Routing for Pedestrians and Cyclists." E3S Web of Conferences 171 (2020): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017102009.

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As the population of people migrating to cities keeps increasing, concerns have been raised about air quality in cities and how it impacts everyday life. Thus, it is important to demonstrate ways of avoiding polluted areas. The approach described in this paper is intended to draw attention to polluted areas and help pedestrians and cyclists to achieve the lowest possible level of air pollution when planning daily routes. We utilise real-time air quality data which is obtained from monitoring stations across the world. The data consist of the geolocation of monitoring stations as well as index

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Rafiepourgatabi, Mehrdad, Alistair Woodward, Jennifer A. Salmond, and Kim Natasha Dirks. "The Effect of Route Choice in Children’s Exposure to Ultrafine Particles Whilst Walking to School." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (2021): 7808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157808.

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Children walking to school are at a high risk of exposure to air pollution compared with other modes because of the time they spend in close proximity to traffic during their commute. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a walker’s route choice on their exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP) on the walk to school. During morning commutes over a period of three weeks, exposure to UFP was measured along three routes: two routes were alongside both sides of a busy arterial road with significantly higher levels of traffic on one side compared to the other, and the third route passe

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Pham, Quyen Xuan, Моисеев Дмитрий Викторович, and Minh Van Trinh. "Setting optimal closed flight route of lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles with consideration of wind in flight area." Science and Technology Development Journal 17, no. 2 (2014): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v17i2.1353.

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This article presents a method of planning closed routes by optimum time of unmanned light aerial vehicles passing through the given points, taking into account the effect of wind in the air and analyzing the effects of wind to route and flight time.

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Wang, Lili, Wanle Wang, Fang Wei, and Yakun Hu. "Research on the Classification of Air Route Intersections in the Airspace of China." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 2 (2019): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118825452.

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As the intersecting points of crossing traffic flows, air route intersections are the major bottlenecks in the world’s airspace due to restricted airspace and rapid growth of air traffic. In order to reduce controller workload and maintain traffic safety, air traffic operation units in China devised the idea of “overpasses” at busy intersections. The basic idea is to strategically separate flows of aircraft on intersecting routes vertically by allocating distinct flight levels to them. In practice, aircraft are required to maintain an agreed flight level en route long before they cross the int

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Pei, Yang, Qiang Dong, Ting Guo, and Bi Feng Song. "Automotive Route Planning Method for Minimizing the Radar Detection of an Armed Helicopter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 55-57 (May 2011): 1541–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.55-57.1541.

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Radar systems are used by air defense forces to detect and track aircraft. Route planning attempts to enhance safety by minimizing the exposure of the aircraft to the threat air defense systems while achieving the mission objectives. Based on Voronoi diagram theory, a flight route optimization method is introduced to insure the armed helicopter to penetrate the emery’s radar defense system at the lowest danger. The factors, such as radar cross section and distance between helicopter and radar, that affect the radar detection are firstly analyzed. Then Voronoi diagram and its application for ro

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Changwen Zheng, Lei Li, Fanjiang Xu, Fuchun Sun, and Mingyue Ding. "Evolutionary route planner for unmanned air vehicles." IEEE Transactions on Robotics 21, no. 4 (2005): 609–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tro.2005.844684.

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Jian Wang, E. Brookner, P. Cornwell, M. Gerecke, and J. Farr. "Modernization of En Route Air Surveillance Radar." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 48, no. 1 (2012): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2012.6129623.

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Spasojevic, Bojana, Gui Lohmann, and Noel Scott. "Leadership and governance in air route development." Annals of Tourism Research 78 (September 2019): 102746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102746.

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Shehata, F., M. Abdelhameed, A. Fathy, and S. F. Moustafa. "Fabrication of Copper-Alumina Nanocomposites by Mechanochemical Routes." Journal of Nano Research 6 (June 2009): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.6.51.

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Nanostructure composites of Copper-Alumina were successfully produced by new mechanochemical method using two different routes. First, route A was carried out by addition of coarse copper to aqueous solution of aluminum nitrate, and second, route B was also carried out by addition of coarse copper to aqueous solution of aluminum nitrate and ammonium hydroxide. In both routes, the mixtures were heated in air and milled mechanically to get the oxides powders of CuO and Al2O3. The CuO was reduced in preferential hydrogen atmosphere into fine copper. The composite powders have been cold pressed in

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Ye, Mian, Jinchen Zhao, Quanli Guan, and Xuejun Zhang. "Research on eVTOL Air Route Network Planning Based on Improved A* Algorithm." Sustainability 16, no. 2 (2024): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16020561.

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With the continuous opening of low-altitude airspace and the development of aircraft such as electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicles, urban air traffic has become a sustainable and green development direction for future transportation. Air route networks, as a mainstream design scheme for air traffic, are able to provide prerequisites for eVTOL and other green aircraft to enter urban airspace for safe operation, among which air route planning is a fundamental component of air route network design. Currently, most of the research on aircraft path planning is performed in free air

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Vichaphund, Supawan, and Duangduen Atong. "A Study of Different Sintering Routes on Properties of Ni-Al₂O₃ Hydrogen Separation Membrane." Key Engineering Materials 434-435 (March 2010): 514–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.434-435.514.

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This work aimed to investigate the effect of different sintering routes on properties of Ni-Al2O3 membrane. Alumina powder was mixed with 10 wt% nickel powder by dried ball-milling. Then, the mixture powder was uniaxially pressed to a bar shape and sintered via different sintering conditions. First route, the Ni-Al2O3 specimen was sintered at 1300°C for 2 h under air and then reduced at 900°C for 2 h under H2 atmosphere. Second route, the specimen was sintered at 1300°C for 2 h under argon. After sintering process, the physical and mechanical properties of membrane obtained from two routes wer

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