Journal articles: 'Air stripping'

1

Holmes, Don P. "AMMONIA AIR STRIPPING." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2003, no. 2 (January 1, 2003): 926–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864703784343433.

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Stallings, Robert, Tony Rogers, and Michael Mullins. "Air Stripping of Volatile Organics." Journal of the IEST 28, no. 3 (May 1, 1985): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.1.28.3.41mx25137003kp18.

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The Air Force's Installation Restoration Program includes an active research program into treatments for contaminated groundwater. Packed-tower air stripping of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from groundwater has proven to be a costeffective and efficient method of treatment. The Research Triangle Institute (RTI) has recently participated in a packed-tower air-stripping test program for the Air Force in which 16 organic compounds in a groundwater plume were identified, and the air-stripping behavior of each was examined. The performance of four different commercial packing materials was evaluated for each of the 16 contaminants over a range of gas-liquid flow ratios. The mass transfer coefficients for each of the contaminants were subsequently calculated, and the most effective operating conditions were determined.

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Ackerman, Joe, Elsie Jordaan, Babak Rezania, and Nazim Cicek. "Phosphorus removal from solids separated hog manure by air stripping." Canadian Biosystems Engineering 56, no. 1 (January 28, 2015): 6.13–6.20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7451/cbe.2014.56.6.13.

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Folino, Adele, Demetrio Antonio Zema, and Paolo S. Calabrò. "Environmental and Economic Sustainability of Swine Wastewater Treatments Using Ammonia Stripping and Anaerobic Digestion: A Short Review." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 18, 2020): 4971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124971.

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One of the most promising systems to treat swine wastewater is air stripping. This system simultaneously recovers nitrogen salts, to be used as fertiliser, and reduces the organic pollutant load in the effluents of swine breeding farms. Several reviews have discussed the air stripping as a treatment for many types of industrial wastewater or nitrogen-rich digestate (the liquid effluent derived from the anaerobic digestion plants) for the stripping/recovery of nutrients. However, reviews about the use of air stripping as treatment for raw or anaerobically digested swine wastewater are not available in literature. To fill this gap, this study: (i) Summarises the experiences of air stripping for recovery of ammonium salts from both raw and digested swine wastewater; and (ii) compares air stripping efficiency under different operational conditions. Moreover, combined systems including air stripping (such as struvite crystallisation, chemical precipitation, microwave radiation) have been compared. These comparisons have shown that air stripping of raw and digested swine wastewater fits well the concept of bio-refinery, because this system allows the sustainable management of the piggery effluent by extracting value-added compounds, by-products, and/or energy from wastewater. On the other hand, air stripping of raw and digested swine wastewater has not been extensively studied and more investigations should be carried out.

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Takuma, Satoshi, Yoshihiko Otu, and Youichi Shimoi. "Air Stripping of Odor Matters." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 49, no. 3 (1995): 537–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.49.537.

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Lee, Jae-Ho, Jeung-Jin Park, Gi-Choong Choi, Im-Gyu Byun, Tae-Joo Park, and Tae-Ho Lee. "Application of ultrasound and air stripping for the removal of aromatic hydrocarbons from spent sulfidic caustic for use in autotrophic denitrification as an electron donor." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 7 (April 1, 2013): 1497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.017.

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Spent sulfidic caustic (SSC) produced from petroleum industry can be reused to denitrify nitrate-nitrogen via a biological nitrogen removal process as an electron donor for sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification, because it has a large amount of dissolved sulfur. However, SSC has to be refined because it also contains some aromatic hydrocarbons, typically benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX) and phenol that are recalcitrant organic compounds. In this study, laboratory-scale ultrasound irradiation and air stripping treatment were applied in order to remove these aromatic hydrocarbons. In the ultrasound system, both BTEX and phenol were exponentially removed by ultrasound irradiation during 60 min of reaction time to give the greatest removal efficiency of about 80%. Whereas, about 95% removal efficiency of BTEX was achieved, but not any significant phenol removal, within 30 min in the air stripping system, indicating that air stripping was a more efficient method than ultrasound irradiation. However, since air stripping did not remove any significant phenol, an additional process for degrading phenol was required. Accordingly, we applied a combined ultrasound and air stripping process. In these experiments, the removal efficiencies of BTEX and phenol were improved compared to the application of ultrasound and air stripping alone. Thus, the combined ultrasound and air stripping treatment is appropriate for refining SSC.

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Chen, Xiurong, Xiaoli Sun, Xiaoxiao Wang, Peng Xu, Chenchen Yang, Quanling Lu, and Shanshan Wang. "Two-stage air stripping combined with hydrolysis acidification process for coal gasification wastewater pretreatment." Water Science and Technology 79, no. 11 (June 1, 2019): 2185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.219.

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Abstract Coal gasification wastewater is mainly from gas washing, condensation and purification processes in the gas furnace with high NH3-N (nitrogen in water in the form of free ammonia (NH3) and ammonium ion (NH4+)), TN (total nitrogen) and refractory organics content, which will inhibit the subsequent biological treatment. The ‘air stripping – hydrolysis acidification – air stripping’ process was proposed as the pretreatment for coal gasification wastewater to improve the biodegradability and nitrogen removal, which could reduce the subsequent biological treatment load. The first-stage air stripping process before hydrolysis acidification could achieve a significant removal of NH3-N (97.0%) and volatile phenol (70.0%), reducing the corresponding toxicity on hydrolysis acidification. The group with air stripping had more abundant microbial communities and a more effective organic degradation performance in hydrolysis acidification than that without air stripping. The second-stage air stripping removed NH3-N released from hydrolysis acidification, and significantly reduced the TN concentration in effluent. The whole process achieved a TN removal from 2,000 ± 100 mg/L to 160 ± 80 mg/L, and a total phenols removal from 700 ± 50 mg/L to 80 ±20 mg/L.

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GASCONSVILADOMAT, F., I. SOUCHON, V. ATHES, and M. MARIN. "Membrane air-stripping of aroma compounds." Journal of Membrane Science 277, no. 1-2 (June 1, 2006): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2005.10.023.

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Lin, Yen-Han, and Gordon A. Hill. "Air stripping effect in a chemostat." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 79, no. 6 (September 3, 2010): 995–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450790619.

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Roberts, Paul V., and James A. Levy. "Energy Requirements for Air Stripping Trihalomethanes." Journal - American Water Works Association 77, no. 4 (April 1985): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1985.tb05523.x.

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Castro, Kevin, and Amy K. Zander. "Membrane air-stripping: effects of pretreatment." Journal - American Water Works Association 87, no. 3 (March 1995): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1995.tb06332.x.

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Winter, P., N. Jones, M. Asaadi, and L. Bowman. "The odour of digested sewage sludge - determination and its abatement by air stripping." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 9 (May 1, 2004): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0567.

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This paper describes a project to investigate the odour of sewage sludge after anaerobic digestion. The impact of air stripping on the odour of liquid sludge and on the quality of the dewatered product was evaluated at a full-scale sludge treatment installation. A continuous and a batch air-stripping mode were tested. Odour samples were collected during air stripping from the liquid sludge and from the biosolids surface during long term storage. The biosolids were also analysed for hedonic tone and for their potential odour expressed as an odour unit per unit mass. The odour emission profiles for continuous and batch air stripping demonstrated a reduction in the overall (time weighted) emissions during a 24 hr-period compared with emissions from the quiescent liquid storage tank. The averaged specific odour emission rate (Esp) of the biosolids derived from the continuous process was only 13% of the Esp of the biosolids derived from unaerated liquid sludge during the first month of storage. The results of the total potential odour and the hedonic tone of the biosolids underpin the beneficial effects of the air stripping. Odour dispersion modelling showed a noticeable reduction in overall odour impact from the sludge centre when air stripping was applied. The reduction was primarily associated with the reduced odour from stockpiled biosolids. The continuous air-stripping mode appeared to provide the greatest benefits in terms of odour impact from site operations.

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13

Kaya, Demet, Tülin Taner, and Derya Germeç-Çakan. "Comparison of Effects of Tooth Extraction and Air-rotor Stripping Therapy on Tooth-size Discrepancy in Class I Borderline Patients." International Journal of Experimental Dental Science 3, no. 1 (2014): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10029-1060.

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ABSTRACT Aim The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of tooth extraction and air-rotor stripping therapy on tooth-size discrepancy, and to compare the changes between two groups. Materials and methods The sample comprised the preand post-treatment dental models of 20 postadolescent class I borderline patients. First group was composed of dental models of 10 patients (mean age of 17.1 ± 2.5 years) treated with four first premolars extraction. Second group included dental models of 10 patients (mean age of 18.8 ± 2.7 years) treated with air-rotor stripping. Treatment effects on Bolton overall and anterior ratios/values were analyzed by paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test was used for intergroup comparisons. Results The change in Bolton overall ratio was found statistically significant for the extraction and insignificant for the air-rotor stripping group. A statistically significant decrease was observed in Bolton anterior ratio for the air-rotor stripping group. Neither four premolars extraction nor air-rotor stripping therapy created statistically significant changes in Bolton overall/anterior values. The changes in Bolton overall ratio/value did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion This study showed that tooth extraction or air-rotor stripping therapy did not have an unfavorable effect on toothsize discrepancy in class I borderline patients. How to cite this article Kaya D, Taner T, Germeç-Çakan D. Comparison of Effects of Tooth Extraction and Air-rotor Stripping Therapy on Tooth-size Discrepancy in Class I Borderline Patients. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2014;3(1):8-13.

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14

Nirmalakhandan, N., Y. H. Lee, and R. E. Speece. "Designing a Cost-Efficient Air-Stripping Process." Journal - American Water Works Association 79, no. 1 (January 1987): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1987.tb02784.x.

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15

Eldridge, R. Bruce, Cindy W. Simpson, and David J. Elliott. "Groundwater air stripping: Effect on water toxicity." Environmental Progress 14, no. 1 (February 1995): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.670140117.

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Djebbar, Yassine, and Roberto M. Narbaitz. "Mass transfer correlations for air stripping towers." Environmental Progress 14, no. 3 (August 1995): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.670140311.

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17

Parker, W. J., and H. D. Monteith. "Stripping of VOC's from dissolved air flotation." Environmental Progress 15, no. 2 (1996): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.670150210.

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18

Little, John C., and Benito J. Mariñas. "Cross-Flow versus Counterflow Air-Stripping Towers." Journal of Environmental Engineering 123, no. 7 (July 1997): 668–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1997)123:7(668).

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Dvorak, Bruce I., Desmond F. Lawler, John C. Little, and Benito J. Marinas. "Cross-Flow versus Counterflow Air-Stripping Towers." Journal of Environmental Engineering 125, no. 9 (September 1999): 886–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1999)125:9(886).

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Djebbar, Y., and R. M. Narbaitz. "Neural Network Prediction of Air Stripping KLa." Journal of Environmental Engineering 128, no. 5 (May 2002): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2002)128:5(451).

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21

Fang, C. S., and J. H. Lin. "Air Stripping for Treatment of Produced Water." Journal of Petroleum Technology 40, no. 05 (May 1, 1988): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/16328-pa.

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Harrison, D. P., K. T. Valsaraj, and D. M. Wetzel. "Air stripping of organics from ground water." Waste Management 13, no. 5-7 (January 1993): 417–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-053x(93)90074-7.

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23

Junjie, Chen, Zhu Hongguang, and Ji jin. "Study on two-stage air-recirculation ammonia stripping process for membrane concentrate in livestock and poultry breeding." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 02015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019402015.

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Aiming at the problems of the subsequent treatment of the biogas liquid membrane concentrate and the large alkali consumption of the traditional stripping process, a two-stage closed-cycle ammonia stripping process was designed, and the two-stage air-recirculation ammonia stripping process was used to treat the biogas liquid membrane concentrate. Studies have shown that in the first stage of ammonia stripping, when the gas-liquid ratio is 3600, the pH of the membrane concentrate liquid after the closed loop treatment reaches the maximum value of 8.75, and the alkalinity is also reduced from the initial 8150 to 6615.After the primary stripping is completed, the pH of the membrane concentrate can be quickly increased by adding alkali to meet the normal ammonia stripping conditions for the secondary stripping tower. When the liquid ratio of the secondary stripping tower is 3600, the temperature is 40°C, and the CaO dosage is 25g/L, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 86%. Adding a first-stage tower blowing off, the CaO dosage is reduced by 5g/L.

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van Geest, A. J., J. C. J. M. Veraart, P. J. E. H. M. Kitslaar, and H. A. M. Neumann. "Capillary Filtration Rate, before and after Stripping of the Greater Saphenous Vein, Measured with Air-Plethysmography." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 13, no. 2 (June 1998): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835559801300204.

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Objective: To investigate whether there is a decrease in the capillary filtration rate after stripping of the greater saphenous vein, measured by air-plethysmography. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Academic Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands. Patients: Fourteen lower limbs of 10 patients in which duplex ultrasound demonstrated insufficiency of the sapheno-femoral junction and of the greater saphenous vein, before operation. Interventions: Stripping of the greater saphenous vein. Main outcome measures: Capillary filtration rate before and 6 weeks after stripping of the greater saphenous vein, measured by air-plethysmography. Results: The capillary filtration rate after stripping of the greater saphenous vein had decreased in 12 legs and increased in two legs. The mean capillary filtration rate before operation was 6.58 ml/min (SD 1.97). Six weeks after stripping of the greater saphenous vein the mean capillary filtration rate was 5.54 ml/min (SD 1.22). These values have a level of significance of p < 0.01. Conclusion: The significant decrease of the capillary filtration rate, 6 weeks after stripping of the greater saphenous vein, measured with air-plethysmography, signifies an improvement in the microcirculation, related to the filtration function of the capillaries.

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Zhu, Lei, DeMing Dong, XiuYi Hua, Yang Xu, ZhiYong Guo, and DaPeng Liang. "Ammonia nitrogen removal and recovery from acetylene purification wastewater by air stripping." Water Science and Technology 75, no. 11 (March 2, 2017): 2538–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.117.

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Ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) contaminated wastewater has posed a great threat to the safety of water resources. In this study, air stripping was employed to remove and recover NH4-N from acetylene purification wastewater (APW) in a polyvinylchloride manufacturing plant. Investigated parameters were initial APW pH, air flow rate, APW temperature and stripping time. The NH4-N removal by air stripping has been modeled and the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KLa) of the stripping process has been calculated from the model equation obtained. In addition, the ability of H2SO4 solution to absorb the NH3 stripped was also investigated. The results indicated that under the experimental conditions, the APW temperature and its initial pH had significant effects on the NH4-N removal efficiency and the KLa, while the effects of other factors were relatively minor. The removal efficiency and residual concentration of NH4-N were about 91% and 12 mg/L, respectively, at the optimal operating conditions of initial APW pH of 12.0, air flow rate of 0.500 m3/(h·L), APW temperature of 60 °C and stripping time of 120 min. One volume of H2SO4 solution (0.2 mol/L) could absorb about 93% of the NH3 stripped from 54 volumes of the APW.

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Narbaitz, Roberto M., and Yassine Djebbar. "Nonparametric modeling of mass transfer coefficients for air stripping packed towers." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 23, no. 2 (April 1, 1996): 549–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l96-059.

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Existing parametric correlations have been found to have difficulties in predicting the removal of trace levels of volatile organic chemicals by modern air stripping towers. In this study, a new approach using a nonparametric kernel regression method was used to predict the mass transfer coefficient, KLa, of air stripping towers. Although only four variables were used, the predictions are already improved more than 50% as compared with Onda correlation, the best existing parametric correlation. The proposed technique shows a dependency of KLa on the liquid flow rate which is in good agreement with established theory. Previous parametric approaches were unable to model this relationship correctly. Key words: mass transfer coefficient, air stripping tower, volatile organic compound, nonparametric kernel regression.

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S, Pooja Harish, Karunakara B. C, and Sumitra Reddy. "Comparison of Interproximal Reduction Techniques and Proximal Strips: An Atomic Force Microscopic and Confocal Microscopic Study." Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society 54, no. 1 (January 2020): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301574219885712.

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Objective: A vivo study was conducted to evaluate the surface roughness produced by two different methods: hand-held mechanical and air-rotor stripping and also by HORICO and Ortho-Organizer strips (Bengaluru, India), before and after polishing with 3M Sof-Lex Finishing Strips under Atomic Force Microscope. Methodology: Study included 44 proximal surfaces of extracted premolars divided into a control group and 3 experimental groups with 12 surfaces in each. Hand-held mechanical stripping was done by 40 passages of 6 cm long abrasive strips and air-rotor stripping using high-speed air-rotor turbine hand piece. Polishing was done using 3M Sof-Lex finishing strips. Reduced teeth samples were viewed under Atomic Force Microscope and the proximal strips under Confocal microscope for surface roughness. Results: Air-rotor stripping produced statistically significant more surface roughness compared to the mechanical reduction technique ( P = .01). There was no significant difference between the roughnesses produced by 2 different proximal strips. Tooth surface after IPR with polishing had less roughness compared to unpolished surface. There was no mean difference between the wear of proximal strips. Conclusion: The mechanical reduction technique of interproximal surface produces less surface roughness compared to air-rotor stripping. Polishing with 3M Sof-Lex strips after reduction irrespective of the technique and material used gives smoother surface than even normal enamel.

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Deng, Qiaosi, Elsayed Elbeshbishy, and Hyung-Sool Lee. "Simultaneous regeneration of exhausted zeolite and nitrogen recovery using an air stripping method at alkaline pH." Water Quality Research Journal 51, no. 4 (July 20, 2016): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2016.007.

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Ammonium nitrogen recovery using natural zeolite from the permeates of anaerobic membrane bioreactors was investigated with batch and continuous experiments. Regeneration of exhausted zeolite was compared between mechanical shaking and air stripping, and experimental results showed the superiority of air stripping over the shaking. Liquid circulation and air flow rates were optimized in a continuous zeolite-packed column with a separate recovery system consisting of a regeneration chamber and a stripping column. The liquid circulation rate had significant effect neither on the regeneration efficiency (RE) nor the ammonia transfer efficiency (ATE), while the ATE significantly increased with increasing air flow rate. The effect of pH on ammonia recovery was also tested and the results showed that both RE and ATE significantly improved at alkaline pH. When pH increased from 9.5 to 12, the RE increased from 9.2% to 84% and the ATE increased from 54% to 92%. The results emphasized that the pH should be higher than 11 for efficient regeneration and recovery of ammonia. The preliminary economic analysis showed the superiority of the alkaline regeneration–air stripping process over the high pH regeneration and the conventional regeneration.

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Li, An Feng, Yan Ying Ning, Wen Jiang Xu, and Tao Pan. "Air Stripping of Ammoniacal Nitrogen from Fecal Sewage Using a Fluidized Bed." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 4209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.4209.

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High concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen in fecal sewage pose a great threat to subsequent treatment steps. The conventional removal technique in China mainly involves air stripping. However, the concentration of ammonia in the effluent is often very high, and the fillers in towers could exhibit scaling resulting in reduced lifetime in operation. Because of its high mass transfer characteristics, fluidized bed technology was used in our study of the air stripping method for improving the removal efficiency, using spherical biological ceramsites as the filler. The effects of temperature, pH, and fluidized bed residence time on the removal process were investigated. To compare the various effects of fluidized bed operation on nitrogen removal efficiency, traditional air stripping experiments were carried out using the identical gas flowrate, liquid flowrate, temperature and pH. The results show that the removal efficiency of ammoniacal nitrogen was improved using a fluidized bed. The mechanism of free ammonia mass transfer using fluidized bed technology was proposed. Finally, the filler adhesion problem was reduced and the technology was successfully applied to the air stripping of high concentration ammoniacal nitrogen from fecal sewage.

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Sehgal, Megha, Payal Sharma, Achint Juneja, Piush Kumar, Anubha Verma, and Vikas Chauhan. "Effect of different stripping techniques on pulpal temperature: in vitro study." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 24, no. 1 (February 2019): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.24.1.039-043.oar.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Proximal stripping of enamel is a routine clinical procedure employed in orthodontics to create space or for balancing tooth size discrepancies. This procedure may result in heat transfer to the pulp, predisposing it to histopathological changes and necrosis of the pulp tissue. Objective: To measure the temperature changes in the pulp chamber during different stripping procedures. Methods: 80 proximal surfaces of 40 extracted human premolar teeth were stripped using four techniques: diamond burs in air-rotor handpiece with air-water spray; diamond burs in micromotor handpiece, with and without a coolant spray; and hand-held diamond strips. A J-type thermocouple connected to a digital thermometer was inserted into the pulp chamber for evaluation of temperature during the stripping procedure. Results: An increase in the pulpal temperature was observed for all stripping method. Diamond burs in micromotor handpiece without coolant resulted in the higher increase in temperature (3.5oC), followed by hand-held diamond strips (2.8oC), diamond burs in air-rotor with air-water spray (1.9oC); and the smallest increase was seen with diamond burs in micromotor handpiece with coolant (1.65oC). None of the techniques resulted in temperature increase above the critical level of 5.5oC. Conclusion: Frictional heat produced with different stripping techniques results in increase in the pulpal temperature, therefore, caution is advised during this procedure. A coolant spray can limit the increase in temperature of the pulp.

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Kowalski, Radosław Kajetan, Beata Irena Cejko, Joanna Grudniewska, Stefan Dobosz, Mirosław Szczepkowski, and Beata Sarosiek. "A Comparison of Pneumatic and Hand Stripping of Whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) Eggs for Artificial Reproduction." Animals 10, no. 1 (January 8, 2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10010097.

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We describe the technique of pneumatic stripping of whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) eggs with the use of oxygen, nitrogen, and air. Eggs obtained via the traditional method (by pressing the abdominal surfaces) served as a control group. It was established that the gas flow rate during pneumatic stripping should not exceed 0.5 L∙min−1, since higher air flow resulted in increased post-spawning mortality. The pneumatic stripping method of egg collection was no faster than hand stripping; however, the time required per female was more consistent. It was found that the pH of the ovarian fluid obtained during hand and pneumatic stripping was not related to the success rate of fertilization. Pneumatic stripping resulted in a higher quality of collected eggs and a higher and more consistent hatching rate as compared with the hand-stripped samples, regardless of the gas used. The results presented here lead us to recommend the pneumatic method for obtaining eggs from whitefish, since it is a simple, reproducible method and improves the reproductive performance and developmental success of the fish eggs.

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Isniyati, Heni, and Mustafa Daru Affandi. "Air Stripping as an Effective Carbon Monoxide (CO) Adsorption Model on Cigarette Smoke." Unnes Journal of Public Health 7, no. 2 (July 1, 2018): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ujph.v7i2.17856.

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ABSTRACT Carbon Monoxide (CO) produced from smoke by cigarettes has a certain level that accumulates indoors and affects indoor air quality. The purpose of this study was to see how effective the method of air stripping in reducing CO gas concentration by using activated carbon, silica sand, and zeolite media in the experimental room which has a volume of 1000 litters. This research was performed in the laboratory by using pre-experiment random group design. The independent variables of this study include activated carbon, zeolite, and silica sand as adsorbent, while the dependent variable of this study was carbon monoxide concentration. The test was carried out by measuring the accumulation of CO gas from burning cigarette, and subsequent testing with air stripping test treatment by using the varies adsorbent on 30 minutes. From the test results obtained the highest percentage reduction of CO concentration, which was 50.89% by using the activated carbon adsorbent medium, and the lowest percentage of CO reduction was 5.85% by using silica sand adsorbent medium. The difference of CO gas concentration was significant after passing air stripping process by using zeolite media, activated carbon and silica sand with significance level p value = 0.0001. There were significant differences in the ability of zeolite, activated carbon and silica sand to reduce CO concentration, with p value = 0.0001. Keywords: Carbon Monoxide Concentration, Air Stripping, Adsorption, Activated Carbon, Zeolite, Silica Sand ABSTRAK Karbon Monoksida (CO) yang dihasilkan dari asap oleh rokok memiliki kadar tertentu yang terakumulasi di dalam ruangan dan mempengaruhi kualitas udara dalam ruangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat seberapa besar efektivitas metode air stripping dalam menurunkan konsentrasi gas CO dengan menggunakan media karbon aktif, pasir silika dan pasir zeolit di dalam ruangan percobaan yang memiliki volume 1000 liter. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang dilakukan di dalam laboratorium dengan menggunakan pre-eksperimen desain kelompok acak. Variabel bebas dari penelitian ini meliputi karbon aktif, pasir zeolite dan pasir silika sebagai adsorben, sedangkan variabel terikat dari penelitian ini konsentrasi karbon monoksida.. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengukur akumulasi gas CO dari pembakaran rokok, dan pengujian berikutnya dengan perlakuan uji air stripping menggunakan adsorben yang berbeda-beda dengan waktu pengujian selama 30 menit. Dari hasil uji didapatkan persentase penurunan konsentrasi CO tertinggi, yaitu 50,89 % dengan menggunakan media adsorben karbon aktif, dan persentase penurunan CO terendah yaitu 5,85% dengan menggunakan media adsorben pasir silika. Perbedaan konsentrasi gas CO yang signifikan setelah melalui proses air stripping dengan menggunakan media zeolit, karbon aktif dan pasir silika dengan taraf signifikasi nilai p = 0,0001. Ada perbedaan nilai yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan media zeolit, karbon aktif dan pasir silika dalam menurunkan konsentrasi CO, dengan nilai p = 0,0001. Kata kunci : Konsentrasi Karbon Monoksida, Air Stripping, Adsorbsi, Karbon aktif, Zeolit, pasir silika

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Quan, Xue Jun, Qing Hua Zhao, Jin Xin Xiang, Zhi Liang Cheng, and Fu Ping Wang. "Gas Phase Pressure Drop of a Water-Sparged Aerocyclone Reactor." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.433.

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Air stripping of ammonia is a widely used process for the pretreatment of wastewater. Scaling and fouling on the packing surface in packed towers and a lower stripping efficiency are the two major problems in this process. New patented equipment that is suitable for the air stripping of wastewater with suspended solids has been developed. Air stripping of ammonia from water with Ca(OH)2, was performed in the newly designed gas-liquid contactor, a water-sparged aerocyclone (WSA). The pressure drop of gas phase was investigated in order to know the momentum transfer characteristic of the WSA. It was found that the gas phase pressure drop exhibited a different change tendency compared with the traditional aerocyclone, and could be divided into three characteristic stages, including low pressure drop, pressure drop jump and high pressure drop phases. The three different pressure drop areas corresponds to steady jet, spiral and fogged flow patterns of the liquid phase. The critical value for the air flow rate which caused the mass transfer coefficient to increase rapidly took place at the point where the steady jet was transformed into the spiral flow pattern.

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34

Nur, Muhammad, Edi Munawar, and Mariana Mariana. "Recovery Process of Condensate the Ammonia Wastewater Plant of PT.PIM with A Combination of Technology Air Stripping Jet Bubble Colum, Advance Oxidation process and Ion Exchange Resin." Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan 12, no. 1 (May 25, 2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23955/rkl.v12i1.5503.

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Abstract Study of reducing the content of ammonia, carbon dioxide and organic contaminants in wastewater process condensate using a combination of technologies of water Jet Stripping Bubble Colum, Advance Oxidation Process and Ion Exchange Resin have been done. The aims of this research is to look the effect of hydraulic resident time in Jet Stripping Bubble Colum and the amount of the addition of Ozon/H2O2 to reduction the content of carbon dioxide and organic contaminants as well as ammonia removal with ion exchange resin on the process condensate so that can be reuse as boiler feed water in ammonia plant of PT. PIM. This research was conducted using a combination Air Stripping Jet Bubble Colum, Advance Oxidation Process and Ion Exchange Resin which equipped with water and air flows adjustment. The water flow enter the column, pressure of the Colum and diameter of nozzle was maintained constantnts during experiment, while the air flow rate enter to the column, H2O2/O3 concentrations and the hydraulic retention time was vary respectively. The results showed that the water Jet Stripping Bubble Colum at 50 Psi air pressure capable of achieving CO2 lowers 87.60% and ammonia to 65.31%. AOP technology capable of lowering the content of organic contaminant to 80.71% with the addition of hydrogen peroxide 8,000 ppm with a residence time 180 minutes. While the ammonia remaining in the water the process of condensate action exchange resin using eliminated with a reduction of ammonia reached 98.57%, so that the recovery process of water condensate technology uses a combination of Air Stripping Jet Bubble Colum, Advance Hydrocarbon processes (AOP) and Ion Exchange Resins already meets the requirements of viable reuses boiler feed water. The ammonia reduction was determined by using ASTM-D 1426 method, the carbon dioxide by using ASTM-512 method, and the organic contaminants by using titrimetric method (SII-0071). Keyword : Air Stripping Jet Bubble Colum, Advance Oxidation Process (AOP), Ammonia Removal, Carbon Dioxide Removal.

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35

Twesme, David A., Allen R. Firestone, Timothy J. Heaven, Fred F. Feagin, and Alex Jacobson. "Air-rotor stripping and enamel demineralization in vitro." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 105, no. 2 (February 1994): 142–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(94)70110-5.

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36

Ball, Brandon R., and Michael D. Edwards. "Air stripping VOCs from groundwater: Process design considerations." Environmental Progress 11, no. 1 (February 1992): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.670110116.

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37

Lamarche, Philippe, and Ronald L. Droste. "Air-Stripping Mass Transfer Correlations for Volatile Organics." Journal - American Water Works Association 81, no. 1 (January 1989): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1989.tb03326.x.

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38

Dell'Orco, Michael J., Paul A. Chadik, Gabriel Bitton, and R. P. Neumann. "Sulfide-oxidizing bacteria: their role during air-stripping." Journal - American Water Works Association 90, no. 10 (October 1998): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1998.tb08523.x.

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39

Kutzer, Stephan, Hans Wintrich, and Alfons Mersmann. "Air stripping - a method for treatment of wastewater." Chemical Engineering & Technology 18, no. 3 (June 1995): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.270180302.

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40

Speece, R. E., N. Nirmalakhandan, and Young H. Lee. "Nomograph for Air Stripping of VOC from Water." Journal of Environmental Engineering 113, no. 2 (April 1987): 434–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1987)113:2(434).

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41

Rorschach, ReaganC, RobinL Autenrieth, and JamesS Bonner. "Air stripping of hexachlorobiphenyl from the aqueous phase." Journal of Hazardous Materials 22, no. 2 (January 1989): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(89)85057-5.

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42

Ellersdorfer, Markus. "The ion-exchanger–loop-stripping process: ammonium recovery from sludge liquor using NaCl-treated clinoptilolite and simultaneous air stripping." Water Science and Technology 77, no. 3 (November 20, 2017): 695–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.561.

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Abstract The technical feasibility of an ammonium recovery process (‘ion-exchanger–loop-stripping’) for sludge liquor from municipal wastewater treatment plants is examined. The proposed process combines ion-exchange on natural zeolites with simultaneous air stripping of ammonia to produce an industrial NOx-removal agent. Column experiments with continuously recycled NH4Cl-solutions and a real sludge liquor sample were conducted to determine basic ion-exchange kinetics of the applied clinoptilolite. Mass balances of consecutive loading/regeneration cycles show the positive influence of NaCl-pretreatment as well as simultaneous air stripping on the NH4+-exchange capacities. Removal rates for NH4+ between 61.5 and 84.6% were achieved at NH4+-concentrations typical for sludge liquor (900 to 2,300 mg L−1). Zeolite loadings ranged from 5 to 8 mg NH4+ g−1 after 90 min of loading. Regeneration rates were between 42.9 and 49.7%, but increased to 64.8% with simultaneous air stripping. A minimal decrease in the ammonium removal rate was observed as a result of matrix effects in sludge liquor (e.g. flocculants, competing ions). Liquid analyses showed a considerable phosphate-reduction in the sludge liquor sample after ion-exchange due to potential struvite or apatite precipitation. The obtained results enable a detailed design, scale-up and further optimization of the ion-exchanger–loop-stripping process in future.

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43

Quan, Xue Jun, Qing Hua Zhao, Jin Xin Xiang, Zhi Liang Cheng, and Fu Ping Wang. "Mass Transfer Mechanism of a Water-Sparged Aerocyclone Reactor." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.279.

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Air stripping of ammonia is a widely used process for the pretreatment of wastewater. Scaling and fouling on the packing surface in packed towers and a lower stripping efficiency are the two major problems in this process. New patented equipment that is suitable for the air stripping of wastewater with suspended solids has been developed. Air stripping of ammonia from water with Ca(OH)2, was performed in the newly designed gas-liquid contactor, a water-sparged aerocyclone (WSA). The mechanism of the mass transfer process in the WSA was investigated using a CO2—NaOH rapid pseudo first order reaction system. The results indicated that there is a critical gas phase inlet velocity Ug. When Ug is lower than this value, the increase of the inlet velocity has a double function of both intensifying the liquid side film mass transfer coefficient kL and increasing the specific mass transfer area a; whereas when Ug is larger than this value, the major function of Ug increase is to make the water drops in the WSA broken, increasing the mass transfer area of gas-liquid phases.

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44

Caffaro-Filho, R. A., R. Wagner, G. A. Umbuzeiro, M. J. Grossman, and L. R. Durrant. "Identification of α-β unsaturated aldehydes as sources of toxicity to activated sludge biomass in polyester manufacturing wastewater." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 9 (May 1, 2010): 2317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.054.

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Wastewater generated in industrial production processes are often contaminated by hazardous chemicals. Characterization by means of toxicity-directed analysis is useful for identifying which fractions of a waste stream possess the most toxicity. We applied this approach to evaluate toxic components of a polyester manufacturing wastewater. Using the reduction in oxygen uptake rate of activated sludge as an indicator of toxicity, it was determined that increasing the pH from 3 to 11 followed by air stripping significantly reduced the toxicity of the wastewater. Comparative headspace GC/MS analysis of wastewater at different pHs selected a group of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) associated with the observed effect of air stripping at pH 11. Ten of these compounds were identified as α,β unsaturated aldehydes (acrolein (2-propenal) congeners); these compounds are known to be toxic as well as mutagenic. Confirmation that these compounds were a cause of toxicity was achieved by demonstrating that removal of these compounds by air stripping significantly reduced the wastewater mutagenic potency in a Salmonella mutagenicity assay. Formation of these volatile compounds by base catalyzed aldol condensation at pH 11 may account for the effectiveness of air stripping in reducing toxicity. To date there is no record in the literature about the toxicity and presence of acrolein congeners in polyester manufacturing wastewater.

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45

Dvorak, B. I., and J. W. Schauble. "Uncertainty in air stripping tower design: implications of the air-to-water ratio." Water Supply 1, no. 4 (June 1, 2001): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2001.0082.

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Environmental engineers are frequently faced with uncertainty in making design decisions because the true value of many process parameters is unknown. In this study, the design of countercurrent air stripping towers was modeled using fuzzy numbers, taking into account uncertainties in mass transfer and Henry's constant. It was found that, in addition to cost, the risk of failure is an important design consideration for stripping tower design. A significant over-design is both cost-effective and results in less risk of design failure. The air-to-water ratio that yielded the least risk of failure switched from low to high as the removal efficiency of the tower increased. An important result is that at lower removal efficiencies, tower design and operation is most sensitive to uncertainties in mass transfer and at higher removal efficiencies, tower design and operation is most sensitive to uncertainties in Henry's constant . The implication is that low air-to-water ratios are best when the regulatory target removal efficiency is low and/or when the uncertainty in the value of the contaminant's Henry's constant is larger than the uncertainty in the mass transfer coefficient value. Otherwise a high air-to-water ratio results in the least risk of process failure.

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46

Cao, Guo Min, Fang Hong, Mei Sheng, Xiao Dan Shuai, and Lin Hu. "Research on the Reutilization Technology of the Brine from Vinylidene Chloride Synthesis." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 2242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.2242.

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The brine from vinylidene chloride (VDC) synthesis contains high concentration of sodium chloride and halogenated hydrocarbons which are all volatile organic chemicals (VOCs). Based on the contaminations’ characteristics in the brine, an air-stripping process was firstly applied for removing most of the halogenated hydrocarbons in the brine, and then the H2O2/UV oxidation process was used for polishing treatment so that the treated brine could be reused as a raw material for a chloro-alkali process. The results showed the residual TOC after air-stripping could be effectively removed by H2O2/UV process, and the TOC level of the brine from VDC production could be decreased to less than 10 mg/L through combined air-stripping and H2O2/UV oxidation process, and than the treated brine could be reused as raw material for a chloro-alkali process.

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47

Deswati, Hamzar Suryani, Imelda, and Yulia. "STUDI OPTIMASI KROMIUM (VI) DALAM AIR LAUT SECARA VOLTAMMETRI STRIPPING ADSORPTIF." Jurnal Riset Kimia 3, no. 1 (February 11, 2015): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v3i1.45.

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ABSTRACT Study of optimation chromium (VI) in sea water by adsorptive stripping voltammetry has been done. The aim of this method to get optimum conditions for determination of Cr(VI). Adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) has been used for the ultra trace determination of chromium using 2,2’- bipyridin as ligand. Parameters were done, like accumulation time, concentration of ligand, pH, accumulation potential, electrolyte concentration and catalyst concentration. In this case, the optimum conditions were reached in accumulation time 80 second, pH 5.0, concentration of 2,2’- bipyridin 10 μM, accumulation potential -0,6 Volt and electrolyte concentration (NH4Cl) 0,1 M. In the optimum conditions, a linear calibration graph was obtained with correlation coefficient of 0.9971, the relative standard deviation was 15.06 % for eight replicates (n = 8) measurements of 10 μg/L of Cr(VI). The detection limit method was 0.1692 μg/L. The method was applied to the direct determination of Cr(VI) in sea water around Muara Padang water. Concentration Cr(VI) in sample was equal to 0.9684 μg/L with recovery of 90.23 %. Keywords : optimation, chromium, adsorptive, stripping, voltammetry

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48

Roustan, M., N. Ganne, H. Roques, J. P. Duguet, E. Brodard, and J. Mallevialle. "Removal of Chlorinated Solvents from Water by Air Stripping." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 7 (July 1, 1987): 1175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0004.

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49

Masuda, Hisakazu. "A new air stripping system for odorous wastewater treatment." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 40, no. 2 (1986): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.40.126.

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50

Shah, F. H., H. A. Hadim, and G. P. Korfiatis. "Laboratory studies of air stripping of VOC‐contaminated soils." Journal of Soil Contamination 4, no. 1 (January 1995): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15320389509383483.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Air stripping'

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