Relevant bibliographies by topics / Air - Temperature - Numerical Simulation

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Air - Temperature - Numerical Simulation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Air - Temperature - Numerical Simulation"

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Asghar, Usama, Muzaffar Ali, Danyal Iqbal, Muhammad Ali, and Muhammad Hassan Ameer. "Numerical Analysis of dew point Indirect Evaporative Cooler." MATEC Web of Conferences 381 (2023): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338101007.

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An indirect evaporative cooler that uses a Maisotsenko (M) Cycle has the potential to be a green and sustainable solution for managing a building’s cooling demand since it can attain sub-wet bulb temperature without humidification. This study presents the design and simulation analysis of a crossflow indirect evaporative cooler using the COMSOL Multiphysics software for various ambient conditions. The cooler’s performance was evaluated by varying the inlet air temperatures. The analysis was conducted using numerical simulations, and the outcomes were compared with experimental data. The simulation results demonstrated that the cooler could achieve significant temperature reductions at a minor energy consumption as compared to traditional air conditioning systems. This study delivers that this system reduces the temperature of inlet air up to 22°C as well as cooling capacity and coefficient of performance values are 3.699 kW and 27.40. Overall, the results demonstrate the potential of crossflow indirect evaporative coolers as an energy-efficient alternative to conventional air conditioning systems.
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Lam Wai Kit, Hassan Mohamed, Ng Yee Luon, and Leon Chan. "Numerical Simulation of Ventilation in a Confined Space." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 107, no. 1 (July 31, 2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.107.1.118.

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Numerical simulation of ventilation in a confined space is conducted with different quantities of heat sources and various conditions of the room with a constant ambient temperature of 298K. The velocity streamline plot shows a different air recirculating pattern in the case with the air ventilation system switched off. The room with an extreme condition achieves the highest temperature of T=310K. The lowest temperature is obtained in the case with a relaxing condition where T=Tac=294K. The efficiency of systems reduces when the air conditioner and air ventilation system operate at the same time. The efficiency of the air conditioner increases, and the ambient temperature achieves minimum value when the air ventilation system remains off. The position of the air conditioner is closed to the air ventilation system causing the efficiency of the system to reduce. This is due to the air ventilation system drawing cold air out of the room before convective heat transfer occurs.
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Zhao, Xiu Guo, Xin Xi Xu, Chen Su, Fu Niu, Shu Lin Tan, Jun Shu Han, Xu Dong Ren, Wen Chang Zhang, and Zhen Hai Gao. "Numerical Simulation of Microenvironment Inside Mobile Operating Room." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 819–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.819.

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The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to design the position of the inlet and outlet of the air conditioning and analyzing the air flow field and temperature distribution inside the operating room .The result showed the purification air conditioning of the mobile operating room can make air flow along only single direction with effectively avoiding the contamination gathering in the surgical area. It also can improve air cleanness of surgical area and fight against the infection of the patient wound. In the surgical area, the temperature is distributed around 23°C with perfect temperature distribution without obviously temperature gradient.
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Zhong, Xiao Hui, Yu Ling Zhai, and Yun Jun Gou. "Numerical Simulation of Small Cold Storage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 50-51 (February 2011): 896–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.50-51.896.

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The airflow change in cold storage were simulated by FLUENT under following three conditions, pre-cooling, stop to defrost and switch cold storage door. The result shows that the pre-cooling wind speed should be chose reasonably while guarantees the pre-cooling effort, hot air defrost had a favorable defrosting performance, and it is essential to seek optimal defrosting time according to the frost thickness and energy consume. The temperature field near the switch door was analyzed, and the temperature gradient near the switch door is considerable, but the outdoor air can be obstructed by increase air curtain.
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Zhang, Shi Cheng, Zhen Yang, and Li Yang. "Numerical Simulation of Sea Surface Transient Temperature Field." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.497.

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Sea surface temperature (SST) is a prerequisite for sea surface infrared imaging simulation. A temperature model suitable for seawater heat exchange is proposed based on the heat balance of air-sea interface and equations of fluid heat exchange. The model considers the air-sea heat transfer characteristics and influences of penetrating solar radiation in seawater. Effects of the solar radiation, sea surface wind speed and air temperature on SST are analyzed. Temperature model is also used to simulate the SST diurnal variation and compared with the measured values to verify the validity of the model. The results show that the model is useful for solution of sea surface transient temperature field and provides the basis for infrared imaging simulation of sea surface.
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Chyen, P. C., C. S. Yang, I. L. Wang, and H. H. Hwung. "NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON THERMAL DIFFUSION CONCERNING AIR-SEA HEAT EXCHANGE EFFECTS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 20 (January 29, 1986): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v20.183.

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The numerical simulations on thermal diffusion always concentrated upon the raised temperature and temperature distributions after the heated water discharged from outlet into surrounding water, and the surrounding water temperature was assumed to be a constant. Actually, the water temperature on surface layer in shallow water area varies several centigrade degrees depended upon the weather conditions during a whole day. In order to obtain the absolute water temperature prepared for the ecological changes assessment and even provided for the operation basis of the cooling water system that air-sea heat exchange has to be considered in the numerical simulation of thermal discharges. For the practical application of this numerical simulation, the first nuclear power plant in Taiwan was taken as an example and simulated in this paper. And the results were presented in figures.
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Tokairin, T., H. Kondo, H. Yoshikado, Y. Genchi, T. Ihara, Y. Kikegawa, Y. Hirano, and K. Asahi. "Measurement and Numerical Simulation of Air-Temperature in Tokyo." Proceedings of the Symposium on Global Environment 13 (2005): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/proge.13.129.

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Lindemann, Joerg, Tilman Keck, Kerstin Wiesmiller, Bjoern Sander, Hans-Juergen Brambs, Gerhard Rettinger, and Daniela Pless. "A Numerical Simulation of Intranasal Air Temperature During Inspiration." Laryngoscope 114, no. 6 (June 2004): 1037–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200406000-00015.

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Yang, Wei-hong, Shao-jiang Jiang, Tse-chiang Hsiao, and Li-xing Yang. "Numerical simulation of high temperature air combustion flames properties." Journal of Central South University of Technology 7, no. 3 (September 2000): 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11771-000-0027-7.

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Raczkowski, Andrzej, Zbigniew Suchorab, and Przemysław Brzyski. "Computational fluid dynamics simulation of thermal comfort in naturally ventilated room." MATEC Web of Conferences 252 (2019): 04007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925204007.

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The paper presents experimental measurements and numerical simulation of thermal environment in naturally ventilated room by a fresh air valve. For the aim of Computer Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, a model room was created. The fresh air valve is located in an occupied space, at the external wall. It has a major effect on mixing indoor and outdoor air, temperature profiles, thermal condition and indoor air quality of the rooms during the heating period. To determine the thermal condition of a naturally ventilated building, PN-EN 15251:2012 standard was used. According to the standard, using PMV/PPD is suitable for evaluating the thermal environment. In the naturally ventilated buildings, the following criteria are very important for local thermal discomfort: draught, radiant temperature asymmetry and vertical air temperature differences. To compare the simulation results, real air temperatures were measured by the thermocouples in a day room having the same geometry. A series of simulations has been carried out to determine the profiles of temperature and velocity of indoor air. Obtained results prove correlation with calculations of profiles of indoor air temperature, estimated using the thermocouples.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Air - Temperature - Numerical Simulation"

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Guilbaud, Claude. "Étude des inversions thermiques : application aux écoulements atmospghériques dans des vallées encaissées." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10068.

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Le code Submeso est développé dans le but de comprendre et d'analyser les phénomènes d'inversion thermique dans les vallées encaissées. Les grandes échelles de l'écoulement (LES) sont obtenues par la résolution des équations tridimensionnelles du mouvement écrites sous leur forme compressible et non-hydrostatique en coordonnées dites gal-chen. Un modèle sous-maillé basé sur une équation de transport de l'énergie cinétique turbulente permet de transférer la production d'énergie turbulente générée au sol vers les couches supérieures de l'atmosphère. Les échanges entre le sol et l'atmosphère sont décrits par un modèle de sol (sm2-isba), couplé à un modèle de paroi performant. Le modèle de sol est validé sur deux campagnes de mesures sur site efeda et hapex - mobilhy. La prise en compte de l'interaction sol-atmosphère a été validée par deux études de la couche limite planétaire: une couche limite atmosphérique pleinement convective et l'évolution d'une couche limite planétaire correspondant à l'expérience de Wangara. Une étude complète de la structure des écoulements atmosphériques dans des vallées encaissées est réalisée. Dans un premier temps, on étudie l'évolution temporelle d'un scalaire passif émis dans un relief complexe 3D avec des échanges sol-atmosphère simplifiés. Puis, les phénomènes d'inversions thermiques sont étudiés dans une vallée stylisée, pour deux saisons. Le modèle réaliste des échanges sol-atmosphère a permis de simuler le cycle diurne complet. On met en évidence une variabilité saisonnière du comportement de l'inversion. L'été, les phénomènes ont une durée de vie et des périodes de transition plus longue qu'en hiver. Contrairement au cas hivernal, la structure spatiale de la couche convective estivale est symétrique par rapport à l'axe médian de la vallée.
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Wang, Xiaodong. "Modélisation et simulation numérique de la combustion en présence d’interactions flammes/auto-inflammation Interactions between mixing, flame propagation, and ignition in non-premixed turbulent flames normalised residence time transportequation for the numerical simulation of combustion with high-temperature air." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESMA0002.

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Cette thèse de doctorat est consacrée à la modélisation des écoulements turbulents réactifs dans des cas où les niveaux de température peuvent conduire à l'auto-allumage du mélange. La stratégie de modélisation proposée consiste à traiter séparément les différents mécanismes physiques les plus importants : mélange des espèces chimiques, propagation de fronts de flammes et auto-inflammation. Ainsi, des méthodes simples, dérivées de modèles connus en combustion turbulente non-prémélangée et prémélangée (méthodes de tabulation, PDF présumée) sont utilisées pour représenter les mécanismes de mélange des espèces et de propagation des fronts. Des développements spécifiques sont apportés pour que ces modèles soient toujours valides en présence d'auto-allumage. Les paramètres de modélisation introduits sont clairement identifiés et la sensibilité des résultats numériques à leurs valeurs est étudiée en détail. Le développement le plus important de ce travail concerne la méthode basée sur l'utilisation d'un temps de résidence pour modéliser l'auto-allumage du mélange. Comme la comparaison directe du temps de résidence au délai d'auto-allumage n'a plus de signification physique dès lors que la composition et la température évoluent avant l'auto-inflammation, un temps de résidence normalisé est introduit. Cette quantité peut aussi être présentée comme l'âge relatif des particules qui vieillissent différemment selon les caractéristiques du mélange local. L'équation bilan correspondante est dérivée soit de celle pour le temps de résidence soit par analogie avec l'équation G décrivant la propagation d'un front de flamme. Dans ce dernier cas, le temps de résidence est considéré comme une fonction "level-set" adaptée au suivi de fronts d'auto-inflammation. L'utilisation de ce temps normalisé permet aussi de traiter la difficulté liée aux conditions limites de temps de résidence. Le modèle proposé est d'abord utilisé pour simuler une flamme turbulente non-prémélangée de type JHC (Jet-in-Hot-Coflow) en RANS avec le logiciel de calcul numérique Code-Saturne (Bas Mach). Les résultats numériques sont validés pour deux conditions expérimentales différentes. Le modèle est ensuite validé par des calculs DNS de couche de mélange 1D soumise à l'auto-inflammation. Enfin, des simulations numériques préliminaires d'une configuration expérimentale récente disponible au laboratoire (Constant Volume Vessel) sont réalisées pour évaluer la faisabilité de l'extension du modèle en LES compressible avec OpenFOAM
The present study is devoted to the modelling of turbulent reactive flows in cases where the temperature levels can lead to the self-ignition of the mixture. The proposed modelling strategy consists of treating separately the most important physical mechanisms : scalar mixing, flame propagation and self-ignition. Thus, simple methods derived from known models in non-premixed and premixed turbulent combustion(tabulation methods, presumed PDF) are used to represent the mixing mechanism of species and flame propagation. The most important development of this work concerns the method based on the use of a residence time to model the self-ignitionof the mixture. Since the direct comparison of the residence time with the self-ignition delay has no physical meaning as long as the composition and the temperature change before the self-ignition, a normalised residence time is introduced. This quantity can also be presented as the relative age of particles that age differently depending on the characteristics of the local mixture. The use of this normalised time also makes it possible to deal with the difficulty related to the boundary conditions of residence time. The proposed model is first used to simulate a non-premixed JHC(Jet-in-Hot-Coflow) turbulent flame in RANS with numerical computation softwareCode-Saturne(low Mach). This model is then validated by DNS calculations of 1D mixing layer subjected to self-ignition. Finally, preliminary numerical simulations of a recent experimental configuration available in the laboratory(Constant Volume Vessel) are carried out to evaluate the feasibility of extending the compressible LES model by using OpenFOAM
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Vaz, Joaquim. "Estudo experimental e numérico sobre o uso do solo como reservatório de energia para o aquecimento e resfriamento de ambientes edificados." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/28814.

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Objetivos: Este trabalho, abrangendo a área da transferência de calor e da mecânica dos fluidos, em seu desenvolvimento envolveu métodos analíticos, numéricos computacionais e experimentais (em ambiente de campo), com a finalidade de analisar o uso de trocadores de calor solo-ar, como estratégia para diminuir o consumo de energia convencional, no aquecimento ou resfriamento de ambientes construídos. Assim, um dos objetivos do estudo foi avaliar, com base em resultados experimentais, a performance do solo como um reservatório de energia, derivada da radiação solar. Buscou-se, pois, identificar parâmetros, procedimentos e condições favoráveis envolvendo esta estratégia. O outro objetivo do estudo foi, usando os softwares GAMBIT e FLUENT, modelar computacionalmente o escoamento do ar no trocador de calor solo-ar. Método: O estudo experimental e numérico foi precedido pela construção de uma edificação, especificamente concebida para a pesquisa, identificada como Casa Ventura. Em continuidade, foram enterrados dutos no solo, que conduziriam ar exterior e água (esta última por um período limitado) ao ambiente interno. No caso da condução de ar, o solo funcionaria como um reservatório de energia, aquecendo ou resfriando a ar. Já, no caso da condução de água, prevista com duto de baixa condutividade térmica, o solo funcionaria apenas como um protetor à radiação solar, para preservar as características térmicas da água, desde um reservatório, de onde a mesma era bombeada, até o interior da casa. Na Casa Ventura foram construídos dois ambientes centrais com características dimensionais e de envolvente equivalentes, constituindo os ambientes monitorados no processo, sendo um, na condição natural, referencial, sem renovação de ar, e o outro, com renovação de ar. Na parte experimental, o ar foi captado do ambiente externo e insuflado por um ventilador nos dutos enterrados, renovou o ar no interior deste último ambiente. Com ajuda de um fan-coil, colocado neste ambiente, o ar renovado trocou calor com a água. Por questões de dificuldades operacionais, o bombeamento de água funcionou por um período muito curto. Durante o experimento, que se desenvolveu por todo o ano de 2007, foram monitoradas e registradas, além da temperatura do solo e da água, a temperatura e a umidade: do ar externo, do ar nos ambientes internos e do ar em escoamento nos dutos enterrados, bem como a velocidade de escoamento nos mesmos. Resultados: De forma geral, o potencial do solo para aquecer foi maior do que o de resfriamento do ar injetado nos dutos enterrados. O potencial de aquecimento foi mais destacado nos meses de maio, junho, julho e agosto, e se mostrou maior que 3K. Para profundidades entre 2 e 3m, estima-se que o potencial possa ser superior a 8K. Por outro lado, o potencial de resfriamento foi maior nos meses de janeiro, fevereiro e dezembro, mas foi baixo para pequenas profundidades (menos de um metro). Para resfriamento, este potencial pode chegar a 4K. Contribuições da pesquisa: Face aos resultados da pesquisa, diversas foram as suas contribuições, dentre as quais se destacam: a construção de um banco de dados experimentais sobre as propriedades e características do solo (índices físicos, difusividade térmica, capacidade térmica volumétrica, condutividade térmica, temperatura e umidade) e do ar ambiente (temperatura e umidade) para o município de Viamão, localizado na região sul do Brasil, e que pode ser usado para a continuidade desta pesquisa ou para a elaboração de novas pesquisas e projetos; e o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia para a modelagem computacional de trocadores de calor solo-ar, validada através dos dados experimentais citados acima, possibilitando, assim, o emprego deste procedimento numérico, para a elaboração de projetos ou novas pesquisas nesta área.
Purpose: The development of the present work, comprising the area of heat transfer and fluids mechanics involved analytical, numerical computational and experimental (in field environment) methods, with the purpose of analyzing the use of earth-to-air heat exchanger, as a strategy to reduce conventional energy consumption, for the heating or cooling of built environments. Thus, one of the study purposes was to evaluate, based on experimental results, the earth performance as an energy reservoir, derived from solar radiation incidence on the surface of the ground. We aimed, then, at identifying favorable parameters, procedures and conditions involving this strategy. The other study purpose was, using the GAMBIT and FLUENT softwares, computationally modeling the air flow in the earth-to-air heat exchanger. Method: The experimental and numerical study was preceded by the construction of a building, specially planned for the research, called Casa Ventura. As a follow-up, ducts were buried on the ground, to conduct external air and water (the latter one for a limited period) to the internal environment of the house. In terms of air conduction, the earth would work as an energy reservoir, heating or cooling the air. Concerning the water conduction, planned to use a duct of low thermal conductivity, the earth would only work as a protector from solar radiation, to preserve the water thermal characteristics, when flowing from the water reservoir, where it would be taken from, to the inside of the house. At Casa Ventura two central environments were built with similar dimensional and envelope characteristics, constituting the environments monitored in the process, in which, one in the natural and referential condition, without air renovation, and the other, with air renovation. In the experimental part, the air was captured from the external environment and inflated by a fan in the buried ducts, and it renovated the air inside this latter environment. With the help of a fan-coil, placed in this environment, the renovated air exchanged heat with the water flowing through the ducts. Due to some operational difficulties, the pumping of water lasted for a very short period. During the experiment, which lasted through the whole year of 2007, besides the water and earth temperature, the temperature and humidity of the following were also monitored and registered: the external air, the air in the internal environments and the air flowing in the buried ducts, as well as the flowing speed of the different fluids. Results: In a general way, the earth potential to heat was higher than the cooling of air injected in the buried ducts. The heating potential was higher in the months of May, June, July and August, doing so by more 3K. For depths between 2 and 3m, it is estimated that the potential might be over 8K. On the other hand, the potential for cooling was higher in the months of January, February and December, but it was low for low depths (less than a meter). For cooling, this potential may reach 4K. Research contributions: Considering the research results, several were the contributions, among which we highlight: the construction of an experimental database on the earth properties and characteristics (physical indexes, thermal diffusivity, volumetric heat capacity, thermal conductivity, temperature and humidity) and the environmental characteristics of the air (temperature and humidity) for the city of Viamão, located in Southern Brazil, and that may be used for the continuation of this research or for the elaboration of new researches and projects; and the development of a methodology for computational modeling of earth-to-air heat exchangers, validated through the experimental data mentioned before, enabling, therefore, the use of this numerical procedure for the elaboration of projects or new researches in this area.
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Soultogiannis, A. Alexios Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Mechanical. "Numerical simulation of ventilation air movement in offices." Ottawa, 1990.

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Barimani, Mohammad. "Numerical simulation of particle separation in centrifugal air classifiers." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/56718.

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The demand for fine mineral powder in various industries has stimulated creative methods for separating the fine portion of particles from a mixture. Among the many different types of classifiers invented, centrifugal rotor air classifiers are characterized by their capability in producing ultra-fine products with a cut-size as low as 3um. Classification occurs due to the size-dependence of aerodynamic and inertial forces acting on particles: coarse particles have a higher ratio of centrifugal force to aerodynamic drag than do fine particles, and therefore are preferentially ejected to the classifier perimeter. Therefore, the high speed rotor located inside the classifier is key to classification. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is utilized in this study to investigate the motion of calcium carbonate particles in a rotor classifier. The single phase flow in two- and three-dimensional models of the rotor is computed. Two turbulence models, namely K-Omega and RSM, are applied to close the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Once the single phase flow has been computed the motion of solid particles is simulated using the Discrete Phase Model. This model ignores particle-particle interactions and the influence of the particles on the air flow. The motion of the particles is coupled to a statistical model of the turbulent velocity fluctuations. By tracking hundreds of particles, the efficiency for a variety of hypothetical classifiers is estimated. Though the CFD models, in comparison with experiments, cannot accurately predict the absolute cut-size values, they have proved effective in predicting cut-size shifts as a result of rotor geometry modification or alternative operating conditions. Based on these simulations two new rotors were built and the change in cut-size was predicted within 30% accuracy. Based on the paths of a large number of particles tracked in various operating conditions, regions in the rotor with very high particulate concentrations are identified. We speculate that this elevated concentration makes particle-particle interactions much more important than would be expected based on the feed concentration, which could in turn reduce the acceptance of the smallest particles.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Wang, Kezhou Denney Thomas Stewart. "Numerical modeling of nasal cavities and air flow simulation." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Spring/doctoral/WANG_KEZHOU_24.pdf.

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Ranjan, Arun Koushik Becker Bryan R. "Numerical simulation of genetically modified air-borne corn pollen flow." Diss., UMK access, 2004.

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Thesis (M.S.)--School Computing and Engineering. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2004.
"A thesis in mechanical engineering." Typescript. Advisor: Bryan R. Becker. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Feb. 28, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-73). Online version of the print edition.
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Huang, Jian-Ping. "Numerical simulation study of ozone episodes in complex terrain and coastal region /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MATH%202005%20HUANG.

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Donnelly, David Johnson. "Numerical Simulation of Surface Effect Ship Air Cushion and Free Surface Interaction." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35326.

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This thesis presents the results from the computational fluid dynamics simulations of surface effect ship model tests. The model tests being simulated are of a generic T-Craft model running in calm seas through a range of Froude numbers and in two head seas cases with regular waves. Simulations were created using CD-adapcoâ s STAR-CCM+ and feature incompressible water, compressible air, pitch and heave degrees of freedom, and the volume of fluid interface-capturing scheme. The seals are represented with rigid approximations and the air cushion fans are modeled using constant momentum sources. Drag data, cushion pressure data, and free surface elevation contours are presented for the calm seas cases while drag, pressure, heave, and roll data are presented for the head seas cases. The calm seas cases are modeled both with no viscosity and with viscosity and turbulence. All simulations returned rather accurate estimations of the free surface response, ship motions, and body forces. The largest source of error is believed to be due to the rigid seal approximations. While the wakeâ s amplitude is smaller when viscosity is neglected, both viscous and inviscid simulationsâ estimations of the free surface qualitatively match video footage from the model tests. It was found that shear drag accounts for about a quarter of the total drag in the model test simulations with viscosity, which is a large source of error in inviscid simulations. Adding the shear drag calculated using the ITTC-1957 friction coefficient line to the total drag from the inviscid simulation gives the total drag from the viscous simulations within a 6% difference.
Master of Science
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Ho, Son Hong. "Numerical simulation of thermal comfort and contaminant transport in air conditioned rooms." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000548.

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Books on the topic "Air - Temperature - Numerical Simulation"

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Gross, Günter. Numerical simulation ofcanopy flows. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Center, NASA Glenn Research, ed. 2000 Numerical Propulsion System Simulation Review. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2001.

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Center, NASA Glenn Research, ed. 2000 Numerical Propulsion System Simulation Review. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2001.

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Center, NASA Glenn Research, ed. 2000 Numerical Propulsion System Simulation Review. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2001.

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Numerical simulation of canopy flows. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Ahuja, J. K. Numerical simulation of shock-induced combustion in a superdetonative hydrogen-air system. Washington, D. C: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993.

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Xu, Da Quan. Numerical simulation of weak blast waves in air using a linear analysis. Japan: [s.n.], 1989.

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S, Sato, Kamata M, Yamamoto K, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Advanced Monitoring and Numerical Analysis of Coastal Water and Urban Air Environment. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2010.

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Nishikawa, Tracy. Numerical simulation of ground-water flow and land subsidence at Edwards Air Force Base, Antelope Valley, California. Sacramento, Calif: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Nishikawa, Tracy. Numerical simulation of ground-water flow and land subsidence at Edwards Air Force Base, Antelope Valley, California. Sacramento, Calif: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Air - Temperature - Numerical Simulation"

1

Helmig, Thorsten, Hui Liu, Simon Winter, Thomas Bergs, and Reinhold Kneer. "Development of a Tool Temperature Simulation During Side Milling." In Lecture Notes in Production Engineering, 308–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34486-2_22.

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AbstractCurrent modeling approaches of cutting processes require on the one hand extensive numerical and analytical simulations and further an experienced user in the field of numerical simulations, which makes a large-scale application time-consuming to apply.Therefore, the goal is to implement existing models into an established side-milling simulation program aiming for a computationally fast and user-friendly simulation approach capable of predicting transient tool temperatures along the cutting edge. Aim of this work is the development of the thermal model, which can later be implemented into existing programs. The model process involves the following two major steps: First, a geometric engagement simulation of the milling process with a parameterizable tool geometry is performed. These results are used to form a database linking the specific cutting force components with the heat flux components. Second, a three-dimensional transient heat conduction model of the cutter is established, applying the calculated heat flux components as boundary conditions in the simulation. Finally, first results of the performed simulation are presented and evaluated, in particular to validate the work flow and user accessibility. Future studies will then focus on further parameter analysis and experimental validation.
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Wang, Hailong, Bei Zhu, Chang Liu, Shiyan Wang, Shilin Zhao, Xu Ma, Yiqian Tan, Xing Yang, and Huazhang Sun. "A numerical simulation of the impact of hydropower development on regional air temperature in Canyon district." In Civil Engineering and Energy-Environment Vol 2, 485–94. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003433651-63.

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Peichl, Jonas, Andreas Schwab, Markus Selzer, Hannah Böhrk, and Jens von Wolfersdorf. "Innovative Cooling for Rocket Combustion Chambers." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 51–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_3.

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Abstract Transpiration cooling in combination with permeable ceramic-matrix composite materials is an innovative cooling method for rocket engine combustion chambers, while providing high cooling efficiency as well as enhancing engine life time as demanded for future space transportation systems. In order to develop methods and tools for designing transpiration cooled systems, fundamental experimental investigations were performed. An experimental setup consisting of a serial arrangement of four porous carbon fiber reinforced carbon (C/C) samples is exposed to a hot gas flow. Perfused with cold air, the third sample is unperfused in order to assess the wake flow development over the uncooled sample as well as the rebuilding of the coolant layer. Hereby, the focus is on the temperature boundary layer, using a combined temperature/pitot probe. Additionally, the sample surface temperature distribution was measured using IR imaging. The experiments are supported by numerical simulations which are showing a good agreement with measurement data for low blowing ratios.
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Kirchheck, Daniel, Dominik Saile, and Ali Gülhan. "Rocket Wake Flow Interaction Testing in the Hot Plume Testing Facility (HPTF) Cologne." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 145–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_9.

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Abstract Rocket wake flows were under investigation within the Collaborative Research Centre SFB/TRR40 since the year 2009. The current paper summarizes the work conducted during its third and final funding period from 2017 to 2020. During that phase, focus was laid on establishing a new test environment at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) Cologne in order to improve the similarity of experimental rocket wake flow–jet interaction testing by utilizing hydrogen–oxygen combustion implemented into the wind tunnel model. The new facility was characterized during tests with the rocket combustor model HOC1 in static environment. The tests were conducted under relevant operating conditions to demonstrate the design’s suitability. During the first wind tunnel tests, interaction of subsonic ambient flow at Mach 0.8 with a hot exhaust jet of approx. 920 K was compared to previously investigated cold plume interaction tests using pressurized air at ambient temperature. The comparison revealed significant differences in the dynamic response of the wake flow field on the different types of exhaust plume simulation.
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Paquet, Elodie, Sébastien Le Loch, Benoit Furet, Alain Bernard, and Sébastien Garnier. "Numerical Simulation and Experimentation of Additive Manufacturing Processes with Polyurethane Foams." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 48–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_9.

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AbstractFoam Additive Manufacturing (FAM) is the additive manufacturing process allowing parts to be obtained by depositing layers of polyurethane foam using a high-pressure machine. This inexpensive technology allows large parts to be produced in a reduced time. However, the quality of the parts produced by the FAM technique is greatly affected by the various thermal phenomena present during manufacturing and by the geometrical deviations of the layers due to the expansion of the PU foam. Numerical simulation remains an effective analytical tool for studying these phenomena. The aim of this work is to build a geometric and thermal model predictive of the FAM process by the finite element method, the final objective of which is to provide temperature maps throughout the manufacturing process and also to choose the best 3D printing strategy to have a model with constant cords and the smallest possible form deviation. The proposed model and the various simulation techniques used are detailed in this article. This model is developed under the finite element code Rem3D, and validated by experimental tests carried out on a FAM machinery or a robot, an example of which is detailed in this article.
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Sportisse, Bruno. "Toward Numerical Simulation." In Fundamentals in Air Pollution, 231–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2970-6_7.

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Semprich, Stephan, Yannick Scheid, and Jens Gattermann. "Compressed air tunnelling - determination of air requirement." In Numerical Simulation in Tunnelling, 249–301. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6099-2_11.

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Ren, Xudong. "LSP Numerical Simulation." In Laser Shocking Nano-Crystallization and High-Temperature Modification Technology, 11–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46444-1_2.

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Groß, Günter. "Air Flow Through and Above Stands." In Numerical Simulation of Canopy Flows, 92–149. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75676-4_4.

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Morgenstern, I., J. M. Singer, Th Hußlein, and H. G. Matuttis. "Numerical Simulation of High Temperature Superconductors." In Materials and Crystallographic Aspects of HTc-Superconductivity, 331–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1064-8_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Air - Temperature - Numerical Simulation"

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Kang, Z. Z., B. M. Sun, Y. H. Guo, W. Zhang, and H. Q. Wei. "Numerical Simulation of High-Temperature Air Direct-Ignition of Pulverized Coal." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80672.

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Numerical simulation method is employed in this article to investigate various high-temperature air direct-ignition processes of pulverized coal (PC). Several important factors are analyzed, which are the inlet velocity of primary air flow, PC concentration and the velocity and temperature of high temperature air. The flow, combustion and heat transfer in high temperature air oil-free ignition burner can also be obtained from the simulation results, which are in accordance with the experimental data. The research provides guidance for structure improvement and operation optimization of burner.
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Granovski, A. V., M. K. Kostege, M. Ja Ivanov, and R. Z. Nigmatullin. "Simulation of Temperature Field Redistribution Through Multistage Cooled Turbines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0576.

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The paper presents the detail investigation of temperature field evolution through multistage cooled turbines. An investigation bases on simple enough numerical simulation and allows for transient, heat transfer, viscous and some other important effects on temperature field transformation. Herewith the special test data for a number of cooled turbines are used. The developed numerical code has the following peculiarities: - a time-marching method for the unsteady Euler equation system; - a special algorithm of flow parameters averaging in mixing planes in the middle of axial gaps; - a monotone implicit scheme of second or third order accuracy in space and time. The code has been used for a numerical study of the flow pattern in a number of multistage aviation and industrial turbines. The described simulation demonstrates satisfactory correlation between the numerical and experimental data for temperature gradient attenuation in the flowpath of investigated cooled turbines.
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Yan, Beibei, Xuesong Bai, Guanyi Chen, and Changye Liu. "Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Biogas Combustion." In ASME 2007 Energy Sustainability Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2007-36164.

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Operating parameters are considered important for the biogas combustion process and the resulted flame features. The paper investigated the influence of typical parameters through numerical simulation, which include the dimension of combustor, fuel and air mass flow, and secondary air supply. The results from the simulations show that the biogas combustion behaves, to some extent, similarly to the methane combustion, yet significant differences exist between their flames. The combustion process is fairly sensitive to the geometrical and operational parameters. Biogas flame temperature is even lower compared to the methane flame temperature because biogas contains CO2 resulting in low heating value, therefore it is not straightforward to obtain stable combustion. Preheated secondary air or reduced its mass flow may have to be used in this case.
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Bing, Wei, Li Li, Jiang Lu, and Zhang Wei. "Indoor Environment Numerical Simulation of All Cold Air Distribution System With Stratified Air Conditioning." In ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54112.

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At present all cold air distribution systems are being used widely due to their advantages of smaller ductwork, shorter floor-to-floor height and less energy consumption etc. They are mostly used in VAV (Variable Air Volume) systems or with the radiant panel systems in the office and residential buildings at the supply air dew point temperature of 6∼10°C, rarely used in large space buildings. The technology of stratified air conditioning is one of the energy saving technologies to large space buildings, which has been popularly used in the conventional air supply systems with the supply air dew point temperature of 11∼16°C. In this paper, the cold air distribution system and the stratified air conditioning technology in a large space building are combined to study. With the method of CFD, the indoor thermal environment of a large space workshop is simulated. The velocity and the temperature as well as the relative humidity fields under different air flow modes are presented, analyzed and compared. With the help of numerical simulation results, the optimal airflow mode is proposed, which show that the all cold air distribution with the stratified air conditioning is a good option for large space buildings. All these above will be good references to the application of cold air distribution system and the selection of the airflow mode in large space buildings.
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Fan, Tiexin, Xianbin Zeng, Qi Niu, Bin Tu, Dongshan Huang, and Zhengjie Liu. "Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Air Temperature Measurement Scheme for Big Space in Containment." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-93513.

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Abstract During the design phase of a nuclear power plant (NPP), the average temperature of air in the containment was used as an input parameter for the analysis of the Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) and Main Steam Line Break (MSLB). Considering the complicated air temperature field distribution in the containment, it is uncertain that if the measurement results of these thermometers in the big space above the main operation platform (MOP) of the Reactor Building (RB) are representative in normal operation. Here we show a method of analysis: based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software, the Three-Dimensional model of the space above the MOP in the RB was established using Computer Aided Design (CAD) software Solidworks, according to the structures, heat dissipation of components, and ventilation in it. The model was meshed using the ANSYS ICEM meshing technology. The numerical simulations and finite element analysis were finally finished using ANSYS CFX software. Then the characteristics of air temperature field and velocity field were obtained. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of the air temperature measurement scheme in the space of this analog, and provide theoretical basis for the correction of the average measured value by comparing the simulation results of the temperature field.
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Yang, Hui, Li Jia, and Lixin Yang. "Numerical Simulation of the Impact of Both Air Conditioning System and Train’s Movement on Platform Air Temperature Distribution." In ASME 2008 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the Fluids Engineering, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2008-56201.

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The three dimensional air temperature distributions on subway platform under both natural ventilation mode and over-platform supply/ under-platform exhaust (OSUE) air conditioning system were simulated during a single train entering, staying and departing processes by using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method. On basis of the simulation, the comprehensive influences of both the train’s piston effect and the air conditioning mode on the air environment in different part of the platform were analyzed.
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Kulshreshtha, Digvijay B., S. A. Channiwala, and Saurabh B. Dikshit. "Numerical Simulation as Design Optimization Tool for Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22889.

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In present study an attempt has been made through CFD approach using CFX 11 to analyze the flow patterns within the combustion liner and through different air admission holes, namely, primary zone, intermediate zone, dilution zone and wall cooling, and from these the temperature distribution in the liner and at walls as well as the temperature quality at the exit of the combustion chamber are predicted. The design optimization is carried out using the CFD results with validation using experimental investigations.
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Nouri-Borujerdi, A., and A. Fathi-Gishnegani. "Numerical Simulation of Buoyancy Affected Turbulent Air Flow in a Room." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95634.

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In this paper a three-dimensional steady state incompressible turbulent air flow is considered in a large single room. The buoyancy affected turbulent air flow is simulated by solving governing equations numerically. The turbulence modeling includes both k–ε and zero-equation models and their results are compared to the experimental data. The paper reviews several aspects such as displacement of radiator system performance, temperature and flow field distribution and comfort. The results show that the best temperature distribution and comfort obtain when radiator is installed under the window and its height be equal to or greater than that of the window.
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Kang, Zhi-Zhong, and Bao-Min Sun. "Numerical Simulation of the Effects of Pulverized Coal Concentration on Coal Ignition by High Temperature Air." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66276.

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In China, over 70 percent of the power production feeds on thermal power plants running with pulverized coal (PC) fired boilers. Millions of tons of oil is consumed annually to ignite PC when the boiler starts up, as well as to stabilize the combustion. In this paper, one oil-free ignition technique is studied for oil-saving, in which high temperature air is used to ignite PC. As a key parameter, the effects of PC concentration on the ignition of PC are investigated by means of particular numerical simulations of FLUENT5.3. Under the given conditions of coal analysis, the author simulates the effects of different PC concentrations on ignition process, including ignition distance, temperature of flame and gas components. Part of the simulation results has the same tendency as the experimental data. The research provides guidance for structure improvement and operation optimization of the oil-free ignition burner by high temperature air.
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Dechelette, B., O. Heugas, G. Quenault, J. Bothua, and J. R. Christensen. "Air Injection-Improved Determination of the Reaction Scheme With Ramped Temperature Experiment and Numerical Simulation." In Canadian International Petroleum Conference. Petroleum Society of Canada, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/2003-180.

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Reports on the topic "Air - Temperature - Numerical Simulation"

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Tawfik, Aly, Deify Law, Juris Grasis, Joseph Oldham, and Moe Salem. COVID-19 Public Transportation Air Circulation and Virus Mitigation Study. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2036.

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COVID-19 may have forever changed our world. Given the limited space and air circulation, potential infections on public transportation could be concerningly high. Accordingly, this study has two objectives: (1) to understand air circulation patterns inside the cabins of buses; and (2) to test the impact of different technologies in mitigating viruses from the air and on surfaces inside bus cabins. For the first objective, different devices, metrics and experiments (including colored smoke; videotaping; anemometers; pressure differentials; particle counts; and 3D numerical simulation models) were utilized and implemented to understand and quantify air circulation inside different buses, with different characteristics, and under different operating conditions (e.g. with windows open and shut). For the second objective, three different live prokaryotic viruses were utilized: Phi6, MS2 and T7. Various technologies (including positive pressure environment inside the cabin, HEPA filters with different MERV ratings, concentrated UV exposure with charged carbon filters in the HVAC systems, center point photocatalytic oxidation technology, ionization, and surface antiviral agents) were tested to evaluate the potential of mitigating COVID-19 infections via air and surfaces in public transportation. The effectiveness of these technologies on the three live viruses was tested in both the lab and in buses in the field. The results of the first objective experiments indicated the efficiency of HVAC system designs, where the speed of air spread was consistently much faster than the speed of air clearing. Hence, indicating the need for additional virus mitigation from the cabin. Results of the second objective experiments indicated that photocatalytic oxidation inserts and UVC lights were the most efficient in mitigating viruses from the air. On the other hand, positive pressure mitigated all viruses from surfaces; however, copper foil tape and fabrics with a high percentage of copper mitigated only the Phi6 virus from surfaces. High-temperature heating was also found to be highly effective in mitigating the different viruses from the vehicle cabin. Finally, limited exploratory experiments to test possible toxic by-products of photocatalytic oxidation and UVC lights inside the bus cabin did not detect any increase in levels of formaldehyde, ozone, or volatile organic compounds. Implementation of these findings in transit buses, in addition to the use of personal protective equipment, could be significantly valuable for protection of passengers and drivers on public transportation modes, possibly against all forms of air-borne viruses.
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Tawfik, Aly, Deify Law, Juris Grasis, Joseph Oldham, and Moe Salem. COVID-19 Public Transportation Air Circulation and Virus Mitigation Study. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2036.

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COVID-19 may have forever changed our world. Given the limited space and air circulation, potential infections on public transportation could be concerningly high. Accordingly, this study has two objectives: (1) to understand air circulation patterns inside the cabins of buses; and (2) to test the impact of different technologies in mitigating viruses from the air and on surfaces inside bus cabins. For the first objective, different devices, metrics and experiments (including colored smoke; videotaping; anemometers; pressure differentials; particle counts; and 3D numerical simulation models) were utilized and implemented to understand and quantify air circulation inside different buses, with different characteristics, and under different operating conditions (e.g. with windows open and shut). For the second objective, three different live prokaryotic viruses were utilized: Phi6, MS2 and T7. Various technologies (including positive pressure environment inside the cabin, HEPA filters with different MERV ratings, concentrated UV exposure with charged carbon filters in the HVAC systems, center point photocatalytic oxidation technology, ionization, and surface antiviral agents) were tested to evaluate the potential of mitigating COVID-19 infections via air and surfaces in public transportation. The effectiveness of these technologies on the three live viruses was tested in both the lab and in buses in the field. The results of the first objective experiments indicated the efficiency of HVAC system designs, where the speed of air spread was consistently much faster than the speed of air clearing. Hence, indicating the need for additional virus mitigation from the cabin. Results of the second objective experiments indicated that photocatalytic oxidation inserts and UVC lights were the most efficient in mitigating viruses from the air. On the other hand, positive pressure mitigated all viruses from surfaces; however, copper foil tape and fabrics with a high percentage of copper mitigated only the Phi6 virus from surfaces. High-temperature heating was also found to be highly effective in mitigating the different viruses from the vehicle cabin. Finally, limited exploratory experiments to test possible toxic by-products of photocatalytic oxidation and UVC lights inside the bus cabin did not detect any increase in levels of formaldehyde, ozone, or volatile organic compounds. Implementation of these findings in transit buses, in addition to the use of personal protective equipment, could be significantly valuable for protection of passengers and drivers on public transportation modes, possibly against all forms of air-borne viruses.
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Linker, Raphael, Murat Kacira, Avraham Arbel, Gene Giacomelli, and Chieri Kubota. Enhanced Climate Control of Semi-arid and Arid Greenhouses Equipped with Fogging Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7593383.bard.

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The main objectives were (1) to develop, implement and validate control procedures that would make it possible to maintain year-round air temperature and humidity at levels suitable for crop cultivation in greenhouses operating in arid and semi-arid regions and (2) to investigate the influence of the operational flexibility of the fogging system on the performance of the system. With respect to the development of climate controllers, we developed a new control approach according to which ventilation is used to maintain the enthalpy of the greenhouse air and fogging is used to adjust the humidity ratio inside the greenhouse. This approach is suitable mostly for greenhouses equipped with mechanized ventilation, and in which the air exchange rate can be controlled with enough confidence. The development and initial validation of the controllers were performed in a small experimental greenhouses located at the Agricultural Research Organization and very good tracking were obtained for both air temperature and relative humidity (maximum mean deviations over a 10-min period with constant setpoints lower than 2.5oC and 5% relative humidity). The robust design approach used to develop the controllers made it possible to transfer successfully these controllers to a much larger semi-commercial greenhouse located in the much drier Arava region. After only minimal adjustments, which did not require lengthy dedicated experiments, satisfactory tracking of the temperature and humidity was achieved, with standard deviation of the tracking error lower than 1oC and 5% for temperature and relative humidity, respectively. These results should help promote the acceptance of modern techniques for designing greenhouse climate controllers, especially since given the large variety of greenhouse structures (shape, size, crop system), developing high performance site-specific controllers for each greenhouse is not feasible. In parallel to this work, a new cooling control strategy, which considers the contribution of humidification and cooling from the crop, was developed for greenhouses equipped with natural ventilation. Prior to the development of the cooling strategy itself, three evapotranspiration models were compared in terms of accuracy and reliability. The cooling strategy that has been developed controls the amount of fog introduced into the greenhouse as well as the percentage of vent openings based on the desired vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and enthalpy, respectively. Numerical simulations were used to compare the performance of the new strategy with a constant fogging rate strategy based on VPD, and on average, the new strategy saved 36% water and consumed 30% less electric energy. In addition, smaller air temperature and relative humidity fluctuations were achieved when using the new strategy. Finally, it was demonstrated that dynamically varying the fog rate and properly selecting the number of nozzles, yields additional water and electricity savings.
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Hummer, Charles R. Photoionization in a Numerical Simulation of a Spark Discharge in Air. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1016937.

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Azimova, N. N., V. V. Baranichenko, M. V. Bedoidze, A. S. Gumenyuk, D. V. Ruslyakov, and D. S. TSyimbalov. COMPUTER PROGRAMM "NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF AIR-DUST MIXTURE IN A VERTICALLY DIRECTED DIFFUSER". OFERNIO, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/ofernio.2022.25090.

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Letourneau, Emma, and Ram Srinivasan. A numerical evaluation of the ambient air temperature in the Electron-Ion Collider tunnel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1964074.

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Kwicklis, E. M., R. W. Healy, F. Thamir, and D. Hampson. Numerical simulation of air- and water-flow experiments in a block of variably saturated, fractured tuff from Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/296651.

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LeGrand, Sandra, Theodore Letcher, Gregory Okin, Nicholas Webb, Alex Gallagher, Saroj Dhital, Taylor Hodgdon, Nancy Ziegler, and Michelle Michaels. Application of a satellite-retrieved sheltering parameterization (v1.0) for dust event simulation with WRF-Chem v4.1. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47116.

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Employing numerical prediction models can be a powerful tool for forecasting air quality and visibility hazards related to dust events. However, these numerical models are sensitive to surface conditions. Roughness features (e.g., rocks, vegetation, furrows, etc.) that shelter or attenuate wind flow over the soil surface affect the magnitude and spatial distribution of dust emission. To aide in simulating the emission phase of dust transport, we used a previously published albedo-based drag partition parameterization to better represent the component of wind friction speed affecting the immediate soil sur-face. This report serves as a guide for integrating this parameterization into the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model. We include the procedure for preprocessing the required input data, as well as the code modifications for the Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) dust emission module. In addition, we provide an example demonstration of output data from a simulation of a dust event that occurred in the Southwestern United States, which incorporates use of the drag partition.
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Grauer and Chapman. L52330 Development of an Active Air Control System. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010447.

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Develop an active air control system that, when installed on a turbocharged-engine system, will reduce NOX emissions below the levels of the system alone. While the turbocharged-engine system allows the natural gas compression industry to decrease pollutant emissions via increased air flow, the physics of the system and the environments in which these systems operate restrict further advancements. A new model, the Charge Air Integrated Manifold Engine Numerical Simulation (CAIMENS). The CAIMENS model was used to: Quantify the effects of charge air imbalance between cylinders in terms of NOX production; Illustrate that an imbalance in mass air flow creates a one-to-one imbalance in corrected trapped equivalence ratio Reveal a 5% to 12% imbalance in air flow present in the candidate Cooper GMV engine which correlated to a 65% to 92% imbalance in NOX production; and Provide detailed information that led to the specification of a mass air flow (MAF) sensor coupled with an air flow balancer (AFB), comprising the Active Air Control (AAC) system. The research team proceeded by working with the ERLE team to select cylinder liners for the NGML air flow bench, and then expanded the air flow bench from one cylinder to two cylinders. The specified AAC system was installed on each of the two cylinders. The research team then conducted a series of experiments to evaluate and fine tune the AAC system. The AAC system was able to correct up to a 12.4% air imbalance. The end point of the project was an AAC system that could, with some engineering effort, be applied to field engines. Benefit: The resulting technology was an active air flow control system consisting of an AFB integrated with a MAF sensor. The AFB has characteristics analogous to that of a throttle plate used in a carbureted internal combustion engine.
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Brydie, Dr James, Dr Alireza Jafari, and Stephanie Trottier. PR-487-143727-R01 Modelling and Simulation of Subsurface Fluid Migration from Small Pipeline Leaks. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011025.

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The dispersion and migration behavior of hydrocarbon products leaking at low rates (i.e. 1bbl/day and 10 bbl/day) from a pipeline have been studied using a combination of experimental leakage tests and numerical simulations. The focus of this study was to determine the influence of subsurface engineered boundaries associated with the trench walls, and the presence of a water table, upon the leakage behavior of a range of hydrocarbon products. The project numerically modelled three products including diesel, diluted bitumen (dilbit) and gasoline; which were chosen to span a range of fluid types and viscosities. Laboratory simulations of leakage were carried out for the most viscous product (i.e. dilbit) in order to capture plume dispersion in semi-real time, and to allow numerical predictions to be assessed against experimental data. Direct comparisons between observed plume dimensions over time and numerically predicted behavior suggested a good match under low moisture conditions, providing confidence that the numerical simulation was sufficiently reliable to model field-scale applications. Following a simulated two year initialization period, the leakage of products, their associated gas phase migration, thermal and geomechanical effects were simulated for a period of 365 days. Comparisons between product leakage rate, product type and soil moisture content were made and the spatial impacts of leakage were summarized. Variably compacted backfill within the trench, surrounded by undisturbed and more compacted natural soils, results porosity and permeability differences which control the migration of liquids, gases, thermal effects and surface heave. Dilbit migration is influenced heavily by the trench, and also its increasing viscosity as it cools and degases after leakage. Diesel and gasoline liquid plumes are also affected by the trench structure, but to a lesser extent, resulting in wider and longer plumes in the subsurface. In all cases, the migration of liquids and gases is facilitated by higher permeability zones at the base of the pipe. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) migrate along the trench and break through at the surface within days of the leak. Temperature changes within the trench may increase due liquid migration, however the change in predicted temperature at the surface above the leak is less than 0.5�C above background. For gasoline, the large amount of degassing and diffusion through the soil results in cooling of the soil by up to 1�C. Induced surface displacement was predicted for dilbit and for one case of diesel, but only in the order of 0.2cm above baseline. Based upon the information gathered, recommendations are provided for the use and placement of generic leak detection sensor types (e.g liquid, gas, thermal, displacement) within the trench and / or above the ground surface. The monitoring locations suggested take into account requirements to detect pipeline leakage as early as possible in order to facilitate notification of the operator and to predict the potential extent of site characterization required during spill response and longer term remediation activities.
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