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Journal articles on the topic 'Air-water CO2 exchange'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

González-Armas, Raquel, Jordi Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, Mary Rose Mangan, Oscar Hartogensis, and Hugo de Boer. "Impact of canopy environmental variables on the diurnal dynamics of water and carbon dioxide exchange at leaf and canopy level." Biogeosciences 21, no. 10 (2024): 2425–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2425-2024.

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Abstract. Quantifying water vapor and carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange dynamics between the land and the atmosphere through observations and modeling is necessary in order to reproduce and project near-surface climate in coupled land–atmosphere models. The exchange of water and CO2 occurs at the leaf surface (leaf level) and in a net manner through exchanges at all the leaf surfaces composing the vegetation canopy and at the soil surface (canopy level). These exchanges depend on the meteorological forcings imposed by the overlying atmosphere (atmospheric boundary layer level). In this paper, we i

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Ageev, I. M., and Yu M. Rybin. "Method for assessing the inertia of carbon dioxide gas exchange across the water-air interface." Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika 74, no. 2 (2025): 106–10. https://doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2025-2-106-110.

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The article considers changes in water properties under the influence of various external factors and points out the absence of a generally accepted technique for accounting for the effect of air on distilled water. The possibility of instrumental assessment of the effect of carbon dioxide CO2 on the electrical conductivity of distilled water is analyzed. For this purpose, the inertia of CO2 gas exchange at the water/air interface in sealed conductometric cells with a degree of filling with distilled water within 10–100 % and water heating (cooling) rates of 0.04–2.00 °C·min–1 was experimental

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3

Kiuru, Petri, Anne Ojala, Ivan Mammarella, et al. "Applicability and consequences of the integration of alternative models for CO<sub>2</sub> transfer velocity into a process-based lake model." Biogeosciences 16, no. 17 (2019): 3297–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3297-2019.

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Abstract. Freshwater lakes are important in carbon cycling, especially in the boreal zone where many lakes are supersaturated with the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) and emit it to the atmosphere, thus ventilating carbon originally fixed by the terrestrial system. The exchange of CO2 between water and the atmosphere is commonly estimated using simple wind-based parameterizations or models of gas transfer velocity (k). More complex surface renewal models, however, have been shown to yield more correct estimates of k in comparison with direct CO2 flux measurements. We incorporated four gas

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4

Pattanaik, Suchismita, Pradipta Kumar Mohapatra, Debasish Mohapatra, Sanhita Swain, Chitta Ranjan Panda, and Pradeep Kumar Dash. "The Interaction of Seasons and Biogeochemical Properties of Water Regulate the Air–Water CO2 Exchanges in Two Major Tropical Estuaries, Bay of Bengal (India)." Life 12, no. 10 (2022): 1536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12101536.

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The exchange of CO2 between the air–water interfaces of estuaries is crucial from the perspective of the global carbon cycle and climate change feedback. In this regard, we evaluated the air–water CO2 exchanges in two major estuaries—the Mahanadi estuary (ME) and the Dhamra estuary (DE) in the northern part of the Bay of Bengal, India. Biogeochemical properties of these estuarine waters were quantified in three distinct seasons, namely, pre-monsoon (March to May), monsoon (June to October), and post-monsoon (November to February). The significant properties of water, such as the water temperat

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Laruelle, Goulven Gildas, Nicolas Goossens, Sandra Arndt, Wei-Jun Cai, and Pierre Regnier. "Air–water CO2 evasion from US East Coast estuaries." Biogeosciences, no. 14 (May 15, 2017): 2441–68. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2441-2017.

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Watanabe, Kenta, Goro Yoshida, Masakazu Hori, Yu Umezawa, Hirotada Moki, and Tomohiro Kuwae. "Macroalgal metabolism and lateral carbon flows can create significant carbon sinks." Biogeosciences 17, no. 9 (2020): 2425–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2425-2020.

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Abstract. Macroalgal beds have drawn attention as one of the vegetated coastal ecosystems that act as atmospheric CO2 sinks. Although macroalgal metabolism as well as inorganic and organic carbon flows are important pathways for CO2 uptake by macroalgal beds, the relationships between macroalgal metabolism and associated carbon flows are still poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated carbon flows, including air–water CO2 exchange and budgets of dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), in a temperate macroalgal bed during the productive m

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Gutiérrez-Loza, Lucía, Erik Nilsson, Marcus B. Wallin, Erik Sahlée, and Anna Rutgersson. "On physical mechanisms enhancing air–sea CO₂ exchange." Biogeosciences 19, no. 24 (2022): 5645–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5645-2022.

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Abstract. Reducing uncertainties in the air–sea CO2 flux calculations is one of the major challenges when addressing the oceanic contribution in the global carbon balance. In traditional models, the air–sea CO2 flux is estimated using expressions of the gas transfer velocity as a function of wind speed. However, other mechanisms affecting the variability in the flux at local and regional scales are still poorly understood. The uncertainties associated with the flux estimates become particularly large in heterogeneous environments such as coastal and marginal seas. Here, we investigated the air

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Tabesh, Hadi, Mohammad Hossein Gholami, and Marjan Marefat. "The Effect of Sweeping Media and Temperature on Aqueous CO2 Removal Using Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor (HFMC): An Experimental Determination." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023 (June 3, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3577656.

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Transport phenomena through hollow fiber membrane contactors (HFMCs) indicate the exchange of a component between the two phases, inside and outside of hollow fibers. In this research, we designed and fabricated lab-made HFMCs to assess the difference between water and air as sweeping media for CO2 exchange. The effects of flow rates and temperature ratios on aqueous CO2 absorption were investigated accordingly. A semiclosed circuit incorporating our fabricated HFMCs was set up to regulate the operating parameters and evaluate the aqueous CO2 concentration using an initiative pH-based method.

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9

Kiosak, Volodymyr, Volodymyr Isaiiev, Valerii Fedorenko, Andrii Hridasov, and Mykola Bankivskyi. "Modelling of air exchange "air supply from above - removal from above"." Ventilation, Illumination and Heat Gas Supply 50 (March 7, 2025): 64–88. https://doi.org/10.32347/2409-2606.2024.50.64-88.

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The efficiency of the air exchange scheme "air supply from above - removal from above" is considered. Heat and mass exchange of the system including: mathematical model of a human being (breathing process with release of carbon dioxide, heat and water vapour into the environment) with simultaneous heat release from the clothed body surface; supply ventilation system (CO2, water vapour and heat input with atmospheric air); exhaust ventilation system (removal of the above mentioned harmful substances contained in the air). Application of numerical modelling ANSYS CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic

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Laruelle, G. G., R. Lauerwald, J. Rotschi, P. A. Raymond, J. Hartmann, and P. Regnier. "Seasonal response of air–water CO<sub>2</sub> exchange along the land–ocean aquatic continuum of the northeast North American coast." Biogeosciences 12, no. 5 (2015): 1447–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1447-2015.

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Abstract. This regional study quantifies the CO2 exchange at the air–water interface along the land–ocean aquatic continuum (LOAC) of the northeast North American coast, from streams to the shelf break. Our analysis explicitly accounts for spatial and seasonal variability in the CO2 fluxes. The yearly integrated budget reveals the gradual change in the intensity of the CO2 exchange at the air–water interface, from a strong source towards the atmosphere in streams and rivers (3.0 ± 0.5 TgC yr−1) and estuaries (0.8 ± 0.5 TgC yr−1) to a net sink in continental shelf waters (−1.7 ± 0.3 TgC yr−1).

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Laruelle, G. G., R. Lauerwald, J. Rotschi, P. A. Raymond, J. Hartmann, and P. Regnier. "Seasonal response of air-water CO<sub>2</sub> exchange along the land-ocean aquatic continuum of the North East American coast." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 8 (2014): 11985–2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-11985-2014.

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Abstract. This regional study quantifies the CO2 exchange at the air–water interface along the land-ocean aquatic continuum (LOAC) of the North East American coast, from streams to the shelf break. Our analysis explicitly accounts for spatial and seasonal variability in the CO2 fluxes. The yearly integrated budget reveals the gradual change in the intensity of the CO2 exchange at the air–water interface, from a strong source towards the atmosphere in streams and rivers (3.0 ± 0.5 Tg C yr−1) and estuaries (0.8 ± 0.5 Tg C yr−1) to a net sink in continental shelf waters (−1.7 ± 0.3 Tg C yr−1). Si

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Li, Danyang, Canfeng Li, Chao Huang, et al. "Diurnal Variations and Driving Factors of CO2 Flux at Water–Air Interfaces in the Open-Flow Sections of Karst Underground Rivers." Applied Sciences 14, no. 4 (2024): 1395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14041395.

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The high-intensity partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in karst underground rivers rapidly releases in open-flow sections. This is an important process affecting the global karst carbon cycle. This study focuses on the diurnal variation patterns and driving factors of CO2 exchange flux at the water–air interface in the open-flow sections of typical karst underground rivers in southwestern China. The inorganic carbon in water and water–air interface exchange fluxes are observed. Three representative survey stations, i.e., the outlet of the underground river (Q1), the river sections without submerged

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McMAHON, BRIAN R., and WARREN W. BURGGREN. "Respiratory Physiology of Intestinal Air Breathing in the Teleost Fish Misgurnus Anguillicaudatus." Journal of Experimental Biology 133, no. 1 (1987): 371–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.133.1.371.

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The Japanese weatherloaeh (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Cantor) can exchange gases both with water, via gills and skin, and with air, via the posterior region of the alimentary canal (intestine). Air breathing occurs by unidirectional ventilation of the alimentary canal with air taken in at the mouth and simultaneous expulsion of intestinal gas from the vent. Although the weatherloaeh is not an obligate air-breather, aerial gas exchange normally occurs even at 10°C in air-saturated water. The alimentary canal was examined histologically to assess differences in capillary density and distribution

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SHARMA, VIKAS SINGH MISHRWAN AND RITIK. "Development of Zeolite-Based Nanomaterials for Carbon Adsorption." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES 39, no. 01-02 (2024): 9. https://doi.org/10.59467/ijbs.2024.39.9.

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Zeolite-based nanomaterials have received a lot of attention in recent years, due to their potential uses in carbon adsorption, water filtration, and ion exchange. Zeolites, also known as crystalline aluminosilicates, are very porous materials having a distinct structure that allows them to effectively absorb gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2). Zeolites provide a sustainable and economical alternative for CO2 adsorption, since their high surface area, variable pore diameters, and specific affinity for CO2 molecules make them an ideal choice for reducing the environmental impact of greenh

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15

Boutilier, Robert G. "Control of arrhythmic breathing in bimodal breathers: Amphibia." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 1 (1988): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-002.

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Amphibians employ a system of gas exchange whereby various combinations of the lungs, gills, and skin are used to exploit gas exchanges in both air and water (bimodal breathing). Continuous lung ventilation is rarely observed in these animals. Instead, the dominant breath pattern is arrhythmic in nature and is believed to have evolved in response to a periodic need to supplement aquatic gas exchange. Such a need is largely dependent on the activity state of the animal concerned and its capacity for aquatic gas exchange. The overall control system appears to be one that turns lung ventilation o

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Xue, Li Xin, Bing Xin Liu, Jing Chen, and An Chun Shao. "Structure and Properties of Total-Heat Exchange Membranes for Energy Saving Heat Exchange Ventilation Processes." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 568–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.568.

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As complement to air conditioners, ventilation systems are playing important roles in keeping human health as well as saving energy. They improved indoor air quality by replacing inside polluted air with outside fresh air. To reduce the energy needed to condition the induced fresh air, heat exchanging processes are designed to reduce the temperature differences between this fresh air and the indoor air. Heat exchanging processes using total heat exchange membranes (THEM) allowed not only the exchange of heat but also humidity, generally providing better energy saving and air quality improvemen

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17

HE, Fuquan. "A dataset of carbon, water and heat fluxes over an Elymus nutans artificial grassland in the Sanjiangyuan Area (2012–2016)." China Scientific Data 8, no. 4 (2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.11922/11-6035.csd.2023.0056.zh.

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In the Sanjiangyuan Area known as the “Chinese Water Tower”, planting perennial artificial grassland has become an important measure for the restoration of degraded grassland in this area. The spatial-temporal pattern of the carbon, water, and heat fluxes of Elymus nutans artificial grasslands are crucial for comprehending the ecological service functions of the Elymus nutans artificial grasslands in the Sanjiangyuan Area. Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station (referred to as Sanjiangyuan Sation) has used the eddy covariance technique to monitor the carbon,

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Tattersall, Glenn J., Suzanne Currie, and Danielle M. LeBlanc. "Pulmonary and cutaneous O2 gas exchange: a student laboratory exercise in the frog." Advances in Physiology Education 37, no. 1 (2013): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00087.2012.

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Gas exchange in animals is ultimately diffusion based, generally occurring across dedicated respiratory organs. In many aquatic amphibians, however, multiple modes of gas exchange exist, allowing for the partitioning of O2 uptake and CO2 excretion between respiratory organs with different efficiencies. For example, due to the physical properties of O2 being vastly different between air and water phases, the lung and skin play disproportionately important roles in O2 uptake. Many aquatic frogs are renowned for their cutaneous gas exchange capacity, where often the majority of CO2 is excreted ac

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Berg, Peter, and Michael L. Pace. "Continuous measurement of air–water gas exchange by underwater eddy covariance." Biogeosciences 14, no. 23 (2017): 5595–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5595-2017.

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Abstract. Exchange of gases, such as O2, CO2, and CH4, over the air–water interface is an important component in aquatic ecosystem studies, but exchange rates are typically measured or estimated with substantial uncertainties. This diminishes the precision of common ecosystem assessments associated with gas exchanges such as primary production, respiration, and greenhouse gas emission. Here, we used the aquatic eddy covariance technique – originally developed for benthic O2 flux measurements – right below the air–water interface (∼ 4 cm) to determine gas exchange rates and coefficients. Using

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Volta, Chiara, Goulven Gildas Laruelle, Sandra Arndt, and Pierre Regnier. "Linking biogeochemistry to hydro-geometrical variability in tidal estuaries: a generic modeling approach." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, no. 20 (March 7, 2016): 991–1030. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-991-2016.

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This study applies the Carbon-Generic Estuary Model (C-GEM) modeling platform to simulate the estuarine biogeochemical dynamics - in particular the air-water CO<sub>2</sub> exchange - in three idealized tidal estuaries characterized by increasing riverine influence, from a so-called "marine estuary" to a "riverine estuary".

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Aurich, Patrick, Uwe Spank, and Matthias Koschorreck. "Surface CO₂ gradients challenge conventional CO₂ emission quantification in lentic water bodies under calm conditions." Biogeosciences 22, no. 6 (2025): 1697–709. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1697-2025.

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Abstract. Lakes are hotspots of inland carbon cycling and are important sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO2). The significant role of CO2 in the global carbon cycle makes quantifying its emission from various ecosystems, including lakes and reservoirs, important for developing strategies to mitigate climate change. The thin boundary layer (TBL) method is a common approach to calculating CO2 fluxes from CO2 measurements in both water and air, as well as wind speed. However, one assumption for the TBL method is a homogeneous CO2 concentration between the measurement de

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Lorenzo-Minguez, P., R. Ceulemans, R. Gabriels, I. Impens, and O. Verdonck. "Response of Gas Exchange Behavior of Schefflera arboricola to Air Humidity and Temperature." HortScience 20, no. 6 (1985): 1060–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.20.6.1060.

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Abstract The effects of air temperature and leaf-to-air vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on the gas exchange behavior, i.e., net CO2 exchange rate (NCER) and dark respiration rate, transpiration, leaf diffusive conductance to water vapor, water use efficiency (WUE), and xylem pressure potential of Schefflera arboricola Hayata ‘Compacta’ were examined under conditions of adequate substrate moisture in a controlled environment growth chamber. The optimum temperature for NCER was around 25°C at a photo-synthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 450 μmol s-1m-2 and an ambient CO2-concentration of about 3

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Yang, Mingxi, Thomas G. Bell, Ian J. Brown, et al. "Insights from year-long measurements of air–water CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> exchange in a coastal environment." Biogeosciences 16, no. 5 (2019): 961–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-961-2019.

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Abstract. Air–water CH4 and CO2 fluxes were directly measured using the eddy covariance technique at the Penlee Point Atmospheric Observatory on the southwest coast of the United Kingdom from September 2015 to August 2016. The high-frequency, year-long measurements provide unprecedented detail on the variability of these greenhouse gas fluxes from seasonal to diurnal and to semi-diurnal (tidal) timescales. Depending on the wind sector, fluxes measured at this site are indicative of air–water exchange in coastal seas as well as in an outer estuary. For the open-water sector when winds were off

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Piiper, J., and P. Scheid. "Gas Exchange in Vertebrates Through Lungs, Gills, and Skin." Physiology 7, no. 5 (1992): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.1992.7.5.199.

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All vertebrates need oxygen for aerobic energy supply. Lungs and gills are the organs specialized for O2 and CO2 exchange between air or water and blood;in some animals, the skin serves this task, partly or exclusively. Functional characteristics of gas-exchange systems in different vertebrate groups are discussed.

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Murata, A., K. Shimada, S. Nishino, and M. Itoh. "Distributions of surface water CO<sub>2</sub> and air-sea flux of CO<sub>2</sub> in coastal regions of the Canadian Beaufort Sea in late summer." Biogeosciences Discussions 5, no. 6 (2008): 5093–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-5-5093-2008.

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Abstract. To quantify the air-sea flux of CO2 in a high-latitude coastal region, we conducted shipboard observations of atmospheric and surface water partial pressures of CO2 (pCO2) and total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2) in the Canadian Beaufort Sea (150° W–127° W; 69° N–73° N) in late summer 2000 and 2002. Surface water pCO2 was lower than atmospheric pCO2 (2000, 361.0 μatm; 2002, 364.7 μatm), and ranged from 250 to 344 μatm. Accordingly, ΔpCO2, which is the driving force of the air-sea exchange of CO2 and is calculated from differences in pCO2 between the sea surface and the overlying a

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Pipko, I. I., I. P. Semiletov, S. P. Pugach, I. Wåhlström, and L. G. Anderson. "Interannual variability of air-sea CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes and carbonate system parameters in the East Siberian Sea." Biogeosciences Discussions 8, no. 1 (2011): 1227–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-1227-2011.

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Abstract. Over the past couple of decades it has become apparent that air-land-sea interactions in the Arctic have a substantial impact on the composition of the overlying atmosphere (ACIA, 2004). The Arctic Ocean is small (only ~4% of the total World Ocean), but it is surrounded by offshore and onshore permafrost which thaws at increasing rates under warming conditions releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) into the water and atmosphere. This work summarizes data collected from three expeditions in the coastal-shelf zone of the East Siberian Sea (ESS) in September 2003, 2004 and late August–September

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Lansø, A. S., J. Bendtsen, J. H. Christensen, et al. "Sensitivity of the air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> exchange in the Baltic Sea and Danish inner waters to atmospheric short-term variability." Biogeosciences 12, no. 9 (2015): 2753–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2753-2015.

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Abstract. Minimising the uncertainties in estimates of air–sea CO2 exchange is an important step toward increasing the confidence in assessments of the CO2 cycle. Using an atmospheric transport model makes it possible to investigate the direct impact of atmospheric parameters on the air–sea CO2 flux along with its sensitivity to, for example, short-term temporal variability in wind speed, atmospheric mixing height and atmospheric CO2 concentration. With this study, the importance of high spatiotemporal resolution of atmospheric parameters for the air–sea CO2 flux is assessed for six sub-basins

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Lansø, A. S., J. Bendtsen, J. H. Christensen, et al. "Sensitivity of the air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> exchange in the Baltic Sea and Danish inner waters to atmospheric short term variability." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 12 (2014): 16993–7042. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-16993-2014.

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Abstract. Minimising the uncertainties in estimates of air–sea CO2 exchange is an important step toward increasing the confidence in assessments of the CO2 cycle. Using an atmospheric transport model makes it possible to investigate the direct impact of atmospheric parameters on the air–sea CO2 flux along with its sensitivity to e.g. short-term temporal variability in wind speed, atmospheric mixing height and the atmospheric CO2 concentration. With this study the importance of high spatiotemporal resolution of atmospheric parameters for the air–sea CO2 flux is assessed for six sub-basins withi

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Brakke, M., and L. H. Allen. "Gas Exchange of Citrus Seedlings at Different Temperatures, Vapor-pressure Deficits, and Soil Water Contents." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 120, no. 3 (1995): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.120.3.497.

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Midday reductions of stomatal conductance and carbon dioxide assimilation rates (Aco2) in Citrus are typically attributed to large leaf-to-air vapor-pressure differences or high atmospheric vapor-pressure deficits (VPD). This study investigated air temperature (Ta) and available soil water (ASW) level as corollary factors of atmospheric VPD that influence midday reduction of net gas exchange in citrus leaves. The influence of elevated atmospheric CO2 under conditions that inhibit net canopy Aco2 was also investigated. Net canopy Aco2 and evapotranspiration rates of Carrizo citrange [Poncirus t

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Watanabe, K., and T. Kuwae. "Radiocarbon isotopic evidence for assimilation of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> by the seagrass <i>Zostera marina</i>." Biogeosciences 12, no. 20 (2015): 6251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6251-2015.

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Abstract. Submerged aquatic vegetation takes up water-column dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as a carbon source across its thin cuticle layer. It is expected that marine macrophytes also use atmospheric CO2 when exposed to air during low tide, although assimilation of atmospheric CO2 has never been quantitatively evaluated. Using the radiocarbon isotopic signatures (Δ14C) of the seagrass Zostera marina, DIC and particulate organic carbon (POC), we show quantitatively that Z. marina takes up and assimilates atmospheric modern CO2 in a shallow coastal ecosystem. The Δ14C values of the seagrass

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Watanabe, K., and T. Kuwae. "Radiocarbon isotopic evidence for assimilation of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> by the seagrass </i>Zostera marina</i>." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 10 (2015): 7599–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-7599-2015.

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Abstract. Submerged aquatic vegetation assimilates dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the water column as a carbon source across its thin cuticle layer. However, it is expected that marine macrophytes also use atmospheric CO2 when exposed to the air during low tide, although assimilation of atmospheric CO2 has never been quantitatively evaluated. Using the radiocarbon isotopic signatures (Δ14C) of the seagrass Zostera marina and DIC, we show quantitatively that Z. marina takes up and assimilates atmospheric modern CO2 in a shallow coastal ecosystem. The Δ14C values of the seagrass (−36 to −8‰

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Nomura, D., H. Yoshikawa-Inoue, S. Kobayashi, S. Nakaoka, K. Nakata, and G. Hashida. "Winter to summer evolution of <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> in surface water and air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> flux in the seasonal ice zone of the Southern Ocean." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 1 (2014): 657–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-657-2014.

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Abstract. Partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in surface water and vertical profiles of the aqueous carbonate system were measured during austral summer in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean (64–67° S, 32–58° E) in January~2006 to understand the CO2 dynamics of seawater in the seasonal ice zone. Surface-water pCO2 ranged from 275 to 400 μatm, and longitudinal variations reflected the dominant influence of water temperature and dilution by sea-ice meltwater between 32° and 40° E and biological productivity between 40° and 58° E. Using carbonate system data from the temperature minimum layer, we

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Mrozek, D. J., C. van der Veen, M. Kliphuis, J. Kaiser, A. A. Wiegel, and T. Röckmann. "Continuous-flow IRMS technique for determining the <sup>17</sup>O excess of CO<sub>2</sub> using complete oxygen isotope exchange with cerium oxide." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, no. 2 (2015): 811–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-811-2015.

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Abstract. This paper presents an analytical system for analysis of all single substituted isotopologues (12C16O17O, 12C16O18O, 13C16O16O) in nanomolar quantities of CO2 extracted from stratospheric air samples. CO2 is separated from bulk air by gas chromatography and CO2 isotope ratio measurements (ion masses 45 / 44 and 46 / 44) are performed using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). The 17O excess (Δ17O) is derived from isotope measurements on two different CO2 aliquots: unmodified CO2 and CO2 after complete oxygen isotope exchange with cerium oxide (CeO2) at 700 °C. Thus, a single measu

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Vu, J. C. V., G. Yelenosky, and M. G. Bausher. "CO2 Exchange Rate, Stomatal Conductance, and Transpiration in Attached Leaves of ‘Valencia’ Orange." HortScience 21, no. 1 (1986): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.21.1.143.

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Abstract CO2 exchange rate (CER), stomatal conductance (Cs), and transpiration in mature attached leaves of ‘Valencia’ orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] were determined outdoors from predawn to 1100 EDT. The maximum values of CER and Cs, which were about 7 μmol CO2·s−1m−2 and 0.27 cm·s−1, respectively, at solar photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 500-700 μmol·s−1m−2, remained at these levels as PPFD, temperature, and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) between leaf and air continued to increase. Transpiration rates, with maximum values ranging from 1 to 4 mmol H2O·s−1m−2, increased throug

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de Fátima F. L. Rasera, Maria, Maria Victoria R. Ballester, Alex V. Krusche, et al. "Estimating the Surface Area of Small Rivers in the Southwestern Amazon and Their Role in CO2 Outgassing." Earth Interactions 12, no. 6 (2008): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008ei257.1.

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Abstract A recent estimate of CO2 outgassing from Amazonian wetlands suggests that an order of magnitude more CO2 leaves rivers through gas exchange with the atmosphere than is exported to the ocean as organic plus inorganic carbon. However, the contribution of smaller rivers is still poorly understood, mainly because of limitations in mapping their spatial extent. Considering that the largest extension of the Amazon River network is composed of small rivers, the authors’ objective was to elucidate their role in air–water CO2 exchange by developing a geographic information system (GIS)-based m

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Groß, Martin Florian, Niklas Röttgen, Sabrina Volz, and Carsten Cremers. "Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Separation at Cathodes of Anion Exchange Membrane Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 43 (2022): 1627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02431627mtgabs.

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From the development of anion exchange membrane fuel cells it is known that airborne CO2 is easily absorbed in this type of membranes and has a detrimental effect on the conductivity of the membrane1. It was also found, however, that at sufficiently high current densities carbonate and hydrogen carbonate ions are flushed out of the membrane and ion conduction occurs predominantly via hydroxyl ions1. This behavior led to the idea of using AEM based cells for gas separation for two different type of applications. So, during the first waves of COVID-19 medical oxygen became a scarce resource. Loc

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Nomura, D., H. Yoshikawa-Inoue, S. Kobayashi, S. Nakaoka, K. Nakata, and G. Hashida. "Winter-to-summer evolution of <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> in surface water and air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> flux in the seasonal ice zone of the Southern Ocean." Biogeosciences 11, no. 20 (2014): 5749–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5749-2014.

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Abstract. Partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in surface water and vertical profiles of the carbonate system parameters were measured during austral summer in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean (64–67° S, 32–58° E) in January 2006 to understand the CO2 dynamics of seawater in the seasonal ice zone. Surface-water pCO2 ranged from 275 to 400 μatm, and longitudinal variations reflected the dominant influence of water temperature and dilution by sea ice meltwater between 32 and 40° E and biological productivity between 40 and 58° E. Using carbonate system data from the temperature minimum layer (−

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Stolle, Christian, Mariana Ribas-Ribas, Thomas H. Badewien, et al. "The MILAN Campaign: Studying Diel Light Effects on the Air–Sea Interface." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 101, no. 2 (2020): E146—E166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-17-0329.1.

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Abstract The sea surface microlayer (SML) at the air–sea interface is &lt;1 mm thick, but it is physically, chemically, and biologically distinct from the underlying water and the atmosphere above. Wind-driven turbulence and solar radiation are important drivers of SML physical and biogeochemical properties. Given that the SML is involved in all air–sea exchanges of mass and energy, its response to solar radiation, especially in relation to how it regulates the air–sea exchange of climate-relevant gases and aerosols, is surprisingly poorly characterized. MILAN (Sea Surface Microlayer at Ni

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Prytherch, John, Sonja Murto, Ian Brown, et al. "Central Arctic Ocean surface–atmosphere exchange of CO₂ and CH₄ constrained by direct measurements." Biogeosciences 21, no. 2 (2024): 671–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-671-2024.

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Abstract. The central Arctic Ocean (CAO) plays an important role in the global carbon cycle, but the current and future exchange of the climate-forcing trace gases methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the CAO and the atmosphere is highly uncertain. In particular, there are very few observations of near-surface gas concentrations or direct air–sea CO2 flux estimates and no previously reported direct air–sea CH4 flux estimates from the CAO. Furthermore, the effect of sea ice on the exchange is not well understood. We present direct measurements of the air–sea flux of CH4 and CO2, as we

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Sirvydas, Algimantas, Tomas Ūksas, Paulius Kerpauskas, and Rasa Čingienė. "ROLE OF THERMODYNAMIC PROCESSES IN PLANT LEAF GAS EXCHANGE SYSTEM FOR ASSIMILATION OF CO2 EMISSIONS FROM THE AMBIENT AIR." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 30, no. 3 (2022): 363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2022.17409.

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When temperature in the leaf gas exchange system changes, the thermodynamic parameters describing the condition of moist air also change. A temperature change of 1 oC in plant leaf tissues leads to a change in partial water vapour pressure of 144 Pa in the gas exchange cavities. Then a temperature decrease of 1 oC in a plant leaf produces 0.897 g of condensate, from 1 m3 of air in leaf ventilation cavities on the surface. When the temperature of plant leaves in the leaf ventilation system changes, the total water vapor state on the inner surface of the leaves changes, and the water vapor state

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Adnew, Getachew Agmuas, Thijs L. Pons, Gerbrand Koren, Wouter Peters та Thomas Röckmann. "Leaf-scale quantification of the effect of photosynthetic gas exchange on Δ<sup>17</sup>O of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>". Biogeosciences 17, № 14 (2020): 3903–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3903-2020.

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Abstract. Understanding the processes that affect the triple oxygen isotope composition of atmospheric CO2 during gas exchange can help constrain the interaction and fluxes between the atmosphere and the biosphere. We conducted leaf cuvette experiments under controlled conditions using three plant species. The experiments were conducted at two different light intensities and using CO2 with different Δ17O. We directly quantify the effect of photosynthesis on Δ17O of atmospheric CO2 for the first time. Our results demonstrate the established theory for δ18O is applicable to Δ17O(CO2) at leaf lev

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Higgins, Stewart S., R. Alan Black, Gary K. Radamaker, and William R. Bidlake. "Gas exchange characteristics and water relations of Larixoccidentalis." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, no. 11 (1987): 1364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x87-211.

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Photosynthetic, transpirational, and stomatal responses to light, temperature, humidity, and plant moisture stress were measured for greenhouse-grown seedlings of Larixoccidentalis Nutt. Light saturation was 550 μmol photons•m−2•s−1; light and CO2 compensation points were 26 μmol photons•m−2•s−1 and 59 μL CO2•L−1, respectively. Light-saturated photosynthetic rate was over 7 μmol CO2•m−2•s−1 with a temperature optimum between 18 and 23 °C. Photosynthesis, transpiration, and stomatal conductance to water vapor declined as xylem pressure potential decreased from −1.5 to less than −2.5 MPa; above

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Dristi, Anamika, and Y. Jun Xu. "Large Uncertainties in CO2 Water–Air Outgassing Estimation with Gas Exchange Coefficient KT for a Large Lowland River." Water 15, no. 14 (2023): 2621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15142621.

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Aquatic CO2 emission is typically estimated (i.e., not measured) through a gas exchange balance. Several factors can affect the estimation, primarily flow velocity and wind speed, which can influence a key parameter, the gas exchange coefficient KT in the balancing approach. However, our knowledge of the uncertainty of predictions using these factors is rather limited. In this study, we conducted a numeric assessment on the impact of river flow velocity and wind speed on KT and the consequent CO2 emission rate. As a case study, we utilized 3-year (2019–2021) measurements on the partial pressur

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Kuppers, M., and ED Schulze. "An Empirical Model of Net Photosynthesis and Leaf Conductance for the Simulation of Diurnal Courses of CO2 and H2O Exchange." Functional Plant Biology 12, no. 5 (1985): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9850513.

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An empirical model of CO2 uptake and water loss of leaves is established using steady-state responses of gas exchange to climatic factors as input. From the model the response surface of net CO2 assimilation and leaf conductance to climate can be derived. The model consists of two submodels, one describing the response of CO2 uptake to light and temperature, the other describing the response of leaf conductance to temperature and humidity. Both submodels are joined via the linear relationship between CO2 uptake and leaf conductance at short-term (minutes) variation of irradiance. From the humi

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Benetazzo, Alvise, Trygve Halsne, Øyvind Breivik, et al. "On the short-term response of entrained air bubbles in the upper ocean: a case study in the north Adriatic Sea." Ocean Science 20, no. 3 (2024): 639–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-20-639-2024.

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Abstract. Air bubbles in the upper ocean are generated mainly by waves breaking at the air–sea interface. As such, after the waves break, entrained air bubbles evolve in the form of plumes in the turbulent flow, exchange gas with the surrounding water, and may eventually rise to the surface. To shed light on the short-term response of entrained bubbles in different stormy conditions and to assess the link between bubble plume penetration depth, mechanical and thermal forcings, and the air–sea transfer velocity of CO2, a field experiment was conducted from an oceanographic research tower in the

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Piiper, Johannes. "Factors affecting gas transfer in respiratory organs of vertebrates." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 12 (1989): 2956–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-418.

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The ability of a gas-exchange organ to transfer respiratory gases (O2 and CO2) between the respiratory medium (air or water) and blood is quantitatively characterized by its transfer conductance, usually termed diffusing capacity, D. The problems in defining and determining D are reviewed. In a blood-perfused gas-exchange organ it is useful to consider the ratio [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text], blood flow; β, effective solubility) which determines the relative role of diffusion limitation. Poor gas transfer may be due to functional inhomogeneities, and not to low D values. Besides the

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Nur, Muhammad, Edi Munawar, and Mariana Mariana. "Recovery Process of Condensate the Ammonia Wastewater Plant of PT.PIM with A Combination of Technology Air Stripping Jet Bubble Colum, Advance Oxidation process and Ion Exchange Resin." Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan 12, no. 1 (2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23955/rkl.v12i1.5503.

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Abstract Study of reducing the content of ammonia, carbon dioxide and organic contaminants in wastewater process condensate using a combination of technologies of water Jet Stripping Bubble Colum, Advance Oxidation Process and Ion Exchange Resin have been done. The aims of this research is to look the effect of hydraulic resident time in Jet Stripping Bubble Colum and the amount of the addition of Ozon/H2O2 to reduction the content of carbon dioxide and organic contaminants as well as ammonia removal with ion exchange resin on the process condensate so that can be reuse as boiler feed water in

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Yang, Bo, Zhuo Zhang, Ziqiang Xie, et al. "Seasonal Controls of Seawater CO2 Systems in Subtropical Coral Reefs: A Case Study from the Eastern Coast of Shenzhen, China." Water 15, no. 23 (2023): 4124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15234124.

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In situ field investigations coupled with coral culture experiments were carried out in the coral reef waters of the eastern coast of Shenzhen, Da’ao Bay (DAB), Dalu Bay (DLB), and Yangmeikeng Sea Area (YMKSA) to study the dynamics of the carbon dioxide (CO2) system in seawater and its controlling factors. The results indicated that the CO2 parameters were highly variable over a range of spatiotemporal scales, forced by various physical and biochemical processes. Comprehensively, DAB acted as a sink for atmospheric CO2 with exchange flux of –1.51 ± 0.31 to 0.27 ± 0.50 mmol C m−2 d−1, while DLB

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Bunce, James. "Using New Gas Exchange Methods to Estimate Mesophyll Conductance and Non-stomatal Inhibition of Photosynthesis Caused by Water Deficits." HortScience 47, no. 6 (2012): 687–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.6.687.

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Soil water deficits remain one of the most important factors reducing the yield of crop plants and may become even more limiting with changes in the global climate and competition for fresh water resources. Soil water deficits reduce plant growth partly by reducing photosynthesis. However, it remains unclear how important non-stomatal factors are in limiting photosynthesis under moderate water stress and whether rising atmospheric carbon dioxide may alter which processes limit photosynthesis under water stress. The conductance to CO2 from the substomatal air space to the site of carboxylation

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Maslukah, Lilik, Didi Adisaputro, and Widodo Setiyo Pranowo. "Quantitative Comparison of Algorithms for Estimating the Air-sea Exchange of Carbon Dioxide in Malacca Straits." ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 23, no. 2 (2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.23.2.81-86.

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A precise quantification of the sea surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2(water)) at the water surface is required in order to define the role of the sea in air-sea exchange of CO2. Even though the pCO2(water) can be measured directly, the semi-empirical model has seen numerous application in determining the pCO2 (water) due to a time-and cost-efficient. This study aims to compare the pCO2 and FCO2 (Flux of CO2) calculated using Zhai and Zhu algorithm with the underway datasets of pCO2 obtained during the scientific cruise of CISKA-SPICE III in April 2013. The partial pressure of CO

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