Relevant bibliographies by topics / Air – water interfaces

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Air – water interfaces'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Air – water interfaces"

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Fendler, Janos H. "Nanoparticles at air/water interfaces." Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 1, no. 2 (April 1996): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-0294(96)80005-7.

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Zhao, Yani, and Marek Cieplak. "Proteins at air–water and oil–water interfaces in an all-atom model." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 36 (2017): 25197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp03829a.

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Proteins with different hydrophobicities are studied at the air–water and oil–water interfaces. The all-atom simulating results are consistent with the coarse-grained interfacial model. Proteins are found to be coupled stronger but diffused slower at the oil–water interface than the air–water one.
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Nikiforidis, Constantinos V., Christos Ampatzidis, Sofia Lalou, Elke Scholten, Thodoris D. Karapantsios, and Vassilios Kiosseoglou. "Purified oleosins at air–water interfaces." Soft Matter 9, no. 4 (2013): 1354–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2sm27118d.

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Johannsen, E. C., J. B. Chung, C. H. Chang, and E. I. Franses. "Lipid transport to air/water interfaces." Colloids and Surfaces 53, no. 1 (January 1991): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-6622(91)80039-q.

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Eastoe, Julian, Adrian Downer, Alison Paul, David C. Steytler, Emily Rumsey, Jeff Penfold, and Richard K. Heenan. "Fluoro-surfactants at air/water and water/CO2 interfaces." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2, no. 22 (2000): 5235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b005858k.

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Poirier, Alexandre, Antonio Stocco, Romain Kapel, Martin In, Laurence Ramos, and Amélie Banc. "Sunflower Proteins at Air–Water and Oil–Water Interfaces." Langmuir 37, no. 8 (February 18, 2021): 2714–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03441.

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Kahlweit, M., G. Busse, and J. Jen. "Adsorption of amphiphiles at water/air interfaces." Journal of Physical Chemistry 95, no. 14 (July 1991): 5580–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100167a040.

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Zhao, Yumeng, Boyoung Jeong, Dong-Hun Kang, and Sheng Dai. "Impacts of motile Escherichia coli on air-water surface tension." E3S Web of Conferences 205 (2020): 08003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020508003.

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Immiscible multiphase flow in porous media is largely affected by interfacial properties, manifested in contact angle and surface tension. The gas-liquid surface tension can be significantly altered by suspended particles at the interface. Particle-laden interfaces have unique properties, for example, a lower surface tension of interfaces laden with surfactants or nanoparticles. This study investigates the impacts of a motile bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli, strain ATCC 9637) on the air-water surface tension. Methods of the maximum bubble pressure, the du Noüy ring, and the pendant droplet are used to measure the surface tension of the motile-bacteria-laden interfaces. Measured surface tension remains independent to the E. coli concentration when using the maximum bubble pressure method, decreases with increased E. coli concentration in the du Noüy ring method, and presents time-dependent changes by the pendant drop method. The analyses show that the discrepancies may come from the different convection-diffusion processes of E. coli in the flow among various testing methods.
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Caminati, G., and G. Gabrielli. "Polystyrene sulfonate adsorption at water—graphon and water—air interfaces." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 70, no. 1 (January 1993): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0927-7757(93)80491-v.

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Nayak, Alpana, and K. A. Suresh. "Discogen−DNA Complex Films at Air−Water and Air−Solid Interfaces." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 112, no. 10 (March 2008): 2930–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp710084q.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Air – water interfaces"

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Roland, Christopher. "Phase transitions of phospholipid monolayers on air-water interfaces." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66032.

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Knock, Mona Marie. "Monolayers of cationic surfactants at the air-water and oil-water interfaces." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c0cdaf66-716a-4b48-b22c-659d1fe2a342.

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Monolayers of the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium halide (CTAX, where X = F¯, Cl¯, Br¯, and I¯) have been studied at the air-water and oilwater interfaces. At the air-water interface, the effects of the halide counterion and the addition of counterion were investigated. Sum-frequency spectroscopy (SFS), ellipsometry, and surface tensiometry indicated that the counterion changed the efficiency and effectiveness of the surfactant, both decreasing in the order of Br¯> Cl¯>F¯. The addition of salt in the form of 0.1 M KX was found to reduce the cmc but had little effect on the limiting area per molecule attained at the cmc, which increased from 44 Å2 for CTAB to 65 Å2 for CTAC and ca. 94 Å2 for CTAF. Neither SFS nor ellipsometry provided any firm evidence for specific effects of the halide ions on the structure of the surfactant monolayers. For CTAB monolayers in the absence of excess electrolyte, the effect of area per molecule on the sum-frequency (SF) spectra was studied. Mixed monolayers of CTAB and tetradecane at the air-water interface exhibit a first-order phase transition from a conformationally disordered to a conformationally ordered state as the temperature is lowered. The phase transition occurs ca. 11 °C above the bulk melting point of tetradecane. A new experimental arrangement is described for acquiring SF spectra from surfactants at the oil-water interface. The key features of this approach are the stabilisation of a thin oil film between a sapphire prism and an aqueous phase, and the use of total internal reflection to enhance the total signal and discriminate against signals from other interfaces in the system. With this new methodology, the first SF vibrational spectra of surfactant monolayers at an alkane-water interface were obtained. Surface tensiometry was used to characterise the monolayers further. The structure of CTAB monolayers at the hexadecane-water interface was determined by SFS and compared with monolayers of CTAB at the air-water interface. At low concentrations, CTAB/hexadecane showed the expected features in the C-H stretching region, characteristic of a conformationally disordered monolayer. As the bulk concentration approached the critical micelle concentration, the spectra changed to one characteristic of a more ordered, upright conformation. Ellipsometric measurements supported this conclusion. This qualitative structural change is not observed in analogous monolayers at the air-water interface or CCl4-water interface, or in surfactant solutions in contact with a hydrophobic solid surface.
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Boudala, Faisal S. "Mercury flux measurements across air/water and air/soil interfaces at Kejimkujik National Park." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0028/MQ36400.pdf.

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Casillas-Ituarte, Nadia Ninel. "Spectroscopic Studies of Atmospheric Relevant Air-Aqueous and Air-Silica Interfaces." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1268155570.

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Bell, Graham Ronald. "Sum-frequency spectroscopy of surfactant monolayers at the air-water and oil-water interfaces." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600035.

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In order to improve understanding of the relationship between molecular structure and interfacial structure, surfactant monolayers at the air-water (A-W) and oil-water (O-W) interfaces, and counterions bound to surfactant monolayers, have been studied using sum-frequency spectroscopy (SFS) and complementary techniques, including neutron reflection (NR) and ellipsometry. The non-linear optical technique of SFS is applied first to the study of surfactants at the A-W interface. Various theoretical models used to explain peak intensities in the resulting vibrational spectra are critically assessed. Values of mean tilt and degree of conformational disorder of adsorbed surfactant molecules are inferred. It is observed that the molecular conformation of monolayers of different surfactants cannot be predicted solely from the area per hydrocarbon chain, depending also on the nature of the head-group. At constant area per molecule, monolayer structure is found to be unaffected by chain length. The behaviour of binary mixtures of a non-ionic and an anionic or zwitterionic surfactant is found to be indicative of ideal mixing thermodynamically in the monolayer, whereas strong synergistic interactions are observed for an anionic-zwitterionic mixture. Two counterions known to induce viscoelasticity in surfactant solutions are then investigated. The orientations of benzoate and p-tosylate ions bound to surfactant monolayers at the A-W interface are quantified. Both are found to be located deep within the hydrophobic region of the monolayer. The presence of p-tosylate causes structural changes in the monolayer, and p-tosylate is found to be acting as both ion and cosurfactant. Specifically, through the joint application of SFS and NR, the structure of a monolayer of hexadecyltrimethylammonium p-tosylate is established, revealing that the hydrocarbon chains of the surfactant rise steeply away from the water before turning over to lie flatter in the region above the p-tosylate ions. These findings are related to micelles in solution to provide an insight into the sphere-to-rod transitions thought to be responsible for dramatic changes in the physical properties of surfactant solutions in the presence of specific counterions. Finally, an entirely new experimental arrangement is developed to address the significant technical problems standing in the way of obtaining SF spectra of surfactants adsorbed at the O-W interface. The same basic design was later used to acquire the first SF spectra of surfactant monolayers at this interface.
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Villa, Stefano. "Behaviour of a Colloid close to an Air-Water Interface : Interactions and Dynamics." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS074/document.

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Malgré un rôle important en physique, biologie et dans les processus industriels tels l’agroalimentaire et la dépollution de l’eau, la dynamique d'une particule colloïdale à proximité d'une interface fluide et ses interactions avec l’interface sont des phénomènes physiques encore débattus.Dans cette thèse, nous explorons la dynamique et l'interaction de particules colloïdales individuelles à proximité d'une interface air-eau à l’équilibre thermique.Afin de mener cette étude sans perturber le système expérimental, nous avons conçu et construit un microscope interférentiel à double onde adapté à l'interface air-eau. Contrairement à d'autres techniques expérimentales, notre configuration permet la mesure précise de la distance absolue entre particule l'interface sans nécessiter d’étalonnage ou d’hypothèse sur l'emplacement de l'interface. Nous avons ainsi pu obtenir des trajectoires hautement résolues de particules en 3D proches de l'interface, permettant la mesure précise des diffusions proche de l’interface et des interactions particules-interface.Le système montre deux profils d’énergie potentielle différents. Deux distances d’équilibre particule-interface sont ainsi observées. La plus grande peut être expliquée par la compétition des interactions de Van der Waals et électrostatiques avec la pesanteur. La distance d’équilibre plus courte ne peut s’expliquer que par la présence d’une interaction attractive supplémentaire. Les origines possibles de cette interaction sont discutées.En utilisant une nouvelle méthode d'analyse des déplacements quadratiques moyens des particules dans un potentiel générique, nous avons pu accéder aux coefficients de friction visqueuse des particules en fonction de la distance à l'interface. De manière singulière, l’interface air-eau se comporte comme une paroi liquide pour le mouvement des particules parallèlement à l’interface et comme une paroi solide pour le mouvement des particules perpendiculaire à l’interface. Ce résultat expérimental peut être partiellement rationalisé en considérant des modèles récents basés sur l’incompressibilité de surface. Cependant, certaines différences entre les expériences et les théories demeurent. Les coefficients de friction visqueuse sont plus importants que les prédictions hydrodynamiques et dépendent de la charge électrique des particules, ce qui suggère un possible rôle des phénomènes électrocinétiques.Enfin, le piégeage des particules à l'interface air-eau et leur angle de contact ont été mesurés tout en modifiant la force ionique de la solution aqueuse et en faisant varier l‘état de surface des colloïdes
Despite the relevance to environmental, biological and industrial processes, the motion of a colloidal particle close to a fluid interface and the way it interacts with the water surface are still largely elusive and intriguing physical phenomena.In this thesis, we explore the motion dynamics and the interaction of individual colloidal particles close to an air-water interface in thermal equilibrium.In order to investigate them without perturbing or altering the experimental system, we designed and built a dual-wave reflection interference microscope working with an air-water interface geometry. Contrary to other established experimental techniques, our set-up allows accurate measurements of the absolute particle-interface distance and thus does not require any calibration or assumption to know the location of the interface. Highly resolved 3D particle trajectories close to the interface were obtained, from which information on particle diffusion close to the interface and particle-interface interactions are obtained.The system shows two different potential energy landscapes resulting in two different equilibrium particle-interface distances. The larger one can be fairly explained by Van der Waals and electrostatic interactions combined with gravity. The shorter one highlights the existence of an unexpected additional attractive interaction. The possible origins of such an interaction are discussed.Using a method of analysis of the particle mean square displacements in a generic potential we developed, we were able to access to particle drag coefficients as a function of the distance from the interface. Peculiarly, the air-water interface acts as a slip boundary for the particle motion parallel to the interface and as a no-slip boundary for the particle motion perpendicular to the interface. This experimental result can be partially rationalized considering recent models based on surface incompressibility. However, some discrepancies between experiments and theories remain. Experimental drag coefficients are larger than the hydrodynamic predictions and depend on the particle electrical charge, pointing therefore to a possible role of electrokinetic phenomena.Finally, the particle trapping at the air-water interface and its contact angle were observed while tuning the ionic strength of the aqueous solution and varying the surface state of the colloids
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Moglianetti, Mauro. "Polymer surfactant mixtures confined at the air/water and solid/waste interfaces." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504920.

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Crichton, Donna. "The interaction of oils with surfactant monolayers at the air-water surface." Thesis, University of Hull, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310247.

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Castada, Hardy Zingalaoa. "Brewster Angle Microscopy Study of Model Lung Surfactant Systems at the Air-Water and Air-Physiological Buffer Interfaces." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1281642097.

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Zang, Duyang. "The dynamics of interfaces : rheology of silica nanoparticle monolayers at the air-water interface and dendritic growth in multicomponent alloys." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112145.

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Cette thèse présente les deux sujets liés à la dynamique d'interfaces: la rhéologie des particules monocouches et de la croissance dendritique des alliages. Dans la première partie, chapitre1-6, les propriétés des monocouches de nanoparticules de silice à l’interface air-eau sont présentées et reliées à la stabilité des mousses faites avec les dispersions aqueuses de ces particules. Les propriétés des couches: évolution de texture, pression de surface, épaisseur, angle de contact des particules et concentration de surface sont caractérisées pour différentes hydrophobicités des particules. La viscoélasticité de compression des couches a été déterminée par trois méthodes basées sur l’utilisation de deux plaques de Wilhelmy dans des cuves Langmuir. Les différences remarquables entre les couches comprimées et les couches déposées ont été trouvés. Les modules présentent un maximum à l'hydrophobicité intermédiaire des particules et dépendent de la vitesse de déformation, de la quantité de particule initiale, de la longueur de la cuve et de l'âge de la couche. La viscoélasticité de cisaillement des couches a été également déterminée. Une analogie fréquence-gradient de vitesse a été trouvée comme chez d’autres solides mous tridimensionnels. La relaxation structurale s’effectue avec un temps de relaxation qui varie comme l’inverse du gradient de vitesse. Un comportement d'auto-guérison des fractures a été observé et lié à la relaxation structurale. Dans la deuxième partie, Chapitre 7, la croissance dendritique rapide d’alliages surfondus ternaires Ni-Co-Cu et quaternaires Ni-Co-Cu-Ge a été étudiée. La surfusion élevée est obtenue par lévitation électromagnétique et des méthodes de flux de verre. Les vitesses de croissance dendritiques ont été mesurées en fonction de la surfusion. Nous proposons une double fonction exponentielle pour décrire la relation entre la vitesse de croissance et la surfusion dans les alliages monophasiques. Un nouveau comportement a été observé : la vitesse de croissance des dendrites est abaissée en cas de séparation de phase et des mécanismes possibles sont proposés
This dissertation presents two topics related to the dynamics of interfaces: rheology of particle monolayers and the dendritic growth of alloys. In the first part, chapter1-6, the properties of silica nanoparticle monolayers at the air-water surface is presented and related to foam stability. The properties of the layers: textural evolution, surface pressure, thickness, particle contact angle with interface and effective surface concentration are characterized with respect to different particle hydrophobicities. The viscoelasticity of the layers are determined by three methods based on two Wilhelmy plates in the Langmuir trough. Remarkable differences between compressed layers and deposited layers have been found. The moduli present the maximum at intermediate particle hydrophobicity and depend on strain rate, initial particle quantity, trough length and age of the layer. The same universal linear and nonlinear behaviour as three-dimensional soft materials is found by a shear rheological study. The structural relaxation has been observed and the corresponding relaxation time has been characterized by SRFS method. A self-healing behavior is observed and a microscopic mechanism is proposed to account for the slow self-healing. The results suggests that the same physical process may involved in self heal as in structural relaxation. In the second part, chapter7, rapid dendritic growth in undercooled liquid ternary Ni-Co-Cu and quarternary Ni-Co-Cu-Ge alloys has been investigated. The high undercooling is obtained by electromagnetic levitation and glass flux methods. The dendritic growth velocities are measured as a function of undercooling. We propose a double exponential function to describe the relationship between growth velocity and undercooling in single phase alloys. A novel behavior that the dendritic growth velocity is reduced by liquid phase separation is found and the possible mechanism is proposed
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Books on the topic "Air – water interfaces"

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Linke, Felix. Development of ellipsometric microscopy as a quantitative high-resolution technique for the investigation of thin films at glass-water and silicon-air interfaces. Jülich: Forschungszentrum Jülich, 2004.

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H, Chanson, and Cummings P. D, eds. Air-water interface area in supercritical flows down small-slope chutes. St. Lucia: University of Queensland, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1996.

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Biewener, Andrew A., and Shelia N. Patek, eds. Movement in Water. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198743156.003.0005.

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This chapter examines how the physical properties of water influence and explain the great diversity of swimming performance and mechanisms - from the scale of spermatozoa on up to whales. The key parameters of inertia, viscosity and their manifestation in the critically important Reynolds number are explained and placed in the context of a range of swimming mechanisms, including undulatory movement and fin-based, jet-based, flagellar and ciliary propulsion. The air-water interface also presents an intriguing mechanical challenge for the many organisms that move on top of the water’s surface. The chapter concludes with a brief overview of the burgeoning field of biorobotic swimmers.
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Wang, Jun. Surface tension kinetics of the wild type and four synthetic, structural stability mutants of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme at the air-water interface. 1995.

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Brownsword, Roger, Eloise Scotford, and Karen Yeung, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Law, Regulation and Technology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199680832.001.0001.

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This book brings together leading scholars from law and other disciplines to explore the relationship between law, technological innovation, and regulatory governance. It is organized into five parts. Part I provides an overview of the volume, identifies its aims, explains its organization, locates it within existing scholarship, and identifies major themes that emerge from the individual chapter contributions. Part II examines core normative values that are implicated or affected by technological developments and which recur in attempts to ground the legitimacy of emerging technologies within liberal democratic societies. Part III focuses on the challenges that technological development poses for law, legal doctrine, and legal institutions, and the constraints that these legal frameworks pose for the development of technologies. Part IV provides a critical exploration of the implications for regulatory governance of technological development, and considers both attempts to regulate new technologies (typically with the aim of managing risks associated with their emergence while seeking to promote their potential benefits) and the way in which new technologies may be utilized as instruments of regulatory governance with the aim of restraining and managing social risks. Part V explores the interface between law, regulatory governance, and emerging technologies in specific policy sectors, namely: medicine and health; population, reproduction, and the family; trade and commerce; public security; communications, media and culture; and food, water, energy, and the environment.
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McClain, Michael E., Reynaldo Victoria, and Jeffrey E. Richey, eds. The Biogeochemistry of the Amazon Basin. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195114317.001.0001.

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With a complex assemblage of largely intact ecosystems that support the earth's greatest diversity of life, the Amazon basin is a focal point of international scientific interest. And, as development and colonization schemes transform the landscape in increasing measure, scientists from around the world are directing attention to questions of regional and global significance. Some of these qustions are: What are the fluxes of greenhouse gases across the atmospheric interface of ecosystems? How mush carbon is stored in the biomass and soils of the basin? How are elements from the land transferred to the basin's surface waters? What is the sum of elements transferred from land to ocean, and what is its marine "fate"? This book of original chapters by experts in chemical and biological oceanography, tropical agronomy and biology, and the atmospheric sciences will address these and other important questions, with the aim of synthesizing the current knowledge of biochemical processes operating within and between the various ecosystems in the Amazon basin.
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Book chapters on the topic "Air – water interfaces"

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Kaya, Abdulaziz, Daniel A. Drazenovich, Wolfgang G. Glasser, Thomas Heinze, and Alan R. Esker. "Hydroxypropyl Xylan Self-Assembly at Air/Water and Water/Cellulose Interfaces." In ACS Symposium Series, 173–91. Washington DC: American Chemical Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1019.ch008.

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Wiman, Bo L. B. "Aerosols at Air/Water/Land Interfaces: Modelling and Measurements." In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XIII, 687–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4153-0_71.

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Bauer, J. M., and D. J. Beebe. "Microscale Measurements of Flow Bounded by Air-Water Interfaces." In Micro Total Analysis Systems 2002, 100–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0295-0_33.

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Woodrow, Philip T., and Steve R. Duke. "LIF Measurements of Oxygen Concentration Gradients Along Flat and Wavy Air-Water Interfaces." In Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces, 83–88. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm127p0083.

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Lecompte, M. F. "Interaction of Prothrombin with Phospholipid Monolayers at Air- and Mercury-Water Interfaces." In ACS Symposium Series, 103–17. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1987-0343.ch007.

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Panda, Amiya Kumar, and Kaushik Nag. "A Cursory Glance at the Phyiscochemical Properties of Oppositely Charged Surfactants in Solution and at the Air-Water Interface." In Structure and Dynamics of Membranous Interfaces, 385–415. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470388495.ch14.

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Bussières, Sylvain, Julie Boucher, Philippe Desmeules, Michel Grandbois, Bernard Desbat, and Christian Salesse. "Monitoring of Membrane-Associated Protein Binding and of Enzyme Activity in Monolayers at the Air-Water Interface by Infrared Spectroscopy." In Structure and Dynamics of Membranous Interfaces, 165–89. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470388495.ch7.

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Dan, A., G. Gochev, Cs Kotsmar, J. K. Ferri, A. Javadi, M. Karbaschi, J. Krägel, R. Wüstneck, and R. Miller. "Simultaneous versus Sequential Adsorption of β-Casein/SDS Mixtures. Comparison of Water/Air and Water/Hexane Interfaces." In ACS Symposium Series, 153–78. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2012-1120.ch007.

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Liss, P. S., T. D. Jickells, and P. Buat-Ménard. "The Water-Air Interface." In Pollution of the North Sea, 110–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73709-1_7.

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Oury, Jacob D., and Frank E. Ritter. "How User-Centered Design Supports Situation Awareness for Complex Interfaces." In Human–Computer Interaction Series, 21–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47775-2_2.

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AbstractThis chapter moves the discussion of how to design an operation center down a level towards implementation. We present user-centered design (UCD) as a distinct design philosophy to replace user experience (UX) when designing systems like the Water Detection System (WDS). Just like any other component (e.g., electrical system, communications networks), the operator has safe operating conditions, expected error rates, and predictable performance, albeit with a more variable range for the associated metrics. However, analyzing the operator’s capabilities, like any other component in a large system, helps developers create reliable, effective systems that mitigate risks of system failure due to human error in integrated human–machine systems (e.g., air traffic control). With UCD as a design philosophy, we argue that situation awareness (SA) is an effective framework for developing successful UCD systems. SA is an established framework that describes operator performance via their ability to create and maintain a mental model of the information necessary to achieve their task. SA describes performance as a function of the operator’s ability to perceive useful information, comprehend its significance, and predict future system states. Alongside detailed explanations of UCD and SA, this chapter presents further guidance and examples demonstrating how to implement these concepts in real systems.
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Conference papers on the topic "Air – water interfaces"

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Goodenough, Adam A., Scott D. Brown, and Aaron Gerace. "Advances in simulating radiance signatures for dynamic air/water interfaces." In SPIE Defense + Security, edited by Miguel Velez-Reyes and Fred A. Kruse. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2177280.

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KIM, T. Y., G. S. LEE, and D. J. AHN. "IN-SITU CHARACTERIZATION OF ION ADSORPTION AT BIOMIMETIC AIR/WATER INTERFACES." In Proceedings of the Third Pacific Basin Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812704320_0043.

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Li, Zhong, Rajeev K. Jaiman, and Boo Cheong Khoo. "Simulations of Air Cavity Dynamics During Water Entry and Slamming." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23635.

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An adaptive mesh refinement based Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) two-phase method has been employed to simulate the water entry and slamming problems of solid bodies with various geometries. The computations have been performed by using the GFS (Gerris Flow Solver) libraries. Solid boundaries or the interfaces between the solid and the fluid are tracked by a piece-wise linear volume-of-fluid method. The key ingredient in this simulation study is the capability of parallel adaptive refinement along the free-surface interface to capture the interface conditions accurately while using the Eulerian grid based VOF approach. The novelty of this work is that it is the first time to apply GFS libraries and adaptive VOF in solving complex water entry problems to the best of our knowledge. Before applying to a particular application, the adaptive VOF solver is validated by simulating the vertical water entry of a circular disk. The simulations of solid bodies with different geometries such as thin plates are then conducted to investigate the physics of air-cushioning effect during slamming.
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TAKEHARA, K., N. OHTSUKA, T. G. ETOH, Y. TAKANO, G. TSUJIMOTO, and N. MIZUTANI. "DEVELOPMENT OF SIMULTANEOUS PLANE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES OF AIR AND WATER FLOWS CLOSE TO WIND WAVE INTERFACES." In Proceedings of the 29th International Conference. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812701916_0084.

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Gonçalves, B. B., and H. E. Schulz. "One-dimensional turbulent mass transfer at air-water interfaces: details of discontinuities of derivatives using the RSW method." In MULTIPHASE FLOW 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/mpf130301.

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Mehdizadeh, A., S. A. Sherif, and W. E. Lear. "Numerical Simulation of Two-Phase Slug Flows in Microchannels." In ASME 2009 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the InterPACK09 and 3rd Energy Sustainability Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2009-88126.

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In this paper the Navier-stokes equations for a single liquid slug have been solved in order to predict the circulation patterns within the slug. Surface tension effects on the air-water interface have been investigated by solving the Young–Laplace equation. The calculated interface shape has been utilized to define the liquid slug geometry at the front and tail interfaces of the slug. Then the effects of the surface tension on the hydrodynamics of the two-phase slug flow have been compared to those where no surface tension forces exist. The importance of the complex flow field features in the vicinity of the two interfaces has been investigated by defining a non-dimensional form of the wall shear stress. The latter quantity has been formulated based on non-dimensional parameters in order to define a general Moody friction factor for typical two-phase slug flows in microchannels. Moreover, the hydrodynamics of slug flow formation has been examined using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The volume-of-fluid (VOF) method has been applied to monitor the growth of the instability at the air-water interface. The lengths of the slugs have been correlated to the pressure fluctuations in the mixing region of the air and water streams at an axisymmetric T-junction. The main frequencies of the pressure fluctuations have been investigated using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method.
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Gvozdkov, Alexander, and Olga Suslova. "Some Aspects of Improving the Efficiency of Air Treatment in the Contact Units of HVAC Systems." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.258.

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One of the main issues of improving the efficiency of air treatment in ventilation and air conditioning systems (HVAC systems) is development of methodology for the realization of energy-efficient air treatment processes in the contacting units. This paper investigates the thermodynamic models of “air-water” system, considering some features of the transition area at the interface, including surface phases and boundary layers of air and water. It has a great impact on the efficiency of processes of heat and moisture exchange in the contact units HVAC systems. The paper presents the results of experimental studies to determine the air-water interfaces temperature when achieving a state of thermodynamic balance condition in contacting media (air and water) in the working space of contact units. It was found that the surface temperature is determined by state of the surface phase and depends on the direction process of heat and moisture exchange (condensation or evaporation). The temperature factor k = Tdry/Ts as a criterion for determining the effect of the state transition area on the processes of heat and moisture exchange, was used. Processing of results from experimental researches in the processes of heat and mass transfer is presented in the form of criterial equations for Nu, Nu. Results of the performed research are the basis for the formulation of theoretical ideas about the energy efficient processes and the development of a new method for calculation of the contact units HVAC systems.
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Wen, Peng, and Wei Qiu. "Numerical Solution of 2-D Water Entry Problems Based on a CIP Method and a Parallel Computing Algorithm." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41309.

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A constrained interpolation profile (CIP) method has been developed to solve 2-D water entry problems. This paper presents the further development of the numerical method using staggered grids and a parallel computing algorithm. In this work, the multi-phase slamming problems, governed by the Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations, are solved by a CIP-based finite difference method. The interfaces between different phases (solid, water and air) are captured using density functions. A parallel computing algorithm based on the Message Passing Interface (MPI) method and the domain decomposition scheme was implemented to speed up the computations. The effect of decomposition scheme on the solution and the speed-up were studied. Validation studies were carried out for the water entry of various 2-D wedges and a ship section. The predicted slamming force, pressure distribution and free surface elevation are compared with experimental results and other numerical results.
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Mundla, V., J. R. Kadambi, S. Sastry, C. Deng, and Y. Zhou. "Measurement of Liquid Layer Thickness Using Ultrasound Technique." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80022.

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The use of ultrasound technique to obtain the liquid film thickness was investigated. Ultrasound imaging is a technique that uses high frequency sound waves to produce precise images of structures. Ultrasound imaging is based on the same principle as SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) during which a transducer capable of generating and receiving high frequency sound waves, sends pulses of sound waves into the interrogation area and the sound reflected back (echo) form any interface (such as water air interface) within the interrogation plane is obtained by the transducer. The time taken for the sound wave to travel from the transducer surface to the water air interface is obtained from the delay of the echo signal with regard to the transmitted signal; this time is used to compute the distance of the interface knowing the velocity of sound in medium. An experiment was set up to measure the depth of water in a container using ultrasound technique. A-mode (amplitude-mode) scanning was used where a pulsed ultrasound wave is directed into the interrogation region and echoes generated at various interfaces are detected. It is observed that levels as low as 0.55 mm were measured.
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Patel, Ravi S., and Suresh V. Garimella. "Diagnostic Technique for Quantitative Resolution of Three-Dimensional Liquid-Gas Phase Boundaries in Microchannel Flows." In ASME 2013 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2013-73057.

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The morphology of liquid-gas interfaces in adiabatic two-phase microchannel flow through a transparent acrylic microchannel of 500 μm × 500 μm square cross section is investigated. Water seeded with 0.5 μm-diameter fluorescent polystyrene particles is pumped through the channel, and the desired adiabatic two-phase flow regime is achieved through controlled air injection. The diagnostic technique relies on obtaining particle position data through epifluorescent imaging of the flow at excitation and emission wavelengths of 532 and 620 nm, respectively. The particle positions are then used to resolve interface locations to within ±2 μm in the viewing plane. This technique was previously demonstrated by the authors for a static meniscus in a capillary tube. The complete interface geometry between liquid and gas phases is obtained for operation in the annular flow regime by mapping the interface within individual focal planes at various depths within the channel. The diagnostic technique is shown to successfully locate and measure interfaces between transparent, immiscible fluids in a dynamic microchannel flow environment.
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Reports on the topic "Air – water interfaces"

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Woods, Jason. Modeling Water Vapor Transport at Liquid/Membrane Interfaces for Applications in Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioners: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-17-679. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1659994.

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Monismith, Stephen G., and Robert L. Street. The Structure of Turbulence and Other Motions Beneath an Air-Water Interface. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada341108.

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Mehrabzadeh, Ahmad. Transport of ozone across an air/water interface coupled with aqueous decomposition. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.3050.

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Fincham, Adam, and Tony Maxworthy. An Experimental Study of Sonic Boom Penetration Under a Wavy Air-Water Interface. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434922.

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Jaffe, Jules S. Simultaneous Measurement of Air-water Interface Slope and the Point Spread Function for the Propagation of Laser Light. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612160.

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Paschke, Timothy M. Study in Calcium Carbonate Crystal Formation at the Air/Water Interface in the Presence of a Magnetic Field. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada388640.

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Jaffe, Jules S. Simultaneous Measurement of Air-water Interface Slope and the Point Spread Function for the Propagation of Laser Light. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada472489.

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Smith, Randall. Investigations of the Air-Water Interface: A Structural Analysis of Metallic Surface Films and Aquatic Surface Films by Comparative Microscopy. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2303.

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Georgiev, Peter, Alexander Chanachev, Silviya Simeonova, Lyuben Mihaylov, Diana Nihtianova, Tzvetanka Ivanova, and Konstantin Balashev. A New Method for Studying the Kinetics of Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles in Hexadecylanilin Monolayer at the Air/Water Interface by Means of Atomic Force Microscopy. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.02.07.

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