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1
Abdallah, Kristian. "Pedestrian Protection System : Hood lift study." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för maskinteknik och naturvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-7655.
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Every year approximately 400 000 pedestrians are killed worldwide in road related injuries where children and elderly are the most exposed age groups. The design of the front-end of a vehicle and the structural stiffness have a significant influence on the kinematics and injury risks of the pedestrian body. To create a clearance between the rigid hood structure and the hood, the hood is lifted. A lifted hood does however not provide protection over the cowl, windscreen and A-pillar areas. This study is performed at Autoliv Sverige AB and the purpose is to examine how fast the hood can be lifted 100 mm using a pedestrian protection airbag. The airbag give an extended protection while covering the cowl, windscreen and A-pillar areas. A concept generation session was performed where modifications of the current pedestrian protection airbag, for a faster hood lift, were proposed. The generated concepts proceeded to a concept screening session where the Autoliv evaluation matrix was used. The selected concepts went further to static testing where the performance of each concept was tested. The performance include the lift time of 100 mm for the most rearward section of the hood, positioning of the cushion and pressure distribution. The tests were carried out in a room temperature environment. To conclude the thesis work, one winning concept could not be obtained. Two concepts excelled themselves from all the concepts and a difference in the performances between these two concepts could not be found. In this thesis no calculations on costs such as material costs and manufacturing costs has been made. This can be the major aspect on choosing one winning concept but due to the fact that there is no time for a cost analysis in this thesis, the PPA development team will take over.
2
Mrázek, Jan. "Vliv prvku pasivní bezpečnosti vozidel při kolizích s chodci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232560.
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This thesis deals with the influence of passive safety features during vehicle collisions with pedestrians. The first part focuses on introducing the basic components of active and passive vehicle safety. The second part deals with construction and usage of modern components of passive safety during vehicle collisions with pedestrians. A comparing situation model of vehicle collisions with pedestrian is introduced in the third part for which a simulation programme has been used. At the close of this part there is a result synthesis of these model situations. The last part deals with the possibility of increasing pedestrian safety.
3
Mian, Tariq M. "Fuzzy Logic based Automotive Airbag Control System." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0011/MQ52612.pdf.
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Hunaiti, Ziad Ali. "A remote vision guidance system for visually impaired pedestrians." Thesis, Brunel University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427665.
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Do, Sydney. "An airbag-based crew impact attenuation system for the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63038.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 265-271).
It is a well known fact that every capsule-shaped reentry vehicle developed by NASA was initially conceived to land on land, but was ultimately designed to land in water. In all cases, the primary factor contributing to this fundamental shift was related to difficulties with keeping the vehicle to within its mass allocation. In recognizing the recurrence of this scenario during the development of the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV), the concept of airbag-based crew impact attenuation was identified as being a potential means for providing a low mass, reconfigurable alternative to the currently baselined pallet-strut design. This thesis presents the development effort undertaken to determine the feasibility of this concept in terms of protecting an astronaut from the impact loads incurred during the nominal 7.62m/s Orion CEV landing on land. Through the complete development and testing of an analog airbag system and an intermediate technology demonstrator, practical means for system implementation have been developed, and insights into the influence of the system configuration on its overall impact attenuation performance obtained. These findings have culminated in the design and implementation of a full-scale multi airbag system, which has been experimentally shown to be capable of maintaining the risk of injury to the occupant during a 7.85m/s, 0' impact angle land-landing to within the NASA specified limit of 0.5%. In accomplishing this, the airbag-based impact attenuation concept has been proven to be feasible. Moreover, the obtained test results suggest that by implementing anti-bottoming airbags to prevent direct contact between the system and the landing surface, the system performance during landings with 0' impact angles can be further improved, by at least a factor of two. Additionally, a series of drop tests from the nominal Orion impact angle of 30' indicated that severe injury risk levels would be sustained beyond impact velocities of 5m/s. This is due to the differential stroking of the airbags within the system causing a shearing effect between the occupant seat structure and the spacecraft floor, removing significant stroke from the airbags. These results combined indicate that with further detailed design in the context of the currently fixed Orion crew cabin design, and the enforcement of a flat impact angle during landing, airbag-based impact attenuation may prove to be the key to finally achieving the elusive goal of capsule-shaped vehicle reentry and land-landing.
by Sydney Do.
S.M.
6
Garaj, Vanja. "Design of the system for remote sighted guidance of visually impaired pedestrians." Thesis, Brunel University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426222.
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Blom, Göransson Oskar. "System optimum during the evacuation of pedestrians from a building: A minor field study." Thesis, KTH, Matematik (Inst.), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103198.
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During an emergency in a building complex, an effective evacuation is essentialto avoid crowd disasters. The evacuation efficiency could be enhanced both bychanging the layout of the building, and by changing the route guiding given tothe evacuating pedestrians. This thesis considers how to guide the evacuatingpedestrians so that the evacuation time is minimised.In this thesis, a dynamic network model, namely the point queue model, isused to form a linear programming problem whose solution is used to create anevacuation plan. By continuously updating the initial data in this model andsolving the problem with this new data, a feedback based control law is derivedbased on Model Predictive Control.The control law is tested on a simulation of the social force model for abuilding with five rooms and one respectively two exits. The result shows thatthe control law manages to efficiently guide the pedestrians out of the building,taking the varying distribution of pedestrians into account. The control lawfurther manages to handle minor errors in the layout information. Keywords. Evacuation modelling, pedestrian dynamics, optimal control
8
Ajmera, Rohit. "Feasibility of using wearable devices for collecting pedestrian travel data." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5434.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 232 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-195).
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Parvin, Afroza. "Multilevel spatial system and pedestrian movement a study of large residential-commerical complexes in Hong Kong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42841525.
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Devshatwar, Ganesh Rangnath. "Modeling and analysis of an inflatable lap belt airbag restraint system for frontal crash protection of mass transit bus operators." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/2506.
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Mass transit bus is one of the key modes of transportation, especially in highly populated areas of the United States (US). Review of literature has shown that there is very little research, which focuses on the safety and comfort of a bus operator. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has a Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS). FARS shows that there were 300 fatal bus accidents during the period from 1995 to 1999. Statistical data also shows that 16 bus operators suffered fatal injuries during the period from 1991 to 2000.
The operators end up driving for long duration of time, which makes the three-point type of belt restraint system uncomfortable. This may also lead to stress and fatigue. The use of a two-point seat belt restraint system may be more comfortable for the operator since his hands and torso will be unrestrained. However, the physical sled testing of this seat belt configuration revealed severe life threatening risk for the operator. It was observed that the Head Injury Criteria (HIC15) value was above the threshold limit of 700 and the femur load value was well over their allowable threshold limit of 10,000 N. The Neck Injury Criteria (Nij) value was very close to the allowable threshold limit of 1. Thus, safety and comfort of the transit bus operator appear to be contradictory to each other.
In this research, an effort had been made to develop a methodology to design an airbag restraint system for a mass transit bus operator, which can satisfy the two contradictory objectives. An Inflatable lap belt type of airbag restraint system has been previously implemented in aircraft safety. This system is comprised of a two-point restraint type seat belt system with an airbag embedded in it. This type of airbag safety system was tested in this study for a mass transit bus operator with an aim to keep the HIC and the Nij values within allowable limits. Additional knee-padding was designed to minimize the femur loads. All of the research was conducted for frontal impact of a bus with the rigid-wall crash condition.
A model development of a two-point restraint type seat belt system was carried out with the occupant simulation code, MADYMO. This model is validated with the help of physical sled test data. The baseline simulation model was used to develop the numerical model of an inflatable lap belt airbag restraint system. With the help of numerical models, the prototypes of airbag and inflators were manufactured. A physical sled test was also carried out for this system under frontal impact condition. This test data was utilized to validate the simulation results obtained from the MADYMO model.
The physical sled testing as well as numerical models were developed for the three-point belt restraint system. Except the femur injury, all of the injuries were within the allowable safe limit. A physical sled test with the airbag and the knee-padding was also conducted to test the performance of an inflatable lap belt airbag restraint system. A knee-padding played a vital role to minimize the femur injury.
The Results from this study can be utilized in the design and development of a safety belt system for optimal protection of mass transit bus operators in the event of a frontal impact crashes. This study can be utilized further for designing the safety restraint system for other crash conditions.Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
11
Anliot, Manne. "Volume Estimation of Airbags: A Visual Hull Approach." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-421.
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This thesis presents a complete and fully automatic method for estimating the volume of an airbag, through all stages of its inflation, with multiple synchronized high-speed cameras.
Using recorded contours of the inflating airbag, its visual hull is reconstructed with a novel method: The intersections of all back-projected contours are first identified with an accelerated epipolar algorithm. These intersections, together with additional points sampled from concave surface regions of the visual hull, are then Delaunay triangulated to a connected set of tetrahedra. Finally, the visual hull is extracted by carving away the tetrahedra that are classified as inconsistent with the contours, according to a voting procedure.
The volume of an airbag's visual hull is always larger than the airbag's real volume. By projecting a known synthetic model of the airbag into the cameras, this volume offset is computed, and an accurate estimate of the real airbag volume is extracted.
Even though volume estimates can be computed for all camera setups, the cameras should be specially posed to achieve optimal results. Such poses are uniquely found for different airbag models with a separate, fully automatic, simulated annealing algorithm.
Satisfying results are presented for both synthetic and real-world data.
12
Chien, Ho-Yang, and 簡禾陽. "Optimization analysis of smart airbag system." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31051266109222938319.
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碩士國立中正大學
機械工程所
95
The purpose of the research is to develop a smart airbag structure. According to the investigation of NHTSA, in the accidents cause of airbag, there is a lot of proportion to happen on the out of position drivers. This is because airbags are designed in accordance with male in general. The airbag model that the research developed is to avoid this problem. Use the experiment of head impact airbag to validate the airbag model. First use ANSYS-APDL create airbag model, use LS-DYNA let head drop model and airbag model put together and do simulation. Then compare the experiment result and simulation result. Put the airbag model that validated before to the sled test model, do simulation in accordance with different dummy model. Use the Genetic Algorithms to change the radius of the airbag model and the tether which inside the airbag length, and the mass flow rate of airbag. To make the result of the sled test simulation be a good number, and get a smart airbag model.
13
Han-Pin, Liu, and 劉漢彬. "Study on Simulation of the Airbag Dispersion system." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07912277865520868145.
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碩士中正理工學院
應用化學研究所
88
The advantages of the airbag dispersion system are small size, low weight, and efficient ejection performance. The airbag dispersion system is the most important component for the design of cluster warhead. The tank test for measuring gas pressure, the airbag inflation model, and the conservation principles of mass, momentum, and energy were combined in this study to develop a theoretical model; and then the relationships among velocity or acceleration of warhead and design parameters were calculated by this model. For the ejection velocity of warhead, the theoretical values and measured value, about 10 m/s, are nearly equal. It is evident that this simulation model is quite precise. In the inflation process of the airbag dispersion system, the effects of parameters, such as loading weight of propellant, gas exit area of inflator, diameter of airbag, banding strength of steel bands and total weight of warhead on system were analyzed by this model. For the confined space of weapon system, the simulated results were applied to the pilot design of airbag dispersion system. These results could be applied to the analysis of different airbags, to the building of the simulation capability for complicated systems, and finally to the pilot design of any types of airbag dispersion system.
14
Ji, Heng Long, and 紀亨龍. "Design and analysis of automotive airbag sensor system." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38957047401399859388.
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"A human airbag system based on MEMS motion sensing technology." Thesis, 2008. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6074546.
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Falls and fall-induced fractures are very common among the elderly. Hip fractures account for most of the deaths and costs of all the fall-induced fractures. This dissertation presents a novel MEMS based human airbag system used as a hip protector. A Micro Inertial Measurement Unit (muIMU) which is based on MEMS accelerometers and gyro sensors is developed as the motion sensing part of the system. The result using this muIMU based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) training to recognize falling-motions are presented, where we showed that selected eigenvector sets generated from 200 experimental data can be separated into falling and other motions completely. For real-time recognition, the SVM filter should be embedded to a high speed DSP system for fast computation and complex filter analyses. After the simulations for SVM filter and FFT were performed on a computer simulator (TI DSP320 C6713), we used DSK6713 (DSP Starter Kit) as our target board and integrated FFT and SVM filter on the chip. The whole algorithm works well with exist sensor data. Demo shows that our DSP system can successfully classify fall and non-fall states. At the same time, the system can trigger our airbag inflation mechanism when a fall occurs. The system was shown to open the airbag in real-time and protected the experimenter's hip area.by Shi, Guangyi.
"March 2008."
Adviser: Wen Jung Li.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-03, Section: B, page: 1855.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-111).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
School code: 1307.
16
Chiang, Chi-Cheng, and 江啟逞. "A Study on Monitoring System for Pedestrians at Crosswalks." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4pq465.
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碩士國立交通大學
電機與控制工程系所
93
Real-time pedestrian detection using video sequences has myriad applications in the intelligent transportation system such as traffic monitoring and traffic signal control. Many methods have been proposed for the detection of pedestrian. However, as the number of pedestrian and the amount of their occlusion increases, the system performance degrades. According to the properties of pedestrians at crosswalks we propose an approach to efficiently detect and track pedestrians in the crowded situation at crosswalks. Generally, the pedestrian will pass through the road from one side to another side of the crosswalk. Therefore we only detect pedestrians on the both sides. Once a pedestrian has been detected, the system will start to track the pedestrian. Then we can know the location of the pedestrian at any time, and the computation complexity can be reduced. In addition, we set up the camera with the direction perpendicular to the road. In this way an advantage is that the pedestrian's image will be about symmetrical. This characteristic will be used for recognizing the pedestrian. For detecting pedestrians the system searches human head shape in the edge image first and then uses the fuzzy inference system which combines several pedestrian’s characteristics to judge whether it is human head. That in some situations edges are not apparent makes the above method inactive but the isolated pedestrian can be detected by human shape contour. For tracking pedestrians the system exploit the color histogram match. The next position of every pedestrian can be predicted by infinite impulse response filter. The experimental results show that if the light is not too dim and the crosswalk is not to long, then the proposed method has good performance on detecting and tracking pedestrians.
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"Airbag system for hip-fracture protection due to falls: mechanical system design and development." 2007. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5893257.
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Chan Cheung Shing.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-90).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.ii
Acknowledgements --- p.iv
Table of Contents --- p.v
List of Figures --- p.viii
List of Tables --- p.xii
Abbreviations and Notations --- p.xiii
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Background and Objective --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Contribution --- p.4
Chapter 1.3 --- Thesis Outline --- p.5
Chapter Chapter 2 --- System Architecture --- p.6
Chapter 2.1 --- Conceptual Design --- p.6
Chapter 2.2 --- Sensing Device and Fall-Detection Algorithm --- p.7
Chapter 2.3 --- Mechanical Part --- p.10
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Mechanical Design --- p.11
Chapter 3.1 --- Similar Products --- p.11
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Airbag Restraining Systems in Automobiles --- p.11
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Airbag Jackets for Motorcycle and House Riders --- p.12
Chapter 3.2 --- Mechanism adopted --- p.12
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Time Requirement of Inflator --- p.12
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Mechanism and Design --- p.13
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Actuator --- p.14
Chapter 3.2.4 --- Punch --- p.15
Chapter 3.2.5 --- Airbags --- p.18
Chapter 3.2.6 --- Other Mechanisms Tried --- p.19
Chapter 3.3 --- Prototype --- p.21
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Implementation --- p.21
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Demonstration --- p.23
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Inflation Estimation --- p.25
Chapter 4.1 --- Theory and Model --- p.25
Chapter 4.2 --- Validation of Model --- p.28
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Testing Equipment --- p.28
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Preprocessing of Pressure Sensor Outputs --- p.28
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Validation for Basic Equations --- p.29
Chapter 4.2.4 --- Adjustment of Discharge Coefficients --- p.36
Chapter 4.2.5 --- Validation for Discharging to a Fixed Volume --- p.40
Chapter 4.2.6 --- Estimation of the Size of Airbag's Leakage Hole --- p.45
Chapter 4.2.7 --- Validation for Discharging to an Airbag --- p.47
Chapter 4.2.8 --- Time Delay due to Addition of a Pipe --- p.52
Chapter 4.3 --- Summary of Experiments --- p.53
Chapter 4.4 --- Limitation of Model --- p.54
Chapter 4.5 --- Prediction of Inflation Time and Airbag Pressure --- p.55
Chapter 4.5.1 --- Effects of Orifice Size and Vent Size on Airbag Pressure and Volume --- p.55
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Force Attenuation Estimation --- p.58
Chapter 5.1 --- Theory and Model --- p.58
Chapter 5.1.1 --- Kelvin-Voigt Model --- p.59
Chapter 5.1.2 --- Standard Linear Solid Support Model --- p.59
Chapter 5.2 --- Simple Testing for Validation --- p.61
Chapter 5.3 --- Summary of Experiment --- p.64
Chapter 5.4 --- Estimation --- p.64
Chapter 5.4.1 --- Force Attenuation Ability of Prototype --- p.64
Chapter 5.4.2 --- Minimum Airbag Volume and Pressure Required to Reduce the Force --- p.65
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Future Work --- p.66
Chapter 6.1 --- Impact Test for Airbag System --- p.66
Chapter 6.2 --- The Effective Mass of the Target User --- p.67
Chapter 6.3 --- The Motion Data Collection --- p.68
Chapter 6.4 --- Modification in the Inflator --- p.69
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.70
Appendix A Review of Basic Thermodynamics and Fluid Dynamics --- p.72
Chapter A.1 --- Thermodynamics --- p.72
Chapter A.2 --- Fluid Mechanics: Incompressible and Compressible Flow --- p.75
Appendix B Derivation of Equations --- p.77
Chapter B.1 --- Mass Flow Rate Equations --- p.77
Chapter B.2 --- Relationship between Rate of Changes of Airbag Pressure and Volume --- p.80
Chapter B.3 --- Pressure Change of Compressed Gas Cylinder --- p.82
Chapter B.4 --- Dominating Factors in the Mass Flow Rate Equation --- p.83
Appendix C Dimensions of Inflator --- p.85
Appendix D Experimental Data --- p.86
18
Huang, Po-Chia, and 黃柏嘉. "A Navigation System Integrating with GPS, GIS and ZigBee for Pedestrians." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80353514522787783801.
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Liang, Chih-Bin, and 梁志彬. "A Vision-based Detection System for Walking-cross Activities of Pedestrians." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18872406598533197589.
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碩士淡江大學
土木工程學系
85
In this thesis, we try to use image processing technique to count pedestrians which are stationary in the image and track their trajectories when they are walking. In the pedestrian counting system, since the pixels which pedestrian possesses in the image are directly proportional to number of pedestrians, so we use background differencing method to establish regression model and calculate all people in the image. On the other hand, we use interframe differencing method to establish another regression model which is used to calculate moving pedestrians in the image. The difference between total number of pedestrians and number of moving pedestrians at the same time is considered to be the number of stationary pedestrians in the image. About pedestrian''s trajectory detection, we adopt template matching method based on image feature invariants to track each pedestrian''s template in sequence images. After linking every coordinates, we obtain pedestrians'' trajectory lines. The detection system can output four important parameters including pedestrians'' number, trajectories, speeds, and directions. A case study was demonstrated. About stationary pedestrians, the absolute diffenence between automaticcounts and real counts for each image is almost within 2 persons, and the ratio of maximum absolute error to the real count decrease gradually when people increase. About trajectory, the use of template matching method have only an average error of 1 pixel in x-axis, 2 pixel in y-axis. The error of speed is about 9.43%.
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Chou, Shih-Lun, and 周世崙. "The design and measurement of a dynamic impact testing system of vehicle’s airbag." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78753143431998676638.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
機電工程學系
100
In collision accident, the airbag of a vehicle should be fully expanded to protect the driver and passengers. The airbag system can effectively reduce the probability of occurrence that the occupant’s head and chest collide onto the vehicle parts; the chances of survival of the occupant in the accident can be increased. Therefore, the objective of this research is to build up an airbag detonation system that can be used to control the airbag detonation timing during the dynamic impact testing. The infrared sensor and the PLC controller are employed to replace the vehicle’s collision sensor and ECU. A timer is used to delay the detonation of the airbag to understand the effectiveness of protection of the airbag system. Body block test and sled test are employed to validate the system. The result of this research can provide useful reference parameters that can be used for the design of different types of airbag in the future.
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Yang, Keng-Yi, and 楊耕毅. "A Real-Time Pedestrians Detection and Tracking System Based on Computer Vision." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3yq6n2.
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碩士中原大學
電子工程研究所
106
The surveillance systems have been widely used in our daily life. The functions of current surveillance systems simply record images, they cannot autonomous determine and referee the pedestrians. For these purposes, we use the manual monitoring. Focusing on the screen monitoring causes the fatigue of people and reduces the overall efficiency. This study proposes the methods of detection and tracking for pedestrians. When a pedestrian passes through the range of photography of the surveillance system, the system will automatically perform the detection and path tracking. The systems provide the target numbers and calculate the amount of all pedestrians in the area. The information of the detection and tracking of the pedestrians can be used by the administration. This thesis is divided into two developed systems: detection and tracking. We use the KNN-based background subtraction algorithm to obtain more accurate images of moving objects. And we adopt the morphological techniques to filter out noise and cut off the shadow. Compared with the histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) pedestrian feature, we can recognize the moving object as a target. For the tracking system, when it is confirmed that the moving object is a pedestrian, the system will give a number and counter the amount. It will not be given the number repeatedly, and it can count the total number of pedestrians in the recognized area. Finally, the system will judge whether the pedestrians leave the detection range. The system will remove the tracking frame and the tag number for the pedestrians leaving the detection range. The design methods proposed in this thesis can achieve a correct judgment rate of 86% in the test film, and the processed speed is 6.5 frames per second.
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Tang, Bo. "Pedestrian Protection Using the Integration of V2V Communication and Pedestrian Automatic Emergency Braking System." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/10057.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)The Pedestrian Automatic Emergency Braking System (PAEB) can utilize on-board sensors to detect pedestrians and take safety related actions. However, PAEB system only benefits the individual vehicle and the pedestrians detected by its PAEB. Additionally, due to the range limitations of PAEB sensors and speed limitations of sensory data processing, PAEB system often cannot detect or do not have sufficient time to respond to a potential crash with pedestrians. For further improving pedestrian safety, we proposed the idea for integrating the complimentary capabilities of V2V and PAEB (V2V-PAEB), which allows the vehicles to share the information of pedestrians detected by PAEB system in the V2V network. So a V2V-PAEB enabled vehicle uses not only its on-board sensors of the PAEB system, but also the received V2V messages from other vehicles to detect potential collisions with pedestrians and make better safety related decisions. In this thesis, we discussed the architecture and the information processing stages of the V2V-PAEB system. In addition, a comprehensive Matlab/Simulink based simulation model of the V2V-PAEB system is also developed in PreScan simulation environment. The simulation result shows that this simulation model works properly and the V2V-PAEB system can improve pedestrian safety significantly.