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Journal articles on the topic 'Airfreight'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

İnan, Tüzün Tolga, and Neslihan Gökmen. "DETERMINATION OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING AIRFREIGHT AND MAPPING SIMILAR COUNTRIES VIA MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING." Aviation 25, no. 2 (August 19, 2021): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/aviation.2021.14997.

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As long as people and freights need to move from one place to another, the civil aviation industry will always exist. In this study, a country-based examination has been made on total airfreight transport. Also, gross domestic product (GDP) and total population data were included in this study. 50 countries were selected according to the most recent value that included the years 2018 or 2019 and 26 of these were included in the analysis which was covered in all three rankings. The purpose of the study is to find the similarities between countries based on the total airfreight transportation, total GDP, and total population. The relationship between the three parameters was examined with the correlation analysis. Afterward, the associated parameters were taken as independent variables and the total airfreight transportation variable was modeled by multiple linear regression analysis. In light of these analyses, GDP and total population have a significant impact on total airfreight transportation. To check the assumptions related to outliers, residuals are determined. To show the outliers and the similarities of the countries clearly, the multidimensional scaling method is used. Multidimensional scaling configuration shows that Turkey and the United Kingdom have similarities in terms of total airfreight numbers.

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2

Wang, Song, Chun Ping Tan, Ye Wang, and Fen Fen Fu. "Shipment Planning Based on the 4th Party Logistics Platform in a Dynamic Environment." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 2402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.2402.

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The planning of air cargo logistics is a complex endeavor that involves the collaboration of multiple logistics agents to deliver shipments in a timely, safe, and economic manner. Airfreight forwarders coordinate and manage shipments for their clients, and with the development of Internet logistics platforms, airfreight forwarders can now trade jobs and resources with other participants effectively. The incorporation of trading alternatives significantly complicates the shipment planning process. This study proposes a dynamic decision framework for air cargo shipment planning, within the dynamic environment of bidding and trading. The framework has three phases: estimation, trading, and execution.

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3

Harding, Forrest E. "Characteristics of the market for international airfreight in intermodal logistics." Journal of Transportation Management 9, no. 1 (April 1, 1997): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22237/jotm/859896300.

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Shipper insights and opinions regarding the characteristics of the market for international airfreight in intermodal logistics were explored in this study. The methodology utilized was focus group research. The findings suggest that shippers’ intermodal airfreight decisions are driven by weight and time sensitivity; that the strength of an organization’s information system, especially in relation to tracking and tracing capabilities, is the most important category of service; that shippers respond very positively to personalized service; and that shipper selection of integrators and/or freight forwarders is destination specific. The research confirms the increasing competitiveness of the intermodal logistics market and suggests that personalized customer service can be a major factor in achieving a competitive advantage.

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4

Katarelos, Eleftherios, and Ioannis N. Lagoudis. "Greek airport capacity utilisation: what about airfreight?" International Journal of Aviation Management 1, no. 1/2 (2011): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijam.2011.038297.

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5

Nurhayati, Yati, and Yunitha Ardiani Nur. "Peran Jasa Ground Handling Terhadap Pelayanan Perusahaan Air Freight di Bali dalam Menghadapi Kompetisi Global." WARTA ARDHIA 42, no. 1 (September 23, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/wa.v42i1.291.43-56.

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Salah satu kunci keberhasilan dari sebuah perusahaan pengiriman barang terletak pada kegiatan handling barang yang efektif dan efisien. Untuk dapat berkompetisi dengan baik dengan acuan waktu pelayanan yang efisien, perusahaan jasa airfreight memerlukan kerjasama dengan perusahaan jasa ground handling (PT Jasa Angkasa Semesta dan PT Gapura Angkasa) agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pelanggan. Di sinilah letak peran penting perusahaan jasa ground handling terhadap bisnis air cargo. Sesuai dengan konsep aliran logistik secara terpadu maka selayaknya tidak ada sekat (boundary) atau pisahan antara perusahaan jasa ground handling dan airfreight dalam operasionalnya. Keduanya bersama-sama dengan maskapai penerbangan merupakan satu kesatuan untuk tujuan yang sama mengirim cargo pelanggan tepat waktu. Strategi apa yang akan digunakan perusahaan jasa airfreight bergantung kepada perhitungan IFAS dan EFAS untuk mencari titik absis dan ordinat yang menunjukkan posisi strategis perusahaan airfreight saat ini. Sebagai alat analisis kualitatif, analisis SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, dan Threat) memadai untuk mengetahui posisi strategis perusahaan airfreight dan mengatur langkah strategi apa yang akan digunakan. Kerjasama antara airfreight dan ground handling ini diharapkan akan menghasilkan jasa pelayanan air cargo dengan total waktu proses yang relatif cepat. [The Role of Ground Handling Services to The Air Freight Services in Bali in The Face of Global Competition] One of the successful key of freight forwarder companies lies in their handling operations that executed effectively and efficiently. Most of the companies that can stay competitive in this transportation services business are those which operated with relatively short time in unloading and loading the cargo. In order to make their companies well competed with reference to efficient services time, air freight services companies need to cooperate with ground handling services companies (PT Jasa Angkasa Semesta and PT Gapura Angkasa) so that customer needs can be fulfilled. And that is the important role of ground handling services in the air freight business. In accordance with the integrated logistic flow concept, there should be no operational boundaries between ground handling services companies and air freight services companies. Both of them, together with the airlines, are an entity with the same purpose: to handle the customer cargo right in time. The strategy that will be used by air freight services companies rely on IFAS and EFAS calculation in order to find the correct abscissa and ordinate that indicate the strategic position of the companies at the moment. SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) used as the tool of qualitative analysis not only for indicating the strategic position of the air freight services companies but also for managing the strategic measures that will be taken. The awareness of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the air freight services companies can be used as the benefit in the cooperation with the other services companies, especially ground handling and airlines. The role of ground handling in improving the strengths and using the opportunities while reducing weaknesses and threats is crucial for air freight operations. Thus, cooperation between air freight and ground handling is expected in providing quick processing-cargo services.

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6

Leung, Lawrence C., Gang Chen, Yer Van Hui, and Wen He. "An Airfreight Forwarder’s Shipment Bidding and Logistics Planning." Transportation Science 50, no. 1 (February 2016): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2015.0604.

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7

Elhedhli, Samir, Zichao Li, and James H. Bookbinder. "Airfreight forwarding under system-wide and double discounts." EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics 6, no. 2 (December 8, 2015): 165–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13676-015-0093-5.

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8

Button, Kenneth, and Junyang Yuan. "Airfreight Transport and Economic Development: An Examination of Causality." Urban Studies 50, no. 2 (June 6, 2012): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098012446999.

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9

Mai, Denise Bichuyen, Mary R. Smith, and William T. Gunning. "Assessment of the Stability of von Willebrand Profile Clotting Factors and Platelet Dense Granule Testing Following Air Transport." Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 24, no. 8 (August 16, 2018): 1261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029618794298.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of test results dependent upon blood and plasma sample stability when shipped by airfreight courier for reference laboratory assessment. Of particular interest was evaluation of von Willebrand profile assays and platelet dense granule storage pool analysis. Peripheral venous blood was obtained from healthy volunteers. von Willebrand factor (VWF) activity, VWF antigen, and factor VIII coagulant activity assays were performed immediately following venipuncture with additional aliquots of plasma frozen and stored at −70°C for subsequent analysis 48 hours later. One frozen aliquot was shipped via airfreight for analysis 48 hours later, with another frozen aliquot that remained on-site. Blood was also collected to enumerate platelet dense granules to determine whether shipment would affect results. Statistical analysis of all test results demonstrated significant correlation between immediately assayed samples and samples that were stored for 48 hours at −70°C ( P < .0001), or frozen and shipped on dry ice ( P < .0001) for analysis upon return to our laboratory. No difference was found in the mean number of platelet dense granules between samples retained in our laboratory or samples analyzed upon return of shipment ( P = .751).

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10

Bishop, Chris F. H., and David R. Morpeth. "Perishable Airfreight — Out of Africa: Some Observations on Current Practices." Outlook on Agriculture 29, no. 3 (September 2000): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000000101293257.

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11

Li, Zichao, James H. Bookbinder, and Samir Elhedhli. "Optimal shipment decisions for an airfreight forwarder: Formulation and solution methods." Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 21, no. 1 (April 2012): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2011.08.001.

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12

Lau, H. C. W., K. L. Choy, Peter K. H. Lau, W. T. Tsui, and L. C. Choy. "An intelligent logistics support system for enhancing the airfreight forwarding business." Expert Systems 21, no. 5 (November 2004): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2004.00283.x.

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13

Kouvelis, Panos, and Jian Li. "Day-Definite Full Container Load Service for Time-Sensitive Shippers." International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management 6, no. 3 (July 2013): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisscm.2013070101.

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The authors quantify the benefits of a newly introduced logistics product, day-definite Full Container-load (FCL), in terms of its cost reduction relative to other existing products – regular FCL and airfreight, from the perspective of a logistic manager in an intercontinental supply chain facing lead-time uncertainties. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are provided to illustrate the comparison across the above-mentioned three logistics products and the impact of other factors on the performance of these logistics products.

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14

Huang, Kuancheng, and Wenhou Chi. "A Lagrangian relaxation based heuristic for the consolidation problem of airfreight forwarders." Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 15, no. 4 (August 2007): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2006.08.006.

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15

Hui, Yer Van, Jia Gao, Lawrence Leung, and Stein Wallace. "Airfreight forwarder’s shipment planning under uncertainty: A two-stage stochastic programming approach." Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review 66 (June 2014): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2014.03.006.

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16

Leung, Lawrence C., Yer Van Hui, Gang Chen, and Wai Hung Wong. "Aggregate–disaggregate approach to an airfreight forwarder’s planning under uncertainty: a case study." Journal of the Operational Research Society 68, no. 6 (June 2017): 695–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41274-016-0124-0.

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17

Wan, Yulai, Wai Hung Wong, Lawrence C. Leung, and Yer Van Hui. "An airfreight forwarder's shipment planning: simultaneous decisions on job, route and agent selection." International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics 2, no. 3 (2010): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijstl.2010.033508.

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18

Budd, Lucy, and Stephen Ison. "The role of dedicated freighter aircraft in the provision of global airfreight services." Journal of Air Transport Management 61 (June 2017): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.06.003.

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19

Chi, Junwook, and Jungho Baek. "Price and income elasticities of demand for air transportation: Empirical evidence from US airfreight industry." Journal of Air Transport Management 20 (May 2012): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2011.09.005.

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20

Matsumura, Hiroshi, Tomohisa Ueda, and Yoshimasa Sagane. "Airfreight data from Memanbetsu airport correlated to fish and scallop catch in okhotsk subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan." Data in Brief 31 (August 2020): 106006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.106006.

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21

Niine, Tarvo, Ene Kolbre, Aleksandr Miina, and Malwina Dziugiel. "INNOVATION IN THE AIR CARGO SECTOR: CASE STUDIES OF ESTONIA AND POLAND." TRANSPORT 30, no. 4 (December 18, 2015): 421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2015.1116110.

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Air cargo sector is a developing and dynamic field, where innovation can take place in a number of forms – in the sense of technology as well as processes and business model alterations. The forefront of innovation in the sector lies ‘at the top’, i.e. around international airfreight hubs. In contrast, this study is aimed at mapping out the situation on the example of two regional airport hinterlands in Eastern Europe: Tallinn (Estonia) and Katowice (Poland), to identify the level and types of innovation present in air cargo service providing companies in these regions. The hypothesis of this study is that the level of innovation in the air cargo sector in the regions in question is both benefiting the existing cargo customers and sufficiently supporting the entrepreneurship development by attracting new customers to locate in the area and utilise air transport for their export despite the regions not being airfreight hubs in international sense. A survey was designed and conducted involving altogether 32 companies in the air cargo sector in Estonia and Poland and was carried out in the beginning of 2013. Additional information was obtained by expert interviews with selected participants in the framework of Baltic Air Cargo Network (BACN). The perceived level of innovation in both regions is relatively high in most types of innovation. Various improvements are mostly resulting in increased service quality and differentiation by quality rather than service price. Selected statistically, significant differences in data of two countries allow to understand two similar environments better. The outlooks of the sector in the regions are cautiously optimistic and the developments affect the existing exporters as well as create a suitable environment to attract new exporters and enable entrepreneurship growth in the future. It is interesting and valuable to air cargo stakeholders and authorities that air cargo service industry can be innovative and has growth potential even in regions with the modest number of direct flight destinations. Innovation comes to life via flexibility in transport services, such as the growth and systematic development of Road-Feeder Services (RFS), which allows remote regions to be better connected in the international networks.

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22

Yang, Ching-Chiao, and Ching-Cheng Chao. "How relationship marketing, switching costs, and service quality impact customer satisfaction and loyalty in Taiwan’s airfreight forwarding industry?" Transportmetrica A: Transport Science 13, no. 8 (May 17, 2017): 679–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23249935.2017.1321696.

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23

El-qawaqneh, Shahir, Dr Nur Hidayah Binti Laili, and Dr Khairil Bin Khairi. "The Approaching Lease Accounting Regulations and Its Impact on Cost of Capital, "A Practical Case Study"." Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting 7, no. 2 (November 24, 2015): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ajfa.v7i2.8493.

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<p>We examine how the approaching international lease accounting regulations influence credit rating of particular airfreight company, we capitalize all of still effective operation lease agreements commencing in 2002 and expired on 2026. In particular we use actual operation lease data, not only the disclosed with off-balance sheet. Our results suggest that, on average, capitalization of over 12 months term operation leases, dramatically alter capital structure. Results either reports a positive impact on weighted average cost of capital WACC, credit rating is a financial risk assessment measurement used by credit holders, investors, and analysis, our results is consistent with the lease accounting standard sitters point of view; investors and credit holders have the right to obtain a full transparent picture about firms lease activities in benefit of all parties. We also find some evidence that the positive change in WACC is related to the increasing portion of capitalized lease liability accompanied with an escalating decreeing in conventional debt, in certain conditions, this result suggests that financial lease has the advantage over conventional debt. </p>

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24

Bigalke, M., and S. Huyskens-Keil. "INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT POSTHARVEST TREATMENTS ON QUALITY AND SHELF LIFE OF CANTALOUPE-MELONS cv. âGALIAâ TRANSPORTED BY AIRFREIGHT." Acta Horticulturae, no. 531 (May 2000): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2000.531.42.

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25

Wong, Wai Hung, Lawrence C. Leung, and Yer Van Hui. "Airfreight forwarder shipment planning: A mixed 0–1 model and managerial issues in the integration and consolidation of shipments." European Journal of Operational Research 193, no. 1 (February 2009): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2007.10.032.

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26

Feldhoff, Eva, and Nora Metzner. "Examining legal requirements for a ground infrastructure at airfields as part of an automated, emission-free airfreight transport chain." Transportation Research Procedia 52 (2021): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2021.01.054.

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27

Saigusa, Hideto, Osamu Kadosono, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki Itou, Shyunsuke Awaya, Sakura Fujii, Kano Ogawa, Setsumi Abe, Yasuhiko Sugimoto, and Toshio Abe. "Remote Distance Airfreight Transportation for an Aged-patient with Severe General Condition under the Control of the Artificial Ventilator System." Nihon Ika Daigaku Igakkai Zasshi 7, no. 4 (2011): 146–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1272/manms.7.146.

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28

Dias, Gláucia Moraes, Lucas Gomes Santos, Patrícia Cia, José Maria Monteiro Sigrist, and Sylvio Luís Honório. "Controlled atmosphere and refrigerated storage in cut roses ‘Avalanche’." Ornamental Horticulture 23, no. 3 (October 5, 2017): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/oh.v23i3.1049.

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In Brazil, there are few studies on cut flowers cold storage, and there is no research on the association of controlled atmosphere with flower cooling. Worldwide research in this sector is considered scarce; this requires the establishment of adequate postharvest technology, involving cold storage and controlled/modified atmosphere for cutting flowers. In Brazil, roses are the most widely cultivated cut flower and a single producer exports three pallets of this species by airfreight per week. The objectives of this work were to define the concentrations of O2 and CO2 in which cut roses ‘Avalanche’ should be submitted, defining procedures for postharvest conservation and establishing technical guidelines for the exportation of cut roses under controlled atmosphere. The experiments were carried out at 1±1 °C with the help of a flowchart to dose the gases, and the concentration of O2 , CO2 and ethylene were assessed. Phase 1 experiment had O2 concentration set at 21% associated with four different concentrations of CO2 , 10, 20, 30 and 40%. Phase 2 experiment had O2 at 3% associated with four different concentrations of CO2 , 3, 6, 10 and 15%. The controlled atmosphere with 3% O2 and 6% CO2 associated with 1+1 °C was indicated for the storage of cut rose ‘Avalanche’.

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29

Islam, Md Saikul, A. N. Faruq, M. M. H. Chowdhury, Mohammad Shahjahan, and K. Kabir. "Value Chain Analysis of Exportable Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) from Bangladesh." Agriculturists 13, no. 1 (January 24, 2016): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v13i1.26557.

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A survey was conducted to assess the export supply and value chain analyses of okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L.) in Bangladesh. The survey was consisted of primary and secondary data from semi-structured interview of key persons involved in the supply chains of export market of okra and from the review of relevant reports and literature. Primary data were collected from 40 middlemen (from Ulokhola-10, Kawranbazar-7, Shambazar-8, Jatrabaribazar-5, Chandina-10), 5 service providers and 20 okra exporters of Dhaka city. It was found that the supply chain was fragmented and complex. The middlemen predominantly controlled the supply chains. Post-harvest management was poor, resulting low quality of the produce and low prices in the export market. The supply chain indicated that, the growers consumed 7.8% of their own product while 92.2% was sold out. About 28% farmers sold their okra at the field/farm-gates and 72% was sold in the local markets. The value chain analyses (VCA) revealed that, the net profit margin was 15.77 Tk/kg for both the UK and the Middle East markets whereas the net profit was 5.86 Tk/kg in local markets. The cost of airfreight was highest (63.97%) of all costs followed by the production cost of okra (16.85%) and the cost of packing (13.40%).The Agriculturists 2015; 13(1) 133-139

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30

Cannone, Nicoletta, Stefano Ponti, and Francesco Malfasi. "A Pilot Project to Limit the Human Impacts on the Fragile Antarctic Biota: Mitigation of a Runway through Vegetation Transplantation." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020811.

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Background: Antarctica is among the world’s last great wildernesses, but the anthropogenic activities and associated infrastructures threaten its fragile biota. We quantify the impact of the construction of a 2200 m long gravel runway airstrip for airfreight operations of the Italian research station on vegetation ecosystems at Boulder Clay (continental Antarctica). We propose a pilot project to mitigate this impact through the transplantation of vegetation from the runway to safe sites. Methods: A vegetation field survey was performed through phytosociological relevés and vegetation mapping and data were analyzed through multivariate analysis. Results: We quantify the destructive impact of the runway construction on the flora and vegetation of Boulder Clay. Based on vegetation characteristics, 28 priority areas were transplanted from the runway to safe sites, with 89% of survival. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first time that vegetation transplantation was performed in Antarctica to mitigate the consequences of human actions, as formerly it was used only for scientific experiments. This pilot project provides a tool to support management decisions, involving the quantitative evaluation of the infrastructure impacts and showing the suitability of practical mitigation actions. This pilot project proposes a practical tool exportable to all Antarctica and beyond and suggests to link the permissions’ release for the new infrastructures in Antarctica to the realization of specific conservation and mitigation actions.

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31

Steingass, Christof B., Jennifer Dickreuter, Sabine Kuebler, Ralf M. Schweiggert, and Reinhold Carle. "Influence of fruit logistics on fresh-cut pineapple (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr.) volatiles assessed by HS-SPME–GC–MS analysis." European Food Research and Technology 247, no. 7 (March 31, 2021): 1617–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00217-021-03718-w.

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AbstractGreen-ripe pineapples are shipped overseas by sea freight, while those picked at full maturity need to be transported by airfreight over the same large distance. In this study, fresh-cut pineapple cubes were assessed two, five, and eight days after processing from green-ripe pineapples after mimicked sea freigh (SF) and fully ripe air-freighted (AF) pineapples. The sea-freighted samples displayed elevated titratable acidity (TA), thus resulting in smaller ratios of total soluble solids and TA compared to the AF pineapples. Differences in the carotenoid levels of the two fresh-cut categories were found to be insignificant. By contrast, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) calculated on the basis of the volatiles analysed by headspace solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME–GC–MS) permitted to distinguish all six individual sample types and to segregate them into two major clusters (SF and AF). The effect of storage on the volatiles was further evaluated by partial least squares (PLS) regression. Substantial chemical markers to differentiate the individual samples and to describe the effect of storage were deduced from the PCA and PLS regression, respectively. In general, fresh-cut products obtained from fully ripe AF fruit displayed higher concentrations of volatiles, in particular, increased concentrations of diverse methyl esters. With progressing storage duration, the concentrations of ethanol and diverse ethyl esters increased. Moreover, products from AF pineapples displayed lower microbial counts compared to those from SF fruit.

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32

Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M., P. Crutzen, F. Boumard, T. Dauer, B. Dix, R. Ebinghaus, D. Filippi, et al. "Civil Aircraft for the regular investigation of the atmosphere based on an instrumented container: The new CARIBIC system." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 18 (September 27, 2007): 4953–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-4953-2007.

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Abstract. An airfreight container with automated instruments for measurement of atmospheric gases and trace compounds was operated on a monthly basis onboard a Boeing 767-300 ER of LTU International Airways during long-distance flights from 1997 to 2002 (CARIBIC, Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container, http://www.caribic-atmospheric.com). Subsequently a more advanced system has been developed, using a larger capacity container with additional equipment and an improved inlet system. CARIBIC phase #2 was implemented on a new long-range aircraft type Airbus A340-600 of the Lufthansa German Airlines (Star Alliance) in December 2004, creating a powerful flying observatory. The instrument package comprises detectors for the measurement of O3, total and gaseous H2O, NO and NOy, CO, CO2, O2, Hg, and number concentrations of sub-micrometer particles (>4 nm, >12 nm, and >18 nm diameter). Furthermore, an optical particle counter (OPC) and a proton transfer mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) are incorporated. Aerosol samples are collected for analysis of elemental composition and particle morphology after flight. Air samples are taken in glass containers for laboratory analyses of hydrocarbons, halocarbons and greenhouse gases (including isotopic composition of CO2) in several laboratories. Absorption tubes collect oxygenated volatile organic compounds. Three differential optical absorption spectrometers (DOAS) with their telescopes mounted in the inlet system measure atmospheric trace gases such as BrO, HONO, and NO2. A video camera mounted in the inlet provides information about clouds along the flight track. The flying observatory, its equipment and examples of measurement results are reported.

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33

Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M., P. Crutzen, F. Boumard, T. Dauer, B. Dix, R. Ebinghaus, D. Filippi, et al. "Civil aircraft for the regular investigation of the atmosphere based on an instrumented container: the new CARIBIC system." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, no. 2 (April 18, 2007): 5277–339. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-5277-2007.

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Abstract. A large airfreight container with automated instruments for measurement of atmospheric gases and trace compounds was operated on a monthly basis onboard a Boeing 767-300 ER of LTU International Airways during long-distance flights from 1997 to 2002 (CARIBIC, Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container, http://www.caribic-atmospheric.com). Subsequently a more advanced system has been developed, using a larger capacity container with additional equipment and an improved inlet system. CARIBIC phase #2 was implemented on a new long-range aircraft type Airbus A340-600 of the Lufthansa German Airlines (Star Alliance) in December 2004, creating a powerful flying observatory. The instrument package comprises detectors for the measurement of O3, total and gaseous H2O, NO and NOy, CO, CO2, O2, Hg, and number concentrations of sub-micrometer particles (>4 nm, >12 nm, and >18 nm diameter). Furthermore, an optical particle counter and a proton transfer mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) are installed. Aerosol samples are collected for analyses of elemental composition and particle morphology after flight. Air samples are taken in glass containers for laboratory analyses of hydrocarbons, halocarbons and greenhouse gases in several laboratories. Absorption tubes collect oxygenated volatile organic compounds. Three differential optical absorption spectrometers (DOAS) with their telescopes mounted in the inlet system measure atmospheric trace gases such as BrO, HONO, and NO2. A video camera mounted in the inlet provides information about clouds along the flight track. Here we describe the flying observatory and report examples of measurement results.

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정영훈 and Minyoung Park. "A study on significant differences between the recognition of worth of logistic service providers and Shipper firms - Focused on airfreight forwarding cargo of electronics manufacturing company -." Korean Journal of Logistics 23, no. 1 (February 2015): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15735/kls.2015.23.1.003.

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Kelemen, Miroslav, Volodymyr Polishchuk, Beáta Gavurová, Rudolf Andoga, Stanislav Szabo, Wenjiang Yang, John Christodoulakis, et al. "Educational Model for Evaluation of Airport NIS Security for Safe and Sustainable Air Transport." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 7, 2020): 6352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166352.

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One of the praxeological problems of safe and sustainable air transport (airfreight transport/air cargo, and air passenger transport) is the prevention and management of risks by competent staff, with the support of modern information and communication technologies. This paper presents an educational information model and software for the airport network and information systems risk assessment, primarily intended for aviation education and training of professionals for ensuring safe and sustainable air transport. The solution to the problem is based on the application of the fuzzy logic method in the air transport environment. Based on a fuzzy expert model, the selected scenario, and the input data established separately for airport assets by a group of 23 experts from aviation practice and a university, the following three assessments of airport network information system assets were constructed: Asset A2 (meteorological information systems) has an insignificant risk with an estimated 0.1162, and assets A1 (air traffic control and management (ATM), navigational aids and approach) and A3 (runway monitoring system) received a low risk of airport network and information systems (NIS) security with ratings of 0.2623 and 0.2915, respectively. An airport NIS risk assessment was aggregated (0.2288), indicating a low degree of security risk to the airport’s network and information systems. The aggregated risk assessment of airport NIS, including financial loss data, was calculated as 0.1438, representing a low degree of security risk to the airport’s network and information systems. Scenarios for evaluating airport assets are changing for students during education. The results of the developed model and its software will be part of the Simulation Center of the Faculty of Aeronautics.

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Urbini, Stefano, Gianluca Bianchi-Fasani, Paolo Mazzanti, Alfredo Rocca, Luca Vittuari, Antonio Zanutta, Valentina Alena Girelli, Michelina Serafini, Achille Zirizzotti, and Massimo Frezzotti. "Multi-Temporal Investigation of the Boulder Clay Glacier and Northern Foothills (Victoria Land, Antarctica) by Integrated Surveying Techniques." Remote Sensing 11, no. 12 (June 25, 2019): 1501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11121501.

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The paper aims to detect the main changes that occurred in the area surrounding the Mario Zucchelli Station (MZS) through analysis of multi-temporal remote sensing integrated by geophysical measurements. Specific attention was directed at realizing an integrated geomorphological study of the Boulder Clay Glacier, a partially debris-covered glacier belonging to the Northern Foothills (Victoria Land, Antarctica). This area was recently chosen as the location for the construction of a new semi-permanent gravel runway for MZS logistical airfreight operations. Photogrammetric analysis was performed by comparing three historical aerial photogrammetric surveys (carried out in 1956, 1985, and 1993) and Very High Resolution (VHR) GeoEye-1 satellite stereo-image coverage acquired in 2012. The comparison of geo-referenced orthophoto-mosaics allowed the main changes occurring in some particular areas along the coast nearby MZS to be established. Concerning the study of the Boulder Clay Glacier, it has to be considered that glaciers and moraines are not steady-state systems by definition. Several remote sensing and geophysical investigations were carried out with the main aim of determining the general assessment of this glacier: Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR); Geodetic Global Positioning System (GPS) network; multi-temporal satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry. The analysis of Boulder Clay Glacier moraine pointed out a deformation of less than 74 mm y−1 in a time span of 56 years, value that agrees with velocity and deformation data observed by GPS and InSAR methods. The presence of unexpected brine ponds at the ice/bedrock interface and the deformation pattern observed in the central part of the moraine has to be monitored and studied, especially under the long-term maintenance of the future runway.

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Beifert, Anatoli. "Air Cargo Development in the Regional Airports of the Baltic Sea Region Through Road Feeder Services." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 16, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ttj-2015-0010.

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Abstract As issued in the Competition Policy Brief on the new state aid rules for a competitive aviation industry by the Competition Directorate-General of the European Commission in February 20141, it will be more difficult for unprofitable airports, to obtain financial public subsidies on EU, national or regional level. Although the positive impact of small airports on the regional development and general accessibility was mentioned, still the operating aid to the airports shall be cut out over a maximum of 10 years. It has been further stated that the vast majority of small and regional airports experience problems to cover their running operative costs, as a result from an intensive market competition and overlapping of airports’ catchment areas preventing even some promising airports from growth. Public subsidies are mostly used by the airport management for infrastructural investments, to cover operating losses or to attract price-sensitive airlines. Herewith, among other things, the EU Commission is pointing out at the lack of cooperation structures and network strategies among the regional airports and at rather isolated and individual approach during elaboration of the airport development scenarios. However, the Competition Policy Brief permits public aid to regional airports, among other things if there is sufficient transports need to establish transition periods for small airports; the need for more flexibility of the regional airports in the remote areas has been underlined. The EU Commission is expecting herewith not to close the regional airports, but to stimulate them to operate on cost efficient and profitable basis, and that only the most inefficient airports will be closed. To cope with the upcoming challenges the regional airports are demanded now to revaluate and reconsider their future development plans. While focusing on the passenger traffic many regional airports ignore or underestimate the benefits of the airfreight market. Although the air cargo has rather a low volume, but very high revenue yield part. Business internationalization is one of the important driving forces for the airfreight nowadays as well as decreasing air transport costs due to improving efficiency and growing competition among the air carriers. Most regional airports in the Baltic Sea region that act totally isolated, do not have a clear picture of the current situation on the international air cargo market, its future perspectives and sustainable development plans. Trying to meet the market demand, the regional airports are making huge and unjustified investments, e.g. improving airport infrastructure. It is not clear till now which elements of the Pan-Baltic cargo market could be managed as an alternative revenue yielding services for consolidated operation by air or what infrastructure is needed to provide the opportunity for an optimal economic mix of road-rail-air-sea transport? Nowadays, to a large degree air cargo traffic relies on scheduled, frequent passenger services in hub-and-spoke as well as in point-to-point traffic. Regional airports are presently suffering from a lack of scheduled uplift capacity. The volume currently transported by air in the regional airports is almost entirely based on the occasional charter flights. However, the growth of the air cargo business is likely to be based not only on cargo charters, but to a larger extend on truck-based services for transit shipments. Onward transportation by truck may occur on road feeder service, so called “flying trucks”, where a real truck substitutes a flight. “Flying trucks” are having flight numbers etc., therefore they must be prioritized in many ways in the BSR transport policy. This paper investigates the role of Road Feeder Services concept (thereafter named here as “Flying Truck”) as an optional freight value proposition for the development of the regional airports and their possible participation in the air cargo market as a supplement instrument to generate additional revenue, thus making the airports more profitable and attractive.

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Samarakoon, Uttara C., and James E. Faust. "Quantifying the Effects of Chelated Calcium and Salicylic Acid on the Postharvest Quality of Poinsettia Cuttings." HortTechnology 29, no. 1 (February 2019): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04200-18.

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Vegetatively propagated unrooted cuttings typically are grown in equatorial locations and shipped via airfreight to propagators located in temperate climates. Cutting quality, defined as the resistance to external forces, such as physical damage and pathogen infection, impacts postharvest durability during shipping and propagation. During our previous studies, foliar application of calcium (Ca) in the form of Ca chloride was effective at increasing leaf mechanical strength of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) and zonal geranium (Pelargonium ×hortorum). Calcium chloride applied at ≥800 mg·L−1 Ca caused phytotoxicity symptoms in poinsettia; therefore, in the current work, we investigated the use of chelated Ca by providing Ca at 40, 80, or 160 mg·L−1 and salicylic acid (SA) at 150 or 300 mg·L−1 to increase the mechanical strength of poinsettia leaves. Mechanical strength of leaves was assessed using a force-displacement graph generated from a texture analyzer using a ball probe to penetrate a unit area of a clamped leaf. The peak force to fracture the leaf and work-of-penetration, defined as the area under the force-displacement curve, were used as indicators of mechanical strength. Calcium concentration in the leaves increased by 27% with increased application of Ca from 0 to 160 mg·L−1. Peak force was 26% greater in treatments with Ca at 80 or 160 mg·L−1 compared with the untreated control. Work-of-penetration was 24% and 29% greater for treatments with Ca at 80 and 160 mg·L−1, respectively, compared with the control. Foliar application of SA did not affect leaf mechanical strength. Chelated Ca applied at 160 mg·L−1 Ca caused visual phytotoxicity symptoms; thus, applications of 80 mg·L−1 Ca are recommended to improve resistance to physical damage for poinsettia leaves.

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Hoq, MS, SK Raha, and N. Sultana. "Value addition in vegetables production, processing and export from Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 37, no. 3 (October 7, 2012): 377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i3.12081.

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Bangladesh has immense prospect for exporting vegetables to the world market and it has also produced high quality exportable fresh vegetable. Although the share of export earning in vegetables increasing day by day but export is constrained by several issues. Thus the present study was undertaken to determine the value addition, cost and return of vegetables production and export at different levels and also suggest some policy implication for improving the present system. The study was based on both primary and secondary data. The sample included vegetables producer, suppliers, and exporters. Vegetable producers and suppliers were selected from Ulokhola of Kaligonj Upazila and exporters were selected from Dhaka city (Motijheel, Kakrail, Shantinagar, Khilgaon, and Sham Bazar).Appling conventional profitability analysis the study revealed that per hectare production cost for cowpea, snake gourd, and bitter gourd were estimated at Tk. 73838, Tk.72,029 and Tk.1,04,644 respectively and value addition for cowpea, snakegroud, and bitter gourd were calculated at Tk.86,162, Tk.1,52,611 and Tk.2,37,356 respectively by farmers. The average estimated marketing costs incurred by suppliers were Tk.2906 per ton. The value addition by suppliers were Tk.3094 per ton. The average estimated marketing cost incurred by different exporters for UK, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Qatar were Tk.1,69,442, Tk.98,429, Tk.1,03,499, and Tk.85,324 per ton, respectively. The value addition by different exporters for UK, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Qatar were Tk.55,778, Tk.16,661, Tk.16,902, and Tk. 23,754 per ton respectively. Among all the cost items, airfreight charge was the highest. It was revealed from the study that bitter gourd cultivation is more profitable and BCR is also highest (3.27) and UK market was more profitable for vegetables export. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(3): 377-388, September 2012 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i3.12081

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Andriyanto, Achmad, and Yuniar Ega Anggraini Putri. "ANALISIS PENYEBAB KEGAGALAN PENGIRIMAN BARANG PROJECT 247 ATAU JENIS SXQ PADA DIVISI OPERATION AIRFREIGHT PT.CIPTA KRIDA BAHARI DENGAN METODE FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS (FMEA) DAN FAULT TREE ANALYSIS (FTA)." Jurnal Logistik Bisnis 11, no. 1 (May 30, 2021): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.46369/logistik.v11i1.1372.

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PT. Cipta Krida Bahari (CKB Logistics Group) merupakan badan usaha penyedia solusi dari rantai pasok untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dari pelanggan dengan dukungan keterampilan dan pengalaman di bidang logistik. Pada PT. Cipta Krida Bahari Cabang Surabaya terdapat beberapa kegagalan pengiriman barang jenis SXQ, hal ini tentu berdampak pada perusahaan yaitu kepercayaan customer dalam menggunakan jasa PT. CKB akan berkurang, melihat adanya permasalahan ini penulis tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian terhadap kegagalan pengiriman barang jenis SXQ di PT. Cipta Krida Bahari Cabang Surabaya. PT. Cipta Krida Bahari membutuhkan solusi dalam penanganan masalah tersebut dengan menggunakan metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) untuk mencari prioritas penyelesaian permasalahan dalam sistem. Penentuan prioritasnya didasarkan pada nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN) dari setiap permasalahan. Sedangkan Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) untuk mencari kombinasi dari kejadian penyebab kerusakan dalam sistem. Berdasarkan hasil metode FMEA terdapat 2 potential cause yang masuk dalam kategori 80% total persentase kumulatif yang kemudian diidentifikasi lebih mendalam dengan menggunakan metode FTA. Potential cause yang akan diidentifikasi menggunakan metode FTA adalah keterlambatan pembuatan manifest dan PTI serta keterlambatan serah terima barang dari bagian warehouse.

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Huang, Show-Hui Sheree, Wen-Kai Kevin Hsu, and Jen-Wen Chen. "A safety evaluation system based on a revised fuzzy AHP for dangerous goods in airfreights." Journal of Transportation Safety & Security 12, no. 5 (July 5, 2019): 611–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2018.1519624.

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Hsu, Wen-Kai K., Show-Hui S. Huang, and Wen-Jui Tseng. "Evaluating the risk of operational safety for dangerous goods in airfreights – A revised risk matrix based on fuzzy AHP." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 48 (October 2016): 235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2016.08.018.

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Bookbinder, James H., Samir Elhedhli, and Zichao Li. "Airfreight Forwarding Under System-Wide and Double Discounts." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2724060.

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Eriksson, G�staA. "Airfreight: Geographical patterns and economics. Forecasting models with an example from Finland." GeoJournal 12, no. 3 (April 1986). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00175016.

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"Application of intuitionistic fuzzy critical path method on airfreight ground operation systems." Journal of Mathematical and Computational Science, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.28919/jmcs/5855.

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Kille, Tarryn, Paul Bates, and Patrick S. Murray. "A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF REGIONAL AVIATION IN THE AIRFREIGHT INDUSTRY." Science-based technologies 24, no. 4 (January 28, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.18372/2310-5461.24.7520.

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"RESEARCH ON AIRFREIGHT LOADING OPTIMIZATION OF E-COMMERCE LOGISTICS BASED ON IMPROVED GENETIC ALGORITHM." International Journal of Mechatronics and Applied Mechanics I, no. 9 (July 21, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.17683/ijomam/issue9.6.

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"Shipbuilding in the Aral Sea and the Amu Darya River." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 4 (November 30, 2019): 7679–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.d5363.118419.

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This article is focused on the history of the emergence and development of shipbuilding in the Khorezm oasis in the 19th and 20th centuries. The history of Butakov's study of the Aral Sea and the discovery of sea routes in Amu Darya river has a two-hundred-year period. During this time, the navy and the seafaring reached a high level and almost ended. During this period, the major part of cargo transported to the Khorezm oasis by ships was a huge flotilla in this area. The deterioration of the ecological situation, the extreme degradation of the river and the complication of ships, the efficiency of rail, automobile, airfreight and passenger transport - all led to the limitation of ships' movement on the rivers of Central Asia.

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Neiberger, Cordula. "Vernetzungsunternehmen der Weltwirtschaft." Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsgeographie 51, no. 1 (January 1, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfw.2007.0009.

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Network enterprises of the global economy? The role of proximity for the internationalisation of air freight forwarders. Customer requirements, new technologies and the deregulation and liberalisation measures of the last 15 years have had a significant influence on increasing globalization of the air freight forwarding industry. On the basis of empirical studies of the airports Frankfurt am Main/Germany and Amsterdam/The Netherlands, the study examines the impact of embeddedness of foreign companies in regional networks. It will be shown, that most of the companies do not need to be embedded in foreign networks, because of the global extension of the costumers and a high degree of organizational standardization. In fact the example of international cooperation among medium sized airfreight forwarders of different countries rather shows that global networks can be linked successfully, independent from the regional level.

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Wen-Jui Tseng. "Transport risks analysis of temperature-controlled cargoes for airfreight forwarders in Taiwan: Case study of the orchids." AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEEARCH 6, no. 27 (November 19, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar11.1462.

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