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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Airport operation'
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1
Gronfula, Mohammed Ghazi. "Intelligent optimisation system for airport operation : Hajj Terminal in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/10445.
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Airport operation level of service (LOS) and performance management are among the major concerns by any airport authority. Two aspects considered in that kind of measurement: passengers prospective and operators prospective. This thesis tries to combine both in its produced optimisation system. This study was carried out in the Hajj terminal of the King Abdul-Aziz international airport and classified the processing time among the most important measures affecting the users’ observation of the level of service. Produced survey has helped to generate performance measure upon passengers prospective. On the other hand a simulation model of the process flow is utilised to formulate driven data model of the terminal process flow operations. The model built on Arena software and correlation study is made from the multiple “what if” scenarios of the model. Then a linear regression is used to generate a model for each variable. Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm is used after to carry out better regression model then Neuro-Fuzzy (NF) model found to be more efficient as it is picked and used to generate a best observed prediction. The system is optimised through the generated Neuro-Fuzzy (NF) logic model using both Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). A validation in addition to the testing made in the optimisation system. Analysis shows a great deal of improvement in predictions using fuzzy logic instead of linear regression for all dependent variables. PSO and GA optimisations are carried out and compared to the actual results gathered from the Arena simulation report.
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Teixeira, Roberto de Barros. "An heuristic approach for the improvement of aircraft departure scheduling at airports." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1992. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12617.
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This work considers the management in the short run of aircraft departures from their parking stands at major airports where traffic congestion is noticeable. At the ground level, congestion is patent when carefully designed departure time tables become unworkable, causing ever increasing delays which penalize heavily passengers, airlines and the airport surrounding community. The study is composed of two parts: First an overall analysis of the considered problem is performed to provide background knowledge and to display basic principles for the management of aircraft ground movements at modem airports. Physical components as well as current operational rules are discussed and their interdependence is revealed. A particular importance is given to new and foreseeable developments in communication and guidance technology which allow an improved prediction of runway occupancy times or gaps. Capacity issues are also discussed with respect to aircraft ground activities and the airfield capacity is analysed. This first part of the work ends with the description of levels of fuel consumption and of pollution emission by aircraft ground operations and thus shows the relevance of the problem considered in this study. The second part of this work is devoted to the design of a just-in-time clearance policy which should minimise environment, fuel and pollution levels and made possible a delay-free ground traffic for departing aircraft A mathematical formulation of the considered decision problem, characterized as a real time scheduling problem, is built up. Then possible solution strategies are appraised and an "ad hoc" heuristic solution algorithm is designed. This solution is first compared in theoretical terms with a First Come First Served policy showing that in an error-free situation the proposed solution cannot be worse than its competitor. Then a simulation study is performed which confirms in practical terms the above result The influence of the main design parameters of the solution algorithm on its performance are also examined giving some insights in relation to necessary communication and prediction aids. Finally, possible extensions of the proposed method and its integration in a global aircraft traffic management system are discussed.
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Iyigunlu, Serter. "Agent-based modelling and simulation of airplane boarding processes." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/83637/1/Serter_Iyigunlu_Thesis.pdf.
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Passenger flow simulations are an important tool for designing and managing airports. This thesis examines the different boarding strategies for the Boeing 777 and Airbus 380 aircraft in order to investigate their current performance and to determine minimum boarding times. The most optimal strategies have been discovered and new strategies that are more efficient are proposed. The methods presented offer reduced aircraft boarding times which plays an important role for reducing the overall aircraft Turn Time for an airline.
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Шевченко, Юлія Вікторівна, Yuliya Viktorivna Shevchenko, Марина Юріївна Горідько, and Руслана Володимирівна Горідько. "Методи покращення ефективної роботи служб аеропорту." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/45266.
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Для більшої пропускної спроможності аеропорту, застосовується велика кількість різних технологічних і організаційних методів виконання операцій реєстрації квитків і оформлення багажу пасажирів перед польотом. Впровадження систем і засобів механізації й автоматизації процесів реєстрації квитків, оформлення й обробки багажу пасажирів дає можливість зареєструвати квиток і оформити багаж біля будь-якої реєстраційної стійки в операційному залі, що значно збільшує пропускну спроможність аеровокзалів, підвищує культуру обслуговування пасажирів [2]. Інтенсивність обслуговування пасажирів на реєстраційних стійках в операційному залі аеровокзалу є однією з найважливіших характеристик, що визначає пропускну спроможність системи наземного обслуговування пасажирів повітряного транспорту та потребує дослідження і вдосконалення методики розміщення та експлуатації.Сучасний аеропорт має, перш за все, задовольняти потреби населення країни у авіаційних послугах, гарантувати експлуатантам повітряного транспорту, пасажирам, клієнтурі, орендарям та іншим – рівні можливості щодо надання послуг. Повітрянному транспорту, як учаснику економічних процесів, притаманна циклічність функціонування. Зростання і падіння обсягів перевезень залежить не тільки від економічних процесів, а від певних ситуацій, наприклад, криз та негативних наслідків авіаційних подій. На розвиток перевезень повітряним транспортом впливає специфіка аеропортових комплексів, послуги і якість роботи яких фактично складають наземне обслуговування пасажирів.При дослідженні пріоритетності напрямків задоволення потреб клієнтів, фахівці ІАТА дійшли висновку, що переваги має та стратегія розвитку, в центрі якої знаходиться, в першу чергу, пасажир. Тому керівництво найбільших аеропортів активно залучає до реалізації програм з підвищення рівня обслуговування клієнтів весь свій персонал та проводять тренінги, розробляють системи мотивацій, заохочень співробітників і партнерів, від яких залежить якість сервісу.
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Kim, Sang Hyun. "Airport control through intelligent gate assignment." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50277.
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This dissertation aims at improving the efficiency, robustness, and flexibility of airport operations through intelligent gate assignment. Traditional research on gate assignment focuses on the accommodation of passengers' demands such as walking time of passengers, and the robustness of gate assignment. In spite of its importance on the ramp operations, there is a lack of research to account ramp congestion when gates are assigned. Therefore, this dissertation proposes a new perspective on the gate assignment that accounts for ramp congestion. For that purpose, a ramp operations model based on observations at Atlanta airport is presented to understand the characteristics of aircraft movement on the ramp. The proposed gate assignment problem minimizes passenger-time spent on ramp areas. In addition, this dissertation is conducted to satisfy the needs of passengers, aircraft, and operations from the perspectives of passengers. Using actual passenger data at a major hub airport, the proposed gate assignment is assessed by means of passengers' transit time, passengers' time spent on the ramp, and passengers' waiting time for a gate. Results show that the proposed gate assignment outperforms the current gate assignment in every metric. This dissertation also analyzes the impact of gate assignment on departure metering, which controls the number of pushbacks in order to reduce airport congestion. Then, some of departing flights are held at gates, so it increases the chance of gate conflict, which reduces the efficiency of departure metering as well as ramp operations. In order to analyze the impact of gate assignment on departure metering, this dissertation simulates departure processes at two airports. Results show that the proposed robust gate assignment reduces the occurrence of gate conflicts under departure metering and helps to utilize gate-holding times to some extent.
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Alodhaibi, Sultan Sulaiman. "Strategic and operational issues in the integrated management of an airport: An operations management approach." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/132262/1/Sultan%20Sulaiman_Alodhaibi_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis contributes to the area of integrated management of outbound and inbound passenger flows at an international airport terminal for optimal utilisation of resources with maximum comfort to the passengers. The main goal of this research is to develop a holistic model based on the combination of simulation, airport resource management algorithms and analytical optimisation approaches. This model provides an important step forward in the development of a fully-fledged holistic decision support tool. The model can be used for strategic and operational requirements for multi-terminal International/Domestic.
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Caves, Robert Edward. "Airport planning in a liberal setting : methodologies for appropriate airport provision." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1993. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/28275.
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The thesis uses a comprehensive case study of the UK airport planning process to generate hypotheses to be tested. The hypotheses are that the use of more formal planning disciplines to the expansion of the London area airports would have allowed a more appropriate solution than those apparently preferred by the government; further, that this change in the planning process would only be beneficial if accompanied by changes in the framework for airport planning. It is seen to be necessary that the ground rules are known and that the interactions between all affected groups and the decision processes are transparent if the final result is to bear a strong resemblance to the project as planned. A possible solution is developed in the case study by using elements of this alternative methodology, resulting in a proposal for an extra short runway at Heathrow.
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Park, Yongha. "Studies in Airline and Aviation Efficiency." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu149261466159752.
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Jošth, Adamová Eva. "Airport operations management- aplikace na regionální letiště." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229948.
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The main content of this master´s thesis is Airport Operations Management and it´s application on regional airport Brno – Tuřany. The study analyses common airport operations at the airports and compares it with actual situation at Brno airport. Focusing on comparsion, new upgrading or suggestions for increasing the operations are made. The part of thesis encloses also an approach to contemporary issues in greening the airports and air traffic.
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Okwir, Simon. "Collaborative Measures : Challenges in Airport Operations." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207780.
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Over the last 20 years, internal use of Performance Management(PM) within organizations has become much more complex in terms measurement techniques and approaches as well as their deployment within different organizational structures. In contrast to the traditional use of PM as an intra-organizational system, the emergence of networked operations, has extended organizational boundaries of Performance Management System (PMS) to new operational settings where actors often deal with a challenge of Collaborative Measures. Consequently, there is a significant lack of feedback and feedforward reporting mechanisms. This raises an important question for Performance Measurement & Management (PMM) literature. How do actors manage operations through inter- organizational performance measures? Hence, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate the management of collaborative measures in a quest to attain better operational performance for inter- organizational PM. The thesis builds on four studies investigating a collaborative PMS for capacity enhancements in airport operations. Due to their operational complexity and highly networked subsystems, airport operations provided a fitting empirical scene for studying PM that transcends organizational boundaries. Within the context of this thesis, airports are viewed as a System of System (SoS), and inter- organizational PM is investigated with the dimensions Organizational Complexity, Continuous Improvement and Social system. The studies use a multimethod approach, including longitudinal action research, multiple-case study, Systematic Literature Review (SLR), Classification and Regression Tree method (CART) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Method. The findings show that that (1) inter- organizational performance is affected by intrinsic Performance Measurement Complexity (PMC) which aggregates as interactive complexity with many actors. (2) The challenge of feedback and feedforward mechanisms as a dual control for collaborative performance is analysed with four cybernetic functions: sensor, commander, actuator and process. (3) The concept of Reflective Performance Measurement System (RPMS) is introduced with general conditions to facilitate collaborative decision-making within such platforms.This research was conducted within the framework of the European Doctorate in Industrial Management—EDIM, which is funded by the Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA) of the European Commission. QC 20170524
MASCA- Managing System Change in Aviation
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Tai, Wai-ying. "Airports in Hong Kong and Shenzhen competition and co-operation /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31566352.
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Burgain, Pierrick Antoine. "On the control of airport departure operations." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37261.
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This thesis is focused on airport departure operations; its objective is to assign a value to surface surveillance information within a collaborative framework.
The research develops a cooperative concept that improves the control of departure operations at busy airports and evaluates its merit using a classical and widely accepted airport departure model. The research then assumes departure operations are collaboratively controlled and develops a stochastic model of taxi operations on the airport surface. Finally, this study investigates the effect of feeding back different levels of surface surveillance information to the departure control process. More specifically, it examines the environmental and operational impact of aircraft surface location information on the taxi clearance process. Benefits are evaluated by measuring and comparing engine emissions for given runway utilization rates.
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Khadilkar, Harshad (Harshad Dilip). "Analysis and modeling of airport surface operations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67187.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-99).
The focus of research in air traffic control has traditionally been on the airborne flight phase. Recently, increasing the efficiency of surface operations has been recognized to have significant potential benefits in terms of fuel and emissions savings. To identify opportunities for improvement and to quantify the consequent gains in efficiency, it is necessary to characterize current operational practices. This thesis describes a framework for analysis of airport surface operations and proposes metrics to quantify operational performance. These metrics are then evaluated for Boston Logan International Airport using actual surface surveillance data. A probabilistic model for real-time prediction of aircraft taxi-out times is described, which improves upon the accuracy of previous models based on queuing theory and regression. Finally, a regression model for estimation of aircraft taxi-out fuel burn is described. Together, the modules described here form the basis for a surface operations optimization tool that is currently under development.
by Harshad Khadilkar.
S.M.
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Katz, Donald Samuel. "Revenue and operational impacts of depeaking flights at hub airports." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45953.
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Post deregulation, many U.S. airlines created hubs with banked schedules, however, in the past decade these same airlines began to experiment with depeaking their schedules to reduce costs and improve operational performance. To date there has been little research that has investigated revenue and operational shifts associated with depeaked schedules; yet understanding the trade-offs among revenue, costs, and operational performance at a network level is critical before airlines will consider future depeaking and related congestion-management strategies. This study develops data cleaning and analysis methodologies based on publicly available data that are used to quantify airport-level and network-level revenue and operational changes associated with schedule depeaking. These methodologies are applied to six case studies of airline depeaking over the past decade. Results show that depeaking is associated with revenue per available seat mile (RASM) increasing slower than the rest of the network and the industry as a whole. Depeaking is associated with improved operations for both the depeaking airlines and competitors. Airports benefit from increases in non-aeronautical sales associated with connecting passengers spending more time in the terminal. The underlying reasons driving airlines' scheduling decisions during depeaking vary greatly by case. Results from the study provide insights for airlines that are considering depeaking and the airports which are affected. The results suggest that losses in RASM and no improvement in operations could potentially lead an airline to repeak, and that RASM is prone to fall when a strong competitive threat exists.
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Garcia, Jose Mauro de Figueiredo. "A methodology for the comparative analysis of airport passenger terminal configuration." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1996. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/31872.
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The right choice between possible types of passenger terminal buildings is the key to a successful airport design project. Historically, in the earlier days of aviation the designer's concern was directed to aircraft and to the adequacy of the ground facilities which each airport provided. As the aviation grew, airport passenger buildings grew more complex and more expensive, to the point of being viewed as a key to the airport's economic performance. In this context, the process of selecting a terminal concept became fundamental for planning and designing airport terminal buildings. However, almost no methodology is available at the initial planning level for the selection of terminal concepts, and very little research has been done in this area.
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Echevarne, R. "Economic aspects of the Spanish airports." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309617.
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Islam, Shafiul, Adam Robertson, Carlin M. Kartchner, Daniel V. Sickinger, and John L. Eyre. "Situational Awareness Detection and Warning for Airport Operations." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146804.
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The operation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) presents several hazardous situations for both ground personnel and vehicles. Collisions between the UAV and other objects can have very negative consequences resulting in potentially high costs as well as injuries or even death of human personnel. When we were approached by Northrop Grumman, they were searching for a way to mitigate these limitations by providing increased situational awareness in the region surrounding their UAV while it was in transit on the ground. After weighing the variety of options available to us we settled on the use of computer vision as our solution because it provided the greatest potential for success with our limited budget. Computer vision works by taking images received from simple digital cameras and processing them to provide the localization information we need. Through our efforts we have been able to design and build a scalable system that can isolate objects and generate both visual and audio warnings when other objects approach too close. The completed system offers an overhead display of the airfield, live video of the scene, scalable network architecture, and clear audio warnings.
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Neo, Kai Ling. "Analysis of airside operations at Singapore Changi Airport." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123235.
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Thesis: S.M. in Transportation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2019Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 103-105).
Air travel demand has been on an upward trend in recent years, and airports have thus become increasingly congested. To alleviate airport congestion, building new infrastructure such as runways to improve capacity is an obvious solution but it is highly expensive and has a long lead time. In the short term, airport managers and operators have to learn to utilize current capacity more efficiently instead. This begins with the understanding of the current operations and then identifying areas for improvement to better utilize the available capacity. In this thesis, we present a data-driven approach to analyze airport surface operations. The methodology is presented using data from Singapore's Changi Airport, one of the busiest airports in the world and a major transportation hub for Southeast Asia. The current operations at the airport is characterized using multiple data sources to identify inefficiencies such as surface congestion and unsatisfactory runway occupancy times.
Using the airport characterization, we develop queuing models for the departure process to estimate congestion-related delays and taxi-out times. The taxi-out time estimates from the queuing models have the potential to improve predictability as well as aid in the decision making process to reduce congestion on the airport surface. In order to reduce congestion, many major airports around the world, including Changi Airport, are improving their capacity by adding additional runways. To better understand the impact of additional runways, we present a detailed capacity analysis with Changi Airport as a case study. Using empirical and theoretical capacity estimates, along with historical data on the impact of airport expansion from similar airports such as Charlotte Douglas International Airport, we estimate the short-term and long-term improvements in throughput at Changi Airport.
The analysis and models built in this thesis thus aim to aid Changi Airport's efforts in alleviating congestion in both the short term and the long term, by providing insights on areas for improvement for current operations and potential impacts of future operational decisions.
by Kai Ling Neo.
S.M. in Transportation
S.M.inTransportation Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
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Carlson, Valerie, and Bénédicte Lindblom. "Airport ground operations through the lens of human-technology systems : a descriptive case study of ground operations at a Swedish airport." Thesis, KTH, Ergonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-291871.
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Summary Aim: The aim with the study was to explore the work conditions of the Ground staff performing unloading and loading from an HTO perspective, and to identify areas for improvement. Research questions: 1. Which factors are important for the work performance? 2. To what degree do the employees follow the work instructions regarding the use of the equipment on the ramp? 3. Which recommendations can be provided to improve work performance at ramp operations and minimize risks for accidents? Background: Ramp operations have, according to Studic et al., (2017), repeatedly been estimated as one of the areas with the highest, still increasing, safety risks. Passenier, Sharpanskykh and de Boer (2015) also confirms how the work within the ramp operations, and performance of unloading and loading, is an area with high risks of injuries and deaths. Methods: The study was conducted with a qualitative research approach and Descriptive Case study design (Baxter & Jacks, 2008). Results: Five categories were found; time pressure, “safety mindset”, education, culture and equipment. The findings also showed that the employees prioritize the safety of the aircraft rather than their own safety. Conclusions: Out of the five factors, time pressure and equipment are the factors in the environment which the respondents have to work in line with to make it function in the environment.
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Luk, Kapo Rose Maria. "A study of the applications of operational research in the planning and design of airports." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21128686.
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Harsha, Pavithra. "Mitigating airport congestion : market mechanisms and airline response models." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46387.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2009.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 157-165).
Efficient allocation of scarce resources in networks is an important problem worldwide. In this thesis, we focus on resource allocation problems in a network of congested airports. The increasing demand for access to the world's major commercial airports combined with the limited operational capacity at many of these airports have led to growing air traffic congestion resulting in several billion dollars of delay cost every year. In this thesis, we study two demand-management techniques -- strategic and operational approaches -- to mitigate airport congestion. As a strategic initiative, auctions have been proposed to allocate runway slot capacity. We focus on two elements in the design of such slot auctions -- airline valuations and activity rules. An aspect of airport slot market environments, which we argue must be considered in auction design, is the fact that the participating airlines are budget-constrained. -- The problem of finding the best bundle of slots on which to bid in an iterative combinatorial auction, also called the preference elicitation problem, is a particularly hard problem, even more in the case of airlines in a slot auction. We propose a valuation model, called the Aggregated Integrated Airline Scheduling and Fleet Assignment Model, to help airlines understand the true value of the different bundles of slots in the auction. This model is efficient and was found to be robust to data uncertainty in our experimental simulations.
(cont.) -- Activity rules are checks made by the auctioneer at the end of every round to suppress strategic behavior by bidders and to promote consistent, continual preference elicitation. These rules find applications in several real world scenarios including slot auctions. We show that the commonly used activity rules are not applicable for slot auctions as they prevent straightforward behavior by budget-constrained bidders. We propose the notion of a strong activity rule which characterizes straightforward bidding strategies. We then show how a strong activity rule in the context of budget-constrained bidders (and quasilinear bidders) can be expressed as a linear feasibility problem. This work on activity rules also applies to more general iterative combinatorial auctions.We also study operational (real-time) demand-management initiatives that are used when there are sudden drops in capacity at airports due to various uncertainties, such as bad-weather. We propose a system design that integrates the capacity allocation, airline recovery and inter-airline slot exchange procedures, and suggest metrics to evaluate the different approaches to fair allocations.
by Pavithra Harsha.
Ph.D.
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Zhong, Caoyuan. "Modeling of Airport Operations Using an Object-Oriented Approach." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30486.
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This research develops an object-oriented approach to model airport ground network traffic operations. A generic modeling library is developed as a tool kit to model the basic traffic operations in the airfield using an object-oriented approach. The proposed generic modeling library for airfield operations is a collection of predefined abstract components implemented in the Java object-oriented programming language. Classes are defined and used as the basic components in a variety of airfield operation modeling, simulations, and optimizations.
The generic airport modeling framework consists of a set the components that are necessary for modeling the basic activities of airfield traffic operations. By using the multi-threading techniques, components are integrated into the proposed modeling framework. Unlike traditional sequential simulation model, this framework organizes simulation activities into four major groups which are: flight schedule, aircraft movement, time, and animation. Instead of using built-in control logic, the framework adapts an open system policy which gives the flexibility to the end users to incorporate the user-preferred control logic into the end models. Another purpose in this research is to provide a future mechanism to study airfield ground traffic automated control systems with Just-In-Time forecasting and model system performance in a real-time ATC environment. The proposed generic library could be implemented into a Internet/intranet ready application which can query real time information and provide real time advice to pilots and air traffic controllers. This study is one of a few current research projects that are of using multiple threading technique to study traffic operation problems.
The proposed generic library is originally implemented with C++ and, in the final stage, with Java, a truly cross-platform object-oriented language. Application written in Java can run on most of the mainstream computer operating systems without modifications. Although the proposed library is for airfield traffic control system, it could also be extended into air traffic control system as well as advanced transportation system.Ph. D.
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Wang, Qing. "Performance Evaluation and Integrated Management of Airport Surface Operations." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5609.
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The demand for aviation has been steadily growing over the past few decades and will keep increasing in the future. The anticipated growth of traffic demand will cause the current airspace system, one that is already burdened by heavy operations and inefficient usage, to become even more congested than its current state. Because busy airports in the United States (U.S.) are becoming "bottlenecks" of the National Airspace System (NAS), it is of great importance to discover the most efficient means of using existing facilities to improve airport operations.
This dissertation aims at designing an efficient airport surface operations management system that substantially contributes to the modernized NAS. First, a global comparison is conducted in the major airports within the U.S. and Europe in order to understand, compare, and explore the differences of surface operational efficiency in two systems. The comparison results are then presented for each airport pair with respect to various operational performance metrics, as well as airport capacity and different demand patterns. A detailed summary of the associated Air Traffic Management (ATM) strategies that are implemented in the U.S. and Europe can be found towards the end of this work. These strategies include: a single Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP) in the U.S. and multiple ANSPs in Europe, airline scheduling and demand management differences, mixed usage of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) and Visual Flight Rules (VFR) operations in the U.S., and varying gate management policies in two regions.
For global comparison, unimpeded taxi time is the reference time used for measuring taxi performance. It has been noted that different methodologies are currently used to benchmark taxi times by the performance analysis groups in the U.S. and Europe, namely the Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) and EUROCONTROL. The consistent methodology to measure taxi efficiency is needed for the facilitation of global benchmarking. Therefore, after an in-depth factual comparison conducted for two varying methodologies, new methods to measure unimpeded taxi times are explored through various tools, including simulation software and projection of historical surveillance data. Moreover, a sophisticated statistical model is proposed as a state-of-the-art method to measure taxi efficiency while quantifying the impact of various factors to taxi inefficiency and supporting decision-makers with reliable measurements to improve the operational performance.
Lastly, a real-time integrated airport surface operations management (RTI-ASOM) is presented to fulfil the third objective of this dissertation. It provides optimal trajectories for each aircraft between gates and runways with the objective of minimizing taxi delay and maximizing runway throughput. The use of Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MIP) formulation, Dynamic Programming for decomposition, and CPLEX optimization can permit the use of an efficient solution algorithm that can instantly solve the large-scale optimization problem. Examples are shown based on one-day track data at LaGuardia Airport (LGA) in New York City. In additional to base scenarios with historical data, simulation through MATLAB is constructed to provide further comparable scenarios, which can demonstrate a significant reduction of taxi times and improvement of runway utilization in RTI-ASOM. By strategically holding departures at gates, the application of RTI-ASOM also reduces excess delay on the airport surface, decreases fuel consumption at airports, and mitigates the consequential environmental impacts.
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Wong, Chiu-fai, and 黃朝輝. "The impacts of self-service check-in on the airport's operation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/199870.
Full textAbstract:
There is an increasing trend in self-service check-in (SSCI) utilization. SSCI would impact the passenger flow and baggage flow in airport operation because of the reduction of check-in processing time and the change of passenger arrival time to the airport.
This dissertation is using the simulation model to simulate the passenger flow and a demand analysis model to calculate the baggage flow under various SSCI utilization rate for the assessment of the impacts on airport operation.
The simulation results suggest that the higher the SSCI utilization rate, the shorter the queue length and waiting time at the check-in desks. However, the bottleneck would be potentially relocated to the downstream passenger security check and emigration process. Nevertheless, the increasing SSCI utilization provides room for the reduction of check-in desk without compromising the service level provided to passenger. On the other hand, the baggage system demand analysis is based on the modified arrival profile with addressing later passenger arrival time due to perception of shorter in-airport time. The results show that the later the passenger arriving at airport, the less the make-up devices required for the baggage handling system, which reduces the operation cost and delays the need for baggage hall expansion.
Increasing SSCI utilization would bring both opportunities and challenges to the airport operation and this dissertation provides a study framework to assess the impacts on airport operation which could be applied by the airport operators. Airport operator could develop a more accurate and realistic simulation model and demand analysis model with real data collected from regular surveys and use them to forecast the service level and facility requirement with the change of SSCI utilization. As a result, airport operator can have a better facility planning to achieve cost-effectiveness and provide satisfactory service level to passenger.published_or_final_version
Transport Policy and Planning
Master
Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning
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Pinon, Olivia Julie. "A methodology for the valuation and selection of adaptable technology portfolios and its application to small and medium airports." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43632.
Full textAbstract:
The increase in the types of airspace users (large aircraft, small and regional jets, very light jets, unmanned aerial vehicles, etc.), as well as the very limited number of future new airport development projects are some of the factors that will characterize the next decades in air transportation. These factors, associated with a persistent growth in air traffic will worsen the current gridlock situation experienced at some major airports. As airports are becoming the major capacity bottleneck to continued growth in air traffic, it is therefore primordial to make the most efficient use of the current, and very often, underutilized airport infrastructure. This research thus proposes to address the increase in air traffic demand and resulting capacity issues by considering the implementation of operational concepts and technologies at underutilized airports. However, there are many challenges associated with sustaining the development of this type of airports. First, the need to synchronize evolving technologies with airports' needs and investment capabilities is paramount. Additionally, it was observed that the evolution of secondary airports, and their needs, is tightly linked to the environment in which they operate. In particular, sensitivity of airports to changes in the dynamics of their environment is important, therefore requiring that the factors that drive the need for capacity expansion be identified and characterized. Finally, the difficulty to evaluate risk and make financially viable decisions, particularly when investing in new technologies, cannot be ignored. This work thus focuses on the development of a methodology to address these challenges and ensure the sustainability of airport capacity-enhancement investments in a continuously changing environment. The four-step process developed in this research leverages the benefits yielded by impact assessment techniques, system dynamics modeling, and real options analysis to 1) provide the decision maker with a rigorous, structured, and traceable process for technology selection, 2) assess the combined impact of interrelated technologies, 3) support the translation of technology impact factors into airport performance indicators, and help identify the factors that drive the need for capacity expansion, and finally 4) enable the quantitative assessment of the strategic value of embedding flexibility in the formulation of technology portfolios and investment options. The proposed methodology demonstrates, through a change in demand at the airport modeled, the importance of being able to weigh both the technological and strategic performance of the technology portfolios considered. Hence, by capturing the time dimension and technology causality impacts in technology portfolio selection, this work helps identify key technologies or technology groupings, and assess their performance on airport metrics. By embedding flexibility in the formulation of investment scenarios, it provides the decision maker with a more accurate picture of the options available to him, as well as the time and sequence under which these should be exercised.
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Idris, Husni Rifat. "Queuing dynamics and control of departure operations at Boston Logan Airport." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8775.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-95).
The Departure Planner (DP) is a concept for a decision-aiding tool that is aimed at improving the performance of departure operations at major congested airports. In order to support the development of DP tools and other improved methods for departure operations, this thesis is an effort to gain a deep understanding of the underlying dynamics of the departure process based on field observations and data analysis conducted at Boston Logan International Airport. It was observed that the departure process is a complex interactive queuing system and a highly controlled system as the air traffic controllers manage the traffic. Based on these observations, a core departure process abstraction was posed which consists of a queuing element that represents the delays and a control element that represents the air traffic controller actions. Namely, the abstraction represents the control element by blocking the flow of aircraft in order to maintain the safe operation of the airport resources according to the A TC rules and procedures and to regulate the outbound flow to constrained downstream resources. Based on this physical abstraction, an analytical queuing framework was posed and used to analyze the departure process dynamics under different scenarios: the overall departure process between pushback and takeoff, departure sub-processes between controller/pilot communication events and under the effect of downstream restrictions. Passing was used as a manifestation of the control behavior, where passing results mainly from sequencing of aircraft and their suspension under special circumstances such as downstream restrictions. Insights about the departure process queuing dynamics and control behavior are discussed. In particular it was observed that at Logan airport there is a high level of uncertainty and a limited level of sequencing control, hindering the ability of the air traffic controllers to manage the traffic efficiently and in compliance with restrictions.
by Husni Rifat Idris.
S.M.
27
Chung, Carl Yuk Kay. "Managing ramp operations at airport : issues, models and solution methods /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?IEEM%202005%20CHUNG.
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Ashiabor, Senanu Y. "Development of an Airport Choice Model for General Aviation Operations." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34398.
Full textAbstract:
The General Aviation Airport Choice model is an attempt to model General Aviation (GA) travel patterns in the US in order to provide a means of assessing the impact of General Aviation activities on the National Air Space system. The model will also serve as part of transportation planning tool to help assess the viability of deploying NASA's Small Aircraft Transportation Systems (SATS) aircraft as a competitive mode of transportation for intercity travel.
The General Aviation Airport Choice model developed estimates General Aviation (GA) person-trips and number of aircraft operations given trip demand in the form of GA person trips from counties. A pseudo-gravity model is embedded in the model to distribute the inter-county person-trips to a prescribed set of airports in the US. The airport-to-airport person-trips are split into person-trips by three aircraft modes (single, multi and jet engine) using an attractiveness factor based on average occupancy, utilization and a distance distribution factor for each aircraft type and the number of aircraft based at each airport. The person-trips by aircraft type are then converted to aircraft operations using occupancy factors for each aircraft type.
The final output from the model are aircraft operations trip-tables by aircraft type between the airports in the model. The GA trips are estimated in order to provide a means of assessing the impact of GA activities on the National Airspace System. The model output may be used to assess the viability of GA aircraft serving as a competitive mode of transportation for intercity travel.Master of Science
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Jimenez, Hernando. "A strategic planning approach for the operational-environmental problem of air transportation system terminal areas." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31761.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D)--Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.Committee Member: Dr. Fayette Collier; Committee Member: Prof. Daniel Schrage; Committee Member: Prof. Dimitri N. Mavris; Committee Member: Prof. John Leonard; Committee Member: Prof. John-Paul Clarke. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Schorr, Raphael Avram 1976. "Marginal social cost auctions for congested airport facilities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84837.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2002."September 2002."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-97).
by Raphael Avram Schorr.
S.M.
M.Eng.
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Tai, Wai-ying, and 戴慧瑩. "Airports in Hong Kong and Shenzhen: competition and co-operation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31566352.
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Shen, Ni. "Prediction of International Flight Operations at U.S. Airports." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35687.
Full textAbstract:
This report presents a top-down methodology to forecast annual international flight operations at sixty-six U.S. airports, whose combined operations accounted for 99.8% of the total international passenger flight operations in National Airspace System (NAS) in 2004. The forecast of international flight operations at each airport is derived from the combination of passenger flight operations at the airport to ten World Regions. The regions include: Europe, Asia, Africa, South America, Mexico, Canada, Caribbean and Central America, Middle East, Oceania and U.S. International. In the forecast, a "top-down" methodology is applied in three steps. In the fist step, individual linear regression models are developed to forecast the total annual international passenger enplanements from the U.S. to each of nine World Regions. The resulting regression models are statistically valid and have parameters that are credible in terms of signs and magnitude. In the second step, the forecasted passenger enplanements are distributed among international airports in the U.S. using individual airport market share factors. The airport market share analysis conducted in this step concludes that the airline business is the critical factor explaining the changes associated with airport market share. In the third and final step, the international passenger enplanements at each airport are converted to flight operations required for transporting the passengers. In this process, average load factor and average seats per aircraft are used.
The model has been integrated into the Transportation Systems Analysis Model (TSAM), a comprehensive intercity transportation planning tool. Through a simple graphic user interface implemented in the TSAM model, the user can test different future scenarios by defining a series of scaling factors for GDP, load factor and average seats per aircraft. The default values for the latter two variables are predefined in the model using 2004 historical data derived from Department of Transportation T100 international segment data.
Master of Science
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Rosa, Miriam Lobato da. "Airport ground movement scheduling." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17052.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Matemática e AplicaçõesO tráfego aéreo no mundo está em crescimento e para a maioria dos aeroportos não e uma opção expandir os terminais ou as pistas, fazendo com que estes tentem maximizar a eficiência operacional. Muitos aeroportos estão a operar perto da sua capacidade m áxima. Horas de ponta implicam engarrafamentos e causam simultâneos atrasos ao longo de toda a cadeia de operações com consequências para passageiros, companhias aéreas e aeroportos. Por estes motivos há uma necessidade de otimização dos movimentos no solo que ocorrem nos aeroportos. Existem três grandes problemas no que diz respeito as operações dos aeroportos: o sequenciamento das partidas e chegadas; a gestão das operações que precedem a "luz verde" para que o avião possa sair do stand; e os movimentos no solo entre o stand e a pista (e o oposto). O âmbito deste trabalho enquadra-se nos movimentos no solo que interagem com os dois outros problemas de sequenciamento mencionados e fornece decisões em tempo real. O problema dos movimentos terrestres consiste em estabelecer o roteamento dos aviões desde o stand até a pista para levantarem voo, ou no caminho inverso, e sequenciar os seus movimentos. A nossa abordagem consiste numa otimização rápida que considera um conjunto de aviões a moverem-se de, e para, a pista, e uma rede condicionada pela planta do aeroporto. Considera, ainda, restrições tais como: de rota; separações entre aviões devido ao jet blast; velocidade de cada avião; de tempo para chegadas e partidas, num ambiente em constante mudança. O objetivo e minimizar o consumo de combustível enquanto os aviões estão no solo (da perspetiva das companhias aéreas) e minimizar o tempo despendido em cada slot de janela temporal na ocupação do espaço terrestre do aeroporto, garantindo todas as regras de segurança. Também os passageiros e o ambiente beneficiam de um conjunto de movimentações em terra otimizadas. A otimização proposta fornece uma solução heuristica rápida para cada evento em tempo real respeitando todas as regras estabelecidas no Ad- vanced Surface Movement, Guidance and Control Systems (A-SMGCS) da Organização Internacional de Aviação Civil (ICAO).
Worldwide air tra c tends to increase and for many airports it's no longer an option to expand terminals and runways, so airports are trying to maximize their operational e ciency. Many airports already operate near their maximum capacity. Peak hours imply operational bottlenecks and cause chained delays across ights impacting passenger, airlines and airports. Therefore there is a need for the optimization of the ground movements at the airports. There are three major problems concerning airport operations: the departures and arrivals sequencing on the runways; the sta management operations preceding the green light for aircraft to leave the gate; and the ground movement between the gate and the runway (and reverse). The scope of this work is the ground movement problem that interacts with the other two scheduling problems mentioned and provides decisions in real-time. The ground movement problem consists of routing the planes from the gate to the runway for takeo or on reverse path, and to schedule their movements. Our approach proposes a fast optimization system that considers a set of planes moving to and from a set of runways along a given road network conditioned by the airport ground layout. It considers constraints such as the route constraints, separation between aircrafts due to jet blast, aircraft movement speeds, timing constraints for arrivals and departures in a constantly changing environment. The objective is to minimize fuel consumptions on the ground (from the airline perspective) and to minimize the time spent on the time window slot for occupying the airport ground (from the airports perspective) while granting all safety regulations at all times. Also passengers and the environment bene t from an optimized ground movement. The optimization approach proposed provides a fast heuristic solution for each real-time event generated respecting all the rules established by Advanced Surface Movement, Guidance and Control Systems (ASMGCS) of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
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Sahyoun, Alexandre Paul. "Application of aircraft sequencing to minimize departure delays at a busy airport." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92700.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 73-74).
In the face of large increases in the number of passengers and flights, busy airports worldwide have been trying to optimize operating efficiency and throughput and minimize congestion on a daily basis. In the case of departures, measures can be taken at the gate, on the taxiway system or at the runway queue to minimize departure delays and/or the cost of unavoidable delays. This cost includes needless fuel consumption and noxious emissions. In this thesis, we focus primarily on runway queue optimization. The first part of this work consists of designing a generic simulation which models specific days of operations at an airport. Using as input the schedule of operations specific to the modeled airport, the simulation processes all departures and stores the characteristic times of the process for each departing aircraft. The quantities of interest are either incrementally computed by the simulation or modeled using probability distributions derived from airport-specific data. We then present a dynamic programming approach to sequencing departing aircraft at the runway queue. Two algorithms are presented based on the idea of Constrained Position Shifting, which maintains a high level of fairness in the order in which aircraft gain access to runways, while also improving efficiency by comparison to First Come First Served sequencing. The objective of the first algorithm is to minimize makespan, and that of the second to minimize delays. We then focus on a specific airport, which has been experiencing one of the fastest growth rates in the industry. We analyze the output of our simulation as applied to this airport and accumulate insights about congestion at the departure runways. We next apply this sequencing algorithm to this specific airport using multiple demand profiles that represent both the current traffic levels, as well as anticipated future ones that would result in more congestion. We give quantitative arguments to confirm the positive impact of the optimization on the airport's operations. We also emphasize the importance of the aircraft mix on the techniques' performance and show that the sequencing algorithms provide higher benefits (in terms of reducing delays) as the mix becomes more heterogeneous.
by Alexandre Paul Sahyoun.
S.M.
35
Pfeil, Diana Michalek. "Optimization of airport terminal-area air traffic operations under uncertain weather conditions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67716.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2011.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-158).
Convective weather is responsible for large delays and widespread disruptions in the U.S. National Airspace System, especially during summer. Although Air Traffic Flow Management algorithms exist to schedule and route traffic in the face of disruptions, they require reliable forecasts of airspace capacity. However, there exists a gap between the spatial and temporal accuracy of aviation weather forecasts (and existing capacity models) and what these algorithms assume. In this thesis we consider the problem of integrating currently available convective weather forecasts with air traffic management in terminal airspace (near airports). We first demonstrate how raw convective weather forecasts, which provide deterministic predictions of the Vertically Integrated Liquid (the precipitation content in a column of airspace) can be translated into reliable and accurate probabilistic fore- casts of whether or not a terminal-area route will be blocked. Given a flight route through the terminal-area, we apply techniques from machine learning to determine the probability that the route will be open in actual weather. This probabilistic route blockage predictor is then used to optimize terminal-area operations. We develop an integer programming formulation for a 2-dimensional model of terminal airspace that dynamically moves arrival and departure routes to maximize expected capacity. Experiments using real weather scenarios on stormy days show that our algorithms recommend that a terminal-area route be modified 30% of the time, opening up 13% more available routes during these scenarios. The error rate is low, with only 5% of cases corresponding to a modified route being blocked while the original route is in fact open. In addition, for routes predicted to be open with probability 0.95 or greater by our method, 96% of these routes are indeed open (on average) in the weather that materializes. In the final part of the thesis we consider more realistic models of terminal airspace routing and structure. We develop an A*-based routing algorithm that identifies 3-D routes through airspace that adhere to physical aircraft constraints during climb and descent, are conflict-free, and are likely to avoid convective weather hazards. The proposed approach is aimed at improving traffic manager decision-making in today's operational environment.
by Diana Michalek Pfeil.
Ph.D.
36
Venturini, Alceste. "Systems engineering framework to assess the effect of very large capacity aircraft in airport operations." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07292009-090538/.
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Kaduoka, Carlos Yoshihiro. "The assessment of the relationship between information technology (IT) and airport performance." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2016. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/12382.
Full textAbstract:
The evolution of the airport business is demonstrated by airports that are adopting
new business strategies and commercial models, which allow them to be, for
example, service providers instead of real-estate managers, with the focus on
cost reduction and increasing non-aeronautical (commercial) revenues.
Information technology (IT) can be used by airports to achieve their business
goals, such as enhancing performance by delivering cost reductions and
generating additional revenue streams.
Airports operate in an increasingly competitive and dynamic market, with the aim
of attracting a larger share of hub traffic from neighbouring airports. Therefore,
financial and operational performance will be key elements for airlines when
choosing a new airport destination.
The research shows that airports are more focused on passenger satisfaction,
resulting in airport performance indicators that have the passenger at its
operational core and performance targets (e.g. Airport Service Quality passenger
satisfaction survey). IT plays an important role in increasing airport performance
through the automation of processes such as the deployment of common-use
check-in desks and self-service check-in kiosks. Studies of other industries have
shown evidence that IT impacts firm performance, but there have been few
studies related to the airport industry.
Thus, the aim of this research is to assess the relationship between IT and airport
performance, and it proposes a conceptual framework to assess the relationship
between IT and airport performance by drawing from studies in other industries.
Two methodologies were used in this research, the first one was the case study,
and the second one was the online survey. The case studies consisted of 16 faceto-
face interviews with senior staff representing two airports in Asia, one airport
in Australia, and one airport in Europe. The case studies result show that there is
a relationship between IT and airport performance ... [cont.].
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Sölveling, Gustaf. "Stochastic programming methods for scheduling of airport runway operations under uncertainty." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44842.
Full textAbstract:
Runway systems at airports have been identified as a major source of delay in the aviation system and efficient runway operations are, therefore, important to maintain and/or increase the capacity of the entire aviation system. The goal of the airport runway scheduling problem is to schedule a set of aircraft and minimize a given objective while maintaining separation requirements and enforcing other operational constraints. Uncertain factors such as weather, surrounding traffic and pilot behavior affect when aircraft can be scheduled, and these factors need to be considered in planning models. In this thesis we propose two stochastic programs to address the stochastic airport runway scheduling problem and similarly structured machine scheduling problems.
In the first part, we develop a two-stage stochastic integer programming model and analyze it by developing alternative formulations and solution methods. As part of our analysis, we first show that a restricted version of the stochastic runway scheduling problem is equivalent to a machine scheduling problem on a single machine with sequence dependent setup times and stochastic due dates. We then extend this restricted model by considering characteristics specific to the runway scheduling problem and present two different stochastic integer programming models. We derive some tight valid inequalities for these formulations, and we propose a solution methodology based on sample average approximation and Lagrangian based scenario decomposition. Realistic data sets are then used to perform a detailed computational study involving implementations and analyses of several different configurations of the models. The results from the computational tests indicate that practically implementable truncated versions of the proposed solution algorithm almost always produce very high quality solutions.
In the second part, we propose a sampling based stochastic program for a general machine scheduling problem with similar characteristics as the airport runway scheduling problem. The sampling based approach allows us to capture more detailed aspects of the problem, such as taxiway operations crossing active runways. The model is based on the stochastic branch and bound algorithm with several enhancements to improve the computational performance. More specifically, we incorporate a method to dynamically update the sample sizes in various parts of the branching tree, effectively decreasing the runtime without worsening the solution quality. When applied to runway scheduling, the algorithm is able to produce schedules with makespans that are 5% to 7% shorter than those obtained by optimal deterministic methods.
Additional contributions in this thesis include the development of a global cost function, capturing all relevant costs in airport runway scheduling and trading off different, sometimes conflicting, objectives. We also analyze the impact of including environmental factors in the scheduling process.
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Clare, Gillian Louise. "Optimization of routing, sequencing and scheduling in airport ground movement operations." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535200.
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Idris, Husni Rifat. "Observation and analysis of departure operations at Boston Logan International Airport." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8862.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-203).
In order to support the development of improved methods for departure operations, the flow constraints and their causalities --primarily responsible for inefficiencies and delays-- need to be identified. This thesis is an effort to identify such flow constraints and gain a deep understanding of the departure process underlying dynamics based on field observations and analysis conducted at Boston Logan International Airport. It was observed that the departure process forms a complex interactive queuing system and is highly controlled by the air traffic controllers. Therefore, Flow constraints were identified with airport resources (runways, taxiways, ramp and gates) and with air traffic controllers due to their workload and control strategies. While departure delays were observed in all airport components, flow constraints manifested mainly at the runway system, where the longest delays and queues concentrated. Major delays and inefficiencies were also observed due to flow constraints at National Air Space locations downstream of the airport, which propagate back and block the departure flow from the airport. The air traffic controllers' main strategies in managing the traffic and dealing with the flow constraints were also identified.
(cont.) Based on these observations, a core departure process abstraction was posed consisting of a queuing element (representing the delays) and a control element (representing the air traffic controller actions). The control element represents blocking the aircraft flow, to maintain safe airport operation according to Air Traffic Control procedures and to regulate the outbound flow to constrained downstream resources. Based on this physical abstraction, an analytical queuing framework was developed and used to analyze the departure process dynamics under three different scenarios: the overall process between pushback and takeoff, departure sub-processes between controller/pilot communication events and under downstream restrictions. Passing which results mainly from aircraft sequencing and their suspension under special circumstances (such as downstream restrictions) was used as a manifestation of the control behavior. It was observed that Logan Airport exhibits high uncertainty and limited sequencing, hindering the air traffic controllers' ability to efficiently manage the traffic and comply with restrictions. In conclusion, implications for improved methods for departure operations are inferred from the observations and analysis.
by Husni Rifat Idris.
Ph.D.
41
Liang, Vivian Wei. "Engaging with sustainability in everyday transitions : an ethnographic study of an international airport operator." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/engaging-with-sustainability-in-everyday-transitions-an-ethnographic-study-of-an-international-airport-operator(266235f9-22df-46dd-a14c-a9c16bde89cc).html.
Full textAbstract:
The past decade has seen the emergence of the Transitions Management theory rise to fame as the leading approach for dealing with the complex problem of sustainability. Its underlining principle considers sustainability as inherently difficult and requiring radical system changes to the wider society. Defined as a deliberative and prescriptive framework, it sets to influence governance activities through a gradual structured process. However, concerns have been raised which question the scope and practice of Transitions Management, including the criticism of its simplistic and narrow view, focussing primarily on technological innovations and policy influence while having little reflection on the dynamics and social relations involved in transitions. This research thesis aims to develop further insights to understand better the dynamics within the transitional process towards sustainability. By looking at the case of an international airport’s ongoing efforts to become more sustainable, this thesis argues that the social dynamics offer a significant contribution to the shaping of a sustainability agenda, by enabling practices that also seem vital in the framework of Transitions Management. This thesis applied ethnography as the primary approach to this research inquiry. The data collection involved qualitative interviews, documentary analysis, and participant observations spanning over 18 months between the periods of 2010-2012. Drawing on the critical studies of management and organisational theories, the research focus was on addressing the three key questions of what is the sustainability agenda, who decided on the agenda and how has the agenda been decided, within the context of airport operations. While other key issues have emerged from this research study, those aspects have underlined the tensions constituted in the everyday practices of an airports operations, how the conditions of tensions have enabled a positive influence, and how this is seen as significant to contribute to the theoretical understanding for dealing with the sustainability transitions process. Building on this perspective, this thesis further explored the dynamics of the individuals’ struggle, and suggests that it is part of a sense making process that also helps to construct the meaning of sustainability. In addition, it has identified how this experience of struggle has facilitated resistance “for changes” among individuals, and how this permits positive outcomes which are continuously shaping the agenda of sustainability and practices at the Airport.
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Öttl, Gerald [Verfasser]. "Impact Evaluation of Air Transport Concepts on Global Airport Operations / Gerald Öttl." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1055863222/34.
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Ouerghi, Nabil. "Modeling airport ground operations using Discrete Event Simulation (DES) and X3D visualization." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/08Mar%5FOuerghi.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Modeling, Virtual Environments and Simulation (MOVES))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Brutzman, Don ; Buss, Arnold ; Norbraten,Terry. "March 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on May 5, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-90). Also available in print.
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Sandberg, Melanie (Melanie Jean). "Applications of ASDE-X Data to the analysis of airport surface operations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74469.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M. in Transportation)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 133).
While much attention has been given to analyzing and optimizing problems in air transportation, relatively little research has gone into studying airport surface operations. In recent years a surface surveillance system called Airport Surface Detection Equipment, Model-X (ASDE-X) has been installed at over 30 airports in the US as a safety device. The applications of the data being captured by these systems are far broader than just promoting safety. In this thesis, it will be demonstrated how ASDE-X data can be analyzed to characterize airport operations, and how it might be used going forward in real-time. The process of converting the raw ASDE-X data into a useable format will be discussed. Then, an analysis of airport operations at LaGuardia Airport and Philadelphia Airport will be presented using three months of summer data. These airports will be studied both in an aggregate fashion as well as for individual runway configurations. Finally, a case study of an Android tablet application will be presented as a next step in automation for aiding airport traffic operations.
by Melanie Sandberg.
S.M.in Transportation
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Parker, Kenneth William. "Organising mobility : a sociological investigation of the operations of an international airport." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16128/1/Kenneth_Parker_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Mobility on a global scale as a product of increased interconnectivity has been a subject of interest for writers working within various disciplines in the social sciences and beyond. Few accounts, however, examine how mobility is performed by the operations of international airports. Through data acquired in interviews conducted with the management of an international airport administration, this project adds to existing accounts of mobility with an examination of the strategies, techniques, and performances that allow an international airport to operate, and which in turn, enable transportation worldwide. To analyse an airport as an organisation, this project employs a model advocated in John Law's (1994) influential study Organizing Modernity. Law's (1994) framework focuses attention on the often hidden performances within organisations that strain towards governance, regulation, durability, and routine. Incorporating Law's (1994) framework, this project illuminates aspects of an airport's operation in four thematic chapters, 'Ordering'; 'Communication'; 'Materials'; and 'Space'. Overall, this project depicts the international airport as a complex socio-technical assemblage that requires multiple, varied, and interwoven ordering performances to operate effectively.
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Parker, Kenneth William. "Organising Mobility: A Sociological Investigation of the Operations of an International Airport." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16128/.
Full textAbstract:
Mobility on a global scale as a product of increased interconnectivity has been a subject of interest for writers working within various disciplines in the social sciences and beyond. Few accounts, however, examine how mobility is performed by the operations of international airports. Through data acquired in interviews conducted with the management of an international airport administration, this project adds to existing accounts of mobility with an examination of the strategies, techniques, and performances that allow an international airport to operate, and which in turn, enable transportation worldwide. To analyse an airport as an organisation, this project employs a model advocated in John Law's (1994) influential study Organizing Modernity. Law's (1994) framework focuses attention on the often hidden performances within organisations that strain towards governance, regulation, durability, and routine. Incorporating Law's (1994) framework, this project illuminates aspects of an airport's operation in four thematic chapters, 'Ordering'; 'Communication'; 'Materials'; and 'Space'. Overall, this project depicts the international airport as a complex socio-technical assemblage that requires multiple, varied, and interwoven ordering performances to operate effectively.
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Frankovich, Michael Joseph. "Air traffic flow management at airports : a unified optimization approach." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77826.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 137-140).
The cost of air traffic delays is well documented, and furthermore, it is known that the significant proportion of delays is incurred at airports. Much of the air traffic flow management literature focuses on traffic flows between airports in a network, and when studies have focused on optimizing airport operations, they have focused largely on a single aspect at a time. In this thesis, we fill an important gap in the literature by proposing unified approaches, on both strategic and tactical levels, to optimizing the traffic flowing through an airport. In particular, we consider the entirety of key problems faced at an airport: a) selecting a runway configuration sequence; b) determining the balance of arrivals and departures to be served; c) assigning flights to runways and determining their sequence; d) determining the gate-holding duration of departures and speedcontrol of arrivals; and e) routing flights to their assigned runway and onwards within the terminal area. In the first part, we propose an optimization approach to solve in a unified manner the strategic problems (a) and (b) above, which are addressed manually today, despite their importance. We extend the model to consider a group of neighboring airports where operations at different airports impact each other due to shared airspace. We then consider a more tactical, flight-by-flight, level of optimization, and present a novel approach to optimizing the entire Airport Operations Optimization Problem, made up of subproblems (a) - (e) above. Until present, these have been studied mainly in isolation, but we present a framework which is both unified and tractable, allowing the possibility of system-optimal solutions in a practical amount of time. Finally, we extend the models to consider the key uncertainties in a practical implementation of our methodologies, using robust and stochastic optimization. Notable uncertainties are the availability of runways for use, and flights' earliest possible touchdown/takeoff times. We then analyze the inherent trade-off between robustness and optimality. Computational experience using historic and manufactured datasets demonstrates that our approaches are computationally tractable in a practical sense, and could result in cost benefits of at least 10% over current practice.
by Michael Joseph Frankovich.
Ph.D.
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Gupta, Shubham Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Transient analysis of D(t)/M(t)/1 queuing system with applications to computing airport delays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61194.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 44-45).
This thesis is motivated by the desire to estimate air traffic delays at airports under a range of assumptions about the predictability of (a) inter-arrival times of demands (arrivals and departures) and (b) service times of aircraft movements (landings and takeoffs). It consists of two main parts. In the first, a transient analysis of a D(t)/M(t)/1 queuing system is presented. The reason for focusing on such a system is that it may be useful in evaluating some of the benefits of a future Air Traffic Management (ATM) system, such as the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NGATS or NextGen) currently being developed in the United States. One of the main features of these future ATM systems will be high predictability and regularity of the inter-arrival times of airport demands, i.e., a nearly deterministic demand process. This will be achieved through significant reductions in aircraft trajectory uncertainty, with the expectation that airport delays will also decrease substantially as a result. We develop a novel, computationally-efficient numerical approach for solving D(t)/M(t)/1 queuing systems with general, dynamic demand and service rates. We also discuss the complexity of the approach and some characteristics of the resulting solutions. In the second part of the thesis, we use a set of models of dynamic queuing systems, in addition to our D(t)/M(t)/1 model to explore the range of values that airport delays may assume under different sets of assumptions about the level of uncertainty associated with demand inter-arrival times and with service times. We thus compute airport delays under different queuing systems in a dynamic setting (where demand and service rates are time-varying) to capture the entire range of uncertainties expected during the deployment of various future ATM system technologies. The specific additional models we consider are: a deterministic D(t)/D(t)/1 model in which it is assumed that airport demands for landings and takeoffs occur at exactly as scheduled; and a M(t)/Ek(t)/1 model which, because of the "richness" of the family of Erlang distributions, Ek, can be used to approximate most M(t)/G(t)/1 models that may arise in airport applications. It can be seen that these models, when used together, provide bounds on estimated airport delays, with the D(t)/D(t)/1 model most likely to offer a lower bound and the M(t)/M(t)/1 model (i.e., the special case of M(t)/Ek(t)/1 with k = 1), an upper bound. We show through a set of examples based on a few of the busiest airports in the United States that: the closeness of the delay estimates provided by the different models depend on the level of congestion at an airport and the relative shapes of the dynamic profiles of capacity and demand at the airport; the difference (on a "percentage" basis) between the estimates provided by the deterministic model and the stochastic ones is largest for uncongested airports and decreases as the level of congestion increases; D(t)/M(t)/1 and M(t)/D(t)/1 produce estimates of the same order of magnitude, and reflect delays in the presence of "moderate" uncertainty at an airport; and delays under a D(t)/M(t)/1 queuing system are always higher than under a M(t)/D(t)/1 system.
by Shubham Gupta.
S.M.
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Drazovich, Spencer. "Factors Effecting Departure Delays in Multi-Airport U.S. Regions." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1456.
Full textAbstract:
For many metropolitan areas in U.S., flight traffic is distributed between multiple airports that service the region. Since 2008, there are trends showing that in certain multi-airport regions, flight traffic is being consolidated toward one “dominant” airport (as in LA) where as in other regions, departure traffic is becoming more evenly distributed between the multiple airports. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects these trends in departure volume are having on overall departure delay times in these regions. For this analysis, data from the airports in Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York, Washington, D.C. and Chicago are included. Based on the results of this research, there is evidence that the dominant hub model as evidenced in LA with LAX, is preferable when managing delays to a more dispersed model showcased in DC.
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Radesjö, Fanny. "Collision Avoidance for a Fence Inspecting Drone Operating at an Airport." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-273964.
Full textAbstract:
Many important facilities are surrounded by security fences that need to be regularly inspected for damage. To automate this task it has been proposed to use a drone equipped with a camera. The images taken by the camera would be analyzed using deep learning and thereby no human labor would be required except for when there are damages that need to be repaired. While flying autonomously along the fence it is important that the drone does not collide with unexpected obstacles. The aim of this project is to propose a suitable algorithm to avoid collisions during the inspection mission. To gather information about the environment and detect potential obstacles a stereo camera is used. Since the purpose of the drone is to capture images of the fence one of the criteria for evaluating the method is that the avoidance maneuvers should not cause the drone to miss more of the fence than necessary. The method chosen is based on the concept of collision cones. The idea is to approximate a bounding box around the obstacle and create a cone with the outline of the bounding box as the base and the drone position as the top point. The drone is restricted from flying in a direction inside the cone and is thereby forced to find a path around the obstacle. The algorithm is implemented and tested in simulation. From the simulation results, it is concluded that the algorithm is able to prevent collisions. Also, conclusions about how the parameter values should be chosen for the real drone are made.En drönare ska användas för att övervaka staketet runt en flygplats. En kamera används för att ta bilder som sedan kan analyseras med hjälp av reinforcement learning för att upptäcka hål i staketet. I detta projekt föreslås en algoritm för att undvika kollisioner medan drönaren flyger längs med staketet. En stereokamera används för att upptäcka hinder i drönarens väg. Samtidigt som hinder behöver undvikas är målet också att så lite av staketet som möjligt ska missas till följd av manövrering runt hinder. Metoden som används baseras på kollisionskoner. En kon formas mellan drönaren och utkanten av hindret. Drönaren är inte tillåten att styras i en riktning innanför denna kon. Istället styrs drönaren mot bästa möjliga punkt som tar den så nära dess mål som möjligt utan att bryta mot dessa begränsningar. När hindret är passerat styrs drönaren tillbaka till dess ursprungliga bana och fortsätter med sitt uppdrag. Algoritmen är implementerad och testad i simulation. Resultaten från simulationen används för att dra slutsatser kring hur parametrarna bör ställas in för att anpassa algoritmen på bästa sätt för detta specifika användningsområde.