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Journal articles on the topic 'Alaba (Sprache) Alaba Alaba'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Ayodele, Johnson. "Crime reporting practices among traders at Alaba International Market, Lagos." Temida 21, no. 1 (2018): 131–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem1801131a.

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In the field of contemporary study of victims in most developing countries worldwide, the reporting of personal victimization has received more attention by scholars than business victimization. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to examine the influence of business crimes reporting practices among traders on the development of the Alaba International Market, the traders and national economy. The study was conducted between October 3 and 8, 2015, in Lagos, Nigeria. It collected quantitative data from 245 respondents that were randomly selected from traders at the market. These were complemented by qualitative data collected through In-depth Interviews and Focus Group Discussions with purposively selected participants. The data were analyzed. The quantitative data found that 82.1% of the respondents attributed the victimization of small businesses to organized crimes by youth. The qualitative data indicated that the Alaba Market investors will reduce the unemployment rate in Lagos if the government stop frustrating the traders with the tax burden. The study concluded that business crimes prevent economic development. It suggests partnership among stakeholders for the provision of closed-circuit television cameras to prevent business violence and induce economic development at Alaba International Market.

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2

Tade, Oludayo, and Okoro Paul Mmahi. "Movie Piracy Networks at Alaba International Market, Lagos, Nigeria." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 1 (February 15, 2017): 274–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x17692208.

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This study examined the veiled chain of film piracy, a major crime in the Nigeria entertainment industry. Studies on film piracy in Nigeria have focused on its economic implications, both on the copyright owners and on the Nigerian economy. The organization of the activities of the film pirates has, however, been neglected. Narratives were extracted through in-depth interviews with pirates, “marketers,” and “producers.” Data indicated that pirates were insiders in the film marketing industry and included importers of foreign movies, registered and nonregistered retailers of Nigerian films, as well as marketers appointed by copyright owners to distribute their films. With the connivance of sales girls working with the copyright owners and dubbing companies, original copies of films (white face) are “procured.” Pirates distributed pirated copies, also secretly known as “green face,” without issuing receipts or putting the logo of the company on it. For security reasons, pirated films are sold only to buyers introduced by a member in the piracy network. Efforts aimed at fighting piracy must take into account this veiled network to effectively combat intellectual theft via aggressive ban on the public sale of such products.

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Shiferaw, Abebe, Ranjitha Puskur, Azage Tegegne, and Dirk Hoekstra. "Innovation in forage development: empirical evidence from Alaba Special District, southern Ethiopia." Development in Practice 21, no. 8 (November 2011): 1138–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2011.591186.

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4

Mathewos, M., M. Dananto, T. Erkossa, and G. Mulugeta. "Land use land cover dynamics at Bilate Alaba sub-watershed, southern Ethiopia." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 23, no. 8 (September 11, 2019): 1521. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v23i8.16.

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5

Cárdaba-López, Irene, and Iraia Anthonisen Añabeitia. "A wider study of contemporary art based on Mikel Diez Alaba´s Mínimos series." Ge-conservacion 11 (July 3, 2017): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37558/gec.v11i0.488.

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This research is based on the work of the Basque contemporary artist Mikel Diez Alaba and his series called Mínimos, which gathers up to 144 small size pieces made out of acrylic paint applied on printed images. This collection was displayed on the Museum of Fine Arts of Bilbao during 2014. The main objective of this paper is to reach a more integral conception of conservation –based on the latest theories regarding heritage-, focusing on material aspects and the conceptual characteristics of the artwork, alike. Thereby, the working method in Mínimos series has been analyzed, as well as the presence of elements linked to the natural heritage. All this, taken together allows the establishment of new strategies towards the conservation of contemporary artworks.

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Xue, Wan-qi, and Jing Du. "The Holarctic Species of the Delia alaba Subsection, with Descriptions of Two New Species (Diptera: Anthomyiidae)." Entomologica Americana 115, no. 2 (April 2009): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1664/07-ra-003.1.

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7

Swiggers, Pierre. "Una aportación flamenca a la gramaticografía del español : la "Spaensen grammatica" de Arnaldo de la Porte (1659)." Linguistica 50, no. 1 (December 29, 2010): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.50.1.101-112.

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En 1659 Arnaldo de la Porte publicó una voluminosa obra que contenía un diccionario español-flamenco, un diccionario flamenco-español y una pequeña gramática del español, redactada en flamenco (= neerlandés). Aquella gramática fue la primera gramática del español redactada en neerlandés y publicada en Flandes. El presente trabajo propone un análisis de la estructura, del contenido y de la terminología de la gramática de Arnaldo de la Porte. Se examinan también los diálogos que se hallan en la parte lexicográfica; aquellos diálogos están concebidos como una muestra representativa del uso coloquial de la lengua española. La parte final del trabajo tiene como objeto la dimensión política y religiosa de la obra de Arnaldo de la Porte, que destaca el estrecho vínculo entre Flandes y España, y alaba a la población flamenca por su lealdad a la corona española.

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Torrijos-Castrillejo, David. "Los testimonios de Aristóteles sobre el «noûs» de Anaxágoras." Pensamiento. Revista de Investigación e Información Filosófica 77, no. 293 (July 20, 2021): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14422/pen.v77.i293.y2021.004.

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Uno de los aspectos de la filosofía de Anaxágoras que más interesan a Aristóteles es su teoría del noûs. Sin embargo, al respecto mantiene una postura algo bivalente, pues, por una parte, alaba al presocrático por haber puesto el noûs como principio, mientras que, por otra, se muestra decepcionado. El noûs de Anaxágoras intervendría de modo insuficiente en el universo pero también causaría el bien, es más, sería el Bien con mayúscula. Nuestro objetivo es explicar cómo Aristóteles es capaz de desarrollar ambos tipos de discurso sobre el presocrático, siendo entre ellos aparentemente contradictorios. Se ofrecen dos soluciones a esta disyuntiva: aun existiendo cierta teleología en la filosofía de Anaxágoras, ésta resulta insuficiente a los ojos de Platón y Aristóteles; la recepción del pensamiento de Anaxágoras en otros autores posteriores, pero anteriores a Aristóteles, asocia subrepticiamente la bondad con el noûs.

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9

Cavallari, Daniel Caracanhas, Sérgio Mendonça Almeida, and Luiz Ricardo L. Simone. "Cerithiidae, Litiopidae, Modulidae and Planaxidae (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea) collected by the Marion Dufresne MD55 expedition in southeastern Brazil." Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 (July 16, 2020): e20206035. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.35.

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Several deep-water mollusks collected during the Marion Dufresne MD55 expedition off SE Brazil have been studied in recent papers. The present work focuses on eight species belonging to the cerithioidean families Cerithiidae, Litiopidae, Modulidae and Planaxidae. Three species have their geographic distributions greatly expanded: Bayericerithium bayeri Petuch, 2001 from Pernambuco to Rio Grande do Norte and Ceará states (north) and to Bahia and Espírito Santo states (south), Brazilian coast; Ittibittium oryza (Mörch, 1876), from the Caribbean to the SW Atlantic; and Angiola lineata (Costa, 1778), from Trindade Island, Brazil to the Abrolhos Slope, nearly 870 km westward. Four species reported herein had their bathymetric ranges greatly expanded: Alaba incerta (d’Orbigny, 1841) from 0-40 m to 300 m; B. bayeri from 0-2 m to 120 m (live specimens); Litiopa melanostoma Rang, 1829 from 0-805 m to 1,550 m; Fossarus orbignyi Fischer, 1864 from 0-40 to 830 m (shells only).

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Kocho, Tsedeke, Girma Abebe, Azage Tegegne, and Berhanu Gebremedhin. "Marketing value-chain of smallholder sheep and goats in crop-livestock mixed farming system of Alaba, Southern Ethiopia." Small Ruminant Research 96, no. 2-3 (April 2011): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.01.008.

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11

Markos, Mathewos Godebo, Dananto Ulsido Mihret, Erkossa Jijo Teklu, and Mulugeta Geleto Getachew. "Influence of land use and land cover changes on ecosystem services in the Bilate Alaba Sub-watershed, Southern Ethiopia." Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment 10, no. 9 (November 30, 2018): 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jene2018.0709.

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12

Jibiri, N. N., M. O. Isinkaye, and H. A. Momoh. "Assessment of radiation exposure levels at Alaba e-waste dumpsite in comparison with municipal waste dumpsites in southwest Nigeria." Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences 7, no. 4 (October 2014): 536–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2014.09.002.

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13

Balabarca-Fataccioli, Lisette. "“Toda obra loa y alaba a su hacedor”: Transgresión, subversion y sarcasmo en La Lozana andaluza de Francisco Delicado." Romance Notes 55, no. 1 (2015): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rmc.2015.0000.

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14

Regassa, Nigatu, D. Sundaraa Rajan, and Kalkidan Ketsela. "Access to, and Utilization of Information on Sanitation and Hygiene by Rural Households in Alaba Special District, Southern Ethiopia." Journal of Human Ecology 33, no. 2 (February 2011): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2011.11906352.

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15

Vajna, L. "First Report of Trunk Blight and Canker of Morus alaba var. pendula Caused by Fusarium lateritium f. sp. mori in Hungary." Plant Disease 84, no. 3 (March 2000): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.3.372a.

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Morus alba var. pendula (mulberry) is a favorite ornamental tree in Hungary. In 1998 and 1999, a canker disease was observed on this species in a western Hungarian ornamental tree nursery in Köszeg. Bark necrosis and cankers exposing the xylem were observed on the trunks of 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old trees. Pink sporodochia 200 to 400 μm in diameter were found in the necrotic bark. The fungus associated with the trunk cankers was identified as Fusarium lateritium Nees:Fr. f. sp. mori (Desmaz.) Matuo & K. Sato (1) from sporodochia and fungal isolates recovered from necrotic tissues. Isolations on potato dextrose agar yielded white colonies with a slight pink discoloration. Radial colony growth rate at 22°C and 12 h of light daily was 5 mm. Macroconidia were typical of F. lateritium, with three to eight septa. Microconidia were not observed. Intercalary chlamidospores (7 to 8 μm) rarely formed. Pathogenicity of the fungus was confirmed with a monoconidial culture. Three-year-old mulberry tree stems were inoculated with mycelial agar plugs. After 10 days, sunken necrotic lesions with a brownish discoloration, similar to naturally occurring cankers, developed. F. lateritium was successfully recovered from these lesions. No necrosis developed around control wounds. Mulberry Fusarium stem blight and canker is found in many temperate regions (2) but was not recorded as a disease of M. alba var. pendula in nurseries. This is the first record of the disease in Hungary. References: (1) C. Booth. 1971. The Genus Fusarium. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, England. (2) D. F. Farr et al. 1989. Fungi on Plants and Plant Products in the United States. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.

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Alani, R., A. Ogunbanmwo, D. Nwude, and M. Ogbaje. "Evaluation of the Environmental Impacts of Electronic-Waste Management in Lagos Using Alaba International Market and Ikeja Computer Village as Case Studies." Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology 4, no. 2 (October 2020): 283–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2020.02.0212.

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The main aim of this research was to assess the extent of the problems associated with inappropriate e-waste management and recycling practices. Electronic wastes (E-wastes) are generated from products that are designed for use with a maximum voltage of 1000 volts for alternating current and 1500 volts for direct current. These wastes contain hazardous materials such as lead, mercury, cadmium, brominated flame-retardants, valuable metals such as aluminium, nickel, copper, and certain precious metals such as gold, silver and platinum group metals (PGMs) which pose both human and environmental health threats. They have negative impacts on the health of workers and nearby residents; hence, residents of buildings located around and beside e-wastes dumpsites were randomly selected for this study. Well, run-off and borehole water samples as well as soil samples from different sites in Alaba international market, and Ikeja computer village in Lagos, Nigeria were analyzed for zinc, lead, iron, copper, nickel and chromium. Using additional information from questionnaires and interviews, impacts of e-waste dumps on the health of workers and residents near the study areas were investigated. The results were analysed using descriptive frequency count and tables which confirmed the presence of heavy metals in soils and water samples of the case study areas and hence appropriate recommendations were outlined to address the menace of e-waste disposal and as well as the need for improvement in e-waste management and recycling for economic opportunities and improved health standard within the Lagos Metropolis.

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17

Awoniyi, Mufutau Akanbi. "The Emergence of Common Market in West Africa: An Examination of Cross Culture and Ethnographic Marketing System of Alaba International Market, Lagos-Nigeria." American Journal of Industrial and Business Management 06, no. 02 (2016): 136–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajibm.2016.62014.

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18

Haile, Bereket Tesfaye, Tadesse Terefe Zeleke, Kassahun Ture Beketie, Desalegn Yayeh Ayal, and Gudina Legese Feyisa. "Analysis of El Niño Southern Oscillation and its impact on rainfall distribution and productivity of selected cereal crops in Kembata Alaba Tembaro zone." Climate Services 23 (August 2021): 100254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cliser.2021.100254.

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19

Olubunmi Lukman, LAWAL, and OLORUNFEMI Samuel Oluwaseyi. "The Role of Politics in Governance and Service Delivery: Focus on Water Provision in Akure, Nigeria." Scholedge International Journal of Business Policy & Governance ISSN 2394-3351 5, no. 10 (May 6, 2019): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.19085/sijbpg051001.

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<p>This study examines the role of politics in governance and service delivery (with a particular interest in water provision) in Akure, Nigeria. To achieve the above, the following objectives were made: examine the part of politics in water delivery in Akure by evaluating the roles of past and present administrations (1999-2017) in water delivery, identify various factors inhibiting and enhancing water delivery in the area. To fully capture these objectives, four residential neighborhoods (Ijapo Housing Estate, Shagari Village, Oke-Ogba and Alaba-Layout Apatapiti) were purposively selected for questionnaires administration. The numbers of residential buildings in the four selected locations were determined to represent the research population. In all, there are two thousand eight hundred and eight one (2881) residential buildings in the neighborhoods. Using systematic sampling method of selecting one head of household at every 10th building intervals across the locations, two hundred and eighty-eight (288) copies of questionnaire were administered, collated and analyzed. Also, the General Manager of Ondo State Water Corporation saddled with the responsibility of providing water to the teeming inhabitants of Akure was investigated. Data obtained from both sources were collated and analyzed and presented using the descriptive statistical method. The results revealed the policies, programmes, pitfalls, and achievements of successive governments of Ondo State in Water provision from 1999-2017. Based on these findings, practicable and insightful recommendations were made.</p>

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20

Scheltema, Rudolf S., Isabelle P. Williams, and Janice Tharpe. "Differences in spatial distribution of veliger larvae belonging to Litiopa melanostoma and Alaba incerta (Prosobranchia: Litiopidae) in the warm temperate and tropical North Atlantic Ocean." Journal of Molluscan Studies 55, no. 1 (1989): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mollus/55.1.139.

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21

Barnes, R. S. K., and L. Claassens. "Do beds of subtidal estuarine seagrass constitute a refuge for macrobenthic biodiversity threatened intertidally?" Biodiversity and Conservation 29, no. 11-12 (July 22, 2020): 3227–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-020-02019-0.

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Abstract Biodiversity differentials between macrobenthic assemblages associated with adjacent intertidal and subtidal areas of a single seagrass system were investigated for the first time. Assemblage metrics of conservation relevance—faunal abundance and its patchiness, faunal richness, and beta diversity—were examined at four contrasting dwarf-eelgrass localities in the Knysna estuarine bay, part of South Africa's Garden Route National Park but a system whose intertidal areas are heavily impacted anthropogenically. Faunal assemblages were significantly different across all localities and between subtidal and intertidal levels at each locality although their taxonomic distinctness was effectively constant. Although, as would be expected, there were clear trends for increases in overall numbers of species towards the mouth at all levels, few generalities relating to the relative importance of the subtidal seagrass habitat were evident across the whole system—magnitude and direction of differentials were contingent on locality. Shore-height related differences in assemblage metrics were minor in the estuarine and lagoonal zones but major in the marine compartment, although the much greater subtidal faunal abundance there was largely consequent on the superabundance of a single species (the microgastropod Alaba pinnae), intertidal zones then displaying the greater species diversity due to greater equitability of species densities. Along its axial channel, the Knysna subtidal seagrass does not support richer versions of the intertidal polychaete-dominated assemblages fringing it; instead, it supports different and more patchily dispersed gastropod-dominated ones. At Knysna at least, the subtidal hardly constitutes a reservoir of the seagrass biodiversity present intertidally.

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Al-Wahaibi, Ayida, W. M. Wan Nazaimoon, W. N. Norsyam, H. S. Farihah, and A. L. Azian. "Effect of Water Extract of Labisia pumila Var Alata on Aorta of Ovariectomized Sprague Dawley Rats." Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 7, no. 2 (February 15, 2008): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2008.208.213.

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23

Bachmann, Mercedes Laura García. "UNA ¿INNECESARIA? REFLEXIÓN SOBRE LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA LECTURA DE GÉNERO PARA UNA IGLESIA MÁS INCLUSIVA Y UN MUNDO MÁS JUSTO." Perspectiva Teológica 49, no. 3 (December 29, 2017): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.20911/21768757v49n3p681/2017.

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RESUMEN: La primera parte incluye voces planteando la necesidad de una eclesiología más inclusiva, sobre la igualdad de dignidad de todo ser humano (Gn 1,27; Gal 3,28). La segunda parte ofrece tres ejemplos bíblicos: Rahab (Josué 2 y 6), Jael (Jueces 4-5) y dos códigos de deberes domésticos (Col 3,18-4,1; Ef 5,21-6,9). La evaluación de estos textos desde el género muestra diferencias en cuanto a cómo los evalúa la academia, pero similitud en intentar oscurecer su potencial feminista. Rahab, ubicada en los últimos escalones de su sociedad, se convierte en modelo al justificar el saqueo de su propia tierra por parte de Israel. Jael es a menudo considerada por la crítica patriarcal una traidora, a pesar de que la Biblia solamente la alaba; y los códigos domésticos son aplicados por lo general acríticamente al presente sin considerar ni las diferencias culturales entre el s. I y el XXI, ni su potencial liberador en el imperio romano.ABSTRACT: The first part brings in diverse voices asking for a more inclusive ecclesiology, based on equal dignity of each human being (Gn 1,27; Gal 3,28). The second part offers three biblical examples: Rahab (Joshua 2, 6), Jael (Judges 4-5) and two household codes (Col 3,18-4,1; Eph 5,21-6,9). Evaluation of these texts from a gender perspective shows differences as to how does the academy evaluate them; but also similarity in the attempt to lower their feminist potential. Rahab, coming from the lowest social echelons, becomes a model by justifying her own land’s exploitation by Israel. Jael is often considered by patriarchy a betrayer, even though the Bible only praises her; and the household codes are uncritically applied to present-day situations without due consideration of cultural differences between the first and the twenty-first centuries, nor of their liberating strength in the face of the Roman Empire.

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Poza, José Alberto Miranda. "(Re)presentaciones de la mujer en textos literarios medievales castellanos." Revista Ártemis 25, no. 1 (August 1, 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.1807-8214.2018v25n1.41146.

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La Edad Media europea representa una época fundamental para la comprensión del mundo moderno en su concepción occidental, antecedente de la actual posmodernidad. El conocimiento de este vasto período que transcurre a lo largo de diez siglos, ajeno a la realidad y al imaginario de América, constituye un verdadero desafío para la enseñanza, el aprendizaje y la recepción de las literaturas europeas –y no solo de las hispánicas. En relación al tema propuesto, la mujer, es representativa del pensamiento medieval la actitud de aquella sociedad típicamente masculina (re)presentarla a partir de dos vertientes: la glorificación –el amor cortés y sus derivaciones–y el rebajamiento femenino hasta extremos increíbles. Las dos posiciones convergen, en ocasiones, dentro de una misma obra, como en el Libro de buen amor, donde Juan Ruiz describe magistralmente a las mujeres a través de un rico juego de equívocos: por un lado, se habla de la mujer objeto del deseo carnal del hombre, causadora del pecado; por otro, se alaba el verdadero “buen amor”, de transcendencia divina, en la misma línea devota. No falta en esta relación el género del sermón, centrado en el tópico de los pecados capitales, que tienen como sujeto a la mujer –frente al indefenso hombre–, lo que nos convida a evocar el Corbacho, de Alfonso Martínez de Toledo, y que, a su vez, entronca con la representación medieval femenina que contienen obras de otra índole, como algunos de los exemplos recogidos en el Conde Lucanor, de Don Juan Manuel, Que la brujería y sus vínculos con Satán son algo especialmente propio de la mujer se muestra en el papel que, con relación al amor –prohibido las más de las veces– desempeñan Trotaconventos primero y más tarde la celebérrima Celestina de la Tragicomedia de Rojas. Por último, la denominada novela sentimental nos devuelve al primer tipo de vertiente ya referida, la glorificación de la mujer, si bien, en pleno Prerrenacimiento, a partir de parámetros humanistas, como hace Diego de San Pedro en su Cárcel de amor.

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Gabrekiristos, Endriyas, and Tola Demiyo. "Hot Pepper Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici): Epidemics, Characteristic Features and Management Options." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 10 (September 15, 2020): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n10p347.

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Hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.) is one of the important cash crops to Ethiopian smallholder farmers and an important agricultural commodity which contribute to export earnings. In Ethiopia, this high value crop is constrained by powdery mildew, Phytophthora leaf blight, Fusarium wilt, bacterial leaf spot, bacterial wilt, bacterial soft rot and pepper motile virus. Among this diseases, wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici (FOC) is one of the major pathogen that constrained production and productivity of hot pepper in Ethiopia mainly the Central Rift valley. In Ethiopia, hot pepper fusarium wilt is reported in all production regions in different magnitude. The highest wilt incidence due to fusarium is 90% in some Farmers association of Alaba districts in South Nation Nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia. The economic yield losses due to Fusarium wilt has been estimated at 68 to 71%. Infection and disease development in Fusarium wilt is favored by warm soil temperature, low soil moisture, susceptible host, virulent pathogen and 5.0 to 6.0 pH levels; are some of epidemic factors. Fusarium is reproduced by sexually by teleomorphs and asexually by microconidia, macroconidia and chlamydospore. From the Central rift valley of Ethiopia, 49 FOC isolates were identified based on micro and macroscopic characteristics and the isolate having pink colony color, 3-5 septa forming conidia on potato dextrose agar, perform the most pathogenic ability to Mareko Fana Variety. This pathogen has an over wintering stage called chlamydospore which can exist in the soil for more than ten years without the host. Hot pepper fusarium wilt can be managed by host resistance, biological agent, botanicals and fungicide. In Ethiopia, pepper screening for resistant source, in vitro evaluation of bioagents and fungicides were done. In this review attempt has been made to summarize relevant scientific studies on this economically important crop, hot pepper fusarium wilt and associated factors in Ethiopia as well as its different disease management options, challenges and future prospects.

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Oke, Muritala, Oluseyi Oshinfowokan, and Olubunmi Okonoda. "Nigeria-China Trade Relations: Projections for National Growth and Development." International Journal of Business and Management 14, no. 11 (October 14, 2019): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v14n11p77.

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The relations between countries as always been defined and pursued by National Interest coupled by comparative advantage, meanwhile, globalization has fuelled interdependence, integration and technological connectivity amongst countries of the world. This situation has led to trade liberalization. The trade relations between Nigeria and China has always been of mutual benefits to the two countries, probably because the two countries are prominent member of the G77 group of developing countries within the United Nations. The era of General Sani Abacha made the relationship stronger as Nigeria shifted from the North to the South and engaged China more having been rejected by the Northern allies of developed capitalist nations. The paper interrogated the trade relation between Nigeria and China and assess the impact of mechanisms and measures such as One China Policy and Nigeria Naira – China Yuan Currency Swap on the Nigeria growth and development. It equally examined the perceptions of Nigeria entrepreneurs in pushing for balance of trade relations between Nigeria and China. The study employed the quantitative and qualitative methods to examine the trade relationship between Nigeria and China. Simple Random Sample (SRS) technique was used to select respondents from Federal Ministries of Finance, Trade, Industries and Investment, Small and Medium Scale Development Agency (SMEDAN) as well Central Bank of Nigeria, Nigeria Content Development and Monitoring Board for the conduction of interviews; while key informant interview were conducted with President, Nigeria Chamber of Commerce and Industry (NACCIMA); National President, Manufacturing Association of Nigeria (MAN), and National President of Nigeria Union of Textile Workers (NUTW).A total of 100 questionnaires was distributed randomly to traders in six big markets which trade in both Nigeria and China product - Ariara Market in Aba, Sabo Market in Kano, Alaba Market in Lagos, Onitsha Market in Anambra, Central market in Kaduna, Nnewi market. The study found out that for Nigeria to get more gains from China, Nigeria traders, manufacturers and organised trade organisation must be carried in decision making and shun importation of already made goods that can be produced locally; support local industries to enhance their production capacity; more interaction between the businessmen of both countries, government official and politician; allowing independent functioning of institutions created to promote trade and investment without interference.

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Safitri, Meta, Febriyani Kholifah, and Saru Noliqo Rangkuti. "EFEK LAKSATIF INFUSA DAUN KETEPENG CINA ( Cassia Alata Linn) PADA TIKUS JANTAN (Rattus norvegicus) GALUR Sprague dawley YANG DIINDUKSI GAMBIR." Jurnal Farmagazine 8, no. 1 (February 27, 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47653/farm.v8i1.528.

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Dauphin Dighitoghi Moro. "Bacteriological investigation of meat sold in Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 10, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.10.1.0135.

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Meat (beef) is one of the most widely consumed food products which is remarkably known for its high protein content, vitamins and desirable taste. Meat is consumed by all and sundry. However, the intrinsic properties of meat make it highly susceptible to changes usually brought about by an array of physical, chemical and biochemical attributes. Several bacterial species have been implicated in the spoilage of meat and it provides a good source of nutrients. One kilogram of meat samples purchased from ten retail points in different markets namely Okoko, Ojo, Iyana-Iba, Igbo-Elerin, Ajangbadi, Ikotun, Obadore, Akesan, Alaba and Volkswagen markets were investigated for microorganisms by standard methods. The meat samples were obtained in duplicates and cultured on MacConkey agar, Mannitol salt agar and nutrient agar. They were divided into two batches, the first batch was stored at the refrigerated temperature (4 °C) while the second batch was at ambient temperature 27°C±2 °C for 24 hours. The meat samples were enumerated bacteriologically using blender method. Ten grams of each sample was blended and introduced into buffered peptone water, homogenized and pre-incubated for 1 h. Serial dilution was carried out and 0.1 ml of serially diluted samples inoculated into the agar. Various bacterial species were isolated, identified culturally, morphologically and biochemically. For ambient temperature stored meat, the total viable count ranged from 1.3 x 104 cfu/g to 2.3 x 106 while refrigerated samples had counts which ranged from 1.3 x 104 cfu/g to 7 x 105 cfu/g. In the unrefrigerated samples, total staphylococcal counts and total Enterobacteriaceae counts ranged from 1.3 x 103 cfu/g to 2.66 x 104 cfu/g and 1.2 x IO3 to 2.3 x 104 cfu/g respectively. Bacteria recovered include Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp., Proteus spp., Micrococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Leuconostoc spp., Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spp., most of which are potentially spoilage bacteria as well as opportunistic pathogens. Several bacterial species isolated from refrigerated and unrefrigerated samples were similar, but the refrigerated meat appear to be safer as they had lower microbial load. Meat constitutes a risk factor which is minimized by careful handling, high personal hygiene and massive awareness campaign which may likely be heightened by consumption of raw or improperly cooked meat.

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Ahmad, Shihab Uddin, Nor-Ashila Binti Aladdin, Jamia Azdina Jamal, Ahmad Nazrun Shuid, and Isa Naina Mohamed. "Evaluation of Wound-Healing and Antioxidant Effects of Marantodes pumilum (Blume) Kuntze in an Excision Wound Model." Molecules 26, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010228.

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Marantodes pumilum (MP) is a great source of herbal medicine used traditionally by both men and women for various purposes. MP may have potential wound-healing effects due to its diverse biological properties. An extensive study was conducted in a normal male rat model for determining the effects of MP var. pumila (MPvp) and var. alata (MPva) on the wound healing process. Here, 126 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into seven groups as follows: sham-operated (SH), vehicle dressing (VD), flavine dressing (FD), MPvp leaves (PL), MPvp roots (PR), MPva leaves (AL), and MPva roots (AR). The parameters studied were the percentage of wound contraction, histomorphology study by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson–Goldner trichrome (MGT), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. In addition, the levels of enzymatic antioxidants and malondialdehyde were also measured in the wound tissue homogenates. Wounds treated with extracts (PL, PR, AL, and AR) showed significantly faster healing (p < 0.05) compared to untreated and control groups (SH, VD, and FD). Histological analysis among MP-treated groups revealed better re-epithelialization, higher collagen deposition, enhanced fibronectin content and fibroblast cells, and higher fiber transformation from collagen-III to collagen-I, accompanied with a significant surge in enzymatic antioxidant activities and a decline in lipid peroxidation. MP has antioxidant effects that may enhance wound healing in the rat model.

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Ponglong, Jiraprapa, Laddawan Senggunprai, Panot Tungsutjarit, Ronnachai Changsri, Tunvaraporn Proongkhong, and Patchareewan Pannangpetch. "ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TUBTIM-CHUMPHAE RICE BRAN DECREASES INSULIN RESISTANCE AND INTRAHEPATIC FAT ACCUMULATION IN HIGH-FAT-HIGH-FRUCTOSE DIET FED RATS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 12, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v12i1.30545.

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Objective: Tubtim-chumphae rice is hybrid Thai rice with a red pericarp. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Tubtim-chumphae rice bran on insulin resistance and intrahepatic fat accumulation in high-fat-high-fructose diet (HFFD) fed rats.Methods: Ethanolic extract of rice bran (ERB) was prepared using a 50% ethanol-water. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed HFFD (40% lard, 20% fructose) for 10 weeks, followed by concomitant administrations of distilled water or ERB at 250 or 500 mg/kg/day or pioglitazone at 10 mg/kg/day for a further 4 weeks in treated groups. Normal control rats were fed normal chow and distilled water. At the end of all treatments, fasting blood glucose (FBG), an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum insulin levels, lipid profiles, and liver fat contents were measured. Liver histological and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) gene expression examinations were performed.Results: At week 14, control HFFD rats had significantly (p<0.05) higher FBG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and insulin secretions together with impaired OGTT as compared to normal control rats. These parameters indicated an insulin resistant and dyslipidemic condition in HFFD rats. ERB 250 and 500 mg/kg or pioglitazone 10 mg/kg significantly ameliorated all of these changes. HFFD also caused a significant increase in fat accumulation and a decrease in PPAR-α gene expression in the livers which were significantly decreased by ERB.Conclusions: ERB decreases insulin resistance and intrahepatic fat accumulation possibly through increasing PPAR-α gene expression in HFFD rats. ERB might possibly be a neutraceutical for the metabolic syndrome patients.1. Gauthier MS, Favier R, Lavoie JM. Time course of the development of non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis in response to high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats. Br J Nutr 2006;95:273-81.2. Roberts CK, Hevener AL, Barnard RJ. Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance: Underlying causes and modification by exercise training. Compr Physiol 2013;3:1-58.3. Grundy SM. Metabolic syndrome update. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2016;26:364-73.4. Fouret G, Gaillet S, Lecomte J, Bonafos B, Djohan F, Barea B, et al. 20-week follow-up of hepatic steatosis installation and liver mitochondrial structure and activity and their interrelation in rats fed a high-fat-high-fructose diet. Br J Nutr 2018;119:368-80.5. Dekker MJ, Su Q, Baker C, Rutledge AC, Adeli K. Fructose: A highly lipogenic nutrient implicated in insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and the metabolic syndrome. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2010;299:E685-94.6. Vichit W, Saewan N. Antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity of thai pigmented rice. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015;7:329-34.7. Settharaksa S, Madaka F, Charkree K, Charoenchai L. The study of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in cold press rice bran oil from rice in Thailand. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;6:428-31.8. Sukrasno S, Tuty S, Fidrianny I. Antioxidant evaluation and phytochemical content of various rice bran extracts of three varieties rice from Semarang, central Java, Indonesia. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2017;10:377-82.9. Sabir A, Rafi M, Darusman LK. Discrimination of red and white rice bran from indonesia using HPLC fingerprint analysis combined with chemometrics. Food Chem 2017;221:1717-22.10. Niu Y, Gao B, Slavin M, Zhang X, Yang F, Bao J, et al. Phytochemical compositions, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of twenty-two red rice samples grown in Zhejiang. LWT Food Sci Technol 2013;54:521-7.11. Boonloh K, Kukongviriyapan V, Kongyingyoes B, Kukongviriyapan U, Thawornchinsombut S, Pannangpetch P, et al. Rice bran protein hydrolysates improve insulin resistance and decrease pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in rats fed a high carbohydrate-high fat diet. Nutrients 2015;7:6313-29.12. Peñarrieta JM, Alvarado JA, Akesson B, Bergenståhl B. Total antioxidant capacity and content of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in canihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule): An andean pseudocereal. Mol Nutr Food Res 2008;52:708-17.13. Mungkhunthod S, Senggunprai L, Tangsucharit P, Sripui J, Kukongviriyapan U, Pannangpetch P. Antidesma thwaitesianum pomace extract improves insulin sensitivity via upregulation of PPAR-γ in high fat diet/streptozotocin-induced Type 2 diabetic rats. Asia Pac J Sci Technol 2016;21:63-76.14. Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC, et al. Homeostasis model assessment: Insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985;28:412-9.15. Naowaboot J, Wannasiri S. Anti-lipogenic effect of Senna alata leaf extract in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016;6:232-8.16. Couturier K, Qin B, Batandier C, Awada M, Hininger-Favier I, Canini F, et al. Cinnamon increases liver glycogen in an animal model of insulin

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31

Ponglong, Jiraprapa, Laddawan Senggunprai, Panot Tungsutjarit, Ronnachai Changsri, Tunvaraporn Proongkhong, and Patchareewan Pannangpetch. "ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TUBTIM-CHUMPHAE RICE BRAN DECREASES INSULIN RESISTANCE AND INTRAHEPATIC FAT ACCUMULATION IN HIGH-FAT-HIGH-FRUCTOSE DIET FED RATS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 12, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i1.30545.

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Objective: Tubtim-chumphae rice is hybrid Thai rice with a red pericarp. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Tubtim-chumphae rice bran on insulin resistance and intrahepatic fat accumulation in high-fat-high-fructose diet (HFFD) fed rats.Methods: Ethanolic extract of rice bran (ERB) was prepared using a 50% ethanol-water. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed HFFD (40% lard, 20% fructose) for 10 weeks, followed by concomitant administrations of distilled water or ERB at 250 or 500 mg/kg/day or pioglitazone at 10 mg/kg/day for a further 4 weeks in treated groups. Normal control rats were fed normal chow and distilled water. At the end of all treatments, fasting blood glucose (FBG), an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum insulin levels, lipid profiles, and liver fat contents were measured. Liver histological and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) gene expression examinations were performed.Results: At week 14, control HFFD rats had significantly (p<0.05) higher FBG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and insulin secretions together with impaired OGTT as compared to normal control rats. These parameters indicated an insulin resistant and dyslipidemic condition in HFFD rats. ERB 250 and 500 mg/kg or pioglitazone 10 mg/kg significantly ameliorated all of these changes. HFFD also caused a significant increase in fat accumulation and a decrease in PPAR-α gene expression in the livers which were significantly decreased by ERB.Conclusions: ERB decreases insulin resistance and intrahepatic fat accumulation possibly through increasing PPAR-α gene expression in HFFD rats. ERB might possibly be a neutraceutical for the metabolic syndrome patients.1. Gauthier MS, Favier R, Lavoie JM. Time course of the development of non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis in response to high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats. Br J Nutr 2006;95:273-81.2. Roberts CK, Hevener AL, Barnard RJ. Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance: Underlying causes and modification by exercise training. Compr Physiol 2013;3:1-58.3. Grundy SM. Metabolic syndrome update. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2016;26:364-73.4. Fouret G, Gaillet S, Lecomte J, Bonafos B, Djohan F, Barea B, et al. 20-week follow-up of hepatic steatosis installation and liver mitochondrial structure and activity and their interrelation in rats fed a high-fat-high-fructose diet. Br J Nutr 2018;119:368-80.5. Dekker MJ, Su Q, Baker C, Rutledge AC, Adeli K. Fructose: A highly lipogenic nutrient implicated in insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and the metabolic syndrome. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2010;299:E685-94.6. Vichit W, Saewan N. Antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity of thai pigmented rice. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015;7:329-34.7. Settharaksa S, Madaka F, Charkree K, Charoenchai L. The study of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in cold press rice bran oil from rice in Thailand. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;6:428-31.8. Sukrasno S, Tuty S, Fidrianny I. Antioxidant evaluation and phytochemical content of various rice bran extracts of three varieties rice from Semarang, central Java, Indonesia. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2017;10:377-82.9. Sabir A, Rafi M, Darusman LK. Discrimination of red and white rice bran from indonesia using HPLC fingerprint analysis combined with chemometrics. Food Chem 2017;221:1717-22.10. Niu Y, Gao B, Slavin M, Zhang X, Yang F, Bao J, et al. Phytochemical compositions, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of twenty-two red rice samples grown in Zhejiang. LWT Food Sci Technol 2013;54:521-7.11. Boonloh K, Kukongviriyapan V, Kongyingyoes B, Kukongviriyapan U, Thawornchinsombut S, Pannangpetch P, et al. Rice bran protein hydrolysates improve insulin resistance and decrease pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in rats fed a high carbohydrate-high fat diet. Nutrients 2015;7:6313-29.12. Peñarrieta JM, Alvarado JA, Akesson B, Bergenståhl B. Total antioxidant capacity and content of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in canihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule): An andean pseudocereal. Mol Nutr Food Res 2008;52:708-17.13. Mungkhunthod S, Senggunprai L, Tangsucharit P, Sripui J, Kukongviriyapan U, Pannangpetch P. Antidesma thwaitesianum pomace extract improves insulin sensitivity via upregulation of PPAR-γ in high fat diet/streptozotocin-induced Type 2 diabetic rats. Asia Pac J Sci Technol 2016;21:63-76.14. Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC, et al. Homeostasis model assessment: Insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985;28:412-9.15. Naowaboot J, Wannasiri S. Anti-lipogenic effect of Senna alata leaf extract in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016;6:232-8.16. Couturier K, Qin B, Batandier C, Awada M, Hininger-Favier I, Canini F, et al. Cinnamon increases liver glycogen in an animal model of insulin

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Montoya-Lerma, James. "Editorial." Revista Colombiana de Entomología 47, no. 1 (April 15, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v47i1.11162.

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Un viejo proverbio reza: cada cacharrero alaba sus alhajas… Hoy, cuando la nueva junta directiva de la Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología (Socolen), nos invita a abandonar la tarea como equipo editorial de la Revista Colombiana de Entomología (RCdE), queremos poner algunos puntos en relieve que a futuro sean referente para evaluar con objetividad el papel del equipo editorial saliente en el desarrollo de este órgano divulgativo de la sociedad...

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33

Bejiga, A., and A. Wondimu. "Prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis in the community of Alaba District, southern Ethiopia." East African Medical Journal 80, no. 7 (May 7, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/eamj.v80i7.8720.

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34

Mathewos, Markos, Mihret Dananto, Teklu Erkossa, and Getachew Mulugeta. "Parametric Land Suitability Assessment for Rainfed Agriculture: The Case of Bilate Alaba Sub-watershed, Southern Ethiopia." Agrotechnology 07, no. 02 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2168-9881.1000183.

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35

Zinni, Mariana. "“Fue de Américo suelo lo ingenioso”." Saga. Revista de Letras 1, no. 3 (May 13, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.35305/sa.v1i3.171.

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María de Estrada Medinilla escribió la Relación… (1640) referida a la entrada del Marqués de Vilena, nuevo virrey de la Nueva España, a la ciudad de México. En los cuatrocientos versos que componen su texto, alaba a la ciudad, sus habitantes, costumbres y modas, pero “olvida” el objetivo de su larga carta poética. María de Estrada prefiere centrar su atención en la ciudad en vez de en el marqués, y, como testigo, narra eventos que podemos considerar inconsecuentes (tiene que caminar, siente la incomodidad de sus vestidos, una súbita lluvia), en vez que lo que sería esencial a su laudes civitatum. La poeta usa la entrada del virrey no solo para narrar la ciudad, sino para narrarse a sí misma. Al seguir su propia visión de la celebración, nos encontramos en una posición privilegiada, la de su mirada femenina, resaltando aspectos ausentes de una aproximación más tradicional o masculina de la entrada del virrey.

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Degarege, Abraham, Abebe Animut, Mengistu Legesse, and Berhanu Erko. "Malaria and helminth co-infections in outpatients of Alaba Kulito Health Center, southern Ethiopia: a cross sectional study." BMC Research Notes 3, no. 1 (May 25, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-3-143.

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37

"Opinion 2408 (Case 3690) — Alabina Dall, 1902 (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea): designation of Alaba cerithidioides Dall, 1889 as type species not approved." Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 75, no. 1 (May 31, 2018): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21805/bzn.v75.a018.

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38

Defaru Katise, Nazrawit Aklilu, and Dr. Ramesh Kumar Verma. "Assessing the prefomance of subgrade and unbounded materials and their effect on pavement distress of Alaba-Sodo existing road; Ethiopia." International Journal of Engineering Research and V9, no. 02 (February 24, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.17577/ijertv9is020136.

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39

Urzelai Vicente, Ainhoa. "LA REPRESENTACIÓN DEL CONFLICTO VASCO EN LA LIJ ESCRITA EN EUSKERA." AILIJ. Anuario de Investigación en Literatura Infantil y Juvenil, no. 17 (December 11, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.35869/ailij.v0i17.1431.

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El objetivo principal de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre la representación del conflicto político vasco en la LIJ escrita en euskera. Para ello, han sido analizadas tres obras que pertenecen a la LIJ moderna: Harri barruko bihotz-borrokak [Las luchas del corazón de las piedras] (1999), Txakurraren alaba [La hija del perro] (2000) y Pikolo (2008) [Pikolo, 2010]. Primeramente, se ofrece un breve resumen de cada obra y se analiza cuál ha sido su recepción crítica. En segundo lugar, se presenta el análisis narratológico, y se sitúan los relatos en el espacio y tiempo, tras abordar el análisis de los narradores y los personajes principales. A continuación, de la mano de los estudios de memoria, se examina la representación del contexto histórico de la obra (lugares de memoria, tipos de memoria que se transmiten, conexiones intertextuales...). Completamos el análisis de las obras con la presentación de las conclusiones más relevantes. Como se ha podido observar, la LIJ en euskera también ha abordado la recuperación de la memoria del conflicto vasco, con un género y unas características narrativas muy concretas: narrador y protagonista joven, narrado en primera persona o la utilización de la focalización interna.

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Adegbola, Rafiu, Olanike Abidoye, and Ibrahim Adaranijo. "DELINEATION OF AQUIFEROUS ZONES USING GEOPHYSICAL METHODS AND CONTAMINANT FLOW DIRECTION -A case study of dumpsite at Cassidy, Okokomaiko, LASU-Badagry Expressway, Lagos State, Nigeria." JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND REVIEW IN SCIENCE 7, no. 1 (December 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/jrrslasu/0202.70.0190.

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Introduction: Cassidy area, of Okokomaiko, Ojo, Lagos State, is a rapidly developing area with attendant growing population arising from the presence of University, financial institutions and popularly known Alaba market. Unfortunately, water supply by the water corporation is not readily available. The inhabitants only rely on the surface water and groundwater extracted from hand dug wells and boreholes. Aims: The study is to map the aquiferous zone and establish the groundwater flow direction, with a view to averting subsurface contamination emanated from dumpsite within the area. Materials and Methods: Twenty five (25) Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger electrode array, four (4) Electrical Resistivity imaging using Wenner Electrode Array were acquired at four different traverses. Manual groundwater flow direction was also conducted. Results: The identified unconfined aquifer was sand/sandy clay which is overlain by peat/clay soil that is loose and may allow downward migration of the contaminant plumes to deep groundwater. However, the confined aquifer observed to occur approximately at depth 18 m. The electrical resistivity distribution observed decreases upward, south and north. This implies increase in conductivity in such directions and as such indicating the contaminant could be more concentrated near-surface, north and south. Conclusion: The implication of the results obtained with respect to vulnerability to groundwater pollution is that the southern section of the aquifer is more susceptible to receive transported contaminants from the northern part of the study area. The study suggests the potential borehole should be sited in the north-eastern direction with the aid of geophysical survey.

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SA Abbas, Yeoh KY, Allan Mathews, Ayesha Fatima, and ABM Helaluddin. "Determination of antidiabetic activity of aqueous and alcoholic senna alata leaf extract." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, SPL1 (November 7, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10ispl1.1708.

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This study is conducted to determine the antidiabetic activity capabilities of both aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Senna alata. Route of administration was by oral intubation on diabetic-induced Sprague Dawley rats through single dose intraperitoneal injection of a diabetogenic agent, Streptozotocin 55mg/kg. This study consists of 9 groups with 4 rats each, Group 1 serves as a control group, Group 2 will be treated with a standard antidiabetic drug, Metformin as a positive control, Group 3 acts as a negative control with no treatment, Group 4 to group 6 will be given aqueous extract of doses from 2 to 8g/kg and Group 7 to group 9 were treated with alcoholic extract of the same dosage strength of Group 4 to 6. Group 2 to 9 were fasted prior to the administration of STZ. Blood glucose was measured on the first two days, three times a week after administration of STZ to confirm rats have reached diabetic FBS blood glucose levels of more than 7.5mmol/L. Both aqueous and alcoholic treatments were administrated BID for a duration of 7 days, and blood glucose levels measured at 2-day intervals. There is a significant reduction (P<0.05) in blood glucose levels for Group 6, Group 8, and Group 9 when compared to Group 3 (negative control). Groups that have a significant reduction in blood glucose levels were comparable to Group 2 (positive control) but were still not as efficacious as standard drug Metformin. (p >0.05) These groups are Group 6 (high dose aqueous extract 12g/kg) and Group 9 (high dose alcohol extract 12g/kg). Groups administered with alcoholic extracts were shown to lower blood glucose levels compared to aqueous extracts. The alcoholic extract has exhibited significant higher hypoglycemic effects on STZ induced diabetic rats compared to aqueous extract. No side effects were observed during the course of treatment, even with high dosages.

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