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Journal articles on the topic 'Alabama – Race relations – History'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 27 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Padgett, Charles S. "“Without Hysteria or Unnecessary Disturbance”: Desegregation at Spring Hill College, Mobile, Alabama, 1948–1954." History of Education Quarterly 41, no. 2 (2001): 167–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2001.tb00083.x.

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Spring Hill College is Alabama's oldest institution of higher learning, one year older than the University of Alabama. Founded in 1830 by Michael Portier, the Catholic bishop of Mobile, it has been run by the Jesuits since 1847. When it desegregated in September, 1954, the four-year liberal arts college claimed 1,000 students, including its evening division in downtown Mobile. The desegregation of Spring Hill College (SHC) came just before the increased Ku Klux Klan (KKK) and White Citizens Council activity which led the backlash to the Supreme Court'sBrown v. Board of Educationdecision. Altho

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2

Jones, William P., and Brian Kelly. "Race, Class, and Power in the Alabama Coalfields, 1908-1921." Labour / Le Travail 50 (2002): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25149299.

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3

Mulcahy, Richard P., and Brian Kelly. "Race, Class, and Power in the Alabama Coalfields, 1908-21." Journal of Southern History 69, no. 1 (2003): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/30039907.

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4

McCartin, Joseph A., and Henry M. McKiven Jr. "Iron and Steel: Class, Race, and Community in Birmingham, Alabama, 1875-1920." Journal of Southern History 62, no. 3 (1996): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2211541.

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5

Kousser, J. Morgan, and Robert R. Dykstra. "The New History of Race Relations." Reviews in American History 22, no. 3 (1994): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2703018.

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6

Feldman, Glenn. "Labour repression in the American South: corporation, state, and race in Alabama's coal fields, 1917–1921." Historical Journal 37, no. 2 (1994): 343–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00016502.

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ABSTRACTThis article is a case study of labour strife in the Alabama coal fields from 1917 to 1921. It speaks to the broader issue of labour repression in the American South by examining the patterns of repression in one industry and in one state. Several revisionist works have been written recently refuting the alleged distinctiveness of the South on the labour issue. This article supplies evidence for a surprising degree of labour militancy; the type of militancy that has been used to buttress revisionist interpretations of the similarity of southern labour to that of other American regions.

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7

Lichtenstein, Alex, and Henry M. McKiven Jr. "Iron and Steel: Class, Race, and Community in Birmingham, Alabama, 1875-1920." Journal of American History 82, no. 3 (1995): 1231. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2945198.

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8

Strickland, Jeffery. "Review Essay: Race and Ethnicity in Nineteenth-Century Mobile, Alabama." Journal of Urban History 33, no. 1 (2006): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144206291423.

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9

Draper, Alan, and Robert H. Woodrum. ""Everybody Was Black Down There": Race and Industrial Change in the Alabama Coalfields." Journal of Southern History 74, no. 2 (2008): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27650205.

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10

Dorr, Gregory Michael. "Defective or Disabled?: Race, Medicine, and Eugenics in Progressive Era Virginia and Alabama." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 5, no. 4 (2006): 359–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400003224.

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Something was menacing the South during the Progressive Era. Southern physicians located the threat in the “germ plasm,” the genes, of the region's inhabitants. Writing in a now-infamous 1893 “open letter” published in the Virginia Medical Monthly, Hunter Holmes McGuire, a Richmond physician and president of the American Medical Association, asked for “some scientific explanation of the sexual perversion in the negro of the present day.” McGuire's correspondent, Chicago physician G. Frank Lydston, replied that African-American men raped white women because of “[h]ereditary influences descendin

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11

Davis-Hayes, Kenya. "Race Relations: A Critique." Journal of American Ethnic History 29, no. 1 (2009): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40543589.

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12

Gross, Ariela J. "Race, Law, and Comparative History." Law and History Review 29, no. 2 (2011): 549–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248011000083.

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What are we comparing when we compare law and race across cultures? This was once an easier question to answer. If we take “races” to be real categories existing in the world, then we can compare “race relations” and “racial classifications” in different legal systems, and measure the impact of different legal systems on the salience of racial distinction and the level of racial hierarchy in a given society. That was the approach of the leading comparativist scholars at mid-century. Frank Tannenbaum and Carl Degler compared race relations in the United States and Latin America, drawing heavily

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13

Fitzgerald, Michael W., and Henry M. McKiven. "Iron and Steel: Class, Race, and Community in Birmingham, Alabama, 1875- 1920." American Historical Review 101, no. 5 (1996): 1637. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2170353.

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14

Lewis, W. David, and Henry M. McKiven Jr. "Iron and Steel: Class, Race, and Community in Birmingham, Alabama, 1875-1920." Technology and Culture 38, no. 4 (1997): 984. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3106973.

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15

Novkov, Julie. "Racial Constructions: The Legal Regulation of Miscegenation in Alabama, 1890–1934." Law and History Review 20, no. 2 (2002): 225–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/744035.

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For over one hundred years—from the post–Civil War era to the post–Civil Rights era—the state of Alabama maintained a legal and social commitment to keeping blacks and whites from engaging in long-term sexual relationships with each other. Recent studies addressing the laws that barred miscegenation have shown that investigating governmental reactions to intimate interracial connections reveals much about the interplay between legal and social definitions of race as well as about the development of whiteness as a proxy for superior social, political, and legal status.

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16

Fowler, Mackenzie, Nicole Wright, Kristen Triebel, Gabrielle Rocque, Ryan Irvin, and Richard Kennedy. "The Relationship Between Prior Cancer Diagnosis and All-Cause Dementia Progression Among U.S. Adults." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (2021): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.383.

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Abstract Cancer-related cognitive impairment is a common effect of cancer that shares symptoms with dementia. Only one study examined cancer’s longitudinal association with dementia. This analysis expands to a larger clinical sample. Electronic health record data were extracted from July 2003-February 2020. Baseline cognition/progression on the Alabama Brief Cognitive Screener (ABCs) by cancer history were assessed using linear mixed effects models, with interaction by race. After adjustment for demographics/socioeconomics, those with cancer history had higher baseline cognition (□: 1.49 [0.91

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17

Williams, Vernon J. "A History of Race Relations Social Science." Explorations in Ethnic Studies 17, no. 2 (1994): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ees.1994.17.2.177.

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18

Cell, John W., and Alan J. Levin. "Race Relations within Western Expansion." American Historical Review 102, no. 4 (1997): 1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2170636.

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19

Chandler, Prentice T. "Blinded by the White: Social Studies and Raceless Pedagogies." Journal of Educational Thought / Revue de la Pensée Educative 43, no. 3 (2018): 259–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.55016/ojs/jet.v43i3.52295.

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This article examines the race related pedagogies of two white, male teachers in north Alabama. Drawing on the analysis of two qualitative case studies related to how they taught about race within the context of their American history courses, the author argues that teaching about race within their classes serves to reify and uphold white supremacy in the social studies curricula. The author describes the following themes that emerged throughout the research: a) liberal, incremental process, b) race neutrality and color-blindness, c) fear of teaching about race, and d) naturalization/essential

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20

GONZÁLEZ GROBA, CONSTANTE. "THE FORCES THAT CAME TOGETHER TO INFLICT THAT PAIN”: CLASS, RACE, AND SEXUALITY IN ELLEN FELDMAN’S SCOTTSBORO." Revista de Estudios Norteamericanos, no. 26 (2022): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ren.2022.i26.03.

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In the infamous Scottsboro case (Alabama, 1931), nine black youths were falsely accused of raping two low-class white girls that happened to be sexually promiscuous with both white and black males. The Scottsboro Boys were innocent victims of the southern rape complex and the automatic legal lynching of any black male accused of raping a white woman. The main character of Ellen Feldman’s novel Scottsboro (2008) is based largely on two progressive northern reporters, Mary Heaton Vorse and Hollace Ransdall, both of whom looked into the case. She visits Alabama and learns about the complex racial

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21

LaVigne, David J. ""Everybody Was Black down There": Race and Industrial Change in the Alabama Coalfields." Journal of American Ethnic History 28, no. 2 (2009): 110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40543398.

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22

White, Richard. "Race Relations in the American West." American Quarterly 38, no. 3 (1986): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2712674.

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23

Smith, Frederick H. "Whittington B. Johnson.Post-Emancipation Race Relations in the Bahamas.:Post‐Emancipation Race Relations in the Bahamas." American Historical Review 113, no. 3 (2008): 874–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.113.3.874.

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24

Page, Susan. "U.S. Race Relations and Foreign Policy." Michigan Journal of Race & Law, no. 26.0 (2021): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36643/mjrl.26.sp.us.

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It is easy for Americans to think that the world’s most egregious human rights abuses happen in other countries. In reality, our history is plagued by injustices, and our present reality is still stained by racism and inequality. While the Michigan Journal of International Law usually publishes only pieces with a global focus, we felt it prudent in these critically important times not to shy away from the problems facing our own country. We must understand our own history before we can strive to form a better union, whether the union be the United States or the United Nations. Ambassador Susan

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25

Gold, David. "Students Writing Race at Southern Public Women's Colleges, 1884–1945." History of Education Quarterly 50, no. 2 (2010): 182–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2010.00259.x.

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Scholars have long debated the complicity of Southern white women after the Civil War in helping create a racialist and racist regional identity and denying or delaying civil rights for African Americans. These studies have largely focused on the activities of elite white women property owners, club members, and writers. Yet few scholars have examined college women's activities in this regard, particularly those of the eight public colleges for women established in the South between 1884 and 1908: Mississippi State College for Women (MSCW) (1884), Georgia State College for Women (1889), Winthr

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26

Jennifer Brooks. "“John Chinaman” in Alabama: Immigration, Race, and Empire in the New South, 1870–1920." Journal of American Ethnic History 37, no. 2 (2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jamerethnhist.37.2.0005.

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27

McCrary, Peyton, and Stephen L. Wasby. "Race Relations Litigation in an Age of Complexity." Journal of Southern History 63, no. 1 (1997): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2211999.

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28

Brock, Euline W., and Michael J. Cassity. "Chains of Fear: American Race Relations Since Reconstruction." Journal of Southern History 51, no. 3 (1985): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2209279.

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29

Toplin, Robert Brent, and Michael J. Cassity. "Legacy of Fear: American Race Relations to 1900." Journal of Southern History 52, no. 2 (1986): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2209674.

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30

Davila, J. "Brazilian Race Relations in the Shadow of Apartheid." Radical History Review 2014, no. 119 (2014): 122–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-2401969.

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31

Akam, Everett, Alain LeRoy Locke, and Jeffrey C. Stewart. "Race Contacts and Interracial Relations: Lectures on the Theory and Practice of Race." Journal of American History 80, no. 2 (1993): 724. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2079987.

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32

FELDMAN, GLENN. "Race, Sex, Class and the Status Quo Society: Developing Racial, Political and Religious Attitudes in 1940s Alabama." History 91, no. 303 (2006): 360–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229x.2006.00370.x.

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33

Holdaway, Simon. "Police race relations in England: A history of policy." International Journal of Intercultural Relations 22, no. 3 (1998): 329–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0147-1767(98)00011-x.

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34

Binderman, Murray, and R. Fred Wacker. "Ethnicity, Pluralism, and Race: Race Relations Theory in American Before Myrdal." Social Forces 65, no. 1 (1986): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2578953.

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35

Mohammed Syahril Izat, Nurhidayah, and Azlina Abdul Aziz. "Literature Circle’s Understanding of Race and Race Relations in The Weight of Our Sky by Hanna Alkaf." Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH) 10, no. 5 (2025): e003152. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v10i5.3152.

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The exploration and depiction of race and race relations in literature, particularly through the documentation of historical events, is crucial in fostering dialogue and understanding among readers. Despite the sensitivity of this topic, literature serves as a pivotal platform for learning and comprehending the complexities of race and related issues. In the Malaysian context, the reluctance of the government to address the 1969 racial riots presents a barrier to understanding race relations. Thus, restricting the means of understanding our country's past history of race and race relations. He

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36

Sims, Randi L., and Ravi Chinta. "The mediating role of entrepreneurial ambition in the relationship between entrepreneurial efficacy and entrepreneurial drive for female nascent entrepreneurs." Gender in Management: An International Journal 35, no. 1 (2019): 76–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-09-2019-0158.

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Purpose Using Vroom’s expectancy theory of motivation as a theoretical basis, this study aims to test the relationship between female entrepreneurial efficacy, entrepreneurial ambition and nascent entrepreneurial drive, accounting for the potential barriers of race and minority disadvantage. Design/methodology/approach The sample included 950 respondents comprising 213 Black women and 737 White women living in the state of Alabama, USA, who expressed an intention to starting their own business. Findings The results indicate that race and perceptions of minority disadvantage are perceived barri

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37

Aynes, Richard L., and Stephen L. Wasby. "Race Relations Litigation in an Age of Complexity." American Journal of Legal History 41, no. 4 (1997): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/846088.

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38

Fitts, Robert K. "Baseball Cards and Race Relations." Journal of American Culture 17, no. 3 (1994): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734x.1994.t01-1-00075.x.

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39

Klarman, Michael J. "How Brown Changed Race Relations: The Backlash Thesis." Journal of American History 81, no. 1 (1994): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2080994.

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40

Shell-Weiss, Melanie. "The Interconnectedness of Immigration and Race Relations." Journal of American Ethnic History 28, no. 2 (2009): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40543390.

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41

Ortiz, Paul. "David Fort Godshalk.Veiled Visions: The 1906 Atlanta Race Riot and the Reshaping of American Race Relations.:Veiled Visions: The 1906 Atlanta Race Riot and the Reshaping of American Race Relations." American Historical Review 113, no. 2 (2008): 523–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.113.2.523.

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42

Dorr, G. M. "Veiled Visions: The 1906 Atlanta Race Riot and the Reshaping of American Race Relations." Journal of American History 93, no. 2 (2006): 554–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4486317.

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43

Jacoway, Elizabeth, and Edmund L. Drago. "Initiative, Paternalism, and Race Relations: Charleston's Avery Normal Institute." Journal of Southern History 58, no. 1 (1992): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2210509.

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44

Dupont, Carolyn, and Nancy Marie Robertson. "Christian Sisterhood, Race Relations, and the YWCA, 1906-46." Journal of Southern History 74, no. 4 (2008): 1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27650370.

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45

DEAN, D. "The Race Relations Policy of the First Wilson Government." Twentieth Century British History 11, no. 3 (2000): 259–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/11.3.259.

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46

Reed, Linda, and John Haley. "Charles N. Hunter and Race Relations in North Carolina." Journal of Southern History 54, no. 2 (1988): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2209433.

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47

Graves, John William, Harry J. Knopke, Robert J. Norrell, and Ronald W. Rogers. "Opening Doors: Perspectives on Race Relations in Contemporary America." Journal of Southern History 60, no. 2 (1994): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2210151.

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48

Fernandes, Gilberto. "“Oh Famous Race!”." Public Historian 38, no. 1 (2016): 18–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2016.38.1.18.

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This article examines the transnational and international politics and motivations behind the Eurocentric campaigns of Portuguese American heritage advocates to memorialize the sixteenth-century navigators Miguel Corte-Real and Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo as the “discoverers” of the United States’ Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and how those campaigns were framed by the advocates’ “ancestral” homeland’s imperialist propaganda. It argues that the study of public memory and heritage politics can offer valuable insights into the processes of diaspora building and helps reveal the asymmetrical power rel

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49

Johnson, Howard. "Post-Emancipation Race Relations in the Bahamas." Slavery & Abolition 30, no. 3 (2009): 483–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440390903098144.

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50

Knox, Katharine. "The gulf war and race relations in Britain." Patterns of Prejudice 29, no. 1 (1995): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0031322x.1995.9970145.

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