Relevant bibliographies by topics / Alaska, social conditions

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Alaska, social conditions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Alaska, social conditions"

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Grigorieva, Elena A., John E. Walsh, and Vladimir A. Alexeev. "Extremely Cold Climate and Social Vulnerability in Alaska: Problems and Prospects." Climate 12, no. 2 (February 2, 2024): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli12020020.

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Cold exposure remains a significant public health concern, particularly in the Arctic regions prone to extremely cold weather. While the physical health impacts of cold exposure are well documented, understanding the social vulnerability aspects is crucial for effective mitigation and policy development. This study investigates the multifaceted dimensions of social vulnerability in the face of cold temperatures across various communities in Alaska. Alaska, renowned for its extreme cold temperatures and harsh environmental conditions, poses unique challenges to its residents, particularly in the context of social vulnerability. Drawing on a combination of quantitative data analysis and qualitative insights, we examine the factors contributing to social vulnerability, including demographic, economic, geographic, and infrastructural elements, in terms of the Extremely Cold Social Vulnerability Index, for seven Public Health Regions in Alaska. The Universal Thermal Climate Index in two very cold categories (<−27 °C) was used to identify cold exposure. Factors such as income, housing quality, health status, and resilience of the population play crucial roles in determining an individual or community’s sensitivity to, and ability to cope with, cold temperatures. Our analysis reveals that social vulnerability in Alaska is not uniform but varies significantly among regions. The research findings highlight the importance of considering factors of both sensitivity and adaptivity in understanding and addressing social vulnerability, thereby informing the development of targeted strategies and policies to enhance the resilience of Alaskan communities. As cold temperatures are projected to continue to challenge the region, addressing social vulnerability is essential for ensuring the well-being and safety of Alaska’s diverse populations.
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Anderson, Clara, Malinda Chase, James Johnson, Debbie Mekiana, Drena McIntyre, Amelia Ruerup, and Sandy Kerr. "It Is Only New Because It Has Been Missing for so Long." American Journal of Evaluation 33, no. 4 (September 26, 2012): 566–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098214012449686.

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Despite 11,000 years of honing evaluation skills in order to thrive in some of the harshest climatic conditions on the planet, there are few Alaska Native program evaluators and until a recent exchange with New Zealand Maori, there was no collective vision for building Alaska Native capacity in program evaluation. This article tells the story of a recent project that represents the first concerted attempt at building the evaluation capacity of Alaska Natives. It is written by Alaska Native and Maori people involved in that project. This evaluation capacity building story is shared with the international evaluation community in the belief that others can learn from our experiences in attempting evaluation training across cultures and across the globe. The authors also hope that it will encourage other indigenous evaluators to share their stories so that a wider audience can benefit from the considerable knowledge about evaluation held by indigenous peoples.
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Sattenspiel, Lisa, and Svenn-Erik Mamelund. "COCIRCULATING EPIDEMICS, CHRONIC HEALTH PROBLEMS, AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN EARLY 20TH CENTURY LABRADOR AND ALASKA." Annals of Anthropological Practice 36, no. 2 (November 2012): 402–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/napa.12011.

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Buchyn, Mykola, and Anastasiia Brendak. "The issue of Alaska's status in the current Russian political rhetoric." Bulletin of Mariupol State University. Series: History. Political Studies 10, no. 28-29 (2020): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2830-2020-10-28-29-168-174.

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The problem of the legal status of Alaska and its reflection in the modern political rhetoric of the Russian Federation are considered in the article. The main reasons for the sale of Alaska by the Russian Empire to the United States of America were researched: the loss of the Russian empire in the Crimean War; remoteness of Alaska from the Russian capital; unprofitability of Alaska in then conditions; the desire to establish friendly relations with the US and other countries. It is found that the main reasons for the growing interest of the Russian Federation in changing the geopolitical status of Alaska at the present stage are the following: the presence of significant reserves of natural resources on the peninsula, including oil, gas, zinc, gold, wood, etc.; the importance of the geopolitical location of the peninsula, the possession of which gives access to the Arctic and the Northern Sea Route; imperial policy of the Russian Federation, etc. It is noted that the main political forces in Russia, advocating the return of the territory of Alaska to Russian jurisdiction, are the LDPR and its leader Volodymyr Zhyrynovskyi; Party of Veterans of Russia; Communist Party of the Russian Federation; individual political scientists, journalists, political figures. The nature of their statements about the revision of the status of Alaska, the active use of social networks to disseminate the opinion that Alaska should be returned under the jurisdiction of Russia, are revealed. It was determined that the Russian political rhetoric to change the geopolitical status of Alaska sounds only from certain political forces, but is not an official position of the current Russian government. At the same time, it was shown that the Russian Federation is strengthening its military presence in the territories adjacent to Alaska, that can be regarded as a desire to strengthen the influence and presence in the Arctic.
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Penn, Henry J. F., S. Craig Gerlach, and Philip A. Loring. "Seasons of Stress: Understanding the Dynamic Nature of People’s Ability to Respond to Change and Surprise." Weather, Climate, and Society 8, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 435–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-15-0061.1.

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Abstract Climate change is impacting coastal communities in rural Alaska in multiple direct and indirect ways. Here, findings are reported from ethnographic research done with municipal workers, community leaders, and other local experts in the Bristol Bay region of Alaska, where it is found that climate change is interacting with local social and environmental circumstances in ways more nuanced than are generally captured by frameworks for vulnerability analysis. Specifically, the research herein shows the importance of the temporal dimension of vulnerability to environmental change in rural Alaska, both in terms of temporal patterns that emerge from climate-driven stressors and also with respect to how, and under what conditions, people in rural communities may design or manage effective responses to change. There are multiple factors that play into how rural communities will be affected by some climatic or environmental stress; ultimately, the impacts of climatic and environmental stressors will differ depending on where, when, and how frequently they occur. To capture these interactions, two analytical concepts—community capacity and cumulative effects—are discussed and then incorporated into a visual tool for improved planning and vulnerability analysis.
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CHILTON, BRADLEY STEWART, and DAVID C. NICE. "Triggering Federal Court Intervention in State Prison Reform." Prison Journal 73, no. 1 (March 1993): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032855593073001003.

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What “triggers” federal court intervention in prison reform litigation? The authors present a causal model of federal judicial intervention in the prison reform litigation of 48 states (all except Alaska and Hawaii). From analysis of variables posited by numerous qualitative case studies to be critical, the causal model indicates that federal court intervention in state prison systems can be correlated to various factors, including political ideology, socioeconomic factors, and the “problem environment” of state prison conditions. The authors offer the analysis in the hope that it will stimulate additional discussion of the jurisprudence and behavior of federal judicial intervention in prison reform litigation.
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BASSETT, DEBORAH R., LONNIE NELSON, DOROTHY A. RHOADES, ELIZABETH M. KRANTZ, and ADAM OMIDPANAH. "A NATIONAL STUDY OF SOCIAL NETWORKS AND PERCEPTIONS OF HEALTH AMONG URBAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ALASKA NATIVES AND NON-HISPANIC WHITES." Journal of Biosocial Science 46, no. 4 (December 16, 2013): 556–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932013000679.

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SummaryUsing data from The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, the strength of social networks and the association of self-reported health among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) and non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) were compared. Differences in social network–health relationships between AI/ANs and NHWs were also examined. For both groups, those with fewer network members were more likely to report fair or poor health than those with average or more network members, and persons with the fewest types of relationships had worse self-reported health than those with the average or very diverse types of relationships. Furthermore, small social networks were associated with much worse self-reported health in AI/ANs than in NHWs.
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Danielson, Ramona, Collette Adamsen, and Agnieszka Mason. "Chronic Diseases and Self-Reported Health Status Among American Indian/Alaska Native Older Adults." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 624–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2382.

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Abstract Background: In the 1800s and 1900s, U.S. federal “Indian” policy (e.g., boarding schools, relocation) created historical trauma with impacts that reverberate today, such as the significant health challenges experienced among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations. Our study seeks to better understand the burden of chronic disease, and also resilience, among AI/AN older adults. Methods: Data came from Cycle VII (2018-2020) of the National Resource Center on Native American Aging’s “Identifying Our Needs: A Survey of Elders” survey of AI/AN adults ages 55+ from primarily rural tribal survey sites (N=20,642). Analysis explored self-assessed health status (very good/excellent, good, fair/poor) and looked for significant differences in prevalence of chronic conditions a doctor ever told them they had (e.g., high blood pressure, diabetes, depression, arthritis, asthma). Results: Self-reported health among AI/AN adults age 55+ was: 26% very good/excellent, 39% good, and 35% fair/poor. 87% of respondents had 1+ chronic illness; 37% had 3+. Among those reporting very good/excellent health, 75% had 1+ chronic illness and 19% had 3+. High blood pressure was the most common chronic disease, at 56% (44% for very good/excellent compared to 67% for fair/poor), followed by diabetes, at 36% (24% for very good/excellent compared to 46% for fair/poor). Conclusions: All of the chronic conditions examined showed significantly higher prevalence among AI/AN adults 55+ with fair/poor health. Notably, 1 in 5 respondents with 3 or more chronic conditions indicated very good/excellent health, reinforcing that successful aging can still be experienced by those with chronic health conditions.
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Panikkar, Bindu. "“Litigation Is Our Last Resort”." Nature and Culture 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 173–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/nc.2020.150204.

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The permitting of large-scale industrial mines is often controversial and litigious. This article examines three legal battles over the exploratory permitting of the Pebble mine in southwestern Alaska to examine the logics and rationalities used to legitimize the permitting, the alternate epistemic arguments made by the resistance movements to redraw state-constructed boundaries, and differing definitions of land-based resources, pollution, and bias. It asks how conflicting knowledge claims and epistemic injustice are debated and settled in court. All three legal cases observed demonstrate conditions of scientific uncertainty, undone science, and bias, failing to hold space for diverse representations within legal claims. Citizen science is partially successful in addressing epistemic injustice, but to effectively mediate justice, law must distinctively question both knowledge construction and phronetic risks, including values, intent, bias, privilege, and agency, and take into consideration the ontological multiplicities and civic epistemologies of the parties within legal claims.
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Brave Heart, Maria Yellow Horse, Roberto Lewis-Fernández, Janette Beals, Deborah S. Hasin, Luisa Sugaya, Shuai Wang, Bridget F. Grant, and Carlos Blanco. "Psychiatric disorders and mental health treatment in American Indians and Alaska Natives: results of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 51, no. 7 (May 2, 2016): 1033–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1225-4.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alaska, social conditions"

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Robinson, Deborah Butterworth. "Changing relationships to marine resources : the commercial salmon fishery in Old Harbor, Alaska." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23733.

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This thesis presents a case study conducted in 1994 concerning the effects of fishery management regulations on the Native village of Old Harbor, Alaska. Access to the traditional livelihood of harvesting marine resources has profound implications for the sustainability of the economy of Alaska's rural Native villages. The institution of the limited entry system in 1975 caused the transfer of commercial salmon fishing rights away from some Native fishermen and a reduction in local fishing jobs. Although the alternatives may have had similar or worse effects on the village, limited entry is perceived as a major cause of economic and social dysfunction. One of many factors that has integrated remote villages into the global market economy, it has exacerbated the uneven distribution of wealth in the community and contributed to a growing gulf between fishing as a business and a lifestyle.
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Hultgren, Viktoria, Layla Ibrahim, and Alwan Nagoua Hassan. "All-inclusive hotellens påverkan i Alanya : En fält- och intervjustudie om hållbarheten i destinationen." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-23376.

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Denna studie behandlar Turkiets turistdestination Alanya utifrån ett hållbarhetsperspektiv. Vidare om all-inclusivehotellens påverkan på destinationen. Syftet med studien är att undersöka de sociala, ekonomiska och miljömässiga faktorerna. För att analysera detta använder vi oss av teorier som berör hållbar utveckling och hållbar turism samt positiva och negativa aspekter av all-inclusivekonceptet. Metoden för undersökningen är kvalitativ där en fält- och intervjustudie genomförs i Alanya. För att studera den sociala påverkan på destinationen undersöks turister och lokalbefolkningen samt arbetsvillkoren för anställda. Dessutom undersöks de internationella reseföretagen och all-inclusivehotellens ekonomiska och miljömässiga påverkan på destinationen. Resultat visar att Alanya inte bara är en charterdestination utan en all-inclusivedestination. Den snabba uppkomsten av all-inclusivehotell har lett till en ohållbar utveckling för destinationen.
This essay concerns the tourist destination Alanya in Turkey from a sustainable perspective and the impact all-inclusivehotels have on the destination. The purpose of the essay is to examine social, economic and environmental impacts in Alanya. To analyse it we use theories of sustainable development and sustainable tourism together with theories of all-inclusivehotels benefits and disadvantages. A field- and interview survey was conducted in Alanya to study the social effect on the destination. Tourist, locals and employees working condition are examined. Furthermore the essay analyses international travel agencies and all-inclusivehotels environmental and economic impacts. Conclusion of the essay presents that Alanya is not only a charter destination, it’s an all-inclusive destination. The rapid grow of all-inclusivehotels in Alanya have affected an unsustainable development in the destination.
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Books on the topic "Alaska, social conditions"

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Rhonda, Mazza, Kruger Linda Everett, and Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland, Or.), eds. Social conditions and trends in southeast Alaska. Portland, Or: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2005.

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Oswalt, Wendell H. Bashful no longer: An Alaskan Eskimo ethnohistory, 1778-1988. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1990.

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Sharon, Araji, ed. Society: An Alaskan perspective : interdisciplinary book of introductory readings. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Pub., 1994.

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Grewe, Nicole. Elfin Cove, Alaska: Community survey report. [Juneau? Alaska]: Division of Community Advocacy, 2006.

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Cerveny, Lee K. Sociocultural effects of tourism in Hoonah, Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2007.

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Cerveny, Lee K. Sociocultural effects of tourism in Hoonah, Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2007.

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Cerveny, Lee K. Tourism and its effects on Southeast Alaska communities and resources: Case studies from Haines, Craig, and Hoonah, Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2005.

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Alaska. Municipal and Regional Assistance Division. Research & Analysis Section. and Alaska. Dept. of Community and Regional Affairs., eds. Alaska Department of Community & Regional Affairs community information summaries. [Juneau, Alaska]: The Department, 1997.

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Grewe, Nicole. Chenega Bay, Alaska: A community and shareholder survey report. [Juneau? Alaska]: Division of Community Advocacy, 2007.

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Chance, Norman A. The Iñupiatand Arctic Alaska: An ethnography of development. Fort Worth: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Alaska, social conditions"

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Gentilcore, David, and Egidio Priani. "Conclusion: Leaving the Asylum." In Mental Health in Historical Perspective, 141–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22496-6_9.

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AbstractIn this chapter, we examine the final stage in the life cycle of pellagrous patients—discharge or death. The nineteenth-century emphasis on the physicality of insanity lent itself to the treatment of pellagrous insanity, which responded well to the better diet and living conditions the asylums offered. Approximately two-thirds of pellagrous insane patients were discharged, either ‘cured’ or ‘improved’ (at least according to their patient files). We look at what happened to them when they were returned to their communities of origin, which includes repeat admittances. The remaining third of patients, alas, died in the asylum; most from the effects of the chronic diarrhoea that would have plagued them from the start. And we conclude this chapter, and the book, with comparison to other anthropogenic or societal diseases, such as obesity, and with recent claims regarding the close links between nutrition and mental health. Whilst these claims remain controversial, it is helpful to be reminded that a well-documented link between one particular diet and mental illness already exists, in the form of pellagra.
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Bryant, John P., and Roger W. Ruess. "Mammalian Herbivory, Ecosystem Engineering, and Ecological Cascades in Alaskan Boreal Forests." In Alaska's Changing Boreal Forest. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195154313.003.0019.

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The mammalian herbivores of the taiga forests include members of the largest (moose) and smallest (microtines) vertebrates that inhabit North American terrestrial biomes. Their abundance in a particular area fluctuates dramatically due to seasonal use of particular habitats (moose) and external factors that influence demographic processes (microtines). The low visibility of herbivores to the casual observer might suggest that these animals have minimal influence on the structure and the function of boreal forests. On the contrary, seedling herbivory by voles, leaf stripping by moose, or wholesale logging of mature trees by beaver can profoundly change forest structure and functioning. These plant-herbivore interactions have cascading effects on the physical, chemical, and biological components of the boreal ecosystem that shape the magnitude and direction of many physicochemical and biological processes. These processes, in turn, control the vertical and horizontal interactions of the biological community at large. Herbivores act as ecosystem engineers (Jones et al. 1994) in that they reshape the physical characteristics of the habitat, modify the resource array and population ecology of sympatric species, and influence the flux of energy and nutrients through soils and vegetation. Additionally, many herbivores are central to a variety of human activities. Both consumptive and nonconsumptive use of wildlife represents a pervasive aspect of life in the North. In this chapter, we examine the interactions of mammalian herbivores with their environment, with an emphasis on moose, and attempt to delineate the biotic and abiotic conditions under which herbivores influence the phenotypic expression of vegetation. We also examine the role of herbivores, and of wildlife in general, in the context of human perceptions and interactions with their environment. Human-environment interactions are both direct and indirect and pertain to a variety of social expressions. The relationship between humans and wildlife has economic, cultural, and psychological dimensions, which underscore the importance of these animals in a broader social, as well as ecological, context. Northern ecosystems such as the boreal forest are characterized by extreme seasonality and pronounced change in resource availability between summer and winter. Not surprisingly, these conditions are reflected in the population dynamics of the animals that inhabit these environments, particularly in smaller-bodied herbivores.
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Díaz-Godínez, Laura,, Antonia, Gutiérrez-Mora, Soledad, Morales-García, and José Juvencio, Castañeda-Nava. "Morphological evaluation of Dioscorea sparsiflora and D. alata minitubers irradiated by gamma rays." In CIERMMI Women in Science Biological, Humanities and Social Sciences, 58–65. ECORFAN, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35429/h.2023.7.1.58.65.

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Dioscorea genus comprises underground tubers with economic-nutritional importance. Plagues affect its production, and as in Mexico, there is no established farming system, so its utilization is limited. Using biotechnological tools, like in vitro culture and genetic improvement, has led to the development of varieties with important agronomic characteristics. In vitro propagated plants of D. sparsiflora and D. alata, acclimatized to greenhouse conditions, were radiated with different gamma ray doses (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 Gy) to improve their genetic characteristics. Minitubers were measured and weighed to identify differences between treatments. D. sparsiflora plants resisted all doses those with the biggest sizes were obtained when radiated with 30 Gy and higher radiation treatments. D. alata plants radiated with 50 and 60 Gy did not survive, and the highest number of tubers was obtained when radiating with 10 Gy
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Conference papers on the topic "Alaska, social conditions"

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Rodriguez, Luis, Juan Uribe, P. A. Munoz, Roberto Parrado, and Nestor Sanabria. "Petroleum Exploration Using New Technologies in 3D Seismic Operations in Arctic Environment - North Slope Alaska." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78064.

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Oil exploration in arctic regions is a very complex activity taking place in a sensitive environment, highlighted by social, wildlife and extreme weather conditions restricting operations to a very limited time window based on the opening of the Tundra season regulations which assesse the quality of the ice and snow coverage over frozen tundra, lakes and seas. Thanks to new technologies, oil exploration in the arctic environment takes a great steps in 3D seismic acquisition methods passing from cable recording equipment and the dependence of sensor connectivity to a recording center and replacing this system with a very versatile system of wireless receivers units equipped with GPS positioning and time stamp recording and storing the seismic data “in situ”. This new technology has allowed a high unit count of light receivers to operate in extreme conditions, which in the past was practically impossible given the limitations of the logistical support to carry out this type of operations in remote and difficult access areas. Definitely this technological development has allowed Repsol to explore a larger surface area in a single winter season acquiring high resolution seismic data that allows obtaining high quality images with better geophysical attributes. Seismic sources have also undergone a notable evolution through the use of high productivity techniques of vibrating trucks moving from a set of multiple vibrators to a single vibrator emission getting up to date simultaneous source acquisitions which allows recording more information without waiting for a second set of vibrators or single vibroseis truck to start shaking to emit energy to the ground. The ability to vibrate at the same time with many sets of single vibrators allows operation on frozen sea either with grounded ice or vibrating on floating ice expanding the exploration boundary to the open sea zones. The new technology has made it possible for Repsol to improve the operational capability of the crew without increasing the number of people or increasing the logistical support required to operate in remote and difficult access areas. This technological advance has allowed the improvement of the quality of oil exploration using 3D seismic techniques reducing the price per recorded trace or per surface source, increasing the possibility to acquire larger surfaces and better seismic data in a single winter season window. More importantly, these technologies have allowed affordable oil exploration with a high respect for the communities, the wildlife and the environment.
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Cnapelinckx, Pierre, and Fanny Castillo. "IDEA: An Integrated Set of Tools for Sustainable Nuclear Decommissioning Projects." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75699.

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Projects Decommissioning of nuclear installations constitutes an important challenge and shall prove to the public that the whole nuclear life cycle is fully mastered by the nuclear industry. When ceasing operation, nuclear installations owners and operators are looking for solutions in order to assess and keep decommissioning costs at a reasonable level, to fully characterize waste streams (in particular radiological inventories of difficult-to-measure radionuclides) and to reduce personnel exposure during the decommissioning activities taking into account several project, site and country specific constraints. In response to this need, Tractebel Engineering has developed IDEA (Integrated DEcommissioning Application), an integrated set of computer tools, to support the engineering activities to be carried out in the frame of a decommissioning project. IDEA provides optimized solutions from an economical, environmental, social and safety perspective. IDEA is based on the integration of the following computer tools: LLWAA-DECOM, VISIMODELLER/VISIPLAN and DBS. The LLWAA-DECOM module has been developed for the radiological characterization of contaminated systems and equipment. The module constitutes a specific part of more general software that was originally developed to characterize NPP radioactive waste streams in order to assist the Operators when declaring the radiological inventory of critical nuclides, in particular difficult-to-measure radionuclides, to the Authorities. In the case of LLWAA-DECOM, deposited activities inside contaminated equipment (piping, tanks, heat exchangers ...) and scaling factors between nuclides, at any given time of the decommissioning time schedule, are calculated on the basis of physical characteristics of the systems and of operational parameters of the nuclear power plant. The VISIMODELLER tool, a user friendly CAD interface developed to ease the introduction of lay-out areas in a software named VISIPLAN. VISIPLAN is a 3D dose rate assessment tool for ALARA work planning, developed by the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN. The DBS computer tool has been developed to manage the different kinds of activities that are part of the general time schedule of a decommissioning project. For each activity, when relevant, algorithms allow to estimate, on the basis of local inputs, radiological exposures of the operators (collective and individual doses), production of primary, secondary and tertiary waste and their characterization, production of conditioned waste, release of effluents, ... and enable the calculation and the presentation (histograms) of the global results for all activities together. Based on design and operating data from the Nuclear Power Plant to be dismantled and on the specificities of the country regarding radioactive waste management and disposal routes, IDEA will enable to prepare and manage a decommissioning project, in a sustainable way, leading to a greenfield or a reuse of the nuclear site after decommissioning of the plant. Moreover thanks to the characterization and definition of the optimal waste treatment and conditioning techniques, IDEA contributes to the long term safe management of the radioactive waste.
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Reports on the topic "Alaska, social conditions"

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Mazza, Rhonda, and Linda E. Kruger. Social conditions and trends in southeast Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-653.

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Miller, Odin. Winter travel, access, and changing snow and ice conditions in Alaska’s Copper River basin. National Park Service, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2298854.

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In Alaska’s Copper River Basin, less reliable snow and ice conditions, increasingly common in recent years, have presented challenges for winter activities such as trapping, hunting, and gathering firewood. While previous studies have drawn similar conclusions elsewhere in Alaska and the Circumpolar North, these impacts have not been explored in the Copper Basin, specifically. Data for this project were collected using a set of nine oral interviews, conducted with local residents who have extensive knowledge and experience with winter activities in the Copper River Basin. In past decades, crossing rivers was less treacherous and could be done earlier in the fall and later in the spring. During midwinter, travel across or along rivers and streams mostly tended to be predictable, with some exceptions. Over the course of several decades, people have observed large-scale changes in ice conditions. One of the most significant outcomes has been the difficulty this has created for trappers and others trying to access the east side of the Copper River during the winter months. Some Elders have noticed these changes beginning as long ago as the 1970s, or even earlier. Interview Respondents have described significant changes in winter snow conditions occurring since the mid-20th century, although these have been more inconsistent and irregular than corresponding changes in the ice conditions. Decreased snowpacks—especially during the early season—have increasingly presented an obstacle to winter access along the snowmachine trails used by trappers and others. Additionally, several interview respondents reported that increased shrub-growth had made it more difficult to travel across the winter landscape, requiring them to cut trails through the forest—something that never used to be necessary. Finally, several socio-economic and technological factors have interacted with climate change, impacting patterns of winter use of the Copper River Basin during the past several decades. This report was produced for Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve through a co-stewardship agreement with the Ahtna Intertribal Resource Commission, whose mission is to honor and integrate traditional knowledge and values through stewardship that is innovative and respectful of the land for all generations.
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