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Journal articles on the topic 'Albert Smith'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

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1

Hansen, Peter H. "Albert Smith, the Alpine Club, and the Invention of Mountaineering in Mid-Victorian Britain." Journal of British Studies 34, no. 3 (1995): 300–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386080.

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On August 12,1851, Albert Smith, a middle-aged journalist and entertainer, reached the summit of Mont Blanc with three Oxford students and sixteen guides. Smith and his companions were not the first people to climb Mont Blanc, the highest peak in the Alps. In 1786, two Chamonix natives climbed the peak, but over the next sixty-seven years the ascent of Mont Blanc was repeated only forty-five times. Yet after Albert Smith's dramatic account of this ascent made mountain climbing popular among the middle classes of Victorian England, Mont Blanc was climbed eighty-eight times in a five-year span. In 1852, John Murray's Handbook for Travellers in Switzerland, the bible for English tourists abroad, noted that the ascent “of Albert Smith, in 1851, has effectually popularized the enterprise.” While this could be construed as praise of Smith, it sounded very faint indeed when Murray asserted, “it is a somewhat remarkable fact that a large proportion of those who have made this ascent have been persons of unsound mind.” By 1858, however, Murray mentioned that twenty or thirty people now made the ascent each year, thanked Albert Smith for his help with the text, and purged all references to the mental health of mountaineers.Over the next decade, Murray's Handbook recorded numerous first ascents in the Alps during what later became known as the “Golden Age” of mountaineering. This article attempts to explain why mountaineering became popular during these years and to suggest the broader significance of mountaineering to the construction of new middle class and imperial cultures.

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2

White, Jerry. "Unsentimental Traveller: The London Novels of Albert Smith." London Journal 32, no. 1 (2007): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174963207x172920.

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3

Khalil, Elias L. "Adam Smith and Albert Einstein: The Aesthetic Principle of Truth." History of Economics Society Bulletin 11, no. 2 (1989): 222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1042771600005950.

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I argue for an aesthetic criterion of truth through the explication of the epistemologies of Adam Smith and Albert Einstein–the progenitors of modern economics and physics [cf. Skinner, 1979:ch. 2; Holton, 1968, 1979]. The aesthetic criterion supersedes objectivist and relativist epistemologies.

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4

Foster, Philip D. "“A Reader’s Hebrew and Greek Bible, 2nd ed.” edited by A. Philip Brown II, Bryan W. Smith, Richard J. Goodrich and Albert L. Lukaszewski." Theology in Scotland 28, no. 2 (2021): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/tis.v28i2.2335.

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Review of A. Philip Brown II and Bryan W. Smith (Hebrew and Aramaic OT), and Richard J. Goodrich and Albert L. Lukaszewski (Greek NT), eds., A Reader’s Hebrew and Greek Bible, 2nd ed. (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2020), pp. xxviii + 1652 (OT) + 585 (NT), ISBN 978-0310109938. £70.00

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5

Kuehn, Julia. "Colonial cosmopolitanism: Albert Smith and Rudyard Kipling in Victorian Hong Kong." Studies in Travel Writing 19, no. 3 (2015): 224–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645145.2015.1078167.

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6

Hansen, Peter H. "Albert Smith, l'Alpine Club et l’invention de l’alpinisme au milieu de l’ère Victorienne." STAPS 21, no. 51 (2000): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/staps.2000.1157.

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Le présent article tente d’expliquer pourquoi l’ascensionnisme devint populaire durant le milieu de l’ère Victorienne, et suggère la forte pertinence de l’alpinisme dans la construction de la culture impériale et de la culture de la nouvelle bourgeoisie. A travers sa personnalité, ses spectacles et sa popularité, Albert Smith incarne un ensemble de changements sociaux et culturels reliés entre eux, que les membres de la bourgeoisie de l’ Alpine Club instituèrent plus tard sous une forme de l’exploration impériale au travers de l’alpinisme Victorien. Dans l’espace culturel créé par le spectacle d’Albert Smith, les hommes de l’Alpine Club combinaient des définitions contemporaines de la distinction et de la masculinité, avec la géographie impériale imaginée de la bourgeoisie Victorienne. L’alpinisme aida à la légitimation de l’exploration et de la large expansion impériale en transformant l’impérialisme d’une abstraction en quelque chose de tangible et réellement accessible pour les hommes ambitieux de la classe professionnelle. Si les ascensions attiraient tant l’attention dans la Culture Britannique c’est parce que la manière dont elles représentaient la virilité et la puissance nationales étaient largement partagées. En effet, l’acceptation d’une culture populaire impériale à la fin du XIXe siècle n’apparut pas de novo ; elle se construisit sur l’invention de pratiques culturelles telles que l’alpinisme durant les décennies du milieu de l’ère Victorienne.

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7

Ross, Annie. ""Our Mother Earth Is My Purpose": Recollections From Mr. Albert Smith, Na'ashó'ii dich'ízhii." American Indian Culture and Research Journal 37, no. 1 (2013): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/aicr.37.1.2523454r80648751.

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This article is based upon interviews dating from 1999 to 2010 with Mr. Albert Smith (Na'asho'ii dich'izhii), chronicling his personal experiences, motivation, purpose, and goal in serving in World War II as a code talker. He describes the iconic significance of his Navajo Code Talker uniform, and most importantly, how it symbolizes the Sacred Home/Land he worked to protect by serving in the US Marines during World War II. The article conveys firsthand information regarding indigenous environmental practice through warrior work, the role of spirituality in maintaining health, both in the field and upon return to home, and how Navajo worldview motivated his actions.

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8

Eaton, Antoinette Parisi. "Response to Dr Smith." Pediatrics 96, no. 4 (1995): 857–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.96.4.857.

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I am pleased to have the opportunity to comment on Dr Smith's article. He has shared with us collaborative approaches to the organization and delivery of health care that have been used in the Dallas inner city to break down structural and cultural barriers to health care at the community level. In the June 1994 issue of Pediatrics, Albert Scheiner points out that "Ninety-five percent of pediatric health care is provided in the community .... All community practice settings are home ground for the family and the child and provide opportunities for a continuity of care experience that is family-centered and that includes such concepts as child advocacy, disease prevention, and health promotion."1 Dr Smith aptly points out that rapidly evolving changes in the health care system and health care financing can provide an opportunity to accomplish many of the positive changes for children that pediatricians long have sought. I would like to share some thoughts about how we create the health care, education, and research components of the new community pediatrics. New kinds of collaboration will be critical to developing these components, and such collaboration will challenge all of us to partner with institutions and individuals with whom in the past we may have been unfamiliar or even uncomfortable. Because it is always good to define our terms, let us take as a starting point Haggerty's definition of community pediatrics,2 which captures the essence of the Dallas program. Says Haggerty: Community pediatrics seeks to provide a far more realistic and complete clinical picture by taking responsibility for all children in a community, providing preventive and curative services, and understanding the determinants and consequences of child health and illness, as well as the effectiveness of services provided.

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9

MCINTYRE, ROY W. "A COMPARISON BETWEEN ‘PART OF SCOTLAND’ ON WILLIAM SMITH'S MAPS AND CONTEMPORARY MAPS OF SCOTLAND BY LOUIS-ALBERT NECKER AND JEAN-FRANÇOIS BERGER." Earth Sciences History 39, no. 1 (2020): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-39.1.88.

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William Smith's 1815 geologic map A Delineation of the Strata of England and Wales with Part of Scotland did not initially portray the stratum ‘Trap Rocks’. He did, however, include ‘Trap Rocks’ on the much simplified, reduced-scale 1820 map entitled A New Geological Map of England and Wales, a revision of his 1815 map. On the 1820 map, outcrop patterns in the Midland Valley resemble patterns seen on two earlier maps of Scotland; those by Louis-Albert Necker de Saussure in 1808 and Jean-François Berger in 1816. The present comparison examines all the changes Smith made in Scotland between his 1815 map and his 1820 map, and relates them to what is on the two earlier maps by Necker and Berger. What might not be known is how Smith learned of the maps by Necker and Berger and what they showed.

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10

MOORE, RONALD. "Albert William Levi and Ralph Smith, Art Education: A Critical Necessity RALPH SMITH AND ALAN SIMPSON, Eds., Aesthetics and Arts Education." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 51, no. 1 (1993): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540_6245.jaac51.1.0083.

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11

Magonet, Jonathan. "Editorial." European Judaism 53, no. 2 (2020): v—ix. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ej.2020.530201.

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This issue contains the papers given at a special conference held at Leo Baeck College (22 May 2019), ‘Albert Friedlander: Comprehension, Compassion and Conciliation’, reflecting on his life and achievements. Among his many activities and achievements, Rabbi Dr Albert Friedlander z’l (1927–2004) was editor of this journal (1982–2004) and we marked his passing with many personal tributes (European Judaism 37, no. 2 [Autumn 2004], 103–122). However, this conference provides an opportunity to explore different aspects of his life and work. Originally conceived by Rabbi Dr Frank Dabba Smith in conversations with Evelyn Friedlander, he organised it together with Professor Michael Berkowitz, UCL, Rabbi Dr Deborah Kahn-Harris, Principal of Leo Baeck College, and Cassy Sachar, the Senior Librarian of the College, who developed an exhibition based on following traces of Rabbi Friedlander’s activities to be found in the library. As well as the papers included here, there was a panel chaired by Rabbi Dr Charles H. Middleburgh, Dean and Director of Studies of the College, including memories from Rabbi Colin Eimer, Rabbi Ariel Friedlander (via video link) and Rabbi Awraham Soetendorp. Evelyn Friedlander was interviewed by Frank Dabba Smith; it was fortunate that she could participate as she was frail due to ill health. Concluding remarks were given by Professor Lord John Alderdice (Director, Centre for the Resolution of Intractable Conflict, Harris-Manchester College, Oxford University). Plans are underway for a further conference, broadening the theme.

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12

Bergera, Gary James. "Transgression in the LDS Community: The Cases of Albert Carrington, Richard R. Lyman, and Joseph F. Smith Part 3: Joseph F. Smith." Journal of Mormon History 38, no. 1 (2012): 98–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/23292681.

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13

Maitland, Ian. "Virtuous Markets: The Market as School of the Virtues." Business Ethics Quarterly 7, no. 1 (1997): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3857230.

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Abstract:In a commercial society, said Adam Smith, “every man becomes in some measure a merchant.” If Smith is right, what does that mean for the character of the society? This paper addresses the character forming effects of the market—and, specifically its impact on the “virtues.” There is a long tradition of viewing commerce as subversive of the virtues. In this view, the market is held to have legitimated the pursuit of narrow self-interest at the expense of social and civic obligations and moral restraints. But, as Albert Hirschman has shown, many Enlightenment moralists saw commercial society as a moralizing force. Which view is right? This paper examines how many of the character traits that we commonly call virtues are rewarded—and so presumably reinforced and diffused—by the market. In this way, the market (as it were by a hidden hand) strengthens its own foundations and reproduces a moral culture that is functional to its own needs.

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14

Smith, Michael G. "The First Concrete Auto Factory." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 78, no. 4 (2019): 442–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2019.78.4.442.

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One of the landmark architectural advances of the twentieth century was the first automobile plant constructed of steel-reinforced concrete, an achievement that heralded the use of a revolutionary building technology for the largest and fastest-growing new industry in the United States. Numerous sources credit architect Albert Kahn with that first concrete auto plant as a result of his 1905 design for the Packard Motor Car Company's Building No. 10. However, as Michael G. Smith demonstrates in The First Concrete Auto Factory: An Error in the Historical Record, the Cadillac Motor Car plant in Detroit, designed by architect George D. Mason, preceded Packard No. 10. Moreover, Julius Kahn, Albert's brother, oversaw the engineering and construction of both the Cadillac plant and Packard No. 10, making essential contributions to both that have gone unrecognized until now. Smith describes how this significant error in the historical record came about and remained uncorrected even as researchers and writers pursued the subject.

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15

Kuehn, Julia. "Journeys to a war, and the literature of the 1860s and 1870s." Literature & History 29, no. 1 (2020): 60–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306197320907455.

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Analysing Albert Smith’s and Charley Dickens’s 1858 and 1860 trips to the sites of the Second Anglo-Chinese War, the article suggests that the experience of war, especially of wars fought abroad, is characterised by affective unease and epistemological breakdowns. Smith and Dickens enact war tourism in Hong Kong, Canton and Shanghai as they perform incongruous and tone-deaf cross-cultural relations in a ‘theatre of war’. Similarly, contemporary novels reveal the complicated entanglements of the Sino-British (opium) relationship as writers try to make sense of a world in which cultural contact is fraught with violence and cognition is brought to its limits.

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16

Oliver, Adam. "Incentivising improvements in health care delivery." Health Economics, Policy and Law 10, no. 3 (2015): 327–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744133114000504.

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AbstractThis Special Section of Health Economics, Policy and Law begins with an article on the different ways in which one might incentivise improved performance among health care providers. I asked five experts on performance management, Gwyn Bevan, Tim Doran, Peter Smith, Sandra Tanenbaum and Karsten Vrangbaek, to write brief reactions to the article and to the notion of performance management in health care in general. The commentators were given an open remit to be as critical as they wished to be, and their reactions can be found in the pages that follow. I would like to thank Albert Weale for reviewing all of the articles, and Katie Brennan for serving as the catalyst for this collection.

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17

Bartels, Ronald H. M. A., and Jan Goffin. "Albert Dereymaeker and Joseph Cyriel Mulier’s description of anterior cervical discectomy with fusion in 1955." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 28, no. 4 (2018): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.7.spine17182.

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Anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF) is a very well-known and often-performed procedure in the practice of spine surgeons. The earliest descriptions of the technique have always been attributed to Cloward, Smith, and Robinson. However, in the French literature, this procedure was also described by others during the exact same time period (in the 1950s).At a meeting in Paris in 1955, Belgians Albert Dereymaeker and Joseph Cyriel Mulier, a neurosurgeon and an orthopedic surgeon, respectively, described the technique that involved an anterior cervical discectomy and the placement of an iliac crest graft in the intervertebral disc space. In 1956, a summary of their oral presentation was published, and a subsequent paper—an illustrated description of the technique and the details of a larger case series with a 3.5-year follow-up period—followed in 1958.The list of authors who first described ACDF should be completed by adding Dereymaeker’s and Mulier’s names. They made an important contribution to the practice of spinal surgery that was not generally known because they published in French.

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18

Capps, Linnea, and Clyde Lanford (Lanny) Smith. "Honoring Vic Sidel." Social Medicine 11, no. 3 (2018): 90–97. https://doi.org/10.71164/socialmedicine.v11i3.2018.995.

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Victor W. Sidel, MD, a long-time member of the faculty of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center passed away on January 30, 2018. He was 86 years old. Dr, Sidel had dual appointments in Family and Social Medicine and Epidemiology and Population Health. He was pre-deceased by his wife, Ruth. This interview was published in October of 2013 as part of a Festschrift devoted to Vic’s life and work. It explores several aspects of his long career, concentrating on activism and social justice issues. The transcript is based on two interviews. One was conducted by Lanny Smith, MD, MPH, DTM&H, and the other by Linnea Capps, MD, MPH. The final transcript was edited by Drs. Victor Sidel, Ruth Sidel, and Matthew Anderson.

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19

Albera, François. "Faire voir." Cahiers du Centre de Linguistique et des Sciences du Langage, no. 1 (July 17, 1992): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/la.cdclsl.1992.3104.

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PARLANT DE GEORGES-ALBERT SMITH qui, vers 1900 à Brighton, passa de la photographie au cinéma, Georges Sadoul évoque ainsi « l'évolution décisive» que fit accomplir au cinéma ce réalisateur britannique : Il a dépassé l'optique dtEdison, qui est celle du zootrope ou du théâtre de marionnettes, celle de Lumière qui est celle d'un photographe animant une seule de ses épreuves, celle de Méliès qui est celle du « Monsieur de l'orchestre ». La caméra est devenue mobile comme l'oeil humain, comme l'oeil du spectateur ou comme l'oeil du héros du film. L'appareil est désormais une créature mouvante, active, un personnage du drame. Le metteur en scène impose ses divers points de vue au spectateur. La scène-écran de Méliès est brisée. Le « monsieur de l'orchestre » s'élève sur un tapis vol ant. Cette nouvelle optique [...] est celle du montage au sens moderne du mot.

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20

Bergera, Gary James. "Transgression in the LDS Community: The Cases of Albert Carrington, Richard R. Lyman, and Joseph F. Smith: Part 1." Journal of Mormon History 37, no. 3 (2011): 118–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/23292726.

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21

Lauster, Martina, and Margaret A. Rose. "Flaneurs & Idlers: Louis Huart, 'Physiologie du flaneur' (1841); Albert Smith, 'The Natural History of the Idler upon Town' (1848)." Modern Language Review 103, no. 4 (2008): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20468041.

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22

Daughtrey, Zachary S. "The Iron Dice of Battle: Albert Sidney Johnston and the Civil War in the West by Timothy B. Smith (review)." Journal of Southern History 91, no. 1 (2025): 165–66. https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2025.a950531.

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23

Mortenson, Christopher R. "The Iron Dice of Battle: Albert Sidney Johnston and the Civil War in the West by Timothy B. Smith (review)." Journal of the Civil War Era 15, no. 2 (2025): 247–49. https://doi.org/10.1353/cwe.2025.a961130.

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24

Santos, Maria Elisabete Pereira dos, and Renata Alvarez Rossi. "Pandemia e Política." NAU Social 11, no. 20 (2020): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ns.v11i20.36632.

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<p class="Corpo">Este texto passeia por alguns dilemas da nossa política em tempos de pandemia. Recorre a Albert Camus e a pensadores clássicos no campo do liberalismo, como Bernard Mandeville, Adam Smith e Friedrich Hayek, para discutir o significado, em tempos idos e nos dias de hoje, da exacerbação da tese da liberdade individual, em contextos de crise sanitária. Hannah Arendt, Richard Sennett e Wilhelm Reich, com Zé Ninguém, ajuda-nos a refletir sobre a complexa associação entre pandemia, autoritarismo e neofascismo. O texto recorre ainda a Lilia Schwarcz e a Jessé de Souza, com o objetivo de explicitar as raízes escravistas e autoritárias da sociedade brasileira. A discussão estrutura-se a partir da recorrência a textos dos referidos autores e conclui pela necessidade, no atual contexto de esquecimento da política, ataque à democracia liberal burguesa e hegemonia de forças políticas de extrema direita, nestes tempos de Zé Ninguém, de reinventar a esfera pública, a politica e o futuro.</p>

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25

PASS, FORREST D. "Strange Whims of Crest Fiends: Marketing Heraldry in the United States, 1880–1980." Journal of American Studies 50, no. 3 (2015): 587–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875815000675.

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The display of a “family crest” to signal family identity is prevalent in the contemporary United States. However, during the Gilded Age of the late nineteenth century, many American commentators perceived the widespread use of heraldry by the high bourgeoisie as at best a mark of social pretension and at worst a symptom of an un-American predilection for aristocracy. Over the course of a century, heraldic entrepreneurs sought to broaden the market for family crests, and in doing so Americanized heraldic practice. The early projects of Albert Welles, Frank Allaben and Frances M. Smith linked heraldry with new approaches to genealogical research and encouraged its use by a broad cross section of American society. In the late twentieth century, entrepreneur Gary Halbert sold millions of heraldic mementos that epitomized the modern commodification of history and identity. The result of a century of marketing is an American heraldry that is both more accessible than its European antecedents and less closely tied to verifiable genealogical relationships.

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26

Mackechnie, Aonghus, and Florian Urban. "Balmoral Castle: National Architecture in a European Context." Architectural History 58 (2015): 159–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066622x00002628.

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Queen Victoria (1819-1901) and Prince Albert (1819-61) first visited Scotland in 1842 when they were both twenty-three years old. What began as a puppy love turned into a life-long affection for the country its landscape and its architecture. Their passion culminated in 1852-56, when they had their holiday home, Balmoral Castle, built in the remote hills near Aberdeen, following a design by the Aberdonian architects John Smith (1781-1852) and his son William (1817-91). This article will analyse Balmoral Castle as an example of what we will call ‘built unionism’, that is, a building that promoted the royal couple's agenda of underlining the union between England and Scotland and the strength of the British nation. At the same time, we will show how this building communicated ideas about national revival that, at the time, were also developing in many other European countries, and particularly in Germany.

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27

Pyenson, Lewis. "Just the FactsThe Collected Papers of Albert Einstein. Volume I: The Early Years, 1879-1902. Albert Einstein , John Stachel , David C. Cassidy , Robert Schulmann , Jürgen Renn , Olga Griminger , Gary Smith , Robert SummerfieldThe Collected Papers of Albert Einstein. Volume I: The Early Years, 1879-1902. English Translation. Albert Einstein , Anna Beck , Peter Havas." Isis 80, no. 1 (1989): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/354953.

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28

Petersen, Ronald H. "Four master teachers who fostered American turn-of-the-(20TH)-century mycology and plant pathology." Mycotaxon 136, no. 1 (2021): 1–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/136.1.

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The Morrill Act of 1862 afforded the US states the opportunity to found state colleges with agriculture as part of their mission—the so-called "land-grant colleges." The Hatch Act of 1887 gave the same opportunity for agricultural experiment stations as functions of the land-grant colleges, and the "third Morrill Act" (the Smith-Lever Act) of 1914 added an extension dimension to the experiment stations. Overall, the end of the 19th century and the first quarter of the 20th was a time for growing appreciation for, and growth of institutional education in the natural sciences, especially botany and its specialties, mycology, and phytopathology. This paper outlines a particular genealogy of mycologists and plant pathologists representative of this era. Professor Albert Nelson Prentiss, first of Michigan State then of Cornell, Professor William Russel Dudley of Cornell and Stanford, Professor Mason Blanchard Thomas of Wabash College, and Professor Herbert Hice Whetzel of Cornell Plant Pathology were major players in the scenario. The supporting cast, the students selected, trained, and guided by these men, was legion, a few of whom are briefly traced here.

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29

Kim, Uriah Y. "A Reader's Hebrew and Greek Bible - Edited by A. Philip Brown II, Bryan W. Smith, Richard J. Goodrich, and Albert L. Lukaszewski." Reviews in Religion & Theology 18, no. 1 (2010): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9418.2010.00626.x.

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30

Lauster, Martina. "Flaneurs & Idlers: Louis Huart, 'Physiologie du flaneur' (1841); Albert Smith, 'The Natural History of the Idler upon Town' (1848) by Margaret A. Rose." Modern Language Review 103, no. 4 (2008): 1096–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mlr.2008.0476.

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31

Bergera, Gary James. "Transgression in the Latter-day Saint Community: The Cases of Albert Carrington, Richard R. Lyman, and Joseph F. Smith Part 2: Richard R. Lyman." Journal of Mormon History 37, no. 4 (2011): 173–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/23292607.

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32

Wong, William W., Nancy F. Butte, Albert C. Hergenroeder, Rebecca B. Hill, Janice E. Stuff, and E. O’Brian Smith. "Are basal metabolic rate prediction equations appropriate for female children and adolescents?" Journal of Applied Physiology 81, no. 6 (1996): 2407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1996.81.6.2407.

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Wong, William W., Nancy F. Butte, Albert C. Hergenroeder, Rebecca B. Hill, Janice E. Stuff, and E. O’Brian Smith. Are basal metabolic rate prediction equations appropriate for female children and adolescents? J. Appl. Physiol. 81(6): 2407–2414, 1996.—The basal metabolic rate (BMR), which accounts for 50–70% of total energy expenditure, is essential for estimation of patient and population energy needs. Numerous equations have been formulated for prediction of human BMR. Most equations in current use are based on measurements of Caucasians performed more than four decades ago. We evaluated 10 prediction equations commonly used for estimation of BMR in 76 Caucasian and 42 African-American girls between 8 and 17 yr of age against BMR measured by whole-body calorimetry. The majority of the prediction equations (9 of 10) overestimated BMR by 60 ± 46 kcal/day (range, 15–176 kcal/day). This overestimation was found to be significantly greater ( P < 0.05) for African-Americans (77 ± 17 kcal/day) than for Caucasians (25 ± 17 kcal/day) in six equations, controlling for age, weight, and sexual maturity. We conclude that ethnicity is an important factor in estimation of the BMR and that the current prediction equations are not appropriate for accurate estimation of the BMR of individual female children and adolescents.

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Maulana, Arman. "KEBEBASAN DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB BISNIS: SEBUAH PENELITIAN FILSAFAT BISNIS." EKBIS (Ekonomi & Bisnis) 11, no. 2 (2023): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.56689/ekbis.v11i2.1162.

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Penelitian ini menggali konsep dualitas antara kebebasan dan tanggung jawab dalam konteks bisnis, dengan menitikberatkan pada pandangan filsafat bisnis tokoh-tokoh seperti Milton Friedman, John Stuart Mill, Immanuel Kant, Peter Drucker, Adam Smith, dan Albert Carr. Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana dua konsep ini dapat berdampingan dan diatur untuk mencapai keseimbangan yang diperlukan dalam lingkungan bisnis. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebebasan dan tanggung jawab tidak harus dipandang sebagai pilihan eksklusif, melainkan sebagai dualitas yang dapat saling melengkapi. Sebagai contoh, analisis terhadap pandangan Friedman tentang kebebasan bisnis sebagai fokus utama perusahaan, sementara pertanyaan kritis diajukan terkait dampak sosial dan lingkungan, menggambarkan kompleksitas hubungan antara kebebasan dan tanggung jawab. Kesimpulan penelitian menekankan pentingnya menyadari bahwa pengaturan yang tepat antara kebebasan dan tanggung jawab dapat membentuk budaya perusahaan yang dinamis dan beretika. Sementara itu, saran praktis diberikan kepada pemangku kepentingan bisnis untuk memahami nilai-nilai organisasi dan memastikan integrasi kebebasan dan tanggung jawab dalam pengambilan keputusan dan kebijakan. Penelitian ini diakhiri dengan mencetuskan wawasan untuk penelitian lanjutan yang dapat lebih mendalam menggali dampak konkret dari integrasi kebebasan dan tanggung jawab dalam berbagai konteks industri dan budaya organisasi. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pemahaman filosofis tentang dualitas ini dan menawarkan pandangan praktis untuk membentuk budaya bisnis yang berkelanjutan dan etis.

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da Silva Diefenthaeler, Samantha, and Carla Cerqueira. "Reflections Around Comic Gaze: From the Female Gaze in the early years of Cinema to the Performance Servitudes, By Jesper Just." International Journal of Film and Media Arts 7, no. 1 (2022): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24140/ijfma.v7.n1.04.

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This article has as its main objective to reflect on the influences of the female defiant gaze in the early years of cinema history in order to prove its contemporary influence. From the analysis of three irreverent visual gags present in the early years of cinema, in which the woman breaks with the power of the camera by looking directly at the device - Subject for the Rogue ‘s Gallery (A.E. Weed, 1904), Mary Jane’s Mishap [Don’t Fool with the Paraffin] (George Albert Smith, 1903), and One Week (Buster Keaton, Edward F. Cline, 1920) -, we propose a theoretical reflection that allows us to define a concept that we call Comic Gaze. This is related to the concerns and proposals of the challenge imposed by the gaze of a woman directly at the camera. We base this problematization on Laura Mulvey’s proposal on the Male Gaze (1975) and bell hooks’ on the Oppositional Gaze (1992), which allow us to advance that this direct gaze of the woman to the cinematographic camera ends up destabilizing the authority of the male perspective on their bodies and works as a logic of visual resistance. Therefore, the central objective of this article is to investigate and contrast this irreverent gaze in order to finally understand if it is still present in contemporary performance Servitudes (Jesper Just), connecting these distinct works despite the temporal distance between them.

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Raffaele, Herbert A. "Natural Resource Administration: Introducing a New Methodology for Management Development. Westview Special Studies in Natural Resources and Energy Management.C. West Churchman , Albert H. Rosenthal , Spencer H. Smith." Quarterly Review of Biology 61, no. 1 (1986): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/414832.

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Barr, William. "‘The cold of Valparaiso’: the disintegration of William Kennedy's second Franklin search expedition, 1853–1854." Polar Record 34, no. 190 (1998): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400025675.

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AbstractIn the autumn of 1852, convinced that a successful search for her husband's missing expedition via Bering Strait could only be guaranteed by using a steam vessel, Jane, Lady Franklin, decided to dispatch such a vessel herself (this was the third such expedition she mounted). Her choice of vessel fell on the screw schooner Isabel, which Captain E.A. Inglefield had just brought back from his search of Smith Sound and Jones Sound. The captain she selected was William Kennedy, who, with Enseigne-de-vaisseau Joseph-René Bellot as second-in-command, had just returned from an expedition to the eastern Arctic in Prince Albert. After a few brief months of hectic preparations, in which Lady Franklin and her niece Sophia Cracroft played an unusually active role, Isabel sailed from the Thames on 1 April 1853, bound for Bering Strait via the Strait of Magellan. Despite warnings not to do so (largely due to the danger of losing his crew to the lure of the Californian and Australian gold rushes), Kennedy put into Valparaiso on 26 August 1853. Almost all his officers and crew jumped ship. After more than two years of frustration, during which he generated some revenue by several coastal voyages off Chile, at Lady Franklin's request Kennedy brought Isabel back to England in early December 1855. Isabel was found to have dry rot and was sold. Kennedy fell out with Lady Franklin and did not participate in any further Arctic searches.

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Diefenthaeler, S. S., and C. Cerqueira. "Reflections Around Comic Gaze: From the Female Gaze in the early years of Cinema to the Performance Servitudes, By Jesper Just." International Journal of Film and Media Arts 7, no. 1 (2022): 75–93. https://doi.org/10.24140/ijfma.v7.n1.04.

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This article has as its main objective to reflect on the influences of the female defiant gaze in the early years of cinema history in order to prove its contemporary influence. From the analysis of three irreverent visual gags present in the early years of cinema, in which the woman breaks with the power of the camera by looking directly at the device - Subject for the Rogue ‘s Gallery (A.E. Weed, 1904), Mary Jane’s Mishap [Don’t Fool with the Paraffin] (George Albert Smith, 1903), and One Week (Buster Keaton, Edward F. Cline, 1920) -, we propose a theoretical reflection that allows us to define a concept that we call Comic Gaze. This is related to the concerns and proposals of the challenge imposed by the gaze of a woman directly at the camera. We base this problematization on Laura Mulvey’s proposal on the Male Gaze (1975) and bell hooks’ on the Oppositional Gaze (1992), which allow us to advance that this direct gaze of the woman to the cinematographic camera ends up destabilizing the authority of the male perspective on their bodies and works as a logic of visual resistance. Therefore, the central objective of this article is to investigate and contrast this irreverent gaze in order to finally understand if it is still present in contemporary performance Servitudes (Jesper Just), connecting these distinct works despite the temporal distance between them.

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King, Heather. "Cecil E. Bohanon and Michelle Albert Vachris, Pride and Profit: The Intersection of Jane Austen and Adam Smith (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2015), 181 pp., $80. ISBN: 9780739191835." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 40, no. 1 (2018): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837217000141.

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Omkar, V. Yadav, and R. Yankanchi S. "PRELIMINARY STUDY OF HERPETOFAUNAL DIVERSITY IN RADHANAGARI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY (WLS), KOLHAPUR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA." Biolife 2, no. 4 (2022): 1154–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7238205.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> The present study was undertaken to the survey of Herpetofauna carried out in the selected area of Radahanagari Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS), Kolhapur district, Maharashtra during June 2013 to May 2014. The Radahanagari Wild Life Sanctuary is located between 16°10” to 16°30” north latitude and 73°52” to 74°14” east longitude. During survey, we reported 56 species of herpetofauna which represents about 6.5% of all known Herpetofauna from India. All reported species belong to 42 genera distributed among the 20 families in which 34 species of Reptiles belonging to 12 families are distributed over 26 genera and 22 species of amphibians belonging to 8 families are scattered over 16 genera. The present study indicates that species count at Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary is likely to increase with additional surveys and systematic work. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Diversity, Herpetofauna, Radhanagari WLS.   <strong>REFERENCES</strong> Aengals, R., V.M. Sathish Kumar & M. J. Palot: Updated Checklist of Indian Reptiles, (2012). Bossuyt, F.: A new species of <em>Philautus </em>(Anura: Ranidae) from the Western Ghats of India. <em>J. of Herp., </em>36(4), 656–661 (2002). Boulenger, G.A.: The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma: Reptilia and Batrachia, London (1890). Daniels, J.C.: The book of Indian Reptiles and Amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society and Oxford University Press, Mumbai (2002) Daniels, R.J.R.: Impact of tea cultivation on anurans in the Western Ghats. <em>Curr Sci. </em>85, 1415-1422 (2003). Daniels, R.J.R.:  Amphibians of peninsular India. Indian Academy of Sciences, Universities Press, Hyderabad (2005). Dinesh, K.P., C. Radhakrishnan, K.V. Gururaja, K. Deuti & G. Bhatta:  A Checklist of Amphibia of India with IUCN Red list Status, Updated till April 2013, (2013). Dutta, S.K.: Amphibians of India and Sri Lanka (checklist and bibliography). Odyssey Publishing House, Bhubaneswar (1997). Giri V. B. & A. M. Bauer: A new ground-dwelling <em>Hemidactylus </em>(Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the <em>Hemidactylus </em>of India.<em> Zootaxa</em>, 1700, 21–34 (2008). Gunther C.L.C Albert: The Reptiles of British India. Published by Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. New Delhi (1864). <em>Gururaja K. V.:</em> Pictorial Guide to Frogs and Toads of the Western Ghats. Gubbi Labs Publication, (2012). Mittermeier, R.A., Carr, J.L., Swingland, I.R., Werner, T.B., Mast, R.B.: Conservation of amphibians and reptiles. In: Adler, K. (Ed.), Herpetology, Current Research on the Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Oxford, OH, pp. 59-80 1992. Radhakrishnan, C. & K. Rajmohana: Fauna of ecosystems of India-Western Ghats. Director, ZSI, Kolkata, India (2012). Smith, M.A.: The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma: Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol.1.Loricata, Testudines. Taylor and Francis, London (1931). (Reprinted 1974, 1995 by Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers, New Delhi). Smith, M. A.: The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma: Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol II. Sauria. Taylor and Francis, London (1935). (Reprinted 1974, 1995 by Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers, New Delhi). Smith, M. A.: The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma: Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol III. Serpentes. Taylor and Francis, London (1943). (Reprinted 1974, 1995 by Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers, New Delhi). Whitaker, R. and A. Captain: Snakes of India. The Field Guide. Draco Books.Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu (2008). Yadav, S. R and Sardesai, M. M.: Flora of Kolhapur district. Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India (2002).

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Elshtain, Jean Bethke. "The Relationship Between Political Language and Political Reality." PS: Political Science & Politics 18, no. 01 (1985): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096500021259.

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Albert Camus' ironic judge-penitent, Jean-Baptiste Clemence, remarks to his compatriot in the seedy bar, Mexico City, in a shadowy district of Amsterdam, the mist rising off the canals, the fog rolling in, cheap gin the only source of warmth, “Somebody has to have the last word. Otherwise, every reason can be answered with another one and there would never be an end to it. Power, on the other hand, settles everything. It took time, but we finally realized that. For instance, you must have noticed that our old Europe at last philosophizes in the right way. We no longer say as in simple times: ‘This is the way I think. What are your objections?’ We have become lucid. For the dialogue we have substituted the communique: ‘This is the truth,’ we say. You can discuss it as much as you want; we aren't interested. But in a few years there'll be the police who will show you we are right.”Now this is still an imperfect method of control—the enforcers are clearly identified and the coercion is too obvious. Not so in Orwell's1984. As Syme, the chilling destroyer of language proclaims: “It's a beautiful thing, the destruction of words.” Speaking to Orwell's protagonist Winston Smith, Syme continues: “Don't you see that the whole aim of Newspeak is to narrow the range of thought. In the end we shall make thoughtcrime literally impossible, because there will be no words in which to express it. Every concept that can ever be needed will be expressed by exactlyoneword, with its meaning rigidly defined and all its subsidiary meanings rubbed out and forgotten…. Every year fewer and fewer words, and the range of consciousness always a little smaller. Even now, of course, there's no reason or excuse for committing thoughtcrime. It's merely a question of self-discipline, reality control. But in the end there won't be any need even for that. The Revolution will be complete when the language is perfect.”

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Elshtain, Jean Bethke. "The Relationship Between Political Language and Political Reality." PS 18, no. 1 (1985): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030826900622907.

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Albert Camus' ironic judge-penitent, Jean-Baptiste Clemence, remarks to his compatriot in the seedy bar, Mexico City, in a shadowy district of Amsterdam, the mist rising off the canals, the fog rolling in, cheap gin the only source of warmth, “Somebody has to have the last word. Otherwise, every reason can be answered with another one and there would never be an end to it. Power, on the other hand, settles everything. It took time, but we finally realized that. For instance, you must have noticed that our old Europe at last philosophizes in the right way. We no longer say as in simple times: ‘This is the way I think. What are your objections?’ We have become lucid. For the dialogue we have substituted the communique: ‘This is the truth,’ we say. You can discuss it as much as you want; we aren't interested. But in a few years there'll be the police who will show you we are right.”Now this is still an imperfect method of control—the enforcers are clearly identified and the coercion is too obvious. Not so in Orwell's 1984. As Syme, the chilling destroyer of language proclaims: “It's a beautiful thing, the destruction of words.” Speaking to Orwell's protagonist Winston Smith, Syme continues: “Don't you see that the whole aim of Newspeak is to narrow the range of thought. In the end we shall make thoughtcrime literally impossible, because there will be no words in which to express it. Every concept that can ever be needed will be expressed by exactly one word, with its meaning rigidly defined and all its subsidiary meanings rubbed out and forgotten…. Every year fewer and fewer words, and the range of consciousness always a little smaller. Even now, of course, there's no reason or excuse for committing thoughtcrime. It's merely a question of self-discipline, reality control. But in the end there won't be any need even for that. The Revolution will be complete when the language is perfect.”

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Pohl, Greg, Gary Anweiler, Christian Schmidt, and Norbert Kondla. "An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada." ZooKeys 38, no. 38 (2010): 1–549. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.38.383.

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This checklist documents the 2367 Lepidoptera species reported to occur in the province of Alberta, Canada, based on examination of the major public insect collections in Alberta and the Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes. Records from relevant literature sources published since 1950 and from selected older works are also included. The entry for each species includes the scientific name, the author and year of publication of the original description, occurrence status, provincial distribution (according to ecoclimatic region), and adult phenology. The most recent taxonomic references are given, and common names are listed for butterflies and conspicuous moth species. The sources of specimen- and literature-based records are provided for each species. An additional 138 species whose occurrence in Alberta is probable are appended to the list. For 1524 of the listed species and subspecies, annotations are given, with selected information on taxonomy, nomenclature, distribution, habitat, and biology. An additional section provides details on 171 species erroneously reported from Alberta in previous works. Introductory sections to the volume provide a general overview of the order Lepidoptera and review the natural regions of Alberta, the state of knowledge of their Lepidoptera faunas, and the history and current state of knowledge of Alberta Lepidoptera. Each of the 63 families (and selected subfamilies) occurring in Alberta is briefly reviewed, with information on distinguishing features, general appearance, and general biology. A bibliography and an index of genus-level, species-level, and subspecies-level names are provided. The list is accompanied by an appendix of proposed nomenclature changes, consisting of revised status for 25 taxa raised from synonymy to species level, and new synonymy for 20 species-level and one genus-level taxa here considered to be subjective synonyms, with resultant revised synonymy for one taxon and formalization of seven new combinations. Status is revised for the following taxa, which were previously treated as junior subjective synonyms or as subspecies and are herein raised to species status: <em>Carterocephalus mandan</em> (Edwards, 1863); <em>Hesperia manitoba</em> (Scudder, 1874); <em>Colias elis</em> Strecker, 1885; <em>Nymphalis j-album</em> (Boisduval & LeConte, [1835]); <em>Euphydryas bernadetta</em> Leussler, 1920; <em>Speyeria leto</em> (Behr, 1862); <em>Boloria myrina</em> (Cramer, 1777); <em>Coenonympha inornata</em> Edwards, 1861; <em>Colostygia circumvallaria</em> (Taylor, 1906); <em>Xanthorhoe delectaria</em> Cassino & Swett, 1922; <em>Xanthorhoe lagganata</em> Swett & Cassino, 1920; <em>Scopula quinquelinearia</em> (Packard, 1870); <em>Spodolepis danbyi</em> (Hulst, 1898); <em>Hyalophora gloveri</em> (Strecker, 1872); <em>Smerinthus ophthalmica</em> Boisduval, 1855; <em>Furcula borealis</em> (Guerin-Meneville, 1844); <em>Furcula occidentalis</em> (Lintner, 1878); <em>Acronicta cyanescens</em> Hampson, 1909; <em>Oligia rampartensis</em> Barnes & Benjamin, 1923; <em>Anarta nigrolunata</em> Packard, 1867; <em>Anarta columbica</em> (McDunnough, 1930); <em>Anarta montanica</em> (McDunnough, 1930); <em>Leucania dia</em> (Grote, 1879); <em>Euxoa adumbrata thanatologia</em> (Dyar, 1904); and <em>Euxoa furtivus</em> (Smith, 1890). The following new synonymies are proposed, with the valid name presented first: <em>Xanthorhoe algidata</em> (Moschler, 1874) (= <em>Xanthorhoe dodata</em> Cassino & Swett, 1920), <em>Macaria signaria</em> (Hubner, 1809) (= <em>Melanolophia unipunctaria</em> W. S. Wright, 1916; <em>Semiothisa marmorata</em> Ferguson, 1972; <em>Macaria</em>? <em>submarmorata</em> Walker, 1861), <em>Speranza occiduaria</em> (Packard, 1874) (= <em>Diastictis andersoni</em> Swett, 1916), <em>Caenurgina crassiuscula</em> (Haworth, 1809) (= <em>Caenurgina distincta</em> (Neumoegen, 1884)), <em>Tarache augustipennis</em> Grote, 1875 (= <em>Conacontia flavicosta</em> Smith, 1900), <em>Acronicta dactylina</em> Grote, 1874 (= <em>Acronicta hesperida</em> Smith, 1897), <em>Acronicta grisea</em> Walker, 1856 (= <em>Acronicta tartarea</em> Smith, 1903), <em>Acronicta lupini</em> Grote, 1873 (= <em>Merolonche ursina</em> Smith, 1898), <em>Fishia yosemitae</em> (Grote, 1873) (= <em>Fishia enthea</em> Grote, 1877; <em>Fishia betsia</em> Smith, 1905; <em>Fishia instruta</em> Smith, 1910), <em>Sutyna privata</em> (Walker, 1857) (= <em>Anytus profundus</em> Smith, 1900), <em>Mniotype ducta</em> (Grote, 1878) (= <em>Xylophasia versuta</em> Smith, 1895), <em>Mniotype tenera</em> (Smith, 1900) (= <em>Xylophasia miniota</em> Smith, 1908; <em>Hadena ferida</em> Smith, 1908), <em>Anarta decepta</em> (Grote, 1883) (= <em>Trichoclea postica</em> Smith, 1891), <em>Protorthodes incincta</em> (Morrison, 1874) (= <em>Taeniocampa utahensis</em> Smith, 1888; <em>Orthodes akalus</em> Strecker, 1898). The following revised synonomy is proposed, with the valid name presented first: <em>Xanthorhoe lagganata</em> Swett & Cassino, 1920 (= <em>Xanthorhoe incursata</em> var. <em>harveyata</em> Cassino & Swett, 1922). One new generic synonymy is proposed, with the valid name appearing first: <em>Idia</em> Hubner, 1813 (= <em>Reabotis</em> Smith, 1903), resulting in one new combination. Six species are transferred from <em>Trichoclea</em> Hubner to <em>Sideridis</em> Hubner, resulting in six new combinations.

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Kolbuszewski, Jacek. "Alpinizm, turystyka, literatura na przełomie XIX i XX wieku — związki i zależności. Wstępny zarys problematyki." Góry, Literatura, Kultura 10 (May 25, 2017): 15–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-4107.10.3.

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Mountaineering, tourism and literature at the turn of the 20th century — links and relations.A preliminary outlineThe second half of the 19th and the early 20th century were marked by extremely significant changes in mountaineering, tourism and literature, changes which can be described metaphorically as the vanguard of 20th-century modernity. Of great importance to the development of both mountaineering and mountain tourism was the creation of associations bringing together tourists and mountaineers, mountain lovers. The associations focused mainly on promoting mountain tourism, making the mountains more accessible building paths, trails, hostels and trying to protect the mountains against the effects of human impact and other civilisational processes — economic, social and technological. The increasingly evident division into mountaineering exploring the mountains by climbing them and tourism, and the spread of this tourism in all mountain ranges in Europe made mountaineering aspecialised form of communing with the mountains, requiring special qualifications and equipment. At the same mountain tourism became amulti-layered phenomenon, as it encompassed, in addition to the “classic” tourism “with backpacks”, resort tourism involving walks, atype of tourism playing an important role in socialising and styles of behaviour, completely different from the models characteristic of tourism in the first half of the 19th century. This led to the emergence of characteristic styles of this tourism, which was becoming an important element of bourgeois popular culture, aprocess that immediately resonated in literature. In the second half of the 19th and the first decade of the 20th century the substantial growth in the number of tourists arriving in mountain villages led to their rapid civilisational and economic development. However, the concept of building mountain railways that were to bring people closer to the most precious asset of the mountains — their intact primeval nature — was asimple extension of the sedentary lifestyle. The development of mountaineering consisted in traversing increasingly difficult routes. This involved not just the ordinary climbing of peaks, but traversing mountain walls. In 1880 and 1881, Albert Frederick Mummery, climbing Grands Charmoz 3,455 m and Grépon 3,482 m, became the first man to traverse extremely difficult routes Grade 5 in the Welzenbach scale. In 1884 Walter Parry Haskett Smith decided to traverse agrade 3 difficult route on his own and two years later he climbed the twenty-metre Lapes Needle in the Lake District, England, which gave rise to competitive climbing, adiscipline distinct from mountaineering. Mountaineers also produced literary works Eugčne Rambert. The so-called “Alpine literature” “la littérature alpestre” encompassed, as its unique variety, par excellence Alpine literature providing an image of the mountains from the point of view of mountaineering and way of approaching mountaineering. Its leading exponents were Edward Whymper and Leslie Stephen; Albert Frederic Mummery 1855–1895 won considerable renown as the author of My climbs in the Alps and Caucasus 1895 as did Henry Russel-Killough 1834–1909 regarded as excellent writer and aman who made a great contribution to the exploration of the Pyrenees Souvenirs d’un Montagnard, 1908. On the other hand, the ideological motivation of Polish mountaineering echoed with the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche, Arthur Schopenhauer and Henri Bergson, introducing the subject of mountain climbing into highbrow literature.

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Trimble, Linda, and Angelia Wagner. "“Wildrose Wild Card”: Alberta Newspaper Coverage of the 2009 Wildrose Alliance Leadership Contest." Canadian Political Science Review 6, no. 2-3 (2013): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.24124/c677/2012473.

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This study uses quantitative and qualitative methods to examine Alberta newspaper coverage of the Wildrose Party’s 2009 leadership contest. We compared the overall visibility of the two candidates, Danielle Smith and Mark Dyrholm, and contrasted news framing of their public and private personas and assessments of their ideological positions and leadership skills. Smith was more visible than her male opponent, reflecting her front-runner status during the leadership race. Somewhat surprisingly, Smith was not framed as a woman candidate, nor were evaluations of her performance marked by sexism or gender stereotypes. We argue that these findings are atypical and other women leadership contenders are not likely to receive the glowingly positive assessments Smith enjoyed. Smith’s conservative ideological position, and the possibility that she had the skills and public appeal necessary to topple the longstanding governing party, prompted the remarkably adulatory coverage accorded her candidacy by the Alberta press corps.

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McCullough, C. Douglas. "Erasmus: Paraphrases on Romans and Galatians. Edited by Robert D. Sider. Translated by John B. Payne, Albert RabilJr, and Warren S. Smith. Collected Works of Erasmus 42. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984. xxxviii + 192 pp. $29.50." Church History 54, no. 4 (1985): 522–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3166528.

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Choudhury, P., B. W. Maitland, L. Chippindale, et al. "Nilima Choudhury, nee Kundu Philip Ross Harben Monica Cynthia Lewin Rosemarie Dorothy Lincoln Merlin Marshall George Leonard Plester John Albert Rich Douglas William Cumming Smith Geoffrey Harvey Martin Stanley-Jones Valentine Andrew James Swain Szeming Sze William Waugh." BMJ 318, no. 7175 (1999): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.318.7175.61.

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McMillan, R. "The Discovery of Fossil Vertebrates on Missouri's Western Frontier." Earth Sciences History 29, no. 1 (2010): 26–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.29.1.j034662534721751.

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Fossil-bearing sites containing predominantly mastodon, Mammut americanum, remains were discovered west of the Mississippi River on the Osage River in Upper Louisiana only a few decades after the discovery by Longueuil of similar remains at Big Bone Lick in Kentucky. The first excavations were conducted in the 1790s by Pierre Chouteau, a fur trader and member of the founding family of St Louis. Chouteau's work was documented by several early travelers, including Georges-Henri-Victor Collot and later by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, among others. It was from Chouteau's excavation that the first mastodon molar from west of the Mississippi River reached Baron Georges Cuvier in Paris, having been sent from Philadelphia by Benjamin Smith Barton. Early nineteenth-century travelers continued to mention the Osage River locality and, by 1816, William Clark displayed fossil specimens in his St Louis Museum. By 1840 the indefatigable fossil collector and museum entrepreneur, Albert C. Koch, began extensive digging in the Osage River basin along with sites in the Bourbeuse River valley and at Kimmswick along the Mississippi River in Missouri. Koch's extensive collection of mastodon bones enabled him to assemble a mounted specimen that he named the Missourium, an exaggerated and poorly reconstructed skeleton that was later identified and properly reassembled by Richard Owen at the British Museum. The specimen was later purchased by the trustees of that museum. The publicity surrounding Koch's work stimulated a veritable ‘bone rush’ to the Osage River in the years preceding the Civil War, with some of the fossils making their way into the collections of the American Philosophical Society and the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia. Following the Civil War, interest shifted to the Mississippi valley and the Kimmswick site just south of St Louis, where ongoing excavations became an attraction during the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St Louis. C. W. Beehler, a St Louis resident, was responsible for the work, a venture that attracted scientists from the Smithsonian as well as other institutions. While none of the principals in the early exploration of fossil sites in Missouri had scientific training, the fact that their collections were passed on to scientific practitioners in Philadelphia, Washington, Paris, and London contributed to the expanding body of information that aided in the development of the field of vertebrate paleontology.

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Clark, A. A., E. Jeffreys, D. Jones, et al. "George Hebbington Field John Rowland Hughes Denis Leary McDermott Kelly William Bell Knapman Albert Alexander ("Sandy") Lawrence Kenneth Lewis Lipp Clifford Wilson McKee John Michael Kenneth Marsh Anthony Hugh Marshall Denis Smith Poole-Wilson Ian Clifford Campbell Todd Jean Mary Webster." BMJ 317, no. 7150 (1998): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.317.7150.83.

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Tracy, James D. "Desiderius Erasmus. Collected Works of Erasmus, vol. 42: New Testament Scholarship: Paraphrases on Romans and Galatians. Ed. Robert D. Sider; tr. John B. Payne, Albert Rabil, Jr., and Warren S. Smith, Jr. Toronto-Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 1984. xxxviii+192 pp. $29.50." Renaissance Quarterly 39, no. 2 (1986): 294–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2862124.

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Alvarez, Leopoldo J., Mariano Lucia, Pablo J. Ramello, and Alberto H. Abrahamovich. "Description of two new cases of gynandromorphism in Paratrigona Schwarz and Augochlora Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae and Halictidae)." Zootaxa 3889, no. 3 (2014): 447–50. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3889.3.7.

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Abstract:

Alvarez, Leopoldo J., Lucia, Mariano, Ramello, Pablo J., Abrahamovich, Alberto H. (2014): Description of two new cases of gynandromorphism in Paratrigona Schwarz and Augochlora Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae and Halictidae). Zootaxa 3889 (3): 447-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3889.3.7

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