To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Alcohol and drug abuse by adolescents.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Alcohol and drug abuse by adolescents'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Alcohol and drug abuse by adolescents.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Pristas, Erica V. "Adolescents' anticipated emotional and behavioral responses to alcohol and drug offers." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1136342177.
Full text
2
Tetrault, David E. "Select Counselors' perspectives on alcohol and substance abuse among Hispanic adolescents." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2006. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
Full text
3
Raniseski, Jean Marie Anne 1966. "Conformity disposition and perceived peer pressure: implications for the treatment of drug and alcohol abuse among adolescents." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558134.
Full text
4
Gibbs, Benjamin G. "Sibling Influence on Adolescent Cigarette, Alcohol, and Marijuana Use." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd927.pdf.
Full text
5
Nos, Julie Anne. "A Longitudinal Study Investigating the Bi-directional Relationship of Personality and Substance Use in Adolescent Males and Females." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366577.
Full textAbstract:
Adolescence is a period of development characterised by risk taking typically involving the initiation and escalation of alcohol and drug use. Adolescence is also a critical period of neurobiological change behaviourally manifested as increases in impulsivity. Contemporary models of personality conceptualise impulsivity as a trait with at least two related but distinct factors (reward drive and rash impulsivity). Both are said to play a role in the propensity to engage in substance use and the escalation of alcohol and drug use. This model assumes that personality influences substance use however it is also possible that substance use may influence the development of personality. The current study investigated the cross-sectional and prospective bi-directional relationships between reward drive and rash impulsivity, and alcohol use and substance use problems in males and females. A prospective longitudinal design was used involving 1059 adolescents (males = 526, females = 533) followed up annually for 5 years from Grade 8 to Grade 12.
Using , the results of this research provided
support for a two-factor model of impulsivity. Further, evidence was found for bi-directional relationships between personality and substance use. As expected, the bi-directional relationship between initial levels of reward drive and rash impulsivity were significantly associated with initial levels of alcohol use and substance use problems. Rash impulsivity at baseline was a significant predictor of growth in alcohol use for both males and females. There was a significant association in the bi-directional relationship between growth in reward drive and rash impulsivity, and growth in alcohol use and substance use problems. The results of a sequential LGM found that escalated substance use problems overtime increased reward drive and rash impulsivity overtime for females only. The results of this study show that reward drive and rash impulsivity both contribute differentially to the escalation of substance use. Further, the converse of this relationship was also found where substance use influenced personality development. These findings highlight several risks for adolescents during critical periods of development and suggest the importance of early detection and interventions for at risk adolescents.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy in Clinical Psychology (PhD ClinPsych)
School of Psychology
Griffith Health
Full Text
6
Heke, Justin Ihirangi, and n/a. "Hokowhitu : a sport-based programme to improve academic, career, and drug and alcohol awareness in adolescent Maori." University of Otago. School of Physical Education, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070430.124346.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this project was to design and evaluate a sport-based life skills intervention designed for indigenous New Zealand (Maori) youth who may be exposed to drug or alcohol abuse. An indigenous research approach known as Kaupapa Maori research was utilised. As an indigenous approach, Kaupapa Maori signifies the importance of research with Maori being initiated, determined, and validated by Maori and in particular, by those directly involved with the research initiative (Bishop, 1996; Tuhiwai-Smith, 1999). As a result of adhering to a Kaupapa Maori approach the participants determined additional areas of interest including academic self-esteem, intrinsic motivation for schoolwork and career awareness. Therefore, the initial project grew to include several other life skills areas identified by the participants. The life skills basis of the 'Hokowhitu' intervention was adapted from the Going for the Goal (GOAL) and Sports United to Promote Education and Recreation (SUPER) programmes developed by Professor Steve Danish (Danish, 1997; Danish & Nellen, 1997; Danish, Meyer, Mash, Howard, Curl, Brunelle & Owens, 1998). The GOAL and SUPER programmes taught life skills to adolescents including informed decision-making, health-enhancing activities (e.g., goal setting) and health-compromising activities (e.g., drug & alcohol abuse). A New Zealand (NZ) version of the GOAL programme was successfully pilot-tested in 1997-1998 in NZ schools with non-Maori adolescents (Hodge & Danish, 1999; Hodge, Cresswell, Sherburn, & Dugdale, 1999). The evaluation of the Hokowhitu programme used both quantitative and qualitative analyses. The qualitative investigation received an enthusiastic response and supportive results for the Hokowhitu programme. Many of the research participants preferred the qualitative investigative approach because of the culturally recognised components (e.g., Te kanohi ki kanohi or face-to-face method used to ask questions). The quantitative investigation used; Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon, Chi Square and McNemar statistical tests (Harraway, 1995). The outcome of the overall programme evaluation showed that the Hokowhitu programme provided improvements in; (a) academic self-esteem, (b) increased intrinsic motivation for schoolwork, (c) increased career awareness, and (d) increased drug and alcohol awareness in adolescent Maori. Also, there was some statistical support for the Hokowhitu programme and evidence that life skills and Kaupapa Maori ideologies were able to be successfully integrated into a sport-based programme.
7
Harder, Jennifer Pam. "A comprehensive study on the impact of asset building and value education among alcoholic and other drug abuse prevention in adolescents." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003harderj.pdf.
Full text
8
Wiggill, Magrita Nicolene. "Francois Bloemhof se Slinger-slinger : 'n leserkundige evaluering met verwysing na Afrikaanslesende tieners / Magrita Nicolene Wiggill." Thesis, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3691.
Full textAbstract:
In 1996 Francois Bloemhof's teenage fiction, Slinger-slinger, was a prize-winner in the
beginners' category of the Sanlam competition for fiction for youth. The book was
acclaimed because of the open manner in which the author wrote about sensitive
themes such as hetero- and homosexuality, promiscuity, divorce, incest, tense family
relationships, and drug and alcohol abuse. The main theme of Slinger-slinger is
teenage sexual aspects, such as the sexual awakening and identity of teenagers.
In 1998 a sensation was caused in the media as upset parents, teachers and other
adults protested against the inclusion of Slinger-slinger in the ATKV's Children's
Book Award, category 13-15 years of age. Two conflicting opinions about Slingerslinger
could be distinguished: one group was of the opinion that the sexual theme
and strong language were not suited for teenage fiction, while the other group was of
the opinion that teenagers needed to read about realistic themes to prepare them for
the real world. No comments were published about the opinions of the supposed
readers, namely teenagers.
Steenberg (1988:168-172), Van der Westhuizen (1989:5-7) and Van Zyl (1990:17)
wrote that teenagers read to fulfil their needs. Teenagers' reading needs are directly
connected to their emotional, cognitive and physical developmental stages.
The aim of the study
The aim of this study is firstly to evaluate Slinger-slinger according to the elements of
the reader study model to determine whether it addresses the reading needs and
interests of teenage readers; and secondly to ascertain whether teenagers liked
Slinger-slinger.
Research procedures and methodology
A study of the literature was done in order to determine the reading needs and
developmental tasks of teenagers, and the role that teenage fiction can play in their
development to adulthood. Together with this background study, an evaluation
model, containing story elements viewed from a reader study perspective, as well as
criteria for the evaluation of the handling of sexual aspects in teenage fiction, was
developed to determine whether Slinger-slinger is successful teenage fiction.
In the empirical study the above-mentioned evaluation model for teenage fiction were
applied to Slinger-slinger. In the second part of the empirical study a questionnaire
was compiled to obtain the opinions of teenage readers about the success of Slinger-slinger
as a whole, as well as the success of the handling of the sexual aspects. The
questionnaire also served to obtain information about the reading needs of teenage
readers in regard to realistic teenage fiction and teenage fiction with a sexual theme.
Conclusion
It is concluded that Francois Bloemhof's Slinger-slinger succeeds as realistic teenage
fiction because it answers to the reading needs of teenage readers. Bloemhof
succeeded in his handling of the sexual aspects in Slinger-slinger an in doing so
fulfils teenager's reading and information needs, and thus assists them on their way
to maturity.
The questionnaire ascertained that the teenage readers who participated in the study
were of the opinion that Slinger-slinger is a successful and interesting teenage book,
and that they would like to read more realistic Afrikaans teenage fiction such as
Slinger-slinger.Thesis (M.Bibl.)--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2002.
9
Triantafyllou, Marouso. "School-based Interventions or Prevention Programs regarding Alcohol, Smoking and Drug Use among Adolescents with Disabilities or Physical Impairments : A Systematic Literature Review." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44161.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction Substance use in adolescents with disabilities is rising, containing the prevalence of substance-related disorders (SRD) such as addiction, mental or health disorders, cancer, accidents and mortality. Yet little is known about the existing substance use prevention programs among adolescents with dosabilities or physical impairments. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effects of school-based interventions or prevention programs directed at the reduction of alcohol, tobacco and drug use in young adolescents with disabilities or physical impairments. Method Five scientific databases were explored mainly for school-based randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prevention programs examining the effects of substance use interventions and prevention programs on adolescents with disabilities or physical impairments. Guided by the NICE guidelines, eligible articles were detected from which data were collected. A systematic literature review was performed for many diverse outcomes such as, substance use knowledge, substance use, modelling social environment, intention to quit smoking, peer pressure, etc. Results The primary literature search resulted in 821 articles. Five studies were incuded in the systematic literature review. Most of the collected studies were about adolescents with intellectual disabilities (MBID or MMID). The review's sample group ranged from 12-to 18-year-old adolescents. Included studies had a total sample of 981 out of which 13 were teachers. Studies measured both primary and secondary outcomes like modelling smoking, substance use and frequency of alcohol use. Conclusion This review summarized evidence about interventions and prevention programs aimed at decreasing or preventing substance use in adolescents with various types of disabilities or physical impairments. Substance use education increases knowledge about alcohol, tobacco and drug use and the health-related harms in teenagers with disabilities. Additional research is required especially among teenagers with intellectual disabilities and other types of disabilities.
10
Jonsson, Annika, Carina Larsson, and Håkan Roos. "Kvinnor och missbruk : En teoretisk uppsats om kvinnors missbruk av alkohol och droger." Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-1965.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was, with a theoretical approach, to examine women’s alcohol- and drug problems. Our questions at issues considered early debut, heredity and environment as well as which factors can explain women’s use of alcohol and drugs. This study is based on 5 international published articles, Swedish literature and reports and a minor questionnaire meant to be at help in our analysis of the material. We examine our material with the control theory, the social learning theory, the masculinity theory and developmental psychological theory. Research shows an increase in young women’s alcohol and drug abuse and possible reasons are increase of media exposure, changed gender roles, sexual abuse, stress and mental health problems and social marginalization. Our questionnaire shows similar results as earlier research. We found that peers and boyfriends influenced the women in our study in their early onset and that heredity and environment also is pertinent factors for developing abuse of drugs and alcohol. For the women in our study, there seems to be a lack of protective factors which researchers find important. On the contrary, there seemed to be several numbers of risk factors who could explain the women’s development of alcohol and drug abuse.
Keywords: Abuse, addict, adolescence, alcohol, drugs, drug misuse and women.
11
CLUTTERBUCK, OWEN LEE. "A CASE STUDY OF AN EFFECTIVE SUBSTANCE ABUSE PREVENTION PROGRAM FOR ADOLESCENT MALES WITH EMOTIONAL / BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin983560601.
Full text
12
Carvalho, Ana Catarina. "Representações sociais do consumo de álcool e drogas em adolescentes." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/405.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia da SaúdeO principal objectivo do presente estudo, de carácter exploratório, consistiu em conhecer a representação do consumo de álcool e drogas em adolescentes. Foram definidos os seguintes objectivos específicos: investigar se a representação social acerca do consumo de álcool e drogas varia em função da faixa etária; do género; do ano de escolaridade; de dois grupos etários (adolescentes com <16 anos vs >= 16 anos); e em dois grupos distintos de adolescentes (grupo com experiências de consumo vs grupo que nunca consumiu). A amostra, de conveniência, foi constituída por 376 adolescentes de ambos os sexos e com uma média de idades de 16 anos, alunos de escolas do 3o Ciclo e Ensino Secundário da região da Grande Lisboa. Os critérios de inclusão na amostra foram: terem idades compreendidas entre os 13 e os 19 anos; possuírem entre o 7o ano e o 12° ano de escolaridade; estarem presentes na sala de aula aquando da aplicação do questionário. O material utilizado foi um protocolo constituído por duas partes: um Questionário de Caracterização e um Questionário de Representações Sociais do Consumo de Álcool e Drogas destinado a adolescentes. Tratando-se de um questionário bastante extenso e dada a dimensão da nossa amostra, optou-se por proceder à transformação em escala. Obtivémos, deste modo, uma Escala de Representações Sociais do Consumo de Álcool e Drogas para Adolescentes, de auto-preenchimento, de tipo Likert em 5 pontos. A escala é constituída por três sub-escalas: informação, crenças e atitudes, que perfazem um total de 32 questões. O tratamento estatístico dos dados em SPSS (Statistic Program for Social Science) recorreu à estatística descritiva e estatística não-paramétrica. Os resultados revelaram que a representação social dos adolescentes da nossa amostra face ao consumo de álcool e drogas se inscreve num contexto de um bom nível de informação e de atitudes desfavoráveis face ao consumo de álcool e drogas, embora ancorada em crenças positivas associadas ao consumo dessas substâncias. Não se verificou a existência de uma correlação significativa entre a idade e as três sub-escalas da Escala de Representações Sociais, mas verificou-se uma correlação estatisticamente significativa e positiva entre o Ano de Escolaridade e a Sub-Escala Informação, o que revela que quanto maior é o nível de escolaridade, maior é o nível de informação dos adolescentes sobre álcool e drogas. Constatou-se ainda uma correlação estatisticamente significativa e negativa entre as Sub-Escalas Informação e Atitudes: quanto maior é o nível de informação, mais desfavoráveis são as atitudes dos adolescentes face ao consumo de álcool e drogas. Verificou-se a existência de diferenças significativas nas Representações Sociais, apenas na comparação entre o grupo que nunca fumou e o grupo com experiência de uso de tabaco. Na Sub-escala Atitudes, os grupos com experiência de uso de substâncias (tabaco, álcool e drogas) apresentaram na globalidade atitudes mais favoráveis face ao consumo de álcool e drogas. Por outro lado, os adolescentes do sexo masculino apresentaram atitudes mais favoráveis face ao consumo de álcool e drogas que os do sexo feminino. Para a Sub-escala Crenças apenas se verificaram diferenças significativas em função da variável uso de álcool, indo essa diferença no sentido dos adolescentes que nunca consumiram álcool possuírem mais crenças positivas sobre álcool e drogas que os adolescentes com experiência de uso de álcool. Este estudo reforça o interesse em se implementar estratégias, quer no sentido da intervenção junto dos adolescentes com experiências de consumo ocasionais ou excessivas, quer para o grupo de adolescentes não consumidores no sentido da Prevenção Primária.
13
Oliveira, Karina Diniz 1975. "Perfil sócio demográfico, padrão de consumo e comportamento criminoso em usuários de substâncias psicoativas que iniciaram tratamento." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311713.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Renata Cruz Soares de AzevedoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T07:53:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_KarinaDiniz_M.pdf: 3531989 bytes, checksum: 73983ee9be66e7ef4a9bb7107251be13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: Objetivos Descrever o perfil sócio-demográfico e o padrão de uso em usuários e dependentes de substâncias psicoativas (SPA), que procuraram tratamento. Discutir a relação entre uso e dependência de SPA e o cometimento de atos criminosos. Métodos Estudo quantitativo, de corte transversal, realizado com 183 sujeitos maiores de 18 anos, usuários e/ou dependentes de uma ou mais substâncias psicoativas, em tratamento em dois serviços de saúde especializados em dependência química em Campinas-SP. Instrumentos aplicados: questionário de dados sócio-demográficos, padrão de consumo de substâncias psicoativas e eventual cometimento de delitos; itens das seções J, K e P do "Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview". Foi desenvolvida, a partir da exclusão dos itens do M.I.N.I. relacionados à criminalidade, uma nova variável, denominada Transtorno de Personalidade Antissocial Modificado (TPASm). Resultados Maioria masculina, com média de idade 40,8 anos, menos de 8 anos de escolaridade, poliusuários de substâncias psicoativas. Delitos foram cometidos por 40,4% da população; 27,9% preencheram critérios para transtorno de personalidade antissocial (TPAS). TPASm mostrou-se um fator relacionado ao cometimento de crimes, assim como o uso de solventes na adolescência (OR=5,442), não ter religião (OR= 6,783) e co-morbidade com TPAS (OR= 9,225). Conclusões Ser usuário ou dependente de SPA pode contribuir para a prática de crimes. A falta de religiosidade, o uso de solventes na adolescência e a co-morbidade com Transtorno de Personalidade Antissocial Modificado mostraram-se fatores de impacto no comportamento delitivo
Abstract: Objectives To describe the profile and pattern of use in substance abuse and dependents that looked for treatment in two centers in the city of Campinas, SP. Besides, discusses the relationship between criminal behavior and the use and dependence of psychoatives substances (PSA). Methods Quantitative cross-section study, 183 adult participants, users and/or dependents of one or multiples psychoatives substances, in treatment in two drug rehabilitation centers in the city of Campinas, Brazil during the years of 2008 and 2009. The measurements are a questionnaire containing sociodemographic data, the subject's pattern of consumption of psychoactive drugs, and the practice of committing crimes. Items from Sections J, K and P of the "Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. A new variable was described as "modified" ASPD (ASPDm), which was determined by excluding the items on the MINI directly related to criminality. Results The respondents were male, average age was 40.8, less than 8 years of shooling. Poliuse of psychoactive substances. Criminal acts had been practiced by40,4% of the sample; 51 complied with criteria for ASPD. The variables correlated with criminal behavior were: ASPDm, absence of religious practice (OR=6,783), diagnosis of ASPD (OR=9,225) and the antecedent of use of solvents (OR=5,442). Conclusion Being a user or addict of one or multiple substances was can be a factor for practicing criminal acts. Besides, the use of solvents in adolescence, lack of religiosity and comorbity with ASPD were seen as having an impact on the practice of criminal acts
Mestrado
Saude Mental
Mestre em Ciências Médicas
14
Ilomäki, R. (Risto). "Substance use disorders in adolescence: comorbidity, temporality of onset and socio-demographic background:a study of adolescent psychiatric inpatients in Northern Finland." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2012. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299230.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Over 90% of addicts start substance use during adolescence. There are few studies focusing on the comorbidity and temporality of substance dependence among adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate the comorbidity and temporality of substance use disorders, to identify the factors leading to intravenous drug dependence and to evaluate the psychotropic medication history among adolescents. The study population comprised a sample of 508 (300 girls) 12- to 17-year-old hospitalized inpatients during a defined 5-year period. Substance use and other psychiatric disorders were identified according to DSM-IV criteria and adolescents’ socio-demographic and substance use background was examined. The main findings of the present study include the following: The most common comorbidities of alcohol and drug dependence are behavioral, depressive and phobic disorders; Phobic and behavioral disorders develop generally prior to the onset of alcohol and drug dependence; Drug dependent boys are more likely to have depression than girls (IV); In adolescence, phobic disorders may influence the development of secondary substance dependence within a few years from the onset of phobia (I); Behavioral disorders are associated with earlier initiation of daily smoking, and earlier age of onset of daily smoking is associated with an increased risk for alcohol and drug dependence (III); Adolescents with intravenous drug dependence start experiment with drugs at young age, often before the age of 10 years, and present more commonly with parental absence and troubled school background (II); Prescribed benzodiazepine medication is associated with an increased risk of sedative dependence (V). These findings imply that psychiatric comorbidity plays a pivotal role in the development of substance use disorders in adolescence. Those adolescents who experiment with substances at a young age are at greatest risk of substance dependence and intravenous drug use before the age of 18. Family dynamics seem to play an important role in this development. The psychotropic medication history of substance-using adolescents often differs greatly from current evidence-based guidelines and is dominated by those medications that are frequently abusedTiivistelmä Yli 90 % päihdeongelmaisista aloittaa päihteidenkäytön nuoruusiällä. Silti päihdehäiriöiden ja niihin liittyvän psykiatrisen sairastavuuden – komorbiditeetin ja tämän ajallisen ilmenemisen – temporaliteetin - tutkimus nuorisoväestössä on suppeaa. Väitöskirjatutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kartoittaa nuoruusiän päihdehäiriöiden komorbiditeetin ja temporaliteetin ominaispiirteitä, selventää taustalla olevia sosiodemografisia tekijöitä, sekä arvioida päihdehäiriöisten nuorten reseptilääkehistoriaa päihdehäiriöiden synnyn ymmärtämiseksi. Tutkimusaineisto koostui 508 (300 tyttöä) 12-17-vuotiaasta akuuttia psykiatrista sairaalahoitoa tarvitsevasta potilaista. Nuorten psykiatrinen- ja päihdesairastavuus selvitettiin DSM-IV diagnoosijärjestelmän mukaisesti, sekä sosiodemografinen tausta kartoitettiin kattavasti. Alkoholi- ja huumeriippuvaisilla nuorilla yleisimpiä komorbideja häiriöitä olivat käytös-, masennus- ja pelkohäiriöt. Pelko- ja käytöshäiriöt ilmenivät yleensä ajallisesti ennen alkoholi- ja huumeriippuvuutta. Huumeriippuvaisilla pojilla oli tyttöjä useammin masennusta (IV). Pelkohäiriöt vaikuttivat sekundaarisen päihderiippuvuuden kehittymiseen mahdollisesti jo muutamien vuosien kuluessa pelkohäiriöiden ilmenemisestä (I). Käytöshäiriöt liittyivät aikaisempaan päivittäisen tupakoinnin aloittamiseen joka liittyy edelleen sekä alkoholi- että huumeriippuvuuteen (III). Suonensisäisen huumeidenkäytön aloittaminen nuorella iällä liittyi selkeästi vanhemmattomaan kotiin, sekä jo ala-asteella alkaneisiin koulunkäyntiongelmiin. Vaikeimmin päihderiippuvaisten nuorten päihteidenkäyttökokeilut alkoivat merkittävän nuorena, jo onnen 10 ikävuotta ala-asteella (II). Bentsodiatsepiinien reseptilääkkekäyttö sairaalahoitoa aiemmin liittyi merkittävästi sedatiiviriippuvuuteen (V). Löydösten perusteella psykiatrisella sairastavuudella on merkittävää rooli päihdehäiriön kehittymisessä jo nuoruusiällä. Nuoret, joiden päihdekokeilut alkavat varhain, ovat suurimmassa riskissä riippuvuuteen ja ajautumiseen suonensisäiseen käyttöön. Päihderiippuvaisilla nuorilla on lisäksi taipumus sekä reseptilääkkeiden väärinkäyttöön, että kykyä näiden hankkimiseen - myös lääkärin määräämänä
15
Rosário, Adriana Moro Maieski do. "Avaliação de instrumentos que investigam abuso de álcool e outras drogas em adolescentes: revisão de literatura." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-25042012-104801/.
Full textAbstract:
INTRODUÇÃO: O abuso no consumo de drogas constitui um problema social e de saúde pública na maioria dos países, pelas consequências negativas que esse consumo provoca sobre o desenvolvimento emocional e físico das pessoas. O início do uso de substâncias tem-se apresentado na população de adolescentes cada vez mais cedo e, como consequência, uma avaliação para identificar comportamentos de risco é imprescindível para triagem e encaminhamentos adequados. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi revisar estudos e descrever três importantes instrumentos validados para o Brasil e utilizados para avaliação do abuso de álcool e outras drogas em adolescentes. MÉTODO: Estudo de revisão de literatura, realizado no período de janeiro de 1998 a agosto de 2010, em publicações nas bases de dados: Adolec, MedLine, Lilacs, PubMed e SciELO. Na seleção dos estudos, foram avaliados: artigos com aplicação dos instrumentos DUSI-R, Teen ASI e CBCL; o detalhamento do instrumento utilizado para diagnóstico; utilização de algum indicador de desempenho do instrumento; qualidade do estudo que permita avaliação do desempenho do instrumento, assim como a sua coerência com a literatura. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 767 artigos e, de acordo com os critérios de inclusão, foram avaliados 54, após as exclusões daqueles que não atenderam aos critérios. Os artigos com aplicação do instrumento DUSI-R foram 30, sendo 25 referentes a intervenções, prevalência e outros. Os estudos sobre validação do instrumento foram 5, com taxas de sensibilidade variando de 80 a 85% e especificidade variando de 70 a 90%. Outra medida foi a consistência interna com Alfa de Cronbach de 0,91 a 0,9451, apresentada em dois estudos. Já os artigos com aplicação do Teen ASI foram 12, sendo 8 estudos sobre intervenção, prevalência e outros. Para a validação do instrumento, foram encontrados 4 estudos, com taxa de confiabilidade em 2 estudos com r variando entre 0,69 e 0,90, um estudo com consistência interna com Alfa de Cronbach de 0,54 a 0,88 e outro estudo que avaliou a área sobre a curva de ROC = 0,88. Finalmente, os artigos com aplicação do CBCL foram 12, dos quais 8 foram sobre prevalência e fatores de risco. As medidas de desempenho do instrumento foram apresentadas em 4 estudos, sendo que dois mediram a taxa de sensibilidade do instrumento, variando de 80,4 a 87%. Ainda, um estudo apresentou consistência interna com Alfa de Cronbach entre 0,85 e 0,94 e outro estudou as propriedades psicométricas conforme dados da versão alemã do CBCL. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados dos estudos apontam que os instrumentos pesquisados avaliam o abuso de álcool e outras drogas em adolescentes, possuindo boas propriedades psicométricas, porém de formas diferentes. O Teen ASI e o DUSI-R identificam e avaliam o uso de substâncias e outras áreas da vida. Por sua vez, o CBCL é voltado para avaliar a saúde mental do adolescente, não sendo específico para avaliar o abuso de álcool e outras drogas. Portanto, na escolha de instrumentos de avaliação, é importante considerar: organização do tempo, investimento na formação de profissionais e consolidação dos resultados que contribua efetivamente na melhora do tratamentoINTRODUCTION: The substance abuse is a major social problem in public health in most countries, due to the negative consequences of this behavior on the physical and emotional development of the people involved. The initiation phase of the substance abuse is beginning at earlier ages, and, as a consequence of that, an assessment to identify risk behaviors is very important for an acurate triage and subsequent steps. The objective of this study was to review studies and to describe 3 important instruments validated for Brazil and applied for the assessment of substance abuse in adolescents. METHOD: A literature review study, in the period from January of 1998 to August of 2010, in the databases of: Adolec, MedLine, Lilacs, PubMed and SciELO. In the selection of the studies the following criteria were evaluated: articles with application of the instruments DUSI-R, Teen ASI, and CBCL; the detailing of the instrument utilized for diagnostics; utilization of a performance indicator; quality of the study that enables the performance assessment of the instrument, and its coherence with the literature. RESULTS: 767 articles were found according to the inclusion criteria, and 54 of them were analysed, after the exclusions of the ones that did not meet the detailed criteria. 30 articles for the DUSI-R instrument were found, 25 of them related to interventions, prevalence and others. 5 studies were related to the validation of the instrument, with sensitivity rates varying from 80 to 85% and specificity variying from 70 to 90%. Another measure was the internal consistency with Cronbachs Alpha varying from 0.91 to 0.9451, presented in two studies. For the Teen ASI, 12 articles were found, and 8 of them were related to intervention, prevalence and others. For the validation of the instrument, 4 studies were found, with the reliability in 2 studies varying from r = 0.69 to 0.90, one study with internal consistency with Cronbachs Alpha varying from 0.54 to 0.88 and another study with the area under the ROC curve = 0.88. For the CBCL, 12 studies were found, and 8 of them were related to the prevalence and risk factors. The performance measures were presented in 4 studies, where 2 instruments measured the sensitivity rate varying from 80.4 to 87%. One study report the Cronbachs Alpha between 0.85 and 0.94, and another study studied the psicometric properties for the German version. CONCLUSION: The results of the studies suggest that the instruments included on the research evaluate the substance abuse in adolescents, with good psychometric properties, although in different ways. The Teen ASI and DUSI-R evaluate the substance abuse and other areas of life. The CBCL is useful to evaluate the mental health, and its not specific to conduct an assessment for substance abuse. So, when choosing assessment instruments, its important to consider: time management, investment in the education of the professionals; and consolidation of the results that contribute effectively to the improvement of the treatment
16
Park, Jaehong. "Korean American adolescents' alcohol abuse." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
Find full text
17
Bomba-Edgerton, Katherine. "Perceptions of Adolescents Suspended for School Drug Abuse." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4042.
Full textAbstract:
School drug use has been attributed to the annual suspension of thousands of secondary adolescents, subsequently contributing to poor academics, low graduation rates, and continued school drug use. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the experiences of former adolescents who engaged in school drug use. Social learning theory suggests that behaviors observed from within the environment may later be modeled. Using Bandura's social learning theory, 10 participants, 18 years old and older responded to open-ended questions about how they processed school drug use. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, the responses to the open-ended questions were coded and analyzed. Bandura's social learning theory supports the key findings. Findings indicated that former students reported being influenced by their environment and others around them, such as friends. Additional findings from the study suggest that boredom was another reason students engaged in school drug use. While a few students enrolled in a new school after being suspended for school drug use, the findings suggest that out-of-school suspensions are not meaningful to students. After returning to school from their suspension, students felt behind in their school work. Implications for social change include understanding potential influences of school drug use on students and their environment. This understanding can benefit schools, parents, and the community through interventions and proactive measures that target school drug use among adolescents.
18
Thusi, Kwanele Vincent. "The experiences of adolescents living with alcohol-abusing parents in Appelsbosch: explorative study." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1267.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts (Counselling Psychology) in the Department of Psychology at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2012.Living with alcohol-abusing parents during the adolescence stage is often an emotional draining experience to some adolescents. This study was purposed at exploring the experiences that adolescents living with parents who abuse alcohol go through and the coping mechanisms that they employ to deal with such experiences. The convenient sample of six participants was selected from the Appelsbosch population and they participated voluntarily. The research findings indicated that the experiences of adolescents living with alcohol abusing in Appelsbosch are comprised by parent’s lack of proper parental supervision, lack of parent’s involvement in their school work, poverty, being sent out at night, witnessing parent’s conflicts, and assuming a role of a caregiver at an early age. Other family members, neighbors, friends, social groups as well as sport groups were found to be effective in helping adolescents cope with the parent’s alcohol abuse.
Medical Research council
19
Karakas, Ozge. "Psychological Correlates Of Tobacco, Alcohol And Drug Use Among Adolescents." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607455/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF TOBACCO, ALCOHOL AND DRUG USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS
KarakaS, Özge M.S., Department of Psychology Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Belgin AyvaSik July 2006, 130 pages The aim of the present study was to identify sociodemographic and psychological correlates of adolescent tobacco, alcohol and drug use. Participants were 854 high school students (485 girls, 369 boys) aged between 14-18. Participants were administered a Demographic Information Form, Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking, seven subscales of Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) and Tobacco, Alcohol and Drug Use Questionnaire. Twelve point two percent of the students reported cigarette use, 23.5 % reported alcohol use and 2.3 % reported illicit drug use at least once in their lives. Independent Samples t-test Analysis revealed that smokers received higher scores than non-smokers on sensation seeking, psychiatric disorder, behavior patterns, school performance / adjustment, peer relations, family system and leisure subscales of DUSI but there was not a significant difference between smokers and non-smokers in terms of social competency. Also, it was found that both alcohol users scored higher than non-users on sensation seeking, psychiatric disorder, behavior patterns, school performance / adjustment, peer relations, family system but there was not a significant difference between alcohol users and non-users in terms of scores on leisure and social competency. Drug users scored significantly higher than randomly selected non-users on sensation seeking, behavior patterns and peer relations scales. Logistic regression analysis revealed that adolescent smoking was predicted by gender, age, G.P.A., place of birth, peer smoking, behavior patterns, social competency, school problems and family relations. Besides, alcohol use was predicted by gender, age, number of siblings, maternal education, peer smoking, peer alcohol use, social competency, school performance / adjustment and family relations. Findings are discussed within the context of the relevant literature.
20
Rippeth, Julie D. "Factors influencing health-related quality of life in alcoholics and stimulant abusers /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9728772.
Full text
21
Davey, Tamzyn Maria. "Evaluation of a workplace alcohol and other drug policy." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/92777/1/Tamzyn_Davey_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND
The current impetus for developing alcohol and/or other drugs (AODs) workplace policies in Australia is to reduce workplace AOD impairment, improve safety, and prevent AOD-related injury in the workplace. For these policies to be effective, they need to be informed by scientific evidence. Evidence to inform the development and implementation of effective workplace AOD policies is currently lacking. There does not currently appear to be conclusive evidence for the effectiveness of workplace AOD policies in reducing impairment and preventing AOD-related injury. There is also no apparent evidence regarding which factors facilitate or impede the success of an AOD policy, or whether, for example, unsuccessful policy outcomes were due to poor policy or merely poor implementation of the policy.
It was the aim of this research to undertake a process, impact, and outcome evaluation of a workplace AOD policy, and to contribute to the body of knowledge on the development and implementation of effective workplace AOD policies.
METHODS
The research setting was a state-based power-generating industry in Australia between May 2008 and May 2010. Participants for the process evaluation study were individuals who were integral to either the development or the implementation of the workplace AOD policy, or both of these processes (key informants), and comprised the majority of individuals who were involved in the process of developing and/or implementing the workplace AOD policy. The sample represented the two main groups of interest—management and union delegates/employee representatives—from all three of the participating organisations. For the impact and outcome evaluation studies, the population included all employees from the three participating organisations, and participants were all employees who consented to participate in the study and who completed both the pre-and post-policy implementation questionnaires.
Qualitative methods in the form of interviews with key stakeholders were used to evaluate the process of developing and implementing the workplace AOD policy. In order to evaluate the impact of the policy with regard to the risk factors for workplace AOD impairment, and the outcome of the policy in terms of reducing workplace AOD impairment, quantitative methods in the form of a non-randomised single group pre- and post-test design were used. Changes from Time 1 (pre) to Time 2 (post) in the risk factors for workplace AOD impairment, and changes in the behaviour of interest—(self-reported) workplace AOD impairment—were measured. An integration of the findings from the process, impact, and outcome evaluation studies was undertaken using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.
RESULTS
For the process evaluation study
Study respondents indicated that their policy was developed in the context of comparable industries across Australia developing workplace AOD policies, and that this was mainly out of concern for the deleterious health and safety impacts of workplace AOD impairment. Results from the process evaluation study also indicated that in developing and implementing the workplace AOD policy, there were mainly ‗winners', in terms of health and safety in the workplace. While there were some components of the development and implementation of the policy that were better done than others, and the process was expensive and took a long time, there were, overall, few unanticipated consequences to implementing the policy and it was reported to be thorough and of a high standard. Findings also indicated that overall the policy was developed and implemented according to best-practice in that: consultation during the policy development phase (with all the main stakeholders) was extensive; the policy was comprehensive; there was universal application of the policy to all employees; changes in the workplace (with regard to the policy) were gradual; and, the policy was publicised appropriately. Furthermore, study participants' responses indicated that the role of an independent external expert, who was trusted by all stakeholders, was integral to the success of the policy.
For the impact and outcome evaluation studies
Notwithstanding the limitations of pre- and post-test study designs with regard to attributing cause to the intervention, the findings from the impact evaluation study indicated that following policy implementation, statistically significant positive changes with regard to workplace AOD impairment were recorded for the following variables (risk factors for workplace AOD impairment): Knowledge; Attitudes; Perceived Behavioural Control; Perceptions of the Certainty of being punished for coming to work impaired by AODs; Perceptions of the Swiftness of punishment for coming to work impaired by AODs; and Direct and Indirect Experience with Punishment Avoidance for workplace AOD impairment. There were, however, no statistically significant positive changes following policy implementation for Behavioural Intentions, Subjective Norms, and Perceptions of the Severity of punishment for workplace AOD impairment.
With regard to the outcome evaluation, there was a statistically significant reduction in self-reported workplace AOD impairment following the implementation of the policy. As with the impact evaluation, these findings need to be interpreted in light of the limitations of the study design in being able to attribute cause to the intervention alone. The findings from the outcome evaluation study also showed that while a positive change in self-reported workplace AOD impairment following implementation of the policy did not appear to be related to gender, age group, or employment type, it did appear to be related to levels of employee general alcohol use, cannabis use, site type, and employment role.
Integration of the process, impact, and outcome evaluation studies
There appeared to be qualitative support for the relationship between the process of developing and implementing the policy, and the impact of the policy in changing the risk factors for workplace AOD impairment. That is, overall the workplace AOD policy was developed and implemented well and, following its implementation, there were positive changes in the majority of measured risk factors for workplace AOD impairment. Quantitative findings lend further support for a relationship between the process and impact of the policy, in that there was a statistically significant association between employee perceived fidelity of the policy (related to the process of the policy) and positive changes in some risk factors for workplace AOD impairment (representing the impact of the policy).
Findings also indicated support for the relationship between the impact of the policy in changing the risk factors for workplace AOD impairment and the outcome of the policy in reducing workplace AOD impairment: positive changes in the risk factors for workplace AOD impairment (impact) were related to positive changes in self reported workplace AOD impairment (representing the main goal and outcome of the policy).
CONCLUSIONS
The findings from the research indicate support for the conclusion that the policy was appropriately implemented and that it achieved its objectives and main goal. The Doctoral research findings also addressed a number of gaps in the literature on workplace AOD impairment, namely: the likely effectiveness of AOD policies for reducing AOD impairment in the workplace, which factors in the development and implementation of a workplace AOD policy are likely to facilitate or impede the effectiveness of the policy to reduce workplace AOD impairment, and which employee groups are less likely to respond well to policies of this type.
The findings from this research not only represent an example of translational, applied research—through the evaluation of the study industry's policy—but also add to the body of knowledge on workplace AOD policies and provide policy-makers with evidence which may be useful in the development and implementation of effective workplace AOD policies. Importantly, the findings espouse the importance of scientific evidence in the development, implementation, and evaluation of workplace AOD policies.
22
Bhengu, Helen Jabu. "Evaluation of drug abuse prevention programmes for adolescents in secondary schools." University of Zululand, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1359.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Education in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree of Master of Education (Educational Psychology) at the
University of Zululand, South Africa, 2014.The current investigation consists of one aim and two objectives. The aim is to evaluate drug abuse prevention programmes for adolescents in secondary schools and the effect that they have on attitudes, knowledge and behaviour. The objectives are to determine the effectiveness of the drug abuse prevention programmes on attitude, knowledge and behaviour on adolescents and the relationship between them. The research methodology was in the form of a quantitative survey. A questionnaire was administered to a group of grades 10 and 11 learners between ages 14 to 25 from four selected schools. Twenty-five year olds were included in the target group as it is not unusual for adult learners to still be at school with minors, especially in rural areas. This may have an influence on adolescents’ attitudes towards drug abuse. It was therefore of utmost importance for them to understand the effects of abusing drugs. Respondents were randomly selected with the help of Life Orientation Educators in each school. Questionnaires were distributed to a sample population of one hundred learners. Ten of these questionnaires were not properly completed and therefore were not included in the final analysis. The results demonstrated that the use of drugs is prevalent in the surveyed schools and respondents were aware of its consequences. The results also demonstrated that a significant number of the respondents had a negative attitude toward the use of drugs, while a small number of respondents did not see any problem in using drugs. It was concluded that the influence on behavioural change in the schools surveyed is not due to formal prevention programmes but to the involvement of parents and peer educators, who are not involved in formal programmes for drug prevention. Furthermore, it was found that in these schools no programmes were available for the education of learners about drug abuse and its consequences. While respondents have shown a positive attitude and behaviour toward drugs and its use, it is important to note that formal drug prevention programmes do not seem to exist in schools and where they are claimed to exist, they refer to life skills programmes and drug awareness programmes.
23
Pristas, Erica V. "Adolescents’ Anticipated Emotional and Behavioral Responses to Alcohol and Drug Offers." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1136342177.
Full text
24
Turner, Jenifer Monique. "Factors that determine use and contribute to drug abuse among adolescents." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1990. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1462.
Full textAbstract:
The overall objective of this study was to present the factors that determine use and contribute to drug abuse among adolescents. To attain this objective, the factors relating to drug use and abuse among adolescents were the following: (a) Peer influence; (b) Delinquency; (c) Poor commitment to education and attachment to school; (d) Poor and inconsistent family management; and (e) Parental drug use.
A cross-sectional research design and a non-probability convenience sample was used in the study. A self administered questionnaire was given to adolescents from Shiloh Baptist Church and Morrow high school, located in Clayton County. The population consisted of 80 adolescents, 59 males and 21 females, ranging in the ages from 13-18. The null hypothesis was accepted.
The study was an attempt to provide a clear understanding of adolescent's attitudes, beliefs and knowledge about drugs, in relationship to understanding some of the factors that determine use and contribute to drug abuse among adolescents.
25
Lovecchio, Catherine Poillon. "On-line alcohol education impact on knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of first-year college students /." Click here for download, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com.ps2.villanova.edu/pqdweb?did=1969870471&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3260&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full text
26
Swint, Charlotte. "Factors Which Predict the Initiation and Use of Alcohol in Rural Adolescents." TopSCHOLAR®, 1995. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/888.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research was to determine whether a selected group of factors are significant when trying to predict the use of alcohol by adolescents who live in rural areas. This research is important because most of the studies concerning drug and alcohol use in adolescents have focused on adolescents who live in urban areas. The results of such studies may not be generalizable to rural populations. The factors investigated included the following: availability of alcohol, peer influence, parental influence, tobacco use, gender, and grade level. These factors were chosen based on their inclusion in four prominent theories regarding adolescent drug and alcohol use. Data were collected for this study in April 1994 in Warren County, a rural county in Kentucky. The responses from 2,3 53 high school students were collected using the Warren County KIDS (Knowledge and Information about Drugs and Substances) Team Survey. The data were analyzed using a chi square analysis. All of the factors were found to be significantly related to alcohol use in rural adolescents. The results of the study revealed that having alcohol available, having peer pressure to use alcohol, having parents who used alcohol or who had permissive attitudes toward alcohol use, using tobacco, being male, and being in higher grades increased the likelihood that adolescents would begin using alcohol.
27
Gilson, Brian P. "Surveying the views of alcohol and drug treatment providers on family involvement in treatment." Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001gilsonb.pdf.
Full text
28
Zhang, Zhiwei. "A Longitudinal Study of Alcohol and Drug Use in the Workplace." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37654.
Full textAbstract:
Alcohol abuse and illicit drug use in the United States are major concerns of American households, as well as of the White House. This dissertation research evaluates alcohol abuse and controlled drug use by American workers in the context of various individual, organizational, and occupational settings. It tests the importation and organizational stress perspectives, the occupation subculture perspective, and the lifecycle wage compensation theory. The analyses are developed utilizing (1) logistic regression, (2) generalized linear modeling, including Poisson regression and negative binomial regression, (3) weighted modeling estimation, taking the clustering effects of complex survey design into account, and (4) the hierarchical growth curve modeling of intra- and inter-individual differences. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979â 1993, the 1997 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, and the 1998 National Occupational Information Network (O*NET 98), I find that employees' drinking and controlled drug use behavior are predicted by a number of individual background characteristics, as well as workplace-environment variables. I also find that occupational characteristics influence alcohol and drug using behaviors of workers, although in more complex ways than suggested by much of the organizational stress and occupational subculture literature. It appears that occupations with higher levels of steady employment prospects exert the most significant negative effect on employees' alcohol use, marijuana use, and any illicit drug use, regardless of an employee's age, gender, race, education, and income. It also appears that the etiology of cocaine use is different from that of either alcohol use or other drugs, such as marijuana. Finally, I find that when education and years employed are held constant, employees' current marijuana use is negatively associated with their earnings. No evidence has been found that current alcohol use, current marijuana use, or lifetime cocaine use predicts future growth rates on earnings. Having examined the factors of occupational, organizational, and individual social/demographic characteristics as they influence patterns of alcohol abuse and controlled drug use in multiple large representative samples of the labor force, discussions on the research findings, the implications, the limitations, and the future study directions are presented.Ph. D.
29
Orender, Maggie Marie. "An Examination of Patterns and Trends of Prescription Drug Abuse Among Adolescents." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1826.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine prescription drug abuse among the adolescent population and analyze factors that may contribute to or influence adolescent drug abuse. This study examined 3 waves of a secondary data set from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA) entitled the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). The data from these surveys are nationally representative and include data on several types of drug use and mental health conditions. Results from the current study indicate that there were significant relationships among age, gender, race, previous alcohol use, school enrollment, general health, mental health treatment, and the use of prescription drugs in the adolescent populations. Future research should be conducted to investigate the severity of the impact adolescent prescription drug abuse will have on society and to investigate possible solutions to this problem.
30
Ponder, Fred T. (Fred Thomas). "Alcohol and Drug Abuse Programs in Selected Universities in the South and Southwest." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330955/.
Full textAbstract:
The problem addressed in this study is how selected universities in the South and Southwest recognize and attempt to deal with alcohol use and other drug use among students. The purpose of the study was to determine current practices and policies concerning student alcohol and drug use among the 20 selected universities. The data were obtained by means of a descriptive survey questionnaire which was mailed to 20 selected universities under the jurisdiction of the Southern Regional Accrediting Board. The instrument was designed to identify practices and programs concerning student alcohol and drug use. A copy of each institution's alcohol and drug policy was requested. The content and procedures of the programs implemented by the responding institutions were reviewed, in order to evaluate the extent and degree to which they provide for the recognition, education, intervention, and treatment for students with alcohol- or drug-use problems. Results are presented in tabular form. Of the 20 major state-supported universities which were mailed questionnaires, 75% returned usable instruments. All responding institutions felt they have an alcohol or drug problem of some magnitude, and all either have, or believe they have, some kind of policy to deal with substance use by students. All of the responding institutions also indicate that they have various programs in operation which deal with student substance use and abuse. Since this was a regional study the results are not necessarily generalizable. On the basis of the literature reviewed and the survey responses received, an authentic problem with student alcohol and drug use exists on campus. The institutions surveyed appear to recognize a problem; however, the results of this study reveal that most have yet to develop an effective or coordinated strategy to combat student alcohol and drug abuse.
31
Ligon, Kimberly M. "Knowledge and attitudes of baccalaureate nursing students toward perinatal drug and alcohol abuse." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2009/k_ligon_061909.pdf.
Full text
32
Weissman, Jessica. "Addressing Alcohol and Marijuana use Disparities among Latino Adolescents." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3699.
Full textAbstract:
In the early 1990s, a series of seminal research studies were published on substance use disorders among Latino adolescent males in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Expanding upon these studies, the aims of the present dissertation project were to (1) Determine whether the following adolescents’ and parents’ characteristics/cultural values are associated with current (past 30 days) or lifetime (ever) alcohol or marijuana use among Latino adolescents: sex, age, country of birth, GPA, family’s socio-economic status, living with both parents, mother’s highest level of education, father’s highest level of education, Familism Support, Familism Obligations, Familism Referents, Respect, Religion, Traditional Gender Roles, Independence and Self-Reliance; (2) Assess if recreational activities (sports participation, after-school activities and volunteering) moderate the association between Latino adolescents’ friends’ age, sex, and ethnicity and Latino adolescents’ current alcohol or marijuana use and; (3) Assess if recreational activities moderate the association between Latino adolescents’ perceptions of their friends’ alcohol or marijuana use and Latino adolescents’ current alcohol or marijuana use.
This cross-sectional dissertation study used survey data from 193 Latino adolescent males and females (15.7 ± 1.6 years old; 55.4% females, 44.6% males) in Miami-Dade County collected in 2016-2017. Analyses included t-tests, chi-square tests and logistic regressions.
Being born in the U.S. increased the risk of current alcohol use. Identifying more strongly with the cultural value religion decreased risk of current alcohol use and current marijuana use. Participants who reported having no close friends who use alcohol were less likely to currently (within past 30 days) use alcohol themselves when compared to participants who reported having at least one close friend who uses alcohol. The interaction between participation in sports activities and reporting having friends who use alcohol on outcome currently using alcohol was significant. Participants who reported having no close friends who use marijuana were less likely to currently use marijuana themselves.
Findings from this study suggest that factors contributing to substance use among Latino adolescents throughout the United States may be different than those which play a role among the unique Latino adolescent population in Miami-Dade County. This study further validated what has been shown in the general U.S. population: adolescents who perceive their friends to be using alcohol or marijuana are more likely to use alcohol or marijuana, respectively, themselves. Further research is suggested to determine the role of recreational activities in alcohol and marijuana use among Latino adolescents.
33
Aaron, Lindsey Lee. "The influence of alcohol and drug use on one-night stands among adolescents." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
Find full text
34
Diniaco, GeorgiAnn. "The relationship of family status and alcohol and other drug use among adolescents /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487933648649488.
Full text
35
Dixon, Shapree' L. M. A. "The Association Between Academic Performance and Prescription Drug Misuse among Adolescents." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1583154956772925.
Full text
36
Gullo, Matthew John. ""Why can't I stop?" Testing a two-factor theory of impulsivity and its application to substance misuse." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367540.
Full textAbstract:
The misuse of alcohol and illicit substances remains a significant public health concern throughout the world. Recent advances in the understanding of biobehavioural processes involved in substance misuse hold great promise for enhancing prevention and treatment efforts. Specifically, there is converging evidence from the fields of personality and addiction neuroscience suggesting impulsive behaviour, and substance abuse specifically, is related to individual differences in the functioning of two neuropsychological systems. The first system is involved in the sensitivity to, and drive to obtain, rewarding stimuli (manifested as trait Reward Drive). The second system is related to the modulation or inhibition of approach to reward within the context of potential punishment (manifested as trait Rash Impulsiveness). Three studies were conducted in order to investigate the utility of a two-dimensional approach to impulsivity and substance misuse, and the specific mechanisms through which each dimension might convey risk...Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Health
School of Psychology
Full Text
37
Hendrickson, Blake Edward. "Personality traits of alcohol and other drug users in Cape Town, South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16568.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical referencesThe Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS) is a relatively new questionnaire that assesses individual personality risk for substance-related problems. Preliminary findings have indicated that the SURPS is a useful measure for identifying characteristics predisposing some individuals to alcohol and other drug (AOD) use. High levels of hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, sensation seeking, and impulsivity are each associated with specific patterns of substance use caused by underlying motivational susceptibilities. Furthermore, incorporating these traits into tailored prevention and treatment efforts have shown value in other countries. The present study enrolled a community sample in Cape Town, South Africa and asked respondents about their demographics, history of AOD use, personality as measured by the SURPS, and other mental health indicators. This information was used to identify personality risks in the local population and validate the utility of the SURPS for the first time in Sub-Saharan Africa. Results found that sensation seekers had a significantly higher risk for alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, cocaine, and hallucinogen use compared to other personality groups and controls. As expected, respondents demonstrating anxiety sensitivity also showed high-risk use of alcohol, but less high-risk illicit drug use . Finally, the hopelessness group exhibited a higher risk for opioid use but overall, hopelessness and impulsivity had little impact on concurrent substance use, which contrasts with other literature. Unlike findings from mostly European and North American samples that indicate generalizability, this study did not find structural or concurrent validity for the SURPS. This provides evidence against it being adopted as a culturally appropriate assessment tool in a diverse South African population.
38
Sim, Shao-chee. "New federalism at work? : the case of the alcohol and drug abuse block grant and substance abuse spending in the American states /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Full text
39
Sultan, Farah. "DRUG AND/OR ALCOHOL ABUSE OUTCOME IN MENTAL ILLNESS:THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SOCIAL SUPPORT." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/403356.
Full textAbstract:
Public HealthM.S.
ABSTRACT Introduction: The present study examined whether social support served as a mediator (i.e., an apparent causal mechanism) for the relationship between mental illness (MI) and drug and/or alcohol abuse (SA). Objective: This study’s objective was to determine the role of social support as a potential mediator in the relationship between mental illness and drug and/or alcohol abuse. Methods: We utilized data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT), conducted on individuals at risk for HIV in Philadelphia jails by following 600 study participants coming out of jails. Out of these 600 individuals, data was selected for individuals with mental illness and drug and/or alcohol abuse. In the parent study, these individuals were identified by asking questions about their mental illness, and drug and/or alcohol abuse problems. They also answered Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire about social support. They provided demographic data on their age, race, gender, religion, marital status and education level, which was collected as part of a face-to-face demographic interview conducted during the baseline assessment. Results: Data was analyzed using negative binomial regression method to test for mediation effect. Results indicated that social support mediated the relationship between mental illness and drug abuse. We ran two generalized linear and one general linear regression models. In the first model, we looked at the total effect of mental illness on drug abuse (c); we found that the incidence rate for drug abuse (SA) would be expected to increase by a factor of 1.387, (IRR,1.387; CI,1.270-1.515; P =0.000) for every one-unit increase in mental illness (M1), while holding all other variables in the model constant. In the second model we adjusted our mediator, social support (SS) and looked at the direct effect of mental illness on drug abuse (c’). We interpreted that for every one-unit increase in mental illness, the incidence rate for drug abuse would be expected to increase by a factor of 2.717, (IRR,2.717; 95% CI,1.629 - 4.532; P = .000). For every one-unit increase in social support, the incidence rate for drug abuse is expected to decrease by a factor of .498, (IRR,.498; 95% CI,.443 - .560; P = .000). In the third model we found, for every one-unit increase in mental illness, there is an associated increase by 2.495 units in social support, P= .000. There was an inconsistent mediation in our model. Effect size for mediation by Percent mediation (Pm) method was found to be 0.64, it is the proportion of the effect that is mediated by our mediator social support. Sobel test showed the significance of mediation with a test statistic of 4.8282 at a significance level of 0.000. Conclusion: Our data supported an alternative theory of inconsistent mediation. We found that social support mediates the relationship between mental illness and drug abuse, where positive social support has a stimulator effect on mental illness and a suppressor effect on drug abuse. Mental illness may have direct unfavorable effects on the drug abuse (outcome) and positive social network has beneficial effects on this outcome. We conclude that positive support allows betterment of mental health of patients and prevents involvement in drug abuse. Further, there is a need to consider both the positive and negative effects of social support while keeping in mind these associations may differ among sociodemographic groups.
Temple University--Theses
40
Carrano, Jennifer L. "Cumulative Genetic and Environmental Predictors of Youth Substance Use." Thesis, Boston College, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2910.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Rebekah Levine ColeySubstance abuse and dependence are among the nation's leading health issues, leading to more illnesses, disabilities, and deaths than any other modifiable health condition. Substance use among youth is of particular concern, as rates are higher than among any other age group and because early use is associated with a higher risk of later abuse and dependence and a higher incidence of related risk-taking behavior. Thus, a better understanding of the causes of substance use problems is a central issue. The primary goal of this study was to examine genetic and environmental predictors of youth alcohol and drug abuse and dependence. This study expands upon extant research by being the first to utilize a genetic risk score (GRS) approach to examine the joint effect of four dopaminergic genetic polymorphisms on substance abuse and dependence, by incorporating cumulative measures of environmental risk and promotive factors, and by examining gene-environment interactions (GxEs) and gender differences in substance use predictors, thus allowing for a more comprehensive assessment of environmental and genetic influences than has previously been attempted. Analyses were conducted on a national longitudinal sample of 1,396 Caucasian youth who participated in surveys and DNA sampling in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, with individuals followed from adolescence (ages 12-18) into early adulthood (ages 24-32). Logistic regression analyses examined main and interactive effects of cumulative environmental risk and promotive factors and genetic risk scores on clinically significant alcohol and drug abuse and dependence in early adulthood. Analyses were conducted separately for males and females to examine gender differences in substance use predictors. Results show that a dopaminergic GRS index significantly predicted the likelihood that female, but not male, youth will meet clinical criteria for substance abuse and dependence, even after accounting for cumulative environmental influences. No evidence of GxE was found. These results provide a better understanding of the etiology of substance abuse and dependence and provide evidence of the utility of GRS methods for studying genetic influences on substance use behaviors
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2012
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology
41
Trogdon, Carrie E. "Applying the Attribution-emotion Model to alcohol and drug abuse : the effects of target gender and valence of behavioral cause /." Electronic version (PDF), 2005. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2005/trogdonc/carrietrogdon.html.
Full text
42
Wright, Sharon D. "An examination of the process of incorporating performance-based standards into a drug and alcohol facility." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1997. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1997.Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2964. Abstract precedes thesis as 2 preliminary leaves. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [1-3]).
43
Hammond, Augustine. "An assessment of adolescents' perceptions of and attitudes toward police instructors in school-based drug prevention programs." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1124292573.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertation (Ph. D.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Urban Studies and Public Affairs, 2005."August, 2005." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 01/15/2006) Advisor, Sonia Alemagno; Committee members, Peter Leahy, Lucinda Deason, Dennis Keating, Jesse Marquette, Zili Sloboda; Department Chair, Raymond Cox III; Dean of the College, Charles Monroe; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
44
Quaranta, Joseph J. "Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug attitudes and use among adolescents with severe behavioral handicaps /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487948440827228.
Full text
45
Hammes, Shelley. "Differences in developmental assets and alcohol and drug use of Siren students in grades 7-12 after one year." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002hammess.pdf.
Full text
46
Orwa, Titus Okello. "Modelling the dynamics of alcohol and methamphetamine co-abuse in the Western Cape Province of South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95982.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Clinical results have indicated that abuse of multiple drugs/substances has devastating health and social consequences. The combined abuse of alcohol and the highly addictive methamphetamine has worsened the drug epidemic in South Africa, especially in the Western Cape Province. Using non-linear ordinary differential equations, we formulate a deterministic mathematical model for alcohol-methamphetamine coabuse epidemic. We prove that the growth of the co-abuse epidemic is dependent on the threshold parameters of the individual substances of abuse. The substance with the maximum reproduction number dominates the epidemic. We also prove that the equilibria points of the co-abuse sub-models are locally and globally asymptotically stable when the sub-model threshold parameters are less than unity. Using parameters values derived from the sub-model fittings to data, a population estimate of co-users of alcohol and methamphetamine under treatment is estimated with a prevalence of about 1%. Although the results show of a small proportion of co-users of alcohol and methamphetamine in the province, the prevalence curve is indicative of a persistent problem. Numerical simulation results reveal that co-abuse epidemic would persists when both reproduction numbers are greater than one. Results from sensitivity analysis shows that the individual substance transmission rates between users of methamphetamine and/or alcohol and the general susceptible population are the most vital parameters in the co-abuse epidemic. This suggests the need to emphasise on preventive measures through educational campaigns and social programs that ensure minimal recruitment into alcohol or methamphetamine abuse. Model analysis using the time-dependent controls (policies) emphasizes the need to allocate even more resources on educational campaigns against substance abuse and on effective treatment services that minimizes or eliminates rampant cases of relapse into substance abuse.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kliniese resultate toon dat die misbruik van meer as een dwelmmiddel verwoestende gesondheids-en sosiale gevolge het. Die gekombineerde misbruik van alkohol en die hoogsverslawende methamphetamine het die dwelm-epidemie in Suid-Afrika vererger, veral in die Wes-Kaapse provinsie. Deur van nie-lineere gewone diffensiaalvergelykings gebruik te maak, formuleer ons ’n deterministiese wiskundige model vir epidemie van die gesamentlike misbruik van alkohol en methamphetamine. Ons toon aan dat die groei van die sogenaamde mede-misbruik epidemie afhanklik is van die drumpelparameters van die individuele middels wat misbruik word. Die middels met die grootste voortbringende syfer domineer die epidemie. Ons bewys ook dat die ekwilibriumpunte van die mede-misbruik submodelle plaaslik en globaal asimptoties stabiel is wanneer die sub-model drumpelparameters kleiner as een is. Deur die submodelle op werklike data te pas word waardes vir die drumpelparameters afgelei en word daar beraam dat daar ongeveer 1% van die populasie mede-misbruikers van alkohol en methamphetamine onder behandeling is. Alhoewel die data ’n klein persentasie van mede-misbruikers van alkohol en methamphetamine in die provinsie toon, dui die voorkomskurwe op ’n groeiende endemie en voortdurende probleem. Resultate uit numeriese simulasie toon dat die mede-misbruik epidemie sal voortduur indien beide reproduserende syfers groter as een sal wees. Resultate van sensitiwiteitsanalise toon dat die individuele middeloordragkoerse tussen gebruikers van methamphetamine en/of alkohol en die gewone vatbare populasie die mees noodsaaklike parameters in die mede-misbruik epidemie is. Dit stel voor dat daar meer klem gelê moet word op voorkomingsmaatreëls deur opvoedkundige veldtogte en sosiale programme om te verseker dat minder alkohol en/of methamphetamine misbruik sal word. Model-analise wat gebruik maak van tyd-afhanklike kontroles (beleide) lê verder klem op die feit dat selfs meer hulpbronne aan opvoedkundige veldtogte teen dwelmmisbruik toegewy moet word, asook die effektiewe behandeling wat gevalle van terugval in dwelmmisbruik sal minimeer of elimineer.
47
O'Connell, Emma. "Homelessness : the relationship between childhood trauma, emotion dysregulation, experiential avoidance and drug and alcohol abuse." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.548324.
Full text
48
Bowden-Jones, Henrietta. "Executive function as a predictor of outcome in the treatment of alcohol and drug abuse." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509494.
Full text
49
Taylor, Katherine Markham. "The effects of alcohol and drug abuse on the sternal end of the fourth rib." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289126.
Full textAbstract:
Estimation of skeletal age at death is based on the premise that osseous tissue undergoes predictable and patterned changes through the life of the individual that can be quantified and accurately correlated with skeletal age. The utility of any method of estimating skeletal age at death is dependent on two basic principles. First, the descriptive parameters of the method must account for the range of phenotypic variation observed at the skeletal site. Second, the method must be accurate when applied to an unknown individual, regardless of the individual's unique life history. This study examines the reliability and accuracy of the sternal end of the fourth rib method for the determination of skeletal age at death and explores whether chronic substance abuse alters the pattern of change at the sternal end of the fourth rib. Additional variables considered include gender, race and the presence of thoracic disease. One hundred and fifty five sets of ribs, obtained during forensic autopsy, are examined and age at death determined in two separate trials. All antemortem data, with the exception of gender, are collected following completion of rib examination in order to prevent biasing the observer. Reliability (intra-observer error) and accuracy are computed utilizing the kappa statistic. The results suggest that the sternal end of the fourth rib is a reliable but not an accurate method of determining skeletal age at death. The variables of sex, race, and thoracic disease all influence the accuracy of the method. Chronic substance abuse appears to influence both the reliability and the accuracy of the method.
50
Minor, Dale M. "An evaluation of the completion and recidivism rates for a collaborative community college based alcohol and other drug offenders diversion program /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1188313072.
Full text