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1
Simonič, Barbara, and Elżbieta Osewska. "Emotional Experience and Consequences of Growing Up in a Family with Alcoholism in Adult Children of Alcoholics." Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II 13, no. 1 (July 14, 2023): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15633/pch.13105.
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Adult children of alcoholics are adults who spent a part of, or their whole childhood in a dysfunctional family, where the biggest problem was alcohol addiction in one or both parents. In families with parental alcoholism, there is usually a lot of dysfunction in interpersonal relationships and in the upbringing of the children, which does not provide a healthy and optimal developmental environment for the child. There is often physical and psychological violence, and other forms of abuse and neglect that children perceive as traumatic. All this leaves the child with severe consequences, which they also struggle with in adulthood. Unresolved and traumatic childhood content often remains repressed and unprocessed and helps shape one’s functioning in adulthood, which is frequently emotionally and socially immature. Adult children of alcoholics often have problems in experiencing and regulating their emotions, as they had to carry many emotional burdens in a dysfunctional family, while they had no real opportunity for the healthy development of emotional regulation. The article will present research on the emotional experience of children with their alcoholic parents and how they recognize related consequences in their adult lives. Using the content analysis method, we analyzed 71 anonymous forum posts on the counselling forum on the topic “Adult children of alcoholics.” The directed approach to content analysis was used to validate forum posts by people who described their childhood experiences with an alcoholic parent. We identified parts of the content that fell into two predetermined categories: emotional experience in childhood with an alcoholic parent and the experience of its consequences in adulthood. The results showed that the adult children of alcoholics mostly experienced severe feelings of fear, shame, sadness and disgust with their alcoholic parents in their childhood, and that these feelings have remained unprocessed. In adulthood, they struggle with negative consequences in the personal sphere (e.g. poor self-esteem, inferiority, anxiety, depression), in interpersonal relationships (e.g. problems in partnerships, mistrust, social phobia, parental stress, complicated relationships with parents) and in everyday functioning (e.g. coping with one’s own addiction, dysfunctional behavioural patterns), but they also recognize that because of this experience they have managed to lay the foundations of their lives differently and better. The results confirm that children are hidden victims of parental alcoholism and justify the need for psychosocial and therapeutic support even in their adulthood.
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Drzewiecka, Sandra, and Katarzyna Zalas. "Experiences of Alcoholic Families in Memories Adult Children of Alcoholics." Pedagogika. Studia i Rozprawy 32 (2023): 189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/p.2023.32.12.
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The article focuses on the analysis of the experiences of people who grew up in families affected by alcoholism. The study focuses on a group of adults, called Adult Children of Alcoholics (ADA), who experienced/are experiencing difficulties related to alcoholism of one of their parents during their childhood. The aim of the article is to present the experiences gained from the family home in the opinion of Adult Children of Alcoholics. The analysis included features and properties of the family environment, relationships with adults – parents, values valued in the family of origin, as well as an assessment of the impact of experiences acquired in childhood on functioning in adulthood.
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Downs, William R., Brenda A. Miller, and Dawn M. Gondoli. "Childhood Experiences of Parental Physical Violence for Alcoholic Women as Compared with a Randomly Selected Household Sample of Women." Violence and Victims 2, no. 4 (January 1987): 225–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.2.4.225.
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The effects of childhood experiences of parental violence on the development of alcoholism in women were examined by comparing a sample of 45 alcoholic women selected from local treatment agencies and Alcoholics Anonymous groups with 40 nonalcoholic women selected randomly from the population. Two-hour person-to-person interview schedules were administered to both samples. The Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) assessed both father-to-daughter and mother-to-daughter relationships. Type of sample was regressed on each CTS subscale, controlling for presence of parental alcoholism, number of childhood changes in family structure, present age of respondent, and present income source. Alcoholic women were found to have higher father-to-daughter negative verbal interaction, moderate violence, and serious violence than household women. Father-to-daughter positive verbal interaction was found unrelated to membership in the alcoholism sample. None of the mother-to-daughter subscales were found to predict membership in the alcoholism sample.
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Vogelsang, Eric. "Social Relationships and Alcohol Abuse in Older Ages." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 404–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1302.
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Abstract In an aging world, researchers and practitioners often extol the health benefits of social relationships (e.g., family ties, social participation) for older adults. Yet, they generally ignore how these same bonds and activities may contribute to negative health behaviors, such as alcohol use and abuse. Using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (16,065 observations from a cohort of 7,007 respondents), I examine how family structure, family history, and participating in certain social activities predict alcohol consumption and symptoms of alcoholism between ages 53 and 71. I find that having children and taking part in two particular social activities (meeting friends and group exercise) are associated with problematic drinking behavior. Moreover, religious participation and ever living with alcoholics were associated with reporting negative alcohol consequences, but not with alcohol consumption itself. These findings contextualize the increasing rates of alcohol abuse among older adults.
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Suneel, Ivan, Elizabeth Schwaiger Suneel, and Sarah Anthoney. "Relationship Between the Family Roles and Attachment Styles Among Adult Children of Alcoholic Fathers in Pakistan." Global Regional Review V, no. III (September 30, 2020): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(v-iii).07.
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Studies suggest that alcoholism is on the rise around the world, with many individuals facing the damaging consequences of this affliction. Children of Alcoholics (COAs) deal with several psychosocial issues that manifest themselves in the forms of defense mechanisms, or roles which affect their attachment styles and personal relationships. Purposive sampling was used on 398 participants (201 males, 197 females). The first one was for the participants (18 to 25 age range, the minimum level of education: tenth grade). The second was the fathers of the adult children, admitted in rehabilitation for alcoholism. The third foundation for setting the criteria was the family (a nuclear family system and has at least three siblings). A chisquare test for independence was significant [x2 (8, N = 398) = 433.551, p < .001], indicating that adult COAs with specific attachment styles are prone to take on certain roles within the family.
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Grasha, Anthony F., and Margot Homan. "Psychological Size and Distance in the Relationships of Adult Children of Alcoholics with Their Parents." Psychological Reports 76, no. 2 (April 1995): 595–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.76.2.595.
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Adult children of alcoholics' ( n = 68) perceptions of their relationships with parents were compared with those of a control sample ( n = 37) to examine independent and joint influences of interpersonal status and affect on family dynamics. Visual metaphors for relationships using circle drawings and a status-affect rating scale from the Grasha-Ichiyama Psychological Size and Distance Scale were employed. Compared with the control group, adult children of alcoholics drew smaller circles to represent themselves, i.e., indicating less interpersonal status, only when assessing their relationships with their fathers. Analyses of status-affect ratings showed that the drawings of smaller circles reflected feeling less competent, i.e., having less personal knowledge and expertise, rather than perceptions of being submissive in the relationship. The distance drawn between the circles of adult children of alcoholics and their parents, i.e., psychological distance, was much larger than that of the control group. Ratings showed that perceptions of a negative emotional climate and submissiveness together accounted for 25% of the unique variance in predicting psychological distance. Perceptions of being submissive, however, were not associated with perceptions of psychological distance among adult children of nonalcoholic parents.
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VanValkenburg, C., S. Lilienfeld, and H. S. Akiskal. "The impact of familial personality disorder and alcoholism on the clinical features of depression." Psychiatry and Psychobiology 2, no. 3 (January 1, 1987): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0767399x00004284.
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SummaryWe compared patients with DSD or depression spectrum disease (family history positive for alcoholism or antisocial personality disorder in a first degree relative) to other depressives. DSD patients were likely to be diagnosed as having antisocial or borderline personality disorder, to be alcoholics, amphetamine abusers, or hysterics. They had more chronic depressive features, including hostility and self-pitying, bad-tempered, labile, and irritable mood, and they were nervous, worrisome, immature, overly dependent, and had tempestuous relationships. Their depressions were usually described as “reactive”, but their social outcomes were more likely to be poor.
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Hall, J. Camille. "Kinship Ties: Attachment Relationships that Promote Resilience in African American Adult Children of Alcoholics." Advances in Social Work 8, no. 1 (April 30, 2007): 130–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/136.
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For many African Americans, the extended family has been the source of strength, resilience, and survival. Although changes in African American families, like changes in all families in the United States that have diluted the importance of kinship ties, many African Americans continue to place a high value on extended family members. Children of Africans and communities of African descent traditionally interact with multiple caregivers, consisting of kin, and fictive kin.Utilizing both attachment theory and risk and resilience literature, this paper discusses ways to better understand the resilient nature of African American families and how multiple attachment relationships assist at-risk African American children, specifically adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs).
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Baranskaya, L., and Y. Babyshkina. "A study of reasons why teenagers living in the countryside become alcoholics at an early age." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1099.
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Introduction Irreversible damage is caused to the physical and psychic health of teenagers who become alcoholics at an early age. They later become addicted to alcohol which factor leads to the risk of development of chronic diseases, medical and social consequences Objectives Monitoring of subjective reasons and widespread frequency of drinking alcohol by teenagers living in the countryside aged 13-17 Methods One thousand sixty two teenagers volunteered to take part in the study: 55.0% female and 45.0% male. Anonymous survey was used. The forms made up by the Center of Monitoring of Detrimental Habits among Children and Teenagers (Moscow, Russia) Results The results of the study undertaken made it possible to see the main reasons for the early formation of drinking habits and the age at which teenagers start to drink. The main reason is the socially widespread myth that alcoholic drinks of a high quality are not detrimental to health at all. One third of the teenage respondents think so. The 42.3% of the young men and 65.3% of the girls show that first drank alcoholic drinks were in the family. Teenagers living in the countryside start to drink at the age of 13 to 17 including. The peak for females is 15-16, for males it is 13-16 Conclusions Taking into account the significant role of the family in the formation of early drinking habits of teenage males and females living in the countryside and the stable attitudes in family traditions would not help form in teenagers a motivated refusal to drink alcohol Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Kim, S. G., S. Huh, and Y. S. Kim. "Predictive factors for treatment failure in reducing alcoholic consumption by case management in alcoholics living in permanent rental apartments." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2158.
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Introduction Based on the results showing that there are more alcoholics in the low-income bracket, case management (CM) for such cases was initiated in 2011. As a result, the treatment failure rate was identified between 43-44% based on the WHO criteria. Objectives We investigated the predictive factors for the treatment failure to maximize successful CM treatment. Methods Thirty-nine subjects from Sasang-gu and Saha-gu treated by four social workers using CM were included in this study. Failure was defined when the level of risk was maintained or increased as per the WHO criteria. The clinical characteristics of the subjects including their age and gender were collected. Results Typically, 17 (43.6%) subjects demonstrated treatment failure by the CM (TF). Compared with the subjects who were treated successfully (n=22; TS), TF maintained abstinence in shorter periods in terms of the longest abstinent period compared with TS while CM (28.24±.99 vs. 76.82±.27, p=.025). The higher population in TF did not make an effort to quit drinking compared with TS while CM (41.2% vs.13.6%, p=.051). Also, more TF stayed with their family members compared with TS (58.8% vs. 31.8%, p=.092). Conclusions The results showed that shorter abstinence periods and the absence of efforts initiated to quit drinking while CM, and living with family members were the predictive factors for failure in treating alcoholics by the CM. It is presumed that influencing patients to quit drinking and encouraging them to abstain for longer periods are crucial to attaining successful treatment. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Stankovic, M., S. Alcaz, S. Vucetic-Arsic, M. Nikic, R. Popovic, and S. Pejic. "Co-occurrence of patological gambling and alcohol dependence like common behavior." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71820-x.
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IntroductionPathological gambling and alcoholism are more common. In recent literature many factors may increase the risk for both conditions (social, cognitive, genetic, psychopharmacological).ObjectivesExperts talk about problematic behavior linking gambling and alcoholism and the terms „disordered gambling behavior“ and „disordered alcoholics behavior“ occurrence like common behaviour. Most gamblers drink alcohol during gambling.AimOur paper show that some kind of disordered or dysfunctional behavior among pathological gambling and alcoholism presented common behavior frame for both of them.MethodsWe observed 25 male inpatients/outpatients, range of age between 20 – 50, for six months period of time who were treated in Department of Alcoholism in Special Hospital On Addictions, Belgrade, Serbia.We used the ICD-X diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling and alcohol dependence (excluded other disorder and co morbidity), data collected by medical history of illnes, psychiatry interview and check list for behavior disorder for both conditions.ResultsAll the patients have negative consequences of their pathological gambling and alcoholism like loss the money, loss the job,disfunctonal family and partners relationships, loss of friends, avoid school and other peer activities, improve criminal behavior, sleep disorder, anxiety, depressive mood disorder. Also, occurrences the impulsivity behavior and lack of control as common factor for both behavior.ConclusionAccording the available literature and ICD-X do not meet the diagnostic criteria for common behavior disorder co-occurrence of pathological gambling and alcoholism yet, but determine „event-level“ like co-occurrence of gambling and drinking behavior. Some paper like this shows that exist common behavior linking gambling and alcoholism.
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Francis, Jini P., and Viju Painadath Devassy. "Setting the Children’s Teeth on Edge? The Influence of Parental Alcoholism on Children’s Wellbeing." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.32.1.
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The research on the impact of alcoholism on the family indicates that alcoholism often poses threat to the wellbeing of the family, the most affected ones being the other spouse and the children. Alcoholism often poses serious risk to the emotional, cognitive, behavioural, physical and social wellbeing of the abuser, the partner and the children. Most of the researches have explored the impact of parental alcoholism on the negative outcome on psychosocial development of partners and children, very few documented studies have been carried out on the positive aspects of life such as wellbeing and futuristic hope in the children of alcoholic parents (COA). This study attempts to explore the relationship and the difference between QOL and Hope in COA and children of non-alcoholics (CONA). The study was conducted on a sample of 60 children each between the age of 12 to 15 from alcoholics and non-alcoholic parents drawn from a district of Kerala using purposive sampling technique. The measures used were QOL-BREF by WHO (1996) and Children Hope Scale (CHS) by Snyder et al. (1996). The data was first analyzed using the descriptive statistics, the normality of the data was checked using Shapiro Wilk test, Mann-Whitney U test was used to find the difference between the COA and CONA on QOL and Hope. The relationship between the variables was assed using Spearman rank correlation. The results of the study indicate that there is significant difference in QOL among the children of alcoholics and non-alcoholics. The COA demonstrated comparatively less Hope than the CONA, however there was no significant difference among them. The QOL and Hope were correlated only among the CONA. The study has implication for positive intervention for the COA, parental and school based interventions such as preventive, remedial and holistic counselling or therapy.
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Roman, Nicolette Vanessa. "Editorial: Community Development through Family Well-Being." Open Family Studies Journal 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874922401507010001.
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The year 2014 was considered as the twentieth anniversary year of the family and in a sense acknowledges the important role of the family in society. Families are central to communities and one could almost consider the family-community connection to be a loop. In other words, when families are functioning well communities fare very well, which then relates back to families. But how are we to understand this important role of the family? Families are defined in different ways. According to Braithwaite and Baxter [1] “a family is a social group of two or more persons characterized by ongoing interdependence, with long term commitments that stem from blood, law and affection”. Chambers [2] believes that families are not a fixed concept but can rather be described beyond blood lines into a socially constructed concept. In South Africa, in terms of family policy, the family is defined “as a public group of people that is directly related (by blood), related by adoption or fostering or through marriage” [3]. In describing a family, there are often two very broad terms used which are functional and dysfunctional families. These descriptions are often determined by the processes or functions/practices between and amongst family members. Family functioning includes the manner in which family members relate to and with one another including how they search for goals, activities the family engages in together and separately, and acceptance of family practices. Furthermore, when a family is functioning well, family members hardly develop psychological problems, they perform tasks together, are able to deal with problems, and have understandable restrictions [4]. These are well functioning families, but families also do not function very well and these families could be considered as unhealthy and dysfunctional, often described as at-risk [5]. Both terms have consequences especially for future adults. In describing a family, there are often two very broad terms used which are functional and dysfunctional families. These descriptions are often determined by the processes or functions/practices between and amongst family members. Family functioning includes the manner in which family members relate to and with one another including how they search for goals, activities the family engages in together and separately, and acceptance of family practices. Furthermore, when a family is functioning well, family members hardly develop psychological problems, they perform tasks together, are able to deal with problems, and have understandable restrictions [4]. These are well functioning families, but families also do not function very well and these families could be considered as unhealthy and dysfunctional, often described as at-risk [5]. Both terms have consequences especially for future adults.the control and responsibility rests with the family. In this special issue, six articles highlight issues in the family which have consequences for family members and the community, either overtly or covertly. The article of Frantz, Sixaba & Smith focuses on family structure and the effects on health risk behavior of young people in Africa. This article highlights the plight of orphans living with caregivers, the definitive relationship between sexual risk behavior and family structure and provides the evidence that sexual risk behaviors loops back to HIV/AIDS in African countries. In this article gender, race and culture play a role in the relationship. In the article by Ryan, Roman & Okwany parental monitoring and communication are explored as important in the prevention, delay and reduction of substance abuse and risky sexual activity. These studies suggest that culture acts as a buffer against adolescent risk behaviors and that the mental health of parents is also important in the monitoring and communication with their adolescents. The Jacobs & Jacobs study focuses on mothers who are alcoholics and provides family narrations of secrecy, shame and silence but also highlights coping and recovery for alcoholics. Londt, Davids & Wilson used Social Learning Theory as a lens to understand the role of the family in the chronic denial of imprisoned sex offenders. These imprisoned sex offenders were raised in single-parent households with absent fathers, domestic violence substance abuse, unsatisfactory support and compromised parenting styles were prevalent. In the Mukasano, Schenck & van der Merwe article, a qualitative study explores parents’ experiences of their adolescents engaging in mobile texting. Parents find themselves having to monitor and negotiate rules and expectations with their adolescents. The study emphasizes the importance of communication and trust, respect and preparing for the disengagement process between members. Furthermore, substances are abused, physical, sexual and emotional abuse are present and children lack support and care. Within these families, there is the daily challenge of meeting the needs of family members. This could be due to the socio-economic circumstances of the family which in turn deprives family members of necessary resources and other social support. As a result, this undermines the ability of family members to perform expected functions and consequently results in the exposure to risk. Subsequently, at-risk families need additional support in order to cope with the myriad of challenges they face. This support may be in the form of other family members, community members or from government. Additionally, this support could also strengthen the family. Families should be seen as the entry point for service delivery and the subsequent building and development of communities [3]. Therefore, family relations, which are good and strong are important for the wellbeing of the individual, family and community [7]. In other words, family wellbeing is a concept that goes beyond economic wealth and includes physical and emotional health as well as safety and good quality relationships [7]. Similarly, family well-being and family functioning assume that families work best and contribute to society when there is a balance between the economic and non-economic factors [8] but it is very complex because family wellbeing is a multi-dimensional concept with different dimensions. These include providing financial support, good housing or access to services [9]. How does family well-being then relate to community development? The creation, development and growth of communities is dependent on families. For example, when families are not doing well, the family members will act out that is outside of the family. This acting out often occurs within the community and could be the engaging in antisocial behavior, substance abuse, violence, etc. These behaviours subsequently break down communities instead of building them up. The same could be said for the effects of family wellbeing. Tsey et al. [10] found that family wellbeing is an enabler for people to take control and responsibility of their own situations but more importantly, once they are able to do this, there is a ripple effect on increasing harmony and capacity to address issues within the wider community. Clearly, there is a relationship between family wellbeing and the overt and covert development of communities but parent and child. The final article of Jooste & Maritz is an exploration of the perceptions of healthcare professionals and family members regarding youth’s experiences of trauma. This article found that when youth experience trauma, there is a ripple effect onto other family members and the larger community which resulted in the entire system feeling helpless and depleted of resources to cope.
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Marusic, Raluca-Ioana, Bianca Augusta Oroian, Catinca Pătrașcu, Adelina Soveja, Codrina Moraru, and Petronela Nechita. "Echoes of addiction in family dynamics and spousal coping." Bulletin of Integrative Psychiatry 101, no. 2 (June 15, 2024): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36219/bpi.2024.2.06.
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Alcohol use disorder is a medical condition marked by a diminished capacity to halt or manage alcohol consumption, even in the face of detrimental social, professional, or health outcomes. It encompasses various terms such as alcohol abuse, dependence, addiction, and colloquially, alcoholism. Research has consistently highlighted the significant toll that alcoholism can take on the spouses of individuals struggling with alcohol addiction. Living with a spouse who struggles with alcoholism can be incredibly challenging and emotionally taxing. It can have significant impacts on one's mental and physical health, as well as on the dynamics of the relationship and family life. The typologies of wives of alcoholics categorize the various coping and behavioral patterns these individuals may adopt in response to their spouse's alcoholism, including enabling the behavior, adopting a victim mindset, compensating by being overly competent (the hero), displaying oppositional behavior (the rebel), or withdrawing emotionally and socially to protect themselves. The dynamics of alcoholism in a marriage can erode trust, communication, and intimacy, often leading to a breakdown of the relationship if left unaddressed. Seeking professional help, such as therapy or support groups, can be crucial for both spouses to navigate the challenges of alcoholism and work towards healing and recovery, either individually or as a couple.
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EIDEN, RINA DAS, FELIPA CHAVEZ, and KENNETH E. LEONARD. "Parent–infant interactions among families with alcoholic fathers." Development and Psychopathology 11, no. 4 (December 1999): 745–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579499002308.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between fathers' alcoholism and the quality of parent–infant interactions during free play. A related goal was to study the potential mediating or moderating role of comorbid parental psychopathology, such as depression and antisocial behavior, difficult infant temperament, and parental aggression. The sample consisted of 204 families with 12-month-old infants (104 alcoholic and 100 control families), recruited from New York State birth records. Results indicated that fathers' alcoholism was associated with a number of other risk factors (depression, antisocial behavior, and family aggression). Fathers' alcoholism was also associated with more negative father–infant interactions as indicated by lower paternal sensitivity, positive affect, verbalizations, higher negative affect, and lower infant responsiveness among alcoholic fathers. As expected, fathers' depression mediated the relationship between fathers' alcoholism and sensitivity, while maternal depression mediated the association between maternal alcohol problems and maternal sensitivity. Parents' psychopathology did not moderate the association between alcoholism and parent-infant interactions. The results from the present study suggest that the origins of risk for later maladjustment among children of alcoholic fathers are apparent as early as infancy and highlight the role of comorbid parental risk factors.
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Vaglum, Sonja, Per Vaglum, and Øivind Larsen. "Family Risk Factors of Alcoholism and Drinking Patterns among Non Alcoholic Women: An Inverse Relationship?" Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine 16, no. 4 (December 1988): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/140349488801600416.
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95 non alcoholic female employees were personally interviewed and divided into three drinking pattern groups with an increasing level of alcohol consumption: the traditional feminine drinking group (TF) ( n=28), the new feminine drinking group (NF) ( n=37), and the masculine drinking group (M) ( n=30). The groups were compared on family variables which may be regarded as risk factors of alcoholism. The results show an inverse relationship between family risk factors and consumption level, the TF-group having significantly more risk factors than the other two groups. The TF-women more often came from families where the mother and her parents were abstainers, while the father and his parents were more often alcohol abusers or not abstainers. The TF-women were more often attached to their alcoholic fathers as children, while the M-women were more often attached to their mothers. The choice of drinking pattern may be inversely related to the frequency of family risk factors among non alcoholic women.
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Datta, Shib Sekhar, R. Rupesh Kanna, Surendar Rangaswamy, and Rajkumar S. "An epidemiological study into risk factors of suicidal ideation and attempt among young and adult population in rural Pondicherry, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 3 (February 22, 2017): 803. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20170762.
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Background: Suicide is one of the major public health problems in low and middle income countries. However, information about causes and risk factors are insufficient. Objectives of the study were to find out prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among young and adult population in rural Pondicherry and to analyse the risk factors qualitatively.Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 18-44 years’ population in rural Pondicherry during January to June 2012. Total 200 subjects were interviewed by house to house visit. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, concurrent illness, family and personal history were obtained. Factors contributing to suicidal ideation and attempt were collected through FGDs, free listing and pile sorting exercise. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Qualitative data analyzed using Anthropac 4.98.1/X software.Results: 8% subjects had ever attempted and 7.5% had ideas of suicide. Suicidal ideation/ attempt were more among males and 36-45 years group. Physical disability, infertility/sterility and chronic illness were significantly associated with suicidal ideation or attempt. Family dispute, history of beaten by spouse and family history of suicide/attempt was significantly associated with ideation. Alcoholism, failed relationship, physical abuses were strongly associated with ideas of suicide or attempt. Risk factors for males include failed relationships, more than one wife, family dispute, alcoholism etc. Risk factors for females include failed relationship, poor performance in exam, quarrel with friends, unemployment, alcoholic husband, pressure for dowry, extramarital relationship by husband etc.Conclusions: Suicidal attempt and ideation rates were high in study area and demand population based mental health interventions to reduce population suicide rates.
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Dragisic-Labas, Sladjana. "Application of dyadic adjustment scale in the systemic family therapy for alcoholism." Sociologija 50, no. 3 (2008): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0803293d.
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Conceptions about marriage with alcoholic relations (based on empirical and clinical research by domestic and foreign authors) are presented in the introductory part of the paper, followed by evaluations of marital (family) therapies and conclusions about its importance in treating alcoholism. The study has included 200 marital couples (husband-alcoholic) on therapy in three psychiatric institutions from Belgrade. Dyadic Adjustment Scale test has been applied, measuring (in three time points - on the beginning, in six months, and after one year of therapy) marital couple cohesion, satisfaction (with marital relations), emotional expression and consensus. The results show the existence of firm alcoholic marital system at the beginning of the treatment, with low consensus and high satisfaction, which has been deconstructing and changing over time and forming more functional (healthier) marital relationship. Couples (17) that self-excluded from the therapy in first two months have been compared with the sample of couples, which successfully completed the treatment. Differences (lower score on DAS) have been noted from the beginning - weaker marital dyad, in comparison to couples that completed the treatment. The results showed that system family (marital) therapy had influenced significant changes in marital relations - higher consensus, stronger emotional expression and cohesion, as well as satisfaction with non-alcoholic marital relations during one-year treatment.
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Shagina, Julia O. "THE PROBLEM OF ALCOHOLIZATION OF THE MURMANSK REGION AS ONE OF THE MOST DRINKING REGIONS OF RUSSIA." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 5/9, no. 146 (2024): 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2024.05.09.042.
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In this article the author analyzes the alcoholism of the population of the Murmansk region using a comparative comparison of data for the region and Russia as a whole. Separately, the article examines the problem of the relationship between the institution of family and the perception of this institution by the alcoholic part of the population. The author calculates the Pearson correlation between overall mortality in the region and the volume of alcohol consumed, draws up a combinatorial diagram to visualize the results obtained, and considers the effectiveness of measures taken to combat alcoholism in the Murmansk region and makes recommendations for reducing it
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EIDEN, RINA DAS, ELLEN PETERSON EDWARDS, and KENNETH E. LEONARD. "Mother–infant and father–infant attachment among alcoholic families." Development and Psychopathology 14, no. 2 (May 15, 2002): 253–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579402002043.
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This study examined the association between fathers' alcoholism and other risk factors such as parental depression, family conflict, infant temperament, and parent–infant attachment. The quality of parent–infant interactions was hypothesized to be a proximal mediator of the associations among alcoholism and other risk factors and attachment. The participants were 223 families (104 nonalcoholic families and 119 alcoholic families) with 12-month-old infants recruited through birth records. Infants in families with two parents with alcohol problem had significantly higher rates of insecure attachment with both parents. Structural Equations Modeling indicated that the fathers' alcohol problem was associated with lower paternal sensitivity (higher negative affect, lower positive engagement, and lower sensitive responding) during father–infant play interactions, and this in turn was associated with higher risk for infant attachment insecurity with fathers. The association between the fathers' alcohol problem and infant attachment security with the mother was mediated by maternal depression, and maternal alcohol problems and family conflict were associated with maternal sensitivity during play interactions. These results indicate that the fathers' alcoholism is associated with higher family risk including the quality of the parent–infant relationship; infant attachment develops in a family context; and this context has a significant association with attachment security.
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Haver, B. "Female alcoholics V: The relationship between family history of alcoholism and outcome 3?10 years after treatment." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 76, no. 1 (July 1987): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1987.tb02857.x.
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Maier, W., D. Lichtermann, J. Minges, C. Delmo, and R. Heun. "The relationship between bipolar disorder and alcoholism: a controlled family study." Psychological Medicine 25, no. 4 (July 1995): 787–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700035030.
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SYNOPSISBipolar disorder and alcoholism are familial disorders. The familial–genetic relationship between both is controversial and has received insufficient study. This study explores whether bipolar disorder and alcoholism share familial risk factors, and whether the co-occurrence of lifetime diagnosis of bipolar disorder and alcoholism is familial. We report on first-degree relatives of 146 consecutively admitted patients with either bipolar disorder or/and alcoholism; relatives of the patients (in total 728 relatives directly interviewed) were compared with first-degree relatives of 109 general population probands (320 relatives directly interviewed). Overlap between the familial components underlying bipolar disorder and alcoholism was not observed if the analysis was restricted to ‘pure’ diagnostic groups. Excess comorbidity between bipolar disorder and alcoholism was observed in relatives. Multiple sources for this excess of comorbidity between major affective disorders and alcoholism in families of probands with bipolar disorder are likely; in particular, we found evidence for a distinct subgroup of comorbid cases with familial comorbidity; however, excess comorbidity was also found in absence of familial loading with alcoholism.
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Baranskaya, L., and Y. Babyshkina. "Suicidal risks in state of alcoholic drunkenness." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S842. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2180.
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Introduction The last two decades have seen the timeliness of studying the connection between suicides and drunkenness Objectives To evaluate the significance of suicidal risk factors in patients who had committed suicides while being under the effect of alcohol so as to be able to forecast suicidal risks and prevent suicides within this group Methods The authors have carried out an analysis of medical documentation of suicides committed in the Sverdlovsk region. The data on suicides has been taken from forensic expertise acts. The following factors have been taken into account: age, gender, social status of suicide victim, supplementary somatic pathology, and concentration of alcohol in the victim’s blood Results Alcoholic addiction is a behavioral indicator of suicidal risk. The level of suicidal activity in persons with the syndrome of alcoholic addiction is much higher than within the general populace. The age of 25-49 is the peak of suicidal attempts among patients with chronic alcoholism. Genuine suicides prevail during the first stage of chronic alcoholism. The patients are inclined to demonstrate pathological suicidal reactions to social misplacement that show themselves in the form of conflicts within the family and at work. In addition to genuine suicidal attempts made by males in the state of abstinence Conclusions The results received confirm the role of the alcoholic factor in the formation of suicidal behavior and have the aim of elaborating new forms and methods to help prevent suicides committed in the state of alcoholic drunkenness Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Testoni, Ines, Salvatore Russotto, Adriano Zamperini, and Diego De Leo. "Addiction and religiosity in facing suicide: a qualitative study on meaning of life and death among homeless people." Mental Illness 10, no. 1 (May 15, 2018): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mi.2018.7420.
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This qualitative research explores the relationship between religiosity, suicide thoughts and drug abuse among 55 homeless people, interviewed with interpretative phenomenological analysis. Analyzing the thematic structure of the participants' narrations, important main themes appeared in order to avoid suicide, among which family, the certainty of finding a solution and the will to live. However, the suicide ideation inheres in about 30% of participants, almost all believers, addicted and/or alcoholics. Results suggest that religiosity and meaning of death neither prevent from substances abuse and alcoholism, nor is a protective factor against suicide ideation. Meanings of life are the most important reasons for living, and when they are definitively considered unworkable, alcohol and drug help to endure life in the street. A specific model is discussed.
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Uttamchandani, A., A. M. Maarraoui, N. M. Attia, H. A. Latif, M. A. Bakir, R. M. Hanif, Z. J. Siddiqui, A. C. Ashruth, Y. Zachariyah, and L. A. Morris. "Elevated thyroglobulin levels and negative I-131 whole body scans: Six-year experience in United Arab Emirate." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 16508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.16508.
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16508 Purpose: This is a retrospective study of thyroid cancer patients seen at Oncology Department at Mafraq Hospital/UAE from 1/1999 to 12/2005. Clinical data, prognostic factors and treatment outcomes were studied, special emphasis was put on patients with elevated Serum Thyroglobulin (TG) and negative I-131 whole body scans. Patients and Methods: Total of 144 patients were fully evaluated, intent to treat analysis was used. All patients were treated surgically and post-op thyroid technician 99 scan were performed. I-131 ablation was given if the tumor size was =1 cm or if =1 cm (micropapillary) and multi-focal. Post ablation scan was done on day 10 and thyroxin was given in suppressive doses. Periodic evaluations were done with TG level, I-131 whole body scan, neck US and CXR. Plain CT scans and PET scans were done in selected cases. Results: Male to female ratio 1:2.42, non-smokers were 90%, non-alcoholics were 99%, Diabetes and Hypertension were associated in 28% of cases, family history of thyroid cancer was noted in 8%, papillary carcinoma was seen in 85.8%, follicular cancer in 11.6%, hurthel cell cancer in 0.83% and medullary cancer in 0.17%. Vascular and lymphatic invasion was noted in 29% of all cases. Interesting all patients with vascular or lymphatic invasion relapsed locally or distantly. Post-operative thyroid scan showed residual thyroid tissue in 96% of cases. During follow up TG levels (cut off 5.0 ng/ml) were elevated in 52 patients (37% cohort). Diagnostic I-131 scans were done in 36 patients and were positive in 24 patients (67%) and negative in 12 patients (33%). In the 12 patient group of research interest with elevated TG and negative I-131 whole body scans, 9 received high dose I-131 therapy. Of these patients 8 (88%) showed positive post therapy scan and 1 (12%) showed negative post therapy scan. Conclusion: 1. TG is more sensitive marker than diagnostic I-131 scan in making treatment decisions. 2. Lympho vascular invasion has adverse prognostic value. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Dasgupta, A., S. Ray, J. Pal, R. Biswas, D. Ray, and A. Ghosal. "Alcohol Consumption by workers in automobile repair shops of a slum of Kolkata: An assessment with AUDIT instrument." Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v3i3.9188.
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Background National Household Survey of Drug Use in the India in its systematic effort to document the nationwide prevalence of drug use including alcohol consumption reported that almost 21% of the adult male Indian consume alcohol in a year. To find out prevalence, pattern and consequences of drinking and determine the relationship of alcohol use with demographic and socio-economic factors among auto-mobile repair workers. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among auto-mobile repair workers in the urban field practice area of All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata. Results Prevalence of alcoholism in the community of automobile repair workers was found to be as high as 79%. More than 50% of the alcoholics belonged to the hazardous and dependent variety according to the WHO developed AUDIT instrument.53.01% of the alcoholics consumed foreign liquor predominantly and 87.95% bought them from licensed liquor shops. Mean age of initiation of drinking was 18.67 years. Taking loan OR (95% CI) 3.51(1.56-7.92), gambling OR (95% CI) 3.38(1.48-7.69) and clinical signs of alcoholism OR (95% CI) 5.52 (2.13 - 14.29) were significantly associated with chronic alcohol abuse. A multivariate logistic regression model was created for socio-economic variables which showed education AOR (95%CI) 4.65(1.34- 16.31) and total number of family members AOR (95%CI) 5.33(1.31-25.02) were significantly associated with drinking status (Nagelkerke R2 for this model is 0.2585). ConclusionThe prevalence of alcoholism is high in the automobile repair workers and therefore all efforts must be made to reduce, if not eliminate, alcohol consumption among the workers of auto-mobile service centres.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v3i3.9188 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2013;3(3): 269-274
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Vakhrushev, Ya M., and A. P. Lukashevich. "The importance of the bacterial overgrowth syndrome in the development of disorders metabolic functions of the liver in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 93, no. 2 (February 15, 2021): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2021.02.200622.
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Aim. To study the basic metabolic functions of the liver in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and to assess the relationship of these disorders with the bacterial overgrowth syndrome.
Materials and methods. 50 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease at the stage of steatosis were examined. In the verification of the diagnosis, hepatobiliary system ultrasound and FibroMax test data were used. A study was conducted of indicators of lipid, carbohydrate, protein, pigment, mineral metabolism and the exchange of enzymes in the blood. The bacterial overgrowth syndrome was studied by the results of a hydrogen breath test with lactulose using a LactofаH2 analyzer.
Results. Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease showed a significant increase in total cholesterol (median 5.9 mmol/l vs 5.0 mmol/l, p=0.000013), triglycerides (1.35 g/l vs 0.9 g/l, p=0.014), glucose (5.65 mmol/l against 5.1 mmol/l, p=0.000001) of blood serum compared with the control group. An increase in total protein and a tendency to decrease in albumin, an increase in serum sodium and calcium were detected. In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease there is a significant increase in the markers of cytolysis and cholestasis compared with the control group. The bacterial overgrowth syndrome was detected in 72% of cases, with ileocecal valve function impaired in 50% of patients, gastrointestinal motility slowed down, or colon dysbiosis occurred. A correlation analysis revealed positive relationships between the bacterial overgrowth syndrome on the one hand and glucose (r=0.83, p0.05), total protein (r=0.35, p0.05), calcium (r=0.5, p0.05) on the other hand; negative relationship between the bacterial overgrowth syndrome and albumin (r=-0.8, p0.05). In this case, a positive relationship between the bacterial overgrowth syndrome and the increase in glycemia after glucose loading, that is, absorption in the small intestine, was revealed.
Conclusion. The established violations of the metabolic functions of the liver with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are closely related to the bacterial overgrowth syndrome.
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Loor Narvaez, Paola Flor María, and Dayana Margarita Lescay Blanco. "La orientación familiar en la prevención del consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes en la Unidad Educativa Alejo Lascano de Jipijapa." Revista Cognosis. ISSN 2588-0578 5, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/cognosis.v5i3.2797.
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El consumo de bebidas alcohólicas por parte de los adolescentes y jóvenes ha sido una problemática muy analizada en los últimos años. Su consumo se encuentra asociado a diversos factores de riesgos que inciden en el contexto social donde se desarrolla el individuo al convertirse en un hábito no saludable para la salud hasta llegar al alcoholismo lo que ha traído como consecuencia las afectaciones en las relaciones de convivencia social y familiar. La utilización de bebidas alcohólicas es más común en la población masculina que en la femenina y se comienzan su consumo desde aproximadamente los doce años de edad. De ahí que el trabajo que se presente tenga como objetivo analizar los factores de riesgos y las conductas de riesgos que están asociadas a dicho consumo en los estudiantes del bachillerato, así como la necesidad de una formación de la percepción del riesgo que contribuya a la asunción de estilos de vidas saludables y a la prevención del alcoholismo enfatizando en el papel del docente como orientador en el proceso de Educación para la Salud. Para ello se utilizó la búsqueda de información en diferentes fuentes bibliográficas y se propone una alternativa para la prevención del consumo de bebidas alcohólicas donde se enfatizan en las relaciones de convivencia que debe ser desarrollado por los docentes con los estudiantes, la familia y la comunidad.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Prevención; alcohol; drogas; adicción; familia; docentes; convivencia.
THE FAMILY GUIDANCE IN THE PREVENTION OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN ADOLESCENTS IN THE EDUCATIONAL UNIT ALEJO LASCANO FROM JIPIJAPA
ABSTRACT
The consumption of alcoholic beverages by adolescents and young people has been a highly analyzed problem in recent years. Its consumption is associated with various risk factors that affect the social context where the individual develops by becoming an unhealthy habit for health until reaching alcoholism, which has resulted in the effects on the relationships of social coexistence and family. The use of alcoholic beverages is more common in the male population than in the female population and their consumption begins from approximately twelve years of age. Hence, the objective of the work that is presented is to analyze the risk factors and risk behaviors that are associated with such consumption in high school students, as well as the need for training in the perception of risk that contributes to the assumption healthy lifestyles and the prevention of alcoholism, emphasizing the role of the teacher as a guide in the Health Education process. For this, the search for information in different bibliographic sources was used and an alternative is proposed for the prevention of the consumption of alcoholic beverages where they emphasize the relationships of coexistence that must be developed by the teachers with the students, the family and the community.
KEYWORDS: Prevention; alcohol; drugs; addiction; family; teachers; coexistence.
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DANĚK, ALOIS, EVA ŠOTOLOVÁ, and LUKÁŠ STÁREK. "THE EFFECT OF ALCOHOLISM ON THE DESTRUCTION OF RELATIONSHIP VALUES." AD ALTA: 14/01 14, no. 1 (June 30, 2024): 212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33543/j.1401.212216.
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The paper examines the impact of alcoholism on the values of family relationships and highlights the destructive consequences of alcohol abuse. The paper uses qualitative research methods and focuses on two distinct groups: middle-aged women from well-off families and children from children's homes who have experienced alcoholism from a family member. The paper reveals the pervasive consequences of parental alcohol abuse, such as low self-esteem, emotional instability and difficulties in establishing and maintaining healthy relationships. The findings highlight the urgent need for greater awareness and prevention efforts regarding the broader social and familial impacts of alcohol consumption. This research contributes to the understanding of relational dynamics in families affected by alcoholism.
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Mantilla López, Teresa Del Rosario, and Luis Alfredo Vera García. "EL ALCOHOLISMO Y LA VIOLENCIA INTRAFAMILIAR DE LOS INTERNOS EN LA FUNDACIÓN “NUEVOS SURCOS”." Revista Cognosis. ISSN 2588-0578 4, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/cognosis.v4i4.2229.
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El presente trabajo de investigación trata sobre el alcoholismo y la violencia intrafamiliar que existe en los adolescentes de la fundación "Nuevos Surcos” de la provincia de Manabí del cantón Portoviejo, con el objeto de conocer los efectos que el alcohol causa en la familia y sugerir formas de mantener una adecuada comunicación entre padres e hijos, tomando en cuenta que el alcohólico necesita ser liberado de su deseo imperioso de consumir requiriendo de un proceso de alejamiento con la sociedad y ser internado en una comunidad terapéutica, para desintoxicarse y mantener estabilidad física y emocional, sin que el organismo eche de menos la sustancia etílica y de esta manera poder decir que se ha obtenido el máximo beneficio que la fundación ofrece a través del Programa de A.A (Alcohólicos Anónimos), procedimientos médicos, psicológicos; lo que ayudará a mejorar la relación intrafamiliar. Se elige este tema porque es de interés social puesto que el alcohol es una droga líquida legal en nuestro medio, que llega a ser ingerida con normalidad en cualquier evento social, tornándose un conflicto cuando la persona que lo consume no tomo control de su conducta, cuando continua bebiendo a pesar de infringir de forma negativa sus principios, es entonces ahí donde se llega al convencimiento de que el alcoholismo es una enfermedad que no solo afecta al consumidor, sino a todo su entorno aniquilando a todas aquellas personas que se encuentran relacionadas con el paciente, específicamente su familia. Necesariamente se tendrá que analizar la dipsomanía desde los puntos de vista médicos, sociales, legales y religiosos para prevenir en los adolescentes vulnerables y poder crear conciencia en los consumidores sobre el daño físico, psicológico y social que presenta el consumo del alcohol.
PALABRAS CLAVE: comunicación; alcoholismo; familia.
THE ALCOHOLISM AND THE INTRAFAMILY VIOLENCE OF THE INTERNAL IN THE "NUEVOS SURCOS" FOUNDATION
ABSTRACT
The present research work deals with the alcoholism and intrafamily violence that exists in the adolescents of the foundation "Nuevos Surcos" of the province of Manabí of the canton Portoviejo, in order to know the effects that alcohol causes in the family and suggest ways to maintain adequate communication between parents and children, taking into account that the alcoholic needs to be freed from his or her desire to consume by requiring a process of distancing from society and being admitted to a therapeutic community, to detoxify and maintain physical stability and emotional, without the body missing the alcohol substance and thus be able to say that it has obtained the maximum benefit that the foundation offers through the AA Program (Alcoholics Anonymous), medical, psychological procedures, which will help improve the intra-family relationship. This topic is chosen because it is of social interest since alcohol is a legal liquid drug in our environment, which becomes normally ingested in any social event, becoming a conflict when the person who consumes it does not take control of their behavior, When he continues to drink despite infringing his principles in a negative way, it is then that he comes to the conviction that alcoholism is a disease that not only affects the consumer, but the whole environment annihilating all those people who are related to the patient, specifically his family. Necessarily, dipsomania will have to be analyzed from the medical, social, legal and religious points of view in order to prevent vulnerable adolescents and to create awareness among consumers about the physical, psychological and social damage that alcohol consumption presents.
KEYWORDS: communication; alcoholism; family.
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Filov, Izabela, Marija Raleva, Dimitrinka Jordanova Peshevska, Dinesh Sethi, Gordana Ristevska-Dimitrоvska, Kadri Hazdi Hamza, and Ana Poprizova. "Relationship between Child Maltreatment and Alcohol Abuse - Findings from Adverse Childhood Experience Study in Republic of Macedonia." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 2 (June 15, 2014): 390–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2014.067.
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OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between of the problem of alcohol abuse and child maltreatment. METHOD: The ACE study was administered by the University Clinic of Psychiatry, Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. The ACE study used a representative sample of students in year four of secondary school (aged 18 and above) and first- and second-year university students. The sample consisted of 664 secondary school students (258 males and 406 females.The university student sample consisted of 613 (343 female and 270 male) students from four universities. The data were obtaining by applying ACE Study Questionnaires.RESULTS: Individuals who experience psychological abuse are more prone to develop alcoholism. One of the most serious risk factors for abuse and neglect of children was alcoholism, as a form of household dysfunction. Overall, 13.4% of students lived with someone who misused alcohol. Overall, 10.7% lived with someone who was alcoholic. The association to each ACE was highest among respondents who grew up with two alcohol-abusing parents compared with persons with no alcohol-abusing parents. The health-risk behaviours of most concern included among the others alcohol use (by 82.2% of students). Alcohol use is widespread among students and its prevalence rate is almost 28% by both sexes, and they start drinking at the age of 14–15.CONCLUSION: Among the most frequent household dysfunctions was alcohol use by a family member and about 82% of respondents had ever used alcohol.
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Mączyńska, Anna. "Social Exclusion and Hatred Towards Children from Alcoholic Families in Peer Environment. Peculiarities of Pedagogical Support." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 11, no. 1 (March 31, 2024): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.11.1.111-118.
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The article emphasizes that the family is the main environment of life. If it is a dysfunctional family, all its problems can have a negative impact on the development and upbringing of children. Unfortunately, the key dysfunction in the case of Poland is alcoholism. Therefore, the study emphasizes that the situation of a child growing up in an alcoholic family depends on many factors related to the functioning of the family environment. The addiction of one or both parents, the degree of degradation of family life and the availability of external support are of particular importance here. All of this can lead to social exclusion and hatred of children growing up in families with alcohol problems by their peers. The author proves the need to help children growing up in problematic families, since they are characterized not only by social isolation, but also by bullying or cyberbullying. It is pointed out that the traumatic experience and suffering of such children often go beyond the family environment, where they experience academic failures, difficulties in relationships with peers, etc. The article notes that the consequences of various traumas in the educational or family environment experienced in childhood can have a long-lasting impact on their lives; some of these minors may also become addicted to alcohol, imitating their parents. Therefore, it is important for educators and social workers to develop appropriate strategies for effective psychological and pedagogical support of such families, in particular while raising children.
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Chartier, K. G., N. S. Thomas, and K. S. Kendler. "Interrelationship between family history of alcoholism and generational status in the prediction of alcohol dependence in US Hispanics." Psychological Medicine 47, no. 1 (September 29, 2016): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716002105.
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BackgroundBoth a family history of alcoholism and migration-related factors like US v. foreign nativity increase the risk for developing alcohol use disorders in Hispanic Americans. For this study, we integrated these two lines of research to test whether the relationship between familial alcoholism and alcohol dependence changes with successive generations in the United States.MethodData were from the waves 1 and 2 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). Subjects self-identified Hispanic ethnicity (N = 4122; n = 1784 first, n = 1169 second, and n = 1169 third or later generation) and reported ever consuming ⩾12 drinks in a 1-year period. A family history of alcoholism was assessed in first- and second-degree relatives. Analyses predicting the number of alcohol dependence symptoms were path models.ResultsAlcohol dependence symptoms were associated with a stronger family history of alcoholism and later generational status. There was a significant interaction effect between familial alcoholism and generational status; the relationship of familial alcoholism with alcohol dependence symptoms increased significantly with successive generations in the United States, more strongly in women than men. Acculturation partially mediated the interaction effect between familial alcoholism and generational status on alcohol dependence, although not in the expected direction.ConclusionsFamilial alcoholism interacted with generational status in predicting alcohol dependence symptoms in US Hispanic drinkers. This relationship suggests that heritability for alcoholism is influenced by a higher-order environmental factor, likely characterized by a relaxing of social restrictions on drinking.
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HajiAlizadeh, Kobra, and Roqiyeh Akbari. "The Relationship between Affective Family Functioning and Tendency to Consume Alcoholic Beverages." Academic Journal of Psychological Studies 5, no. 2 (April 4, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20286/ajps-0502196.
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Rodríguez, Marina. "Cognitive Functioning, Family History of Alcoholism, and Antisocial Behavior in Female Polydrug Abusers." Psychological Reports 73, no. 1 (August 1993): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.73.1.19.
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Family history of alcoholism and antisocial behaviour had both independent and synergic negative relationships with abstract verbal reasoning for a group of 42 female polydrug abusers whose main drug was heroin. This finding suggests that the observed lower cognitive performance may reflect the family history of alcoholism or antisocial behaviour rather than just drug abuse and is consistent with theories predicting a relative deficiency in high language skill by persons with antisocial personality disorders.
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Maier, W., D. Lichtermann, and J. Minges. "The relationship between alcoholism and unipolar depression—A controlled family study." Journal of Psychiatric Research 28, no. 3 (May 1994): 303–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(94)90013-2.
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Lee, Joo-Young, Jae-Sun An, and Kyung-Hyun Suh. "The Double Mediating Effect of Social Isolation and Emotional Support on Feelings of Entrapment and Motivation for Recovery among Korean Alcoholic Inpatients." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (April 28, 2021): 4710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094710.
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This study identified the relationship between feeling of entrapment and motivation for change among hospitalized alcoholic patients and examined the double mediating effect model of social isolation and emotional support on this relationship. The study participants were 101 male and female alcoholic patients hospitalized at C hospital, which specializes in alcohol treatment at I city in Korea. PROCESS Macro 3.5 Model 6 was used for analyses of double mediating effects. The results revealed that entrapment and social isolation were negatively correlated with motivation for recovery of alcoholic inpatients, whereas emotional support was positively correlated with it. In a sequential double mediation model for motivation to change in alcoholic inpatients, the direct effects of social isolation and entrapment were not significant. However, the sequential indirect effect of social isolation and emotional support on entrapment and motivation for recovery among alcoholic inpatients was significant. These results suggest that making alcoholic inpatients not feel socially isolated by providing them with emotional support or through other means of assistance by practitioners or family members is important for their recovery from alcohol use disorder.
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Pedoto, Joseph P., and Bruce W. Hartman. "Artistic Orientation as a Clinical Indicator of Chronic Career Indecision in Adult Children and Grandchildren of Alcoholics." Psychological Reports 71, no. 3 (December 1992): 971–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.3.971.
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This study has empirically assessed whether artistic orientation and avoidance are good predictors of chronic career indecision for college-attending adult children and grandchildren of alcoholics. The sample consisted of 143 freshman and sophomore introductory psychology students attending a county college in the northeast. Osipow's Career Decision Scale total scores of artistically oriented children and grandchildren of alcoholics were not significantly higher than scores of those who were not artistic. As predicted, the Career Decision Scale total scores of avoidant subjects were significantly higher than those of nonavoidant subjects. As expected in both instances, no differences were found between artistic subjects and nonartistic subjects or between the avoidant and nonavoidant subjects. The findings suggest (1) that the artistic career-undecided children of alcoholics observed by Schumrum and Hartman in 1988 were, in fact, members of a broader avoidant group and (2) that the relationship between career indecision and avoidant personality style does vary according to family status of whether subjects are adult children and grandchildren of alcoholics.
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Priest, Kathryn. "Adolescents' Response to Parents' Alcoholism." Social Casework 66, no. 9 (November 1985): 533–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104438948506600903.
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Reactions to an alcoholic father affect peer and family relationships and school work, which reflect an adolescent's fears, anger, grief, low self-esteem, and poor sex identification. The role of the mother and what happens when sobriety is achieved are discussed.
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Ige, Oluwatosin Sunday, and Bola Lukman Solanke. "Drivers of transactional sexual relationships among students in a Nigerian University: implications for elimination of reproductive rights violation." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 1 (December 26, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20205754.
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Background: The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and drivers of transactional sex in a Nigerian University.Methods: Data was collected through Mobile Data Collection platform (Google form). The dependent variable was transactional sex. The independent variables are self-reported household wealth group, gender, current age, marital status, age at sexual debut, family structure, consumption of alcohol, and use of psychoactive drugs. Two binary logistic regression models were fitted.Results: The prevalence of transactional sex was 23.85%. The odds of transactional sex were higher among females (OR=1.642, 95% CI: 1.499-1.799) and older students, but lower among undergraduates who were 18 years or older at the time of first intercourse (OR=0.842, 95% CI: 0.764-0.927). Results further revealed that while being from richest household wealth group (OR=0.587, 95% CI: 0.486-0.710) and being from a nuclear family structure (OR=0.446, 95% CI: 0.213-0.933) lowers the odds of transactional sex, the use of psychoactive drugs and alcoholic consumption increased the likelihood of transactional sex among undergraduates.Conclusions: The drivers of transactional sex in tertiary institutions in Nigeria are age, age at sexual debut, family structure, use of psychoactive drugs and alcoholic consumption. Promoting responsible sexual behaviour of undergraduates is imperative in the country.
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Kendler, K. S., M. C. Neale, C. A. Prescott, R. C. Kessler, A. C. Heath, L. A. Corey, and L. J. Eaves. "Childhood parental loss and alcoholism in women: a causal analysis using a twin-family design." Psychological Medicine 26, no. 1 (January 1996): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700033730.
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SynopsisChildhood parental loss may be an important risk factor for psychiatric illness in adulthood. While this association has been carefully examined for depression, little is known about the role of parental loss in predisposing to alcoholism. We examined an epidemiological sample of female twin pairs with the same history of continuity or disruption in parent–child relationships (N = 1018 pairs; mean age 30 years), using a range of definitions of alcoholism. Childhood parental loss through separation, but not death, substantially increased the risk in adulthood for all definitions of alcoholism. Furthermore, both paternal and maternal alcoholism substantially increased the probability of parental separation from their children. Proposing a structural equation twin-family model that incorporates childhood parental loss as a specified environmental risk factor, we examined how much of the association between childhood parental loss and alcoholism was causal (i.e. mediated by environmental factors) v. non-causal (mediated by genetic factors, with parental loss serving as an index of parental genetic susceptibility to alcoholism). Both the causal and non-causal paths were significant for all definitions of alcoholism. However, the causal–environmental pathway consistently accounted for most of the association. While a significant proportion of the association is due to non-causal genetic mechanisms, childhood parental loss (or the familial discord that precedes or follows it) is probably a direct and significant environmental risk factor for the development of alcoholism in women.
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Palacios, J., F. D'La Mora, and M. Rubio. "Microwave heating profiles and property-structure relationships in a family of alcohols." Journal of Materials Science Letters 15, no. 19 (1996): 1730–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00636209.
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Bland, Roger, and Helene Orn. "Family Violence and Psychiatric Disorder." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 2 (March 1986): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378603100210.
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The relationship between family violence and psychiatric disorders was examined using standardized diagnostic interviews of 1200 randomly selected residents of a large Canadian city. The results showed that higher than expected proportions of those exhibiting violent behavior had a psychiatric diagnosis and the rate of violent behaviors in those with diagnoses (54.4%) significantly (p < .0001) exceeds the rate in the remainder of the sample (15.5%). Particularly high rates of violence are found in those where alcoholism is combined with antisocial personality disorder and/or recurrent depression (80–93%). Also at high risk for violence are those who have made suicide attempts (over 50%) and those who have been arrested for non-traffic offences (two-thirds). These data suggest that psychiatric disorders have a strong relationship to violent behavior, and are not in agreement with the predominantly sociological explanations of family violence.
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Vogelsang, Eric M., and Joseph T. Lariscy. "Let’s Drink to Being Socially Active: Family Characteristics, Social Participation, and Alcohol Abuse across Mid- and Later-life." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 61, no. 4 (October 13, 2020): 453–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022146520962456.
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Researchers and practitioners often extol the health benefits of social relationships and social participation for older adults. Yet they often ignore how these same bonds and activities may contribute to negative health behaviors. Using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (16,065 observations from 7,007 respondents), we examined how family characteristics, family history, and social participation predicted three measures of alcohol abuse between ages 53 and 71. Results indicate that, generally, greater social participation is associated with increased drinking days per month. We also found that religious participation and having ever lived with an alcoholic are each associated with reporting possible alcohol dependence but not with alcohol consumption itself. Lastly, we identified gendered associations between marital dissolution and drinking behavior. These findings contextualize the increasing rates of alcohol abuse among older adults by emphasizing the possible negative consequences of “linked lives” on health via relationship stress and group norms.
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Drake, A. I., N. Butters, P. K. Shear, T. L. Smith, M. Bondi, M. Irwin, and M. A. Schuckit. "Cognitive recovery with abstinence and its relationship to family history for alcoholism." Journal of Studies on Alcohol 56, no. 1 (January 1995): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1995.56.104.
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Clair, David J., and Myles Genest. "The children of alcoholics screening test: Reliability and relationship to family environment, adjustment, and alcohol-related stressors of adolescent offspring of alcoholics." Journal of Clinical Psychology 48, no. 3 (May 1992): 414–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199205)48:3<414::aid-jclp2270480321>3.0.co;2-n.
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Wiesbeck, GA, N. Wodarz, C. Mauerer, J. Thome, F. Jakob, and J. Boening. "Sensation seeking, alcoholism and dopamine activity." European Psychiatry 11, no. 2 (1996): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-9338(96)84785-7.
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SummarySensation seeking scale (SSS) scores were determined in 15 alcohol dependent men with a positive family history for alcoholism (FHP), in 15 alcohol dependent men with a negative family history for alcoholism (FHN) and in 15 well-matched healthy male controls (CONTR). Both FHPs and FHNs suffered from longlasting alcohol dependence meeting ICD-10 and DSM-III-R diagnostic criteria. Dopamine activity was neuroendocrinologically assessed by measuring the amount of growth hormone released after stimulation with the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine. Planned comparisons within a one-way ANOVA yielded significantly elevated levels of boredom susceptibility (BOS) in both FHPs and FHNs against CONTRs. SSS total scores, while approaching statistical significance, were elevated in FHPs only. Partial correlations (controlling for age, body weight, alcohol intake and duration of dependence) were calculated to examine the relationship between SSS and dopamine activity. Among the SSS subtraits, BOS revealed the highest correlation in each group. However, only in CONTRs did the relationship between BOS and dopamine activity reach statistical significance.
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Fischer, Kathy E., Mark Kittleson, Roberta Ogletree, Kathleen Welshimer, Paula Woehlke, and John Benshoff. "The Relationship of Parental Alcoholism and Family Dysfunction to Stress Among College Students." Journal of American College Health 48, no. 4 (January 2000): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448480009595690.
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Campbell, James L., Mark A. Masters, and Mark E. Johnson. "Relationship of Parental Alcoholism to Family-of-Origin Functioning and Current Marital Satisfaction." Journal of Addictions & Offender Counseling 19, no. 1 (October 1998): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1874.1998.tb00131.x.
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Dinning, W. David, and Leo A. Berk. "The children of alcoholics screening test: Relationship to sex, family environment, and social adjustment in adolescents." Journal of Clinical Psychology 45, no. 2 (March 1989): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(198903)45:2<335::aid-jclp2270450224>3.0.co;2-y.
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