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Journal articles on the topic 'Alexander Lowen'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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1

Lecomte, Diane, and Yves Lecomte. "Entretien avec Alexander Lowen." Santé mentale au Québec 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2006): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/030014ar.

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2

Good, Glenn E., and Fredric E. Rabinowitz. "Alexander Lowen: An Energetic Man." Journal of Counseling & Development 71, no. 1 (September 10, 1992): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1992.tb02161.x.

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3

Tonella, Guy, Helen Resneck-Sannes, Bob Lewis, Vivian Guze, Heiner Steckel, Alice Ladas, George Downing, Bob Hilton, Eleanor Greenlee, and Phil M. Helfaer. "Memorial Notes about Alexander Lowen." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 20, no. 1 (March 2010): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2010-20-9.

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4

Miller, John Andrew. "Alexander Lowen (1910–2008): reflections on his life." Body, Movement and Dance in Psychotherapy 5, no. 2 (August 2010): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17432979.2010.494854.

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5

De Clerck, Violaine. "Dal corpo gogna al corpo campione Saggio sul contributo dell'analisi bioenergetica alle questioni amorose in generale e alle specifiche problematiche di oggi." GROUNDING, no. 1 (November 2009): 15–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/gro2009-001003.

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- The author examines the actual tendency of the body "sample" or "model" as a variation of the "sexual sophistication" as it has been described by Alexander Lowen in Love and Orgasm. The modern "sexual liberation" hides only the persisting problems of the Oedipus complex in our culture, the same problems as already analyzed by Sigmund Freud. The author describes the contribution of Wilhelm Reich and Alexander Lowen to these main themes, mainly their deepening of the sexual problems from a body perspective. Finally, she criticizes the widespread "false intimacy" of parents with their children.
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6

M.Helfaer, Philip. "Book Review of: Lowen, A. (2004) (Ed. Glazer, R.). Honoring the Body, The Autobiography of Alexander Lowen." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 15, no. 1 (April 2005): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2005-15-133.

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7

Lowen, Alexander. "Al Lowen riflette sugli aspetti teorici dell'analisi bioenergetica e sulla sua esperienza negli ultimi quarant'anni." GROUNDING, no. 2 (July 2009): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/gro2008-002003.

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- Alexander Lowen recounts his meeting with Reich, its therapeutic experience with him and the reasons that led him to decide to continue the work of his teacher developing the bioenergetic analysis. As in his costume, biographical and theoretical elements are closely related.Key words: Wilhelm Reich, body, vegetoteraphy, bioenergetic analysisParole chiave: Wilhelm Reich, corpo, vegetoterapia, analisi bioenergetica
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8

Fréchette, Louise. "Basic principles, Fundamental Concepts and Values in Bioenergetic Analysis." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 32, no. 1 (March 2022): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2022-32-43.

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The original basic principles, fundamental concepts and values laid out by Wilhelm Reich and Alexander Lowen constitute, to this day, a solid basis upon which we continue to build and expand the theoretical corpus as well as the clinical practices of today’s Bioenergetic Analysis.
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9

Dranseikienė, Daiva. "Depresija endobiogeniniu aspektu arba kaip augaliniais preparatais suderinti stygas." Lithuanian General Practitioner 24, no. 9 (November 23, 2020): 648–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37499/lbpg.599.

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Psichoterapeutas Alexander Lowen žmogų palygino su smuiku. Kai stygos tinkamai suderintos, jos vibruoja ir skleidžia garsus. Tada galima pagroti linksmą arba liūdną melodiją, laidotuvių giesmę arba odę džiaugsmui. Jei stygos suderintos netinkamai ir neįtemptos, išgausime tik kakofoniją. Instrumentas bus tarsi negyvas ir nereaguos. Tokia yra depresyvaus žmogaus būsena: jis nepajėgia reaguoti, tinkamai adaptuotis prie esamos situacijos.
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10

Helfaer, Philip M., Leslie Case, John Conger, Margit Koemeda, and Vincentia Schroeter. "Visão dos Bastidores." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 25, no. 1-pt (June 2015): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2015-25-pt-11.

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Como se pode ler nesses relatos dos editores, o panorama mudou na comunidade durante trinta anos e com isto, o aspecto da revista ao longo do tempo. Continuamos abertos a progressos que estão por vir e reflexões modernas na forma de artigos, contanto que estejam fundamentados nas teorias e práticas da Análise Bioenergética, como na proposta original de nosso estimado fundador, Alexander Lowen.
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11

Ventling, Christa D. "Lowen’s Energy Concept." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 23, no. 1 (February 2013): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2013-23-101.

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Alexander Lowen, founder of bioenergetic psychotherapy, placed great emphasis on working with the body. By this he understood various forms, ranging from the more gymnastic types of exercises to those involving stress positions, making a person get to sometimes physically feeling an earlier traumatic experience and thus reaching new insights. Lowen called the process, «energy through exercise”. His concept is, however, confusing, as exercising in whichever form requires energy and does not synthesize energy – unless one assumes the creation or existence of a form unknown. The reflective outline below tries to clarify this by searching the literature and concludes that the synthesis of specific neurohormones could be responsible for creating that special feeling of elation experienced by the person involved in such an exercise.
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12

Glazer, Robert, and Harris Friedman. "Re-embodying the mind and re-minding the body: In memoriam to Alexander Lowen." Humanistic Psychologist 38, no. 2 (2010): 196–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08873267.2010.485911.

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13

Hilton, Virginia Wink. "Reich, Lowen and the IIBA: facing the challange of a conflict-ridden world." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 16, no. 1 (March 2006): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2006-16-9.

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This paper addresses the double emphases of the 2005 International Conference: the theme of »Human Nature and Conflict Resolution« and the 50th anniversary of the IIBA. The author summarizes the lives and the contributions of Wilhelm Reich and Alexander Lowen in light of the theme, and as prelude to the development of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis. Particular attention is given to the major conflicts, both personal and socio-cultural, that arose in the lives of these men, and their differing responses to them. The question is addressed: What can we glean from our history that may give us inspiration, and a realistic sense of direction for contributing to healing and to change in these conflict-ridden times?
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14

Filoni, Rosaria. "Modesty versus Shame." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 29, no. 1 (April 2019): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2019-29-11.

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The author addresses the subject of modesty, firstly by referring to an article by Alexander Lowen (IIBA Newsletter, 1994), and then an article by Umberto Galimberti, a philosopher and Jungian analyst. Lowen speaks of modesty as «natural pride”, as the expression of the degree of self-perception and self-esteem of the person. It denotes the individual’s ability to contain their feelings and therefore indicates their ability to hold a strong sexual charge. For Galimberti, the human being – who has both a body and individuality – «modesty” expresses the contrasting dialectic between the ego and their animal condition, the two dimensions that intimately constitute the person and tear him or her apart. Each dimension, in fact, hosts two subjectivities. One subjectivity that says «I”, with which we usually identify ourselves, and the other that establishes us as «officials of the species” ensuring its continuity. According to Galimberti, modesty does not limit sexuality but identifies it. The author then reflects on the social and historical aspects of modesty in Italy over the last 50 years.
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15

Filoni, Rosaria. "Zurückhaltung versus Scham." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 29, no. 2 (April 2019): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2019-29-de-11.

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Die Autorin widmet sich dem Thema Zurückhaltung, indem sie zunächst auf einen Artikel von Alexander Lowen (IIBA Newsletter, 1994) und anschließend auf einen Artikel des Philosophen und Jungschen Analytikers Umberto Galimberti eingeht. Lowen spricht von Zurückhaltung als »natürlichem Stolz« (»natural pride«), als dem Ausdruck für das Maß an Selbstwahrnehmung und Selbstwertgefühl einer Person. Dieser natürliche Stolz verrät die Fähigkeit des Individuums, seine Gefühle zu beherrschen, und liefert damit einen Hinweis auf seine Befähigung, auch eine starke sexuelle Ladung zu halten. Für Galimberti drückt derMensch, der Körper und Individualität besitzt, mit dem Begriff Zurückhaltung (»modesty«) die Dialektik zwischen dem Ego desMenschen und seiner animalischen Seite aus, den beiden Dimensionen, die als wesentliche Bestandteile die Person ausmachen und sie zugleich zerreißen. In jeder dieser Dimensionen wirken zwei Subjektivitäten: eine, die »Ich« sagt und mit der wir uns gewöhnlich identifizieren, und eine andere, die uns als »Vertreter unserer Spezies« versteht, deren Fortbestand sie sichern. Galimberti zufolge schränkt Zurückhaltung Sexualität nicht ein, sondern personalisiert sie. Anschließend reflektiert die Autorin soziale und historische Aspekte von Zurückhaltung im Italien der letzten 50 Jahre.
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16

Helferich, Christoph. "L'ereditŕ romantica nella psicoterapia corporea." GROUNDING, no. 1 (November 2010): 113–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/gro2010-001012.

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Il saggio parte dalla tensione dialettica tra individuo e mondo nel Romanticismo, tensione accentuata dal grande ruolo attribuito alla dimensione sentimentale nella letteratura di questo periodo. In maniera paragonabile, all'interno dell'incontro terapeutico si ripropone la stessa ricerca di una mediazione tra il paziente e il suo mondo circostante, con la stessa attenzione alla dimensione emozionale della persona. In questo contesto, la psicoterapia corporea, rappresentata qui dalla persona e dall'opera di Alexander Lowen, appare come erede moderno dell'originario impulso romantico di "essere a casa" nel mondo. L'appendice indaga sulla tematica del cuore umano come centro della persona nella letteratura romantica e nell'ingegneria medica di oggi.
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17

McCarthy, Dennis. "Helping Children Discharge Negative Aggression." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 19, no. 1 (March 2009): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2009-19-85.

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This article examines the need for children in treatment to be able to discharge negative aggression and describes various means of helping them do so. Through case material and anecdote I focus on the capacity for dynamic play therapy to facilitate pulsation, obvious in the child’s play configurations and their bodies in movement. Every child I work with engages in the expression of negative aggression to some extent and this aggression is often in and of itself a significant component in solving the myriad problems they bring with them. This text is largely influenced by the work of Dr. Alexander Lowen as well as the thousands of children I have worked with.
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18

Cockburn, Garry. "An Object Relations Perspective on Bioenergetics and Pre-Oedipal Transferences." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 22, no. 1 (March 2012): 29–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2012-22-29.

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Alexander Lowen’s views on oedipal transference were formed within the intellectual framework of Freudian and Reichian drive theory and ego psychology. Lowen did not favor analytic work with transference and believed that countertransference indicated that the therapy was «faulted”. This article critically examines his classical approach and offers a re-examination of pre-oedipal transference phenomena in a way that both honors Lowen’s unique insights into the transformative power of Bioenergetic Analysis, and at the same time offers a Kleinian/Bionian object relations understanding of pre-oedipal transference that can be incorporated into modern Bioenergetic Analysis. An extended case example illustrates the effective integration of object relations theory and bioenergetic practice. The concluding discussion provides a rationale for introducing an object relations approach into Bioenergetic Analysis.
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19

Resneck-Sannes, Helen. "Neuroscience, Attachment and Love." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 22, no. 1 (March 2012): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2012-22-9.

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Findings from the neuroscientific research with its emphasis on attachment are presented. The focus of this research is primarily on the body in the brain and there is little interest or discussion of what goes on below the head. This neuroscientific view of attachment is contrasted with the attachment theories of Harry Harlow and Alexander Lowen, both based on the relationship between the mother and infant’s bodies. Other forms of somatic therapies are compared with bioenergetics, pointing out a few of the ideas they have borrowed from the theory and practice of bioenergetics, but have not truly understood. Finally, I present a model of psychotherapeutic change based on the therapist’s responses being shaped by the early attachment needs of the client, which reflect the underpinnings of love.
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20

Allard, James L. "What Has Changed for Clients of the Bioenergetics Approach to Therapy in the Realm of Their Relationship with God?" Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 21, no. 1 (April 2011): 57–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2011-21-57.

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This article is an abridgement of a 112-page doctoral phenomenological research paper bearing the same title. The research was based on five case studies and answers the questions of whether and how Bioenergetics therapy influences one’s relationship with God. Using John Conger’s Jung and Reich, Jung’s Modern Man in Search of a Soul, Alexander Lowen’s The Spirituality of the Body and many other of their writings, it systematically compares the participants’ testimonies to the literature concerning grounding, selfhood, relationship, love and faith. It also answers the question of who or what God is in parallel to what Jung, Reich and Lowen have written on the subject and explores the topic of the discovery of God through a connection with the body.
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21

Heinrich, Thomas. "Yawning." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 24, no. 1 (March 2014): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2014-24-63.

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Alexander Lowen emphasized the importance of changes in the body as a main goal of a body oriented psychotherapy. He focused especially on breathing and vibrating as involuntary movements and keys of changing and supporting a person’s grounding. Although yawning as another involuntary movement that shows a lot of changes on a body level, it is not in the center of Bioenergetic work yet. In my practice, yawning became an important and welcomed sign of therapeutic process and development which helps guide me through Bioenergetic sessions. The article will give some information about the current scientific findings and neurobiological aspects of yawning. A little study according to a simple yawning exercise gives data of self-experience of participants. Following phenomenological methods, new hypotheses of the reason and the purpose of yawning are presented. Some therapeutic implications, such as how the yawning of the client and of the therapist can be used in the process of a body-oriented psychotherapy, conclude the paper.
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22

Sandle, Rod. "Extending What We Can Talk About." Ata: Journal of Psychotherapy Aotearoa New Zealand 20, no. 1 (October 31, 2016): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.9791/ajpanz.2016.05.

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Spirit has often been separated from body and mind and treated as not amenable to scientific study. A big influence in this regard was Ludwig Wittgenstein who, in 1922, came to the conclusion that the language of science was not able to talk about the mystical, saying, “There is indeed the inexpressible. This shows itself; it is the mystical” (p. 90). With the development of the science of the human mind and human relationships, spirit is perhaps becoming more amenable again to study. Alexander Lowen (1988) brought the concept of “spirit” under scientific and therapeutic observation through the concept of bio-energy, working with the body as well as the mind. Donald Winnicott (1953, 1960), through the idea of transitional phenomena, placed the language of the mystical in a psychodynamic and scientific context. Alan Schore (2012) has provided a neurophysiological way of talking about how the unconscious process contributes to human development through relationship. Patanjali’s Yogasutra, compiled 2,000 years ago, covers similar ground in a way which remains useful and relevant and which helps in understanding the distinction between mind and body and spirit. Waitara Tēnā ia anei i te nuinga o te wā wehea ai te wairua mai i te tinana me te hinengaro, ā, meatia ai kāre e whaiwāhi hai kuapapa mātai hinengaro. I te tau 1922, ka puta te whakataunga a Ludwig Wittgenstein kāre e taea e te reo pūtaiao te kōrero mō te tūāhu, arā, ko tāna, ‘Āe ra hoki! Kāre he kupu hai whakaahua. Koianei tōna tohu atua’ (w. 90). Kua whaneke ake nei te taiao o te hinengaro me te whakawhanaungatanga, kua rata haere pea te wā wānanga wairua. Nā Alexander Lowen (1998) i mau te ariā ‘wairua’ ki raro i te tirohanga mātai hinengaro mātai haumanu mā te ariā pūngao koiora, mahiatahitia nei te tinana me te hinengaro. Nā Donald Winnicott (1953, 1960), i whakauru te reo ā-wairua ki roto i te horopaki mātauranga pūtaiao, whakahihiko hinengaro. Kua homai e Alan Schore he ara kōrerohanga mātai whaiaroaro mō te hatepenga mauri moe ki te whanaketanga o te tangata puta mai i te whakawhanaungatanga. He rite tonu te papa pōtaea e tā Patanjali Yogasutra, i whakaemihia rua mano tau ki muri, ā, e hāngai tonu ana e whai hua tonu ana hoki me te āwhina i te mātauranga whai haere i te rangatiratanga o te hinengaro te tinana me te wairua.
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23

Pereira, Lucia Helena Pena. "Corpo e psique: da dissociação à unificação - algumas implicações na prática pedagógica." Educação e Pesquisa 34, no. 1 (April 2008): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-97022008000100011.

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Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a unicidade corpo/psique e os bloqueios de expressão pessoal, provenientes da dissociação dessas dimensões, que dificultam as atividades profissionais e a própria vida. A formação do professor exige mais que a aquisição de conteúdos e técnicas de ensino. Transformações mais profundas na prática pedagógica implicam uma mudança de atitude dos educadores, uma nova postura diante da vida e da educação, não apenas uma mudança cognitiva com a aquisição de conhecimentos, mas também mudanças emocional, corporal e espiritual, uma aprendizagem da integração das várias dimensões do ser humano. É necessário saber como superar ou minimizar bloqueios que a vida exigiu como proteção como nos mostram os estudos de Wilhelm Reich e alguns de seus continuadores - Alexander Lowen, Stanley Keleman e David Boadella -, que dão fundamentação teórica a esta pesquisa. É preciso saber como criar possibilidades de transformar padrões que são adquiridos pela formação acadêmica e que acabam por se cristalizar como evidenciam estudos pedagógicos aqui considerados. Uma das formas viáveis para tal são as atividades expressivas, dentre elas as atividades lúdicas e de arte-educação. As relações se constituem no ambiente social, o processo de crescimento se dá no contato com o outro, na percepção das diferenças, na aceitação da multiplicidade de pensamentos, na avaliação de seu próprio fazer. As teorias aqui consideradas são significativas para os estudos na área da Educação na medida em que apontam possibilidades de um novo olhar para a prática de sala de aula e as relações que nela se estabelecem.
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24

Bruckner, Éva. "Alexander Béla (1857-1916), a magyar radiológia „nagy embere” emlékezete halála 105. évfordulóján." Kaleidoscope history 11, no. 22 (2021): 343–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17107/kh.2021.22.343-362.

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Béla Alexander, born in the historical Upper Hungary (Slovakia today) dedicated his whole life to X-rays discovered by Conrad Röntgen. After medical school graduation, he was known as a poet and a community activist as well. For more than ten years he was treating indigent people in Késmárk (Kežmarok today) in the daylight time and experimented with X-rays during the nights. Although Alexander gained an international reputation for his X-ray images and studies, made and written about upper and lower limbs’ bones, the scientific value of his stereoscopic X-rays was argued in Hungarian academic circles. Due to his successful struggles, Alexander moved up the career ladder in the capital Budapest from 1907. Milestones of his career: director of the X-ray lab between 1906 and 1907, then the director of the University Institute for X-rays between 1907 and 1916, which was established on his former X-ray lab.) After his death caused by X-rays, directors of the Institute continued Alexander’s work between the two World Wars.
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Ramadhania, Ratu Safitri, Ribkha Itha Idhayanti, and Arum Lusiana. "Alexander Technique To Reduce Lower Back Pain In 3rd Trimester of Pregnancy." Midwifery and Nursing Research 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/manr.v2i1.5606.

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Background : Studies back pain due to pregnancy 25-90%, was estimated 50% of pregnant women experience back pain. As many as 80% of pregnant women said that back pain during pregnancy interfere with daily routines and 10% unable to work. The Alexander Technique exercises 65-72% effective in reducing back pain. Learning the Alexander technique have an impact on long-term reductions significantly to lower back pain. Research to determine the effectiveness of the Alexander Technique to the level of lower back pain in the third trimester pregnant mothers.Method : pre-experimental research with one group pretest posttest design. Population this study the third trimester pregnant women who experience lower back pain amounting to 31 people in Selopampang public health center Temanggung district. Collecting data used a pain scale observation sheet NRS (Numerical Rating Scale). Analyze data used Wilcoxon test.Result : research showed the Z value of -3.859. It showed that the Alexander technique is effective in reducing low back pain that is felt as much as 3x with Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000, which means there is a difference low back pain before and after alexander technique intervention.Conclusion : the Alexander Technique could be an alternative to reduce lower back pain in 3rd trimester of pregnancy
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BENEDETTI, R., and R. FRIGERIO. "ALEXANDER QUANDLE LOWER BOUNDS FOR LINK GENERA." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 21, no. 08 (May 10, 2012): 1250076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216512500769.

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Every finite field 𝔽q, q = pn, carries several Alexander quandle structures 𝕏 = (𝔽q, *). We denote by [Formula: see text] the family of these quandles, where p and n vary respectively among the odd primes and the positive integers. For every k-component oriented link L, every partition [Formula: see text] of L into [Formula: see text] sublinks, and every labeling [Formula: see text] of such a partition, the number of 𝕏-colorings of any diagram of [Formula: see text] is a well-defined invariant of [Formula: see text], of the form [Formula: see text] for some natural number [Formula: see text]. Letting 𝕏 and [Formula: see text] vary respectively in [Formula: see text] and among the labelings of [Formula: see text], we define the derived invariant [Formula: see text]. If [Formula: see text] is such that [Formula: see text], we show that [Formula: see text], where t(L) is the tunnel number of L, generalizing a result by Ishii. If [Formula: see text] is a "boundary partition" of L and [Formula: see text] denotes the infimum among the sums of the genera of a system of disjoint Seifert surfaces for the Lj's, then we show that [Formula: see text]. We point out further properties of [Formula: see text], mostly in the case of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. By elaborating on a suitable version of a result by Inoue, we show that when L = K is a knot then [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the breadth of the Alexander polynomial of K. However, for every g ≥ 1 we exhibit examples of genus-g knots having the same Alexander polynomial but different quandle invariants [Formula: see text]. Moreover, in such examples [Formula: see text] provides sharp lower bounds for the genera of the knots. On the other hand, we show that [Formula: see text] can give better lower bounds on the genus than [Formula: see text], when L has k ≥ 2 components. We show that in order to compute [Formula: see text] it is enough to consider only colorings with respect to the constant labeling [Formula: see text]. In the case when L = K is a knot, if either [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] provides a sharp lower bound for the knot genus, or if [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] can be realized by means of the proper subfamily of quandles {𝕏 = (𝔽p, *)}, where p varies among the odd primes.
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27

Frederick, Phil, and James E. Barrick. "A new species of Idiognathoides (conodont) in the Lower Pennsylvanian Ladrones Limestone of the Alexander terrane, southeast Alaska, and its paleogeographic significance." Micropaleontology 64, no. 4 (2018): 269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47894/mpal.64.4.02.

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The Peratrovich Formation and overlying Ladrones Limestone in the Craig C4 quadrangle of the Prince of Wales Island, Alaska, record the accumulation of Carboniferous carbonates behind the remnants of a Late Devonian volcanic arc in the Alexander terrane. The occurrences of declinognathodid elements in the lower Ladrones Limestone suggest the possibility of a conformable Mississippian-Pennsylvanian boundary near the base of the Ladrones Limestone. The recovery of the Early Pennsylvanian conodont Idiognathoides chaagulootus n. sp. in the lower part of the Ladrones Limestone helps to constrain current models of the paleogeographic position of the Alexander terrane during the Carboniferous because of its limited occurrence within the Uralian Seaway. The presence of Id. chaagulootus n. sp. in the Alexander terrane, the Brooks Range of Alaska, and Novaya Zemlya indicates a species level biogeographic connection between these regions that shows that the Alexander terrane remained in the Uralian Seaway until at least the Middle Pennsylvanian.
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28

Bogin, Alexander N., Stephen D. Bruestle, and William M. Doerner. "Correction to: How Low Can House Prices Go? Estimating a Conservative Lower Bound." Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics 62, no. 1 (November 26, 2019): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11146-019-09728-6.

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The article How Low Can House Prices Go? Estimating a Conservative Lower Bound, written by Alexander N. Bogin, Stephen D. Bruestle, and William M. Doerner, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on November 2015 without open access.
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29

Friedl, Stefan, and Taehee Kim. "Twisted Alexander norms give lower bounds on the Thurston norm." Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 360, no. 09 (April 24, 2008): 4597–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9947-08-04455-3.

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30

Беляев, Л. А., П. Л. Зыков, О. М. Иоаннисян, and А. В. Сиренов. "The Burial of Alexander Nevsky in Vladimir: the Archaeology of the Veneration." Istoricheskii vestnik, no. 35(2021) (March 27, 2021): 76–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.35549/hr.2021.2021.35.004.

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В статье публикуются материалы по истории некрополя при главном храме монастыря Рождества Богородицы во Владимире, где в 1263 г. был погребен князь Александр Ярославич Невский. Основная часть сведений получена в 1997–2000 гг. при раскопках остатков собора (снесен в 1930 г.). Это белокаменные саркофаги и могилы, а также остатки самого собора, построенного в 1198 г. из белого камня, и его галереи, целиком перестроенной из кирпича в XVII в. В кладке галереи была обнаружена ниша с нижней частью саркофага, возможно, служившей одной из реликвий князя после переноса его мощей в Санкт-Петербург (1722–1724). Традиционные источники, рассказывающие о судьбе погребения князя Александра в XIV—XVIII вв., рассматриваются в свете археологических данных и новых архивных документов и фотографий (в том числе - о каменных гробах, найденных при сносе собора в 1930 г.). Materials on the history of the necropolis near the principal church of the monastery of Nativity of Blessed Virgin where Prince Alexander Nevsky was buried in 1263 are published in the article. The main part of information was obtained during the excavation of the church remnants (excavations were performed in 1997-2000). The church was demolished in 1930. Archeologists discovered sarcophagi and tombs made of white stone and remnants of the very church built in 1198 of white stone and of its gallery that was rebuilt completely of bricks in the 17th century. A niche was discovered in the brickwork and contained a lower part of a sarcophagus. That served (probably) as a relic of Alexander upon his remnants transfer to Saint-Petersburg. Traditional sources telling the fate of Prince Alexander's internment are considered in light of archeological data and new archive documents and photos including photos of stone sarcophagi found during the demolition of the church in 1930.
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31

Iwakiri, Masahide. "Unknotting numbers for handlebody-knots and Alexander quandle colorings." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 24, no. 14 (December 2015): 1550059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216515500595.

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A crossing change of a handlebody-knot is that of a spatial graph representing it. We see that any handlebody-knot can be deformed into trivial one by some crossing changes. So we define the unknotting numbers for handlebody-knots. In the case classical knots, which are considered as genus one handlebody-knots, Clark, Elhamdadi, Saito and Yeatman gave lower bounds of the Nakanishi indices by the numbers of some finite Alexander quandle colorings, and hence they also gave lower bounds of the unknotting numbers. In this paper, we give lower bounds of the unknotting numbers for handlebody-knots with any genus by the numbers of some finite Alexander quandle colorings of type at most [Formula: see text].
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32

Friedl, Stefan. "Novikov homology and non-commutative Alexander polynomials." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 26, no. 02 (February 2017): 1740013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216517400132.

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In the early 2000's Cochran and Harvey introduced non-commutative Alexander polynomials for 3-manifolds. Their degrees give strong lower bounds on the Thurston norm. In this paper, we make the case that the vanishing of a certain Novikov–Sikorav homology module is the correct notion of a monic non-commutative Alexander polynomial. Furthermore we will use the opportunity to give new proofs of several statements about Novikov–Sikorav homology in the three-dimensional context.
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33

Tenório, Micaely Cristina dos Santos, Carolina Santos Mello, Juliana Célia de Farias Santos, and Alane Cabral Menezes de Oliveira. "Comparison of adequacy of birth weight for gestational age according to different intrauterine growth curves." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 19, no. 4 (December 2019): 935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042019000400011.

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Abstract Objectives: to compare the assessment of the adequacy of birth weight for gestational age according to different intrauterine growth curves. Methods: across-sectional study, which analyzed gestational and neonatal information from 344 mother-newborn binomials. Birth weight data were analyzed using the International Fetal and New Born Growth Consortium for the 21st Century (INTERGROWTH-21st) and compared with the growth curves proposed by Alexander et al. and Fenton & Kim. Newborns were classified as small for gestational age (SGA), suitablefor gestational age (SUGA) or large for gestational age (LGA). Results: among the newborns, 51.2% were male, and 93.0% were born at term. Higher prevalence of SUGA and LGA and lower SGA was found by the INTERGROWTH-21st curves when compared to the references of Fenton & Kim and Alexander et al. Moderate agreement was observed in detecting birth weight by different growth curves. Conclusions: there was a lower detection of SGA infants and a higher screening, especially of LGA infants, in the INTERGROWTH-21st evaluation, when compared to the growth curves of Fenton & Kim and Alexander et al.
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34

Norford, B. S., and M. G. Mihalynuk. "Evidence of the Pacific Faunal Province in the northern Alexander Terrane, recognition of two Middle Ordovician graptolite zones in northwestern British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 31, no. 9 (September 1, 1994): 1389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e94-122.

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The Middle Ordovician Pseudoclimacograptus decoratus Zone (Llanvirn) and Climacograptus bicornis Zone (early Caradoc) of the Pacific Faunal Province are documented from the Tatshenshini River map area in the northern Alexander Terrane. Graptolites were collected from three separate localities of uncertain stratigraphic position within the informal unit 1Pza. The ages of the collections are critical to dating the stratigraphic succession of the Lower Paleozoic rocks within the highly deformed terrane.Regionally, unit 1Pza can be correlated with the Descon Formation of Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska, which also forms part of the Alexander Terrane. The original position of the Alexander Terrane is uncertain, but there are broad similarities between the Paleozoic stratigraphic package of the terrane and those of the Sierra Nevada of the western United States, southeastern Australia, and eastern Siberia.
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35

Soja, Constance M. "Lower Devonian platform carbonates from Kasaan Island, southeastern Alaska, Alexander Terrane." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 25, no. 5 (May 1, 1988): 639–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e88-062.

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Facies representing shallow subtidal conditions, an open lagoon or shelf, offshore biostromal banks, and a restricted lagoon or shelf form the Lower Devonian (Emsian) sequence of rocks exposed on Kasaan Island in southeastern Alaska. This complex of carbonate environments developed in an island arc, which is now preserved within the accretionary Alexander Terrane. The lower part of the platform sequence represents the restricted shallow subtidal zone and consists of rhyolitic tuffs and lime mud-stones and wackestones containing low-diversity assemblages of leperditiid ostracodes and loxonematid-like gastropods. Following the end of volcanic activity, dendritic corals and branching stromatoporoids colonized the outer, deeper portions of the subtidal zone. Higher in the sequence, boundstones consisting of massive stromatoporoids are associated with brachiopod packstones that together represent the growth of biostromal colonies at the seaward edge of the platform and the diversification of normal marine biota within a lagoon or shelf. Restricted circulation eventually developed across vast portions of the lagoon or shelf, which resulted in the expansive growth of Amphipora and the decline in all other invertebrate populations.The sequence preserved in the rocks on Kasaan Island records a period of waning volcanic activity within the arc, which is marked by the relatively thick cover of lime sediments that accumulated on an evolving carbonate platform. The apparent lack of coeval limestones that exhibit identical stratigraphic successions in other parts of the Alexander Terrane probably reflects the evolution of isolated carbonate platforms adjacent to submarine or subaerial topographic highs that developed locally within the arc during or before the Early Devonian.
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36

Krinik, John J. "“Ethical Issues Resulting from Genetic Technology”, J. Alexander Lowden, January, 1999." North American Actuarial Journal 3, no. 1 (January 1999): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10920277.1999.10595776.

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37

Hare, Kevin G., and Nikita Sidorov. "A lower bound for Garsia’s entropy for certain Bernoulli convolutions." LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics 13 (April 22, 2010): 130–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s1461157008000430.

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AbstractLetβ(1,2) be a Pisot number and letHβdenote Garsia’s entropy for the Bernoulli convolution associated withβ. Garsia, in 1963, showed thatHβ<1 for any Pisotβ. For the Pisot numbers which satisfyxm=xm−1+xm−2++x+1 (withm≥2), Garsia’s entropy has been evaluated with high precision by Alexander and Zagier form=2 and later by Grabner, Kirschenhofer and Tichy form≥3, and it proves to be close to 1. No other numerical values forHβare known. In the present paper we show thatHβ>0.81 for all Pisotβ, and improve this lower bound for certain ranges ofβ. Our method is computational in nature.
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38

Boden, Hans U., and Micah Chrisman. "Virtual concordance and the generalized Alexander polynomial." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 30, no. 05 (April 2021): 2150030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216521500309.

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We use the Bar-Natan Ж-correspondence to identify the generalized Alexander polynomial of a virtual knot with the Alexander polynomial of a two component welded link. We show that the Ж-map is functorial under concordance, and also that Satoh’s Tube map (from welded links to ribbon knotted tori in [Formula: see text]) is functorial under concordance. In addition, we extend classical results of Chen, Milnor and Hillman on the lower central series of link groups to links in thickened surfaces. Our main result is that the generalized Alexander polynomial vanishes on any knot in a thickened surface which is virtually concordant to a homologically trivial knot. In particular, this shows that it vanishes on virtually slice knots. We apply it to complete the calculation of the slice genus for virtual knots with four crossings and to determine non-sliceness for a number of 5-crossing and 6-crossing virtual knots.
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39

SMITH, ANDREW B., and J. ALISTAIR CRAME. "Echinoderm faunas from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) of Alexander Island, Antarctica." Palaeontology 55, no. 2 (March 2012): 305–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01129.x.

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40

Butterworth, P. J., J. A. Crame, P. J. Howlett, and D. I. M. Macdonald. "Lithostratigraphy of Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous strata of eastern Alexander Island, Antarctica." Cretaceous Research 9, no. 3 (September 1988): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-6671(88)90020-1.

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41

Rubin, Charles M., and Jason B. Saleeby. "Tectonic framework of the upper Paleozoic and lower Mesozoic Alava sequence: a revised view of the polygenetic Taku terrane in southern southeast Alaska." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 28, no. 6 (June 1, 1991): 881–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e91-080.

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Fragments of upper Paleozoic and lower Mesozoic metavolcanic and metasedimentary sequences of the Taku terrane are exposed discontinuously along a narrow belt in southeast Alaska and form a distinct lithostratigraphic package in the Ketchikan area called the Alava sequence. Crinoidal and argillaceous marble, carbonaceous phyllite, argillite, mafic flows, pillow breccia, pyroclastic tuff, and quartzite characterize the sequence. These strata are unconformably overlain by Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous fine- to coarse-grained epiclastic rocks of the Gravina sequence. The upper Paleozoic part of the Alava sequence may be correlative with the Yukon–Tanana terrane, whereas the Middle and Upper Triassic portion of the Alava sequence may represent a metamorphic vestige of the Stikine terrane. Both parts are now exposed on the western flank of the Coast Plutonic Complex, in contrast with their correlatives to the east. These relations suggest that the Stikine and Alexander terranes were juxtaposed prior to deposition of the Gravina sequence. The western boundary between rocks of North American affinity and allochthonous ensimatic crustal fragments of the Alexander and Wrangellian terranes lies west of the Coast Plutonic Complex.
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42

Gehrels, George E. "Geology of the Chatham Sound region, southeast Alaska and coastal British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 1579–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e01-040.

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The Coast Mountains orogen is thought to have formed as a result of accretion of the Alexander and Wrangellia terranes against the western margin of the Stikine and Yukon–Tanana terranes, but the nature and age of accretion remain controversial. The Chatham Sound area, which is located along the west flank of the Coast Mountains near the Alaska – British Columbia border, displays a wide variety of relations that bear on the nature and age of the boundary between inboard and outboard terranes. Geologic and U–Pb geochronologic studies in this area reveal a coherent but deformed and metamorphosed sequence of rocks belonging to the Yukon–Tanana terrane, including pre-mid-Paleozoic marble, schist, and quartzite, mid-Paleozoic orthogneiss and metavolcanic rocks, and upper Paleozoic metaconglomerate and metavolcanic rocks. These rocks are overlain by Middle Jurassic volcanic rocks (Moffat volcanics) and Upper Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous strata of the Gravina basin, both of which also overlie Triassic and older rocks of the Alexander terrane. This overlap relationship demonstrates that the Alexander and Wrangellia terranes were initially accreted to the margin of inboard terranes during or prior to mid-Jurassic time. Accretion was apparently followed by Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous extension–transtension to form the Gravina basin, left-slip along the inboard margin of Alexander–Wrangellia, mid-Cretaceous collapse of the Gravina basin and final structural accretion of the outboard terranes, and early Tertiary dip-slip motion on the Coast shear zone.
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43

Little, Paul, Beth Stuart, Maria Stokes, Carolyn Nicholls, Lisa Roberts, Stephen Preece, Tim Cacciatore, et al. "Alexander technique and Supervised Physiotherapy Exercises in back paiN (ASPEN): a four-group randomised feasibility trial." Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation 1, no. 2 (October 2014): 1–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/eme01020.

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BackgroundThe Alexander technique probably helps back pain but it is unclear whether or not it can be combined with physiotherapy exercise classes, how many lessons are needed and what mechanisms might be involved.ObjectivesTo undertake a feasibility trial of the Alexander technique and supervised exercise classes and perform exploratory biomechanical and neuromuscular physiological marker analyses to better understand mediators of recovery.DesignFeasibility parallel-group randomised controlled trial.SettingGeneral practices in southern England.ParticipantsPatients with recurrent back pain (at least 3 weeks’ duration of a current episode).InterventionsParticipants were allocated by an external randomisation line to four groups: (1) normal care, (2) 10 Alexander technique lessons, (3) 12 physiotherapy exercise classes, (4) Alexander technique lessons plus exercise classes.Main outcome measuresThe feasibility outcomes were recruitment, acceptability and follow-up. The clinical outcomes were the Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), days in pain, the Von Korff pain and disability scale, overall improvement, fear of activity, enablement, the Oswestry Disability Index and the Aberdeen pain and function scale. Laboratory-based markers were axial muscle tone and flexibility, electrical activity, muscle tone and mechanical properties of elasticity and stiffness, trunk strength, and proprioception.ResultsIn total, 83 patients consented, 69 were randomised and 56 (81%) were followed up at 6 months. Most patients had long-standing pain (median > 300 days of pain). The RMDQ and other instruments were sensitive to change and the preliminary evidence suggests that the Aberdeen scale could be a useful measure. Study procedures were feasible and three methods of recruitment were successfully piloted. At 6 months the control group had changed little (RMDQ 1 point lower than at baseline) and, compared with the control group, clinically important improvements in RMDQ were seen in all groups, albeit not significant [Alexander technique −3.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) −6.7 to 0.8]; exercise classes −2.9, 95% CI −6.5 to 0.8; combined Alexander technique + exercise classes −2.50, 9% CI −6.20 to 1.19]. Novel biomechanical variables strongly associated with RMDQ score at 6 months were muscle tone (0.94 increase in RMDQ per unit increase in Hz, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.40;p < 0.0001), lumbar proprioception (1.48 increase in RMDQ per degree, 95% CI 0.83 to 2.12;p < 0.0001) and muscle elasticity (−4.86 increase in RMDQ per unit log decrement, 95% CI −0.01 to −9.72;p < 0.05). At 3 months the Alexander technique improved proprioception and exercise classes improved trunk extension strength. At 6 months the Alexander technique improved the timing of multifidus muscle onset and the active straight leg raise test and exercise classes improved multifidus muscle thickness and the ability to contract. The combined effects of the Alexander technique and exercise classes were improvements in muscle tone, elasticity and thickness and contractile ability. These observations provide possible links between intervention, proprioception, muscle tone and elasticity and outcome. In terms of harms, one patient fell in the exercise class group.ConclusionsThe trial is feasible and the interventions may provide clinically important benefits. Exploratory analysis suggests that muscle tone, elasticity and proprioception are strongly associated with improved RMDQ score and are likely to be modified by the interventions.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN51496752.FundingThis project was funded by the Medical Research Council through the Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation Board.
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44

Lu, G., J. L. Yu, J. J. Zhang, and T. X. Yu. "Alexander Revisited: Upper- and Lower-Bound Approaches for Axial Crushing of a Circular Tube." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 206 (September 2021): 106610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2021.106610.

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45

Marzec, Agata, Hanna Kowalska, Jolanta Kowalska, Ewa Domian, and Andrzej Lenart. "Influence of Pear Variety and Drying Methods on the Quality of Dried Fruit." Molecules 25, no. 21 (November 5, 2020): 5146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25215146.

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In this study, the impacts of two different pear cultivars, “Conference” and “Alexander Lucas”, on the kinetics and the final quality of samples dried by convection (CD) and microwave-convection (MCD) methods, were investigated. The quality of dried material was evaluated by the analysis of water activity, porosity, color, acoustic emission (AE) and mechanical and sensory properties. The required drying time to obtain 0.2 kg H2O/kg dry solid (d.s.) was longer for “Conference” than “Alexander Lucas” and was 20 min by CD and 5 min by MCD. The pear cultivar, in conjunction with the drying method (CD or MCD), affected the number of AE events and the work of breaking. The CD pear of the “Conference” cultivar was characterized by higher force, higher breaking work and stronger AE relative to the CD pear of the “Alexander Lucas” cultivar. There were no differences in taste or overall quality, but the hardness was higher for the CD “Conference” pear. A principal component analysis showed that panelists preferred dried fruit with good taste and overall quality but lower hardness. A positive correlation was found between the number of acoustic events and sensory hardness; thus, an acoustic method can be useful for effectively evaluating the texture of dried pears. These results show that the dried pear slices that generated fewer AE events upon breaking were perceived as better by the panelists.
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46

Thorpe, S. K. S., R. H. Crompton, and R. McN Alexander. "Orangutans use compliant branches to lower the energetic cost of locomotion." Biology Letters 3, no. 3 (April 17, 2007): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0049.

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Within the forest canopy, the shortest gaps between tree crowns lie between slender terminal branches. While the compliance of these supports has previously been shown to increase the energetic cost of gap crossing in arboreal animals (e.g. Alexander 1991 Z. Morphol. Anthropol. 78 , 315–320; Demes et al . 1995 Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 96 , 419–429), field observations suggest that some primates may be able to use support compliance to increase the energetic efficiency of locomotion. Here, we calculate the energetic cost of alternative methods of gap crossing in orangutans ( Pongo abelii ). Tree sway (in which orangutans oscillate a compliant tree trunk with increasing magnitude to bridge a gap) was found to be less than half as costly as jumping, and an order of magnitude less costly than descending the tree, walking to the vine and climbing it. Observations of wild orangutans suggest that they actually use support compliance in many aspects of their locomotor behaviour. This study seems to be the first to show that elastic compliance in arboreal supports can be used to reduce the energetic cost of gap crossing.
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47

Savage, Norman M. "Late Devonian (Frasnian and Famennian) conodonts from the Wadleigh Limestone, southeastern Alaska." Journal of Paleontology 66, no. 2 (March 1992): 277–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000033795.

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Conodont faunas from the upper part of the Wadleigh Limestone, Alexander terrane, southeastern Alaska, are of Frasnian to early Famennian age and include the new taxa Polygnathus aspelundi nanus n. subsp., Polygnathus decorosus dutroi n. subsp., Polygnathus elegantulus sparus n. subsp., Polygnathus gracilis n. subsp. A, Polygnathus n. sp. A, Palmatolepis subrecta youngquisti n. subsp., and Icriodus subterminus uyenoi n. subsp. Four distinct age-determined faunal assemblages are recognized. The lowest is assigned to the Lower Palmatolepis rhenana Zone (the chronozones of Ziegler and Sandberg, 1990, are treated herein as time-rock equivalent assemblage zones). The next is exposed on three small islands just south of Wadleigh Island and is correlated with part of the Lower to Upper Palmatolepis rhenana Zones. The third assemblage, on the eastern side of Wadleigh Island from close to the top of the section, is correlated with part of the Palmatolepis linguiformis Zone. Nearby and overlying this is the fourth assemblage, which is correlated with part of the Lower Palmatolepis triangularis Zone and thus appears to be within the lower Famennian. These Wadleigh Limestone conodont faunas have affinities with faunas from equivalent horizons of the cratonic regions of the Northwest Territories and Alberta in Western Canada and to other faunas globally. The more provincial conodont taxa lend weak but positive support to brachiopod faunal evidence that places the Alexander terrane close to the North American craton during the Late Devonian.
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48

Beer, Daniel. "“To a Dog, a Dog's Death!”: Naïve Monarchism and Regicide in Imperial Russia, 1878–1884." Slavic Review 80, no. 1 (2021): 112–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/slr.2021.29.

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The article examines arrest protocols drawn up from the mid-1870s to the mid-1880s by local policemen investigating thousands of individuals denounced to the authorities for having voiced criticisms of the monarchy and approval of the campaign of terror in the reign of Alexander II. The discussion proceeds in two stages. It first argues that the arrest protocols constitute grounds for a revisionist challenge to the existing historiography which charts enduring, if gradually declining, popular support for the monarchy in the final decades of tsarism. It then argues for a reappraisal of the efforts by revolutionaries in the reign of Alexander II to destroy the sanctity of the autocracy through the use of “propaganda by the deed.” The campaign to assassinate the tsar emerges in the arrest protocols as an effective form of political messaging that gained real purchase in the popular imagination. It prompted lower-class Russians to articulate their own local grievances in terms of popular sovereignty, natural justice and political accountability.
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49

Kapp, Paul A., and George E. Gehrels. "Detrital zircon constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Gravina belt, southeastern Alaska." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 35, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e97-110.

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Upper Jurassic - Lower Cretaceous marine clastic strata and mafic to intermediate volcanic rocks of the Gravina belt are part of a complex suture zone separating the Alexander and Wrangellia terranes on the west from the Yukon-Tanana and Stikine terranes to the east. U-Pb ages have been determined on 118 single detrital zircon grains from Gravina strata in an effort to determine the tectonic setting of the Gravina belt and the paleoposition of outboard terranes prior to their Late Cretaceous juxtaposition against inboard terranes. Samples from five stratigraphic units yield ages of 105-120 (n = 5), 140-165 (n = 56), 310-380 (n = 17), 400-450 (n = 19), 520-560 (n = 5), 920-1310 (n = 5), and 1755-1955 Ma (n = 5). The 105-120 and 140-165 Ma grains were shed primarily from arc-related plutons that lie outboard of the Gravina belt. The lack of 120-140 Ma ages coincides with a lull in magmatism in the outboard arc and in the western United States, which suggests that Gravina strata accumulated during major changes in plate motion along the Cordilleran margin. The 400-560 Ma zircons were derived from rocks of the Alexander terrane which also lie to the west. In contrast, the 310-380 and >900 Ma grains were apparently shed from inboard regions. Likely sources include the Yukon-Tanana and Stikine terranes in the northern Cordillera and assemblages in the northern California region which contain igneous rocks and detrital zircons of the appropriate ages. Our data accordingly support models in which the Gravina basin formed in narrow rift or transtensional basins, whereas the outboard Alexander and Wrangellia terranes were located along the California - Oregon - Washington - British Columbia - Alaska margin. Our data are less supportive of models in which the Gravina strata and underlying Alexander and Wrangellia terranes were separated from western North America by a large ocean basin, or were located along the coast of Mexico.
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50

VAN DEN BRANDT, Marc J., Bruce S. RUBIDGE, Julien BENOIT, and Fernando ABDALA. "Cranial morphology of the middle Permian pareiasaur Nochelesaurus alexanderi from the Karoo Basin of South Africa." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 112, no. 1 (March 2021): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691021000049.

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ABSTRACTPareiasaurs were globally distributed, abundant, herbivorous parareptiles with the basal-most members found only in the mid-Permian of South Africa. These basal forms form a monophyletic group and were locally abundant and became extinct at the top of the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone at the end of the Guadalupian. Four species of basal pareiasaurs are currently recognised: Bradysaurus baini, B. seeleyi, Embrithosaurus schwarzi and Nochelesaurus alexanderi, but they are all poorly understood and there remains historic uncertainty as to their validity. In this paper, our second contribution designed to improve understanding of the basal group, we present the first detailed cranial description and updated diagnosis for Nochelesaurus alexanderi and demonstrate that it is a distinct taxon based on one cranial autapomorphy, a large transversely wide postparietal, and a combination of cranial characters. Within the local group of mid-Permian pareiasaurs, we recognise new dental features of Nochelesaurus alexanderi: non-symmetrical marginal cusp arrangements on upper and lower teeth resulting from an extra basal mesial cusp; an incipient horizontal cingulum on lower jaw teeth, sometimes with one or two tiny medial cingular cusps; and up to ten marginal cusps. Our study demonstrates that tooth morphology and orientation, cranial ornamentation, morphology of the cheek bosses, shape of the postfrontal and postparietal, and morphology of the distal paroccipital process of the opisthotic are the most useful to identify South African mid-Permian pareiasaurs.
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