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Journal articles on the topic 'Alexandre (1958-....)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Desmyter, Jan, and Dirk E. Teuwen. "The Jezierski papers: live polio vaccine development in colobus monkey cells but not chimpanzee cells in the Belgian Congo, 1952–1958." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 356, no. 1410 (June 29, 2001): 835–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0874.

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A reading of ten relevant papers by Alexandre Jezierski provides evidence for the only attempt in Central Africa to develop a live oral polio vaccine (OPV) from growing reference wild polio strains to 210 passages in colobus monkey tissue culture, and experimental administration to about 25 humans. Chimpanzees were used as a human model, but their tissues or kidneys were absent from the passage and production line of the proposed vaccine. Thus, the implication published by Hooper that Jezierski had produced a candidate OPV that might have contained chimpanzee viruses, possibly simian immunodeficiency virus cpz or the precursor of human immunodeficiency virus-1 group M, is incorrect.

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PALMA, RICARDO L. "Confirmation of the identity of the type host of the louse Halipeurus fallacis (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae)." Zootaxa 4407, no. 1 (April 9, 2018): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4407.1.10.

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Alexander (1954: 489) recorded a petrel (Aves: Procellariiformes) captured alive on board a ship in the Indian Ocean by Mr W.W.A. Phillips who, after removing some lice, liberated it the following morning. Alexander (1954) identified that petrel as the species “Pterodroma aterrima Bonaparte”, now placed in the genus Pseudobulweria. The lice were kept in the collection of the then British Museum (Natural History), now the Natural History Museum, London, England. Jouanin (1955) published a new species of petrel from the Indian Ocean as Bulweria fallax. Jouanin (1957: 19) discussed the identity of the petrel identified by Alexander (1954) as Pterodroma aterrima, stating that the descriptive data given by Alexander (1954) did not clearly fit either P. aterrima or B. fallax. However, considering the geographical coordinates where the bird was captured, Jouanin (1957) believed it was more likely Bulweria fallax.

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Revista, La. "Fallecimiento del señor Alexandre Hay." Revista Internacional de la Cruz Roja 16, no. 107 (October 1991): 571–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0250569x00014369.

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El señor Alexandre Hay, ex presidente del CICR, falleció el 23 de agosto de 1991, en Ginebra, a la edad de 72 años. El Movimiento Internacional de la Cruz Roja y de la Media Luna Roja pierde a un servidor cuya acción se caracterizó por su total compromiso en favor del respeto del derecho, de la promoción de los ideales humanitarios y de la paz mediante el diálogo y la concertación.Nacido en 1919, el señor Alexandre Hay efectuó sus estudios en Ginebra, obtuvo su licencia en derecho el año 1941 y su diploma de abogado en 1944. Ingresó en el Departamento Político Federal, en Berna, el año 1945, donde permanecio hasta 1948, cuando asumió el cargo de secretario en la Legatión suiza en País, que ocupó hasta 1953. En 1954, pasó a ser director de la División encargada de Asuntos Internacionales del Banco Nacional Suizo, en Zurich. De 1956 a 1966, trabajó en el Banco Nacional Suizo (Berna), donde primeramente fue director y suplente del jefe del II Departamento; luego, de 1966 a 1976, fue director general y jefe del II Departamento y, posteriormente, vicepresidente de la Directión General.

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Morgoshiia, Temury S., Nikolai A. Syroezhin, and Alexander V. Inkin. "In memory of academician A.A. Vishnevsky – the chief surgeon of the Ministry of defense of the USSR (for the 45th anniversary of his death)." Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management 15, no. 1 (July 15, 2021): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/1993-6508-2021-15-1-85-91.

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The life and work of academician Alexander Alexandrovich Vishnevsky are presented. During the Great Patriotic War, Alexander Alexandrovich served as an army surgeon and chief surgeon for a number of fronts. He became the director of the A.V. Vishnevsky of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences in 1948 and later served as the chief surgeon of the USSR Ministry of Defense starting in 1956. As a student and the closest associate of his father A.V. Vishnevsky, Alexander Alexandrovich participated in the creation of a domestic surgical school and then became its leader after his fathers death. Analysis of the early works of Alexander Alexandrovich reveals his devotion to the anatomical substantiation of local anesthesia based on the method of creeping infiltrate. The well-known monograph Novocaine blockade and oil-balsamic antiseptics as a special type of pathogenetic therapy (1952), written by Alexander Alexandrovich and his father, is the result of many years of research on the role of nervous trophism in the pathogenesis of a number of surgical diseases. Alexander Alexandrovich also found that in the advanced stages of medical evacuation, surgical interventions on the wounded can be performed under local anesthesia by using the creeping infiltrate method. In peacetime, A.A. Vishnevsky continued to investigate the issues related to anesthesia and nervous trophism and collaborated with his colleagues to address a number of other pressing problems, including the surgery of the heart and blood vessels, mechanisms for compensating for impaired functions of organs and systems, the use of cybernetics and electronics in surgery, burn injuries, and the use of polymers in surgery. Moreover, A.A. Vishnevsky was the first surgeon in Russia to perform a successful open-heart surgery under the conditions of artificial circulation (1957). He was awarded the highest Ren Leriche International Prize for his work on local anesthesia during heart surgery (1955).

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Andreev, Alexander Alexeevich, and Anton Petrovich Ostroushko. "Alexander Nikolaevich BAKULEV - Soviet surgeon-scientist, the founder of cardiovascular surgery in the USSR (to the 130th of birthday)." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 13, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2020-13-3-301.

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Alexander Bakulev was born in the village Nebankovskaya Vyatka province. He studied first at the parish school, and then at the Vyatka theological Seminary. In 1911 he entered the medical faculty of Saratov University. In 1918, he passed the exams for a doctor's degree ahead of schedule and remained in the hospital surgery clinic of the University. In 1926 A. N. Bakulev entered the residency at the Department of surgery of the 2nd Moscow medical Institute. In 1928 he successfully defended his thesis and was sent for a one-year internship in Germany. For the first time in the domestic practice, he proposed the introduction of radiopaque substances in the brain tissue, a method of ureteral transplantation, improved methods of x-ray examination of vessels, kidneys and ureters, developed methods of plastic esophagus (1935), surgery on the biliary tract, methods of surgical treatment of peptic ulcer, for the first time in the world surgically eliminated the fixation of the heart muscle to the heart bag with pericarditis, developed new methods of treatment of brain abscesses. A. N. Bakulev is considered a pioneer of intubation anesthesia in the USSR, the founder of thoracic and radical pulmonary surgery. He performed a successful lobectomy for chronic abscess (1938) and lung actinomycosis (1939). In 1943 A. N. Bakulev became head of the Department. During the great Patriotic war A. N. Bakulev - front, and then chief surgeon of the evacuation hospitals of Moscow, head of the surgical Department of the hospital medical and sanitary Department of the Kremlin. He successfully removed a lung from a patient with chronic suppurative process (1945), for the first time carried out a successful operation in nezaradene known to inhibit the Bayou (1948), have developed a method comissurotomy. In 1949, A. N. Bakulev was awarded the Stalin prize (1949). He was the first to impose an anastomosis between the superior Vena cava and pulmonary artery, performed surgery for aneurysm of the thoracic aorta, created a technology of heart operations in hypothermia, for the first time in the world he began to operate on children suffering from congenital heart defects. In 1955 on the initiative of A. N. Bakuleva was established Institute of thoracic surgery (now the Institute of cardiovascular surgery. A. N. Bakuleva), the first Director of which he became. Among his developments can be noted the method of electrocardio-stimulation, intended for the treatment of heart rhythm disorders, a method of plasty of coronary vessels in acute myocardial infarction. In the mid-fifties A. N. Bakulev lays the foundations of shunting operations on the vessels of the heart. In 1957 he was awarded the Lenin prize. In 1959 A. N. Bakulev performed a successful operation for valvular stenosis of the pulmonary artery. In 1958, the scientist was elected a full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences. From 1953 to 1960 President of the USSR Academy of Sciences. A. N. Bakulev was awarded three orders of Lenin, the order of the red banner of Labor and the red Star, was awarded the highest international award of surgeons the award "Golden scalpel". On March 31, 1967, Alexander Bakulev died suddenly from cardiac arrest and was buried at Novodevichy cemetery. In memory of Alexander Nikolaevich in 2005, a documentary film "the Key to the heart" was shot in front of the Institute of cardiovascular surgery named after A. N. Bakulev monument to the scientist, and the building a plaque.

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Boardman, Pete. "Twenty-one new species of craneflies (Diptera: Tipulidae and Limoniidae), and a new fold-wing cranefly (Diptera: Ptychopteridae) from Mount Kupe, Cameroon, with notes on eighteen other species new to the country from the same location." Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 156, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 163–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.31184/m00138908.1563.4042.

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Following the award of a Winston Churchill Memorial Trust (WCMT) Fellowship the author was able to visit the Charles P. Alexander (1889–1981) collection at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington D. C. to study craneflies gifted to him from fieldwork in Cameroon. They were collected by Malaise trap in forest clearings near streams on Mount Kupe, near Nyasoso, Cameroon. 21 new species of cranefly (Diptera: Tipulidae and Limoniidae): Dolichopeza (Dolichopeza) vicki sp. n., Nephrotoma mawdsleyi sp. n., Baeoura nyasosoensis sp. n.,Ellipteroides (Ellipteroides) nigromaculatus sp. n., Hovamyia gelhausi sp. n.,Limnophilomyia (Limnophilomyia) alexanderi sp. n., Ormosia (Neserioptera) cameroonensis sp. n., Afrolimnophila mederosi sp. n., A. oosterbroeki sp. n., Neolimnomyia kupensis sp. n., Pseudolimnophila (Pseudolimnophila) staryi sp. n., Achyrolimonia prycei sp. n., Dicranomyia (Dicranomyia) tuberculata sp. n., D. (Idioglochina) stubbsi sp. n., Elephantomyia (Elephantomyia) gilsonae sp. n., Libnotes (Afrolimonia) trimaculata sp. n., Metalimnobia (Tricholimnobia) krameri sp. n., Thaumastoptera (Thaumastoptera) churchilli sp. n., Toxorhina (Ceratocheilus) holvia sp. n., Trentepohlia (Trentepohlia) zorro sp. n., and Trichoneura (Xipholimnobia) jacksoni, and a new species of fold-wing cranefly (Diptera: Ptychopteridae): Ptychoptera (Ptychoptera) fasbenderi sp. n., are described. 18 species of cranefly known from elsewhere in the Afrotropical region are recorded here from Cameroon for the first time: Gonomyia (Leiponeura) hyperion Alexander, 1956, Limnophilomyia (Limnophilomyia) medleriana Alexander, 1976, Styringomyia vittata Edwards, 1914, Afrolimnophila hartwigi (Alexander, 1974), A. urundiana (Alexander, 1955), Austrolimnophila (Phragmocrypta) fulani Alexander, 1974, Hexatoma (Eriocera) brevifurca Alexander, 1956, H. (E.) trichoneura Alexander, 1956, H. (E.) tumidiscapa (Alexander, 1920), Medleromyia nigeriana Alexander, 1974, Achyrolimonia recurvans (Alexander, 1919), Atypopthalmus (Atypopthalmus) submendicus tuberculifer (Alexander, 1956), Dicranomyia (Dicranomyia) redundans (Alexander, 1956), Libnotes (Afrolimonia) rhanteria (Alexander, 1920), L. (A.) illiterata (Alexander, 1937), Limonia woosnami (Alexander, 1920), Orimarga (Protorimarga) bequaertiana (Alexander, 1930) and Toxorhina (Ceratocheilus) nigripleura (Alexander, 1920). In total 40 species are presented as new for Cameroon. A further 23 species already known from Cameroon were identified, and are listed here as some of them have not been recorded since their original description close to, or in some cases over, a hundred years ago.

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Žilka, Tibor. "Násilná smrť v postkoloniálnej próze." Slavica Wratislaviensia 168 (April 18, 2019): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1150.168.28.

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Violent death in postcolonial proseIn the years 1953–1960 Rudolf Dobiáš was imprisoned for his anti-state activities for 7 years, most of which he spent in uranium mines in Jáchymov. Both his non-fiction and prosaic work are based on his personal experience and they also concern the executions of young people. He described in detail the sentencing of three graduates of a grammar school in Trenčín, who were given the death penalty and were executed in February 1951. At the Higher Military Court in Trenčín he discovered the writings of a lieutenant of the Czechoslovak People’s Army, Tomáš Chovan. He was sentenced by the State Court in Bratislava to the death penalty for treason and spying. He was executed in November 1951 at the age of 25. His farewell to his family is presented in the story Younger Brother Mladší brat, which is one of the best works of Dobiáš. Ľuboš Jurík also wrote a biographical novel entitled The Death of a Minister Smrť ministra. It is about the Slovak communist politician Vladimír Clementis 1902–1952, who was the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the years 1948–1950. Clementis was imprisoned in 1951 to face a fabricated accusation. He was given the death penalty too. Jurík’s novel is composed of an interview with a fictive figure — the advocate. Just before the execution, he talks to him about the whole life of the politician Clementis. In the spirit of Stalinism, it was his ex-party colleagues and friends who were behind the execution. Jurík wrote a book about Alexander Dubček as well, entitled A Year Longer Than a Century Rok dlhší ako storočie, in which he asks whether the end of the symbol of Prague Spring was violent or not. There is evidence that it could have been so. Gwałtowna śmierć w postkolonialnej prozieRudolf Dobiáš, skazany za działalność antypaństwową, lata 1953–1960 spędził w więzieniu, z czego większą część w kopalniach uranu w Jáchymowie. Swoje doświadczenia opisuje we wspomnieniach, a także w tekstach prozatorskich, w których pojawia się motyw egzekucji młodych ludzi. Dobiáš szczegółowo opisał skazanie na śmierć trzech absolwentów gimnazjum w Trenczynie i ich egzekucję w lutym 1951 roku. W Wyższym Sądzie Wojskowym w Trenczynie pojawiły się również akta porucznika Czechosłowackiej Armii Ludowej Tomáša Chovana, którego sąd w Bratysławie skazał na karę śmierci za zdradę państwa i szpiegostwo. W listopadzie 1951 roku w wieku 25 lat Chovan został stracony. Dobiáš opisał pożegnanie porucznika z rodziną przed śmiercią w opowiadaniu Młodszy brat Mladší brat, które można zaliczyć do jego najlepszych utworów. Z kolei Ľuboš Jurík jest autorem biograficznej powieści pod tytułem Śmierć ministra Smrť ministra o słowackim komunistycznym polityku Vladimirze Clementisie 1902–1952, który w latach 1948–1950 pełnił funkcję ministra spraw zagranicznych Czechosłowacji. Clementis w 1951 roku został uwięziony i podczas procesu pokazowego skazany na karę śmierci. Autor skonstruował powieść w sposób następujący: adwokat jako postać fikcyjna rozmawia z Clementisem tuż przed egzekucją i podczas tej rozmowy czytelnik poznaje całe życie słowackiego polityka. Co typowe dla czasów stalinizmu, duży udział w skazaniu polityka na śmierć mieli jego partyjni towarzysze i przyjaciele. Jurík opublikował również książkę o Aleksandrze Dubčeku Rok dłuższy niż wiek Rok dlhší ako storočie, w której pojawia się pytanie, czy śmierć Dubčeka — symbolu praskiej wiosny — też mogła być spowodowana przez osoby trzecie, ponieważ istnieją na to pewne dowody.

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Andreev, Alexandr Alexeevich, and Anton Petrovich Ostroushko. "135th birth anniversary of Alexander Fleming (The beginning of the era of antibiotics is dedicated)." Vestnik of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 9, no. 3 (January 13, 2017): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2016-9-3-255-256.

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В 1999 году журнал «Time» включил Александра Флеминга в список 100 героев и кумиров XX века, заявив, что «открытие Флеминга породило огромную фармацевтическую промышленность, производящую синтетические пенициллины, направленные на борьбу с некоторыми самыми древними заболеваниями человечества, в числе которых сифилис, гангрена и туберкулез». По некоторым оценкам антибиотики спасли свыше 200 миллионов человек, а их открытие прибавило примерно 20 лет к средней продолжительности жизни человека в развитых странах.Александр Флеминг родился 6 августа 1881 года. В 1906 году получил степень Бакалавра Медицины и Бакалавра Хирургии с отличием и стал членом Королевского колледжа хирургов. В 1908 году он получает степень магистра и бакалавра наук в Лондонском университете. В 1922 году Александр Флеминг открывает лизоцим. В1928 г. он становится профессором бактериологии. 7 марта 1929 года, А. Флеминг выделил и описал свойства пенициллина. 12 февраля 1941 года пенициллин был впервые применен для лечения человека. В 1943 году началось промышленное производство антибиотика.В 1944 году Флеминг был возведен в рыцарское достоинство. В 1945 году Нобелевская премия по физиологии и медицине была присуждена А.Флемингу, Х.У.Флори и Э.Б.Чейну «за открытие пенициллина и его целебного воздействия при различных инфекционных болезнях». В 1928–1946 годах А. Флеминг работал профессором микробиологии Лондонского университета, в 1947 возглавил Институт Райта–Флеминга, в 1951–1954 был ректором Эдинбургского университета.А. Флеминг был удостоен 25 почетных степеней, 26 медалей, 18 премий, 30 наград и почетного членства в 89 академиях наук и научных обществах, в том числе, Лондонского королевского общества (1943), Парижской академии наук (1946), Первый президент общества общей микробиологии.Александр Флеминг скончался от инфаркта миокарда 11 марта 1955 года. В 2009 году изображение Флеминга размещено на новой купюре в 5 фунтов стерлингов.

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Amirov, A. N., F. R. Saifullina, and E. A. Abdulaeva. "Past, present and future of the department of ophthalmology of the Kazan state medical academy (to the 90th anniversary of the foundation of the department)." Kazan medical journal 93, no. 6 (December 15, 2012): 935–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2110.

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The history of the department of ophthalmology of the Kazan State Medical Academy for the 90-year period was analyzed. The department was founded in September, 1922. The reason for the foundation of the department was the trachoma that was rampant at that time in the Volga region. Academician V.V. Chirkovskiy (1874-1956), who headed the department from 1922 to 1928, was the founder and the first director of the first in USSR Trachoma Institution based in Kazan. From 1929 to 1932 professor Valentin Yemel’yanovich Adamyuk (1877-1950), the honoured Scientific researcher of the republic of Tatarstan was the head of the eye clinics of the medical academy and of the Scientific and Research Trachoma Institution. In 1932 professor, the honoured Scientific researcher of the republic of Tatarstan Alexandr Nikolaevich Murzin (1885-1954) has won the elections and headed the department. He secured the merging of the Scientific and Research Trachoma Institution and the eye clinics of the medical academy into the one institution. Thanks to the proper healthcare management and treatment and prevention measures trachoma was eliminated in republic of Tatarstan in 1964. Later, the department was chaired by Alexandr Nikiforovich Kruglov (1952-1964), Kamilya Islamovna Gafarova (1964-1967), Moisey Bencionovich Wufgart (1967-1987), Liyuda Bakhtigareevna Galiaskarova (1987-1996), Marina Vladimirovna Kuznetsova (1996-2012). Since March 2012 the department is headed by PhD, Principal out-of-staff ophthalmologist of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan Aidar Nailevich Amirov. Nowadays the department staff completes over 5000 complicated eye microsurgeries yearly, and also consults the patients form Republic of Tatarstan and nearby regions with complicated cases of different eye diseases at the out-patients clinic and departments of the hospital.

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Ball, S. J. "Military nuclear relations between the United States and Great Britain under the terms of the McMahon Act, 1946–1958." Historical Journal 38, no. 2 (June 1995): 439–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x0001949x.

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ABSTRACTThis article takes a fresh look at Anglo-American nuclear relations between 1946 and 1958. It concentrates on the relationship between the military establishments of the two countries in general and the ties between the United States air force and the Royal Air Force in particular. The article argues that an understanding of military relations is essential for an understanding of the high politics of the nuclear relationship. It is shown that senior officers in the armed services were the main ‘functional elite’ dealing with nuclear delivery systems and the planning for their use. Relations between these groups were personally and institutionally close and on the whole cordial. In Britain the link sustained optimism about the possibility of close nuclear co-operation in the 1940s and early 1950s and suppressed fears about the loss of nuclear independence in the late 1950s. In the United States it was recognized that military relations were an important channel through which to influence British nuclear policy. The article offers accounts, based on new archival research, of the nuclear aspect of the October 1947 Pentagon talks on the Middle East, Churchill's visit to the United States in January 1952 and the first Anglo-American joint nuclear targeting agreement – the Wilson/Alexander agreement of 12 March 1954. It reveals for the first time details of Plans E and X which equipped the RAF with American atomic and thermonuclear weapons between 1955 and 1958. The article concludes that the British nuclear force was becoming subordinated to the United States even before negotiations about Thor, Skybolt and Polaris missiles became central to the relationship.

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MacGregor, Arthur. "An aerial relic of O.G.S. Crawford." Antiquity 74, no. 283 (March 2000): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00066175.

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A manuscript scroll preserved in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, proves to be the log from the first in a series of flights undertaken by O.G.S. Crawford (1886–1957) in association with Alexander Keiller (1889–1955), which ultimately resulted in publication of their classic volume, Wessex from the Air (1928), a key work in the history of archaeological aerial photography. The roller-board on which the scroll is mounted proves equally interesting, being a cavalryman's mapping board of a type in use from the 1870s to the late 1920s. These items are placed in their respective historical contexts and an explanation is offered for their seemingly improbable conjunction.

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Hinsching, Fernando, Rafael José Nogeira, and Ian Pogan. "OS CRIMES DO CAPITÃO-MOR DE SÃO FRANCISCO DO SUL DOMINGOS FRANCISCO FRANCISQUES, VULGO “CABECINHA”." Revista NEP - Núcleo de Estudos Paranaenses da UFPR 5, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/nep.v5i1.67671.

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O capitão-mor Domingos Francisco Francisques, que acabou ficando mais conhecido na cidade de São Francisco do Sul por “Cabecinha” ficou marcado na memória social de São Francisco do Sul como o autor de vários crimes horríveis e hediondos e sem contar suas ações tirânicas e abusivas. Vamos mapear a atuação do personagem começando por analisar os estudos mais antigos de Lucas Alexandre Boiteux (1912), Luís Gualberto (1958) e mais recentemente o trabalho de Carlos da Costa Pereira (1984). A partir de suas hipóteses entrelaçadas com a documentação primária ancorada em cartas do período buscaremos pontuar suas ações. A primeira carta é de 1712 do Rei Dom João V ao governador da praça de Santos onde ele explicita estar ciente dos crimes de Cabecinha. A segunda a terceira carta juntamente com a sentença em 1721 é do ouvidor de São Paulo Rafael Pires Pardinho que detalha todos os passos de “Cabecinha” e qual foi seu julgamento e sentença diante de tudo que levantou e analisou relativo as acusações que teve em suas mãos. Indo por esses dois caminhos pretendemos fundamentar nossa análise mapeando suas ações criminosas, relacionando metodologia, teoria e fontes primárias. A genealogia de “Cabecinha” e sua família será outro caminho que usaremos para entender as nuances do personagem e de que forma ele se inseriu no contexto do qual resultou seus crimes. Nos afastaremos um pouco das lendas e mitos não por considerarmos irrelevantes, mas exatamente por entendermos que ela necessita de mais espaço para a análise.

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Schot, Johan. "The Mystery of the Failed European Common Transport Policy Explained." Transfers 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2012.020212.

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Volkert Ebert and Phillip-Alexander Harter, Europa ohne Fahrplan? Anfänge und Entwicklung der gemeinsamen Verkehrspolitik in der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft (1957–1985) (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2010) (Reihe Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte. Beihefte 211), 278 pp., €52Christian Henrich-Franke, Gescheiterte Integration im Vergleich: Der Verkehr— ein Problemsektor gemeinsamer Rechtsetzung im Deutschen Reich (1871– 1879) und der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft (1958–1972) (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2012) (Reihe: Studien zur Geschichte der Europäischen Integration), 434 pp., €56

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Davidson, Michael W. "Pioneers in Optics: Alexandre Edmond Becquerel and William Henry Bragg." Microscopy Today 19, no. 4 (July 2011): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929511000459.

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Four successive generations of the Becquerel family were educated at the prestigious French scientific institution of higher learning, the École Polytechnique, and became physics professors at the French Museum of Natural History. Alexandre Edmond Becquerel was the son of Antoine César (1788– 1878), discoverer of piezoelectricity; father of Antoine Henri (1852– 1908), who discovered radioactivity; and the grandfather of Jean Antoine (1878–1953), who is best known for his work on relativity and the discovery of polarization rotation in the presence of a magnetic field. Though all of these notable scientists carried out a variety of experiments related to optics, it was Alexandre Edmond Becquerel who made the greatest contributions to the field.

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Sansón Corbo, Tomás. "Amor a los libros y pasión por los documentos. Walter Alexander de Azevedo y los estudios históricos en el Río de la Plata." Folia Histórica del Nordeste, no. 29 (December 4, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/fhn.0292425.

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Walter Alexander de Azevedo (1887-1958) fue un historiador brasileño de escasa repercusión en el demos académico de su país. Existe poca información sobre su vida y producción. Estableció intensos y fluidos contactos con investigadores de Argentina, Uruguay y Paraguay. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar su contribución en el proceso de configuración de los campos historiográficos de la región platense, entre las décadas de 1930 y 1950. Propongo realizarlo en base a un análisis de los vínculos epistolares establecidos con autores como Emilio Ravignani, Ricardo Levene, Alberto Palomeque y Juan Pivel Devoto.

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Poo, Mu-ming, and Alexander Wu Chao. "Conversation with Chen-Ning Yang: reminiscence and reflection." National Science Review 7, no. 1 (August 7, 2019): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwz113.

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Abstract Chen-Ning Yang ( ) is the most distinguished Chinese theoretical physicist. In 1954, together with Robert Mills, he formulated the Yang–Mills Gauge Theory, which led to the development of the Standard Model, the leading framework for understanding particle physics. In 1956, Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee ( ) proposed the possibility of parity non-conservation in weak interaction, which won them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957. Besides these two major achievements, Yang made many other seminal contributions to particle physics, statistical physics and condensed matter physics. At the end of 2003, Yang returned to China from the US and established the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University in Beijing. NSR’s Executive Editor-in-Chief Mu-ming Poo ( ), a neurobiologist, and Alexander Wu Chao ( ), an accelerator physicist at Stanford University, talked with Professor Yang on a variety of topics, ranging from his retrospective view on Yang–Mills theory, on his contemporary physicists, on tastes in scientific research, and on the current and future developments of Chinese science. The following is an excerpt from this conversation that took place on 21 March 2019 at Tsinghua University, Beijing.

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17

Cohen, S. C., A. Kohn, and M. F. D. Baptista-Farias. "Ultrastructure of the tegument of Metamicrocotyla macracantha (Alexander, 1954) Koratha, 1955 (Monogenea, Microcotylidae)." Brazilian Journal of Biology 64, no. 1 (February 2004): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842004000100004.

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The ultrastructure of the body tegument of Metamicrocotyla macracantha (Alexander, 1954) Koratha, 1955, parasite of Mugil liza from Brazil, was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The body tegument is composed of an external syncytial layer, musculature, and an inner layer containing tegumental cells. The syncytium consists of a matrix containing three types of body inclusions and mitochondria. The musculature is constituted of several layers of longitudinal and circular muscle fibers. The tegumental cells present a well-developed nucleus, cytoplasm filled with ribosomes, rough endoplasmatic reticulum and mitochondria, and characteristic organelles of tegumental cells.

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18

Gosselin, Émile, and M. Adélard Tremblay. "Loomervale : un cas de désintégration sociale." Articles 1, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 309–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/055033ar.

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Sous la direction du Dr Alexander H. Leighton, psychiatre et anthropologue, de 1' Université Cornell, des spécialistes de disciplines diverses ont, de 1950 à 1958, poursuivi des recherches intensives dans «m comté rural de la Nouvelle-Écosse. L’objectif des recherches était d'approfondir la nature des rapports entre la désintégration sociale et le déséquilibre psychologique sous toutes ses formes. Émile Gosselin et M.-Adalard Tremblay ont participé à ces investigations; ils consignent ici leurs principales observations sur un hameau qu’ils ont plus particulièrement étudié. Cette description ethnographique de "Loomervale" illustre les principes théoriques énoncés par les mêmes auteurs dans un article de la revue Service social (9, 3, octobre 1960): "Le continuum pauvreté-prospérité ; son utilité en tant qu’indicateur de désintégration sociale".

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19

PODENAS, SIGITAS, HONG YUL SEO, TAEWOO KIM, JUN MI HUR, A. YOUNG KIM, TERRY A. KLEIN, HEUNG CHUL KIM, TAE HWA KANG, and RASA AUKŠTIKALNIENĖ. "Dicranomyia crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea." Zootaxa 4595, no. 1 (May 3, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4595.1.1.

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A total of 38 Korean species of crane flies belonging to the genus Dicranomyia Stephens, 1829 (Diptera: Limoniidae: Limoniinae) are taxonomically revised. No species of Dicranomyia were previously reported from South Korea, and only twelve species were reported from North Korea. New records of Dicranomyia from the Korean Peninsula include: D. (Dicranomyia) depauperata Alexander, 1918, D. (D.) distendens pallida Savchenko, 1983, D. (D.) handlirschi handlirschi Lackschewitz, 1928, D. (D.) hyalinata (Zetterstedt, 1851), D. (D.) kandybinae Savchenko, 1987, D. (D.) longipennis (Schummel, 1829), D. (D.) mesosternatoides Alexander, 1924, D. (D.) modesta (Meigen, 1818), D. (D.) pammelas Alexander, 1925, D. (D.) poli (Alexander, 1941), D. (D.) sera (Walker, 1848), D. (D.) shinanoensis (Alexander, 1933), D. (D.) takeuchii Alexander, 1922, D. (D.) unispinosa Alexander, 1921, D. (Erostrata) globithorax Osten Sacken, 1869, D. (E.) globulithorax Alexander, 1924, D. (E.) yazuensis Kato et al., 2018, D. (Glochina) basifusca Alexander, 1919, D. (Melanolimonia) paramorio platysoma (Alexander, 1933), D. (Numantia) fusca (Meigen, 1804), D. (Sivalimnobia) euphileta (Alexander, 1924). Species D. (D.) byuni Podenas, sp. nov., D. (D.) cornuta Podenas, sp. nov., D. (D.) jirisana Podenas, sp. nov., D. (D.) petrasiuni Podenas, sp. nov., and D. (D.) yankovskyi Podenas, sp. nov. are described. An additional ten new records are reported from North Korea, bringing the total number of Dicranomyia species known from North Korea to 22 species. South Korea has a greater diversity of Dicranomyia with total number of 30 species. D. (D.) amurensis Alexander, 1925 is synonymised with D. (D.) hyalinata (Zetterstedt, 1851). An illustrated key with redescriptions and photographs of all species and both sexes of adults collected in Korea are presented. Most females are illustrated or described for the first time. Elevation range, period of activity, habitat information, general distribution and a distribution map in Korean Peninsula is given for each species.

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20

Farias, Maria de Fatima Diniz Baptista, Anna Kohn, and Ortrud Monika Barth. "Ultrastructural aspects of spermatogonesis in Metamicrocotyla macracantha (Alexander, 1954) Koratha, 1955 (Monogenea; Microcotylidae)." Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 90, no. 5 (October 1995): 597–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761995000500010.

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21

Baranov, Alexey N., Anna V. Andreyeva, Pavel P. Revako, and Natalya G. Istomina. "Professor A.M. Mazhbits." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 70, no. 3 (August 16, 2021): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd58100.

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Notable an obstetrician-gynecologist, urologist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Alexander Mazhbits made a great contribution to the history of medicine of the USSR and the annals of the Arkhangelsk state medical Institute (ASMI, now the North-State Medical University (NSMU)), where he headed the Department in 1953-1958. Being the author of over 120 scientific works and 7 books, many scientific inventions and publications on obstetric and gynecological urology and its history, he was a creator of the textbook Operative urogynecology, inventor and prominent scientist. Each operation for a particular urogynecological disease the author described in detail and step by step with the attachment of original visual drawings, photos or radiographs, diagrams of practical activities. Alexander Moiseevich was the first who proposed a new direction for the creation of urogynecology. Not specific urologists, surgeons or obstetricians-gynecologists should deal with this activities, but urogynecologists who consider the female pelvis as a whole. A.M. Mazhbits wrote: Obstetrics-gynecology and female urology are daughter cells of general pelvic surgery, they are twins of different ages, so closely related to each other genetically, clinically and practically that the boundaries between them are often smoothed out.

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22

Polivanov, Konstantin Mikhailovich. "B. L. PASTERNAK’S WHITE NIGHT AND K. I. CHUKOVSKY’S REMEMBERING ALEXANDER BLOK: CONCERNING THE PROSPECTS OF INTERACTION OF LYRICS AND MEMOIRS." Russkaya literatura 3 (2021): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2021-3-128-134.

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The article proposes a hypothesis concerning a previously unidentifi ed source for Boris Pasternak’s 1953 poem Belaia Noch’ (White Night), the fourth poem in the fi nal, poetic Part 17 of the novel Doctor Zhivago. The source in question, which likely served as the basis for the elements of the poem related to Alexander Blok, is an account of Blok’s reading of his poem Neznakomka (The Stranger) on the roof of Viacheslav Ivanov’s famous «Tower», an episode recorded in Korney Chuko-vsky’s memoirs, fi rst published in 1956. This episode was not included in the earlier versions of Chukovsky’s memoirs.

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23

Beilinson, Orel. "Alexander Prusin (1955–2018)." Zagłada Żydów. Studia i Materiały, no. 14 (December 2, 2018): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32927/zzsim.127.

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24

Hitchins, Keith. "Alexandru Duţu, 1928-1999." Slavic Review 58, no. 4 (1999): 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0037677900057259.

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25

Mumford, David, and John Tate. "Alexander Grothendieck (1928–2014)." Nature 517, no. 7534 (January 2015): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/517272a.

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26

Beilinson, Orel. "Alexander Prusin (1955–2018)." Slavic Review 77, no. 3 (2018): 870–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/slr.2018.277.

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27

Bahn, Paul G. "Alexander Marshack, 1918–2004." Antiquity 79, no. 304 (June 2005): 489–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00114437.

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28

Rustad, Jim. "Daniel Alexander 1952–2012." Forestry Chronicle 89, no. 01 (February 2013): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2013-017.

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29

Lushchak, Oleh. "Alexander Vaiserman (1957–2021)." Biogerontology 22, no. 4 (June 28, 2021): 375–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10522-021-09927-w.

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30

PODENAS, SIGITAS, and HYE-WOO BYUN. "Libnotes crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Jeju Island (South Korea)." Zootaxa 4483, no. 2 (September 21, 2018): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4483.2.9.

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The Korean species of Libnotes (Laosa) Edwards, 1926 and L. (Libnotes) Westwood, 1876 from Jeju Island are taxonomically revised. L. (Laosa) charmosyne (Alexander, 1958) and L. (Libnotes) divaricata (Alexander, 1924) are new records for South Korea and L. (Libnotes) byersiana n. sp. is described. An identification key for all Korean Libnotes, redescriptions and illustrations of the three currently known Jeju species are presented.

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31

Scott, G. "Michael Alexander Reykers Freeman BA (Cantab) 1953, MB BCh (Cantab)1956, FRCS 1959, MD (Cantab) 1964, MD Hc (Swe) 1992 - (1931 to 2017)." Bone & Joint Journal 99-B, no. 11 (November 2017): 1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.99b11.bjj-2017-1156.

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32

Krivosheev, Yuriy V., and Roman A. Sokolov. "Investigation of the USSR Academy of Science Expedition to Establish the Exact Location of the Battle on the Ice (1957–58): Archival Materials." Herald of an archivist, no. 1 (2021): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2021-1-82-92.

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Study of archival documents of the Combined Expedition to Establish the Exact Location of the Battle on the Ice maintains increasing interest in Alexander Nevsky's life and impact of his military victories. Expansion of the source base on this topic is the authors’ key goal. They draw on unpublished journals of the expedition head Karaev G. N. in order to clarify most important aspect of the work conducted under his direction – large-scale exploration of the lake Peipus (Chudskoye) basin in 1957–58. According to the sources, this work was performed by specialized agencies; underwater diving was performed by professional divers. Initial locations of the search were set using information obtained from locals and results of the sounding. All results were recorded in acts, especially those not witnessed by Karaev himself (he could neither dive, nor work with special equipment). As early as in 1957, a “flat rock” was found in the shallow waters between Stanok and Vorony Islands, which was formed by a 30x10 m sandstone rock with an adjacent wall. In 1958, the artificial origin of this wall was proved; it was built in the 15th century and became submerged when the waters had risen. Survey of its stone showed that it rose above the surface in the 13th century, thus being a visible milestone, probably, the “Crow rock” (Voronii kamen’) of the chronicle. Due to structural features of the rock it rapidly deteriorated after the water level rise. Presently, the former “rock” remains only as a sandbank. No artifacts related to the 1242 events were found. This fact was scientifically described and documented by physicists who studied the rock with metal detectors. We need to consider the expedition acts in assessment of Karavaev’s results. It makes publication of these materials quite significant.

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33

Monday, Chris. "1928." Russian History 42, no. 3 (September 3, 2015): 304–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763316-04203003.

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This article describes the Soviet ‘educational-adventure’ film Albidum: A Victory over the Sun (1928). This movie romanticized the peasant household, cooperatives, and genetics. Abram Bragin (an organizer of the Jewish colonization of the Crimea) and the agricultural economist Alexander Chayanov wrote its scenario. This article places the movie in the context of Russian populism and Stalinist collectivization.

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34

Jackson, Allyn, Michael Artin, David Mumford, and John Tate. "Alexandre Grothendieck, 1928-2014, Part 1." Notices of the American Mathematical Society 63, no. 03 (March 1, 2016): 242–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/noti1336.

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35

Jackson, Allyn, Michael Artin, David Mumford, John Tate, Yves Ladegaillerie, Stephen Lichtenbaum, Pierre Lochak, et al. "Alexandre Grothendieck, 1928–2014, Part 2." Notices of the American Mathematical Society 63, no. 04 (April 1, 2016): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/noti1361.

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36

Gatti, José. "Imagens vigiadas: cinema e guerra fria no Brasil, 1945-1954." Rebeca - Revista Brasileira de Estudos de Cinema e Audiovisual 2, no. 1 (July 25, 2016): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22475/rebeca.v2n1.299.

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37

HERRERO, JAVIER. "Alexander A. Parker (1908-1989)." Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 67, no. 2 (April 1990): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/bhs.67.2.177.

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38

Salihu, Hamisu. "Greg Roy Alexander, 1950–2007." Epidemiology 18, no. 4 (July 2007): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ede.0b013e318064673c.

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39

Sakula, Alex. "Sir Alexander Fleming (1881–1955)." Journal of Medical Biography 12, no. 1 (February 2004): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096777200401200105.

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40

French, John D. "Robert Jackson Alexander (1918 – 2010)." Hispanic American Historical Review 91, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 163–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-2010-090.

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41

McIntyre, Neil. "Sir Alexander Fleming (1881–1955)." Journal of Medical Biography 15, no. 4 (November 2007): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/j.jmb.2007.05-72.

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42

Berger, H. "Sir Alexander Fleming, 1881-1955." Clinical Cardiology 12, no. 2 (February 1989): 110–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clc.4960120210.

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43

Yaglom, A. M. "Alexander Mikhailovich Obukhov, 1918?1989." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 53, no. 1-2 (October 1990): v—xi. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00122458.

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44

Herrero, Javier. "Alexander A. Parker (1908–1989)." Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 67, no. 2 (April 1990): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1475382902000367177.

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45

Callaway, Frank. "Obituary: Gerda Alexander (1908–1994)." International Journal of Music Education os-25, no. 1 (May 1995): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/025576149502500108.

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46

McGarvey, Francis X. "Alexander J. Siber (1953–1989)." Reactive Polymers 12, no. 1 (February 1990): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0923-1137(90)90057-b.

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47

Schreffler, Michael J. "New Spanish Art in the Weddell Collection in Richmond, Virginia, Usa: a Preliminary Catalog." Anales del Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas 24, no. 81 (August 7, 2012): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iie.18703062e.2002.81.2123.

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Este artículo presenta un estudio y catálogo preliminar de un conjunto de obras de arte coleccionadas en México entre 1924 y 1928 por Alexander Weddell (1876-1948), cónsul general de los Estados Unidos de América, y su esposa, Virginia Chase Steedman Weddell (1874-1948). Mientras que otros extranjeros que conocieron el México de principios del siglo xx coleccionaron arte popular y obras de pintores contemporáneos, los Weddell se interesaron más en lo que llamaron “antigüedades”. Su colección, que hoy en día pertenece a la Virginia Historical Society en Richmond, Virginia, eu, consta de varias obras del siglo XVIII, entre ellas una pintura de la Virgen de Ocotlán, un juego de pequeños lienzos ovalados con episodios del martirio de santa Inés, dos biombos —uno con una serie de escenas de caza y el otro con imágenes del Horatii Emblemata de Otto van Veen—, una parte de una sillería del coro, una escultura de la Virgen de los Dolores y varios textiles y obras de arte decorativo. Los Weddell reunieron su colección para decorar la “Casa Virginia”, que posteriormente sería su domicilio permanente, asistidos en sus adquisiciones por René d’Harnoncourt, expatriado austriaco y corredor de arte. La escasa información sobre la procedencia de las obras se encuentra en Description of Virginia House, libro escrito por Alexander Weddell en 1947, y en la correspondencia entre Weddell y su esposa durante el periodo que residieron en México.

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48

Emerson, Caryl. "The Russian Revolution as fantastic synaesthetic event (Sigizmund Krzhizhanovskii and Vladimir Sharov)." Journal of European Studies 50, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047244119894191.

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This essay introduces two experimental Russian writers, Sigizmund Krzhizhanovskii (1887–1950) from the Soviet era and Vladimir Sharov (1952–2018) from the post-Soviet period, through their depictions of the Revolution and Civil War. Both attempt to ‘estrange’ this horrific period by drawing on unusual sensory input – smells, for example, or textures and densities – thus allowing the reader to bypass the brute political event in favour of its ‘feel’. The analysed texts include an olfactory history of the revolutionary years inspired by the composer Alexander Skriabin from Sharov’s 1993 novel Before & During, and a dream-sequence involving a toad in Krzhizhanovskii’s fantastic parable from 1931, ‘Bridge over the Styx’. The resulting narratives are, of course, still moral and political tales, but grounded more universally.

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49

Pellerin, Denys. "Éloge de Maurice-Alexandre Guéniot (1918-2008)." Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine 194, no. 7 (October 2010): 1189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-4079(19)32201-0.

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50

Djanikian, Gregory. "Suez War: Alexandria, 1956." Iowa Review 35, no. 3 (December 2005): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0021-065x.6078.

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