Relevant bibliographies by topics / Alfalfa Legumes

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Academic literature on the topic 'Alfalfa Legumes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Alfalfa Legumes"

1

Wilson, Robert G. "Effect of Imazethapyr on Legumes and the Effect of Legumes on Weeds." Weed Technology 8, no. 3 (September 1994): 536–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00039646.

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A three-year experiment was conducted near Scottsbluff, NE, to evaluate the selectivity of POST-applied imazethapyr for weed control in alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, cicer milkvetch, red clover, sainfoin, and yellow sweetclover. Imazethapyr injured all legumes 15 DAT. Imazethapyr also reduced the height of birdsfoot trefoil, cicer milkvetch, red clover, and yellow sweeclover 28 DAT. Legume first cutting yields were not reduced by imazethapyr and with alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, cicer milkvetch, and sainfoin, first cutting yields were increased by imazethapyr. Imazethapyr reduced weed biomass in all legume seedings. Weed biomass in new seedings of alfalfa was reduced more than that of the other legumes.
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2

Malik, Najib, and John Waddington. "Weed Control Strategies for Forage Legumes." Weed Technology 3, no. 2 (June 1989): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00031821.

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Tolerance and subsequent yield response of established alfalfa, red clover, alsike clover, sainfoin, birdsfoot trefoil, and cicer milkvetch to sethoxydim and fluazifop spring applied and to hexazinone, metribuzin, and terbacil fall applied were determined in a field study. All legumes tolerated sethoxydim. Fluazifop was safe on all legumes except sainfoin. Alfalfa and cicer milkvetch tolerated hexazinone, metribuzin, and terbacil. Alfalfa dry matter yield was not affected by any of the herbicide treatments, but cumulative cicer milkvetch yield increased 9% over a 3-yr period with hexazinone applications. Sainfoin yield increased 20% with hexazinone and terbacil treatment. Hexazinone injured red clover and reduced yield. Alsike clover was the most susceptible legume to the residual herbicides. Weed dry matter yield associated with the legumes indicated that alfalfa and sainfoin were the most and the least competitive species, respectively. Plots treated with hexazinone contained the least amount of weeds, regardless of the legume species. Field peas seeded in rotation was not affected by herbicide residues; however, residues from terbacil applied at 1.0 kg/ha reduced seed yield of lentils.
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3

Kielly, G. A., P. G. Jefferson, T. Lawrence, and R. B. Irvine. "Evaluation of sainfoin-alfalfa mixtures for forage production and compatibility at a semi-arid location in southern Saskatchewan." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 74, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 785–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps94-140.

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an adapted pasture legume for the semi-arid region of western Canada but its use is restricted because of ruminant bloat hazard. Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) is a non-bloat-inducing forage legume that yields less forage than alfalfa in this region. Mixture of these legumes may mitigate respective weaknesses by combining their strengths. The objective of this research was to determine the stability of seed-mixture (two legumes seeded in the same row) compared to legume monoculture and alternate row seeding (two legumes seeded in separate but adjacent rows). Three trials were seeded on dryland sites at Swift Current, Saskatchewan, in 1977, 1986, and 1987. Treatments varied from the first trial to the last three but all trials allowed comparison of seed-mixture seeding to monoculture and alternate row swards. In the first and second trials, seed-mixture species composition shifted to alfalfa domination (> 90% alfalfa) over 5 yr more quickly than alternate row, presumably due to interspecific competition. In the other trial, seed-mixture was dominated by alfalfa within 2 yr after seeding due to drought stress. We concluded that sainfoin-alfalfa mixtures are not stable or sustainable in this semi-arid environment. Key words: Competition, ruminant bloat, onobrychis, seeding pattern
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Fairey, N. A., L. P. Lefkovitch, B. E. Coulman, D. T. Fairey, T. Kunelius, D. B. McKenzie, R. Michaud, and W. G. Thomas. "Cross-Canada comparison of the productivity of fodder galega (Galega orientalis Lam.) with traditional herbage legumes." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 80, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 793–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p99-162.

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A study was conducted across Canada to compare the herbage productivity of fodder galega (Galega orientalis Lam.) to that of traditional forage legumes, in order to assess its agricultural potential. Trials were established at latitudes ranging from 45 to 56°N with longitudes from 52°W (St. John's, Newfoundland) to 120°W (Dawson Creek, British Columbia). Herbage productivity was monitored for a maximum of 3 production years. The establishment characteristics of Gale fodder galega were comparable to those of Apica and Beaver alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Altaswede red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), and somewhat superior to those of Dawn Alsike clover (T. hybridum L.) and Leo trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.). Anik alfalfa (M. falcata L.) was far less uniform and vigorous in its establishment than any of the other species. The average annual dry matter yield of fodder galega ranked third among the seven legumes when averaged over the nine sites; it produced 5545 (SE 95) kg ha−1 compared to 3931 (SE 72) kg ha−1 for Dawn alsike clover, the lowest-yielding crop, and 6673 (SE 114) kg ha−1 for Apica alfalfa, the highest-yielding. The cumulative dry matter yields indicated that Gale galega is at least as well adapted across Canada as the other legumes, except possibly at Saskatoon where the M. sativa alfalfas were far superior to all the other legumes in their ability to establish and thrive. The performance characteristics of Gale fodder galega indicate that it has considerable agricultural potential as an additional, perennial, herbage legume for many regions of Canada, except in the semi-arid continental climate of the central Prairies where its growth may be limited by high air temperature and/or insufficient soil moisture. Key words: Fodder galega, Galega orientalis Lam., goat's rue, herbage production, forage legume
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Miller, Amanda J., Vagner M. Leite, Linda M. Hall, and Edward W. Bork. "Forage Legume Establishment under Exposure to Progressive Declines in Aminocyclopyrachlor and Aminopyralid in Temperate Pastures." Agronomy 10, no. 3 (March 13, 2020): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10030392.

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Legumes such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) increase forage productivity and quality in northern temperate pastures, but require re-establishment following broadleaf weed control using herbicides. To quantify the residual effects of two herbicides (aminocyclopyrachlor and aminopyralid) on potential legume re-establishment we examined alfalfa and clover recruitment at two field sites over two years. Sites were over-seeded with alfalfa and clover to populate the seed bank, and then sprayed with herbicide, after which seedling densities were monitored in late summer and fall of the current growing season. Defoliation (via mowing) effects were also assessed to evaluate the role of vegetation competition on legume establishment. Herbicides were applied at recommended rates (1.0), and 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.0625, and 0 times recommended field rates, emulating exponential herbicide degradation (one through four half-lives). Alfalfa and white clover seedling densities were negatively impacted by all rates of herbicide, with modestly greater negative impacts from aminopyralid than aminocyclopyrachlor, although responses to herbicides remained site and legume specific. Reductions in alfalfa and clover were particularly evident through the 0.25 (i.e., two half-life) herbicide rate, with reductions in alfalfa ranging from 78% to 95%, and in clover from 73% to 88%. Legume densities at the 0.125 (three half-life) rate were 39%–68% lower than those in nonsprayed control plots. Our results suggest that at least three half-lives of degradation must occur, and likely four or more, before these legumes can re-establish at densities acceptable for pasture production. These findings have implications for producers seeking to promptly re-establish forage legumes within pastures sprayed for broadleaf weed control in northern temperate regions.
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Swanton, C. J., K. Chandler, and A. Shrestha. "Control of established alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) in a no-till corn (Zea mays L.) cropping sequence." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 78, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 175–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p97-058.

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Evaluation of several herbicides for the control of alfalfa and red clover in a legume-corn no-till system showed that spring burn-down of the legumes may be preferred to fall burn-down. Spring application gave similar or greater control of these species than fall applications. Treatments with dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) at 0.6 kg ha−1 were the most effective in controlling red clover and alfalfa. Key words: Weed control, perennial legumes, spring application, fall application
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7

Rice, W. A., P. E. Olsen, L. D. Bailey, V. O. Biederbeck, and A. E. Slinkard. "The use of annual legume green-manure crops as a substitute for summerfallow in the Peace River region." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 73, no. 2 (May 1, 1993): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss93-026.

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Field studies were conducted on a Landry clay-loam soil (Black Solod) to evaluate the effects of green manuring Tangier flatpea (Lathyrus tingitanus 'Tinga'), lentil (Lens culinaris 'Indianhead') and alfalfa (Medicago sativa 'Moapa') on subsequent barley (Hordeum vulgare 'Galt') crops. Each trial consisted of separate legume phases planted in 1984, 1985 and 1986 and barley phases in each of the subsequent years. The flatpea and lentil were incorporated (green manured) in late July or in late August to early September. The alfalfa was incorporated in late August to early September. The 3-yr mean dry matter (DM) yields of lentil and Tangier flatpea varied from 1047 to 2308 kg ha−1, with considerable variability from year to year. Alfalfa, used as an annual legume, produced 812 kg DM ha−1. Dinitrogen fixation by the annual legumes, as assayed by acetylene reduction was 16 kg N ha−1 or less. Soil moisture measurements following the legumes showed 2–3 cm less water in the profile to a depth of 120 cm following alfalfa and late-incorporated Tangier flatpea than following summerfallow and early-incorporated lentil and Tangier flatpea. Ammonium-N levels in the soil were similar following the various legume green-manure treatments. Nitrate-N levels following the legumes were variable, but the levels of nitrate-N in the plots following legume incorporation generally followed the order: fallow > early incorporation > late incorporation. The grain and N yield of barley following early-incorporated lentil and flatpea were equal to or only slightly less than the yield following fallow, suggesting that annual legumes have a good potential as green-manure crops in place of fallow in Black Solod soils of the Peace River region. Key words: Legume plow-down, soil conservation, dinitrogen fixation, soil moisture, nitrate-N
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Prévost, Danielle, Pascal Drouin, Serge Laberge, Annick Bertrand, Jean Cloutier, and Gabriel Lévesque. "Cold-adapted rhizobia for nitrogen fixation in temperate regions." Canadian Journal of Botany 81, no. 12 (December 1, 2003): 1153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b03-113.

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Rhizobia from Canadian soils were selected for cold adaptation with the aim of improving productivity of legumes that are subjected to cool temperatures during the growing season. One approach was to use rhizobia associated with legume species indigenous to arctic and subarctic regions: (i) Mesorhizobium sp. isolated from Astragalus and Oxytropis spp. and (ii) Rhizobium leguminosarum from Lathryrus spp. The majority of these rhizobia are considered psychrotrophs because they can grow at 0 °C. The advantages of cold adaptation of arctic Mesorhizobium to improve legume symbiosis were demonstrated with the temperate forage legume sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia). In laboratory and field studies, arctic rhizobia were more efficient than temperate (commercial) rhizobia in improving growth of sainfoin and were more competitive in forming nodules. Biochemical studies on cold adaptation showed higher synthesis of cold shock proteins in cold-adapted than in nonadapted arctic rhizobia. Since arctic Mesorhizobium cannot nodulate agronomically important legumes, the nodulation genes and the bacterial signals (Nod factors) were characterized as a first step to modifying the host specificity of nodulation. Another valuable approach was to screen for cold adaptation, that is, rhizobia naturally associated with agronomic legumes cultivated in temperate areas. A superior strain of Sinorhizobium meliloti adapted for nodulation of alfalfa at low temperatures was selected and was the most efficient for improving growth of alfalfa in laboratory and field studies. This strain also performed well in improving regrowth of alfalfa after overwintering under cold and anaerobic (ice encasement) stresses, indicating a possible cross-adaptation of selected rhizobia for various abiotic stresses inherent to temperate climates.Key words: cold adaptation, legumes, symbiotic efficiency, cold shock protein, nodulation genes, anaerobiosis.
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Peoples, M. B., J. Brockwell, J. R. Hunt, A. D. Swan, L. Watson, R. C. Hayes, G. D. Li, et al. "Factors affecting the potential contributions of N2 fixation by legumes in Australian pasture systems." Crop and Pasture Science 63, no. 9 (2012): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12123.

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The amounts of foliage nitrogen (N) fixed by various annual and perennial legumes growing in Australian pastures range from <10 to >250 kg N/ha.year. Differences in N2 fixation result from variations in the proportion of the legume-N derived from atmospheric N2 (%Ndfa) and/or the amount of legume-N accumulated during growth. On-farm surveys of %Ndfa achieved by legumes growing in farmers’ paddocks in Australia indicated that N2 fixation contributed >65% of the legume’s N requirements in three-quarters of the annual legumes examined, but this decreased to two-thirds of lucerne (Medicago sativa; also known as alfalfa), and half of white clover (Trifolium repens) samples. Factors such as low numbers or the poor effectiveness of rhizobial strains in the soil, water stress, high soil concentrations of N, and nutrient disorders contribute to poor nodulation and %Ndfa values <65%, but there is also evidence that the observed %Ndfa can be dependent on the legume species present, and whether the legume is grown in a pure stand or in a mixed sward. The accumulation of legume-N relates primarily to the legume content and net productivity of the pasture. For many legume species, ~20 kg of shoot-N is fixed on average for every tonne of herbage dry matter produced. Legume productivity can be influenced by (i) sowing and establishment techniques and other strategies that enhance the legume content in pasture swards; (ii) the amelioration of soil constraints; (iii) the use of new legume species (and host–rhizobial strain combinations) that are more tolerant of hostile soil environments than subterranean clover (T. subterraneum) or annual medics (Medicago spp); and (iv) the inclusion of perennials such as lucerne to offset the year-to-year variability in productivity and N2 fixation that is a common occurrence with annual legumes.
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De Rosa, G., V. Fedele, F. Napolitano, L. Gubitosi, A. Bordi, and R. Rubino. "Dietary preferences in adult and juvenile goats." Animal Science 65, no. 3 (December 1997): 457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800008651.

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AbstractSix adult and six juvenile goats were used to estimate their feeding preferences when three grasses (ryegrass, barley and brome) and two legumes (clover and alfalfa) were tested. Each grass was separately tested with both clover and alfalfa. A comparison between alfalfa and clover was also performed. The plants were harvested just before their utilization, chopped into 4- to 6-cm pieces and offered to the animals in plastic baskets. Preferences were evaluated by means of a series of seven short-term trials. Each short-term trial consisted of two single-food presentations and one choice-presentation. In the first single-food presentation animals received one of the two plants to be tested. In the second single-food presentation they were offered the alternative plant species. In the choice presentation they received the two species simultaneously. During each presentation animals were allowed to eat for 20 min or take a maximum of 50 bites. In the single-food presentations bite rate, bite mass and intake rate of both juvenile and adult animals were influenced by the plant species offered. Indeed, all goats tended to display a higher intake rate and bite mass for grasses than for legumes. A grass/legume ratio of the intake rates was also computed for each grass-legume comparison. These ratios tended to be higher for juvenile than for adult goats. The results of the choice presentations indicated that food preferences were not affected by age as all goats preferred grasses to legumes and clover over alfalfa. This experiment showed that age may not play an important role in the development of food preferences.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alfalfa Legumes"

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Gregory, Abigail C. E. "The metabolism of isoflavonoid phytoalexins in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)." Thesis, Durham University, 1995. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5422/.

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The synthesis of isoflavonoid phytoalexins in legumes is relatively well understood, but far less is known about how these phytotoxic compounds are metabolised by the plant when no longer required. In this project medicarpin, the major isoflavonoid phytoalexin in alfalfa, was prepared in radiolabelled form and fed to cell cultures and seedlings of alfalfa. The metabolism of the radioactive phytoalexin was then studied by characterising the radiolabelled metabolites formed. Uptake of radiolabelled phytoalexin by cells was faster in elicitor-treated cultures than in untreated cultures. However, there was little difference in pattern or speed of metabolism in treated or untreated cultures. Labelled medicarpin was rapidly metabolised to a complex range of extractable medicarpin products (MPs). A very small proportion of the dose was broken down to (^14)C02. A total of 8 MPs could be resolved as distinct metabolites by HPLC and TLC. However, as incubation time increased the radioactivity became associated with multiple minor components which could not be identified. The 8 MPs were characterised by UV and mass-spectrometry and where possible by co- chromatography with authentic standards by TLC and HPLC. Four MPs were unambiguously identified as medicarpin-3-0-glucoside-6"-O-malonate (MGM), the isoflavans vestitol and sativan and the pterocarpan 6a-hydroxy-3,4'- dimethoxypterocarpan (variabilin). In addition a hydroxylated derivative of medicarpin, termed pseudomedicarpin was also tentatively identified. Of the four remaining metabolites MPl had a relative molecular mass of 166 but remained unidentified. MP2 was formed from pseudomedicarpin, but could not be characterised due to its labile nature. Similarly MP3 and MP6 remained unidentified, though the evidence suggested that MPS was a demethylated product of medicarpin. The metabolism of medicarpin in seedlings resembled that of cell cultures with the exception that rather more of the medicarpin was conjugated to form MGM.
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2

Armour, Ian. "Intercropping corn (Zea mays L.) with forage legumes to suppress yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.)." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59300.

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A two year study was conducted to investigate the effect of intercropping corn with alfalfa or red clover with or without an initial application of the herbicide EPTC$ sp+$ (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate + R-25788 antidote) on the weed yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.). EPTC$ sp+$ applied prior to crop seeding in 1984 significantly reduced yellow nutsedge shoot growth in the first year but did not significantly reduce tuber populations. EPTC$ sp+$ significantly improved corn silage and grain yield and alfalfa establishment in the first year but did not significantly improve red clover establishment. In the second year, a trend of superior forage legume establishment and lower yellow nutsedge shoot production was observed in those treatments established the previous year with EPTC$ sp+$. Over the two year period, yellow nutsedge tuber populations in treatments established with EPTC$ sp+$ were significantly greater in the monocropped corn treatment than in any other treatment. In treatments established without a herbicide, yellow nutsedge tuber populations were also greatest in the monocropped corn treatment.
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Blackburn, Lynda G. "Quantification and estimation of nitrous oxide emissions from dairy manure applications in a western Quebec pea-forage and an eastern Ontario alfalfa-forage cropping system : by Lynda G. Blackburn." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100771.

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Agricultural systems are known to emit nitrous oxide (N2O)---a potent greenhouse gas. The roving flux tower measuring system of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada was used to make continuous measurements of N2O fluxes in an edible pea field in Western Quebec in 2003-04 and then in an alfalfa-timothy forage field in Eastern Ontario in 2004-05. The experiment was designed to capture, at the field scale, the expected large N2O emissions occurring as a result of fertilizer application for a year, in relation to both large precipitation events and spring thaw.
Growing season N2O emissions averaged 0.5 to 5 mg N2 O-N m-2 d-1 with peaks following snow melt (between 5 and 8 mg N2O-N m-2 d-1) and manure applications (8 to 37 mg N2O-N m-2 d -1). Although generally small (<0.25 mg N2O-N m -2 d-1), emissions were detectable during the fall and winter, indicating the importance of including them in annual emission totals.
The measurements were used to verify the performance of the simulation model DNDC (DeNitrification-DeComposition) in estimating N2O emissions from legumes and in response to dairy manure application. Sensitivity tests were also carried out in which baseline input values were modified. Results suggest that the current model version (DNDC8.9) requires further modification prior to application for estimating greenhouse gas emissions in national accounting systems.
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Tian, Lining Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "Gene transfer, gene expression, and somatic embryogenesis in two legume species: soybean and alfalfa." Ottawa, 1995.

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Barlow, Rebecca Louise. "Yield, Quality, and Botanical Composition of AUtumn-Accumulated Grass-Legume Mixtures and Digestibility of Ensiled Autumn-Accumulated Orchardgrass and Alfalfa." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9841.

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Beef cattle producers in the southeastern US often stockpile forage in late summer to extend the grazing season and reduce feeding costs. Three stockpiled grass-legume mixtures were evaluated for winter grazing. In addition, stockpiled forages were ensiled and evaluated as livestock feed. Four accumulation dates and seven harvest dates were randomized to small plots of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) -red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) -red clover, and orchardgrass-alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). The amount of grass and legume in the fescue-red clover mixture shifted from less than 30% grass and more than 60% legume in October to over 60% grass and less than 10% legume in April. All forage mixtures contained at least 15% CP from November to March. Fescue-red clover was higher in TNC and lower in NDF, ADF and cellulose in January and March than the orchardgrass-legume mixtures. Fescue-red clover was higher in yield than the orchardgrass-legume mixtures from November to February. Delaying stockpiling until September 1 or 15 increased (P <.05) legume content and decreased dead grass content in orchardgrass-clover and orchardgrass-alfalfa. Accumulating growth from September 15 increased percent CP in fescue-red clover and orchardgrass-clover, compared to August 15, and decreased percent NDF in all forage mixtures. Percent IVDMD increased in orchardgrass-clover when stockpiling was delayed until September 15. May yields decreased only in orchardgrass-alfalfa when stockpiling was delayed until September. Orchardgrass stockpiled on August 3 and September 3, and alfalfa stockpiled on September 3 were ensiled alone. Chemical composition of silages was determined after 90 d of fermentation. Silages averaged 16.0% CP and 44.7% NDF. Digestibility of the ensiled stockpiled forages was estimated using acid insoluble ash as a marker with 18 wether lambs. No differences were observed in DM or CP digestibility, but NDF digestibility was lower for alfalfa silage than for orchardgrass silages. All stockpiled grass-legume mixtures provided high quality winter grazing, and all silages were of good quality and digestibility. Fescue-red clover maintained both good quality and higher yield than the other mixtures. Ensiling stockpiled alfalfa and orchard grass provided a method of maintaining CP and digestibility for subsequent feeding.
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Cox, Steven R. "Forage Yield and Quality of Binary Grass-Legume Mixtures of Tall Fescue, Orchardgrass, Meadow Brome, Alfalfa, Birdsfoot Trefoil, and Cicer Milkvetch." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4998.

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Rising fertilizer prices have led a return to the use of grass-legume mixtures to reduce N costs and improve pasture productivity. The objective of this study was to determine optimal species combinations of binary grass-legume mixtures to improve forage production and pasture nutritive value in irrigated pastures of the Intermountain West. The study was conducted at the Utah State University Intermountain Pature Research Facility near Lewiston, UT. Tall Fescue (TF), Orchardgrass (OG), and meadow brome (MB) were grown with alfalfa (ALF), birdsfoot trefoil (BFTF), and cicer milkvetch (CMV) in legume-grass mixes and monocultures at planting ratios of 25:75, 50:50, 75:25. Grass monocultures were fertilized with 0 (0 N), 67 (67 N), or 134 kg N ha-1 (134 N). Forage was harvested four times each season during 2011-2012. Forage of the mixtures and monocultures from the first and third harvests was analyzed for crude protein (CP) and neutral-detergent fiber (NDF). Average forage production of the unfertilized TF, MB, and OG monocultures was 11.03, 9.76, and 8.10 Mg ha-1, respectively. TF-ALF, OG-ALF, and MB-ALF grass-legume mixes averaged 24.0, 35.0, and 41.0% higher forage production than their respective unfertilized grass monocultures. The grass-legume mixtures with the highest CP were MB-ALF 159, TF-ALF 159, and TF-OG-159 g kg-1 and average 59, 43 and 51% higher than their respective unfertilized grass monocultures. Likewise, the mixtures with the lowest NDF were OG-ALF 453 g kg-1, OG-BFTF 469 g kg-1, and MB-ALF 480 g kg-1. These mixtures had 10, 7, and 18% lower NDF than their respective unfertilized grass monocultures. Individual harvests had similarly higher yields and CP, with lower NDF for the mixtures than the unfertilized grass monocultures. The grass-legume mixture with the 50:50 planting ratio were most productive and had high forage quality. The grass-legume mixtures had similar forage production as the grass monocultures at 134 kg N ha-1. The grass-legume mixtures also had higher CP and lower NDF than the grass monocultures. Cicer milkvetch did not perform well in irrigated pastures. Grass-legume mixtures with ALF and BFTF can be used to replace commercial N while increasing forage nutritive value.
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Netto, Diego Peres [UNESP]. "Desempenho e comportamento de vacas leiteiras em pastagem de alfafa suplementada com silagem de milho e concentrado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104118.

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Objetivou-se avaliar como a substituição parcial de silagem de milho por pastagem de alfafa afeta o desempenho de vacas leiteiras e a viabilidade econômica do sistema. Usaramse 24 vacas da raça Holandesa, em estádio médio de lactação, num delineamento em blocos ao acaso. O período experimental durou 84 dias. Os tratamentos foram: dieta à base de silagem de milho em confinamento; ou silagem de milho substituída parcialmente por pastejo restrito (limitado a quatro horas/dia) ou irrestrito de alfafa. O pastejo foi rotacionado, e a quantidade de concentrado igual (4,5 kg de MS/vaca/dia) em todos os tratamentos. A massa de forragem foi 2338,0 e 1878,0 kg de MS/ha e a oferta, 1,8 e 4,2 kg MS/100 kg PV, nos tratamentos pastejo restrito e irrestrito, respectivamente. A produção de leite não diferiu entre tratamentos, cujas médias foram 25,9±1; 25,8±1 e 25,2±1 litros/vaca/dia no confinamento, pastejo restrito e pastejo irrestrito, respectivamente. A produção de leite por área foi 59 litros/ha/dia no pastejo restrito e 63 litros/ha/dia no pastejo irrestrito, enquanto no confinamento foi 48 litros/ha/dia. A substituição parcial de silagem de milho por alfafa em pastejo não limitou o desempenho produtivo dos animais e mostrou-se economicamente vantajosa em relação ao confinamento.
The objective was to evaluate how the partial replacement of corn silage with alfafa grazing affects dairy cow performance and profitability. Twenty four Holstein dairy cows in mid-lactation were used in a randomized block design. The experimental period lasted 84 days. The treatments were: a corn silage-based diet fed on drylot; or partial replacement of corn silage with either restricted alfalfa grazing (limited to 4 hours/day) or unrestricted grazing. A rotational grazing system was used and the amount of concentrate fed was the same (4.5 kg of DM/cow/day) for all treatments. Forage availability was 2,338.0 and 1,878.0 kg DM/ha and forage-on-offer was 1.8 and 4.2 kg DM/100 kg LW under restricted or unrestricted grazing, respectively. No difference in milk production/cow/day was observed among treatments. Mean milk production was 25.9±1, 25.8±1 and 25.2±1 liters/cow/day for feedlot, restricted grazing or unrestricted grazing, respectively. Milk production per hectare was 59 liters/day under restricted grazing and 63 liters/day under unrestricted grazing, whereas it was 48 liters/day on drylot. The partial replacement of corn silage by alfalfa grazing did not limit animal performance and was shown to be economically advantageous as compared to drylot feeding.
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Netto, Diego Peres 1978. "Desempenho e comportamento de vacas leiteiras em pastagem de alfafa suplementada com silagem de milho e concentrado /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104118.

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Orientador: Francisco Stefano Wechsler
Banca: Ciniro Costa
Banca: Paulo Roberto de Lima Meirelles
Banca: Armando de Andrade Rodrigues
Banca: Mauro Del Secco
Resumo: Objetivou-se avaliar como a substituição parcial de silagem de milho por pastagem de alfafa afeta o desempenho de vacas leiteiras e a viabilidade econômica do sistema. Usaramse 24 vacas da raça Holandesa, em estádio médio de lactação, num delineamento em blocos ao acaso. O período experimental durou 84 dias. Os tratamentos foram: dieta à base de silagem de milho em confinamento; ou silagem de milho substituída parcialmente por pastejo restrito (limitado a quatro horas/dia) ou irrestrito de alfafa. O pastejo foi rotacionado, e a quantidade de concentrado igual (4,5 kg de MS/vaca/dia) em todos os tratamentos. A massa de forragem foi 2338,0 e 1878,0 kg de MS/ha e a oferta, 1,8 e 4,2 kg MS/100 kg PV, nos tratamentos pastejo restrito e irrestrito, respectivamente. A produção de leite não diferiu entre tratamentos, cujas médias foram 25,9±1; 25,8±1 e 25,2±1 litros/vaca/dia no confinamento, pastejo restrito e pastejo irrestrito, respectivamente. A produção de leite por área foi 59 litros/ha/dia no pastejo restrito e 63 litros/ha/dia no pastejo irrestrito, enquanto no confinamento foi 48 litros/ha/dia. A substituição parcial de silagem de milho por alfafa em pastejo não limitou o desempenho produtivo dos animais e mostrou-se economicamente vantajosa em relação ao confinamento.
Abstract: The objective was to evaluate how the partial replacement of corn silage with alfafa grazing affects dairy cow performance and profitability. Twenty four Holstein dairy cows in mid-lactation were used in a randomized block design. The experimental period lasted 84 days. The treatments were: a corn silage-based diet fed on drylot; or partial replacement of corn silage with either restricted alfalfa grazing (limited to 4 hours/day) or unrestricted grazing. A rotational grazing system was used and the amount of concentrate fed was the same (4.5 kg of DM/cow/day) for all treatments. Forage availability was 2,338.0 and 1,878.0 kg DM/ha and forage-on-offer was 1.8 and 4.2 kg DM/100 kg LW under restricted or unrestricted grazing, respectively. No difference in milk production/cow/day was observed among treatments. Mean milk production was 25.9±1, 25.8±1 and 25.2±1 liters/cow/day for feedlot, restricted grazing or unrestricted grazing, respectively. Milk production per hectare was 59 liters/day under restricted grazing and 63 liters/day under unrestricted grazing, whereas it was 48 liters/day on drylot. The partial replacement of corn silage by alfalfa grazing did not limit animal performance and was shown to be economically advantageous as compared to drylot feeding.
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9

Fischinger, Stephanie A. "Die Bedeutung der CO2-Fixierung von Leguminosenknöllchen für ihre Aktivität und Effizienz." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B03B-6.

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Jarman, Jan K. D. "Determination of legume nitrogen credits as affected by alfalfa stand density and last hay-year management." 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/31734017.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1992.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-158).
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Books on the topic "Alfalfa Legumes"

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Peterson, P. W. Hay production guide for northeastern Washington. Pullman, Wash: Cooperative Extension, College of Agriculture & and Home Economics, Washington State University, 1989.

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C, Sheaffer Craig, and Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, eds. Forage legumes: Clovers, birdsfoot trefoil, cicer milkvetch, crownvetch, sainfoin, and alfalfa. St. Paul, Minn: University of Minnesota, Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, 1993.

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Diseases of Legumes: Alfalfa, Bean, Pea, Peanut, Soybean (Digital Image Collection). American Phytopathological Society, 2000.

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W, Skiles J., and Ames Research Center, eds. Response of two legumes to two ultraviolet-B radiation regimes. Moffett, Field, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 2000.

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W, Skiles J., and Ames Research Center, eds. Response of two legumes to two ultraviolet-B radiation regimes. Moffett, Field, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 2000.

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R, Hoffman Thomas, Warnocke W. Douglas, and Hinman Herbert, eds. 1994 crop enterprise budgets: Timothy-legume and alfalfa hay, sudan grass, sweet corn, and spring wheat under rill irrigation in Kittitas County, Washington. [S.l.]: Cooperative Extension, Washington State University, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Alfalfa Legumes"

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Lanyon, L. E., and F. W. Smith. "Potassium Nutrition of Alfalfa and Other Forage Legumes: Temperate and Tropical." In Potassium in Agriculture, 861–93. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1985.potassium.c37.

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Albrecht, Kenneth A., and Karen A. Beauchemin. "Alfalfa and Other Perennial Legume Silage." In Agronomy Monographs, 633–64. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr42.c14.

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Edwardson, John R., and R. G. Christie. "Alfalfa Mosaic Virus Group." In CRC Handbook of Viruses Infecting Legumes, 35–54. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351071192-2.

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De Marchis, Francesca, Michele Bellucci, and Sergio Arcioni. "Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Alfalfa." In Handbook of New Technologies for Genetic Improvement of Legumes, 29–43. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439801352.ch3.

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"Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and other temperate forage legumes." In Novel Food and Feed Safety, 183–221. OECD, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264180147-12-en.

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Luis Ortega, Jose, Suman Bagga, Carol Potenza, and Champa Sengupta-Gopalan. "Genetic Engineering for Forage Quality in Alfalfa." In Handbook of New Technologies for Genetic Improvement of Legumes, 1–18. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439801352.ch1.

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Charles Brummer, E. "Genomics Research in Alfalfa, Medicago sativa L." In Legume Crop Genomics. AOCS Publishing, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439822265.ch7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Alfalfa Legumes"

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Kutuzova, Anel, Elena Provornaya, Ekaterina Sedova, and Nadezhda Tsybenko. "EFFICIENCY OF NEW VARIETIES OF BEAN GRASSES IN MEADOW FARMING." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-24-72-9-13.

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Based on the field experiment conducted in 2014–2019, it was found that the productivity of leguminous-grassy stands on sod-podzolic soil was increased by 97–120% compared to cereal grass on average over five years of use. The increase in the collection of edible feed per 1 kg of legume seeds was 1.2–5.1 thousand feed units for this period. Payback 1 ruble costs of seeds of legumes due to the conditionally net income reached 41–44 rubles when using alfalfa and 76–173 rubles when using creeping clover and meadow clover.
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Soroka, Andrey, Natal'ya Kostyuchenko, and Andrey Gaponyuk. "Productivity of perennial herbs on peat-mineral soils in the conditions of Polesie." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production23 (71). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-23-71-130-134.

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The results of studies on the productivity of perennial grasses on peat-mineral soil of Polesye are presented. Sowing alfalfa turned out to be the most productive crop among perennial leguminous herbs. Pasture legumes and grasses were slightly different in productivity. The introduction of an additional bean component in pasture mixtures did not contribute to a significant increase in the productivity of perennial herbs.
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Khonina, Olesya. "Perennial legumes and grasses in the system of sustainable fodder production in the south of Russia." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production23 (71). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-23-71-82-86.

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The results of research on the assessment of the forage and environment-forming role of legumes and cereals grass and grass mixtures with their participation are presented. It is established that adaptive and stable phytocenoses based on such grasses as yellow alfalfa, yellow melilot, sainfoin, wheatgrass, Wheatgrass during haymaking use form on average 10.3–14.5 t/ha of green mass, 2.0–3.1 t/ha of dry matter, 280–390 kg/ha of raw protein and 12.1–18.8 GJ/ha of exchange energy in the arid zone in the southern of Russia.
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Kostenko, Sergey, Evgenia Malyuzhenets, Natalia Kostenko, Elena Pampura, and Nadezhda Terekhova. "Hybrid of meadow fescue "VIK-5-34" for growing on high agrophones on meadows and pastures in the European part of Russia." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2021-25-73-67-70.

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Meadow fescue is one of the best grasses for forage production in most of Russia, being inferior in productivity to pasture ryegrass in the country's reserve; it is much superior to it in other regions in terms of longevity, sea resistance and drought resistance. This species is also less affected by fungal diseases, grows well in herb mixtures with both clover and alfalfa or with other legumes and cereals. The new variety "VIK-5-34" is intended for cultivation on high agricultural grounds in farms with a high level of agriculture. The variety can be used both for foraging and for creating pastures.
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Mussie S.A., S. A. "THE EFFECT OF CULTIVAR DIFFERENCE IN THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF ALFALFA." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-27.

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The legume alfalfa is briefly introduced. The yield and quality characteristics of the different alfalfa cultivars in different years of study is given. The comparison and significant difference among cultivars of alfalfa is briefly presented.
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Grebennikov, Vadim. "Agro-energy efficiency of growing intermediate wheatgrass, elongated wheatgrass and yellow alfalfa on downed forage lands in the dry-steppe zone." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production23 (71). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-23-71-125-129.

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The justification of agro-energy efficiency of growing new high-yielding drought-resistant varieties and types of perennial grasses, such as intermediate Wheatgrass, elongated Wheatgrass and yellow alfalfa, which provide a positive effect of interaction of legume-cereal grass mixtures and single-species crops that are resistant to abiotic factors while improving hayfields and pastures of the arid zone, is presented. All studied grass mixtures and single-species crops of yellow alfalfa had a high annual yield of gross (21.7–48.7 GJ/ha) and exchange energy (13.5–32.1 GJ/ha) and provided the production of full-fledged feed.
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Кутузова, Анэля, Anel Kutuzova, Елена Проворная, Elena Provornaya, Надежда Цыбенко, and Nadezhda Tsybenko. "EFFICIENCY OF ANTHROPOGENIC ENERGY EXPENDITURES IN CREATION AND USE OF LEGUME-CEREAL GRASS OF CULTURAL PASTURE." In Multifunctional adaptive feed production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2019-21-69-62-69.

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On legume-grass pasture grasslands with the participation of creeping clover (varieties VIC 70 and Lugovik), meadow clover (Tetraploid VIC and Veteran), alfalfa changeable (Pasture 88 and Agnia), the total cost of anthropogenic energy for the creation, care, use and production of feed in the exchange energy in a single SI system (GJ/ha) is determined. The high rates of return given the cost of collecting metabolizable energy per 1 GJ of metabolizable energy.
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Kutuzova, Anel, Elena Provornaya, Ekaterina Sedova, and Nadezhda Tsybenko. "EFFICIENCY OF LEGUME-GRASS STANDS WITH USING NEW VARIETIES TO CREATE CULTURAL PASTURES IN THE NON-CHERNOZEM ZONE." In Multifunctional adaptive feed production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-22-70-5-13.

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Based on the analysis of the results of a 5-year field experiment to study the effects of species and cultivars of white clover (VIC 70 and Lugovik), red clover (Tetraploidny VIC and Veteran), alfalfa common (88 Pasture and Agnes) pro-conducting for periods (1–2, 3–4 and 5 years of use) the influence of weather conditions, the years of life herbs, part legume component in the herbage yield, content of total and biological nitrogen in the aboveground mass, the concentration of metabolizable energy in the feed. Set the efficiency of the reception of pre-inoculated seed complementary strains of nodule bacteria in nitrogen and savings acquisition costs of mineral nitrogen fertilizers (at modern prices).
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Idrisov, R. А. "POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY ADAPTIVE AGROPHUTOCENOZIS ON SLOPING LANDS OF THE STEPPE TRANS-URALS." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.125-128.

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The correct construction of agrophytocenoses on the slopes of the steppe trans-Urals helped to create maximum productivity. In the arid climate, the most productive were the double mixtures of alfalfa with brittle sitnik, wheatgrass is syd, providing an average of 41.6 and 40.2 quintals per hectare (c/ha) of hay, 32.1 and 31.0 GJ/ha OE (exchange energy per hectare), 4.5 and 4.3 quintals per hectare of boiled protein (c/ha) over 5 years. Single-species steppe ecotypes, brittle sieve and wheatgrass sieve in productivity slightly gave way to double components, providing respectively hay- 32.2 and 37.2 cents per hectare, exchange energy 22.2 and 25.7 GJ/ha, digested protein 1.93 and 2.53 c/ha. The enrichment of agrophytocense by the legume component allowed to increase the metabolic energy content to the level of 32.1 and 31.0-GJ/ha, digested protein to 4.5 and 4.3 quintals per hectare, which is 14 times the nutritional value of the metabolic energy, the digested protein is 10 times higher than the natural herb.
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