Relevant bibliographies by topics / Algal Biomass

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Algal Biomass'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Algal Biomass"

1

Evans, Marlene S., Richard D. Robarts, and Michael T. Arts. "Predicted versus actual determinations of algal production, algal biomass, and zooplankton biomass in a hypereutrophic, hyposaline prairie lake." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, no. 5 (May 1, 1995): 1037–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-102.

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We compared the accuracy of various regression models in predicting algal production, algal biomass and composition, and zooplankton biomass in a hypereutrophic, hyposaline prairie lake. The total phosphorus (TP) models investigated underestimated mean summer algal biomass and inedible biomass: the models overestimated mean summer edible algae biomass and annual primary production in the euphotic zone. Differences between predicted and actual biomass values are attributed to intense zooplankton grazing on the edible algal community and to the gradual accumulation of slow-growing, inedible algae. The TP model investigated provided an accurate prediction of zooplankton biomass. The algal biomass model overestimated zooplankton biomass, possibly because edible algae accounted for a very small fraction of algal biomass in Humboldt Lake during the ice-free season. The chlorophyll model investigated underestimated zooplankton biomass, apparently because Humboldt Lake algae have a relatively low chlorophyll content. The use of a 0.01 conversion factor to estimate algal biomass on the basis of chlorophyll appears to be inadequate and requires further study. There was no evidence that hyposaline Humboldt Lake has a relatively high zooplankton to phytoplankton biomass ratio when compared with freshwater lakes.
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Park, J. B. K., and R. J. Craggs. "Effect of algal recycling rate on the performance of Pediastrum boryanum dominated wastewater treatment high rate algal pond." Water Science and Technology 70, no. 8 (August 23, 2014): 1299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.369.

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Recycling a portion of gravity harvested algae promoted the dominance of a rapidly settling colonial alga, Pediastrum boryanum (P. boryanum) and improved both biomass productivity and settleability in High Rate Algal Pond (HRAP) treating domestic wastewater. The effect of algal recycling rate on HRAP performance was investigated using 12 replicate mesocosms (18 L) that were operated semi-continuously under ambient conditions. Three experiments were conducted during different seasons with each experiment lasting up to 36 days. Recycling 10%, 25%, and 50% of the ‘mass’ of daily algal production all increased total biomass concentration in the mesocosms. However, recycling >10% reduced the organic content (volatile suspended solids (VSS)) of the mesocosm biomass from 83% to 68% and did not further increase biomass productivity (based on VSS). This indicates that if a HRAP is operated with a low algal concentration and does not utilise all the available sunlight, algal recycling increases the algal concentration up to an optimum level, resulting in higher algal biomass productivity. Recycling 10% of the daily algal production not only increased biomass productivity by ∼40%, but increased biomass settleability by ∼25%, which was probably a consequence of the ∼30% increase in P. boryanum dominance in the mesocosms compared with controls without recycling.
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Canfield Jr., Daniel E., Edward Phlips, and Carlos M. Duarte. "Factors Influencing the Abundance of Blue-Green Algae in Florida Lakes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, no. 7 (July 1, 1989): 1232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-159.

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Phytoplankton samples collected from 165 Florida lakes were examined to determine relationships between blue-green algal abundance and environmental conditions. Blue-green algal biomass in the Florida samples was weakly correlated (r = −0.34) with water transparency and the concentration of total nitrogen (TN) (r = 0.47) and total phosphorus (TP) (r = 0.33). The relative contribution of blue-green algae to total phytoplankton biomass, however, did not decrease with TN/TP > 29. Blue-green algal biomass was strongly correlated (r = 0.90) to total algal biomass, and blue-green algae became consistently dominant when total algal biomass exceeded 100 mg/L.
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Makwana, Hiren V., Priyanka G. Pandey, and Binita A. Desai. "Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Total Phenolic Content of Algal Biomass Found in Tapi River in Surat." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 2783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41897.

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Abstract: The present study aims to assess the phytochemicals of algal biomass which has seven species identified microscopically. The qualitative phytochemical analysis was done on all the biomass in the Tapi River, Surat in Gujarat. For the qualitative phytochemical analysis total 12 different parameters were analysed and used on algal biomass. Extract prepared in water. Amongst the water extract showed the presence of a maximum number of phytochemical compounds. Next to that, water extract showed alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, phytosterol, coumarins, tannins, diterpenes, and quinones, carbohydrates, The protein present in algal biomass. The evaluation of total phenolic content presence in algal biomass. Keywords: Algal biomass, Phytochemical analysis, Algae, Phytochemicals, Total phenol content, Qualitative analysis of biomass, Tapi, Biomass Extract, Algae extract.
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Mawardi, M., Edison Munaf, Soleh Kosela, and Widayanti Wibowo. "PEMISAHAN ION KROM(III) DAN KROM(IV) DALAM LARUTAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BIOMASSA ALGA HIJAU SPIROGYRA SUBSALSA SEBAGAI BIOSORBEN." Reaktor 15, no. 1 (February 24, 2014): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.15.1.27-36.

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Karakteristik pemisahan ion Cr3+ dan Cr6+ dalam larutan melalui proses biosorpsi menggunakan biomassa alga hijau Spirogyra subsalsa dengan sistem batch telah diteliti. Dalam pelaksanaannya diawali dengan melakukan analisis kualitatif gugus fungsi dalam biomassa menggunakan instrumen FTIR, kemudian dipelajari karakteristik pengaruh variabel pH awal larutan, ukuran partikel biosorben, kecepatan pengadukan, pengaruh pemanasan biosorben, laju penyerapan, pengaruh konsentrasi larutan ion logam terhadap kapasitas serapan biomassa alga. Berdasarkan spektra spektroskopi FTIR dapat disimpulkan bahwa biomassa alga hijau S. Subsalsa mengandung gugus-gugus karboksilat, amina, amida, amino, karbonil dan hidroksil, disamping adanya senyawa silikon, belerang dan fosfor. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh memperlihatkan bahwa kapasitas biosorpsi sangat dipengaruhi oleh pH larutan, waktu kontak dan konsentrasi awal larutan. Biosorpsi optimum kation Cr3+ terjadi pada pH 4,0 sedangkan ion Cr6+ terjadi pada pH 2,0 kemudian berkurang dejalan dengan naiknya pH larutan. Perhitungan dengan persamaan Isoterm Langmuir diperoleh data kapasitas serapan maksimum biomassa alga S. subsalsa untuk masing-masing ion Cr3+ dan Cr6+ adalah 1,82 mg (0,035 mmol) dan 1,51 mg (0,029 mmol) per gram biomassa kering. Kinetika biosorpsi berlangsung relatif cepat, dimana selama selang waktu 30 menit, masing-masing ion terserap sekitar 95,7%; dan 86,5%. Daya serap biomassa juga dipengaruhi kecepatan pengadukan, sedangkan faktor ukuran partikel dan pemanasan biosorben kurang mempengaruhi daya serap biomassa. Key Word : biosorpsi, spirogyra subsalsa, krom(III), krom(VI), sistem batchAbstract Separation of Ion Chromium(III) and Chromium(IV) In Solution Using Green Algae Biomass Spirogyra subsalsa as Biosorbent. The characteristics of Cr3+andCr6+ ion separation in solution through biosorption process using green algal biomass Spirogyrasubsalsa with batch systems have been investigated. The study began with aqualitative analysis of functional groups in biomass using FTIR instrument, then followed by a study of the characteristics of influences by several variables, such as: the initial pH of the solution,the size of biosorben particles, stirring speed, the effect of heating the biosorben, the rate of absorption, and the effect of metal ion concentration in solution on the absorption capacity of algal biomass. Based on FTIR spectroscopy spectra gave a conclusion that biomass of green algae S.subsalsa contains carboxylate groups, amine, amide, amino, carbonyl and hydroxyl, in addition to silicon, sulfur, and phosphorus compounds. The results showed that the biosorption capacity was strongly influenced by pH, contact time, and initial concentration ofthe solution. The optimum biosorption of Cr3+cation occurred at pH 4.0 while that of Cr6+ions occurred at pH 2.0 and then decreased with the increasing pH of solution. The calculation of Langmuir isotherm equation showed that the maximum absorption capacity of algal biomass S.subsalsa for Cr3+and Cr6+ ion respectively was 1.82mg (0.035 mmol) and 1.51 mg (0.029 mmol) pergram of dry biomass. The kinetics of biosorption took place relatively quick, in which during the 30minutes time interval, each ion was absorbed approximately 95.7%; and 86.5%. The absorptive capacity of biomass was also influenced by stirring speed, while the size of particles and heating biosorben gave lessinfluence to the absorption of biomass.
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Patyshakuliyeva, Aleksandrina, Daniel L. Falkoski, Ad Wiebenga, Klaas Timmermans, and Ronald P. de Vries. "Macroalgae Derived Fungi Have High Abilities to Degrade Algal Polymers." Microorganisms 8, no. 1 (December 26, 2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010052.

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Marine fungi associated with macroalgae are an ecologically important group that have a strong potential for industrial applications. In this study, twenty-two marine fungi isolated from the brown seaweed Fucus sp. were examined for their abilities to produce algal and plant biomass degrading enzymes. Growth of these isolates on brown and green algal biomass revealed a good growth, but no preference for any specific algae. Based on the analysis of enzymatic activities, macroalgae derived fungi were able to produce algae specific and (hemi-)cellulose degrading enzymes both on algal and plant biomass. However, the production of algae specific activities was lower than the production of cellulases and xylanases. These data revealed the presence of different enzymatic approaches for the degradation of algal biomass by macroalgae derived fungi. In addition, the results of the present study indicate our poor understanding of the enzymes involved in algal biomass degradation and the mechanisms of algal carbon source utilization by marine derived fungi.
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Davie, Alec W., and Simon M. Mitrovic. "Benthic algal biomass and assemblage changes following environmental flow releases and unregulated tributary flows downstream of a major storage." Marine and Freshwater Research 65, no. 12 (2014): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf13225.

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A large dam reducing the magnitude of flows regulates the Severn River, Australia. Environmental flows (EFs) are designed to increase the magnitude of flow and improve ecological outcomes such as reducing filamentous algal biomass and re-setting algal succession. The effectiveness of EF releases to alter benthic algal assemblages is poorly understood. We examined benthic algal biomass and assemblage structure at two cobble-dominated riffle sites downstream of Pindari Dam, before and after two EFs. Both EFs had discharges of ~11.6 m3 s–1 (velocity of ~0.9 m s–1). Neither EF reduced benthic algal biomass, and sometimes led to increases, with density of some filamentous algae increasing (Stigeoclonium and Leptolyngbya). An unregulated flow from a tributary between the two sites increased discharge to 25.2 m3 s–1 (velocity of ~1.2 m s–1), decreasing biomass and density of filamentous algae. The similarity in flow velocities between scouring and non-scouring events suggests that thresholds may exist and/or suspended sediments carried from unregulated tributaries may contribute to reduce algal biomass. Identifying velocities needed to reduce algal biomass are useful. Accordingly, EFs with flow velocities ~1.2 m s–1 may achieve this in river cobble-dominated riffle sections dominated by filamentous algae. Lower flow velocities of <0.9 m s–1 may result in no change or an increase in filamentous algae.
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K., Santhoshkumar, Prasanthkumar S., and J. G. Ray. "Chlorococcum humicola (Nageli) Rabenhorst as a Renewable Source of Bioproducts and Biofuel." Journal of Plant Studies 5, no. 1 (February 29, 2016): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jps.v5n1p48.

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Among the diverse new generation biomass yielding species, green algae are the most promising organisms. Compared to biomass production of other organisms, production of algae is less laborious, quite fast, and more economical. Moreover, eutrophicated waters get naturally purified in the cultivation process of algae. Algal biomass from monoculture of specific species, which are rich in carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, is considered a good source of diverse bio-products and feed-stock for food, feeds and bio-fuels. Quantity and quality of algal biomass for specific products depend on the species and strains as well as environmental conditions of cultivation. In this connection, biomass productivity and oil-yield of a local strain of <em>Chlorococcum humicola </em>(Nageli) Rabenhorst was assessed in Bold’s Basal Medium. Long-term storage capacity of the alga was tried by entrapping the algal cells in sodium alginate beads, which showed viability up to 14 months. Estimation of total carbohydrate, protein, lipid and chemical characterization of oil as well as the feasibility of its conversion to biodiesel revealed the industrial potential of this local strain as a source of food and biofuel. Fatty acid profiling of the extracted oil showed that 70% are mono-saturated and 12.2 % are nutritionally important polyunsaturated fatty acids. The oil could be effectively trans-esterified to methyl esters and the conversion was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. Further standardization of the mass production of the alga in natural environmental conditions for biomass and oil is progressing to optimize its value as globally competent food, nutraceutical and biofuel resource.
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Park, J. B. K., and R. J. Craggs. "Wastewater treatment and algal production in high rate algal ponds with carbon dioxide addition." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 3 (February 1, 2010): 633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.951.

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High rate algal ponds (HRAPs) provide improved wastewater treatment over conventional wastewater stabilisation ponds; however, algal production and recovery of wastewater nutrients as algal biomass is limited by the low carbon:nitrogen ratio of wastewater. This paper investigates the influence of CO2 addition (to augment daytime carbon availability) on wastewater treatment performance and algal production of two pilot-scale HRAPs operated with different hydraulic retention times (4 and 8 days) over a New Zealand Summer (November–March, 07/08). Weekly measurements were made of influent and effluent flow rate and water qualities, algal and bacterial biomass production, and the percentage of algae biomass harvested in gravity settling units. This research shows that the wastewater treatment HRAPs with CO2 addition achieved a mean algal productivity of 16.7 g/m2/d for the HRAP4d (4 d HRT, maximum algae productivity of 24.7 g/m2/d measured in January 08) and 9.0 g/m2/d for the HRAP8d (8 d HRT)). Algae biomass produced in the HRAPs was efficiently harvested by simple gravity settling units (mean harvested algal productivity: 11.5 g/m2/d for the HRAP4d and 7.5 g/m2/d for the HRAP8d respectively). Higher bacterial composition and the larger size of algal/bacterial flocs of the HRAP8d biomass increased harvestability (83%) compared to that of HRAP4d biomass (69%).
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Tipsukhon Pimpimol, Burassakorn Tongmee, Padivarada Lomlai, Prsert Prasongpol, Niwooti Whangchai, Yuwalee Unpaprom, and Rameshprabu Ramaraj. "Spirogyra cultured in fishpond wastewater for biomass generation." Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication 2, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.245041.

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Algae are aquatic organisms that can be found in a wide range of water bodies. Algae, a form of aquatic organism, is found in many different water types. Besides being relatively easy to maintain, algae are also numerous, making them a good choice for biomass production. The filamentous Spirogyra sp., a common green alga, tends to grow in freshwater. It is said that this macroalga has a wide variety of biotechnological applications. Research in this area highlights biomass's creation and builds on our understanding of the composition of macroalgae generated in fish farm wastewater. A study of Spirogyra in undisturbed fish farm wastewater was conducted in this study. Various algal species were evaluated for their qualities, including biomass yields and productivity, protein, fat, and carbohydrates. This investigation has confirmed that the nutrients in fish farm effluent are suitable for cultivating algal biomass. Protein, lipid, and carbohydrate levels in unaltered fish farm effluent were the highest for Spirogyra, with percentages of 19.03, 8.38, and 45.71%, respectively. Thus, it was the most suitable organism for various biomass-based applications and nutrient removal.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Algal Biomass"

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Lizzul, A. M. "Integrated production of algal biomass." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1474169/.

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Applied research is increasingly defined within a context of sustainability and ecological modernisation. Within this remit, recent developments in algal biotechnology are considered to hold particular promise in integrating aspects of bioremediation and bioproduction. However, there are still a number of engineering and biological bottlenecks related to large scale production of algae; including requirements to reduce both capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX). One potential avenue to reduce these costs is via feedstock substitution and resource sharing; often described as industrial symbiosis. Such an approach has the benefit of providing both environmental and economic benefits as part of an 'eco-biorefinery'. This thesis set out to investigate and address how best to approach some of the cost related bottlenecks within the algal industry, through a process of industrial integration and novel system design. The doctorate focussed on applications within a Northern European context and was split into four research topics. The first and second parts identified a suitable algal strain and were followed by the characterisation of its growth on wastewater; with the findings showing Chlorella sorokiniana (UTEX1230) capable of robust growth and rapid inorganic nutrient removal. The third part detailed the design, construction and validation of a lower cost and fully scalable modular airlift (ALR) photobioreactor, suitable amongst other applications for use within wastewater treatment. This work concluded with a pilot scale deployment of a 50 L ALR system. The fourth research section detailed the costs of ALR construction and operation at a wastewater treatment works, with a particular focus on the benefits that can be derived by industrial symbiosis. The thesis concludes with an appraisal of the ALR design and considers the potential for the technology, particularly within a wastewater treatment role. A final consideration is given to the practicalities of developing the algal industry within the UK in the short to medium term.
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Sanmiguel, Herrera Valentina. "A method to recover algal biomass using membrane technologies." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52956.

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Environmental awareness has increased significantly during the past years and the need to replace fossil fuels with a more sustainable alternative has become a priority in the modern society. Algal biofuels have shown to have a good productivity compared to other biomass feedstock options but the high cost- low-efficiency cultivation process has proven to be a challenge. The purpose of this project is to use membrane technologies to recover algal biomass more efficiently. This technology would significantly reduce the water usage and energy input to the algal biomass production process. In this study, the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) model derived using the Surface Element Integration (SEI) technique was used to identify the interaction energy between 3 microalgae species and 5 hollow fiber membrane materials. The results suggested that Scendesmus Obliquous would have the lowest energy barrier (-2.7834 kT) with a Poly(vinylbutyral) (PVB) hollow fiber membrane, therefore it would have a greater initial number of algal cells attaching to the membrane, compared to the other microalgae and membrane materials studied. Further work needs to be completed in order to integrate algae growth and biomass harvesting into the actual model.
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Simosa, Alicia E. "Factors affecting algal biomass growth and cell wall destruction." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2277.

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Research using microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was conducted in order to determine the maximum CO2 concentration under which algae can grow, within the emission range from oil and natural gas burning plants (0-20%). After choosing the optimal CO2 percentage, pH and alkalinity were determined; and finally, an electrochemical (EC) batch reactor connected to DC current was applied to achieve algae cell annihilation, and therefore, facilitate anaerobic digestion, methane production and energy recovery. It was determined that algae can grow under 20% CO2, being 15% CO2 the most effective (pH of 6.64 and alkalinity of 617.5 mg/L CaCO3). Electroporation using an electrochemical batch reactor is effective in breaking cells membranes, which simplifies anaerobic digestion process and methane production. The parameters found effective for completely breaking the algae cell are: detention time of 1 more or less 0.5 minutes, and minimum voltage and current of 65 Volts/285 ml and 3.9 Amps/285 ml, respectively
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Maddi, Balakrishna. "Pyrolysis Strategies for Effective Utilization of Lignocellulosic and Algal Biomass." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1418340334.

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Mazzotti, Matilde <1986&gt. "Physiological studies to optimize algal biomass production in phytoremediation processes." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6934/1/tesi_Matilde_Mazzotti.pdf.

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Nowadays microalgae are studied, and a number of species already mass-cultivated, for their application in many fields: food and feed, chemicals, pharmaceutical, phytoremediation and renewable energy. Phytoremediation, in particular, can become a valid integrated process in many algae biomass production systems. This thesis is focused on the physiological and biochemical effects of different environmental factors, mainly macronutrients, lights and temperature on microalgae. Microalgal species have been selected on the basis of their potential in biotechnologies, and nitrogen occurs in all chapters due to its importance in physiological and applicative fields. There are 5 chapters, ready or in preparation to be submitted, with different specific matters: (i) to measure the kinetic parameters and the nutrient removal efficiencies for a selected and local strain of microalgae; (ii) to study the biochemical pathways of the microalga D. communis in presence of nitrate and ammonium; (iii) to improve the growth and the removal efficiency of a specific green microalga in mixotrophic conditions; (iv) to optimize the productivity of some microalgae with low growth-rate conditions through phytohormones and other biostimulants; and (v) to apply the phyto-removal of ammonium in an effluent from anaerobic digestion. From the results it is possible to understand how a physiological point of view is necessary to provide and optimize already existing biotechnologies and applications with microalgae.
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Mazzotti, Matilde <1986&gt. "Physiological studies to optimize algal biomass production in phytoremediation processes." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6934/.

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Nowadays microalgae are studied, and a number of species already mass-cultivated, for their application in many fields: food and feed, chemicals, pharmaceutical, phytoremediation and renewable energy. Phytoremediation, in particular, can become a valid integrated process in many algae biomass production systems. This thesis is focused on the physiological and biochemical effects of different environmental factors, mainly macronutrients, lights and temperature on microalgae. Microalgal species have been selected on the basis of their potential in biotechnologies, and nitrogen occurs in all chapters due to its importance in physiological and applicative fields. There are 5 chapters, ready or in preparation to be submitted, with different specific matters: (i) to measure the kinetic parameters and the nutrient removal efficiencies for a selected and local strain of microalgae; (ii) to study the biochemical pathways of the microalga D. communis in presence of nitrate and ammonium; (iii) to improve the growth and the removal efficiency of a specific green microalga in mixotrophic conditions; (iv) to optimize the productivity of some microalgae with low growth-rate conditions through phytohormones and other biostimulants; and (v) to apply the phyto-removal of ammonium in an effluent from anaerobic digestion. From the results it is possible to understand how a physiological point of view is necessary to provide and optimize already existing biotechnologies and applications with microalgae.
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Malik, Danish J. "Algal biomass as adsorbents for heavy metal sorption from aqueous solutions." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7196.

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This thesis evaluates the performance of marine algal-based biosorbents in treating trace metal bearing aqueous solutions. Native seaweed varieties (Ascophyllum nodosum, Lessonia flavicans, Durvillea potatorum and Laminaria hyperborea) were selected on the basis of their varying algin composition as well as their characteristic mannuronic/guluronic acid content. Dealginated seaweed residues, i.e. waste materials arising during algin extraction from brown marine algae were also evaluated as potential metal biosorbent materials. The biosorbents showed significant metal sorption capacity for copper, cadmium, nickel and zinc from synthetic single metal and multi-metal bearing aqueous solutions. The equilibrium biosorption process may be described using a surface complex formation model. Copper biosorption involved chelation-type surface reactions as well as ion exchange whereas nickel and zinc biosorption may be described by simple ion exchange and electrostatic interactions between metal ions and the negatively charged algal surface. Evidence of stoichiometric release of protons upon metal biosorption has been found. Metal biosorption was found to be dependent upon transport limitations due to intraparticle diffusion. Surface functional groups within algal biosorbents that are responsible for metal-ion binding were identified in an attempt to understand the mechanisms of metal biosorption. Physical and chemical characterization techniques such as potentiometric titrations and esterification were used for surface acidity measurements, nitrogen sorption porosimetry for surface area and pore size distribution analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy to identify carboxyl groups attached to structural polysaccharides in algae. Performance of native and dealginate algal fixed-bed mini-columns provided optimum operating conditions for dynamic exchange between metal ions in solution and the algal biomass. Selected biosorbents were successfully employed to treat real industrial metal-plating rinse waters. The most efficient eluants for regeneration of metal-laden biosorbent columns were also identified.
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Cromar, Nancy Judith. "Composition of biomass and computer modelling of high rate algal ponds." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394903.

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Rhea, Nicholas A. "Evaluation of Flocculation, Sedimentation, and Filtration for Dewatering of Algal Biomass." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/42.

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Algae can be used as a feedstock for agricultural fertilizers, livestock/poultry feeds, anaerobic digestion, and biofuel production. Regardless of the end product, water removal is necessary and difficult to do cost effectively. For each product the requirements for moisture content (or solids content) vary, such that a desirable water removal strategy would need to be adaptable to varying levels of water removal. Flocculation, with sedimentation and drying was evaluated as a possible strategy for algae dewatering. Anionic and nonionic flocculants are known to be ineffective at flocculating algal culture, which was confirmed for this case by electro-osmotic flow testing of the algae and jar tests with three flocculant charge types. Electrophoretic mobility of the algae indicated that it has a negative charge and no flocs were present in the jars. The effectiveness of the cationic flocculant was determined by measuring settling rates, supernatant turbidity, and filtration rates. Sedimentation and filtration rates of Scenedesmus acutus were measured with varying dosages (0-25 ppm) of a synthetic cationic polymeric flocculant. The results of this study should assist in predicting the time it takes to thicken algae at a concentration range of 0.4-1.0 g/L to a product at a concentration range of 15-250 g/L.
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Mendoza, Martin Jose. "Raceway system requirements for low-cost energy-efficient algal biomass cultivation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2016. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/400675/.

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The overall aim of the research was to investigate the hydraulic mixing characteristics and energy efficiency of raceway systems for the large-scale cultivation of micro-algae. For this purpose, two pilot-scale raceway reactors (100 m length x 1 m wide channel), each with a paddlewheel for liquid circulation and a sump for gas exchange, were built and tested under different conditions. The optimal depth to run the raceway was 0.20 m. At this depth, a typical velocity for liquid circulation in raceways of 0.20 m s-1 was obtained with a power consumption of 2.10 W m-3, which was reduced to 1.6 W m-3 by using one baffle in the bend. At this velocity, addition of two and three baffles did not influence the power consumption significantly. The study of mixing as indicated by the Bodenstein number showed that mixing took place mainly in the paddlewheel, sump and bends although the overall behaviour of the system was plug flow since most of the liquid was contained in the channels. A study with and without a sump baffle showed that the maximum velocity achieved when it was in place was 37 % lower than without the baffle, while at the same time the power consumption increased by 79 %. In addition, its presence reduced mixing, while the improvement in mass transfer was very low. For all these reasons, a sump baffle with the studied configuration was not recommended unless its hydrodynamic performance can be significantly improved. The selection of a membrane plate diffuser giving a small bubble size and low pressure drop enhanced mass transfer efficiency. Oxygen was desorbed mainly in the sump and paddlewheel due to high turbulence which increased the mass transfer coefficient. Peaks in dissolved oxygen at midday, however, were identified as a major problem causing growth inhibition. Accumulation of oxygen in the culture can be reduced by gas bubbling in the sump, although in cultures with a high concentration of bicarbonates CO2 stripping may occur. CO2 mass transfers above 96 % were achieved in the raceway, highlighting the efficiency of the sump as a device for gas exchange. The use of flue gas was effective to control pH, provide carbon to the culture and reduce dissolved oxygen peaks. A carbon balance showed that outgassing in the raceway was almost negligible and main carbon loss was through the liquid phase in the harvesting process. Use of a hydrostatic pressure wheel for lifting water increased the hydraulic efficiency of the raceway between 15-20 %. The paddlewheel equipped with shoe used around 40-50 % of the energy required by flat configuration. This corresponds to an improvement of 2-5 times existing efficiencies, with higher values occurring at longer simulated channel lengths where the hydrostatic head losses are greater. This efficiency, however, is still well below theoretical values, and there is scope for further optimization the improved paddlewheel design for specific raceways.
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Books on the topic "Algal Biomass"

1

Doyle, Alisha M., and Jayden A. Bell. Algal biofuels: Where we've been, where we're going (with DVD). Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Suliono, W. A. Biosorption of heavy metal ions by nonliving algal biomass. Wolverhampton: University of Wolverhampton, 1997.

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Pienkos, Philip T. Algal biofuels can make a difference: Renewable Energy Roundtable. Golden, Colo.]: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2012.

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Ferell, John. National algal biofuels technology roadmap: A technology roadmap resulting from the National Algal Biofuels Workshop, December 9-10, 2008, University of Maryland. Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of the Biomass Program, 2010.

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Lowe, Brad S. Occurrence and distribution of algal biomass and its relation to nutrients and selected basin characteristics in Indiana streams, 2001-2005. Reston, Va: U.S. Geological Survey, 2008.

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Wychen, S. Van. Determination of total solids and ash in algal biomass: Laboratory analytical procedures (LAP), issue Date: December 2, 2013. Golden, Colorado: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2013.

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Laurens, L. M. L. Summative mass analysis of algal biomass, integration of analytical procedures: Laboratory analytical procedures (LAP), issue date December 2, 2013. Golden, Colorado: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2013.

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Brightbill, Robin A. Relation of algal biomass to characteristics of selected streams in the Lower Susquehanna River Basin. Lemoyne, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

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Brightbill, Robin A. Relation of algal biomass to characteristics of selected streams in the lower Susquehanna River Basin. Lemoyne, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

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Bothwell, Max L. Phosphorus control of algal production and biomass in the Thompson River, British Columbia. Saskatoon, Sask: National Hydrology Research Centre, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Algal Biomass"

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Vaish, Barkha, Pooja Singh, Prabhat Kumar Singh, and Rajeev Pratap Singh. "Biomethanation Potential of Algal Biomass." In Algal Biofuels, 331–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51010-1_16.

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Pandey, Ashutosh, Sanjay Kumar, and Sameer Srivastava. "Algal Biomass Harvesting for Biofuel Production." In Algal Biofuel, 23–65. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003363231-2.

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Majid, Misbah, Samia Shafqat, Hafsa Inam, Uzair Hashmi, and Alvina Gul Kazi. "Production of Algal Biomass." In Biomass and Bioenergy, 207–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07641-6_13.

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Ruiz, Héctor A., Rosa M. Rodríguez-Jasso, Mario Aguedo, and Zsófia Kádár. "Hydrothermal Pretreatments of Macroalgal Biomass for Biorefineries." In Algal Biorefineries, 467–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20200-6_15.

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Mishra, Vishal, Akhilesh Dubey, and Sanjeev Kumar Prajapti. "Algal Biomass Pretreatment for Improved Biofuel Production." In Algal Biofuels, 259–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51010-1_13.

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Varejão, Jorge M. T. B., and Raphaela Nazaré. "Chapter 6: Ethanol Production from Macroalgae Biomass." In Algal Biofuels, 189–200. 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315152547-7.

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Sevda, Surajbhan, Vijay Kumar Garlapati, Poulami Datta, Anuj Kumar Chande, Lalit Pandey, Dheeraj Rathore, Anoop Singh, and T. R. Sreekrishnan. "Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic/Algal Biomass: Potential Sustainable Approach." In Algal Biofuel, 107–19. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003363231-5.

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Bansal, Megha, Shamshad Ahmad, Sakshi Gupta, and Vinayak V. Pathak. "Lipid Induction in Algal Biomass for Sustainable Bioenergy Production." In Algal Biofuel, 273–92. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003363231-13.

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Mehmood, Muhammad Aamer, Umer Rashid, Muhammad Ibrahim, Farhat Abbas, and Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap. "Algal Biomass Production Using Waste Water." In Biomass and Bioenergy, 307–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07641-6_18.

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Verma, Samakshi, and Arindam Kuila. "Algal Biomass and Biodiesel Production." In Sustainable Biofuel and Biomass, 301–16. Includes bibliographical references and index: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429265099-16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Algal Biomass"

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BIKOVENS, Oskars, Jevgenija PONOMARENKO, Sarmite JANCEVA, Maris LAUBERTS, Laima VEVERE, and Galina TELYSHEVA. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE APPROACHES FOR COMPLEX UTILIZATION OF BROWN ALGAE (FUCUS VESICULOSUS) BIOMASS FOR THE OBTAINING OF VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.091.

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The seaweed collected after stranding on beaches of Latvia is underexploited natural resource, which has a potential as raw material for biologically active compound extraction for cosmetic and pharmacy and fertilizer in sustainable agriculture. The aim of the present study was development of the approach for the processing of brown alga Fucus vesiculosus biomass, collected from the Gulf of Riga. The thorough characterization of the chemical composition of Fucus vesiculosus has shown that it is a potential source for obtaining of nitrogen-containing fertilizers, and biologically active compounds. One of the proposed approaches for the processing of the Fucus vesiculosus biomass under study includes algae extraction with organic solvents and CaCl2 solution and obtaining soil organic amendment on the basis of the extract-free residue. The ethyl acetate extract was rich in phenolic compounds (430 ± 30 GAE mg/g) with high antioxidant activity in DPPH• and ABTS•+ tests. The ethanol extract contained significant amounts of phlorotannins that was confirmed by the data of LC-MS/MS analysis. The CaCl2 extract was used for the obtaining of sulphated polysaccharide fucoidane (yield ≈7% on the basis of oven dry matter, o.d.m.), which has numerous biological activities. The extract-free residue didn’t show phytotoxicity. The extract free algal biomass exhibited positive effect in root elongation tests with oat (Avena sativa). As alternative approach for processing of the algal biomass, the mechano-chemical treatment of algal biomass with lignin was proposed. EPR analyses confirmed interaction between algal biomass and lignin.
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Pshenovschi, Grigore, Simona Ghimis, Luiza Mirt, and Gabriel Vasilievici. "Bio-Char Production from Algal Biomass." In Priochem 2021. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2022007087.

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Dey, Dipayan, Dipayan Dey, Ashoka Maity, and Ashoka Maity. "INTEGRATED ALGA-CULTURE IN INUNDATED COASTAL FARMLANDS OF INDIAN SUNDARBANS AS A SUSTAINABLE ADAPTATION FOR MARGINAL COMMUNITIES TOWARDS CLIMATE RISK REDUCTION." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b94727c6e25.03483562.

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Algae has a great potential for quick capture of biological carbon and its storage in saltwater-inundated coastal wetlands and can also be introduced as a climate adaptive alternate farming practice. An intervention with native algal flora Enteromorpha sp. in enclosed coastal Sundarbans in India on two open water culture techniques, viz. U-Lock & Fish-Bone, shows that growth in native algal stock is influenced by seasonal variations of salinity and other limnological factors. Sundarbans, facing the odds of climate change is fast loosing arable lands to sea level rise. Algaculture in inundated coastal areas can be an adaptive mitigation for the same. Perusal of results show that daily growth rate (DGR%) increases with increasing salinity of the intruding tidal waters to an extent and biomass increment under salt stress results in accumulation of metabolites those are having nutrient values and can yield bio-diesel as well. Algal growth recorded mostly in post monsoon period, has impacts on pH and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of the ambient water to facilitate integrated pisciculture. The paper suggests that alga-culture has unrealized potentials in carbon sequestration and can be significantly used for extraction of Biodiesel.
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Dey, Dipayan, Dipayan Dey, Ashoka Maity, and Ashoka Maity. "INTEGRATED ALGA-CULTURE IN INUNDATED COASTAL FARMLANDS OF INDIAN SUNDARBANS AS A SUSTAINABLE ADAPTATION FOR MARGINAL COMMUNITIES TOWARDS CLIMATE RISK REDUCTION." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4315abc24f.

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Algae has a great potential for quick capture of biological carbon and its storage in saltwater-inundated coastal wetlands and can also be introduced as a climate adaptive alternate farming practice. An intervention with native algal flora Enteromorpha sp. in enclosed coastal Sundarbans in India on two open water culture techniques, viz. U-Lock & Fish-Bone, shows that growth in native algal stock is influenced by seasonal variations of salinity and other limnological factors. Sundarbans, facing the odds of climate change is fast loosing arable lands to sea level rise. Algaculture in inundated coastal areas can be an adaptive mitigation for the same. Perusal of results show that daily growth rate (DGR%) increases with increasing salinity of the intruding tidal waters to an extent and biomass increment under salt stress results in accumulation of metabolites those are having nutrient values and can yield bio-diesel as well. Algal growth recorded mostly in post monsoon period, has impacts on pH and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of the ambient water to facilitate integrated pisciculture. The paper suggests that alga-culture has unrealized potentials in carbon sequestration and can be significantly used for extraction of Biodiesel.
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Wogan, David M., Michael Webber, and Alexandre K. da Silva. "A Resource-Limited Approach to Estimating Algal Biomass Production With Geographical Fidelity." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90154.

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This paper discusses the potential for algal biofuel production under resource-limited conditions in Texas. Algal biomass and lipid production quantities are estimated using a fully integrated biological and engineering model that incorporates primary resources required for growth, such as carbon dioxide, sunlight and water. The biomass and lipid production are estimated at the county resolution in Texas, which accounts for geographic variation in primary resources from the Eastern half of the state, which has moderate solar resources and abundant water resources, to the Western half of the state, which has abundant solar resources and moderate water resources. Two resource-limited scenarios are analyzed in this paper: the variation in algal biomass production as a function of carbon dioxide concentration and as a function of water availability. The initial carbon dioxide concentration, ranging from low concentrations in ambient air to higher concentrations found in power plant flue gas streams, affects the growth rate and production of algal biomass. The model compares biomass production using carbon dioxide available from flue gas or refinery activities, which are present only in a limited number of counties, with ambient concentrations found in the atmosphere. Biomass production is also estimated first for counties containing terrestrial sources of water such as wastewater and/or saline aquifers, and compared with those with additional water available from the Gulf of Mexico. The results of these analyses are presented on a series of maps depicting algal biomass and lipid production in gallons per year under each of the resource-limited scenarios. Based on the analysis, between 13.9 and 154.1 thousand tons of algal biomass and 1.0 and 11.1 million gallons of lipids can be produced annually.
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Rivera, Diana Rose T., Alvin B. Culaba, and Aristotle T. Ubando. "Life Cycle Assessment of Torrefied Algal Biomass." In 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hnicem.2018.8666259.

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Mirt, Luiza, Simona Ghimis, Mihaela Ciltea, Grigore Psenovschi, and Gabriel Vasilievici. "Mesoporous CE-SBA15 Catalysts for Algal Biomass Pyrolysis." In Priochem 2021. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2022007086.

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"Evaluation of Algal Biomass Production on Vertical Membranes." In ASABE 1st Climate Change Symposium: Adaptation and Mitigation. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/cc.20152136528.

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Barry, Amanda. "Algal research at Sandia National Laboratories: Partnering for success." In Proposed for presentation at the Algae Biomass Organization Summit in ,. US DOE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1887729.

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Hochhalter, Matthew, and Stephen P. Gent. "Incorporating Light and Algal Effects Into CFD for Photobioreactor Design." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-21310.

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The objective of this research is to develop models that represent the effects of light and algae and incorporate these effects within a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a photobioreactor (PBR). Several factors, including nutrient availability, carbon dioxide concentration, light intensity, and frequency of high and low light intensity periods, affect the efficiency of biomass yield within a photobioreactor. However, even with a general understanding of the affecting factors, scaling up of photobioreactors from a laboratory to a commercial level exist and provide a challenge concerning efficiency. The development and execution of an integrated light, algae, and CFD model can provide insight into more cost and time efficient configurations of PBRs. In depth CFD studies have been used to predict thermal-fluid effects, including bubble-liquid interaction and temperature profiles; however, studies concerning algae-liquid interactions appear sparsely. In order to better understand up-scaling issues, new modifications of previous CFD methods incorporate an algae particle tracking method, as well as light modeling. The particle tracking method considers the individual algae cell as a volume-less and mass-less particle that follows the liquid velocity profiles within the PBR. The light model takes into account algal concentration as well as bubble location and bubble concentration. The integration of the models allows for the average intensity of light experienced by an algae cell to be numerically estimated, alongside the frequency of light and dark periods the particle experiences. The long term goal of this research is to develop an algae growth model that incorporates light intensity and the flashing light effect. The present research is a continuum of previous work aimed at pursuing the optimum design of a column PBR which is commercially viable and effective at producing algal biofuels and bioproducts.
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Reports on the topic "Algal Biomass"

1

Hamilton, Cyd E. Exploring the Utilization of Complex Algal Communities to Address Algal Pond Crash and Increase Annual Biomass Production for Algal Biofuels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1220809.

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Davis, R., C. Kinchin, J. Markham, E. C. D. Tan, L. M. L. Laurens, D. Sexton, D. Knorr, P. Schoen, and J. Lukas. Process Design and Economics for the Conversion of Algal Biomass to Biofuels: Algal Biomass Fractionation to Lipid-and Carbohydrate-Derived Fuel Products. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1271650.

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Davis, R., C. Kinchin, J. Markham, E. Tan, L. Laurens, D. Sexton, D. Knorr, P. Schoen, and J. Lukas. Process Design and Economics for the Conversion of Algal Biomass to Biofuels: Algal Biomass Fractionation to Lipid- and Carbohydrate-Derived Fuel Products. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1159351.

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Hazlebeck, Dave, Rodney Corpuz, Agnieszka Pinowska, Bill Rickman, and Jesse Traller. Development of Algal Biomass Yield Improvements in an Integrated Process. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1474109.

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Davis, Ryan Wesley. Self-deconstrucing algal biomass as feedstock for transportation fuels (quad). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1494632.

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Passell, Howard David, Jesse Dillon Roach, and Geoffrey T. Klise. A study of algal biomass potential in selected Canadian regions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1031302.

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Davis, Ryan, and Lieve Laurens. Algal Biomass Production via Open Pond Algae Farm Cultivation: 2019 State of Technology and Future Research. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1659896.

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Davis, Ryan, and Bruno Klein. Algal Biomass Production via Open Pond Algae Farm Cultivation: 2020 State of Technology and Future Research. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1784890.

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Klein, Bruno, and Ryan Davis. Algal Biomass Production via Open Pond Algae Farm Cultivation: 2021 State of Technology and Future Research. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1862662.

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Klein, Bruno, and Ryan Davis. Algal Biomass Production via Open Pond Algae Farm Cultivation: 2022 State of Technology and Future Research. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1984451.

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