Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Algérie – Histoire – 1954-1962 (Guerre d'Algérie)'
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Segui, Sandrine. "Les communistes français en guerre d'Algérie : histoire, mémoires et représentations (1954-1992)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX10038.
Full textThe PCF policy and the militant members' actions during the whole Algerian war revealed the weaknesses and contradicties of theories of communist anticolonialism. Indeed, in no way and at no time did the leaders seize an exceptional opportunity to stir up the spirit of the revolution. If they had chosen this way, they would have forwent their national legitimacy. They prefered to devote their energies to mass action and keep hoping in class war. Thus, on confining them selves to national ambition they neglected their political mission. The members' divergent opinions and controversial actions regarding the Algerian affairs called the communist theories in question and emphasized not only an ambiguous policy but also the serious divergences in the bosom of the party
Aggoun, Nacera. "La résistance algérienne dans le chelif algérois : de 1945 à la guerre (1954-1962)." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081101.
Full textThis study is an history of the algerian nationalist movement (espacially communists and messalists) from the second world war to the algerian war (1954-1962). Political and social development under the french colonization of the eastern chelif explains the chelifian resistance. After the 1er november 1954, the military resistance begins in 1956 between the dahra and the ouarsenis mountains. The methods employed are geography, anthropology and oral history (short biographies dictionnary)
Chaput-Le, Bars Corinne. "Effets de raccomodement produits par l'écriture du récit de situations extrêmes de vie : l'exemple d'anciens appelés du contingent durant la guerre d'Algérie." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT3032.
Full textBaussant, Michèle. "Un pèlerinage pour mémoire : d'Oran à Nimes, les "enfants de Notre Dame de Santa Cruz" : filiation et communauté pieds-noirs à l'épreuve de l'exil." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100008.
Full textFrom the year 1958 to the year 1964, more than one million French people leave what was then the French departments of North-Africa and now the newly born democratic Republic of Algeria. Leaving Algeria without any hope of come back was for them nearly the end of a world. This French Algeria-born people was named "Black feet" as they were born in Africa. This community as a whole was the direct result of the colonization of North-Africa by France. When in mainland France, many individuals starts to think that this community will surely die with the last "Black foot" born in Algeria during the independence year. This study tries to investigate in deep how French and European settlements in Algeria gave way to an historical and cultural behaviour to their descendants. . . First and second part analyze cultural, political and religious matters which participate to the growing of a huge European community in Algeria. . . The third part deals with the exile from Algeria. This induces a kind of very special relations between Algeria-born French people and their past. .
Aït-El-Djoudi, Dalila. "Image des combattants français vue par l'ALN : 1954-1962 : l'exemple de la wilaya III." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30051.
Full textThis work on fighters' memory of the algerian war underlines the reflexion (thought) of a restrocpective look from a french point of view and from the algerian perception of the conflict. We try to confront fighters of the “ ALN ” with the image they convey and with the perception they have of the french combatants. This approach allows to take in account the opinion, the judgment of the other side, the same judgement against witch the french combatant fought. The vision of the french combatants is as much a matter of strategy as a matter of the evolution of the conscience. It reveals a certain state of the mind but above all, it constitutes in times of fighting a privilegied means of propaganda. The representation of the enemy (opponent) is linked to the rejection of the colonial system. The feeling of otherness (alterity) is influenced by the political nature of war. This work of reconstruction whose recollection makes up on the privilegied contributions of this thesis, comprises a corpus of seventy-nine testimonies from veterans of the “ ALN ”, recorded in Algeria and more particulary in Kabylia (the old wilaya III) between 1999 and 2002
Namane, Farid. "L’écriture de la guerre d’Algérie au XXIe siècle : écrivains français, écrivains algériens, regards croisés sur un événement historique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2019_0215_NAMANE.pdf.
Full textMore than an half-century after its end, "the algerian war" continues to inspire the novelists of the both Mediterranean sides. Considered as such (a war) in 1999 by the French parliament , this war makes noise in every literary return.our thesis subject , is going to be a comparative analysis of the Algerian and French fiction writings concerning the Algerian war : how a common historical event can be interpreted in fictions differently? After the reading of French novels, we noticed that it’s always a story of military who goes to war and the description is characterized by such exoticism and astonishment. On the other hand, the Algerian writer couldn’t go beyond the war; it’s always present , as an important event by which we should go through to enter in literature: it’s a « location of memory ». Because of these différents points of views we suggest the reading of the main corpus composed of a set of novels edited in XXI st: Rachid Boudjedra Les figuiers de barbarie (2010), Anouar Benmalek Le Rapt (2009), Jérôme Ferrari Où j’ai laissé mon âme (2010), Laurent Mauvignier Des Hommes (2009). In order to do this work properly , we will add an other corpus to the novels mentioned above which had been published during the first years of the independence to the beginning of the 2000 and that in order to see the evolution of the french and Algerian fiction writing theme
Davezac, Robert. "La montée des violences dans le Grand-Alger (01/06/1958-30/04/1961) : "De l'Algérie province française à la République algérienne"." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20009.
Full textIn spite of thousands of works devoted to the War in Algeria, practically no monograph exists, even about Algiers the capital city of the country. That is why, facing this lack, we have planned to establish the events in order to show the rise of violence which characterized the period from June 1st 1958 to April 30th 1961. The use of selective or blind terrorism by the FLN (National Liberation Front), then by the counter-terrorists and the OAS (Secret Army Organisation), and its repression by the French Army, gave this conflict its peculiar aspect. That kind of violence, apparently eradicated by "The 1957 Battle of Algiers" and removed from the memories by the May 1958 Fraternization, came back on June 6th 1958 and increased without stopping. It provoked, deliberately or not, another terrorism from the partisans of the "French Algeria", opposed to the FLN one and also against the representatives and the partisans of the Central Power, when the latter gave up the Integration Policy. Our thesis reconstitutes the different stages and the logic of this process and its military and political consequences upon the development of the war. As a consequence of this terrorism, the use of repressive methods leading to torture is mentioned in it. The evolution of the mentalities of both communities in Algiers (European and Muslim ones), their relationships and their reactions in front of the Central Power Policy are examined as causes and consequences of this process
Gacon, Stéphane. "L'amnistie et la République en France : de la Commune à la Guerre d'Algérie." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0018.
Full textLoris, Rodionoff Marius. "Crises et reconfigurations de la relation d'autorité dans l'armée française au défi de la guerre d'Algérie (1954-1966)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H067.
Full textThis thesis studies the crises and reconfigurations of authority within the French am1y from 1954 to 1966. The Algerian war appears as the end point of many theoretical and practical writings aiming at endowing chiefs with initiatives and at establishing active submission on the part of soldiers. At the level of leadership, the Algerian war sanctions small chiefs' initiative that allows them to make their own rules. And yet, power relations are undermined by phenomena of competition between chiefs who fight between themselves to obtain honours and results. ln the context of a mass am1y many counter-power emerge to counter, cancel or sometimes collaborate with hierarchical authority. The soldiers become the cri tics of such practices and commit acts of resistance in the back of the hierarchy. By building on the TPF A of Constantine, we meticulously index and historicise the forms of disobedience recorded but we also describe the profiles of those who breached these power relations. These acts of disobedience are strong during the period of the beginning of the war between 1954 and 1957. During the high of the war (1957-1961), the acts of disobedience stay plenty but the sanctions only focus on the most serious cases thus giving the impression that they diminished. The end of the war ( 1961-1966), between the putsch and the departure of the French am1y, is marked by a crisis of discipline that leads to a series of reforms aiming at rebuilding the relations between the army and the citizen-soldiers
Sacriste, Fabien. "Les camps de "regroupement" : une histoire de l’État colonial et de la société rurale pendant la guerre d’indépendance algérienne (1954-1962)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20092.
Full textThis PhD concerns the displacement of rural population during the Algerian war for independence. During this conflict, the creation of “forbidden zones” by the French army ends in the transfer of nearly two million Algerians towards some camps that the militaries then called “regroupment centres”. The objective of this work consists to study the dynamics of this practice’s diffusion and its integration in the militaries strategy implemented against the National Liberation Front. Its aim is also to define the specificity of one of the major institution of this conflict: the “regroupment” camp. Essentially created for Social Control purposes, it generated in most of the cases an economic crisis for the rural population, uprooted and deprived of the access to its land, and most part of the time depending on State’s food distribution. This work try to understand how some actors, civilian or militaries, try to react to this crisis, by developing a particular policy: the “One thousand villages”, that was supposed to transform the camps into some “new villages”. This work aims to study the implementation of this double policy, on the local military, political and administrative ground, by analysing the relations between the main actors of the State. It is focused in particular on the security, social, economic activities of the officers of the Specialized Administrative Sections, which were in charge of the camp. In such a perspective, it tries to contribute to the writing of a history of Colonial State in its last algerian manifestation
Manaa, Mohammed. "Instruments médiatiques et opinion publique occidentale dans les stratégies politiques des nationalistes algériens. Le cas de New York Times." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28588.
Full textNedjar, Dahmane. "Le maquis scripturaire : mémoires d'acteurs de la Guerre d'indépendance en Algérie : la wilaya-I Aurès - Nememcha." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080060.
Full textThis study focused on two areas of the province-I -Nememcha Aures, the zone-II which corresponds to the western massif of the Aures, main focus of the insurrection of November 1, 1954, in 1956-1959 became one of outbreaks of dissent challenging the Congress of Soummam and the -I area corresponding to the region of Batna, '' capital of the Aures. '' The context of the research and voluntarily reduced, became relevant by the diversity of texts adopted in the corpus subject to a comprehensive and critical reading: they are written by a Communist, a religious reformer, a student strike, three successive heads wilaya-I-Nememcha Aures, a former dissident, a leader of zawiya, former activists of PPA-MTLD having been close Messalists during the crisis of the party, and various other documents. Long familiarity with this region of the Aures and local historiography has enabled the author of that study, not to stop the anthropological explanations, and treat issues of sociology of history, in the registering in the field of history: it is the case of dissent, a subject that can not be exhausted by the mere fact of tribalism. It remains that the profusion of memories of actors in the war of independence emerged in the late 1980s, are late and comply official memory, controlled by dogmas, constituting incapacitating myths that discourage any historical perspective when he'is the domain of the Aures. The confrontation of this voluminous literature memorial but allows to build objects of history, once these debilitating myths identified and recognized as such
Lhote, Florence. "Poétique de la distance: la guerre d'Algérie et les lettres françaises, 1987-2010." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209009.
Full textDoctorat en Langues et lettres
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Jauneau, Elodie. "La féminisation de l'armée française pendant les guerres, 1938-1962 : enjeux et réalités d'un processus irréversible." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070059.
Full textFrom July 11th, 1938, date of the law Paul-Boncour which allows for the first time a legal and official mobilization of the women, to the end of the Algerian War, the feminine staffs of the army do not stop increasing. Between 1939 and 1962, France is in war ceaselessly. Present on all the fronts since 1939, the women obtain little by little servicemen's status by the prism of the wars which succeed one another in Europe, then in Indochina and in Algeria. Defying the laws of the gender which forbade them the bearing of the military uniform, the women anticipate the legislative texts and so, force institutions to promulgate laws allowing them to reach the military career. However, this considerable overhang remains overhang in halftone because, in the term of three wars, the women stay outside the Army which limits their professional opportunities. In spite of the status of October 15th, 1951 which guarantees them career prospects on the long term, the cultural obstacles remain still numerous and the women soldiers are far from making the unanimity in the collective unconscious. The image of these women exercising a male profession in the traditionally male virtues of virility, courage and strength, sends back them constantly to the obsession of the denaturation of their biological sex. The weight of the traditions and the gendered assignments limit considerably their acceptance in the fighting memory. However, by choosing the army to serve France from the Second World War to the Algerian War, these pioneers opened the way to the feminization of the army which has never slowed down since
Ponçot, Bénédicte. "Besançon à l'heure de la décolonisation : le processus de la décolonisation vue d'une ville moyenne de province de 1945 aux années 1960." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOL011/document.
Full textThis doctoral thesis aims at assessing the impact of the decolonisation process on the population of Besançon. The study of an urban community involves taking an interest in various historiographical fields (such as the political and cultural history of both colonisation and decolonisation, as well as the Cold War). From a people's history perspective, our purpose is to grasp how people experienced decolonisation (how they understood, felt, thought, acted). This research covers the period from 1945 up to the 1960s. A two-angled approach has been applied, including comparisons on local and national levels and a thorough investigation of Besançon's social environment in and of itself. The diversity of sources (official sources, organised groups, press articles, interviews) and their comparison have allowed us to draw several conclusions. The example of Besançon demonstrates that the decolonisation process affected French society, even in areas that could be considered peripheral. It was actually less the replica of the nation's reality following a Parisian leadership than the sharing of a series of collective experiences on a nation-wide scale. These shared experiences may allow for variations, undoubtedly not restricted to the area of Besançon, which do indeed reflect local characteristics: the strength of social Catholicism, left-wing Catholics joining forces with Communists, the radical choices of key protagonists (e.g. the Rapiné trial). Finally, the Algerian War so dramatically influenced Besançon's experience of decolonisation that it created a singular history, different from the national narrative on some specific points
Scioldo-Zürcher, Yann. "Devenir métropolitain : politique d'intégration et parcours de rapatriés d'Algérie en métropole (1954-2005)." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0125.
Full textThis study takes up the history of the French repatriated settlers from Algeria, between 1954 and 2005. Adopting the social history point of view, it brings to light the way the Algerian born French have built their migratory project. In particular, it surveys their appreciating of the Algerian independence war and the way it was a source of distress for them. In the second part, we move on to the social regulations the State set up in order to welcome, integrate and pacify the repatriates. Beside the investigation of 400 laws, the study compares the social and professional routes of 10500 repatriates who settled in the Seine and Puy-de-Dôme departments. It also analyses how administrative rules, aiming specifically at integrating the repatriates, were created ex-nihilo. Eventually, the third part shows how these French people became "pied-noirs", and how the State evolved from compensation policies during the 1970s, toward the idea of a moral redress on behalf of the nation
Pérez, Amín. "Rendre le social plus politique : guerre coloniale, immigration et pratiques sociologiques d'Abdelmalek Sayad et de Pierre Bourdieu." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0032.
Full textWhat is the purpose of sociology and under what conditions can it be practical? These are the questions posed by Pierre Bourdieu and Abdelmalek Sayad in a colonial situation and that this thesis aims to restore. The first part of this thesis follows step by step the work of both ethnographers in training in the context of the independence war of Algeria and at the time of the institutionalization of sociology as a discipline. The analysis of their personal archives, faced with a series of interviews and a bibliometric study of the reception of their works, reflects the social genesis of a critical sociology, out of the political and epistemological debates of the time, and reveals the needs and constraints of a sociological approach making a way to politics. In the second part, we are interested in the becoming of Sayad a sociologist of migrations, and implicated in intellectual, administrative and militant circles. This part suives to contribute to the study of the dominated working for another possible in the field of the dominant, even considering intellectual consecration in places other than the academie world. The biographical analysis and the modes of engagement of Pierre Bourdieu and Abdelmalek Sayad is a contribution to the real possibilities of being a committed sociologist. At the crossroads of a socio-history of colonial and migration issues, of an ethnography of intellectual practices and a history of social science, this thesis renders emprically the inextricably political and scientific sense of sociological practice
Coppin, Marc. "La Côte d'Opale en guerre d'Algérie : 1954-1962." Littoral, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DUNK0294.
Full textBetween 1954 and 1962 thousands of young men from the Côte d’Opale were sent to Algeria to. In a land that was widely unknown territory to the most northern part of the home country they faced the horrors of a conflict that separated them from their families and their friends, made them lose their jobs. Three hundred and seventy-eight of those young men never came back. How did the population of the coast experience the war in their daily lives? This is a history of the Côte d’Opale through its conscripts and their families as well as their link with Algeria. On the coast, political parties and mainly left-wing trade unions, Christians and teachers took a stand against the extension of the war. However the “OAS” and the NLF also attracted some marginal commitment. From 1954 to 1958 the coast was legalist, but because the Fouth Republic was so largely discredited, General de Gaulle’s return to power was welcomed. Whenever a serious crisis arose though, as in May 1958, January 1960 and April 1961, General de Gaulle’s action was fully supported locally. In order to assuage the pain of the broken or mourning families, official bodies intervened to comfort or maintain a link with the young conscripts in Algeria. Charities and local organizations provided relief. The economic ties between the ports of the Côte d’Opale and the main colony of the country were also affected by the conflict, but relations were sustaines even after 1962. The setllement of a few repatriates and Harkis on the coast have kept alive the memory of the conflict and of its outcome. Fifty years on, speaking about the war still proves difficult
Thénault, Sylvie. "La justice dans la guerre d'Algérie." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100099.
Full textGoudal, Émilie. "La France face à son histoire : les artistes plasticiens et la guerre d’Algérie, de 1954 a nos jours." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100011.
Full textFrom 1954 to 1962, the Independence War or Algerian War — depending on whether the story is narrated from the perspective of the victors or the defeated — touched many generations of international artist, while also penetrating and pushing aesthetic questions about representations of the unspeakable. By tracing the scar of this break between France and Algeria through the prism of art, this thesis reveals the importance of a crucial historical moment, hitherto unexamined by art history, which continues to bear upon contemporary politics in France. Offering exploratory themes not only to a generation of budding artists who affirmed their social and artistic commitments during the events of Mai 68, but also to artists from postcolonial world who proclaimed a modernity without hierarchy and the writing of unsaid histories, the Algerian War produced some of the fundamental issues underpinning the contemporary French and Algerian art worlds. With the historic prescription of a fifty years’ deferral now being over, the conflicted memories of the French defeat continue to trouble the undisturbed writing and exhibition of this sequence of historical events, formative key to construction of contemporary France. Consequently, this study proposes a critical examination of the representation of this “non history” in the French museum. In so doing, it estimates the impact of a “non-consensual” history on contemporary artistic practice touched by issues of memory and politics, and which interrogate notions of identity(ies)
Ben, Aziza Wafa. "L'écriture de l'histoire ou l'écriture de la mémoire, dans Les Figuiers de Barbarie et Hôtel Saint-Georges, de Rachid Boudjedra." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3101.
Full textThe History of Algeria is a recurring theme Boudjedra’s work. It refers to the individual and collective memories induced by war. Through a subversive writing, Boudjedra mixes the memorial and the fictional elements. He is not trying to be a historian but he’s trying to make a rereading of the history. By returning to the memory of their country, characters are allowed to redact their consecutive emotions to the haunting of a past that did not pass. Nevertheless, inherent trauma of the war of Algeria remains permanent. This representation of a historical memory characterizes Boudjedra’s writing project based on flashbacks, digressions and anachronisms. The History is in the heart of Boudjedra’s literary production in the sense that it focuses its reflection on the text which is written and remembered at the same time
Korso, Malika el. "La Guerre d'Algérie à travers cinq journaux catholiques métropolitains 1954-1958." Paris, EHESS, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985EHESA009.
Full textDriouch, Mohamed. "L'évolution des conflits politiques au sein du mouvement national algérien de 1954 à 1962." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010257.
Full textThe national revolution in Algeria is born from the reformism's crisis and its powerlessness against the colonialism. In order to integrate them, the front of national liberation (FNL) antagonizes to old political parties. The integration process brings up again the problems of national leadership and the independence contents definition. So, conflicts appear between the founding fathers and the rallying staff, and between politicians and militaries. Their struggle for power lead to the army's domination that characterizes the Algeria today
Benmessaoud, Hamid. "La guerre d'Algérie dans le cinéma français." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20056.
Full textThe purpose of this work is the study as well as the analysis is of French films which, in one way or another, touch on Algeria war. This dissertation does not pretend to explore a subject which requires a dense thicket of commentary. It is about further reflexions on the way Algeria war and those who are fought in it were described by French films. In the light of the cinematographic art production. I will try to reveal an interest for Algeria and to determine some favorite topics for discussion in the cinema and especially in that historical period which stretched from 1954 to 1962. From the outset, I shall make a historical reminder of Algeria war in order to shed light on different events of that conflict and to have a good grasp of the French society as well as of the production of films related to that period. In the second chapter, my focus rests on the study of Algeria war in French film production. Under these circumstances, I will go over French films which evoke Algeria's entry into the war. So far as the rest of chapters are concerned, it will deal with topics which keep recurring in films studied
Mauss-Copeaux, Claire. "Images et mémoires d'appelés de la guerre d'Algérie, 1955-1994." Reims, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REIML003.
Full textThis dissertation in oral history is based on interviews conducted in the french Vosges area from 1990 to 1994. The 39 interviewees are former draftees who performed their military service in Algeria between 1955 and 1962. The analysis sets out to clarify how the individual memory of a historical event based on actual experience comes to express and structure itself and how it interferes with collective memory. The interviews have been confronted with documents belonging to the interviewees as well as with the archives of the shat and the local press. The method takes into account the work done on oral history particularly at the ihp based in paris, and is a combination of contents and discourse analysis. The first part is devoted to the memory-forming process. It starts with the sources used and the methodology ; then, it introduces the interviewees with their social and family background as well as their position in the military institution. The analysis of a local newpaper, la liberte de l'est, makes it possible to define the general context of the period, besides assessing the influence of the concepts imposed by the political and military powers. The second part is first a study of the relatioins between individual and collective memories, of the interactions between history and memory as well as the formation of an individual historical consciousness ; finally, it dwells on the reactions of individual memory in the face of war violence and the confusion of the boundaries between identity and alterity. The third part offers an analysis of the albums of photographs taken by the interviewees. The corpus of 2,000 photographs of the period as confronted with the interviews helps to understand the evolution of memories. An appended volume presents the transcription of six interviews, together with a selection of photographs taken by the interviewees
Ianni, Pascal. "Les supplétifs dans les guerres irrégulières (Indochine, Algérie, 1945-1962)." Paris, EPHE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE4012.
Full textThe social dimension of irregular wars demands an overall strategy allowing not only to fight the rebels in difficult tactical conditions but also to protect the civil populations to gain their support. Taking into account this social dimension implicates the deployment of numerous soldiers in order to control the ground and to gain the support of native populations. The native auxiliaries who were employed by the French army have quickly turned out to be very necessary. Their advantages are economic,military and social. Native auxiliaries cost ten times less than regular soldiers. They allowed to face lack of friendly forces in Indochina and in Algeria. Tactically, they were essential for gathering intelligence and to conquer the support of native populations. Learning from the Indochina war, French military leaders in Algeria decided to recruit among the native populations. Socially, native auxiliaries are essential for preparing peace. Irregular wars cannot any longer aim at the destruction of the adversary. Military leaders must keep in mind that the objective is to eliminate the reasons for war. Without native soldiers the confidence of the local populations cannot be won
Silva, Helenice Rodrigues da. "Le discours "d'Esprit" et des "Temps modernes" contre la guerre d'Algérie." Paris 10, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA100063.
Full textThe phenomenon of commitment is intrinsic to the discourse of the two journals "Esprit" and "les temps modernes" against the Algerian war. Anticolonialist intellectuals acted on the level of the discourse of "truth" and on the level of conscience. In order to keep a small proportion of public opinion informed about the events that were taking place in Algeria, these intellectual journals played the role of a provisional counter-power. Speech acts became synonymous with actions. By studying the discourses of these two journals, two struggle strategies are being set up; they both reflect the two different trends of thought in the intellectual left; i. E. The Christian and the progressive ones
Vartanian, Karine. "Le droit de la guerre d'Algérie : réflexions sur l'exceptionnalité." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100145.
Full textThe Algerian conflict whose incidences completed to weaken the fourth republic and which threatened to wipe out the new regime was the circumstance which made this period topple over an exceptional era. To face it, a specific legislation was passed, as a matter of urgency, giving permission for a transfer of competence to the benefit of executive. In accordance with this special prescriptive set, a reinforced preventive regime in association with extreme repression policies was made use of. However, this special measure was revealed insufficient ot reach the targets which were those of war. Consequently is real nature was to be a legal shield supporting practices which hardly were. Eventually, the exceptional legality worked out that way looked like a specific cure to the Algerian war. Nevertheless, those who thought such a thing hardly accepted this observation and some special texts were described as permanent. But the working out, just as the utilization of exceptional legislation during the Algerian war implies that this qualification was the consequence of a will hiding the arbitrary of its measures. Moreover, the management or exceptional texts, after the Algerian war tends towards to reinforce this conviction, since the permanent texts, but the
Quemeneur, Tramor. "Une guerre sans "non" ? : insoumissions, refus d'obéissance et désertions de soldats français pendant la guerre d'Algérie : 1954-1962." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA082843.
Full textThree periods of refusal comes out from the quantification of French soldiers who desert, become insubordinates or refuse to obey during the Algerian War. In 1955 and 1956, the 'demonstrations of conscripts' raise the issue of insubordination, however limited to an individual level. From 1957 to 1959, the disobedients contest inside the Army, get organized in exile for deserters and insubordinates, or in prison for the conscientious objectors and the communists 'soldiers of refusal'. The public debate blows up in 1960 with the discovery of Young Resistance, made of disobedients. Some intellectuals support them by writing the Declaration on insubordination right in the Algerian War called 'the 121 Manifesto'. Disobedients become more and more numerous, against the Algerian War or in favour of 'French Algeria' with the Secret Army Organisation. Finally, the non-violent civic action stands up in favour of conscientious objectors
Brac, de La Perrière Caroline. "Les employées de maison musulmanes en service chez les européens à Alger pendant la guerre d'Algérie, 1954-1962." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070019.
Full textTared, Zahra. "Interprétations et répercussions de la guerre d'Algérie en Lorraine." Metz, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987METZ005L.
Full textThe lorraine people were not any more pro "Algérie francaise" than anywhere else, except perhaps for personal reasons. The Lorraine people have always refused to be german ; which is why they were determined to keep Algeria french. For this reason algeria became a symbol of the Lorraine people's patriotism. We must not view this as a handy way out of going to war. Certain historical facts prove this beyond a doubt. The Lorraine officials did try to improve the standard of living of those algerians living in Lorraine, but their efforts proved in the main unsuccessful due to economic and social factors. The trade unions proposed peace, but their language was confused. For what were the Lorraine people's marches to Queuleu fort for (a torture chamber during the second world war) if not to protect the miners ? And was the mobilisation there against german rearmament not a way of demonstrating hatred of war in general ? Similary, in some extreme forms of poverty in the north african immigration problem, whether it be housing, social status, or the image of the people, is it not simply one of the aspects, however unfortunate that may be, of the social and economic changes resulting from the french-algerian war ?
Arnoux, de Maison Rouge Olivier. "L'Algérie française en procès : justice et politique devant les juridictions d'exception - 1960-1963." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF1A001.
Full textSabot, Jean-Yves. "L'entrée d'une génération en politique et la formation d'une élite : le syndicalisme étudiant et la guerre d'Algérie." Grenoble 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE21018.
Full textIn 1956, le figaro coined the phrase "one big union of students" when referring to unef (national union of french students). The expression is dated ; it nonetheless has some relevance for the study of the algerian war generation. Student unionism, represented by unef, is not specific to this generation. On the contrary, it gained all its prestige after its leaders stepped down. On the other hand, the union's hegemony in university circles, its ideological inspiration, its role, its functioning and the political context lent it an identity which it did not entirely have before the conflict and partly lost with it. Such an ephemeral "existence" constitutes the vehicle of a specific formation which is original and uneqsualled in unef's history. Its impetus spurred a generation into politics and, in this very confined context, a future elite took shape with a vocatioin involving both politics and the administration of public affairs. This thesis endeavours to depict the mpodes of union socialization for a generation of students at a time of colonial war, using the example of two unef chapters ("associations generales d'etudiants") in grenoble and dijon. It also attemps to establish the longlastingness of a model of political initiation by tracing the individual itineraries of its local and national leaders. Using a series of case studies, it establishes a correlation between the sanctions of the local chapters and the political or
Branche, Raphaëlle. "L'armée et la torture pendant la guerre d'Algérie : les soldats, leurs chefs et les violences illégales." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0037.
Full textBouayed, Anissa. "La Confédération générale du travail (C. G. T. ) et la guerre d'Algérie." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070018.
Full textMonneret, Jean. "La phase finale de la Guerre d'Algérie." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040288.
Full textIn 1962, the exodus towards France of one million Europeans settled in Algeria has often been explained by reference to the outrages committed by the OAS (Secret Army Organisation). It has in fact a variety of causes, among which the abduction of more than 3. 000 French citizens by the FLN (National Liberation Front) and uncontrolled groups ranks prominently. This historical fact has long been concealed. The void of the accords d'Évian, the ineffectiveness of the executif provisoire, (a provisional body in charge of current affairs in the interval leading to the independence) the ambiguousness of the orders conveyed to the French army are other important factors shedding light on this crucial period of time. We have chosen to call it. The final stage of the Algerian war and we are in a position to bring new contributions to the understanding of its various developments. Of course, such an analysis requires additional forays into a number of preceding events. The French government's policies before and after 1961, the rise of the secret army and its various strategies are examined thoroughly. The national liberation front's successive crises are equally studied in details. The brutal and violent events of those days have led to an important destruction of the social fabric of the emerging Algerian republic with consequences enduring to recent times
Maquin, Étienne. "Le parti socialiste S. F. I. O. Confronté à la guerre d'Algérie (1954-1958)." Reims, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1990REIML002.
Full textIn 1954, the S. F. I. O. . Took place in the centre of the french political area, owing to his strength, cohesion and arbitral behaviour towards extremisms. But, as well as the institutions of the country, the socialists felt their position abrading. When the algerian events became clearly a national independence war, in 1955, the socialists decided to take in hands the restoration of peace. The S. F. I. O. Is a preference observation subject: by the study of his reactions upon the war, the analyst can discover why the french are nowadays so fascinated and puzzled by these dark events. Nevertheless, the processing of this matter is difficult. The socialist party, as array of the power's duty, carried his distorting and filtering point of view on reality, simply because his purpose was to modify the situation. A combination of several means of analysis is necessary to measure the distance between speeches and the events that speeches were handling. This history appears consequently as a particular kind of crisis: not a break, a split; not a destruction, a removing of the S. F. I. O. From central to outlying position, of the power from the parliament to the executive, of the speech from rhetoric to proclamation, of the party from recognition to defence of the national consensus, of the charism from molletism to gaullism. That crisis did'nt resolve, but set problems: what about the republic without empire ?. .
Chominot, Marie. "Guerre des images, guerre sans image ? : pratiques et usages de la photographie pendant la guerre d'indépendance algérienne : 1954-1962." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA082937.
Full textDuring the Algerian war of independence, a conflict which officially did not carry the status of war, the two attending camps included photography in their strategies of justification and complex communication, putting into being an actual image policy. Within the internationalization of the conflict, French communication was in a continuous logic of countering the initiatives of Algerian nationalists. However, as we draw geographically near the heart of the conflict, the balance of power reverses and we clearly see a system of information being put in place by the French army and assumed by the political power, functioning also as a hegemonic system of representation of the conflict. Photography is at the heart of a vast undertaking to master the war. Used for the war (as an auxiliary of information), it's also used for the telling of it. The army organized a form of monopoly on production and diffusion of photographic images in order to master the stories given to public opinion by the media. It tried to dry up the flow of civil photographic journalism while feeding regularly the media system of diffusion which therefore sent, willingly yet compelled, a unified vision. The workings of the French system of information reveals many flaws of which creating an 'imageless war' is not the least. The invisibility of the conflict is the consequence of a system of representation which wants to be hegemonic and which, through applying successive filters, generates a banal vision
Hubert, Nicolas. "De l'encre sur la plaie : éditeurs et éditions en France pendant la Guerre d'Algérie, 1954-1962." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007VERS019S.
Full textBased on a corpus of 994 titles published, spread and read during the franco-algerian decolonization war - which was a writing war, as had been the Dreyfus affair - this thesis tries to fulfill a gap inherited from the historiography, wich until now has only studied some militant texts, and doing this, has described in a synthetic way the major role of the more mediatic actors of publishing field (Le Seuil, Minuit, Maspero). With the methods of an history of books, reading and publishing which tries to be all-embracing, we put into question the various forms (bondings, leaflets, pamphlets) and the different actors (from the administration, army, militant or professionnal sphere) having produced printing literature during the war. Contributing to the history of political, but also literary, scholar or academic publishing, this work is organized in three parts, reporting the reconfigurations operated within the publishing fields and reflecting the rythm of the production: 15% of the titles published in 1954-1956, 35% in 1957-1959 and 47% in 1960-1962. From the first intellectual mobilization of autumn 1955 and edition of l'Algérie hors la loi by the Jeanson couple to the torture denunciation campaign of summer 1957, in wich the citizens comities played a major role, a first radicalization is observed. The relative success met by the anticolonialists invalidating the official purpose of "order maintaining operations" urges the publishing houses wich dominate the field to deal with immediate history. As the cultural and political Third World is emerging, the rythm of production increases. A new radicalization arises. The regime crisis of may-june 1958 gives an occasion to deal with the war, not obliging to practice a political openness towards Algerian nationalism. A nationalist edition tries to reverse the anticolonialists campaign, while a literary edition reactivate orientalism. During the early 1960's, the praetorian (Jean Lartéguy) struggles over the roarings of the "wretched of the earth" (Franz Fanon)
Beddiar-Brahmia, Zohra. "Aspects juridiques des Accords d'Evian." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR30022.
Full textThe Evian agreements cannot be interpreted as international treaties, at least as far as the exchange of letters of july the third, 1962, for the reason that the Algerian state is issued from the dismembering of the French state, and that this dismembering seems to be effective only since the referendum of july the first, 1962. Therefore the algerian signatories of the Evian agreements could not, according to the french authorities, engage a future government. They were engaging only themselves to observe the cease-fire on one hand, and to set to work for the referendum on self-determination on the other. The approach to this question is a complete antithesis of the algerian leaders'one : the latter were considering the referendum as a simple legal instrument for the ratification of an already existing governmental decision, because at the time of independence it was by no means schemed to create an Algerian state, but to put in a concrete form its restauration, dated from september 19th, 1958. The following question is worth asking : what was the legal value of the engagement held by the interim government of the Algerian republic ? The validity of the cease-fire agreement was no problem : two belligerents agreed to stop shooting each other; the national liberation front, who was shooting the french army, was for that very reason a valid negociator, quite able to engage himself to stop shooting, and also able meanwhile to settle the frame of new Algeria. The answer to this question varies, according to the french side or the algerian one
Amrane, Djamila. "Les femmes algériennes et la guerre de libération nationale en Algérie, 1954-1962." Reims, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REIML001.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to make out the militant women's participation in algerian struggle for national independence (1954-1962). According to the fact that french and algerian archives with respect to these events are not yet available for researchers, it was necessary to rely on other sources. This work is mainly founded on two sources as far unexploited : the file of the algerian ministry of the war veterans (moudjahidine), and the oral testimonies of militant women. On the other side, the newspapers of the period have been systematically looked through. Data supplied by 10 949 attestations to militancy concerning women registered as war veterans, have made it possible, thanks to a computer treatment, to obtain reliable statistics and draw some conclusions concerning the number of militant women, their age, geographic location, date of enrolment, sorts of activities, eventual detention and mortality owing to the war. 88 interviews of militant women have been done, recorded, deciphered, then verified by cross-checks and researches. These live witnesses, by their authenticity, have made up for the human dimension lacking in the statistics. With a view to replace in a historical context the women's participation in the war, the first part of this work consists in a statement of algerian women's situation in 1954. Then, after an analysis of statistical results, the social and cultural background has been studied,. .
Chapeu, Sybille. "La Mission de France dans la guerre d'Algérie : église, politique et décolonisation." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20010.
Full textBalvet, Dominique. "Jacques Soustelle et l'Algérie française : gaullisme et antigaullisme, du Front populaire aux marges du Front national." Lille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL30037.
Full textJaulin, Emmanuel. "La gendarmerie dans la guerre d’Algérie, dépendance et autonomie au sein des forces armées." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040021.
Full textThis thesis aims to demonstrate that the relations between the French gendarmerie and army during the Algerian war has evolved according to the different phases of this conflict. As long as the political orientations were clearly in favor of Algerian integration to France, there were no major divergences within the two corps who successfully cooperated to crush the rebellion. But progressive General de Gaulle evolution toward Algerian independence from end of 1959 leads to such stress within the army and European population in Algeria that divergences arises and leads to misunderstandings and sometime real opposition
Pan, Cong. "La guerre d'Algérie et les relations franco-chinoises." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEN039.
Full textThe Algerian War (1954-1962) took place in a particular historical context of the bankruptcy of colonialism, the development of the Cold War and the emergence of the Third World. Despite the little intervention by the People’s Republic of China between 1954 and 1962, this war brought the conflicting history between East and West to a climax so that the Chinese government has always been very attentive to the development of the conflict. During the war, China received a large number of Algerian delegations, recognized the GPRA and established diplomatic relations. China’s policy towards Algeria was, on the one hand, to encourage it on the path of armed struggle which would be accompanied by the resolution of the problem through negotiations, on the other hand, to remind Algeria to prevent the United States from interfering in the internal affairs of the country. At the same time, China provided considerable aid to Algeria. The Chinese government used its support for Algeria to reaffirm its claim to embody a truly revolutionary ideology. More importantly, this support was an important element of China’s foreign policy during this period, reflecting the consciousness of China’s united front to counter the United States, the most important part of China’s diplomacy. Behind the Chinese government’s declarations, policies and actions in favor of the FLN, we also see that the Chinese government wanted to impose new bilateral relations on the French government.As the Algerian War continued from 1958 onwards, China and France undertook to make contact and to probe repeatedly on the issue of recognition and establishment of diplomatic relations. The Algerian War therefore had an impact on the development of Franco-Chinese relations. It was a major obstacle in the rapprochement between the French and Chinese governments, especially from 1958 until 1962
Hautreux, François-Xavier. "L'armée française et les supplétifs "français musulmans" pendant la guerre d'Algérie : expérience et enjeux." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA10A003.
Full textBuono, Clarisse. "Pieds-noirs d'Algérie et descendants : du devoir de mémoire au travail de deuil identitaire." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0089.
Full textThe collective memory of the french algerians appears to be the base of an old identity, perpetuated now for over a century. This thesis, which studies the construction of the different categories of identification of french algerians and their descendants, shows that it is not the case. The identity of the french algerian came about with repatriation. It is not only recent but also temporary because it is based on untransmissible bases, a singular collective memory. Studying how this identity is composed and taken apart, it becomes clear that only elements specific to an identity of "repatriated french algerains" (and no longer of pieds-noirs) could exist in the reconstruction of an identity of pieds-noirs descendants. This reconstruction, transmitted on an ideal of multicultural democracy, will not be possible if it is not done through a successful process of mourning. For, the challenge for the pied-noir descendant is not to try to integrate or not his parents' community, but to rebuild himself on that community's ruins or even to destroy it. The children cannot adopt an identity based on a pied-noir collective memory because that memory owes its very existence to elements that exclude them. The only way for the latter to procure a serene identity is to inherit a "re-worked", "non-nostalgic" parental memory from so-called "modern reconstructor" pieds-noirs
Calatayud, Bernadette. "Le contentieux de l'indemnisation des biens des rapatriés d'Algérie." Tours, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOUR1008.
Full textBousselham, Malika. "L'identité culturelle algérienne, de la colonisation à l'indépendance. Entre réalités historiques et exigences politiques." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30072.
Full text“We don’t know if we are Arabs, Berbers or French” announced Abdelaziz Bouteflika president of Algerian republic.This study will be devoted to resolve some points about Algerian cultural identity. It is not in order to recall the history of Algerian but it is in order to demonstrate that Algeria has a very rich history; varied and prestigious. Certainly, Arabic and Islam are part of Algerian cultural identity; given that other elements unknown: The country has its own cultural and history dating back thousands of years before Islam. Many civilizations literally centuries are borne in Algeria and developed in such a way that it is very Important to know and to study.This responsibility must also be seen as an opportunity to contribute and belong to a larger community sharing overarching identity with a variety to meal components
Denis, Sébastien. "L' État, l'armée et le cinéma pendant la guerre d'Algérie : des origines du conflit à la proclamation de l'indépendance : 1945-1962." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010679.
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