Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Algorithme non numérique'
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Bekkouche, Fatiha. "Étude théorique et numérique des équations non-linéaires de Sobolev." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018VALE0018/document.
Full textThe purpose of this work is the mathematical study and the numerical analysis of the nonlinear Sobolev problem. A first chapter is devoted to the a priori analysis for the Sobolev problem, where we use an explicit semidiscretization in time. A priori error estimates were obtained ensuring that the used numerical schemes converge when the time step discretization and the spatial step discretization tend to zero. In a second chapter, we are interested in the singularly perturbed Sobolev problem. For the stability of numerical schemes, we used in this part implicit semidiscretizations in time (the Euler method and the Crank-Nicolson method). Our estimates of Chapters 1 and 2 are confirmed in the third chapter by some numerical experiments. In the last chapter, we consider a Sobolev equation and we derive a posteriori error estimates for the discretization of this equation by a conforming finite element method in space and an implicit Euler scheme in time. The upper bound is global in space and time and allows effective control of the global error. At the end of the chapter, we propose an adaptive algorithm which ensures the control of the total error with respect to a user-defined relative precision by refining the meshes adaptively, equilibrating the time and space contributions of the error. We also present numerical experiments
Khelifi, Mohamed. "Algorithme de Lanczos pour le calcul numérique des valeurs et vecteurs propres de matrices non symètriques de grande taille." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10108.
Full textLê, Thi Hoai An. "Analyse numérique des algorithmes de l'optimisation D. C. . Approches locale et globale. Codes et simulations numériques en grande dimension. Applications." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES047.
Full textGentot, Laëtitia. "Adoucissement par fatigue des milieux élastomères : caractérisation, modélisation et simulation numérique." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-207-208.pdf.
Full textWangermez, Maxence. "Méthode de couplage surfacique pour modèles non-compatibles de matériaux hétérogènes : approche micro-macro et implémentation non-intrusive." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASN001.
Full textOne of the priority objectives of the aeronautics industry is to reduce the mass of structures while improving their performances. This involves the use of composite materials and the increasing use of digital simulation to optimize structures.The major challenge of this project is to be able to accurately calculate the local variations of the microstructure - for instance detected by tomography and directly modelled from tomogram - on the behavior of an architectured material part. In order to take into account the whole structure and its load effects, a multi-scale approach seems to be a natural choice. Indeed, the related models to the part and its microstructure might use different formalisms according to each scale.In this context, a coupling formulation was proposed in order to replace, in a non-intrusive way, a part of a homogenized macroscopic finite-element model by a local one described at a microscopic level. It is based on a micro-macro separation of interface quantities in the coupling area between the two models. To simplify its use in design offices, a non-intrusive iterative resolution procedure has also been proposed. It allows the implementation of the proposed coupling method in an industrial software environment that often uses closed commercial finite element codes. Different mechanical problems under linear elasticity assumption are proposed. The proposed method is systematically compared with other coupling methods of the literature and the quality of the solutions is quantified compared to a reference one obtained by direct numerical simulation at a fine scale.The main results are promising as they show, for representatives test cases under linear elasticity assumption in two and three-dimensions, solutions that are consistent with first- and second-order homogenization theories. The solutions obtained with the proposed method are systematically the best approximations of the reference solution whereas the methods of the literature are less accurate and shown to be unsuitable to couple non-compatible models.Finally, there are many perspectives due to the different alternatives of the method which could become, in an industrial context, a real analytic tool that aims to introduce a local model described at a fine scale, into a homogenized macroscopic global one
Hamouda, Leila. "Formulations mixtes et hybrides pour les équations de la magnétostatique 3D dans un domaine non borné : mise en oeuvre numérique de diverses techniques de résolution." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112079.
Full textWe present a mathematical and a numerical study of mixed and hybrid formulations for magnetostatics 3D in an unbounded domain, discretised with well-chosen finite elements. This study deals with isotrope materials without any condition on the boundary of the magnetic domain, the external problem is solved by an integral method. The first chapter is devoted to the theoritical sights of a first mixed formulation where the magnetic field and the vector potentiel are the unknowns. The existence and the unicity of the solution are established. After the discretization, the matrix system is solved by Uzawa's method. The second chapter presents a perturbation method of the linear system. Good results are obtained for the Problem 13 of the Team Work Shop. We also compared these results with those obtained when the continued problem is perturbed. We, then, deduce that our method is more advantageous than the latter. The third chapter sets out the tree-cotree technic in order to impose the unicity of the vector potential. The fourth chapter introduces the lagrange multipliers used to relax continuity constraints: the continuity of the tangential component of magnetic field and the continuity of the normal component of the induction. Linear systems obtained have block diagonal matrix. Uzawa's method and static condensation method are used to solve these systems. Good results with good accuracy are obtained. Finally, an appendix relates the purpose of a polynomial preconditioning and a code is implemented for a domain having a constant permeability
Le, Chuiton Frédéric. "Une méthode implicite non-factorisée décentrée hybride pour la simulation numérique d'écoulements autour de géométries complexes." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1999. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1781_flechuiton.pdf.
Full textThis thesis dissertation aims at studying a numerical scheme that allows accurate Navier-Stokes computations using an Euler implicit non-factorised integration. The spatial operator has been constructed by the combination of the scheme of Perthame (FVS), based on a kinetic interpretation of the Euler equations, and of the scheme of Osher (FDS). This results in one member of the hybrid upwind scheme family (HUS) introduced by Coquel & Liou, which retains the FVS robustness through non-linear waves and the FDS accuracy in capturing linear waves. The implicit operator is provided by the exact linearization of the FVS part, at first order in space, and by incorporating the boundary conditions, inter-block matching ones as well as physical ones. The subsequent linear system is approximately inverted by means of a Krylov algorithm, Bi-CGStab from Van der Vorst, and is preconditioned by an SSOR iterative method. The spatial discretization has been validated on shock tube problems and on an aerofoil profile by comparison with the scheme of Jameson. Then, the implicit integration has been assessed on bi-dimensional cases, a channel with a bump and the same aerofoil profile, and on three-dimensional cases, an isolated nacelle and a full configuration made of a truncated wing, a pylon and a nacelle. Numerical tests have demonstrated, on the one hand, a serious improvement in capturing wakes and in reducing total pressure losses, due to the hybrid scheme over a simple FVS scheme and, on the other hand, the relevance of implicit boundary conditions, the constant increase of the CFL number, a mere approximate inversion of the linear system and the efficiency of the iterative preconditioner
Enakoutsa, Koffi. "Modèles non locaux en rupture ductile des métaux." Paris 6, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01492088.
Full textIn the first part, one assess the practical hability of two proposals of modolfication of the Gurson model to circumvent the problem of unlimited strain and damage localization in this model. The assessment of the model is based on two criteria, absence of mesh size effect in finish elements computations and agreement of experimental and numerical results for some typical ductile fracture tests. The first proposal consisted of adopting some nonlocal evolution equation for the porosity involving some convolution integral. The second proposal is an extension of Gurson's condition of homogeneous boundary strain rate, to the case of conditions of inhomogeneous boundary strain rate. In the second part, one define a model for porous ductile material containing two "populations" of cavities, extending that of Perrin et al. (2000) to the case where continuous nucleation of secondary small voids is taking into account
ROLAND, Christophe. "Méthodes d'Accélération de Convergence en Analyse Numérique et en Statistique." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010238.
Full textAbassi, Oussama. "Étude des décodeurs LDPC non-binaires." Lorient, 2014. https://hal.science/tel-01176817.
Full textPuengnim, Anchalee. "Classification de modulations linéaires et non-linéaires à l'aide de méthodes bayésiennes." Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000676/.
Full textThis thesis studies classification of digital linear and nonlinear modulations using Bayesian methods. Modulation recognition consists of identifying, at the receiver, the type of modulation signals used by the transmitter. It is important in many communication scenarios, for example, to secure transmissions by detecting unauthorized users, or to determine which transmitter interferes the others. The received signal is generally affected by a number of impairments. We propose several classification methods that can mitigate the effects related to imperfections in transmission channels. More specifically, we study three techniques to estimate the posterior probabilities of the received signals conditionally to each modulation
Nus, Patrice. "Étude et implantation de méthodes d'estimation spectrale paramétriques et non paramétriques : application à l'analyse vibratoire de machines tournantes." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10020.
Full textEl, Azzouzi Khalid. "Modélisation et simulation numérique à l’échelle des fibres du comportement dynamique d’un multifilament unidirectionnel en placement de fibres robotisé." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ECDN0027.
Full textThe mechanical behavior of the carbon tow in lateral pressure characterized by the relative movement between fibers giving it a non-linear behavior because of the contact inter-fibers. The fact that the fibrous structure of the tow makes it difficult to characterize its mechanical behavior during the automated placement. The complexity of the mechanical modeling of this fibrous media at fiber scale is due to the fact that the mechanical non-linearity depends in large part to the geometric configuration of fibers, the friction between fibers and also the dynamic environment of the placement. The mechanical modeling complexity is a consequence of the tight coupling between loading and deformation directions modifying the microstructure. This thesis is in keeping with the parameter optimization of the Automated Dry Fiber Placement process with a laser heat source. In order to improve understanding the thermos-mechanical behavior of tow during placement, a dynamic model has been developed to simulate the interaction between fibers. The aim is to be able to predict the geometric configuration of fibers under loading, as well as the position of the contact points. These works are the first step to achieving the objective of identifying and optimizing process parameters in order to increase the lay down speed as well as the quality of the preform
Ounnas, Badreddine. "Étude et optimisations de jets photoniques pour des applications non conventionnelles dans les domaines optique et hyperfréquences." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET4009/document.
Full textThe work of this thesis is devoted to the study and optimization of a particular case of the scattering of electromagnetic waves. Particularly, it is about a phenomenon called the "photonic jet or electromagnetic jet (EM jet)". This is a narrow light beam concentrated in near-field with remarkable physical characteristics. In this work, a waveguide terminated by a tip with special form is used to generate the photonic jet. This thesis performs the electromagnetic modeling, the experimental characterization and the optimization of photonic jets for applications in optic and microwave field. A robust and fast method was developed to calculate the electromagnetic field generated by a dielectric object or by a waveguide terminated with a tip. It is based on the boundary integral equation method (BIEM) which uses the second Green identity. Experimental characterization of photonic jets was conducted in the microwave field around 30 GHz. The ability to generate a single and double EM jet using a tipped waveguide has been shown experimentally and theoretically by BEIM method. The single and double EM jets were used for the detection of metal objects with a size smaller than the wavelength and for imaging through opaque structures in near field. An optimization procedure based on the coupling between the BEIM and genetic algorithms has been developed to generate photonic jets with properties well defined. Optimizations of photonic jets generated by a dielectric object and by a tipped waveguide have been realized for laser micro-etching and RF imaging
Alame, Ibrahim. "Application de la géométrie différentielle des groupes de Lie à la dynamique non linéaire des milieux curvilignes." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1992. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00568707.
Full textDridi, Mehdi. "Dérivation numérique : synthèse, application et intégration." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00687239.
Full textBraci, Mohamed. "Algorithmes de différentiation numérique pour l'estimation de systèmes non linéaires." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112359.
Full textThe main motivation of this PhD dissertation is the study of numerical differentiation algorithms which are simple and efficient for signals which are available only through their samples and which are corrupted by noise. Such algorithms are building blacks of some observer structure which combining observability conditions derived from the differential algebraic approach of observability and a synthesis like Kalman observer which incorporates a measurement error (between the !rue measurement and predicted one) in a loop and a prediction device which allows to compensate for the delay created by the differentiation operators. The necessity for these algorithms to be simple (in terms of computation burden) results from the fact that they may be invoked many times in a single observer. Alter having proposed a slight improvement of the observer structure previously mentioned we have preceded to the review of simple differentiation algorithms which are candidates. As is known numerical differentiation is an ill-posed inverse problem. As all operators of this type, its practical implementation necessarily goes through regularization. A numerical differentiation scheme is precisely an operator which regularizes the differentiation. The first one we have examined is the very popular linear filter consisting of an approximate of the Laplace transform of the differentiation operator by a proper transfer function, often of first order. We have shown that we cannot content ourselves in saying that the filter bandwidth, which is the regularization parameter, should be kept small. We have obtained optimal values of the filter bandwidth as a compromise of the necessity of narrow filter bandwidth in order to efficiently filter out the noise and large filler bandwidth in order to precisely reproduce the differentiation operator. There is also a method of numerical differentiation which popular as well, it is the finite differences method. Here, loo, we have shown how to choose the sampling period in an optimal way. The so-called Savitzky-Golay differentiation scheme, very much used in experimental sciences, is also revisited: we have shown how it can be regularized. The results are applied to 2 academic examples: the estimation of the substrate in a bioreactor, and the estimation of the lateral speed of a car
Ramirez, Villalba Leidy catherine. "Towards an efficient modeling of Fluid-Structure Interaction." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ECDN0029.
Full textFSI industrial applications are often described by complex geometries and materials. In order to accurately predict their behavior, high computational costs are associated, both in time and in computational resources. To improve the quality of the prediction without penalizing the computational time, and to reduce the computational time without impacting the accuracy that is available today, two main axes are explored in this work. The first one is the study of an asynchronous algorithm that could allow the use of complex structural models. The second axis consists of the study of the strip method while combining the use of a RANS model and a non-linear FEM model. On the one hand, the study of asynchronicity in the FSI domain revealed different aspects of interest that must be addressed before the approach can be used industrially. However, a first treatment of the limitations found showed signs of an improvement that could lead to a promising algorithm, one that naturally lies between the implicit external algorithm and the implicit internal algorithm. On the other hand, it was shown that the strip method developed in this work achieves a significant reduction in calculation time while maintaining excellent accuracy
Greiner, Eric. "Mise en oeuvre de méthodes de contrôle optimal pour l'assimilation de données in situ et satellitaires dans les modèles océaniques." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066108.
Full textLefèbvre, Matthieu. "Algorithmes sur GPU pour la simulation numérique en mécanique des fluides." Paris 13, 2012. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/intranet/edgalilee_th_2012_lefebvre.pdf.
Full textNumerical simulations in fluid mechanics require tremendous computational power ; GPU computing is one of the newest approaches to accelerate such simulations. On one hand, this thesis studies the case of fluid mechanics algorithms on structured meshes. The mesh structuration naturally brings well suited memory arrangements and allows to reach guidelines when using GPUs for numerical simulations. On the other hand, we examine the case of fluid mechanics on unstructured meshes with the help of three different algorithmic strategies. The first of these technique is a reorganisation to produce consecutive data accesses, but at the cost of expensive data copies, both in time and in memory. The second technique, a cell partitioning approach, is developed and allows to extensively use modern GPUs’ cache memories. The third technique consists on a generic refinement. The initial mesh is made of coarse elements refined in the exact same way in order to produce consecutive memory accesses. This approach brings significant performance improvements for fluid mechanics simulations on unstructured meshes
Lenain, Roland. "Amélioration des méthodes de calcul de cœurs de réacteurs nucléaires dans APOLLO3 : décomposition de domaine en théorie du transport pour des géométries 2D et 3D avec une accélération non linéaire par la diffusion." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112180/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the implementation of a domain decomposition method applied to the neutron transport equation. The objective of this work is to access high-fidelity deterministic solutions to properly handle heterogeneities located in nuclear reactor cores, for problems’ size ranging from colorsets of assemblies to large reactor cores configurations in 2D and 3D. The innovative algorithm developed during the thesis intends to optimize the use of parallelism and memory. The approach also aims to minimize the influence of the parallel implementation on the performances. These goals match the needs of APOLLO3 project, developed at CEA and supported by EDF and AREVA, which must be a portable code (no optimization on a specific architecture) in order to achieve best estimate modeling with resources ranging from personal computer to compute cluster available for engineers analyses. The proposed algorithm is a Parallel Multigroup-Block Jacobi one. Each subdomain is considered as a multi-group fixed-source problem with volume-sources (fission) and surface-sources (interface flux between the subdomains). The multi-group problem is solved in each subdomain and a single communication of the interface flux is required at each power iteration. The spectral radius of the resolution algorithm is made similar to the one of a classical resolution algorithm with a nonlinear diffusion acceleration method: the well-known Coarse Mesh Finite Difference. In this way an ideal scalability is achievable when the calculation is parallelized. The memory organization, taking advantage of shared memory parallelism, optimizes the resources by avoiding redundant copies of the data shared between the subdomains. Distributed memory architectures are made available by a hybrid parallel method that combines both paradigms of shared memory parallelism and distributed memory parallelism. For large problems, these architectures provide a greater number of processors and the amount of memory required for high-fidelity modeling. Thus, we have completed several modeling exercises to demonstrate the potential of the method: 2D full core calculation of a large pressurized water reactor and 3D colorsets of assemblies taking into account the constraints of space and energy discretization expected for high-fidelity modeling
Sassi, Taoufik. "Méthodes de décomposition de domaine pour la résolution de problème d'élasticité non linéaire avec maillages incompatibles." Paris 9, 1993. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1993PA090010.
Full textFournier, Luc. "Algorithmes multigrilles parallèles pour l'accélération de calculs d'écoulements complexes en maillages non-structurés 2D et 3D." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE5616.
Full textGdoura, Mohamed Khaled. "Problème de Stokes avec des conditions aux limites non-linéaires : analyse numérique et algorithmes de résolution." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2021.
Full textThis work is a first step in the analysis of mathematical problems arising from numerical simulation of mold filling process by polymer melt which can slip on solid wall. We focus on Stokes problem with Tresca boundary conditions since numerical analysis of such problem is rare. In the first part of the manuscript we begin by setting the primal problem written as a variational inequality. The friction term is presented by a nondifferential function. Then, we propose a three field mixed formulation in which friction is dualized and div(u) = 0 is forced by the Lagrange multiplier p identified to the pressure. Existence and uniqueness of the solution of such formulation is guaranteed by continuous inf-sup condition that we prove. P1 bubble-P1 finite element for (u, p) and P1 for , defined on the Tresca boundary, are used to discretize the resulting problem. We prove that only two uncoupled discrete inf-sup conditions on the pressure p and the shear stress are sufficient to ensure the stability of the discrete problem. Optimal error estimates are derived. The second part is devoted to the estimation of the optimal value of relaxation parameters in the used algorithms, known as ALG2 & ALG3. Using equivalence between alternating-direction methods and augmented Lagrangian formulation, we write ALG2 & ALG3 as a dual evolution problem discretized by some classical splitting scheme involving multivalued maximal monotone operators. We prove the convergence of the algorithms, in continuous case, to the steady state solution of the dual evolution problem and we deduce the optimal value of relaxation parameters after stimating the rate convergence of the two algorithms. In the last part, we present two domain decomposition methods based on Uzawa algorithms to solve Stokes problem with slip boundary conditions. Numerical tests are carried out and a preconditioner is proposedfor the second approache
Chine, Abderrazek. "Algorithmes robustes en optimisation non convexe : codes et simulations numériques en grande dimension." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00340403.
Full textAl, Moatassime Hassan. "Simulations numériques d'écoulements permanents de fluides non newtoniens par une méthode multigrille." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112472.
Full textCérou, Frédéric. "Filtrage non linéaire sans bruit de dynamique : comportement en temps long et algorithmes numériques." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX11076.
Full textLagoutière, Frédéric. "Modélisation mathématique et résolution numérique de problèmes de fluides à plusieurs constituants." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001385.
Full textPicollet, Éric. "Contribution aux algorithmes de résolution non linéaire des problèmes couplés en géomécanique." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0521.
Full textBuatois, Luc. "Algorithmes sur GPU de visualisation et de calcul pour des maillages non-structurés." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00331935.
Full textGu, Xiaonan. "Structures métalliques a liaisons semi-rigides : algorithmes de calcul et résolution numérique en analyse non linéaire pré et post critique." Lyon, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAL0076.
Full textIn framework structures, the mechanical properties of joints can considerably influence the whole mechanical behaviour. In this context, a numerical finite element analysis software package is proposed for the study of the quasi static non linear behaviour of steel plane structure with arbitrary loading condition and semi rigid connection. The approximated and updated Lagrangian description is used. The Newton-Raphson method in conjunction with the Crisfield's arc-length methods allowing limit points to be « passed automatically » is used to describe the whole reponse for problems with geometrical and material non linearity. In the formulation, a special beam-column finite element obtained form the complete non linear form of the virtual work principle is associated with a multi linear moment-axial force interaction low and with some models of non linear connections. A so called connection matrix is built to deal with the coupling effects between nodes connections and beam columns. This matrix simplifies the interactive equilibrium algorithm without any specific addition nodal parameter. The validity and interest of the proposed models are shown using some examples with elastic and post elastic behaviour following first and second order analysis
Deshpande, Lalita Narhar. "Des algorithmes rapides pour la validation croisée sur des problèmes d'approximation non linéaires." Grenoble 1, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00337860.
Full textBlusseau, Samy. "On salience and non-accidentalness : comparing human vision to a contrario algorithms." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DENS0042/document.
Full textThe present dissertation compares the human visual perception to computer vision algorithms based on a mathematical model called a-contrario theory. To this aim, it focuses on two visual tasks that are at the same time easy to model and convenient to test in psychophysical experiments. Both tasks consist in the perceptual grouping of oriented elements, namely Gabor patches. The first one is the detection of alignments and the second one extends to curves, that is to say to more general arrangements of elements in good continuation. In both cases, alignments and curves, psychophysical experiments were set up to collect data on the human visual perception in a masking context.The non-accidentalness principle states that spatial relations are perceptually relevant when their accidental occurrence is unlikely. The a-contrario theory is a formalization of this principle, and is used in computer vision to set detection thresholds accordingly. In this thesis, the a-contrario framework is applied in two practical algorithms designed to detect non-accidental alignments and curves respectively. These algorithms play the part of artificial subjects for our experiments.The experimental data of human subjects is then compared to the detection algorithms on the very same tasks, yielding two main results. First, this procedure shows that the Number of False Alarms (NFA), which is the scalar measure of non-accidentalness in the a-contrario theory, strongly correlates with the detection rates achieved by human subjects on a large variety of stimuli. Secondly,the algorithms' responses match very well the average behavior of human observers.The contribution of this thesis is therefore two-sided. On the one hand, it provides a rigorous validation of the a-contrario theory's relevance to estimate visual thresholds and implement visual tasks in computer vision. On the other hand, it reinforces the importance of the non-accidentalness principle in human vision.Aiming at reproducible research, all the methods are submitted to IPOL journal, including detailed descriptions of the algorithms, commented reference source codes, and online demonstrations for each one
Moussaed, Carine. "Modèles variationnels dynamique et hybride pour la simulation numérique d'écoulements turbulents." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20130/document.
Full textThis work is a contribution to the numerical simulation of turbulent flows with the aim of industrial application. At first, we focus on a new combination "VMS-LES/dynamic procedure" for the simulation of flows around circular and square cylinders. The VMS-LES approach adopted in this work is original in using an averaging procedure over agglomerated finite volumes in order to separate the scales, the dynamic approach being the one introduced by Germano in LES. A RANS/VMS-LES hybrid approach is then evaluated on the circular cylinder test case at high Reynolds numbers. This approach introduces a hybridization parameter which privileges the RANS model or the VMS-LES model according to the grid resolution. Finally, the performance of a two-level Schwarz algorithm, which uses the deflation and balancing methods, are examined in terms of efficiency and scalability in the context of VMS-LES simulations
Huyan, Pengfei. "Electromagnetic digital actuators array : characterization of a planar conveyance application and optimized design." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2178/document.
Full textIn mechanical or mechatronical systems, actuators are the components used to convert input energy, generally electrical energy, into mechanical tasks such as motion, force or a combination of both. Analogical actuator and digital actuator are two common types of actuators. Digital actuators have the advantages of open-loop control, low energy consumption and etc compared to analogical actuators. However, digital actuators present two main drawbacks. The manufacturing errors of these actuators have to be precisely controlled because, unlike to analogical actuators, a manufacturing error cannot be compensated using the control law. Another drawback is their inability to realize continuous tasks because of their discrete stroke. An assembly of several digital actuators can nevertheless realize multi-discrete tasks. This thesis focuses on the experimental characterization and optimization design of a digital actuators array for planar conveyance application. The firs main objective of the present thesis is focused on the characterization of the existing actuators array and also a planar conveyance application based on the actuators array. For that purpose, a modeling of the actuators array and experimental test has been carried out in order to determine the influence of some parameters on the actuators array behavior. The second objective is to design a new version of the actuators array based on the experience of the first prototype. An optimization of the design has then been realized using genetic algorithm techniques while considering several criteria
Yang, Minglin. "Computation of light scattering, radiation force, torque and stress of large non-spherical particles with Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm and Vectorial Complex Ray Model." Rouen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ROUES055.
Full textBen, Gharbia Ibtihel. "Résolution de problèmes de complémentarité. : Application à un écoulement diphasique dans un milieu poreux." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00776617.
Full textRoland, Christophe. "Méthodes d'accélération de convergence en analyse numérique et en statistique." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-Roland.pdf.
Full textAbou, Khachfe Refahi. "Résolution numérique de problèmes inverses 2D non linéaires de conduction de la chaleur par la méthode des éléments finis et l'algorithme du gradient conjugué : validation expérimentale." Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT2045.
Full textNguyen, Thi Thanh. "Algorithmes gloutons orthogonaux sous contrainte de positivité." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0133/document.
Full textNon-negative sparse approximation arises in many applications fields such as biomedical engineering, fluid mechanics, astrophysics, and remote sensing. Some classical sparse algorithms can be straightforwardly adapted to deal with non-negativity constraints. On the contrary, the non-negative extension of orthogonal greedy algorithms is a challenging issue since the unconstrained least square subproblems are replaced by non-negative least squares subproblems which do not have closed-form solutions. In the literature, non-negative orthogonal greedy (NNOG) algorithms are often considered to be slow. Moreover, some recent works exploit approximate schemes to derive efficient recursive implementations. In this thesis, NNOG algorithms are introduced as heuristic solvers dedicated to L0 minimization under non-negativity constraints. It is first shown that the latter L0 minimization problem is NP-hard. The second contribution is to propose a unified framework on NNOG algorithms together with an exact and fast implementation, where the non-negative least-square subproblems are solved using the active-set algorithm with warm start initialisation. The proposed implementation significantly reduces the cost of NNOG algorithms and appears to be more advantageous than existing approximate schemes. The third contribution consists of a unified K-step exact support recovery analysis of NNOG algorithms when the mutual coherence of the dictionary is lower than 1/(2K-1). This is the first analysis of this kind
Boudjelaba, Kamal. "Contribution à la conception des filtres bidimensionnels non récursifs en utilisant les techniques de l’intelligence artificielle : application au traitement d’images." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2015/document.
Full textThe design of finite impulse response (FIR) filters can be formulated as a non-linear optimization problem reputed to be difficult for conventional approaches. In order to optimize the design of FIR filters, we explore several stochastic methodologies capable of handling large spaces. We propose a new genetic algorithm in which some innovative concepts are introduced to improve the convergence and make its use easier for practitioners. The key point of our approach stems from the capacity of the genetic algorithm (GA) to adapt the genetic operators during the genetic life while remaining simple and easy to implement. Then, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed for FIR filter design. Finally, a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) is proposed for the design of digital filters. The algorithm is composed of a pure genetic process and a dedicated local approach. Our contribution seeks to address the current challenge of democratizing the use of GAs for real optimization problems. Experiments performed with various types of filters highlight the recurrent contribution of hybridization in improving performance. The experiments also reveal the advantages of our proposal compared to more conventional filter design approaches and some reference GAs in this field of application
Khoury, Jawad. "Optimisation de dimensionnement et de fonctionnement d’un système photovoltaïque assistant un réseau électrique intermittent pour une application résidentielle." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CERG0763/document.
Full textThis thesis addresses the issue of intermittent primary energy source in several developing countries and considers, in particular, the case study of Lebanon. A PV-battery backup system is proposed and assessed as a replacement of the grid energy during daily power outage periods for a high energy consuming residential house. The proposed system topology introduces more critical conditions and additional constraints on the operation of the system compared to standard on-grid or standalone PV systems. The main concern is to provide permanent electricity supply to the house, reduce the resulting fees, and ensure high performance and reliability of the backup system while respecting the residents’ comfort levels. This thesis aims at thoroughly assessing the suitability of the proposed backup system by focusing on various aspects of the system. First, its configuration is optimized through the development of a detailed economic study estimating the resulting fees over its 20-year lifetime. The sizing process is formulated as an optimization problem having the sole objective of minimizing the overall cost of the system. Furthermore, a detailed comparative study of various water heating techniques is conducted to the end of determining the most suitable configuration to be coupled with the proposed backup solution. Second, the thesis targets the operation optimization of the PV-battery system by implementing a Demand Side Management (DSM) program aiming at preventing the occurrence of loss of power supply to the house while maintaining high comfort levels to the inhabitants and respecting the operation constraints of the system. The control is divided into several layers in order to manage predictable and unpredictable home appliances. The strength of the developed control lies in ensuring the complete coordination between all the components of the installation: the grid, PV panels, battery storage, and the load demand. The benefits of the DSM are proven to go beyond the operation optimization of the system since they highly affect the sizing of the backup, and by extension, the overall resulting cost. The established program is optimized for the hardware implementation process by ensuring a low memory consumption and fast decision making. The developed C codes of the full DSM program are implemented on ARM Cortex-A9 processors. The simulation and implementation results show that the developed management program is highly generic, flexible, accurate, fast, and reliable.The results presented in this thesis validate that the proposed PV-Battery backup system is highly suitable to assist unreliable grids. It outperforms currently installed Diesel Generators and demonstrates a remarkable reliability especially when coupled with the developed DSM program
Giraud, Remi. "Algorithmes de correspondance et superpixels pour l’analyse et le traitement d’images." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0771/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on several aspects of image analysis and processing with non local methods. These methods are based on the redundancy of information that occurs in other images, and use matching algorithms, that are usually patch-based, to extract and transfer information from the example data. These approaches are widely used by the computer vision community, and are generally limited by the computational time of the matching algorithm, applied at the pixel scale, and by the necessity to perform preprocessing or learning steps to use large databases. To address these issues, we propose several general methods, without learning, fast, and that can be easily applied to different image analysis and processing applications on natural and medical images. We introduce a matching algorithm that enables to quickly extract patches from a large library of 3D images, that we apply to medical image segmentation. To use a presegmentation into superpixels that reduces the number of image elements, in a way that is similar to patches, we present a new superpixel neighborhood structure. This novel descriptor enables to efficiently use superpixels in non local approaches. We also introduce an accurate and regular superpixel decomposition method. We show how to evaluate this regularity in a robust manner, and that this property is necessary to obtain good superpixel-based matching performances
Dakroub, Jad. "Analyse a posteriori d'algorithmes itératifs pour des problèmes non linéaires." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066259/document.
Full textThe numerical resolution of any discretization of nonlinear PDEs most often requires an iterative algorithm. In general, the discretization of partial differential equations leads to large systems. As the resolution of large systems is very costly in terms of computation time, an important question arises. To obtain an approximate solution of good quality, when is it necessary to stop the iteration in order to avoid unnecessary iterations? A posteriori error indicators have been studied in recent years owing to their remarkable capacity to enhance both speed and accuracy in computing. This thesis deals with a posteriori error estimation for the finite element discretization of nonlinear problems. Our purpose is to apply a new method that allows us to reduce the number of iterations of the resolution system while keeping a good accuracy of the numerical method. In other words, our goal is to apply a new method that provides a remarkable gain in computation time. For a given nonlinear equation we propose a finite element discretization relying on the Galerkin method. We solve the discrete problem using two iterative methods involving some kind of linearization. For each of them, there are actually two sources of error, namely discretization and linearization. Balancing these two errors can be very important, since it avoids performing an excessive number of iterations. Our results lead to the construction of computable upper indicators for the full error. Similarly, we apply this approach to the Navier-Stokes equations. Several numerical tests are provided to evaluate the efficiency of our indicators
Liu, Siwei. "Apport d'un algorithme de segmentation ultra-rapide et non supervisé pour la conception de techniques de segmentation d'images bruitées." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4371.
Full textImage segmentation is an important step in many image processing systems and many problems remain unsolved. It has recently been shown that when the image is composed of two homogeneous regions, polygonal active contour techniques based on the minimization of a criterion derived from information theory allow achieving an ultra-fast algorithm which requires neither parameter to tune in the optimized criterion, nor a priori knowledge on the gray level fluctuations. This algorithm can then be used as a fast and unsupervised processing module. The objective of this thesis is therefore to show how this ultra-fast and unsupervised algorithm can be used as a module in the conception of more complex segmentation techniques, allowing to overcome several limits and particularly:- to be robust to the presence of strong inhomogeneity in the image which is often inherent in the acquisition process, such as non-uniform illumination, attenuation, etc.;- to be able to segment disconnected objects by polygonal active contour without complicating the optimization strategy;- to segment multi-region images while estimating in an unsupervised way the number of homogeneous regions in the image.For each of these three problems, unsupervised segmentation techniques based on the optimization of Minimum Description Length criteria have been obtained, which do not require the tuning of parameter by user or a priori information on the kind of noise in the image. Moreover, it has been shown that fast segmentation techniques can be achieved using this segmentation module, while keeping reduced implementation complexity
Khalid-Naciri, Abdalilah. "Test par microcalculateur de réseaux arborescents de postes NAND, NOR, de multiplexeurs." Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10004.
Full textDuarte, Max. "Méthodes numériques adaptatives pour la simulation de la dynamique de fronts de réaction multi-échelles en temps et en espace." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00667857.
Full textDe, Anda Salazar Jorge. "Development of variational models and algorithmic strategies for coupled problems." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECDN0058.
Full textA modeling approach and numericalsolution techniques for coupled problems are proposed based on variational principles. The modeling is based on a variational approach used in specific types of coupled problems. The proposed model is generalized for coupled problems independently of the types of physics on which they are based. Different numerical solution strategies are derived from the proposed variational models. These strategies can be linked to empirical strategies such as « global/local" and/or « staggered" approaches. The proposed models and the resolution techniques are presented for different 1D examples. The generalized model is used in electrochemistry and a variational model for a lithium-ion battery is derived. The variational framework is also used to compare different existing models for the battery electrolyte
Sodjo, Jessica. "Modèle bayésien non paramétrique pour la segmentation jointe d'un ensemble d'images avec des classes partagées." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0152/document.
Full textThis work concerns the joint segmentation of a set images in a Bayesian framework. The proposed model combines the hierarchical Dirichlet process (HDP) and the Potts random field. Hence, for a set of images, each is divided into homogeneous regions and similar regions between images are grouped into classes. On the one hand, thanks to the HDP, it is not necessary to define a priori the number of regions per image and the number of classes, common or not.On the other hand, the Potts field ensures a spatial consistency. The arising a priori and a posteriori distributions are complex and makes it impossible to compute analytically estimators. A Gibbs algorithm is then proposed to generate samples of the distribution a posteriori. Moreover,a generalized Swendsen-Wang algorithm is developed for a better exploration of the a posteriori distribution. Finally, a sequential Monte Carlo sampler is defined for the estimation of the hyperparameters of the model.These methods have been evaluated on toy examples and natural images. The choice of the best partition is done by minimization of a numbering free criterion. The performance are assessed by metrics well-known in statistics but unused in image segmentation
Baptiste, Julien. "Problèmes numériques en mathématiques financières et en stratégies de trading." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED009.
Full textThe aim of this CIFRE thesis is to build a portfolio of intraday algorithmic trading strategies. Instead of considering stock prices as a function of time and a brownian motion, our approach is to identify the main signals affecting market participants when they operate on the market so we can set up a prices model and then build dynamical strategies for portfolio allocation. In a second part, we introduce several works dealing with asian and european option pricing