Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Algorithmes coopératifs'
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Mouloua, Zerouk. "Ordonnancements coopératifs pour les chaînes logistiques." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00606329.
Full textBasseur, Matthieu. "Conception d'algorithmes coopératifs pour l'optimisation multi-objectif : application aux problèmes d'ordonnancement de type flow-shop." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-Basseur.pdf.
Full textEnsuite, nous proposons de faire coopérer AGA avec des méthodes dédiées à l'intensification de la recherche. Nous proposons un premier type de coopération avec PLS (Recherche Locale Pareto) en proposant différents algorithmes de type recherche mimétique. Les tests effectués sur les différentes coopérations montrent l'intérêt d'utiliser un algorithme d'exploration (AGA), ainsi que l'efficacité des coopérations adaptives entre différents algorithmes. Puis, nous proposons une coopération originale avec l'algorithme MOPR (Path Relinking Multi-Objectif). Pour cela nous avons défini différents mécanismes pour adapter les algorithmes de path-relinking au cas multi-objectif. Ce type d'approche est très prometteur. Enfin, les approches coopératives avec la méthode exacte bi-objectif TPM (Méthode Deux Phases) ont été envisagées. Trois approches ont été proposées, une exacte et deux heuristique. Les expérimentations ont permis d'améliorer sensiblement les meilleures solutions obtenues. Les différentes approches testées, montrent l'intérêt des mécanismes de transition adaptative entre algorithmes, ainsi l'apport réalisé par l'utilisation de méthodes d'optimisation très différentes, dans le cadre de l'optimisation multi-objectif
Koriche, Frédéric. "Raisonnement approximatif dans les systèmes à base de connaissances coopératifs." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20005.
Full textCahon, Sébastien. "ParadisEO : une plate-forme pour la conception et le déploiement de métaheuristiques parallèles hybrides sur clusters et grilles." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-115.pdf.
Full textDans le cadre de l'ACI GRID DOC-G, nous nous sommes intéressés à la " gridification" de la plate-forme. Nous montrons que le déploiement sur environnements de Méta-Computing n'est pas immédiat. Différentes problématiques ont été identifiées: l'hétérogénéité matérielle et logicielle, la volatilité des ressources, de longs délais de communication, le passage à l'échelle, etc. Afin d'assurer un déploiement sûr et efficace à l'exécution, nous proposons diverses solutions en terme d'algorithmique. Divers aspects ont été considérés et relèvent de l'asynchronisme des communications, de la mise en oeuvre conjointe de plusieurs modèles parallèles hiérarchiques et enfin du checkpointing au niveau applicatif. Dans sa phase de validation, la plate-forme ParadisEO a été évaluée sur plusieurs problèmes académiques et réels. Deux applications industrielles ont été modélisées et traitées: le design de réseaux cellulaires en téléphonie mobile (contrat France Telecom R&D) et la sélection d'attributs en fouille de données spectroscopiques. Les expérimentations réalisées successivement sur grappes de SMPs dédiées et sur un réseau enseignement de stations non dédiées ont permis d'obtenir des résultats significatifs sur des instances de grande taille. Ils montrent la performance à l'exécution des différents modèles parallèles supportés par ParadisEO et ce, sur différentes architectures (parallèles et/ou distribuées)
Belmega, Elena Veronica. "Problèmes d'allocation de ressources dans les réseaux MIMO sans fil distribués." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00556223.
Full textAutuori, Julien. "Energie, coopération méta-heuristiques et logique floue pour l'optimisation difficile." Thesis, Troyes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TROY0036/document.
Full textIn this thesis, the solution space exploration by the metaheuristic is developed. The metaheuristics optimization methods are used to solve NP-hard problems. They explore randomly the search space to look for the best solutions. In a first step, the solution set is modeled by a one-dimensional space by a Mapping Method (MaM). Metrics are proposed to evaluate the search space exploration by a metaheuristic, identifying the explored and unexplored zones. These metrics are used to guide the search space exploration of an optimization method. The convergence is improved by emphasizing the research in the zones explored. To get out local minima, the exploration is diversified by pointing it towards the unexplored zones. Combining the neighbour discovery of the solutions and these mapping metrics, it is possible to improve the performance of metaheuristics. Several single-objective and multi-objective algorithms are implemented in the classic version, hybridized with local search and MaM. The Flexible Job Shop Problem (FJSP) is used as a reference problem. The experimentations with hybridized algorithms show performance improved
Beaude, Olivier. "Modélisation et optimisation de l'interaction entre véhicules électriques et réseaux d'électricité : apport de la théorie des jeux." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS131/document.
Full textThis thesis studies the technical and economical interaction between electric vehicles and electrical networks. The recent development of electric mobility leads to the analysis of potential impacts of electric vehicle charging on the electrical networks, but also to the possible support that these particular electric consumers could provide in the future smart grids. In this direction, most of the results given in this thesis also apply to a washing machine, a water-heater, a TV, as soon as these equipments are capable of being smart! When the decisions of flexible electric consumers interact, the considered framework naturally offers a unique exercise area for the tools of game-theory. The interpretation is straightforward when the considered problem is strategic by definition, but these tools allow also shedding light on other aspects: algorithmic coordination, information exchange, etc. The description of the benefits of using game-theory in this context is the aim of this work. This is done according to three aspects. In these three directions, a particular attention is drawn to the case of rectangular charging profiles, which are very practical, but often ignored by the literature. First, algorithmic issues arise when coordinating the charging of electric vehicles in a same area of the electrical network. A charging algorithm is proposed and analyzed. This is done by studying an underlying auxiliary game. This game is proved to belong to the class of potential games under very general physical and economic assumptions. In turn, it inherits from the strong properties of this class of games, namely convergence and an efficiency result in the case of a large number of electric vehicles. Considering information exchange, a model is proposed to design a good communication scheme between an operator of the electrical system and an electric vehicle. Both agents have an interest in exchanging information to schedule optimally the charging profile of the electric vehicle but they do not share the same objective. This framework is closely related to Cheap-talk in game theory and to quantization in signal processing. Amongst others, this work explains interesting connections between both topics. Furthermore, a method, which is used offline, is given to obtain a good communication mechanism between both agents. Finally, game theory is used in its traditional form, studying the strategic interaction when groups of a large number of electric vehicles – seen as fleets – coexist with individual vehicles. This allows the application of the very recent concept of composite games. In the three parts of the work, simulations are conducted in a French realistic distribution network, which could be the first part of the electrical system severely impacted by a non-coordinated charging. This highlights the robustness of rectangular charging profiles against forecasting errors on the parameters of the models
Heguy, Olivier. "Architecture comportementale pour l'émergence d'activités coopératives en environnement virtuel." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30208.
Full textSteiner, Moritz. "Structures et Algorithmes pour la coopération pair-à-pair." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004443.
Full textGargouri, Emna. "Ordonnancement coopératif en industrie agroalimentaire." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-325.pdf.
Full textVin, Isabelle Kyoko. "Algorithmes de localisation de mobiles en milieu urbain en mode non-coopératif." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10126/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to propose mobile localization methods in urban environments for civil safety/security applications. The localization system must be based on a dedicated network of receivers, independent of the provider base stations and mobiles. The purpose is to accurately locate a mobile in a limited area. To meet this punctual and immediate need of localization, it was considered that at most two receivers (RS) equipped with antenna arrays can be deployed. This allows the extraction of the geometrical characteristics of the channel used for localization by a high resolution algorithm (HRA). The proposed localization algorithm is based on a fingerprinting technique and uses a deterministic ray tracing channel model. First, an experimental multidimensional characterization of the propagation channel was performed to compare with experimental channels. The localization algorithm is tested for synthetic environments in order to predict the localization errors caused by the HRA. Then, it was experimentally validated with deliberately unfavorable propagation configurations, encountered with typical scenarios. An original approach based on polarization diversity allows improving the localization accuracy. If for strategic or financial reasons, it is not possible to use two RS, a second localization algorithm is proposed to reduce the area to be explored, using only one mobile RS. It is based on a reverse ray tracing approach and includes a phase of identification of the diffracted rays of the channel
Adouane, Lounis. "Architectures de contrôle comportementales et réactives pour la coopération d'un groupe de robots mobiles." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00128160.
Full textAwad, Mohamad M. "Mise en oeuvre d'un système coopératif adaptatif de segmentation d'images multicomposantes." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S031.
Full textDans le domaine de la télédétection, l'exploitation des images acquises par divers capteurs présente un large champ d'investigation et pose de nombreux problèmes à tous les niveaux dans la chaîne de traitement des images. Aussi, le développement d’approches de segmentation et de fusion optimisées et adaptatives, s’avère indispensable. La segmentation et la fusion sont deux étapes essentielles dans tout système de reconnaissance ou d’interprétation par vision: Le taux d'identification ou la qualité de l'interprétation dépend en effet, étroitement de la qualité de l'analyse et la pertinence des résultats de ces phases. Bien que le sujet ait été étudié en détail dans la littérature, il n'existe pas de méthodes universelles et efficaces de segmentation et de fusion qui permettent une identification précise des classes d'une image réelle lorsque celle-ci est composée à la fois de régions uniformes (faible variation locale de luminance) et texturées. En outre, la majorité de ces méthodes nécessitent des connaissances a priori qui sont en pratique difficilement accessibles. En outre, certaines d’entre elles supposent l'existence de modèles dont les paramètres doivent être estimés. Toutefois, une telle approche paramétrique est non robuste et ses performances sont sévèrement altérées par l’ajustement de l'utilisation de modèles paramétriques. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, un système coopératif et adaptatif de segmentation des images multicomposantes est développé. Ce système est non-paramétrique et utilise le minimum de connaissances a priori. Il permet l’analyse de l'image à plusieurs niveaux hiérarchiques en fonction de la complexité tout en intégrant plusieurs méthodes dans les mécanismes de coopération. Trois approches sont intégrées dans le processus coopératif: L’Algorithme Génétique Hybride, l'Algorithme des C-Moyennes Floues, le Réseau de Kohonen (SOM) et la modélisation géométrique par ’’Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline’’. Pour fusionner les différents résultats issus des méthodes coopératives, l’algorithme génétique est appliqué. Le système est évalué sur des images multicomposantes satellitaires et aériennes. Les différents résultats obtenus montrent la grande efficacité et la précision de ce système
Guerid, Hachem. "Systèmes coopératifs décentralisés de détection et de contre-mesures des incidents et attaques sur les réseaux IP." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0079/document.
Full textThe problem of botnets, networks of infected hosts controlled remotely by attackers, is a major concern because of the number of infected hosts and associated threats, like distributed denial of service (DDoS), spams, and data theft. State of the art solutions to fight against botnets have major limitations in a context of a network operator (scalability of the solution, confidentiality and privacy of users). In this thesis, we propose four network-based contributions to fight against botnets. Each solution address a different and complementary issue in this area: the first contribution tracebacks the source of denial of service attacks which threaten the network availability, allowing by that way to identify infected devices used to perpetrate these attacks. The second contribution detects the communications between infected computers and their command and control server (C&C) in a large scale network and offers the opportunity to block these servers to minimize the risk of future attacks. The third contribution enables collaborative detection of botnets in an inter-domain and inter-operator context in order to fight against the highly distributed aspect of these botnets. Finally, the last contribution mitigates botnets by slowing down the communication between infected hosts and their C&C server, providing a countermeasure against evasion techniques developed by cybercriminals to make their botnets more resilient
Meghdadi, Hamid. "Formation de faisceaux coopératifs pour transmissions multiutilisateurs par relais." Limoges, 2011. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/6bc3bf02-a1af-45ee-bf57-bee7da961fd7/blobholder:0/2011LIMO4041.pdf.
Full textThe demand for high speed reliable communication systems will never stop increasing. Many challenges face researchers trying to provide such systems and schemes. Cooperative networks have been successfully used to enhance the performance of telecommunication systems. Among different cooperative strategies, distributed cooperative relaying have shown to be a promising scheme. This dissertation addresses the problem of optimizing the precoding vectors in order to improve the system performance of multi-user multi-relay cooperative networks. Precoding vectors are used to cancel out the multiple access interference, maximize the signal to noise ratio at the destination, and optimize the power allocation at relaying stations
Barbier, Johann. "Analyse de canaux de communication dans un contexte non coopératif." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003711.
Full textHéry, Elwan. "Localisation coopérative de véhicules autonomes communicants." Thesis, Compiègne, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019COMP2516.
Full textTo be able to navigate autonomously, a vehicle must be accurately localized relatively to all obstacles, such as roadside for lane keeping and vehicles and pedestrians to avoid causing accidents. This PhD thesis deals with the interest of cooperation to improve the localization of cooperative vehicles that exchange information. Autonomous navigation on the road is often based on coordinates provided in a Cartesian frame. In order to better represent the pose of a vehicle with respect to the lane in which it travels, we study curvilinear coordinates with respect to a path stored in a map. These coordinates generalize the curvilinear abscissa by adding a signed lateral deviation from the center of the lane and an orientation relative to the center of the lane taking into account the direction of travel. These coordinates are studied with different track models and using different projections to make the map-matching. A first cooperative localization approach is based on these coordinates. The lateral deviation and the orientation relative to the lane can be known precisely from a perception of the lane borders, but for autonomous driving with other vehicles, it is important to maintain a good longitudinal accuracy. A one-dimensional data fusion method makes it possible to show the interest of the cooperative localization in this simplified case where the lateral deviation, the curvilinear orientation and the relative positioning between two vehicles are accurately known. This case study shows that, in some cases, lateral accuracy can be propagated to other vehicles to improve their longitudinal accuracy. The correlation issues of the errors are taken into account with a covariance intersection filter. An ICP (Iterative Closest Point) minimization algorithm is then used to determine the relative pose between the vehicles from LiDAR points and a 2D polygonal model representing the shape of the vehicle. Several correspondences of the LiDAR points with the model and different minimization approaches are compared. The propagation of absolute vehicle pose using relative poses with their uncertainties is done through non-linear equations that can have a strong impact on consistency. The different dynamic elements surrounding the ego-vehicle are estimated in a Local Dynamic Map (LDM) to enhance the static high definition map describing the center of the lane and its border. In our case, the agents are only communicating vehicles. The LDM is composed of the state of each vehicle. The states are merged using an asynchronous algorithm, fusing available data at variable times. The algorithm is decentralized, each vehicle computing its own LDM and sharing it. As the position errors of the GNSS receivers are biased, a marking detection is introduced to obtain the lateral deviation from the center of the lane in order to estimate these biases. LiDAR observations with the ICP method allow to enrich the fusion with the constraints between the vehicles. Experimental results of this fusion show that the vehicles are more accurately localized with respect to each other while maintaining consistent poses
Kacem, Imed. "Ordonnancement multicritère des job-shops flexibles : formulation, bornes inférieures et approche évolutionniste coopérative." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-3.pdf.
Full textDeux approches ont été développées dans ce modèle. La première est l'Approche par Localisation (AL). Elle permet de construire un ensemble de solutions en minimisant les critères liés à la répartition des ressources dans le cas des job-shops flexibles. La deuxième est une approche basée sur des techniques à stratégie d'évolution contrôlées pour améliorer la qualité des solutions données par l'AL. Dans ce cadre, trois nouveaux codages ont été mis en œuvre tout en développant les opérateurs génétiques associés. En outre, quelques aspects modulaires de cette méthode sont également présentés dans le troisième chapitre. Dans le cinquième chapitre, nous illustrons la mise en oeuvre des différentes approches proposées sur un jeu de données afin d'évaluer leurs performances. Nous présentons également quelques comparaisons à d'autres méthodes. De plus, nous validons la méthode proposée sur une grande série d'exemples pratiques. Enfin, nous concluons ce mémoire en rappelant les grandes lignes des travaux menés et en présentant quelques perspectives de recherche futures concernant les possibles applications réelles de l'approche développée
Chanet, J. P. "Algorithme de routage coopératif à qualité de service pour des réseaux ad hoc agri-environnementaux." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00343131.
Full textChanet, Jean-Pierre. "Algorithme de routage coopératif à qualité de service pour des réseaux ad hoc agri-environnementaux." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF21745.
Full textSamir, Sara. "Approches coopératives pour certaines classes de problèmes d'optimisation non convexe : Algorithmes parallèles / distribués et applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0039.
Full textIn this thesis, we are interested in developing new cooperative approaches for solving some classes of nonconvex problems which play a very important role to model real-world problems. To design the schemes of our approaches, we combine several algorithms which we call the component (participant) algorithms. The combination is mainly based on DC (Difference of Convex Functions) and DCA (DC Algorithm) with metaheuristics. To develop our solution methods, we use the paradigm of parallel and distributed programming. Therefore, each process deals with an algorithm and communicates with the others by calling the functions of the MPI (Message Passing Interface) library which is a communication protocol in parallel and distributed programming. Besides the introduction and conclusion, this thesis is composed of four chapters. Chapter 1 concerns the theoretical and algorithmic tools serving as a methodological basis for the following chapters. Chapter 2 is about the mixed binary linear programs. To solve these problems, we propose a cooperative approach between DCA and VNS (Variable Neighborhood Search). Since the scheme is constituted by two algorithms, we use the point to point communication between the processes. As an application, we adapt our scheme to solve the capacitated facility location problem. Concerning chapter 3, we study the class of binary quadratic problems. Regarding the solution methods, we develop a cooperation between DCA-like which is a new version of DCA and two other metaheuristics: GA (Genetic Algorithm) and MBO (Migrating Birds Optimization). The exchange of information between the processes is expressed by using collective communication's function. More precisely, we call a function which allows broadcasting information of a process to all the others at the same time. This cooperative approach is adapted to the quadratic assignment problem. In chapter 4, we solve the MSSC (Minimum-Sum-of-Squares Clustering) using two cooperative approaches. The first combines DCA, VNS, and TS (Tabu Search). As for the second, it combines the MBO with the other three algorithms cited before. In these two approaches, we use a function of communication that allows a process to access the memories of the others and save the information there without blocking the work of the receiving processes
Auger, Charles. "Algorithme récursif de coopération de courtiers visant à optimiser l'utilisation des ressources de communication." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ67685.pdf.
Full textKsairi, Nassar. "Techniques d'allocation de ressources et de coopération pour futurs systèmes de communications sans fil." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112032.
Full textIn this thesis, we address two major problems related to the maximization of the spectral efficiency of future systems of wireless communications. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to the problem of resource allocation for the downlink of cellular OFDMA systems. Under some assumptions, we characterize the global solution to this problem. We furthermore propose a simple suboptimal resource allocation algorithm that can be implemented in a distributed fashion. The proposed allocation algorithm has the following remarkable property: Its total transmit power becomes equal to the power of an optimal resource allocation as the number of users tends to infinity. Finally, we analytically characterize a relevant value of the frequency reuse factor. In the second part of the thesis, we propose a static relaying protocol for single-relay networks. The proposed protocol is based on a Decode-or-Quantize-and-Forward (DoQF) approach. Unlike most of the relevant existing relaying schemes, the latter approach is likely to be implemented with practical coding-decoding structures at both the relay and the destination nodes. The performance of the DoQF for transmission over slow fading channels is analyzed in the high SNR regime
Lassoued, Khaoula. "Localisation de robots mobiles en coopération mutuelle par observation d'état distribuée." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2289/document.
Full textIn this work, we study some cooperative localization issues for mobile robotic systems that interact with each other without using relative measurements (e.g. bearing and relative distances). The considered localization technologies are based on beacons or satellites that provide radio-navigation measurements. Such systems often lead to offsets between real and observed positions. These systematic offsets (i.e, biases) are often due to inaccurate beacon positions, or differences between the real electromagnetic waves propagation and the observation models. The impact of these biases on robots localization should not be neglected. Cooperation and data exchange (estimates of biases, estimates of positions and proprioceptive measurements) reduce significantly systematic errors. However, cooperative localization based on sharing estimates is subject to data incest problems (i.e, reuse of identical information in the fusion process) that often lead to over-convergence problems. When position information is used in a safety-critical context (e.g. close navigation of autonomous robots), one should check the consistency of the localization estimates. In this context, we aim at characterizing reliable confidence domains that contain robots positions with high reliability. Hence, set-membership methods are considered as efficient solutions. This kind of approach enables merging adequately the information even when it is reused several time. It also provides reliable domains. Moreover, the use of non-linear models does not require any linearization. The modeling of a cooperative system of nr robots with biased beacons measurements is firstly presented. Then, we perform an observability study. Two cases regarding the localization technology are considered. Observability conditions are identified and demonstrated. We then propose a set-membership method for cooperativelocalization. Cooperation is performed by sharing estimated positions, estimated biases and proprioceptive measurements. Sharing biases estimates allows to reduce the estimation error and the uncertainty of the robots positions. The algorithm feasibility is validated through simulation when the observations are beacons distance measurements with several robots. The cooperation provides better performance compared to a non-cooperative method. Afterwards, the cooperative algorithm based on set-membership method is tested using real data with two experimental vehicles. Finally, we compare the interval method performance with a sequential Bayesian approach based on covariance intersection. Experimental results indicate that the interval approach provides more accurate positions of the vehicles with smaller confidence domains that remain reliable. Indeed, the comparison is performed in terms of accuracy and uncertainty
Chaillot, Mathias. "Une architecture de contrôle réactif pour la résolution coopérative de problèmes." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG0111.
Full textLiefooghe, Arnaud. "Métaheuristiques pour l'optimisation multiobjectif : approches coopératives, prise en compte de l'incertitude et application en logistique." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00464166.
Full textBriñon, Arranz Lara. "Commande coopérative d'une flottille de véhicules autonomes sous-marins avec contraints de communication." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00700986.
Full textHamie, Jihad. "Contributions pour la localisation basée sur les réseaux corporels sans fil." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920213.
Full textLeBel, Philippe. "Développement d'un algorithme de cinématique d'interaction appliqué sur un bras robotique dans un contexte de coopération humain-robot." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34460.
Full textBazco, Nogueras Antonio. "Fundamental Limits and Algorithms in Decentralized and Cooperative Wireless Networks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS172.
Full textNetwork cooperation is known to bring multiplicative gains under certain ideal assumptions. However, current wireless settings cope with many challenging constraints, as tight delay constraints, fast-changing channels, or rate-limited backhaul links. The topic of analyzing how the non-fulfillment of the ideal hypotheses impacts the performance has generated great interest in the research community. Nevertheless, the main focus has been on settings in which the imperfect information is shared by all the nodes, which is not feasible in many scenarios. This thesis aims for shedding light on the performance of cooperative settings in which the information available at each node may be different. We focus on the distributed Network MIMO. This setting is characterized by two main aspects: The perfect sharing of the user's information data and the imperfect sharing of the channel information. We start by characterizing the Degrees-of-Freedom metric of the setting, which is an approximation of the capacity at high SNR. The contribution is twofold, as we provide both achievable schemes that considerably outperform the solutions in the literature and upper-bounds that illustrate up to which scale the distributed setting is harmed with respect to the perfect-sharing setting. The second perspective consists in restricting the transmission to the conventional paradigm of Zero-Forcing and analyzing the achievable rate at high SNR to understand whether the performance losses from decentralized information can be accurately calculated. We propose a novel zero-forcing scheme tailored to the decentralized configuration that asymptotically attains the centralized rate
Lherbier, Régis. "Étude d'une méthode de coopération entre capteurs pour la localisation dynamique d'un robot mobile." Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD763.
Full textSellaouti, Aymen. "Méthode collaborative de segmentation et classification d'objets à partir d'images de télédétection à très haute résolution spatiale." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAD032/document.
Full textObject based image analysis is a rising research area in remote sensing. However, existing approaches heavily rely on the object construction process, mainly due to the lack of interaction between the two steps, i.e., Construction and identification.In this thesis, we focused on the study of the construction phase (i.e., segmentation) as a basis for the proposed approaches. The first proposed approach is based on a hierarchical semantic growth. This approach allows merging region-growing algorithms and Object Based Image Analysis approaches. Due to the dependency of the semantic growth on the seed class, we propose two adaptations of the approach on the most used class in the urban context, i.e., roadsand buildings. The second approach benefits of both multi-agent systems and genetic algorithms characteristics. It overcomes the threshold’s dependency of the proposed cooperative multi-agent system between an edge approach and a region approach. The genetic algorithm is used to automatically find building extraction parameters for each agent based on expert knowledge. The proposed approaches have been validated on a very high-resolution image of the urban area of Strasbourg
Zhang, Yi. "Estimation du canal pour les réseaux de capteurs sans-fil utilisant les techniques de diversité coopérative." Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECDM0007.
Full textWu, Jia. "Utilisation de la conduite coopérative pour la régulation de trafic dans une intersection." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00703165.
Full textNgoko, Yanik. "L'Approche du portfolio d'algorithmes pour la construction des algorithmes robustes et adaptatifs." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00786253.
Full textDenis, Benoît. "Exploitation des Capacités de Radiolocalisation des Transmissions Ultra-Large Bande dans les Réseaux Sans-Fil." Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00508437.
Full textSahin, Serdar. "Advanced receivers for distributed cooperation in mobile ad hoc networks." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0089.
Full textMobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are rapidly deployable wireless communications systems, operating with minimal coordination in order to avoid spectral efficiency losses caused by overhead. Cooperative transmission schemes are attractive for MANETs, but the distributed nature of such protocols comes with an increased level of interference, whose impact is further amplified by the need to push the limits of energy and spectral efficiency. Hence, the impact of interference has to be mitigated through with the use PHY layer signal processing algorithms with reasonable computational complexity. Recent advances in iterative digital receiver design techniques exploit approximate Bayesian inference and derivative message passing techniques to improve the capabilities of well-established turbo detectors. In particular, expectation propagation (EP) is a flexible technique which offers attractive complexity-performance trade-offs in situations where conventional belief propagation is limited by computational complexity. Moreover, thanks to emerging techniques in deep learning, such iterative structures are cast into deep detection networks, where learning the algorithmic hyper-parameters further improves receiver performance. In this thesis, EP-based finite-impulse response decision feedback equalizers are designed, and they achieve significant improvements, especially in high spectral efficiency applications, over more conventional turbo-equalization techniques, while having the advantage of being asymptotically predictable. A framework for designing frequency-domain EP-based receivers is proposed, in order to obtain detection architectures with low computational complexity. This framework is theoretically and numerically analysed with a focus on channel equalization, and then it is also extended to handle detection for time-varying channels and multiple-antenna systems. The design of multiple-user detectors and the impact of channel estimation are also explored to understand the capabilities and limits of this framework. Finally, a finite-length performance prediction method is presented for carrying out link abstraction for the EP-based frequency domain equalizer. The impact of accurate physical layer modelling is evaluated in the context of cooperative broadcasting in tactical MANETs, thanks to a flexible MAC-level simulator
Ourari, Samia. "De l'ordonnancement déterministe à l'ordonnancement distribué sous incertitudes." Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1267/.
Full textThis work presents the study of two scheduling problems. The former concerns the exact and centralised resolution of a single machine problem, and the latter, the distributed and cooperative resolution of a job shop, each machine being viewed as an actor having its own decision autonomy. For both problems, dominance conditions are used, in the first case, in order to reduce the algorithmic complexity for seeking feasible or optimal solutions, and in the second case, to increase the ability of each actor to face uncertainties. In the first part, a theorem, stated in the early eighties, is recalled that allows to characterize a set of dominant solutions, considering a one-machine sequencing problem. On the basis of the theorem, new analytical and numerical dominance conditions are established that allow to tighten the set of dominant sequences. Then original and efficient mathematical formulations, in the form of integer linear programs, are proposed for modelling and solving single machine problems. Two kinds of criterion are considered : the minimization of the maximum lateness and the minimization of the number of tardy jobs. In the second part, the job shop scheduling problem is studied, using a multi-actor framework, assuming that each actor manages one machine. Taking into account the decisional autonomy and the own objectives of each actor, scheduling is seen as a distributed and dynamic function, where the global solution emerges from negotiations among the actors. We assume that each actor builds up its own local organisation in a robust way, having an imprecise and partial knowledge of the other actor's organisation. We particularly show how maintaining on each actor a set of dominant job sequences so that the worst performance can be bounded. Then a new scheduling approach is sketched where actors initiate point-to-point negotiation, in a distributed way, so as to progressively converge toward trade-off decisions that balance local and global objectives
Kora, Ahmed Dooguy. "Architectures de systèmes multi-antennes et estimation de canal." Limoges, 2007. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/241afd90-c661-4dd7-b438-97f2173da556/blobholder:0/2007LIMO4053.pdf.
Full textThis work concerns the study of multiple antenna systems which are expected to be a promising solution for the next generation of wireless networks. Space-time coding and channel estimation as two essential aspects of wireless networks were addressed in this manuscript. We first assume that the channel is perfectly known and in this case STBC, STTC decoding and layered systems were presented. In addition various appropriate methods of channel estimation were considered and applied to above-mentioned decoders. For Data Aided scheme, we have considered variety of channel estimation methods ranging from direct least-square methods to iterative optimization. A new joint channel estimation and decoding EM algorithm is proposed and applied to OFDM turbo blast detectors. For semi-blind techniques, various subspace method were mentioned. Moreover a new MIMO OFDM channel estimation is proposed. The problem of channel estimation for distributed antenna is outlined. Besides, there are lots of numerical results that show the performance of these algorithms and justify our new methods
Ben, Saad Seifallah. "Conception d'un algorithme de coordination hybride de groupes de robots sous-marins communicants. Application : acquisition optique systématique et détaillée des fonds marins." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0052/document.
Full textIn the underwater environment, the needs of data acquisition have significantly increased over the last decades. As electromagnetic waves show poor propagation in sea water, acoustical sensing is generally preferred. However, the emergence of small and low cost autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) allow for rethinking the underwater use of optical sensors as their small coverage can be significantly improved by using a fleet of coordinated underwater robots.This paper presents a strategy to coordinate the group of robots in order to systematically survey the seabed to detect small objects or singularities. The proposed hybrid coordination strategy is defined by two main modes. The first mode relies on a swarm algorithm to organize the team in geometrical formation. In the second mode, the robot formation is maintained using a hierarchical coordination. A finite state machine controls the high level hybrid strategy by defining the appropriate coordination mode according to the evolution of the mission. Before sea validation, the behavior and the performance of the hybrid coordination strategy are first assessed in simulation. The control of individual robots relies on visual servoing, implemented with the OpenCV library, and the simulation tool is based on Blender software.The dynamics of the robots has been implemented in a realistic way in Blender by using the Bullet solver and the hydrodynamic coeficcients estimated on the actual robot. First results of the hybrid coordination strategy applied on a fleet of 3 AUV’s, show execution of a video acquisition task by a group of autonomous robots controlled by vision and coordinated by a hybrid strategy
Danloup, Nicolas. "Les problèmes de collectes et livraisons avec collaboration et transbordements : modélisations et méthodes approchées." Thesis, Artois, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ARTO0203/document.
Full textCollaborative logistics have become recently an important element for many companies to improve their supply chains efficiency. In this thesis, we study pickup and delivery problems to improve supply chains efficiency thanks to collaborative transportation. The thesis was part of the European project SCALE (Step Change in Agri-food Logistics Ecosystem). Firstly, two metaheuristics are proposed and studied to solve the Pickup and Delivery Problem with Transshipments. These metaheuristics are compared with literature works and the results of several instances are improved. Secondly, a mathematical model for a pickup and delivery problem (PDVRP) is proposed. This model is used to study the benefits of collaboration on transportation. It is applied on random data and on a case study from SCALE with real data. Finally, a model for a particular PDVRP is presented. In this model, the shipments have to cross exactly two transshipments nodes between their pickup and delivery points. This problem is inspired by a second case study made during the project SCALE. This allows to highlight the importance of collaboration and transshipment in the field of goods transportations
Hamie, Jhad. "Contributions pour la localisation basée sur les réseaux corporels sans fil." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00942019.
Full textFrénoy, Antoine. "Second order selection pressures promoting the evolution and maintenance of cooperation in microbial and in silico systems." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05T050/document.
Full textIn the first part, I show how digital organisms adapt their genomes to encode cooperation-related genes in a more constrained way (evolvability suppression), especially using operons and overlaps also involving essential genes. In the second part, we experimentally test this view of gene overlaps as an evolutionary constraint, using both algorithmic and synthetic biology tools that we have developed. In the third part, I use agent-based simulations to show how a form of division of labour can be interpreted as a cooperative system in the light of modern evolutionary theory. In the final part, I show that the patterns of dispersal of cooperative alleles due to hitchhiking phenomena play an important role in the evolution of cooperation. The last result holds even though the hitchhiking mechanisms also applies to non-cooperative alleles, thanks to the relatedness (at cooperation-related loci) created by the local invasion of beneficial mutations (at loci not related to cooperation). The beneficial mutations form a complex and interesting equilibrium with mutational robustness, which I investigate using in silico evolution. On the whole, these results call for a more careful consideration of the second-order selection pressures in the study of social evolution, and show the necessity for more realistic models allowing to integrate such evolutionary forces. My thesis research specifically highlights the importance of the mutational landscape in the study of microbial populations and shows the increasing potential of synthetic biology as a tool to study such landscape and microbial evolution in general
Arib, Souhila. "Mécanismes de formation de coalitions d’agents dans les processus de planification." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090027.
Full textThe work we present, in this thesis, focuses on the coalition formation problem for self-interested agents which plan their activities in multi-agents systems. As a first step, we have proposed, a mechanism that is based on the analysis of the agents' actions in their plans and reasoning about the plans of others. Additionally, we have addressed the problem of coalition formation with dynamic constraints and preferences that agents reveal and communicate to others during their negotiations. Finally, we have refined our coalition formation mechanism allowing a guided search of the coalitions by building a tree of constraints and a tree of coalitions. Each tree is explored by means of the Monte-Carlo algorithm
Nassif, Roula. "Estimation distribuée adaptative sur les réseaux multitâches." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4118/document.
Full textDistributed adaptive learning allows a collection of interconnected agents to perform parameterestimation tasks from streaming data by relying solely on local computations and interactions with immediate neighbors. Most prior literature on distributed inference is concerned with single-task problems, where agents with separable objective functions need to agree on a common parameter vector. However, many network applications require more complex models and flexible algorithms than single-task implementations since their agents involve the need to estimate and track multiple objectives simultaneously. Networks of this kind, where agents need to infer multiple parameter vectors, are referred to as multitask networks. Although agents may generally have distinct though related tasks to perform, they may still be able to capitalize on inductive transfer between them to improve their estimation accuracy. This thesis is intended to bring forth advances on distributed inference over multitask networks. First, we present the well-known diffusion LMS strategies to solve single-task estimation problems and we assess their performance when they are run in multitask environments in the presence of noisy communication links. An improved strategy allowing the agents to adapt their cooperation to neighbors sharing the same objective is presented in order to attain improved learningand estimation over networks. Next, we consider the multitask diffusion LMS strategy which has been proposed to solve multitask estimation problems where the network is decomposed into clusters of agents seeking different
Kang, Yue. "Sensor-based navigation for robotic vehicles by interaction of human driver and embedded intelligent system." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2291.
Full textThis thesis presents an approach of cooperative navigation control pattern for intelligent vehicles in the context of human-vehicle interaction, in which human driver and autonomous servoing system cooperate for the purpose of benefiting from mutual advantages of manual and auto control. The navigation of the vehicle is performed in parallel by the driver and the embedded intelligent system, based on the perception of the environment. The cooperative framework we specify concerns the analysis and correction of the human navigation gestures by the intelligent system for the purpose of performing local navigation tasks of road lane following with obstacle avoidance. The human-vehicle interaction algorithm is based on autonomous servoing components as Visual Servoing (VS) controllers and obstacle avoidance method Dynamic Window Approach (DWA) based on Occupancy Grid, which are supported by the environment perception performed carried out by on-boarded sensors including a monovision camera and a LIDAR sensor. Given the technical/legal impossibility of validating our interaction method on our robotic vehicle (a robotic Renault Zoé), the driver-in-the-loop structures of system are designed for simulative environment of both Matlab and SCANeRTM Studio. In Matlab environment human driver is modeled by a code-based Human Driver Behaviour (HDB) Controller, which generates potential dangerous behaviors on purpose as manual control of the cooperative system. In SCANeR Studio environment the HDB is replaced by real-time manual command (a real human driver) via driving interface of this simulator. Results of simulative validation show the feasibility and performance of the cooperative navigation system with respect to tasks of driving security including road lane following, obstacle avoidance and safe distance maintenance
Wen, Guoguang. "Distributed cooperative control for multi-agent systems." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818774.
Full textDkhil, Hamdi. "Optimisation des systèmes de stockage de conteneurs dans les terminaux maritimes automatisés." Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0011/document.
Full textAIn our study, we consider two optimization problems in automated container terminals at import; the first is the vehicle scheduling problem; and the second is the integrated problem of location assignment and vehicle scheduling. In the first part of our study, we propose different traffic layout adapted to the two studied problems and to every kind of automated container terminal. We also introduce relevant reviews of literature treating the optimization of container handling systems at maritime terminal, the optimization of general automated guided vehicle system and the multi-objective optimization in general, and in particular context of maritime container terminals. In the second part, we resolve the planning of QC-AV-ASC (Quay Cranes-Automated Vehicles - Automated Stacking Cranes). We present an effective model for every kind of traffic layout. Moreover, we propose an efficient bi-objective model which is important to determine the optimal storage time and the minimal number of required AVs. CPLEX resolutions are used to prove the efficiency of our modelling approach. In the third part of this thesis, we explore a problem which has not been sufficiently studied: the integrated problem of location assignment and vehicle scheduling (IPLAVS), in Maritime Automated Container Terminal (MACT) at import. This part represents a new and realistic approach of MACT optimization considering mono-objective and multi-objective aspect
Koco, Sokol. "Méthodes ensembliste pour des problèmes de classification multi-vues et multi-classes avec déséquilibres." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4101/document.
Full textNowadays, in many fields, such as bioinformatics or multimedia, data may be described using different sets of features, also called views. For a given classification task, we distinguish two types of views:strong views, which are suited for the task, and weak views suited for a (small) part of the task; in multi-class learning, a view can be strong with respect to some (few) classes and weak for the rest of the classes: these are imbalanced views. The works presented in this thesis fall in the supervised learning setting and their aim is to address the problem of multi-view learning under strong, weak and imbalanced views, regrouped under the notion of uneven views. The first contribution of this thesis is a multi-view learning algorithm based on the same framework as AdaBoost.MM. The second part of this thesis proposes a unifying framework for imbalanced classes supervised methods (some of the classes are more represented than others). In the third part of this thesis, we tackle the uneven views problem through the combination of the imbalanced classes framework and the between-views cooperation used to take advantage of the multiple views. In order to test the proposed methods on real-world data, we consider the task of phone calls classifications, which constitutes the subject of the ANR DECODA project. Each part of this thesis deals with different aspects of the problem
Karsai, Márton. "COMPORTEMENT COOPÉRATIF DANS DES SYSTÈMES COMPLEXES." Phd thesis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00403922.
Full textAprès une brève introduction, j'ai résumé les points capitaux en relation avec les résultats théoriques. J'ai brièvement abordé le sujet des transitions de phase et des phénomènes critiques, de même que la théorie des classes d'universalité et des exposants critiques. Ensuite j'ai introduit les modèles statistiques important qui sont examinés plus tard dans la thèse et j'ai donné une petite description des modèles désordonnés. Dans le chapitre suivant, j'ai tout d'abord mis en avant les définitions de la théorie des graphes dont j'ai eu besoin pour introduire les structures géométriques appliquées et j'ai passé en revue les principales propriétés des réseaux régulières et j'ai défini les conditions de bord généralement utilisées. J'ai terminé ce chapitre avec une petite introduction sur les réseaux complexes. Le chapitre suivant contient les méthodes numériques appliquées que j'ai utilisées au cours des études numériques. J'ai écrit quelques mots sur les méthodes de Monte-Carlo et j'ai introduit l'algorithme d'optimisation combinatoire utilisé, et ses justifications mathématiques. Pour terminer j'ai décrit mes propres techniques pour générer des réseaux sans échelle.
Suite à cette introduction théorique les résultats scientifiques ont été présentés de la manière suivante:
Le 1er sujet auquel je me suis intéressé est une étude des transitions de phase hors équilibre dans les réseaux sans échelle de longueur, où la distribution des connectivités était ajustée, de telle façon qu'une transition de phase puisse être réalisée même dans les réseaux réalistes ayant un degré exposant γ ≤ 3. Le système hors équilibre étudié était le "contact process" qui est un modèle de réaction-diffusion appartenant à la classe d'universalité de la percolation dirigé.
Le deuxième problème que j'ai étudié fut le modèle de Potts aléatoire ferromagnétique avec de grandes valeurs de $q$ sur des réseaux évolutifs sans échelle. Ce problème est équivalent à un problème de coopération optimale, où les agents essaient de trouver une situation optimale, où les bénéfices de coopération de paire (ici les couplages de Potts) et la somme totale du support, qui est la même pour tous les projets (introduite ici comme la température), sont maximisés. Une transition de phase apparaît dans le système entre un état où tous les agents sont corrélés, et un état désordonné à haute température. J'ai examiné ce modèle en utilisant un algorithme d'optimisation combinatoire sur les réseaux de Barabási-Albert sans échelle de longueur avec des couplages homogènes et aussi avec des couplages pondérés par des variables aléatoires indépendantes, suivant une distribution quasi-continue avec différents intensité de désordre.
Le troisième problème examiné fut en rapport également avec le modèle de Potts ferromagnétique aléatoire à grand nombre d'états. J'ai examiné la densité critique des amas qui touchent l'un ou l'autre des bords dans une géométrie rectangulaire. Conformément à une prédiction de la théorie conforme je me suis attendu au même comportement que celui dérivé exactement pour la percolation critique dans des bandes infinies. J'ai calculé des moyennes à l'aide de l'algorithme d'optimisation combinatoire mentionné ci-dessus et j'ai comparé les moyennes numériques aux courbes théoriques attendues.
Le dernier problème que j'ai étudié fut le modèle antiferromagnétique d'Ising bidimensionnel sur réseau triangulaire à température zéro en l'absence de champ extérieur. Ce modèle a été intensément étudié au cours des deux dernières décennies, dans la mesure où il montre les caractéristiques exotiques à l'équilibre due à la frustration géométrique. Cependant des explications contradictoires ont été publiées dans la littérature à propos du comportement dynamique en hors équilibre, suivant qu'il était caractérisé par une croissance diffusive avec correction logarithmique ou par une dynamique sous diffusives avec des exposants effectifs. Mon but fut de trouver des preuves indépendantes pour l'une des explications et d'examiner le comportement dynamique dans le régime de vieillissement.