Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Algorithmes quantiques'
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Lopez, Acevedo Olga Lucia. "Marches quantiques généralisées pour l'algorithmique quantique." Cergy-Pontoise, 2005. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/05CERG0258.pdf.
Full textWe have studied quantum algorithms with the purpose of calculating a matrix permanent with a quantum computer. After constructing some algorithms, we started to study the quantum equivalent of a random walk. These walks have been introduced hoping to build new quantum algorithms from them. We started by generalizing the existing model of quantum walk and started a classification of the walks defined on Cayley graphs of the simplest groups. We studied then quantum walks over the hypercube and simple lattices in one and two dimensions and we obtained an analytical expression for the wave function, in order to explore numerically quantities such as the hitting time and the variance. Finally, we also extended two existing theorems about the existence of quantum scalar walks and about the weak limit of the walk. These results enable us to consider the classification of more complex graphs with an aim of obtaining structural information on the quantum sub-algorithms that can be constructed
Lopez, Acevedo Olga. "Marches quantiques généralisées pour l'algorithmique quantique." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169212.
Full textSanselme, Luc. "Algorithmes quantiques dans les groupes nilpotents." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112297.
Full textWe start off this Ph. D. Thesis with giving the definition of a black-box group and reminding some algorithm associated with this group representation. Then, we put forward a new definition of a quantum black-box group. We explain precisely this new approach and we enumerate the main algorithms associated to this notion. After that, we give some algorithm of quantum computational group theory in solvable groups and in some subclasses of these solvable groups such as nilpotent groups, p-groups or extraspecial groups. Finally, we present a new result that was proved during this thesis. We show that we can solve efficiently, with a quantum computer, the hidden subgroup problem in extraspecial and nilpotent group of class 2. In addition, we give some reduction of the Hidden subgroup problem in nilpotent groups of higher classes. The last chapter of this thesis shows how to solve some system of quadratic equations over a finite field. This result is needed to solve the Hidden subgroup problem in nilpotent groups of class 2
Blais, Alexandre. "Algorithmes et architectures pour ordinateurs quantiques supraconducteurs." Thèse, Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5018.
Full textChatterjee, Yagnik. "Méthodes d'optimisation variationnelles quantiques et leurs applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UMONS022.
Full textQuantum computing is a rapidly developing field that has seen a huge amount of interest in the last couple of decades due to its promise of revolutionizing several domains of business and science. It presents a new way of doing computations by making use of fundamental properties of quantum mechanics such as superposition and entanglement. Optimization, on the other hand, is a field that is omnipresent in the industry and where small improvements can have a significant impact. This thesis aims to tackle optimization problems using quantum algorithms.NP-hard optimization problems are not believed to be exactly solvable through general polynomial time algorithms. Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) to address such combinatorial problems have been of great interest recently. Such algorithms are heuristic and aim to obtain an approximate solution. The hardware, however, is still in its infancy and the current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers are not able to optimize industrially relevant problems. Moreover, the storage of qubits and introduction of entanglement require extreme physical conditions.An issue with contemporary quantum optimization algorithms such as the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is that they scale linearly with problem size. To tackle this issue, we present the LogQ encoding, using which we can design quantum variational algorithms that scale logarithmically with problem size - opening an avenue for treating optimization problems of unprecedented scale on gate-based quantum computers. We show how this algorithm can be applied to several combinatorial optimization problems such as Maximum Cut, Minimum Partition, Maximum Clique and Maximum Weighted Independent Set (MWIS). Subsequently, these algorithms are tested on a quantum simulator with graph sizes of over a hundred nodes and on a real quantum computer up to graph sizes of 256. To our knowledge, these constitute the largest realistic combinatorial optimization problems ever run on a NISQ device, overcoming previous problem sizes by almost tenfold.Next, we apply the LogQ encoding to two use-cases for large companies such as TotalEnergies. Fleet conversion is the process of transitioning a fleet of vehicles to more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives. It is modeled as a column generation scheme with the MWIS problem as the sub-problem or worker problem. We use the LogQ method to solve the MWIS Workers and demonstrate how quantum and classical solvers can be used together in a hybrid manner to approach an industrial-sized use-case. Mesh segmentation refers to the process of dividing a complex mesh (composed of vertices, edges, and faces) into meaningful and semantically coherent parts or regions. Mesh segmentation plays an important part in computer modeling, which is extensively used in the core domains of TotalEnergies' activities such as Earth imaging, physical modeling for reservoirs, and others. We define the problem as a graph optimization problem and use the LogQ encoding to solve it
Jaffali, Hamza. "Étude de l'Intrication dans les Algorithmes Quantiques : Approche Géométrique et Outils Dérivés." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCA017.
Full textQuantum entanglement is one of the most interesting phenomenon in Quantum Mechanics, and especially in Quantum Information. It is a fundamental resource in Quantum Computing, and its role in the efficiency and accuracy of quantum algorithms or protocols is not yet fully understood. In this thesis, we study quantum entanglement of multipartite states, and more precisely the nature of entanglement involved in quantum algorithms. This study is theoretical, and uses tools mainly coming from algebraic geometry.We focus on Grover’s and Shor’s algorithms, and determine what entanglement classes are reached (or not) by these algorithms, and this is the qualitative part of our study. Moreover, we quantitatively measure entanglement, using geometric and algebraic measures, and study its evolution through the several steps of these algorithms. We also propose original geometrical interpretations of the numerical results.On another hand, we also develop and exploit new tools for measuring, characterizing and classifying quantum entanglement. First, from a mathematical point of view, we study singularities of hypersurfaces associated to quantum states in order to characterize several entanglement classes. Secondly, we propose new candidates for maximally entangled states, especially for symmetric and fermionic systems, using polynomial invariants and geometric measure of entanglement. Finally, we use Machine Learning, more precisely the supervised approach using neural networks, to learn how to recognize algebraic varieties directly related with some entanglement classes
Amouzou, Grâce Dorcas Akpéné. "Etude de l’intrication par les polynômes de Mermin : application aux algorithmes quantiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCK063.
Full textThis thesis explores the measurement of entanglement in certain hypergraph states, in certain quantum algorithms like the Quantum Phase estimation and Counting algorithms as well as in reactive agent circuits, using the geometric measurement of entanglement, tools from Mermin polynomials and coefficient matrices. Entanglement is a concept present in quantum physics that has no known equivalent to date in classical physics.The core of our research is based on the implementation of entanglement detection and measurement devices in order to study quantum states from the point of view of entanglement.With this in mind, calculations are first carried out numerically and then on a quantum simulator and computer. Indeed, three of the tools used can be implemented on a quantum machine, which allows us to compare theoretical and "real" results
Moutenet, Alice. "Nouveaux algorithmes pour l’étude des propriétés d’équilibre et hors d’équilibre des systèmes quantiques fortement corrélés." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAX026.
Full textWhat do stars in a galaxy, drops in a river, and electrons in a superconducting cuprate levitating above a magnet all have in common? All of these systems cannot be described by the isolated motion of one of their parts. These singular properties emerge from particles and their interactions as a whole: we talk about the emph{many-body problem}.In this Thesis, we focus on properties of strongly-correlated systems, that obey quantum mechanics. Analytical methods being rapidly limited in their understanding of these materials, we develop novel numerical techniques to precisely quantify their properties when interactions between particles become strong.First, we focus on the equilibrium properties of the layered perovskite Sr2IrO4, a compound isostructural to the superconducting cuprate La2CuO4,where we prove the existence of a pseudogap and describe the electronic structure of this material upon doping.Then, in order to address the thermodynamic limit of lattice problems, we develop extensions of determinant Monte Carlo algorithms to compute dynamical quantities such as the self-energy. We show how a factorial number of diagrams can be regrouped in a sum of determinants, hence drastically reducing the fermionic sign problem.In the second part, we turn to the description of nonequilibrium phenomena in correlated systems.We start by revisiting the real-time diagrammatic Monte Carlo recent advances in a new basis where all vacuum diagrams directly vanish.In an importance sampling procedure,such an algorithm can directly addressthe long-time limit needed in the study of steady states in out-of-equilibrium systems.Finally, we study the insulator-to-metal transition induced by an electric field in Ca2RuO4, which coexists with a structural transition.An algorithm based on the non-crossing approximation allows us to compute the current as a function of crystal-field splitting in this material and to compare our results to experimental data
Launois, Stéphane. "Idéaux premiers H-invariants de l'algèbre des matrices quantiques." Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIMS011.
Full textLet q be a complex number which is transcendental over Q. We prove that the H-invariant prime ideals in the algebra Oq (Mm,p [C]) of quantum matrices are generated by quantum minors. When q is transcendental over Q, this gives a positive answer to a conjecture of K. R. Goodearl and T. H. Lenagan. Next, we construct an algorithm which provides an explicit generating set of quantum minors for each H-invariant prime ideal in Oq (Mm,p [C]). (Of course, these generating sets can be computed with this algorithm only when m and p have fixed values). In the general case, we construct some new examples of H-invariant prime ideals in Oq (Mm,p [C]) (providing for each of them an explicit generating set of quantum minors)
Lecouvey, Cédric. "Algorithmique et combinatoire des algèbres enveloppantes quantiques de type classique." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN2012.
Full textGrange, Camille. "Design and application of quantum algorithms for railway optimisation problems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UMONS009.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the conception and application of quantum algorithms for railway combinatorial optimization problems. Today, the optimization problems that SNCF faces are complex, often prohibiting finding the optimal solution for industrial instances with classical methods within a reasonable amount of time. Quantum computing is expected to improve the quality of solutions and reduce the computation time for some of these problems. Quantum algorithms for optimization are divided into two classes: exact algorithms and heuristics. The former demonstrate theoretical advantages for several problems but cannot be implemented on current quantum machines because they require too high-quality quantum resources. On the contrary, the latter can be implemented, at least for small instances, but there are no performance guarantees or proven quantum advantages yet. In this thesis, we analyze and propose algorithms that belong to each of these two classes.On the one hand, we study the Variational Quantum Algorithms, which belong to the class of heuristics. These are hybrid quantum-classical algorithms that alternate between a parametrized quantum circuit and a classical optimizer. They allow solving unconstrained problems with binary variables, and we propose a general method to reformulate constrained integer problems into such problems. We highlight some properties of Variational Quantum Algorithms necessary for potential theoretical guarantees. In particular, we study QAOA (Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm) in light of the previous properties, and we provide a universal decomposition of the quantum circuit for problems whose objective function is polynomial. We solve with this algorithm a railway timetabling problem of SNCF. It consists of finding the transportation plan maximizing the operating profit according to the customers' demand taking into account the availability and cost of both the network and the rolling stock. To solve it with QAOA, we propose two simplifications with different adaptations of the original problem.On the other hand, we design exact quantum-classical algorithms for two broad families of combinatorial problems. The first family relates to scheduling problems. We propose an algorithm that tackles a large class of NP-hard single-machine scheduling problems, which satisfy a specific dynamic programming property (Dynamic Programming Across the Subsets). Our algorithm, based on the seminal idea of Ambainis et al. (2019), combines classical dynamic programming and quantum search of the minimum in a table (generalization of Grover Search). It reduces the worst-case time complexity, sometimes at the cost of an additional pseudopolynomial factor. We extend this algorithm to the 3-machine flowshop problem, also leading to a reduction of the complexity. The second family concerns robust optimization problems where the uncertainty set is a polytope. We present an algorithm that, relying on the classical method that deals with these problems, replaces some computations with quantum subroutines to achieve a speedup. Specifically, we study the two following quantum subroutines: the search of the minimum in a table and the resolution of a linear system
Schrottenloher, André. "Quantum Algorithms for Cryptanalysis and Quantum-safe Symmetric Cryptography." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS271.
Full textModern cryptography relies on the notion of computational security. The level of security given by a cryptosystem is expressed as an amount of computational resources required to break it. The goal of cryptanalysis is to find attacks, that is, algorithms with lower complexities than the conjectural bounds.With the advent of quantum computing devices, these levels of security have to be updated to take a whole new notion of algorithms into account. At the same time, cryptography is becoming widely used in small devices (smart cards, sensors), with new cost constraints.In this thesis, we study the security of secret-key cryptosystems against quantum adversaries.We first build new quantum algorithms for k-list (k-XOR or k-SUM) problems, by composing exhaustive search procedures. Next, we present dedicated cryptanalysis results, starting with a new quantum cryptanalysis tool, the offline Simon's algorithm. We describe new attacks against the lightweight algorithms Spook and Gimli and we perform the first quantum security analysis of the standard cipher AES.Finally, we specify Saturnin, a family of lightweight cryptosystems oriented towards post-quantum security. Thanks to a very similar structure, its security relies largely on the analysis of AES
Avallone, Niccolo. "Hydrogen dynamics in solids : quantum diffusion and plastic phase transition in hydrates under pressure." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS622.
Full textAtomic-scale simulations of ammonia hydrates pose major theoretical and numerical challenges for several reasons. The description of disordered and/or frustrated systems requires large-scale simulations (several thousand atoms on nanosecond time scales). This makes impossible to use ab initio methods to describe interatomic interactions. Moreovere, the presence of hydrogen leads to a highly complex phase diagram. The specific properties of hydrogen bonds between water and ammonia molecules explain the plasticity, proton jumps produce ionic phases, and at high pressures, the quantum behavior of protons is not negligible: the usual molecular dynamics approximation, which treats atomic nuclei as classical objects, is no longer valid. After a theoretical chapter on the simulation techniques used, the second chapter of this work deals with the problem of proton diffusion in a solid, taking nuclear quantum effects into account. Two main classes of molecular dynamics methods are compared, i.e. quantum bath methods (QTB/adQTB), based on the generalized Langevin equation, and methods derived from the quantum mechanical path integral formalism ((T)RPMD). The aim is to determine which method would be the most accurate and numerically the least expensive for studying proton hopping and diffusion in ammonia hydrates. The (T)RPMD method appears to approximately meet this objective, while the QTB/adQTB methods considerably overestimate diffusion. However, their low computational cost does not completely exclude them from the study of the quantum properties of these systems. The third chapter presents a theoretical study of the crystal-plastic phase transition in ammonia hemihydrate, between 2GPa and 10GPa, and between 300K and 600K. The experimental results show the appearance of plastic and disordered phases, although they do not provide a complete explanation of the mechanisms behind the phase transitions. We mainly use classical molecular dynamics, coupled with force fields, to simulate 100,000 atoms on time scales of tens of nanoseconds. Our results correctly localize the phase transition and detect the change from a monoclinic crystal to a disordered molecular alloy with a bcc cell, which melts at very high temperatures. Furthermore, we can explain how the hydrogen bonding network evolves with temperature, and characterize the plastic phase in terms of the orientational disorder of the molecular dipoles. Finally, we have determined the molecular diffusion that occurs at and above the transition, enabling the formation of the water-ammonia alloy predicted by the experiments. Nuclear quantum effects have been tested by adQTB and (T)RPMD methods, assessing which properties are most affected by the quantum nature of hydrogen atoms
Javelle, Jérôme. "Cryptographie Quantique : Protocoles et Graphes." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM093/document.
Full textI want to realize an optimal theoretical model for quantum secret sharing protocols based on graph states. The main parameter of a threshold quantum secret sharing scheme is the size of the largest set of players that can not access the secret. Thus, my goal is to find a collection of protocols for which the value of this parameter is the smallest possible. I also study the links between quantum secret sharing protocols and families of curves in algebraic geometry
Bonnetain, Xavier. "Hidden Structures and Quantum Cryptanalysis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS181.
Full textIn this thesis, we study the security of cryptographic systems against an adversary who has access to a quantum computer. In quantum computing, we studied the hidden period and hidden shift problems, which are among the few known problems that have some applications in cryptogaphy and for which the best known quantum algorithm is more than polynomially faster than the best known classical algorithm. We proposed some improvements, new tradeoffs between classical and quantum time and memory, and extended their scope of applications to cases where only a classical oracle is available. In cryptanalysis, in symmetric cryptography, we proposed some attacks against symmetric constructions based on hidden shifts, and generalized many attacks using hidden periods to cases where the construction is only accessible classically. We proposed a quantum cryptanalysis of the different versions of the authenticated cipher AEZ and some quantum versions of multiple slide attacks, which are a classical family of cryptanalyses. This rewriting of attacks in the formalism of hidden periods has allowed us to propose a new classical attack against multiple variants of the cipher MiMC. In asymmetric cryptography, we proposed a concrete and asymptotic quantum security analysis of some isogeny-based key exchanges. Finally, we studied quantum security in some cases where these hidden structure problems do not apply, with in particular the first quantum security analysis of AES, the most used symmetric cipher to date
Roland, Jérémie. "Adiabatic quantum computation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211148.
Full textDoctorat en sciences appliquées
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Veshchezerova, Margarita. "Quantum algorithms for energy management optimization problems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0346.
Full textThe domain of energy management involves many combinatorial optimization problems known to be computationally hard. The emergence of quantum computers suggests new approaches for these problems. For near-future machines particularly promising are variational quantum heuristics such as QAOA that can leverage the computational power of the imperfect quantum hardware. We explore the potential of variational quantum algorithms for optimization problems issued from the field of "smart charging"}of electrical vehicles. We consider two problems inspired by real-world usecases. In the first problem, modeled as Max-K-Cut, we search to schedule a set of prioritized charges on several stations while minimizing the weighted completion time. In the second problem, modeled as Maximum Independent Set, we aim to maximize the number of satisfied charge demands on a single station while respecting the conflicts between demands. For both problems, we develop an experimental protocol specifying the encoding step and the parameter optimization routine. Our numerical experiments confirm the interest of quantum heuristics for these problems as well as the quality of our experimental protocol. In order to extend the applicability of quantum heuristics beyond QUBO we introduce a new hybrid approach that integrates quantum routines in the classical Branch & Price algorithm for large integer linear programs. We test this approach on a smart charging problem that is modeled as graph coloring problem. Our computational results affirm the potential of the hybrid approach while revealing the considerable dependence of the performance gain on the particular instance of the problem. Important components of variational algorithms can be represented as ZX-diagrams. We demonstrate how the rewriting rules of ZX-calculus can be used to derive the analytical formula for the mean energy of a general Ising model in a QAOA of depth 1 state. Furthermore, we contribute to the theoretical exploration of variational algorithms by extending the ZX-calculus with addition and differentiation of ZX-diagrams. Our inductive procedure for the addition is fully diagrammatic. For the differentiation we suggest two approaches. The first approach is inductive, it leverages our procedure for addition to explicitly represent the product rules. The second approach is resumed in two formulas derived from the factored form of parameterized diagrams
Gavra, Iona Alexandra. "Algorithmes stochastiques d'optimisation sous incertitude sur des structures complexes : convergence et applications." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30141/document.
Full textThe main topics of this thesis involve the development of stochastic algorithms for optimization under uncertainty, the study of their theoretical properties and applications. The proposed algorithms are modified versions of simulated an- nealing that use only unbiased estimators of the cost function. We study their convergence using the tools developed in the theory of Markov processes: we use properties of infinitesimal generators and functional inequalities to measure the distance between their probability law and a target one. The first part is concerned with quantum graphs endowed with a probability measure on their vertex set. Quantum graphs are continuous versions of undirected weighted graphs. The starting point of the present work was the question of finding Fréchet means on such a graph. The Fréchet mean is an extension of the Euclidean mean to general metric spaces and is defined as an element that minimizes the sum of weighted square distances to all vertices. Our method relies on a Langevin formulation of a noisy simulated annealing dealt with using homogenization. In order to establish the convergence in probability of the process, we study the evolution of the relative entropy of its law with respect to a convenient Gibbs measure. Using functional inequalities (Poincare and Sobolev) and Gronwall's Lemma, we then show that the relative entropy goes to zero. We test our method on some real data sets and propose an heuristic method to adapt the algorithm to huge graphs, using a preliminary clustering. In the same framework, we introduce a definition of principal component analysis for quantum graphs. This implies, once more, a stochastic optimization problem, this time on the space of the graph's geodesics. We suggest an algorithm for finding the first principal component and conjecture the convergence of the associated Markov process to the wanted set. On the second part, we propose a modified version of the simulated annealing algorithm for solving a stochastic global optimization problem on a finite space. Our approach is inspired by the general field of Monte Carlo methods and relies on a Markov chain whose probability transition at each step is defined with the help of mini batches of increasing (random) size. We prove the algorithm's convergence in probability towards the optimal set, provide convergence rate and its optimized parametrization to ensure a minimal number of evaluations for a given accuracy and a confidence level close to 1. This work is completed with a set of numerical experiments and the assessment of the practical performance both on benchmark test cases and on real world examples
Ollivier, Harold. "Eléments de théorie de l'information quantique, décohérence et codes correcteurs quantiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001131.
Full textGrospellier, Antoine. "Décodage des codes expanseurs quantiques et application au calcul quantique tolérant aux fautes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS575.
Full textFault tolerant quantum computation is a technique to perform reliable quantum computation using noisy components. In this context, quantum error correcting codes are used to keep the amount of errors under a sustainable threshold. One of the main problems of this field is to determine the minimum cost, in terms of memory and time, which is needed in order to transform an ideal quantum computation into a fault-tolerant one. In this PhD thesis, we show that the family of quantum expander codes and the small-set-flip decoder can be used in the construction of ref. [arXiv:1310.2984] to produce a fault-tolerant quantum circuit with constant space overhead. The error correcting code family and the decoder that we study has been introduced in ref. [arXiv:1504.00822] where an adversarial error model was examined. Based on the results of this article, we analyze quantum expander codes subjected to a stochastic error model which is relevant for fault-tolerant quantum computation [arXiv:1711.08351], [arXiv:1808.03821]. In addition, we show that the decoding algorithm can be parallelized to run in constant time. This is very relevant to prevent errors from accumulating while the decoding algorithm is running. Beyond the theoretical results described above, we perform a numerical analysis of quantum expander codes to measure their performance in practice [arXiv:1810.03681]. The error model used during these simulations generates X and Z type errors on the qubits with an independent and identically distributed probability distribution. Our results are promising because they reveal that these constant rate codes have a decent threshold and good finite length performance
Yvonne, Xavier. "Bases canoniques d'espaces de Fock de niveau supérieur." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00137705.
Full textFallahpour, Pouria. "Lattice-based cryptography in a quantum setting : security proofs and attacks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ENSL0023.
Full textThe rise of quantum machines poses both challenges and opportunities for cryptography. In particular, security proofs may require revisions due to adversaries' quantum capabilities. This thesis presents two contributions in this respect: a positive result and a negative one. The Fiat-Shamir transform with aborts is one of the major paradigms for designing post-quantum secure signature schemes. Part of this thesis consists of a detailed security analysis of this transform in the quantum random oracle model. It is worth noting that all previous works have neglected subtle details, jeopardizing the correctness of their proofs. Consequently, our security proof stands as the first of its kind that is correct. Moreover, we analyze the runtime and correctness of the signatures obtained from this transform. The learning with errors (LWE) problem has been extensively utilized to construct cryptographic schemes that are secure against quantum adversaries. A knowledge assumption of the LWE problem states that obliviously sampling an LWE instance, namely without knowing its underlying secret, is hard for all polynomial-time algorithms. One can use this assumption to prove the security of some succinct non-interactive arguments of knowledge (SNARKs). While it seems a hard task for classical algorithms, we demonstrate a quantum polynomial-time oblivious LWE sampler. Consequently, our sampler breaks the security analysis of the mentioned SNARKs in the quantum setting
Mhalla, Mehdi. "Informatique quantique, algorithmes et complexité." Grenoble INPG, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPG0113.
Full textThis work consists in several results in different domains of quantum computing. First, we propose an introduction to the quantum computing theory. Then we give efficient characterizations of entanglement for pure states. We define the full separability and the p-q separability, and give optimal algorithms that improve by a quadratic factor the detection of entanglement. The third part is dedicated to quantum game theory. We analyse some classical combinatorial games, and find an optimal strategy for the 0. 07 octal game. Then we propose a quantisation of the family of octal games, and of some other combinatorial games, defining by the way a formalism that permits to study such games. We also provide some new ideas for the study of the well know coin flip game. In the last part, we study optimisation problems, and give an optimal minima finding algorithm based on the quantum search. Then we apply this tool to design algorithms for some graph problems (connectivity, strong connectivity, minimum spanning tree and single source shortest paths. We prove the optimality of our algorithms by using the quantum adversary lower bound method, giving therefore a characherisation of the speed-up given by quantum computing for these problems
Tapp, Alain. "Informatique quantique, algorithmes et complexité de la communication." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0018/NQ51978.pdf.
Full textPelchat, Émilie. "Décodage Viterbi Dégénéré." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6595.
Full textRousse, François. "Algorithmes incrémentaux pour la théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité sans orbitale." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAM039.
Full textThe ability to model molecular systems on a computer has become a crucial tool for chemists. Molecular simulations have helped to understand and predict properties of nanoscopic world, and have had large impact on domains like biology, electronic or materials development. Unfortunately, inter-atomic interactions computation costs prevent large systems to be modeled in a reasonable time. In this context, our research team looks for new accurate and efficient molecular simulation models. One of our team's focus is the search and elimination of useless calculus in dynamical simulations, hence has proposed a new adaptively restrained dynamical model that freezes the slowest particles movement and several interaction models that benefit from a restrained dynamical model by updating interaction incrementally.In the wake of our team's work, we propose in this thesis an incremental First-principles interaction models. Precisely, we have developed an incremental Orbital-Free Density Functional Theory method that benefits from an adaptively restrained dynamical model. The new method is first proof-tested, then we show its ability to speed up computations when a majority of particle are static and hence with a restrained particle dynamic model. This work is a first step toward a combination of incremental First-principle interaction models and adaptively restrained particular dynamic models
Bloch, Matthieu. "Algorithme de réconciliation et méthodes de distribution quantique de clés adaptées au domaine fréquentiel." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00203634.
Full textNous avons proposé un système de distribution quantique de clés par photons uniques exploitant un véritable codage en fréquence de l'information. Cette nouvelle méthode de codage permet de s'affranchir de dispositifs interférométriques et offre donc une grande robustesse. Un démonstrateur basé sur des composants optiques intégrés standard a été réalisé et a permis de valider expérimentalement le principe de codage. Nous avons ensuite étudié un système mettant en oeuvre un protocole de cryptographie quantique par « variables continues », codant l'information sur l'amplitude et la phase d'états cohérents. Le dispositif proposé est basé sur un multiplexage fréquentiel du signal porteur d'information et d'un oscillateur local.
Les débits atteints par les systèmes de distribution de clés ne sont pas uniquement limités par des contraintes technologiques, mais aussi par l'efficacité des protocoles de réconciliation utilisés. Nous avons proposé un algorithme de réconciliation de variables continues efficace, basé sur des codes LDPC et permettant d'envisager de réelles distributions de clés à haut débit avec les protocoles à variables continues.
Ferhat, Karim. "Fluctuations quantiques dans des systèmes de spins et de charges en interaction." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY087/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on two different spin and charge systems, interacting under the effect of quantum fluctuations.The first project highlights the phase diagram of interacting electrons on a kagome lattice. This diagram is driven by two Coulomb repulsions. The first is a on site repulsion, and the second a nearest neighbor one. These two repulsions are in competition with quantum fluctuations of electronic charges. Four phases are depicted, two are unknown and the two other are in agreement with the literature. The two new phases are stabilized in the strong on site repulsion regime. When nearest neighbor repulsions are strong enough to induce a charge local constraint, the system enters in a so called Heisenberg-Loop Phase. These loops are antiferromagnetically arranged and can be described by a Heisenberg-like model in which both charge and spin play surprisingly a role in the exchange interaction. The second new phase is stabilized in the regime where nearest neighbor interactions are too weak to maintain the local constraint. Then, half of the electrons are delocalized in unidimensional Bloch states similar to quantum polarized electronic bubbles. These bubbles are trapped in an inversely polarized electronic cristal formed by the other electrons. This peculiar phase is favored by both quantum charge fluctuations in the bubbles, and antiferromagnetic exchanges between their electrons and the cristal ones.The second project deals with a Terbium Double-Decker molecular magnet. This molecule is modeled by three interacting degrees of freedom. The first is a nuclear spin of the Terbium ion, and the second is the electronic spin of this same ion. The two spins interact via a magnetic exchange.In a first approximation, the effect of the electronic spin is to induce a dipolar field. Finally, the last degree of freedom is carried by two ligands under the influence of the dipolar field. The ligands play the role of a read-out quantum dot, and by conductance measurements through this last one, we can probe the electronic spin and then, the nuclear spin. The first step of this project highlights the modeling of the global system. Then numerical computations are depicted and are in a quantitative agreement with the experimental measurements realized during the thesis of Stefan Thiele and Clément Godfrin.On the other hand, by applying electrical Radio Frequency Fields, we can drive quantum fluctuations on the nuclear spin. This quantum manipulation of the spin is realized by the dynamic deformation of the electron cloud under the effect of the Radio Frequency Field. As a result, we are able to implement a Grover Quantum Algorithm on the nuclear field. This thesis focuses on the realization of a simulation program that was a tool used by Clément Godfrin to successfully implement the Grover Algorithm
Jardillier, Nicolas. "Etude DFT de sites cationiques de la zéolithe CuIY : développement et méthodologie : OCECP et DFTB." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20091.
Full textY Faujasite type zeolites with a Si/Al ratio higher than 1 are not rigorously periodic although they are globally organized. As a consequence and from the fact that these systems are very large, a cluster approach was used to model the local active sites of the zeolite. The results of modelling by quantum calculations (Density Functional Theory, DFT) of the cation sites of zeolites CuIY and NaY, show that only sites I, I' and II are occupied. In this approach, the sizes of the model as well as the atoms saturating the dangling bonds are paramount factors. A possible improvement of the description of the edges of the clusters is the use of pseudo-atoms, “OCECP” (Capping Electron Core Potential), obtained by a genetic algorithm. The clusters saturated by the OCECP have the advantage of introducing charges closer to the real solid. A second method, SCC-DFTB (semi-empirical method), based on a strategy of pre-optimization of big systems allows a saving in computing time and brings an additional tool for the study of materials. The development of these two methods, useful for studies by a cluster approach of big size systems in the field of zeolites (or other nanostructured materials), falls under the evolution that modelling follows to be useful for the experiment, in particular by constituting a perspective towards DFT/DFTB calculations types
Im, Jinhyeok. "Numerical analysis of spectrograms in attosecond photoionisation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP175.
Full textSince their first observation in the early 200s, attosecond light pulses (1 as = 10^-18 s) in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) range have revolutionized the study. of electron dynamics in atoms and molecules. Attosecond spectroscopy based on laser-dressed photoionization has made it possible to observe ultrafast processes such as time delays in the photoelectric effect. This approach consists in measuring the kinetic energy of photoelectrons released through the ionization of atoms or molecules by an attosecond pulse combined with a laser pulse. Although the released photoelectron behaves as a quantum wavepacket, its coherence is often degraded for both instrumental and quantum-mechanical reasons. The goal of this work is to develop and apply computational tools to extract decoherence information, in the form of an electron density matrix, from photoelectron kinetic energy spectra. In that perspective, it is crucial to evaluate the reliability of these numerical tools. Therefore we have performed a theoretical study in order to identify the ambiguities and artefacts that can arise in the reconstruction process and to find ways to manage them. We have then analyzed experimental spectrograms previously obtained through the ionization of neon atoms. This study allowed us to confirm quantitatively the origin of the instrumental decoherence observed so far in these experiments. Finally we have for the first time reconstructed a photoelectron density matrix obtained by the ionization of both the 2s and 2p shells of neon
Bertrand, Corentin. "Algorithme Monte-Carlo pour les systèmes quantiques à fortes interactions et hors d'équilibre en nanoélectronique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY030.
Full textNon-equilibrium quantum many-body problems are attracting increasingly more attention in condensed matter physics. For instance, systems of interacting electrons submitted to an external (constant or varying) electric field are studied in nanoelectronics, and more recently in materials, for the search of novel non-equilibrium states of matter. In this thesis, we developed a new numerical generic method for these problems, and apply it to the Anderson impurity model. This model is a good representation of a quantum dot coupled to one or several leads, and gives rise at equilibrium to the Kondo effect --- a manifestation of Coulomb interactions within the dot. We apply our method to compute the collapse of the Kondo effect when the quantum dot is driven out of equilibrium by a voltage bias. Our method is based on a diagrammatic Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) algorithm. The QMC is an optimized version of the algorithm of Profumo et al. [Phys. Rev. B 91, 245154 (2015)], which computes time-dependent observables or correlation functions as perturbation series in the interaction strength U. To address the problem of diverging series at large U, we constructed a robust resummation scheme which analyses the analytical structure of the series in the U complex plane, for proposing a tailor-made regularization method using a conformal transform of the complex plane. As a post-treatment, a Bayesian technique allows to introduce non-perturbative information to tame the exacerbation of error bars caused by the resummation. We emphasize the potential application to study non-equilibrium materials through "quantum embedding" schemes, such as the Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT), which allow to study lattice models through solving a self-consistent impurity model
Angrisani, Armando. "The disparate impact of noise on quantum learning algorithms." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS626.
Full textQuantum computing, one of the most exciting scientific journeys of our time, holds remarkable potential by promising to rapidly solve computational problems. However, the practical implementation of these algorithms poses an immense challenge, with a universal and error-tolerant quantum computer remaining an elusive goal. Currently, short-term quantum devices are emerging, but they face significant limitations, including high levels of noise and limited entanglement capacity. The practical effectiveness of these devices, particularly due to quantum noise, is a subject of debate. Motivated by this situation, this thesis explores the profound impact of noise on quantum learning algorithms in three key dimensions. Firstly, it focuses on the influence of noise on variational quantum algorithms, especially quantum kernel methods. Our results reveal significant disparities between unital and non-unital noise, challenging previous conclusions on these noisy algorithms. Next, it addresses learning quantum dynamics with noisy binary measurements of the Choi-Jamiolkowski state, using quantum statistical queries. The Goldreich-Levin algorithm can be implemented in this way, and we demonstrate the efficiency of learning in our model. Finally, the thesis contributes to quantum differential privacy, demonstrating how quantum noise can enhance statistical security. A new definition of neighboring quantum states captures the structure of quantum encodings, providing stricter privacy guarantees. In the local model, we establish an equivalence between quantum statistical queries and local quantum differential privacy, with applications to tasks like asymmetric hypothesis testing. The results are illustrated by the efficient learning of parity functions in this model, compared to a classically demanding task
Bloch, M. "Algorithme de réconciliation et méthodes de distribution quantique de clés adaptées au domaine fréquentiel." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00373723.
Full textRemaud, Maxime. "Applications of Quantum Fourier Sampling and the Dihedral Hidden Subgroup Problem." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS326.
Full textThe hidden subgroup problem (HSP) consists in finding an unknown subgroup in a group using a constant and distinct function on the cosets of this subgroup. It is of great importance in theoretical computer science and cryptography, and it turns out that quantum algorithms effectively solve some difficult instances of it. In particular, an HSP in an abelian group can be solved in polynomial time in the size of the group (a famous example is the discrete logarithm problem, solved by Shor's algorithm). Solving the HSP is essentially based on the quantum Fourier sampling technique, which inherits the properties of the quantum Fourier transform to solve problems with periodicity. In this thesis, we introduce a quantum algorithm for solving the problem of finding the shortest codeword in a random code constructed from an algorithm for decoding its dual code. This is an adaptation in Hamming metrics of a quantum reduction in Euclidean metrics of a version of the shortest vector problem to the learning-with-errors problem, which uses the quantum Fourier sampling technique and an idea due to Regev. We then recall how to solve the HSP in a dihedral group (DHSP), a problem to which many others used in post-quantum cryptography reduce, as well as the security of certain cryptosystems, such as CSIDH for example. The DHSP is in fact itself reduced to the (quantum) dihedral coset problem (DCP), for which we recall the various methods of solution. These fall into two families: the problem can be solved directly using CNOT gates and measurements (first Kuperberg algorithm), or it can be reduced to a classical subset-sum problem (Regev and second Kuperberg algorithms). We then describe a novel algorithm, inspired by the same techniques used in the reduction described above, that reduces the DCP to a quantum subset-sum problem. The resulting algorithm is the most efficient in terms of queries to the oracle inherent to the DCP. A query efficient interpolation between this new algorithm and the second Kuperberg algorithm is also presented. Finally, we explore alternative approaches to solving the DCP using less space (but potentially more oracle queries) in the spirit of Kuperberg's first algorithm
Besserve, Pauline. "Quantum-classical hybrid algorithms for quantum many-body physics." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAX086.
Full textThis thesis investigates the possibility to leverage noisy quantum computation within the flagship algorithm for strong correlations, the dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). It aims to take advantage of the first quantum computing devices, despite their imperfections imputable to a still-limited degree of experimental control.Firstly, an improved version of the variational method for preparing the ground state of the impurity model is proposed. It consists in carrying out updates of the single-particle basis in which the impurity Hamiltonian is described. These updates are interwoven with variational optimizations of the state, and guided by the one-particle density matrix of the current optimized variational state. This algorithm has enabled us to carry out the first noisy hybrid implementation of a DMFT-like scheme with a two-impurity auxiliary system. Also, we show on several examples that this method is capable of increasing the ability of a given variational circuit to represent the target state. Finally, we propose to combine single-particle basis updates with an adaptive variational algorithm, which builds the circuit iteratively. We show that this approach can reduce the number of gates in the circuit for a given precision in the energy of the attained state.Secondly, we propose to take advantage of the dissipation affecting the qubits to alleviate the effect of bath truncation onto the fit of the DMFT hybridization. We confirm that a reduction in the count of bath sites is within the reach of such a method. However, we make the assumption of a dissipative process which is not realistic: the method therefore still needs to be studied via a model closer to experimental conditions
Arfaoui, Heger. "Décision et vérification distribuées locales." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077042.
Full textThis thesis lays in the context of distributed computing on networks, and more par-ticularly on the locality aspects that appear in that context. By the systematic study of decision problems, we introduce the complexity classes ULD and UNLD for local decision and verification respectively, and give separation results describing a hier¬archy involving other classes of local decision in the literature. These results are accompanied by a classification of several distributed problems based on the hierar¬chy we introduce. We examine and discuss two key ingredients in local decision and verification: the interpretation function on the outputs, and node identification. In this thesis, we also isolate the aspect of locality by studying it through the prism of the non-signaling model, which, even though not realistic, offers interest¬ing theoretical possibilities, including the derivation of lower bounds for distributed quantum computing without having to manipulate objects of that theory. Finally, by placing ourselves at the extreme limit of locality constraints, we consider the par¬ticular class of two-player games in absence of any communication and examine the limits of quantum distributed computing for this class of games
Bureau-Oxton, Chloé. "Fabrication de nanoaimants pour le contrôle rapide d'un spin électronique dans une boîte quantique double." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5298.
Full textGohaud, Neil. "Etude ab initio des spectres vibrationnels de systèmes de grande dimension : Application aux composés (CH3X)n, avec X=Li, Na, K." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU3049.
Full textVibrational spectroscopy field is still quite active nowadays: actually, its quickness of acquisition and its ability to identify functional groups make it a perfectly suitable device for characterisation of very reactive and/or short-life compounds. A spectrum analysis becomes very complex with the growth of studied systems’ size and presence of parasite molecules. Thus, recent methodological breakthroughs couple together with improvements in the computing area enable from now on an accurate theoretical assessment for systems up to 4-5 atoms, but the chemist is quickly limited in his investigations when larger molecules are considered. The aim of this thesis is to provide a computing tool designed to process a direct variational algorithm, which is the only one able to treat explicitly phenomena such as resonances, on chemical systems up to 20 atoms. In order to reach this goal, a parallel coding approach has been considered. This software, called P_Anhar, has then been used to perform a complete vibrational study on a chemical family, namely the methylalkali. From a spectroscopic point of view, there is a strong discrepancy between theoretical and experimental works dealing with these systems. Using P_Anhar has brought some parts of an answer to this discrepancy, and an interpretation of reference experimental spectra is consequently proposed, in order to revisit them
Kharchenko, Natalia. "Lattice algorithms and lattice-based cryptography." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS337.
Full textLattice-based cryptography is a field of research that studies the construction of tools for secure communication based on hard lattice problems. Lattice-based cryptography is one of the most promising candidates for secure post-quantum communication. This thesis studies algorithms for solving hard lattice problems and their application to the evaluation of the security of cryptosystems. In the first part, we introduce a new family of lattice sieving algorithms called cylindrical sieving. Heuristic sieving is currently the fastest approach to solve central lattice problems: SVP and CVP. We show that cylindrical sieving can outperform existing sieving algorithms in some cases, namely, that it is more efficient for solving SVP for lattices with small prime volume and for solving the closest vector problem with preprocessing (CVPP). In the second part of the thesis, we improve the dual attack originally used to estimate the security of the Fast Fully Homomorphic Encryption scheme over Torus (TFHE). We hybridize the dual attack with the search for the secret key part. As TFHE uses binary keys, the search part of the attack can be performed efficiently by exploiting the recursive structure of the search space. We compare our attack with other existing techniques for solving LWE and show that the security level of the TFHE scheme should be updated according to the new attack
Ehrlacher, Virginie. "Quelques modèles mathématiques en chimie quantique et propagation d'incertitudes." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1073/document.
Full textThe contributions of this thesis work are two fold. The first part deals with the study of local defects in crystalline materials. Chapter 1 gives a brief overview of the main models used in quantum chemistry for electronic structure calculations. In Chapter 2, an exact variational model for the description of local defects in a periodic crystal in the framework of the Thomas-Fermi-von Weisz"acker theory is presented. It is justified by means of thermodynamic limit arguments. In particular, it is proved that the defects modeled within this theory are necessarily neutrally charged. Chapters 3 and 4 are concerned with the so-called spectral pollution phenomenon. Indeed, when an operator is discretized, spurious eigenvalues which do not belong to the spectrum of the initial operator may appear. In Chapter 3, we prove that standard Galerkin methods with finite elements discretization for the approximation of perturbed periodic Schrödinger operators are prone to spectral pollution. Besides, the eigenvectors associated with spurious eigenvalues can be characterized as surface states. It is possible to circumvent this problem by using augmented finite element spaces, constructed with the Wannier functions of the periodic unperturbed Schr"odinger operator. We also prove that the supercell method, which consists in imposing periodic boundary conditions on a large simulation domain containing the defect, does not produce spectral pollution. In Chapter 4, we give a priori error estimates for the supercell method. It is proved in particular that the rate of convergence of the method scales exponentiall with respect to the size of the supercell. The second part of this thesis is devoted to the study of greedy algorithms for the resolution of high-dimensional uncertainty quantification problems. Chapter 5 presents the most classical numerical methods used in the field of uncertainty quantification and an introduction to greedy algorithms. In Chapter 6, we prove that these algorithms can be applied to the minimization of strongly convex nonlinear energy functionals and that their convergence rate is exponential in the finite-dimensional case. We illustrate these results on obstacle problems with uncertainty via penalized formulations
Lapert, Marc. "Développement de nouvelles techniques de contrôle optimal en dynamique quantique : de la Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à la physique moléculaire." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00728830.
Full textFerron, Stéphane. "Mesure des sections efficaces inclusives de jets dans les collisions photon-proton à HERA." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPXX0045.
Full textAbdelkafi, Omar. "Métaheuristiques hybrides distribuées et massivement parallèles." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MULH9578/document.
Full textMany optimization problems specific to different industrial and academic sectors (energy, chemicals, transportation, etc.) require the development of more effective methods in resolving. To meet these needs, the aim of this thesis is to develop a library of several hybrid metaheuristics distributed and massively parallel. First, we studied the traveling salesman problem and its resolution by the ant colony method to establish hybridization and parallelization techniques. Two other optimization problems have been dealt, which are, the quadratic assignment problem (QAP) and the zeolite structure problem (ZSP). For the QAP, several variants based on an iterative tabu search with adaptive diversification have been proposed. The aim of these proposals is to study the impact of: the data exchange, the diversification strategies and the methods of cooperation. Our best variant is compared with six from the leading works of the literature. For the ZSP two new formulations of the objective function are proposed to evaluate the potential of the zeolites structures founded. These formulations are based on reward and penalty evaluation. Two hybrid and parallel genetic algorithms are proposed to generate stable zeolites structures. Our algorithms have now generated six stable topologies, three of them are not listed in the SC-JZA website or in the Atlas of Prospective Zeolite Structures
Serret, Michel Fabrice. "Analysis of variational quantum algorithms for differential equations in the presence of quantum noise : application to the stationary Gross-Pitaevskii equation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS298.
Full textVariational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have been proposed for solvingpartial differential equations on quantum computers. This thesis focuses on analyzingVQAs for the stationary Gross-Pitaevskii Equation (GPE) both under ideal (noiseless) conditionsand in the presence of quantum noise, providing error bounds, convergence properties, and estimatesfor the number of samples required.A central concept, make use of a relationship between the representation of functions and functional operators on dyadic rationals, through the Walsh basis, and the encoding offunctions and operators for N-qubit quantum systems through the Pauli operators and their eigenstates.In chapter 1, we link Pauli operators of N-qubit quantum systems with the Walsh basis on N-bit dyadic rationals, presenting new error bounds for the convergence of the N-bit Walsh series for functions in H^1(0,1) and presenting some results on the representation of Fourier basis functions in the Walsh basis.In chapter 2 we analyse VQAs for the GPE without noise, detailing the mathematicalsetting, discretization, and a-priori analysis. We introduce new energyestimators, either based on the Walsh decomposition of operators or obtained through inductive methods, and compare them to directsampling, in the diagonal basis of the operators, and the Hadamard-test method. Our results show that in the absence of noise the most promising methods for energyestimation is direct sampling in the diagonal basis, yielding the lowest variance and sample requirements.In chapter 3, we further examine the impact of quantum noise on energy estimation.Depolarizing noise introduces bias and shifts the variance of estimators. We show that the Pauli estimators proves least affected bynoise, due to their lower circuit size requirement,outperforming others both without mitigation, due to a lower bias, and with mitigation, as its sample efficiency is less affected.In the last chapter, devoted to work in progress, we present some preliminary results on decomposing differential operators in the Pauli basis which allow us to improve the method in the presence of noise.This research provides a foundation for the use of VQAs to solve partial differential equations on quantum computers, offering realistic estimates of computational costs of the energy estimation part of the algorithms. Furthermore, the insights gained may aid in the development of practical quantum algorithms for block encoding of differential operators, and their associated evolution operators
Badreddine, Siwar. "Symétries et structures de rang faible des matrices et tenseurs pour des problèmes en chimie quantique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS029.
Full textThis thesis presents novel numerical algorithms and conducts a comprehensive study of some existing numerical methods to address high-dimensional challenges arising from the resolution of the electronic Schrödinger equation in quantum chemistry. Focusing on two specific problems, our approach involves the identification and exploitation of symmetries and low-rank structures within matrices and tensors, aiming to mitigate the curse of dimensionality. The first problem considered in this thesis is the efficient numerical evaluation of the long-range component of the range-separated Coulomb potential and the long-range two-electron integrals 4th-order tensor which occurs in many quantum chemistry methods. We present two novel approximation methods. This is achieved by relying on tensorized Chebyshev interpolation, Gaussian quadrature rules combined with low-rank approximations as well as Fast Multipole Methods (FMM). This work offers a detailed explanation of these introduced approaches and algorithms, accompanied by a thorough comparison between the newly proposed methods. The second problem of interest is the exploitation of symmetries and low-rank structures to derive efficient tensor train representations of operators involved in the Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) algorithm. This algorithm, referred to as the Quantum Chemical DMRG (QC-DMRG) when applied in the field of quantum chemistry, is an accurate iterative optimization method employed to numerically solve the time-independent Schrödinger equation. This work aims to understand and interpret the results obtained from the physics and chemistry communities and seeks to offer novel theoretical insights that, to the best of our knowledge, have not received significant attention before. We conduct a comprehensive study and provide demonstrations, when necessary, to explore the existence of a particular block-sparse tensor train representation of the Hamiltonian operator and its associated eigenfunction. This is achieved while maintaining physical conservation laws, manifested as group symmetries in tensors, such as the conservation of the particle number. The third part of this work is dedicated to the realization of a proof-of-concept Quantum Chemical DMRG (QC-DMRG) Julia library, designed for the quantum chemical Hamiltonian operator model. We exploit here the block-sparse tensor train representation of both the operator and the eigenfunction. With these structures, our goal is to speed up the most time-consuming steps in QC-DMRG, including tensor contractions, matrix-vector operations, and matrix compression through truncated Singular Value Decompositions (SVD). Furthermore, we provide empirical results from various molecular simulations, while comparing the performance of our library with the state-of-the-art ITensors library where we show that we attain a similar performance
Milia, Valentin. "Couplage de modèles de chimie quantique et d'algorithmes haute performance pour l'exploration globale du paysage énergétique de systèmes atomiques et moléculaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP095.
Full textThe primary aim of this thesis is to develop efficient methods for characterizing molecular conformations at a quantum level. Various methods devoted to the computation of molecular potential energy are reviewed, as well as the most popular potential energy surfaces (PES) global exploration schemes. In this context, a key contribution of this thesis is the coupling of the robotics-inspired Iterative Global exploration and LOcal Optimization (IGLOO) method, implemented in the MoMA software, with the quantum Density-Functional based Tight-Binding (DFTB) potential, implemented in the deMonNano software. The IGLOO algorithm integrates the motion planning Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT) algorithm with local optimization and structural filtering. A proof of concept has been done through the identification of low-energy conformations of the alanine dipeptide.The IGLOO/DFTB coupling has been applied to the mapping of the PES of three close-sized molecules of the phthalate family (dibutyl phthalate DBP, benzyl butyl phthalate BBP and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate DEHP), providing detailed insights into their different conformational landscapes. Various geometrical descriptors have been used to analyze their structure-energy relationships. Coulomb interactions, steric hindrance, and dispersive interactions have been found to drive the geometric properties and a strong correlation has been evidenced between the two dihedral angles describing the side-chains orientation of the phthalate molecules. The results demonstrate the method's capability to identify low-energy minima without prior knowledge of the PES.Furthermore, an innovative algorithm for the large-scale generation of molecular structures, including a conformational variety, is presented. It combines molecular graph generation with atom or fragment addition techniques. It is applied to provide an extensive database of 3D structures of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-CH) molecules. The analysis of the database generated in this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between the geometrical and electronic descriptors of a-C:H structures. These properties are compared with those of compact Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and linear chains, representing limit cases.Finally, a review is given on methods aiming at identifying saddle points and transition paths between low-energy conformations on the PES. A first step toward the identification of transition paths between low-energy conformations using a motion planning algorithm, known as Transition-based Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (T-RRT), is presented. A similarity measure, designated as the Symmetrized Segment-Path Distance (SSPD), is used to compare the generated trajectories. Subsequently, a clustering technique, namely the Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA), is employed to group similar trajectories in order to identify the common pathways, thereby providing valuable insights into the dynamics of conformational changes. The methodology has been successfully applied to the identification of low-energy paths between two minima of the alanine dipeptide PES.Overall, the research presents significant advancements in the exploration of complex molecular PES at a quantum level including (i) the IGLOO/DFTB coupling (ii) a novel algorithm for 3D structure generation of large-scale molecules and (iii) an original scheme allowing for the identification of multiple transition paths. Correlations between the structural, energetic and electronic properties have been evidenced for the polluting phthalate molecules and astrophysically relevant hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-CH) molecules. These contributions pave the way for future research, aiming to extend these methods to larger and more complex systems
Bosson, Maël. "Adaptive algorithms for computational chemistry and interactive modeling." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00846458.
Full textDecarreau, Andrée. "Espaces de Fok, produit tensoriel et fonctions spéciales en mécanique quantique : un problème d’optimisation non convexe en cristallographie : théorie et algorithme." Poitiers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990POIT2001.
Full textLapert, M. "Développement de nouvelles techniques de contrôle optimal en dynamique quantique : de la Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à la physique moléculaire." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00639508.
Full textLeclerc, Lucas. "Quantum computing with Rydberg atoms : control and modelling for quantum simulation and practical algorithms." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP046.
Full textRefining our understanding of an unknown system through modelling lays the groundwork for optimally controlling it and opens the door to a myriad of potential applications, exploiting the once enigmatic and unpredictable effects of this now-known system. This thesis applies this paradigm to analog quantum computing with Rydberg atoms, showcasing how careful noise modelling, optimal control and machine learning frameworks can support and enhance the simulation of quantum magnetism and the solving of graph-based optimisation and classification problems. After describing the experimental platform enabling the control of Rydberg atoms, we introduce classical tools such as digital twins of noisy systems, tensor network modelling, robust optimal control, and Bayesian optimisation for variational algorithms. We apply the latter to several applications. We improve the preparation of antiferromagnetic state in the Ising model and benchmark the noisy behaviour of a dipolar XY quantum simulator when probing continuous symmetry breaking and performing quantum state tomography. Using optimisation techniques and machine learning methods, we also tackle industrial use cases such as maximum independent set on graphs representing smart charging tasks, binary classification of toxic or harmless molecular compounds, and prediction of fallen angel companies in financial risk management