Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Alibi'

Hamilton’s Rule (1964) involves the notion that the likelihood of an altruistic act being performed is predicted by the degree of relatedness between the recipient and the donor. Therefore, the extent to which people would be willing to lie for a defendant is a function of the degree of biological relationship between the defendant and the alibi witness. The researchers of the current study presented participants with one murder and one burglary packet containing a police report summary and a hypothetical scenario. The summary police report detailed case facts, evidence collected, and witness statements. Following their reading of the police report summary participants made judgments on witness’ credibility, defendant’s guilt and types of evidence. In the hypothetical scenarios, participants were asked to imagine their father or male friend is pleading with them to act as an alibi witness. Participants then agreed or disagreed to serve as an alibi witness. Overall, the researchers found participants were unwilling to provide false alibis, however, when they were, participants gave false alibis for their father more often than for their friend. Limitations may be a restricted sample, evidence certainty, and the yes or no decision to providing a false alibi. Future research should include an examination of individual differences and moral development.

<p>Användningen och betydelsen av intranät, det vill säga en slags organisationsinterna webbplatser, ökar i många organisationer i takt med en ökad IT-användning när allt mer kommunikation sker via elektroniska kanaler. Fungerande intern kommunikation, inte minst ledningskommunikation, är samtidigt en förutsättning för organisering, ledning och styrning. Ju otydligare organisationens mål är ju större betydelse får en fungerande intern ledningskommunikation för att omsätta t.ex. visioner i konkreta åtgärder. Detta framstår som särskilt angeläget i offentlig förvaltning där politiska visioner, mål och prioriteringar ofta kan vara vaga eller motsägelsefulla. Förvaltningsledningen måste här tolka de politiska målen och formulera dessa i termer som kan kommuniceras till och förstås av medarbetarna. En del av del av denna kommunikation kan ske via intranät. En studie har genomförts bland ett urval av Stockholms stads fackförvaltningar för att undersöka om intranät används för ledningskommunikation, vem som i så fall tolkar och formulerar budskapen och hur de tas fram. Undersökningen visar att intranätet har förutsättningar att utgöra en rik källa till kunskap och ett viktigt kommunikationsnav i organisationen. Utan en genomtänkt informationsstrategi och med det ökade informationsbruset riskerar det dock att bli en ursäkt för att inte kommunicera på annat sätt. En slutsats som dras är att ledningar sannolikt underskattar intranätets påverkan på organisationskulturen och vikten av att vara synlig på intranätet. Samtidigt förefaller ledningar att överskatta intranätets förmåga att förmedla information. Skälet är bland annat att kommunikationen ses som ett överföringsproblem inte ett tolkningsproblem. Effektiv distribution är ingen garanti för effektiv kommunikation och förståelse.</p>

Under den senare delen av 1900-talet inträffade ett antal företagsskandaler, såsom Enron och Worldcom, vilket föranledde ett bristande förtroendet för såväl styrelsers som revisorers arbete. För att återfå förtroende på den svenska marknaden introducerades Koden och en uppdatering av Aktiebolagslagen gjordes. En av de förtroendehöjande åtgärderna innebar att revisionsutskotten introducerades. Revisionsutskottens införande innebar ett tydliggörande av styrelseledamöternas arbetsuppgifter, men medförde samtidigt att huvudmannaskapsproblematiken i styrelsen aktualiserades. Vilket leder till vår problemformulering: Hur har revisionsutskottens införande påverkat ansvarsfördelning i styrelsen?För att kunna besvara vår frågeställning har vi genomfört kvalitativa intervjuer utifrån ett expertperspektiv. Expertperspektivet har företrätts av institutionella ägare, revisorer och en advokat. Respondenternas olika relationer till fenomenet har bidragit till ett brett perspektiv.Empiriinsamlingen påvisar tydligt att införandet av revisionsutskott har aktualiserat huvudmannaskapsproblematiken. Empirin påvisar att en dualism, i styrelsen, kan ha uppstått utifrån vem som agerar i vems uppdrag. Dock åberopar respondenterna likt lagrum och rekommendationer att styrelsens huvudansvar i helhet kvarstår.Vår slutsats är att styrelsen inte har skapat sig ett alibi genom införandet av revisionsutskott, och att styrelsens ansvar i helhet kvarstår. Därmed kan vi konstatera att införandet av revisionsutskott har belyst ansvarsfrågan, men att ansvaret kvarstår hos styrelsen i sin helhet. Vi har även konstaterat att forskning om huvudmannaskapsproblematiken inom styrelsen är bristfällig och att mer forskning skulle berika området.<br>Program: Civilekonomprogrammet

'Weak' alibi evidence is the second leading cause of false convictions although psychological research on this issue is scarce. Understanding the factors contributing to the provision of false alibi witness testimony will highlight whether judicial instructions about alibi witness evidence are required to ensure fair investigations and trials. Utilising experimental and quasi-experimental research this thesis represents the first systematic investigation into the influences upon alibi witness deception. Study 1 set out to explore the factors influencing perceptions of deceptive alibi witness evidence in order to highlight the variables requiring further analysis later in the thesis. The study found that perceptions of false alibi evidence acceptability were influenced by an interaction between the type of deceptive evidence provided by the alibi witness (lie, false confession, evasion, omission) and the alibi witness' perceptions of the defendant's guilt (guilty, innocent, unsure of guilt). A qualitative content analysis supported these quantitative findings and also suggested that perceptions of the criminal justice system, knowledge of legal sanctions and the relationship between defendant and alibi witness were important in alibi evaluations. These factors were investigated further in the subsequent studies. Although study 1 highlighted the importance of deception type in alibi witness deception, the alibi research to date has examined solely alibi witness lies meaning there is no existing measure of alibi witness deception types that could be utilised in the thesis. Thus study 2 details the development of the False Evidence Questionnaire (FEQ) which found that alibi witness deception to consists of two factors; Omissions and Commissions. This supported the significant effect of deception type found in study 1. To further explore the role of attitudes to the criminal justice system in alibi witness deception study 2 also developed a multifaceted questionnaire; the Attitudes towards the Police and Courts Questionnaire (APCQ), to improve on previous one-dimensional measures of attitudes to the criminal justice system. The APCQ had five factors; Police Institution, Court Functioning, Punishment, Treatment of the Accused, Personal Safety. The structures of the FEQ and APCQ were demonstrated to be reliable and have a strong theoretical underpinning. Study 3 revealed that the APCQ Police Institution factor and participant age significantly predicted both the Commissions factor of the FEQ. Moreover, the APCQ Police Institution factor, participant age and the APCQ Court Functioning factor also predicted FEQ Omissions. These findings suggest that by improving perceptions of the police, false alibi witness evidence may be discouraged. Study 4 explored whether the significant effect of age could be attributed to increased awareness of legal sanctions amongst older adults. However, the study found that FEQ Omissions and Commissions are not influenced by punishment awareness illustrating that educating the public about the sanctions for false alibi evidence is unlikely to deter this behaviour. Study 5 used a mock police interview to gain a more ecological valid measure of the relationship between alibi witness and defendant upon alibi witness honesty. This revealed a significant association between unmotivated alibi witnesses (individuals with no/limited prior relationship to the defendant) and honesty inmock police interviews. Surprisingly, motivated alibi witnesses (individuals with an existing relationship with the defendant) were not found to have a significant association with either honesty or deception in the interviews. These findings support the conceptualisation of alibi witness deception as an altruistic act influenced by estimations of reciprocation likelihood. The study also found alibi witness intended honesty and actual honesty in the police interview were correlated, therefore validating the use of prospective questionnaire methods as utilised in studies 3 and 4. The final study demonstrated that although alibi witness motivation had a significant effect on mock juror perceptions of alibi witness honesty, this bias did not affect perceptions of defendant reliability or case verdicts. Nonetheless, judicial directions may be necessary to counteract juror scepticism towards motivated alibi witnesses. The thesis represents a unique development in the understanding of deceptive alibi witness evidence, the findings of which direct implications for criminal justice practice as well as future alibi research.

Nineteenth-century writers and modern scholars have agreed that there was a major shift in the practice of landscape painting in England around the turn of the nineteenth century. Paintings by up-and-coming artists such as J. M. W. Turner, Thomas Girtin, and A. W. Callcott were seen to exhibit a concern for atmospheric effects and an "expressivity" lacking in earlier works. This shift has often been explained by invoking artistic genius: the keen intellect and sensibility of the artistic producer has served as a self-evident explanation of the rise to prominence of this form of landscape painting. This study endorses the centrality of the artistic subject to the enterprise of landscape painting, but disputes the notion that genius is a natural and self-evident phenomenon. It is argued here that the native landscape genius was a category of the creative individual which was socially produced at this historical moment in conjunction with or in opposition to other contemporaneous formulations of the artist. This examination of artistic subjectivity as determined by gender, social status, education, wealth, and so forth, is organized around three interrelated subject positions: the "man of letters" derived from the notion of the academic history painter, the "market slave," a negative construction of the artist who was seen to pander to the demands of the market and the "imaginative man of genius." The inscription of these positionalities in landscape imagery i s contingent upon a range of historically specific social phenomena. The discussion focuses particularly upon the discourse of nationalism during and immediately after the Napoleonic wars, epistemoiogical debates concerning the type of knowledge appropriate for a commercial society, and the discourse on the market as it relates to the circulation of paintings as cultural commodities. Determining the relationship of the artistic subject to these various social phenomena involves an examination of the physical spaces in which paintings were displayed and exhibited, the discursive spaces in which they were discussed and evaluated—including art criticism, aesthetic treatises, illustrated county histories and social and political commentary—and the institutional practices which shaped their production and reception. The power and appeal of the landscape genius, I argue, lay in its ability to a serve broad range of social interests in negotiating successfully the seemingly contradictory demands of the market in luxury commodities and of a social ideal of Englishness marked by independence, intellectual power and sensibility. The genius's imaginative encounter with external nature provided it with an alibi which served to obscure it s activities as an economic producer in a highly competitive market society.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Art History, Visual Art and Theory, Department of<br>Graduate

Masters of Art<br>The writing of history in postapartheid South Africa constitutes a crisis for the discipline of history as, I argue, it requires the discipline to confront its role in contributing towards the constitution of the condition of possibility of the discourse of apartheid. Stated differently, the relationship between the discipline of history and nationalist or identity politics, a relationship that is characterized by history performing the role of alibi, is highlighted as problematic within the question of the postapartheid. It is in this context that I want to broach the concept of the historical playas an antidisciplinary object that works to unsettle the discipline of history and thereby its role as alibi. Such an engagement with the historical play would, I argue, enable a progressive politics of the sort that Michel Foucault calls for. In his essay 'History, Discourse and Discontinuity' (1972) which he wrote in response to a question posed to him of the possibility of resistance within the corpus of his work, Foucault argues that a progressive politics would be one that takes into account a discourse's conditions of possibility - one that limits the claims of discourses on life through defining their grammars, as it were." While this current study does not seek to, and also does not claim to, subject the discourse of history to such a critique (I am not proposing to investigate the emergence of the discipline), Foucault's understanding of a progressive politics is especially significant to it. Particularly, rather than reading for the grammar of history - this has been done by others such as (but not limited to) Gayatri Spivak, Hayden White and Friederich Nietzsche and will be discussed later - this dissertation starts from the position that the discipline of history played (and plays) a fundamental role in establishing the conditions of possibility of the discourse of apartheid." This is not to argue that apartheid can be reduced to an outworking of nationalist history (apartheid as a discursive field).

Studien undersöker hur polismyndighetens medarbetare upplever organisationskulturen ur ett jämställdhetsperspektiv. I förstudien fann vi att det finns en norm inom den svenska polisen, som i många fall varit problematisk och exkluderande för de medarbetare som inte passat in. Studien har haft fokus på att definiera de bakomliggande mekanismer till varför denna norm produceras och reproduceras samt hur detta kan påverka polisens legitimitet. Genom att undersöka polisens organisationskultur ämnar vi att belysa en problematik som drabbar organisationens legitimitet och förtroende illa. Studien har genomförts med hjälp av en kvalitativ intervjustudie med nio poliser i olika positioner. Den metodologiska ansatsen var induktiv i sin karaktär. Det analyserade resultatet har lett till en teoretisk modell. Modellen visar på de mekanismer som är orsaken till varför denna organisationskultur och norm fortfarande reproduceras. Vårt fynd är att organisationen skyddar sig från ett institutionellt tryck/förändringskrav med hjälp av diverse alibi. Dessa alibin bygger en fasad för att skapa legitimitet. Vår slutsats är att polisens organisationskultur inte har förändrats lika mycket som organisationen vill tro. Vid flera fall har det under studien framkommit tydliga tecken på att polisen är en icke jämställd organisation. Det existerar fortfarande en organisationskultur där normen utgår från en manlig polis och där allt som går utanför normen stöts bort. Polisen söker legitimitet från sin omvärld genom sitt jämställdhetsarbete. Men det krävs mer än luftslott för att bli jämställd på riktigt. Vår forskning bekräftar den tidigare forskningen men utvecklar de bakomliggande mekanismer som reproducerar fenomenet.

Dans le cadre de cette recherche doctorale, les analystes locales civiles, travaillant au sein de diverses zones de police belges, ont été étudiées dans la mesure où leur fonction est censée être au cœur de changements annoncés comme essentiels dans le fonctionnement de l’institution policière, en particulier en matière de planification de la politique policière et des activités opérationnelles.Au travers d’une étude empirique inductive et compréhensive du travail et des interactions des analystes au sein de divers états-majors policiers, ont ainsi été étudiés des pratiques et outils organisationnels de pilotage et d’évaluation de l’action policière, mais surtout les pratiques de celles et (plus rarement) ceux chargés d’en assumer la réalisation et d’appuyer la prise de décision par les hiérarchies policières. Cet examen éclaire au passage les activités organisatrices de la hiérarchie et celles d’acteurs opérationnels, à la fois opérateurs et premiers affectés par de telles pratiques et outils gestionnaires, que ce soit en devant les alimenter ou en voyant leurs tâches affectées par les usages qui en sont faits par la hiérarchie.La démarche adoptée est ainsi celle d’une investigation « par le bas » du sens d’une fonction, c’est-à-dire au travers de sa mise en œuvre concrète et quotidienne, et dans une large mesure éminemment technique, par ses acteurs attitrés. L’approche retenue s’est dès lors traduite par un travail combinant description ethnographique et théorisation ancrée à partir d’un matériau empirique constitué d’observations, d’entretiens et de documents glanés dans le cadre de cas sélectionnés en vertu d’un principe d’échantillonnage théorique, au fur et à mesure de l’avancement de l’analyse.<br>Doctorat en Criminologie<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

La ricerca e la scelta minuziosa della parola giusta dominano il mondo creativo di Elsa Morante e risultano dallo spoglio dei manoscritti: sono famose le sue liste di parole, che testimoniano di un continuo lavorio per l’individuazione della più opportuna, che meglio si adatti ad un determinato contesto. Da lettrice che avverte, da studiosa di letteratura aperta ad alcuni settori della linguistica che verifica, leggendo e rileggendo con strumenti adeguati, rimandi da un’opera all’altra e nota punti di contatto, costanti, ritorni con nuove valenze o le stesse del passato, ho deciso di affrontare il presente lavoro, Per un Lessico intellettuale di Elsa Morante, suddiviso in varie parti tra loro correlate: l’Introduzione che informa sulle motivazioni che hanno condotto alla sua formulazione, sulla metodologia seguita e sulle opere selezionate per l’analisi lessicografica; segue la Prima parte, Spunti per un’analisi critica, che offre la sezione critica della Seconda, ovvero quella del lessico vero e proprio con lemmi e relative schede, redatto tenendo in considerazione le norme del Centro per il Lessico Intellettuale Europeo. In questa Seconda parte, intitolata Lessico, di ciascun lemma vengono forniti i contesti significativi (schede-contesto) dell’ampiezza necessaria per renderli autonomamente intelligibili così da creare una voce del Lessico. Il Lessico non comprende tutte le parole presenti nelle opere da me vagliate, ma solo quelle ritenute più rappresentative della produzione creativa della scrittrice. Alla Terza parte, Index locorum, spetta il compito di offrire i risultati dello spoglio integrale di ciascun lemma inserito nel Lessico, condotto col ricorso al calcolatore elettronico; nasce per favorire un’analisi più obiettiva, per verifica del lavoro qui proposto da parte di qualsiasi studioso ne sia interessato, per mostrare le scelte operate (e avallarle o metterle in discussione), le occorrenze entrate nel Lessico come esempi più significativi di una data voce, le occorrenze scartate. Segue la Bibliografia, comprendente i testi utili allo sviluppo del mio studio, con informazioni sulle opere di Elsa Morante e l’elenco di libri, saggi e articoli sull’autrice e non, citati o consultati. Non si presenta in queste pagine un’analisi lessicografica dell’intera produzione artistica di Elsa Morante. Mi sono proposta uno scopo circoscritto a tre opere: Lettere ad Antonio, Alibi e Aracoeli, intendendo valorizzare tre testi che rispetto a Menzogna e sortilegio, L’isola di Arturo, Il Mondo salvato dai ragazzini e La Storia sono stati trascurati e non sempre analizzati con la dovuta attenzione. Critica letteraria, semantica lessicale o lessicologia, lessicografia costituiscono i percorsi utili alla creazione di Per un lessico intellettuale di Elsa Morante, permettono formulazioni più certe sull’attività, pensiero e linguaggio della scrittrice, sullo studio dei significati e dei sensi della sua ‘lingua individuale’ e degli imprescindibili fattori storico-culturali in cui essa si inserisce. Storia letteraria e linguistica dunque, come vuole il padre della critica stilistica Leo Sptizer, per meglio comprendere l’autore studiato. Nel Lessico, i lemmi si succedono in ordine alfabetico. Perché il lavoro complessivo crei un’intersezione delle varie parti per generare un organismo completo, va evidenziato che sono stati individuati percorsi per una più agile lettura del Lessico ─ poi approfonditi nella Prima parte, ovvero nella sezione critica ─ incentrati su delle voci significative, ciascuna delle quali si pone al centro di costellazioni terminologiche e quindi concettuali. È possibile creare insiemi di termini e concetti interdipendenti, da esaminare in connessione, per giungere ad una veduta complessiva degli esempi addotti ad esplicazione della terminologia morantiana. Tramite un’analisi sistematica sono state individuate alcune parole significative, chiamate ‘parole-guida’, ciascuna delle quali si pone a capo di un gruppo o insieme o ─ per usare una di quelle parole tratte dall’astronomia che compaiono nell’opera della Morante ─ “costellazione” di parole, costellazione terminologica come già detto, contenente un numero di parole che nell’opera della Morante sono alla parola-guida legate per affinità tematica. Come fosse un gioco di scatole cinesi, all’interno di ciascuna costellazione terminologica sono stati creati dei sottoinsiemi. Ogni sottoinsieme possiede a sua volta una parola-guida, resa graficamente in carattere minore, e contiene termini imparentati tematicamente ad essa e alla parola-guida che tutto contiene. La chiave interpretativa offerta e le soluzioni trovate, già presenti nella Seconda parte, Lessico, nella selezione delle schede-contesto, cioè nella scelta degli esempi utili alla costruzione delle voci, verranno approfondite in Spunti per un’analisi critica, sezione con intento esplicativo, d’approfondimento delle parole-lemma e del loro inserimento nell’ambito culturale e storico della Morante, ovvero nella sezione propriamente di critica letteraria che sulla parte lessicale fonda le proprie analisi e ipotesi. Se consideriamo diacronicamente l’opera complessiva della Morante da un lato appare chiara – come alcuni approcci linguistici ad essa hanno dimostrato – la metamorfosi oltre che necessariamente tematica, stilistica (variazione dei registri, la presenza o assenza di pluringuismo ecc.) dall’altro lato meno evidente ma altrettanto determinante ai fini di una migliore conoscenza dell’opera e dell’autrice l’esistenza di un nucleo che nel sistema lessicale morantiano si mantiene saldo e stabile dagli inizi alla fine della sua carriera artistica. Certamente col passare del tempo si aggiungeranno nuovi lessemi che non andranno ad intaccare i precedenti, i quali a loro volta possono diventare polisemi o aggiungere nuovi sensi accanto a quelli originari. Con questo lavoro si tenta di individuare e analizzare se non tutto, almeno in parte, proprio quel nucleo di lessemi.<br>The careful search for and choice of the right word dominate the creative world of Elsa Morante and are evident from examination of her manuscripts: her lists of words are quite well-known, testifying to a continuous work for identifying the most appropriate one, best suited to a given context. As a perceptive reader, as a discerning literary academic geared to certain areas of linguistics, by reading and rereading with appropriate tools, by cross-referencing from one work to another and noting the points of contact, constant and repetitive, coming back with new valences or the same as in the past, I decided to undertake this work, Per un Lessico intellettuale di Elsa Morante (For an intellectual Lexicon of Elsa Morante), divided into various interrelated parts: the Introduction that states the reasons which led to its formulation, the methods used and the works selected for lexicographical analysis; followed by Part One, Ideas for a critical analysis, which provides the critical section of Part Two, namely the actual lexicon proper with entries and related explanatory files, drawn up by taking into account the norms of the Centre for European Intellectual Lexicon. In this second part, entitled Lexicon, for each term are provided meaningful contexts (context-files) of sufficient amplitude in order to make them independently comprehensive so as to create an entry in the Lexicon. The Lexicon does not include all the words present in the works I examined, but only those considered most representative of the writer's creative output. Part Three, Index locorum, has the task of offering the results of the complete examination of each entry included in the Lexicon, conducted with the use of computer calculations; it was created to foster a more objective analysis, for verification of the work proposed here on the part of any scholar who may be interested, to show the choices made (and endorse or question them): the occurrences entered into the Lexicon as the most significant examples of a given item as well as the occurrences discarded. At the end is the Bibliography, including the texts useful for the development of my study, with information on the works of Elsa Morante and the list of books, essays and articles on the author and related topics, whether cited or only consulted. A lexicographical analysis of the entire literary production of Elsa Morante does not appear in these pages. I have set myself a goal confined to three books: Letters to Antonio, Alibi and Aracoeli, with the intention of bringing forth these three texts, which, with respect to Menzogna e sortilegio (House Of Liars), L’isola di Arturo (Arturo's Island), Il Mondo salvato dai ragazzini (The World Saved by Children) and La Storia (History) have been neglected and not always analyzed with due attention. Literary criticism, lexical semantics or lexicology, and lexicography lay the bases useful in creating For an intellectual Lexicon of Elsa Morante, allowing more certain formulations on the activity, thought and language of the writer, about the study of the meanings and nuances of her “individual language” and regarding the inexorable historical and cultural factors which influence it. Literary and linguistic history, therefore, as envisaged by the father of stylistic criticism, Leo Spitzer, to better understand the author studied. In the Lexicon, the entries are in alphabetical order. So that the overall work creates an intersection of the various parts as to generate a complete organism, it should be noted that ways have been identified for a more flexible reading of the Lexicon ─ expanded upon further in Part One, namely the critical section ─ focused on certain significant terms, each of which is the focus of terminological and thus conceptual patterns. One can create interdependent sets of terms and concepts to examine interrelatedly in order to achieve a general view of the examples put forward to explain the Morantian terminology. Through systematic analysis have been identified several significant words, called “guide-words”, each of which stands at the head of a group or set or ─ to use one of those words taken from astronomy which appear in the works of Morante ─ a "constellation" of words, a terminological constellation as mentioned above, containing a number of words which in the works of Morante are related to the guide-word through thematic affinity. Like a Russian matryoshka doll, within each terminological constellation subsets are created. Each subset in turn has a guide-word, graphically expressed in smaller characters, and contains terms related to it thematically and to the overall word-guide containing everything. The interpretative key provided and the solutions found, already included in Part Two, Lexicon, in the selection of the context-files, i.e. in the choice of examples useful for creating entries, will be expanded upon in Ideas for a critical analysis. This section has an explanatory intent, expanding upon the word-entries and their inclusion in the cultural and historical environment of Morante. Furthermore, the section of literary criticism itself bases its analyses and assumptions on the lexical sphere. If we consider the whole range of Morante’s works diachronically, on one hand it appears clear - as some linguistic approaches to it have shown – that the metamorphosis beyond being necessarily thematic is stylistic (variation in register, the presence or absence of multilingualism, etc.) On the other hand, less obvious but equally essential for a better understanding of the work and of the author, is the existence of a core which in the Morantian lexical system keeps itself solid and stable from the beginning to the end of her career. Certainly over time new lexemes will come to be added that will not affect the preceding ones, which in turn may become polysemes or add new meaning alongside the original ones. With this work an attempt is made to identify and analyze, if not all, at least a part of, that very core of lexemes.

Peter L. Berger's conception of agency in his earliest writings (c.1954-1960) is logically and empirically inadequate. At the root of this inadequacy is an idealism that prevents him from providing a compelling account of actual empirical agency. Chapter 1 asserts that Berger's earlier works warrant analysis. Chapter 2 discusses Berger's earliest influences, particularly Max Weber and The Swedish Lund School of motif research. Chapter 3 identifies a unique commitment to Christian Humanism at the base of Berger's conception of agency. Chapter 4 clarifies how Berger's Christian humanism interacts with his Weberian, and Parsonian-inspired functional analysis of the American religious establishment. The thesis concludes (Chapter 5) by identifying more specifically how and why Berger's Christian humanism undermines his attempt to empirically ground human agency.

Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2017-06-13T13:29:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thaiane Alves.pdf: 24241954 bytes, checksum: ebb2bd7eb5d73f76974759f72768d042 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-13T13:29:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thaiane Alves.pdf: 24241954 bytes, checksum: ebb2bd7eb5d73f76974759f72768d042 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-20<br>CAPES<br>El Atlas Lingüístico de Icatu tiene el objetivo de identicar y mapear las variaciones léxicas encontradas en esa localidad para ampliar el conocimiento del portugués hablado en Brasil y, consecuentemente, en Maranhão, además de ofrecer subsidios para las investigaciones en el área del lenguaje. Los presupuestos teórico metodológicos de la Dialectología y de la Geolingüística orientan el análisis de este trabajo, por medio de autores como Brandão, Coseriu, Ferreira y Cardoso, Isquerdo, Thun . El corpus de esta investigación es constituido de las respuestas obtenidas por medio de la aplicación del Cuestionario Semántico Lexical (QSL), elaborado por el Proyecto Atlas Lingüístico del Brasil (ALiB) y adaptado por el Proyecto Atlas Lingüístico del Maranhão. El cuestionario contiene 227 cuestiones que están distribuidas en 14 áreas semánticas: accidentes geográficos; fenómenos atmosféricos; astros y tiempo; actividades agropastoriles; fauna; cuerpo humano; ciclos de la vida; convivio y comportamiento social; religión y creencias; juegos y diversiones infantiles; espacios y habitaciones; alimentación y cocina; vestuario y accesorios; vida urbana. Se aplicó a 24 informantes en cuatro puntos de investigación, Icatu (sede), Itatuaba, Itapera, Anajatuba, con seis informantes en cada punto, distribuidos igualmente en tres fanjas etarias (franja etaria I - 18 a 30 años, franja etaria II - 50 a 65 años y franja etaria III - 70 años o más), en dos sexos (masculino y femenino). Además de esos criterios, se seleccionó el informante segundo el grado de escolaridad, naturalidad y ocupación o profesión. Basado en los datos obtenidos se elaboraron 227 cartas semántico léxicas en las que se presenta la variación lexical de los elementos investigados en el QSL, con el fin de registrar la memoria lingüística de esa comunidad. Los datos demuestran la riqueza y la gran diversidad del portugués hablado en la localidad. Como ejemplo tenemos las lexías chupa-água, aurinus, barreiro y caiporal, que corresponden, respectivamente, a los términos arco-íris, estrela d’alva, joão de barro y cigarro de palha, es necesario decir que esos términos no aparecieron en las encuestas realizadas por el Proyecto ALiMA en otras localidades de la Provincia de Maranhão.<br>O Atlas Linguístico de Icatu tem o objetivo de identificar e mapear as variações lexicais encontradas nessa localidade para ampliar o conhecimento do português falado no Brasil e, consequentemente, no Maranhão, além de oferecer subsídios para as pesquisas na área da linguagem. Os pressupostos teóricos-metodológicos da Dialetologia e da Geolinguística orientam a elaboração deste trabalho, através de autores como Brandão, Coseriu, Ferreira e Cardoso, Isquerdo, Thun,. O corpus desta pesquisa é constituído das respostas obtidas por meio da aplicação do Questionário Semântico-Lexical (QSL), elaborado pelo Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil (ALiB) e adaptado pelo Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Maranhão (ALiMA). O questionário contém 227 questões que estão distribuídas em 14 áreas semânticas: acidentes geográficos; fenômenos atmosféricos; astros e tempo; atividades agropastoris; fauna; corpo humano; ciclos da vida; convívio e comportamento social; religião e crenças; jogos e diversões infantis; espaços e habitação; alimentação e cozinha; vestuário e acessórios; vida urbana. Foi aplicado a 24 informantes em quatro pontos de inquéritos, Icatu (sede), Itatuaba, Itapera e Anajatuba, sendo seis informantes em cada ponto, distribuídos igualmente em três faixas etárias (faixa etária I – 18 a 30 anos, faixa etária II – 50 a 65 anos e faixa etária III – 70 anos ou mais), em dois sexos (masculino e feminino). Além desses critérios, o informante foi selecionado segundo grau de escolaridade, naturalidade e ocupação ou profissão. Com base nos dados obtidos foram elaboradas 227 cartas semântico-lexicais em que se apresenta a variação lexical dos itens investigados no QSL, a fim de registrar a memória linguística dessa comunidade. Os dados demonstram a riqueza e a grande diversidade do português falado na localidade. Tomamos como exemplos as variantes lexicais chupa-água, aurinus, barreiro e caiporal, que correspondem, respectivamente, aos termos arco-íris, estrela d’alva, joão de barro e cigarro de palha, cabe ressaltar que esses termos não apareceram nos inquéritos realizados pelo Projeto ALiMA em outras localidades do Estado do Maranhão.

L'albigeois medieval forme un champ privilegie pour l'observation de certains phenomenes structurels du moyen age. Apres l'essor economique et demographique, lent et obscur, posterieur au viie siecle, le systeme feodal s'instaure dans cette region par une mutation rapide et profonde entre 980 et 1070. La reforme "gregorienne" apparait comme l'un des effets de cette mutation. La ville s'affirme element organique du systeme feodal, complementaire de la campagne, et tres largement dependante de celle-ci pour sa vitalite economique. Un signe : la construction des cathedrales meridionales est financee par les dimes rurales. L'evolution du systeme feodal entraine des desequilibres sociaux et s'accompagne de l'essor du catharisme. Ce dernier, toutefois, se limite a la chevalerie et aux elites urbaines. Ni populaire, ni national, il s'efface, avant tout, grace a la reconquete spirituelle operee par les ordres mendiants. Le gothique toulousain, dont la cathedrale d'albi marque l'epanouissement, constitue l'une des reponses donnees a l'heresie. La subordination economique de la ville a la campagne et le caractere fondant de la population urbaine a partir de 1320 favorisent l'association d'albi au regime monarchique, dont les modeles culturels inspirent le decor interieur de la cathedrale<br>The albigeois region provides a privileged field of observation for certain mediaeval structural phenomena. After the economic growth, having developed gradually and inconspicuously, which began during the viith century, the feudal system took hold in the region, between 980 and 1070, through a rapid and profound mutation. The gregorian reform seems to be one of the effects of this change. The town appears as an organic element of the feudal system, a complement to the countryside, and very dependent upon it for its economic vitality. A sign of this is the fact that the building of cathedrals in southern france was financed by rural lithes. The evolution of the feudal system brought with it social imbalance, accompanied by the rise of catharism, which however was limited to knights and to the urban elites. Neither popular nor national, it disappeared, largely due to the spiritual conquest carried out by the mendicant orders. The toulousan gothic style, of which albi cathedral is the finest example, constituted one of the ways of reacting against the heresy. The economic subordination of town to country, and the unstable and shrinking nature of the urban population from 1320 onwards, contributed to albi's association with the monarchie regime, the cultural models of which inspired the interior decoration of the cathedral

The aim of this thesis is to carry out a marketing survey and to analyze the effectiveness of a TV campaign for ALBI company with major focus on answering a set of crucial research questions. The first part of the thesis covers such issues as marketing, marketing communication, advertising and marketing survey from a theoretical point of view. After that I introduce the ALBI company and its marketing activities. The practical part is devoted to the marketing survey itself. I present the preparatory phase, the realization of the survey and its results. The goal of the survey was to reveal consumer preferences and different mindsets within the Czech population. The main contribution of the thesis is the survey output and marketing recommendations which shall be used internally by ALBI in order to improve its processes within the marketing department.

Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Histoire--Paris 1, 2005. Titre de soutenance : Histoires de familles : les élites à Albi, vers 1500-vers 1600.<br>En appendice, choix de documents. Bibliogr. p. 699-731. Notes bibliogr. Index.

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social<br>Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-25T19:56:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 310838.pdf: 10915861 bytes, checksum: 9bfa30f1ea64da0ab85ce5354f09f19e (MD5)<br>Esta Tese desenvolve uma reflexão sobre o projeto de comunicação audiovisual indígena Vídeo nas Aldeias, da perspectiva de uma de suas bem-sucedidas experiências que resultou na formação profissional do documentarista Divino Tserewahú, da comunidade xavante de Sangradouro (MT). O trabalho apresenta uma etnografia dos encontros entre índios e não-índios promovidos pelo projeto, incluindo o da pesquisadora com seus interlocutores; problematiza o tema da produção da imagem do grupo e as relações da antropóloga com seus interlocutores para a realização da pesquisa de campo. A pesquisaaconteceu em um momento crítico daquela comunidade, com ações de implantação de um acordo que colocou termo a um conflito de graves proporções vivido por aquela comunidade com o filho do titular de uma propriedade lindeira à Terra Indígena Sangradouro/Volta Grande, que envolveu os produtores rurais de Primavera do Leste, os políticos locais e o governo do estado, a Comissão de Direitos Humanos da Câmara dos Deputados, o Ministério Público Federal e a Funai. Os trabalhos de campo foram realizados nos anos de 2003 e 2004 em Olinda (PE), Sangradouro (MT), Campo Grande (MS), Rio de Janeiro (RJ) e Primavera do Leste (MT). Em 2007, 2008 e 2010 outros campos foram feitos em Montreal (Quebec, Canadá), São Paulo (SP) e Campo Grande (MS), respectivamente.<br>This thesis develops a reflection about the indians audiovisual communication project Video in the Villages, from the perspective of one of his successful experiences which resulted in the professional education of the documentarist Divino Tserewahu, belonging to the Xavante community of Sangradouro, state of Mato Grosso (MT). The work presents an ethnography of the meetings promoted by the project, between indians and non--#]indians including the meeting between the researcher and her interlocutors; questions the theme of the image production of the group and the relationships between the anthropologist and her interlocutors for carrying out her field research. The research happened in a critical moment of that community, with actions implementing a agreement that put an end to a conflict of serious proportions involving the son of the owner of a property boundaries with the Indigenous Land of Sangradouro/Volta Grande, tha talso involved the farmers of Primavera do Leste and local politicians, the state government, the Human Rights Commission of the House of Representatives, the Federal Prosecution Attorneys and the Funai (National Indians Foundation). The fieldwork was made in the years 2003 and 2004 in olinda, state of Pernambuco (PE); Sangradouro, state of Mato Grosso (MT); Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS); Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ); and Primavera do Leste, (MT). In 2007, 2008 and 2010 other field researches were made in Montreal (Quebec, Canada); Sao Paulo, state of Sao Paulo (SP); and Campo Grande (MS), respectively.

La France, une société démocratique où l'égalité en est la norme, le principe de régulation sociale, l'idéal de l'homo democraticus. Cependant, cette société est désagrégée en une diversité de marquages de différenciations. Les sociétés démocratiques, comme la française, ont le défi de concilier la différenciation réelle avec l'idéal d'égalité, en différenciant sans hiérarchiser. Les signes comme les stratégies de distanciations confirment cette interprétation et elles sont présentes dans les pratiques quotidiennes et spécialement dans les rites sociaux. La proposition de notre travail d'analyser les marquages de différenciations dans un pays comme la France, semble être dépourvue de sens. Ce choix part du présupposé que c'est la "différence" qui anime les sociétés aux principes égalitaires, se confond avec elles-mêmes et est ainsi à la base de toute signification d'égalité. Pour implanter ce travail, nous avons dû lui choisir une ville et ses habitants. Albi, ville du sud-ouest de la France, chef-lieu du département du Tarn a été élue. En travaillant avec le mariage et la première communion, deux rites d'intégration individuelle ainsi que le carnaval et le 14 juillet qui exemplifient l'intégration collective, nous croyons pouvoir dégager la logique de marquage de différenciation. Le "jeu" entre le traditionnel et le moderne, existant dans des pratiques des rites deviennent des expressions. Le fait d'être issu d'une société, comme la brésilienne, structurée sur des catégories antagonistes nous a permis de porter un regard particulier sur la question énoncée ici.

L'analyse archéologique du choeur de Sainte-Cécile d'Albi retrace l'historique du monument et fait le point dans un premier temps sur les sources. Elle détaille ensuite l'architecture du choeur qui n'avait jusqu'alors pas été analysée pour elle-même tant la statuaire albigeoise avait fasciné les historiens de l'art. L'étude architecturale approfondie de ce monument de l'art gothique flamboyant permet de mettre en lumière les techniques de taille et d'assemlblage employées par les artistes de la fin du Moyen Age, de les comparer aux chantiers contemporains et de diagnostiquer quatre étapes successives dans la construction de la clôture du choeur de la cathédrale d'Albi. Les relevés qui sont associés à cette étude permettent de constater l'état des lieux de cet ensemble et de distinguer les altérations naturelles ou accidentelles des dégradations volontaires et font le point sur les restaurations dont le choeur d'Albi a fait l'objet (éléments assez peu prsi en compte jusqu'à présent). L'inventaire détaillé rassemble les relevés et les descriptions exhaustives de la statuaire albigeoise. Il ambitionne de constituer un matériau fiable pour permettre des rapprochements stylistiques entre les oeuvres et identifier les différents ateliers qui oeuvrèrent au choeur d'Albi. Il met en évidence l'intervention d'artistes peintres ainsi que l'influence de l'enluminure et de la gravure de la fin du Moyen Age. On perçoit alors mieux les échanges qui pouvaient intervenir à cette époque et notamment la circulation des recueils d'images au sein des ateliers contemporains. Le sens symbolique de cet ensmeble est également mis en lumière, donnant ainsi une idéé assez précise du rôle de louis Ier d'Amboise, le commanditaire du choeur de la cathédrale Sainte-Cécile d'Albi<br>The archaeologic analyse of Saint-Cécile chancel relates the monument story and sums up the different and various sources. It details the choir architecture that hadn't been really studied before. In fact the albigensian statuary is so famous that it concentrated the art historians researches. The deep archaeologic study of this late gothic styled monument brings to light the sharpening and assembling technics used by the artists at the end of the Middle Ages. The essay compares them to the contempraneous building sites and permits to diagnosticate four successive stages in the albigensian chancel construction. The associated plottings help to realize the state of preservation, distinguishing the natural alterations from the intentional damages and restorations the chancel underwent. The detailed inventory puts together the statuary plottings and exhaustive descriptions. It seeks to set up a reliable material to organise stylistic comparison between the works and to allow the identification of the different workshops that operated in Albi. The study shows finally the intervention of painters and the influence of late gothic illuminations and engravings. The symbolic sense of this ensemble is shown, giving a precise idea of the Louis Ist of Amboise rôle

Ce travail étudie le groupe dominant d'une cité méridionale du royaume, comparable à bien d'autres. On trouve les marchands pastelliers à l'origine de la renommée d'Albi. Ils subissent les effets du recul de ce négoce qui affaiblit durablement leur position sociale au sein de la cité. Les gradués et officiers, moins nombreux, connaissent une ascension sociale régulière sur le siècle surpassant celle des marchands. Pourtant, ensemble ils confisquent le pouvoir consulaire. Les chanoines et quelques religieux s'ajoutent à ces deux groupes. Cette définition des élites souligne, malgré des différences de statuts ou de métiers, de nombreux traits communs aux divers groupes. La deuxième partie montre que par leur mode de vie et de mort, par leurs choix religieux, leur conception des études les élites présentent davantage de similitudes que de différences. L'adoption d'un mode d'existence propre les sépare du reste de la population. La troisième partie aborde le mariage. Dans une petite ville, le mélange des élites s'impose. Il provoque aussi la fermeture de ce groupe au début du XVIIe siècle. Ce travail explore les voies d'ascension dans une ville sans institutions importantes.

My diploma thesis is instalation, which elements are based on principales of ready-made. Documentation of living performance. Site-specific charakter, objects, and documents are common, that are one from of physical, psychical, and social injuries. Trought the installation and added text with its full range of form I am changing the discurse.

La recherche interesse les peintres autochtones ou de passage et leur production artistique, en albigeois, entre le dernier quart du xveme siecle et la premiere moitie du xviieme siecle. Elle comprend un ensemble de notices signaletiques, une pour chacun des peintres, et realise ainsi l'esquisse d'un catalogue. L'etude proprement dite a pour objet de cerner le contenu de la notion de "metier de peintre" a travers les documents d'archives - contrats d'apprentissage, baux et besogne ou prix-faits, comptes et memoires, actes de procedure, testaments -, dans le contexte singulier, economique, culturel, culturel et artistique, d'un terroir privilegie, de sa clientele potentielle ou effective et de ses exigences. Le but de cette etude est de montrer que l'evolution du savoir et du savoir-faire avec l'appropriatioin des donnees plastiques de la renaissance par de modestes peintres locaux, evolution decouverte a travers des oeuvres in situ, n'est pas seulement fonction de l'attrait d'un foyer artistique proche, le foyer toulousain, ou d'un mecenat d'exception, celui des amboise a albi, mais obeit plutot aux choix d'une epoque et a leurs differents moyens de diffusion<br>This research deals with native or visiting painters in the albi area and their artistic production, between the last quarter of the 15th century and the first half of the 17th century. It includes a collection of identifying notes, one for each painter, and thus gives the outlines of a catalogue. The purpose of the study itself is to define the notion of "work of the painter" through archive documents - apprenticeship contracts, work leases or prix-faits, accounts and reports, proceedings deeds, wills - in the particular, economical, religious, cultural and artistic context of a priviliged rural area, of its potential and effective clientele and of its requirements. The aim of this study is to show that the evolution of knowledge and craftsmanship, together with the appropriation of the plastic elements of the renaissance by modest local painters - an evolution discovered through works in situ - is not only due to the attractioin of a nearby artistic centre - namely the toulouse centre - or to an exceptional patronage namely the amboises in albi - but follows the choices of an era and their means of diffusion

Dans la présente recherche nous nous intéressons aux logiques qui sous-tendent la scolarisation des enfants d'immigrés en Grèce. En considérant ce public, relativement nouveau pour l'école primaire grecque, comme une entrée privilégiée pour étudier le rapport des instituteurs grecs à la difficulté, à la langue, à l'altérité et au métier, nous nous focalisons sur les représentations autour des difficultés linguistiques et de la langue dans l'enseignement et de l'enseignement. Il s'agit d'étudier en quoi les instituteurs grecs sont interrogés par la présence de ces élèves et de mettre au jour les implicites autour de leurs difficultés et de leur condition scolaire ainsi que l'éclatement des logiques qui travaillent les enseignants et les contradictions dans lesquelles ces derniers sont pris compte tenu du déficit d'objectifs clairs concernant la scolarisation des immigrés<br>In the present research we refer to the principles underpinning the schooling of immigrants' children in Greece. Considering this relatively new population for Greek elementary school as a privileged starting-point in order to study the relation of Greek teachers to the difficulty, language, cultural diversity and the profession, we focus on the representation of the linguistic difficulties and of the teaching language. The aim of this research is to study how Greek teachers deal with the presence of these pupils and to demonstrate what their difficulties and school condition imply as well as to diffuse the principles with which teachers are preoccupied and the contradictions the latter face, taking into account the lack of explicit objectives concerning immigrants' education

Il presente elaborato è incentrato sulla proposta di traduzione dell'albo illustrato intitolato “Palabras de Federico García Lorca” della scrittrice spagnola Concha López Narváez. L’opera in questione narra la storia del grande poeta andaluso. Partendo dai primissimi anni della sua infanzia, il lettore fa un vero e proprio viaggio attraverso le varie tappe della vita di Lorca, ma, come suggerisce lo stesso titolo, il viaggio viene fatto anche attraverso le parole del grande artista: i suoi versi, le sue opere teatrali. Il lettore viene catapultato in questo magico universo in cui fatti di vita vissuta e poesie si fondono armoniosamente insieme, offrendo così un ritratto intimo del grande poeta. Nel presente elaborato, dopo un primo paragrafo introduttivo in cui espongo le principali ragioni che mi hanno spinta a scegliere la letteratura infantile come macro-argomento e questo albo illustrato nello specifico, si parte dall'analisi dell’opera: autrice, illustratore, genere d’appartenenza, paratesto (con particolare attenzione alle illustrazioni), contenuto del libro e stile. Nella sezione successiva, propongo la mia traduzione, inedita in italiano, a cui segue un paragrafo dedicato al commento della traduzione stessa. I commenti sono relativi all'approccio traduttivo adottato in generale, ma anche alle strategie messe in atto al momento di tradurre gli elementi culturali specifici, le poesie e le canzoni popolari contenute nel testo. Nel presente elaborato ho inoltre inserito una proposta editoriale per un’eventuale pubblicazione dell’opera in Italia. Infine, il paragrafo finale è una conclusione che mi ha permesso di tirare le somme e riassumere i punti cruciali del presente elaborato, ovvero: traduzione, letteratura per l’infanzia e albi illustrati.

I primi studi sul sessismo nei libri per l’infanzia in Italia risalgono agli anni Settanta. Da quel periodo in poi, molte ricerche si sono concentrate sull'importanza dei primi anni di vita per la formazione dell’identità di genere di bambini e bambine e sul ruolo cruciale svolto dalla letteratura per l’infanzia nella comprensione e interpretazione del mondo da parte di piccoli lettori e lettrici. L’obiettivo dell’elaborato è di indagare le modalità in cui mascolinità e femminilità vengono rappresentate negli albi illustrati. Nel primo capitolo si fornisce una panoramica generale sull'influenza dei condizionamenti sociali nella letteratura per l’infanzia, si prosegue nel secondo capitolo esponendo gli schemi ricorrenti negli albi che concorrono a fornire una rappresentazione stereotipata di maschi e femmine e infine nel terzo capitolo si procede all'analisi di tre albi illustrati e all'esame della narrazione che viene proposta delle figure femminili e di quelle maschili.

This thesis focuses on the translation of literature for children, with particular regard to the translation of picturebooks, complete with a general overview of the subject and the analysis of the illustrated book “L’albero di ombrelli - 雨伞树 yusan shu” as a case study. This dissertation is divided into three sections. The first section introduces the main topic, in order to provide the reader with a general overview. To begin with, the section shall briefly consider the historical background of the literature for children both in Italy and in China, looking at its development up to the present day. The second section focuses on the different theories of translating for children, with a special interest in those addressing the translation of picturebooks. The theories taken into account are the results of a series of studies conducted by distinguished scholars such as Finnish translator and theoretician Riitta Oittinen. The third section investigates the features of the picturebook “L’albero di ombrelli雨伞树 yusan shu”. The most striking characteristics of this book are its bilingual nature and its educational role. The analysis focuses on the narratological and semiotic aspects of the case study, which means that both the rhythm of the story and the relationship between text and images shall be the object of in-depth discussion. Furthermore, this dissertation shall address the educational role of the book and examine the choices of the translator. A bibliography can be found in the appendix at the end of this paper.

Introduction There is a peculiar place that inhabits the immense space of children’s literature, a place in which children enjoy a “special statute”. This is a place where, unlike other fields and due to the illustrated book’s structural specificity according to which the story is narrated through images, children can hold an equal dialogue with adults, and, if properly stimulated, show unsuspected liveliness and reading ability sometimes greater than those of adults. This special place dwells in the literary space of the picturebook. Traditionally employed with very young children (nursery and infant school) as an instrument of initiation into the pleasure of reading, the picturebook is proving to be an excellent resource for reading promotion also with older children. Objectives The research intends to examine the potential of the picturebooks and illustrated books to develop cognitive and emotional processes of visual literacy, artistic awareness and formation of critical and imaginative thought. Description The research is divided into two parts. The first part of the research concerns an international investigation on the picturebook, aiming to delineate the state of the art, in Italy and abroad, of the features, nature , potential and future perspectives of the contemporary picturebook. Such investigation has been accomplished by gathering the opinions expressed by a selected group of experts using Delphi Method. The investigation has involved some of the most important scholars of the international scientific community. Three categories of experts have been identified: professors and critics, illustrators, publishers. The expert group involved was formerly formed of 38 experts coming from Italy and the rest of the world: Europe (France, Germany, Great Britain, Portugal, Slovakia), Northern America (USA and Canada), Central America (Mexico) Africa (Senegal), Asia (Korea), and Australia. The second part of the research has employed the information gathered in the first part of the research to accomplish an observation research on the field. The field research has taken place in a primary school of the Province of Padua. Using the participant observation, the research group has observed the modalities of interaction, the response typology and the preferences expressed by children (6, 8 and 10 years) about the picturebooks and the illustrated books presented. The research has lingered over a the reading, analysis and iconic interpretation of the illustrated version of Red Riding Hood, Hansel & Gretel and Bluebeard. Children have been incited to move and orient themselves inside the aesthetic-visual dimension, and will be invited to express their critical evaluation through the comparison of seven different illustrated versions of the same fairy tale. The instruments of analysis employed for the observation research have been integrated by the use of a diary on the part of the child and of his family. A figurative questionnaire has been used too. Results The results have pointed out that there is a connection between the formation of the aesthetic-visual dimension and the formation of critical and imaginative thought: teaching to look into and through things and visual-emotional literacy are deeply tied to the constructivist mental operation of meaning attribution and “meaning making”.<br>Introduzione C’è un luogo singolare che abita lo spazio sterminato della letteratura per l’infanzia, un luogo in cui i bambini godono di uno statuto speciale. È un luogo in cui, a differenza di altri ambiti e grazie al peculiare linguaggio della narrazione, i bambini possono dialogare alla pari con gli adulti e, se opportunamente sollecitati, dimostrano vivacità e abilità di lettura insospettabili, a volte perfino superiori a quelle degli adulti. Questo luogo speciale dimora nello spazio letterario degli albi illustrati, altresì denominati picturebook. Tradizionalmente utilizzato con i bambini più piccoli (asilo nido e scuola dell’infanzia) quale strumento di iniziazione al piacere di leggere, il picturebook si sta rivelando un’ottima risorsa anche per la promozione della lettura nei ragazzi più grandi. Obiettivi Focus della presente ricerca è quello di studiare le potenzialità che l’albo e il libro illustrato hanno di sviluppare processi emozionali e cognitivi di visual literacy, di formazione del pensiero critico e immaginifico nei bambini in età scolare. Descrizione La ricerca è suddivisa in due parti. La prima parte riguarda una ricognizione internazionale sul picturebook che ha l’obiettivo di delineare lo stato dell’arte, in Italia e all’estero, delle caratteristiche, della natura, delle potenzialità di utilizzo e le prospettive dell’albo illustrato contemporaneo. Tale ricognizione è stata effettuata raccogliendo i pareri espressi da un selezionato gruppo di esperti attraverso la tecnica Delphi. La ricerca ha coinvolto gli studiosi più accreditati della comunità scientifica internazionale che, oltre a fornire i paradigmi più significativi della ricerca sul territorio mondiale, hanno orientato il successivo lavoro di sperimentazione sul campo. Il gruppo di esperti coinvolto nella prima parte della ricerca è costituito da 28 esperti provenienti dall’Italia e da altri paesi europei ed extraeuropei: Francia, Germania, Gran Bretagna, Portogallo, Slovacchia, USA e Canada, Senegal, Messico, Corea e Australia. La seconda parte della ricerca consiste nella restituzione dei risultati di una sperimentazione osservativa sul campo, a partire dalle indicazioni raccolte nella prima parte della ricerca stessa. Durante la sperimentazione, attuata in una scuola primaria della provincia di Padova, si sono osservate le modalità di interazione, la tipologia di risposta e le preferenze espresse dai bambini (6, 8 e 10 anni) rispetto ad alcuni albi e libri illustrati di fiabe. La ricerca si è soffermata sulla lettura, sull’analisi e sull’interpretazione iconica di Cappuccetto Rosso, Hansel & Gretel, Barbablù. I bambini sono stati sollecitati a muoversi e orientarsi all’interno della dimensione estetico-visiva e invitati a formulare una propria valutazione critica attraverso il confronto di sette diverse versioni illustrate della stessa fiaba. Oltre alle note etnografiche, si sono utilizzati ulteriori strumenti di indagine quali il diario di bordo e di famiglia e un questionario figurativo. Risultati I risultati hanno evidenziato che esiste una relazione tra il piacere della lettura e la formazione della dimensione estetico-visiva, del pensiero critico e immaginifico. E, ancora, quanto l’educazione allo sguardo e l’alfabetizzazione visivo-emozionale siano intimamente legate all’operazione mentale di stampo costruttivista dell’attribuzione di senso, del “fare significato”. Grazie alla loro articolata struttura visiva, gli albi e i libri illustrati hanno suscitato, attraverso il coinvolgimento emotivo e il sentimento della curiosità, una lettura “sensuale” del libro, hanno favorito nel giovane lettore l’attitudine all’osservazione, hanno incoraggiato una maggiore partecipazione nell’interpretazione della storia.

Michel de Montaigne believed that to judge a man, we must follow his traces long and carefully. This chronological study of Fou Lei (1908-1966) traces, firstly, his footsteps as a cogent critic of art, literature, music and politics, and as the most accomplished translator of French literature in China of the twentieth century, and secondly reveals a fraction of an intellectual labyrinth meandering through China’s fragmented modern history, almost Oedipal in its disposition towards its past, and its tragic love relations with the West, real or envisioned. Fou Lei the translator of Balzac and Fou Lei the art critic have been the subjects of recent scholarly work of Nicolai Volland and Claire Roberts. This thesis proposes an intellectual biography of Fou Lei and commences, by necessity, with a narrative of his youth – especially the years he spent in Europe – which he himself scarcely mentioned, and the analysis of which is sorely missing in existing literature. Hitherto unpublished documents that I discovered in France and Switzerland contribute to this biography. A close examination of Fou Lei’s early, especially emotional, life is made with the purpose of contextualising his subsequent moral and existential choices. These choices in turn are historicised through his writing, translation and correspondence. Archival findings in Paris lend significant insight into the agony in which he lived during his last years in China, where political predicaments alone were responsible for his death. There are two dimensions to this investigation: intellectual and linguistic. A recurring theme is that of parallels, and a sustained inquiry that of how to reconstruct, then deconstruct, the process of cultural translation and appropriation. Allowing the material to dictate my treatment of it, I make as my focus the internal life of an individual against external conditions. Fou Lei, who chose to live a strictly sedentary life in response to his circumstances, justifies and demands this treatment. Squarely through the point of view of an intellectual who made sense of external and internal realities by way of rigid dichotomy, I obliquely challenge generalised ideas, in particular those of this intellectual himself. I thereby draw attention to the specific thought process of his generalising and the possible ways of understanding it, throwing into question the linguistic instability inherent in these efforts. Under psychological considerations, pre-supposed categorisations dissolve. The ingenium of an individual scrutinised in a given historical situation makes specific the notion of “culture” in a defined context, itself routinely entangled not least semantically. Other than situating Fou Lei, where necessary, in his social milieu, I make apparent, and give accent to, a milieu of words, one with indistinct geographical and temporal boundaries, to glimpse the mental world of a multilingual literatus, the devotion of whose entire adult life was to the craft of language. For the same reason that a thesis on Joseph Conrad might not be expected to discuss Poland, I restrain, where possible, inclined elaboration on the elephantine subject that is China in my study of Fou Lei. I hope to illustrate the “obsession with China” – as C. T. Hsia termed it – that he shared with his contemporaries without falling victim myself to that obsession. This individualistically-driven narrative yet serves a historical purpose. It allows Fou Lei himself to take us from a post-revolutionary, post-May Fourth, post-White Terror Shanghai to an inter-war Europe during the Great Depression, and back to a China entering the Sino-Japanese War, then the Civil War, changing thereafter from a Republic to a People’s Republic under progressively totalitarian control, and traversing endless upheavals into the Cultural Revolution. This voyage becomes thereupon itself a witness both to Fou Lei’s desperate interaction with his time, and to his fierce insistence on autonomy. Notwithstanding our way of arguing being by and large linear, in no way should Fou Lei’s journey be conceptualised as so. In a peculiarly three-dimensional manner, there was more a dislocation, or a continuous array of dislocations, that he had to make sense of in relation to his own country, the political signification of which changed several times over in the lifetime of that particular generation, than the easily supposed confrontation and integration between the so-called East and West. What this modern Chinese intellectual, decidedly archaic in his moral standing and profoundly romantic in a nineteenth-century European sense, obliges, is multi-disciplinary research from multiple angles. What this study of his youth, now positioned in relation to his entire life, reveals, are aspirations that were never fulfilled, seeds that never grew. What it portrays is a sensitivity determined to educate himself against all odds. To a certain extent, this is not so much an analysis of what he achieved – and achieve he did, formidably – as of how he was aborted, and why. In Fou Lei and his Alibis, we observe a man of letters turning time and again to art and literature as a refuge, and I raise, and leave open, questions about his conditions and reactions, still unresolved; questions of alienation and exile, imposed and chosen; questions of perceived roots, perceived universality; the question, as Simone Weil put it, of the relationship between destiny and the human soul.

This thesis examines the dispossession of the Trencavel Viscounts of Carcassonne, Beziers, Albi and Razes by the Albigensian crusaders in 1209. It considers the factors influencing the crusaders' decision to attack Beziers and Carcassonne and the response from the Trencavel lands, setting the end of Trencavel power in the context of their eleventh- and twelfth-century history. The introduction considers the use of the name 'Trencavel' and construction of the family identity. It then sets out the major political developments of twelfth -century Languedoc, and surveys the main events of the Albigensian crusade from the 1209 campaign against Beziers and Carcassonne to Raymond Trencavel II's surrender to Louis IX in 1247. The first chapter considers the primary and secondary sources for the study of the Trencavel and the apparent division in previous historiography between studies of the Albigensian crusade and of the twelfth-century nobility of Languedoc. The next four chapters then examine the development of Trencavel power during the twelfth century and their position on the eve of the crusade. They compare their nominal with their actual authority, arguing that they were ill-placed to command for themselves sigmficant local support against the crusade, and consider the lack of response to Trencavel dispossession in this light. The following two chapters then consider the factors influencing the choice of the Trencavel lands as the first target of the crusade. They argue that the Trencavel were neither heretical themselves nor especially tolerant of heresy, and that it was the family's poor relations with the Cistercian Order which set them apart from their neighbours for the crusaders. They conclude with a consideration of Pope Innocent III's woMes about the effect of the crusade on the reputation of the church, and exarmine the ameliorating effect of the case of Trencavel dispossession on papal concerns for the crusade.

Les expériences théâtrales au-dehors sont multiples, à Paris et à New York entre 1913 et 1939, et plus largement dans l’ensemble du monde théâtral. Comment les interpréter, et les resituer dans l’histoire générale des formes théâtrales? Leur extrême diversité empêche tout discours homogène et invite à adopter une méthode d’analyse procédant par cas d’étude plutôt que par système. Cette thèse se propose de forger un concept opératoire, celui de « dehors », qui permettrait d’analyser ces formes et d’en restituer la polysémie. En se concentrant sur le contexte urbain et en faisant le choix d’une attitude comparatiste, cette étude vise à prendre en compte le spectacle des et dans les villes de Paris et New York, à un moment où les échanges entre les deux métropoles sont extrêmement féconds. Jacques Copeau, André Barsacq, le groupe Octobre, les représentations du Vray Mistère de la Passion dans les années 1930, les spectacles du Front Populaire, ou encore Jean-Richard Bloch sont quelques-unes des figures et des séances théâtrales sur lesquelles la partie française s’arrêtera. Pour le contexte américain, l’étude s’appuie notamment sur les expériences des Provincetown Players, sur la tradition des pageants et leur réorientation idéologique dans certains cas, sur les conceptions théâtrales de Percy MacKaye, sur les projects architecturaux de Friedrich Kiesler ou Norman Bel Geddes, mais aussi sur le Federal Theatre Project. L’objectif de cette thèse est ainsi d’analyser de quoi ces appropriations théâtrales diverses du dehors peuvent être le signe, au sein de quelle histoire théâtrale elles peuvent s’inscrire, et dans quelle mesure leur oubli relatif est révélateur, sur le plan tant esthétique que politique<br>Many outdoor theatrical experiences could be observed in Paris and in New York, between 1913 and 1939 and, more broadly, in the whole theatrical world. How can we interpret them? And how can we insert them in the larger history of theatrical forms? Their extreme diversity prevents us from having a homogeneous discourse about them and calls for a method based on case studies more than on a systematic approach. This thesis aims at creating an operative concept, the « outdoor » concept (« dehors » in French), which will enable us to dig deeper into those theatrical forms and to restore their polysemy. By focusing on an urban context and by choosing a comparative approach, this thesis aspires to take into account the spectacle of the cities of Paris and New York and the spectacles in them, at a time when the exchanges between the two cities were very productive. Jacques Copeau, André Barsacq, the « groupe Octobre », the showings of the Vray Mistère de la Passion in the 1930s, the great shows during the Popular Front or Jean-Richard Bloch are some of the figures and theatrical events discussed in the first part of this work. The second part deals with the American context, it draws on experiences such as the Provincetown Players, the pageant tradition and its ideological shift, the theatrical vision of Percy MacKaye, the architectural projects of Friedrich Kiesler or Norman Bel Geddes, or the Federal Theatre Project. This thesis will hopefully help to understand these outdoor performances, what they indicate in terms of history and aesthetics and how their relatively cursory consideration can paradoxically be meaningful in several respects

Dans la majorité des discours qui se tiennent, depuis une quinzaine d’années en France, sur le “problème de l’immigration”, l’on r serve une place tres particulière a la “question des femmes”. C’est-a-dire que les femmes issues de l’immigration, et plus particulièrement les femmes d’origine maghrébine, constituent une sorte d’enjeu pour les acteurs sociaux et politiques, toutes tendances confondues, qui se sentent de près ou de loin concernés par la sauvegarde de l’identité nationale et/ou culturelle. A droite come à gauche, du côté maghrébin comme du côté français “dc souche”, et dans la rue comme à la Faculté, l’on insiste, parfois lourdement, sur l’importance du role joué par “les femmes immigrées” et surtout par les “beurettes” dans l’une des plus grandes transformations sociales de cette fin de siècle en France.

A la fin des années 80, nombre d'élus des villes moyennes françaises s'investissent en faveur du développement universitaire de leur territoire. Ce mariage insolite Villes moyennes-Université est révélateur de la recomposition et de la banalisation des modes de gouverner les territoires (Gouverner par l’action). Trois terrains ont été sélectionnés : La Rochelle, Albi et Rodez. La première partie reconstitue l'histoire de ces politiques universitaires locales jusqu’en 2001, la deuxième partie en propose une analyse transversale. Les acteurs publics locaux sont triplement mis à l'épreuve : du point de vue de leur légitimité territoriale ; de leur capacité à construire des alliances variées et à territorialiser leur démarche. Un modèle de gouvernement pragmatique territorialisé est finalement établi. Il invite à considérer que gouverner les villes relève d'une capacité organisationnelle (gouvernance) mais aussi d’une capacité adaptative aux problèmes publics territorialisés<br>At the end of the eighties, elected officials of the french average cities invest their institution in university public policies. In France, this strange marriage between middle size towns and University is revealing a process of vulgarization of local governance process (Govern by action). Three grounds were selected: La Rochelle in the west, Albi and Rodez in south-west. The first part reconstitutes the history of university local policies. The second part proposes a comparative analysis. The local public actors are three times put to the test: from the point of view of their territorial legitimacy, in their capacity to build varied alliances and "territorialize" their policy. A pragmatic model of territorialized governance is finally established. It supposes to consider that to govern a city the local governance imply an organisational capacity (governance, urban regimes) and an adaptative capacity with territorialized public problems

La presente ricerca indaga i più recenti albi illustrati di divulgazione scientifica per l’infanzia (non-fiction picturebook). Rispetto al passato, questi nuovi libri per bambini della categoria non-fiction si configurano oggi come veri e propri picturebook, presentando al loro interno un apparato illustrativo dominante, ricercato, in dialogo con quello testuale e suscitando interessanti quesiti di tipo estetico, ermeneutico e pedagogico ancora scarsamente indagati dalla critica sia italiana, sia internazionale. L’obiettivo della ricerca è quello di condurre uno studio comparativo analizzando i più interessanti albi illustrati non-fiction provenienti da diversi Paesi, per interrogarsi su quali siano le caratteristiche precipue di questa nuova tipologia editoriale e quali le strategie attraverso le quali il sapere viene organizzato all’interno di libri non-fiction multi-modali nei quali sia il testo sia le illustrazioni concorrono entrambi alla costruzione di conoscenza.<br>This study explores the most recent non-fiction picturebooks. The aim of the research is to conduct a comparative study by analyzing the most interesting non-fiction picturebooks from different countries, to question what are the main characteristics of this new type of publishing and which are the strategies through which knowledge is organized.

Il presente studio si occupa di indagare lo stato delle popolazioni di alici, Engraulis encrasicolus, e sardine, Sardina pilchardus, presenti nel Mar Adriatico Centrale e Settentrionale attraverso l’utilizzo di metodi di dinamica di popolazione. L’attenzione per queste specie è dovuta alla loro importanza commerciale; sono, infatti, specie “target” della flotta peschereccia italiana, in particolare nell’area adriatica. I metodi di dinamica di popolazione sono uno degli aspetti più importanti delle scienze della pesca. Attraverso lo stock assessment si possono acquisire informazioni sull’abbondanza in mare delle risorse nel tempo e nello spazio, nonché sulla mortalità dovuta all’attività di pesca, che sono di primaria importanza per l’adozione di misure gestionali. I metodi di dinamica di popolazione esaminati e confrontati in questa tesi sono stati due: Virtual Population Analysis (VPA) e Integrated Catch-at-Age Analysis (ICA). Prima, però, è stato necessario esaminare le modalità con cui ottenere i dati di “input”, quali: tassi di crescita delle specie, mortalità naturale, sforzo di pesca, dati di cattura. Infine, è stato possibile ricostruire nel tempo la storia dello stock in questione e il suo stato attuale, dando indicazioni per lo sfruttamento futuro in un’ottica di conservazione dello stock stesso. Attraverso la determinazione della curva di crescita si sono potuti ottenere i parametri di crescita delle specie in esame, necessari per definire i tassi di mortalità naturale. L’abbondanza di questi stock è stata valutata con i programmi Age Length Key (ALK) e Iterative Age Length Key (IALK). Nei programmi di stock assessment utilizzati si è preferito utilizzare la stima di abbondanza calcolata con il primo metodo, in quanto più rappresentativo dello stock in esame. Un parametro di fondamentale importanza e di difficile stima è la mortalità; in particolare, in questo studio ci siamo occupati di determinare la mortalità naturale. Questa è stata determinata utilizzando due programmi: ProdBiom (Abella et al., 1998) e il sistema ideato da Gislason et al. (2008). Nonostante l’approccio conservativo suggerisca l’utilizzo dei valori ricavati da ProdBiom, in quanto più bassi, si è preferito utilizzare i tassi di mortalità naturale ricavati dalla seconda procedura. Questa preferenza è stata determinata dal fatto che il programma ProdBiom consegna indici di mortalità naturale troppo bassi, se confrontati con quelli presentati in letteratura per le specie in esame. Inoltre, benché nessuno dei due programmi sia stato costruito appositamente per le specie pelagiche, è comunque preferibile la metodologia ideata da Gislason et al. (2008), in quanto ottenuta da un esame di 367 pubblicazioni, in alcune delle quali erano presenti dati per queste specie. Per quanto riguarda i dati di cattura utilizzati in questo lavoro per il calcolo della Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE, cioè le catture per unità di sforzo), si sono utilizzati quelli della marineria di Porto Garibaldi, in quanto questa vanta una lunga serie temporale di dati, dal 1975 ad oggi. Inoltre, in questa marineria si è sempre pescato senza imposizione di quote e con quantitativi elevati. Determinati questi dati è stato possibile applicare i programmi di valutazione degli stock ittici: VPA e ICA. L’ICA risulta essere più attendibile, soprattutto per gli anni recenti, in quanto prevede un periodo nel quale la selettività è mantenuta costante, riducendo i calcoli da fare e, di conseguenza, diminuendo gli errori. In particolare, l’ICA effettua i suoi calcoli considerando che i dati di cattura e gli indici di “tuning” possono contenere degli errori. Nonostante le varie differenze dei programmi e le loro caratteristiche, entrambi concordano sullo stato degli stock in mare. Per quanto riguarda l’alice, lo stock di questa specie nel Mar Adriatico Settentrionale e Centrale, altamente sfruttato in passato, oggi risulta moderatamente sfruttato in quanto il livello di sfruttamento viene ottenuto con un basso livello di sforzo di pesca. Si raccomanda, comunque, di non incrementare lo sforzo di pesca, in modo da non determinare nuove drastiche diminuzioni dello stock con pesanti conseguenze per l’attività di pesca. Le sardine, invece, presentano un trend diverso: dalla metà degli anni ottanta lo stock di Sardina pilchardus ha conosciuto un continuo e progressivo declino, che solo nell’ultimo decennio mostra un’inversione di tendenza. Questo, però, non deve incoraggiare ad aumentare lo pressione di pesca, anzi bisogna cercare di mantenere costante lo sforzo di pesca al livello attuale in modo da permettere il completo ristabilimento dello stock (le catture della flotta italiana sono, infatti, ancora relativamente basse). Questo lavoro, nonostante i vari aspetti da implementare (quali: il campionamento, le metodologie utilizzate, l’introduzione di aspetti non considerati, come ad es. gli scarti,… etc.) e le difficoltà incontrate nel suo svolgimento, ha fornito un contributo di approfondimento sugli spinosi aspetti della definizione del tasso di mortalità naturale, individuando una procedura più adatta per stimare questo parametro. Inoltre, ha presentato l’innovativo aspetto del confronto tra i programmi ICA e VPA, mostrando una buon accordo dei risultati ottenuti. E’ necessario, comunque, continuare ad approfondire questi aspetti per ottenere valutazioni sempre più precise e affidabili, per raggiungere una corretta gestione dell’attività di pesca e ai fini della preservazione degli stock stessi.

Submitted by Roberth Novaes (roberth.novaes@live.com) on 2018-07-16T15:40:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final - Andrea Mafra.pdf: 1601773 bytes, checksum: 5575ca9d4f32b333ee7c7b75d8998599 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Setor de Periódicos (per_macedocosta@ufba.br) on 2018-07-17T18:51:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final - Andrea Mafra.pdf: 1601773 bytes, checksum: 5575ca9d4f32b333ee7c7b75d8998599 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-17T18:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final - Andrea Mafra.pdf: 1601773 bytes, checksum: 5575ca9d4f32b333ee7c7b75d8998599 (MD5)<br>Alagoas e Sergipe. Neste trabalho, com base no aporte teórico-metodológico da Dialectologia e da Sociolinguística Variacionista, investigam-se os fatores geolinguísticos, linguísticos e sociais que definem a escolha do falante. Na constituição do corpus, utilizaram-se as respostas aos questionários Fonético-Fonológico, Semântico-Lexical, Morfossintático e Temas para Discurso Semidirigido (cf. Aguilera et al.). Os informantes estão estratificados quanto ao sexo – masculino e feminino —, faixa etária – faixa I (18 a 30 anos) e faixa II (50 a 65 anos), – e escolaridade — fundamental incompleto e universitário —, de acordo com a metodologia do Projeto ALiB. Os dados foram submetidos ao pacote de programas VARBRUL, em sua versão para Windows, o GOLDVARB. Dentre os resultados obtidos na análise quantitativa, confirma-se a presença da variante palatalizada em todas as cidades estudadas. A variável faixa etária mostrou-se um fator importante para explicar o uso das “africadas baianas”, apontando para uma maior frequência e pesos relativos mais elevados, na segunda faixa etária. A variável escolaridade se mostrou relevante, evidenciando uma maior presença em informantes de escolaridade fundamental e uma maior estigmatização da forma estudada na cidade de Aracaju, em relação à Maceió.<br>This dissertation investigates the “africadas baianas” in event such as dodjo (= doido), muntcho (=muito), utilizing data from Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil, in 2 Brazilian states: Alagoas and Sergipe. In this work, basing on the dialectology and the Variacionist Sociolinguistic theoretical-methodological model, it looks investigate the conditioning of geolinguistic, linguistic and social factors on the performance of the speaker. In the constitution of the corpus, were used the answers from the Phonetic Phonological, Semantic Lexical, Morphosintatic and themes of semi-structured speech (cf. Aguilera et al.). Informants were separated according to the sex — male and female —, age — from 18 to 30 and from 50 to 65 — and schooling — incomplete grammar course and college degree, in keeping with the Project ALiB methodology. The data were submitted to the program VARBRUL, in its version for windows, the GOLDVARB. Of the results obtained in the quantitative analyses, confirms the presence of palatalized variant in all the cities studied. The age group was an important factor to explain the use of “africadas baianas”, pointing to a higher frequency in the secondary school. The variable related to the education level was relevant, revealing a greater stigma in the studied form in Aracaju,in relation to Maceió. KeyWords:

Submitted by Verena Pereira (verenagoncalves@uefs.br) on 2018-07-20T22:29:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Robevaldo.pdf: 2121176 bytes, checksum: 98bf6ed19ea1c2a81242cec6e79c221a (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T22:29:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Robevaldo.pdf: 2121176 bytes, checksum: 98bf6ed19ea1c2a81242cec6e79c221a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-19<br>Based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of labovian sociolinguistics and the multidimensional geolinguistics, this research aims to investigate the variable realization of the post-vocalic lateral / l / in the position of syllabic coda in Bahia communities of the Linguistic Atlas of Brazil Project (ALiB Project). For this purpose, we analyze a corpus with 24 interviews with natural informants from the following locations, members of the ALiB Project network: Euclides da Cunha, Barra, Jacobina, Seabra, Santo Amaro and Santa Cruz Cabr?lia. According to the methodology of the ALiB Project, the informants are stratified by both sexes, with four informants in each city, divided into two age groups (range 1 ? 18 to 30 years old and range 2 ? 50 to 65 years old), graduated, at most, until High School. To carry out the research, the following hypotheses were raised: the / l / in the final position of the syllable is variable in the speech of the investigated communities, with the vocalized variant [w] already widely disseminated in the speech from Bahia cities, but not in a categorical way; the interaction between linguistic and social factors in the variation of / l / is the vector of this phenomenon; the variation of / l / points to a change in progress. The results point to a tendency to change, in which the erasing of the dependent variable has been abandoned by the younger informants in favor of the vocalized variant, so that the implementation of the vocalization presents different stages in each of the selected localities<br>Pautada nos pressupostos te?rico-metodol?gicos da sociolingu?stica laboviana e da geolingu?stica pluridimensional, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar a realiza??o vari?vel da lateral p?s-voc?lica /l/ em posi??o de coda sil?bica em comunidades baianas do Projeto Atlas Lingu?stico do Brasil (Projeto ALiB). Para tanto, foram utilizadas na composi??o do corpus analisado 24 entrevistas com informantes naturais das seguintes localidades, integrantes da rede de pontos do Projeto ALiB: Euclides da Cunha, Barra, Jacobina, Seabra, Santo Amaro e Santa Cruz Cabr?lia. Em conformidade com a metodologia do Projeto ALiB, os informantes s?o estratificados pelos dois sexos, sendo quatro informantes em cada munic?pio, distribu?dos por duas faixas et?rias (faixa 1 ? 18 a 30 anos e faixa 2 ? 50 a 65 anos), com escolaridade, no m?ximo, at? o Ensino M?dio. Para proceder ? pesquisa, foram levantadas as seguintes hip?teses: o /l/ em posi??o final de s?laba ? vari?vel na fala das comunidades investigadas, com a variante vocalizada [w] j? bastante disseminada na fala do interior baiano, mas n?o de maneira categ?rica; a intera??o entre fatores lingu?sticos e sociais na varia??o de /l/ ? o vetor desse fen?meno; a varia??o de /l/ aponta para uma mudan?a em progresso. Os resultados apontam uma tend?ncia ? mudan?a, em que o apagamento da vari?vel dependente tem sido abandonado pelos informantes mais jovens em favor da variante vocalizada, de modo que a implementa??o da vocaliza??o apresenta est?gios diferentes em cada uma das localidades selecionadas

ABSTRACT This thesis focuses on picture books, a particular typology of children’s literature. This paper is composed of five sections. The first section consists of a historical introduction to this literary genre, from its creation to its development through the last decades. The next chapter focuses on the Chinese literary context. Firstly, it explains the evolution of children’s literature in China, including picture books. Secondly, it presents the most famous Chinese authors of this genre and illustrates the increasing attention that Chinese literature for children is attracting in the publishing world since Cao Wenxuan won Hans Christian Andersen Award in 2016. This section includes an introduction to Dai Yun, the author of the works translated for this thesis. Despite her young age, she has already won several significant awards in her field. The third section is a translation from Chinese into Italian of two picture books. Although they differ in certain respects, they both focus on the respect for the environment, a significant issue in these times of climate change. The fourth chapter aims to explain the main strategies used during the translation process. The fifth and last chapter consists of a book proposal that includes the works translated in the third section. The book proposal envisages a future collocation for the metatexts as part of a book series allowing the young Italian readers to enjoy these stories.

This thesis focuses on the translation of six picture books that challenge and subvert – each one in its peculiar way – typical stereotypes found in Children’s Literature. I think that stereotyping is an all-important theme in picture books because these books are the ones that will introduce children to literature and young readers have the right to find in it every kind of model. Showing children a variety of characters that reflects the multiple forms of reality will allow them to choose which kind of person to be. In my opinion, this freedom is much needed especially here, in Italy, in this moment of history. This work also studies the stereotypes that have appeared – and are still present, to some extent – in Children’s Literature, the ways in which they are dangerous for young readers, and how they have changed over time. I centered my research on three major themes that have been subject to stereotyping: race, disability and gender. I searched for the right books to translate paying attention not only to the themes they focused on but also to how they dealt with such themes, the tone of each picture book and, obviously, its quality. The selection resulting from my research reflects a diverse world and a celebration of difference. Before actually translating them, I engaged in a deep analysis of their structures, themes and meanings, so that I would be able to enter the ‘world’ of the book and to understand its ‘secrets’ better. This analysis proved to be fundamental during the translation phase and allowed me to make conscious translation choices that I have explored in the part dedicated to the commentary of the translation.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo a descrição linguística da realidade do português no Brasil, com base em corpus elaborado sobre o campo semântico da Alimentação e Cozinha, a partir dos dados das vinte e cinco capitais do projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil-ALiB, identificando as possíveis diferenças diatópicas, diagenéricas e diageracionais, como forma de fotografar e registrar aspectos da influência da cultura e da vivência do falante na composição e diversificação do léxico. Para tanto, buscamos, nos pressupostos teóricos da Sociolinguística, da Geolinguística e da Etnolinguística, a relação entre cultura, sociedade e fala, por meio de: i) análise dos dados coletados mediante entrevistas para verificar a frequência e a distribuição das variantes no campo pesquisado; ii) elaboração de quadros para comparação da produtividade das diversas variantes e sua distribuição nas 25 capitais brasileiras; (iii) registro das variantes em 12 cartas pluridimensionais, levando em conta a idade, o sexo e a escolaridade dos informantes, para verificar as diferenças diastráticas; iv) elaboração de 11 cartas fenotípicas, a partir da análise das cartas pluridimensionais a fim de compará-las aos estudos de Nascentes (1953) sobre a divisão dialetal brasileira; (v) verificação das variantes lexicais nos dicionários de Morais Silva (1945), Houaiss (2001) e Ferreira (2004), dentre outros, buscando compará-las quanto à acepção e à etimologia; (vi) análise semântico-lexical das formas mais frequentes, com a finalidade de apurar possíveis influências diatópicas e/ou sociais. A pesquisa revelou que: i) 41% das 200 variantes encontradas não estão dicionarizadas, indicando a necessidade de uma atualização dos dicionários tendo como fonte de dados pesquisas geolinguísticas; ii) as não-respostas a algumas questões (177, 179, 180) constitui fator indicativo da cultura regional, bem como da nacional; iii) os empréstimos linguísticos configuram-se como indicativos da etnicidade e da cultura, presentes nas capitais; iv) o informante cria e recria expressões para denominar referentes que não fazem parte de seu universo cognitivo; v) as capitais Salvador, Vitória e Porto Alegre possuem uma identidade linguística diversa à das outras capitais analisadas; vi) a proposta de Nascentes (1953) acerca da divisão dialetal brasileira apresenta-se, em alguns aspectos, condizente com a pesquisa empreendida, embora haja a dificuldade em delimitar limites precisos das áreas dialetais.<br>This work aims to describe the linguistic reality of the Portuguese in Brazil, based on corpus elaborated on the semantic field of Food and Cooking, from the data of twenty-five capitals of the project Atlas Linguístico do Brasil (ALiB), identifying diatopical, diageneric and diageracionals differences as a way of photographing aspects of the culture?s influence and the speaker?s experience in the composition and diversification of the lexicon. For that, we follow the theoretical principles of Sociolinguistic, Geolinguistic and Ethnolinguistic, the relationship between culture, society and speaks through: i) analysis of data collected in interviews to verify the frequency and distribution of variants in the research?s field; ii) development of frameworks for comparing the different variants? productivity of and their distribution on 25 Brazilian capitals; iii) register of the variations in 12 pluridimensional letters, taking into account age, sex, and education of the informants to verify the diastratics differences; iv) development of 11 phenotypics letters from the multi-dimensional analysis of the letters in order to compare them to Nascentes? (1953) studies of Brazilian dialectal division; v) verification of lexical variants in Morais Silva (1945) , Houaiss (2001) and Ferreira (2004) and others dictionaries, seeking to compare them as to the meaning and etymology; vi) lexical-semantic analysis of the most frequency, with the aim of investigating possible influences diatopical and / or social. The research revealed that: i) 41% of 200 variants found are not on that dictionaries, indicating the need to update the dictionary with a source of geolinguistic research; ii) the non-answers to some questions (177, 179, 180) are indicative of the culture regional factor, and the national too; iii) the lexical borrowing are characterized as a indicative of ethnicity and culture, present on the capitals; iv) the informant creates expressions to refer something that is not part of his cognitive universe; v) The Salvador, Vitoria and Porto Alegre capitals have a linguistic identity different from the other capitals analyzed; vi) Nascentes? (1953) proposed about the Brazilian dialectal division is presented, in some ways, consistent with the research, although it exist the difficulty to define precise limits of dialectal areas.

Submitted by Glauber de Assunção Moreira (glauber.moreira@ufba.br) on 2019-01-11T20:03:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - DO Silvana S C Ribeiro.pdf: 131228117 bytes, checksum: 94a4be64a812403c632ba2fa8075fe72 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Setor de Periódicos (per_macedocosta@ufba.br) on 2019-01-14T15:41:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - DO Silvana S C Ribeiro.pdf: 131228117 bytes, checksum: 94a4be64a812403c632ba2fa8075fe72 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-14T15:41:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - DO Silvana S C Ribeiro.pdf: 131228117 bytes, checksum: 94a4be64a812403c632ba2fa8075fe72 (MD5)<br>A Tese de Doutorado examina a atualidade da divisão dialetal do Brasil, proposta Nascentes (1953), especificamente no que se refere à área do Falar Baiano, e a pertinência dos limites estabelecidos, considera a realidade presente. O autor divide o Brasil em dois grupos de falares, o do (a) Norte e o do (b) Sul, no qual situa o Falar Baiano, e reconhece, ainda, uma área a que denomina território incaracterístico. O trabalho fundamenta-se na Dialetologia e na Geolinguística Pluridimensional Contemporânea. Tem por objetivo demonstrar a variação diatópica identificada a partir dos dados coletados com base na área semântica escolhida. A Tese apresenta um estudo do léxico dos brinquedos e brincadeiras infantis, fazendo registro das variantes lexicais coletadas na amostra para cada um dos artefatos ou atividades lúdicas. Descreve as características gerais de uso e o modo de confecção de cada um deles, assinalando a importância da sua preservação para a cultura popular. Traz resultado da consulta aos dicionários de Houaiss (2002), Ferreira (1999), Aulete (2006) e Cascudo (1954) no que se refere às variantes lexicais documentadas na amostra. Tem como base, para a análise, um extrato do corpus do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil composto de 244 inquéritos linguísticos. Os informantes, em igual número, são de ambos os sexos, de duas faixas etárias (18 a 30 e 50 a 65 anos) e de dois graus de escolaridade (fundamental incompleto e superior completo). A área geográfica estudada é composta de 57 localidades pertencentes a 11 estados brasileiros, dos quais 5 estão situados na área do Falar Baiano e os demais em regiões fronteiriças. Os resultados obtidos com a aplicação das perguntas referentes aos jogos e diversões infantis são mostrados em gráficos e tabelas contendo a variação encontrada. A variação diatópica está descrita em cartas linguísticas. A Tese vem apresentada em três volumes. No Volume I, constam os capítulos referentes aos pressupostos teóricos adotados, ao Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil, à metodologia aplicada na pesquisa e à análise dos dados coletados. Fecha-se o volume com as Considerações Finais e as Referências Bibliográficas que ampararam o trabalho. O Volume II é formado por um conjunto de 40 cartas das quais 7 são introdutórias, 23 semântico-lexicais, 1 fonética e 9 cartasresumo, estas contendo o traçado de isoléxicas e a delimitação de subáreas dialetais. Do Volume III, constam os Apêndices constituídos pelas listagens de ocorrências das lexias documentadas e da pesquisa lexicográfica e os Anexos. O trabalho atesta a vitalidade do Falar Baiano e sugere a existência de 4 subáreas dialetais.<br>Cette Thèse examine l’actualité de la division dialectale du Brésil proposée par Nascentes (1953), spécifiquement sur le domaine du Parler Bahianais, et la pertinence des limites établies, en considérant la réalité présente. L’auteur divise le Brésil en deux groupes de parlers, celui du Nord (a) et celui du Sud (b), où il place le Parler Bahianais, et reconnait encore un domaine auquel il dénomme territoire noncaractéristique. Le présent travail se fonde sur la Dialectologie et la Géolinguistique pluridimensionnelle contemporaines. Il a pour objectif de démontrer la variation diatopique identifiée à partir des données collectées sur l’aire sémantique choisie. Cette thèse présente une étude du lexique des jeux d’enfants, en enregistrant les variantes lexicales collectées dans l’échantillon pour chacun des artefacts ou activités ludiques. Elle décrit les caractérisques générales de l’emploi et le mode de confection de chacun d’eux, signalant l’importance de sa préservation pour la culture populaire. Elle présente aussi le résultat des consultations aux dictionnaires de Houaiss (2002), Ferreira (1999), Aulete (2006) et Cascudo (1954), en ce qui concerne les variantes lexicales documentées dans l’échantillon. Ce travail a comme base d’analyse un extrait du corpus du Projet Atlas Linguistique du Brésil, composé de 244 enquêtes linguistiques. Les informateurs, du même nombre, sont des deux sexes, de deux fourchettes d’âge (18 à 30 et 50 à 65 ans) et de deux degrés de scolarité (école primaire incomplète et cours supérieur complet). Le domaine géographique étudié est composé de 57 localités qui appartiennent à 11 États brésiliens, dont 5 situés dans la zone du Parler Bahianais et les autres des régions frontalières. Les résultats obtenus de l’application des questions concernant les jeux et divertissements enfantins sont montrés en des graphiques et des tableaux contenant la variation trouvée. La variation diatopique est décrite en des cartes linguistiques. La Thèse est présentée en trois volumes. Dans le Volume I, figurent les chapitres concernant les présuposés théoriques adoptés, le Projet Atlas Linguistique du Brésil, la méthodologie appliquée dans la recherche et l’analyse des données collectées. Ce volume se ferme sur des considérations finales et les références bibliographiques qui ont étayées le travail. Le Volume II est formé par un ensemble de 40 cartes dont 7 sont introductrices, 23 sémantico-lexicales, 1 phonétique et 9 cartes-résumé, ces dernières contenant le tracé d’isolexiques et la délimitation de sous-aires dialectales. Dans le Volume III figurent les Appendices constitués par des listes d’occurrences des lexies documentées et de la recherche lexicographique et les Annexes. Cette étude atteste la vitalité du Parler Bahianais et suggère l’existence de 4 sous-aires dialectales.

Submitted by Roberth Novaes (roberth.novaes@live.com) on 2018-10-01T14:46:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Leandro Almeida dos Santos.pdf: 7730925 bytes, checksum: 80a630078636f0467fb4b1088f8e92b5 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Setor de Periódicos (per_macedocosta@ufba.br) on 2018-10-01T16:07:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Leandro Almeida dos Santos.pdf: 7730925 bytes, checksum: 80a630078636f0467fb4b1088f8e92b5 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-01T16:07:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Leandro Almeida dos Santos.pdf: 7730925 bytes, checksum: 80a630078636f0467fb4b1088f8e92b5 (MD5)<br>Apresenta-se, neste trabalho, uma análise da divisão dialetal brasileira, no que tange ao Falar Fluminense, datada de 1953, de autoria de Antenor Nascentes. Para o empreendimento audacioso, o referido autor, após ter viajado o país, dividiu o Brasil em dois grandes falares, o do Norte e o do Sul, local em que se situa o Falar Fluminense, além de ter proposto uma área que denominou como um Território Incaracterístico. Esta dissertação ampara-se nos fundamentos da Dialetologia, Sociolinguística (Quantitativa e Interacional), da Geolinguística Pluridimensional Contemporânea e da Lexicologia. Nesta pesquisa, com base nos dados lexicais do campo semântico dos jogos e diversões infantis, pertencente ao Questionário Semântico-Lexical do Projeto ALiB, discute-se a vitalidade do Falar Fluminense, utilizando as 13 perguntas que compõe o citado campo semântico. Como objetivos específicos, busca-se identificar os perfis dos falares brasileiros, em especial os da área em análise, possibilitar um maior conhecimento das variantes lexicais características do Português Brasileiro e utilizar os dados do Projeto ALiB, a fim de poder delimitar áreas dialetais. A área geográfica escolhida é composta por 35 localidades que pertencem a 5 estados brasileiros. A análise prioritária voltou-se para a diatopia, utilizando 152 elocuções dos informantes, mas os aspectos sócio-históricos foram salutares para o entendimento do comportamento linguístico do falar da área em estudo. Os resultados obtidos são mostrados em gráficos, tabelas e cartas linguístcas, estas trazem a sugestão de cartografar os dados não obtidos, uma vez que são também importantes para a caracterização das fronteiras dialetais. Há, também, uma comparação com os trabalhos alibianos que objetivaram, por meio do léxico, identificar áreas linguísticas, tais como: Ribeiro (2012), Portilho (2013) e Romano (2015). Alguns exemplos foram trazidos, com o intuito de comprovar o elo entre língua e sociedade e demonstrar como as mudanças sociais interferem nos usos e preferências linguísticas. Desse modo, acredita-se que vários agentes (internos e externos) são propiciadores da manuntenção ou substituição das formas lexicais no seio da sociedade, tais como: escola, igreja, mídias etc. Com isso, buscou-se um cotejo entre os dados documentados e 4 dicionários escolares, a saber: Bueno (2010), Telles& Bentes (2011), Bechara (2011) e Borba (2011). A partir das análises empreendidas, pode-se chegar à conclusão que Nascentes (1953) agiu de forma precisa ao dividir o Brasil em dois grupos (Norte e Sul), no entanto tal precisão não se comprova de forma eficaz quando analisados os limites do Falar Fluminense, pois não há distinção clara entre os pontos de controle e a área em análise. Portanto, sob o ponto de vista lexical, os dados apontam para a não confirmação do Falar Fluminense. Novas análises são pertinentes, em prol da confirmação dos limites desse falar, sobretudo um olhar mais atento para o comportamento linguístico dos informantes de Minas Gerais.<br>It is presented in this work, an analysis of Brazilian dialectal division, with regard to Talk Fluminense, dated 1953, written by Antenor Nascentes. For the audacious venture, said the author, after having traveled the country, divided Brazil into two major dialects, the North and the South, the place where is located the Talk Fluminense, and has proposed an area called as a territory uncharacteristic. This research bolsters up the foundations of Dialectology, Sociolinguistics (Quantitative and interactional), the Geolinguística Pluridimensional Contemporary and Lexicology. In this research, based on lexical data of the semantic field of games and children's entertainment, belonging to the Semantic-Lexical Questionnaire ALiB Project, discusses the vitality of Talking Fluminense, using the 13 questions that make up the aforementioned semantic field. Specific objectives, seeks to identify the profiles of Brazilian dialects, especially the area in question, allowing greater knowledge of lexical variants Brazilian Portuguese characteristics and use of ALiB design data in order to delimit dialectal areas. The selected geographical area consists of 35 locations belonging to five Brazilian states. Priority analysis turned to the diatopia using 152 utterances of informants, but the socio-historical aspects were salutary to understanding the linguistic behavior of the talk in the study area. The results are shown in graphs, tables and linguistc charts, these bring the suggestion of mapping data not obtained, since they are also important for the characterization of the dialectal fronterias. There is also a comparison with the alibianos work that aimed, through the lexicon, identify language areas such as: Ribeiro (2012), Portillo (2013) and Romano (2015). Some examples were brought in order to prove the link between language and society, and demonstrate how social changes affect the uses and language preferences. Thus, it is believed that several agents (internal and external) are enablers of the maintenance or replacement of lexical forms in society, such as school, church, media, etc. Thus, we sought a comparison between the documented data and 4 school dictionaries, namely: Bueno (2010), Telles & Bentes (2011), Bechara (2011) and Borba (2011). From the current analysis, we can conclude that Nascentes (1953) acted precisely to divide Brazil into two groups (North and Sounth), however, such precision is not proven effectively when analyzing the limits of Talking Fluminense, did there is a clear distinction between the control points and the area under review. Therefore, under the lexical point of view, the data point to the non-confirmation of Talking Fluminense. New analyzes are relevant, for the sake of confirmation of the limits of this talk, especially closer look at the linguistic behavior of Minas Gerais informants.